JP2018040365A - Four-cycle engine lubrication system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a four-cycle engine lubrication system capable of being turned over freely without using a dedicated oil pump.SOLUTION: The four-cycle engine lubrication system comprises: an engine body 1 in which a crank shaft chamber and an air valve distribution chamber are arranged; a cylinder head cover 2 fixed onto the engine and communicated with the atmosphere; and an oil tank 3 which is configured to store lubricating oil, arranged in the engine body, located at one side of a cam, and provided with an oil mist generation device therein, wherein an oil outlet passage of the oil mist generation device communicates the oil tank 3 with the crank shaft chamber via an oil outlet pipe 51; the crank shaft chamber is communicated with the air valve distribution chamber via a check valve; the air valve distribution chamber is communicated with the oil tank 3 via a passage; the air valve distribution chamber is communicated with the cylinder head cover 2; and the cylinder head cover 2 is communicated with the oil tank 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an engine lubrication system, and more particularly to a four-cycle engine lubrication system.

  A typical hand-held engine employs a two-cycle engine and is not limited by the lubrication structure, and therefore can be operated in any working state, for example, in a tilted state or in a state of being turned sideways. In such a normal hand-held engine, waste gas is discharged including many pollutants, and therefore, the state of China becomes more strict about the discharge of pollutants, making it impossible to adopt a two-cycle engine.

  A normal four-cycle engine is superior to a two-cycle engine in terms of exhaust gas emissions, but cannot meet the demand for existing lubrication systems. If the engine is turned upside down or overturned, the lubrication system may not operate smoothly, which may cause the combustion of lubricating oil or the ejection of oil in the engine.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lubrication system for a four-stroke engine that allows any inversion and does not require the use of a dedicated oil pump.

The lubrication system for a four-cycle engine according to the present invention includes:
An engine body having a crank chamber and a valve operating chamber therein;
A cylinder head cover fixed to the engine and communicating with the atmosphere;
It includes an oil tank that stores lubricating oil, is provided in the engine body, is located on one side of the cam, and in which an oil mist generating device is provided.
An oil discharge passage of the oil mist generating device communicates an oil tank and a crank chamber through an oil discharge pipe, the crank chamber and the valve chamber communicate with each other through a check valve, and the valve chamber is communicated through the passage. The valve chamber communicates with a cylinder head cover, and the cylinder head cover communicates with the oil tank.

  Furthermore, the oil mist generating device includes a rotating shaft, a stirring plate, and a relay sleeve. The rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the relay sleeve, and the stirring plate is fixed to the rotating shaft. The stirring plate and the rotating shaft are each provided with an oil drain passage, and the oil discharging passage of the stirring plate is communicated with the oil draining passage of the rotating shaft. The oil drain passage of the rotating shaft is connected to the oil drain pipe through a relay sleeve.

  Further, the stirring plate includes two modified blades, each modified blade is provided with an oil groove, the two modified blades are fixed, and the two oil grooves are combined to form an oil discharge passage.

Further, a collection chamber and an oil discharge chamber are provided in the relay sleeve, and the oil discharge passage of the rotating shaft is communicated with the collection chamber.
Further, the relay sleeve and the oil tank are integrally formed.
Further, the oil tank includes a tank body and a tank cover, the tank body is fixed to the tank cover, and the tank body and the engine body are integrally formed.

Further, the engine body is further provided with a flywheel, and the oil tank is located above the flywheel.
Further, the check valve is a diaphragm valve.

  In the lubrication system for a four-cycle engine in the present invention, the oil tank, the crank chamber, the valve operating chamber, and the cylinder head cover are sequentially communicated, and the valve operating chamber and the oil tank are directly communicated. A check valve is provided between the crank chamber and the valve operating chamber. The check valve is turned on when the crank chamber pressure is raised and turned off when the pressure is lowered, thereby avoiding the recirculation of the lubricating oil. The oil mist generated in the oil tank is circulated from the oil tank to the crank chamber, the valve operating chamber, and the oil tank by the pressure pulse in the crank chamber. When the engine is arbitrarily reversed, the lubricating oil flows from the oil mist generating device to the crankshaft and circulates, so that it is not necessary to use a dedicated oil pump. Furthermore, parts can be thoroughly lubricated compared to the splash lubrication method.

FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a lubrication system for a four-cycle engine of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a lubrication system for a four-cycle engine of the present invention. FIG. 3 is another cross-sectional view of a lubrication system for a four-cycle engine of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a view showing a connection structure between the crank chamber and the oil tank. FIG. 5 is a view showing a connection structure between the valve operating chamber and the oil tank. FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the rocker arm. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the rocker arm. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder head cover. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder head cover. FIG. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a breather plate. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil return plate. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view when the engine rolls over to the left. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view when the engine rolls over to the right. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view when the engine is inverted.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the four-cycle engine lubrication system of the present invention, a preferred embodiment includes an engine body 1, a cylinder head cover 2, and an oil tank 3 in which a cylinder head and a cylinder block are integrated. The oil tank 3 is provided at the upper end of the engine body 1, and the oil tank 3 is located outside the engine body 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the engine body 1 is provided with a crank chamber 11, a valve operating chamber 12, and a valve chamber 13 provided below the crank chamber 11. A check valve 131 is provided in the valve chamber 13, and the crank chamber 11 and the valve operating chamber 12 communicate with each other through the valve chamber 13. A cylinder head cover 2 is provided at the upper end of the engine body 1, and a flywheel 14 is further provided at the lower end of the engine body 1. The cylinder head cover 2 communicates with the atmosphere, and the cylinder head cover 2 is provided with an exhaust hole 211. The exhaust hole 211 communicates with the valve operating chamber 12 so that the upper end of the valve operating chamber 12 communicates with the atmosphere. Since the oil tank 3 is located above the flywheel 14, the empty space in the flywheel 14 and the engine can be used reasonably. In the prior art, since the occupied space of the entire engine is smaller than that in which the oil tank 3 is provided in the engine body 1, the volume of the engine body 1 is reduced, and the power source of the cutting machine or chain saw is reduced. When used as a device, the center of gravity of the entire device is closer to the center of gravity of the human body, improving usability and facilitating control.

  A valve hole and a circulation channel are provided in the valve chamber 13, the valve chamber 13 communicates with the crank chamber 11 through the valve hole, and the valve chamber 13 communicates with the valve operating chamber 12 through the circulation channel. The check valve 131 is a diaphragm valve, is provided in the valve chamber 13, and is used to open and close the valve hole. As the piston moves up and down, the pressure in the crank chamber 11 pulsates so as to alternately repeat a positive pressure and a negative pressure. When the pressure in the crank chamber 11 rises, the valve hole is opened by the valve seat. When the pressure in the crank chamber 11 is reduced, the valve hole is closed by the valve seat. A crankshaft 111 connected to the piston is provided in the crank chamber 11.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a valve operating mechanism is provided in the valve operating chamber 12. The valve operating mechanism includes a timing gear 121, a timing belt 122, a cam 129, a cam shaft 123, a rocker arm shaft 124, an intake rocker arm 125, and an exhaust rocker arm 126. The rocker arm shaft 124 and the cam shaft 123 are respectively provided on the engine body 1, and the intake rocker arm 125 and the exhaust rocker arm 126 are respectively provided on the rocker arm shaft 124. In the plan view, the intake rocker arm 125 and the exhaust rocker arm 126 are X-shaped, and the cam 129 is positioned on the cam shaft 123 to rotate the cam shaft 123. One end of the timing belt 122 is connected to the cam, and the other end of the timing belt 122 is connected to the timing gear 121. The timing belt 122 brings lubricating oil mist in the valve operating chamber 12 to one end of the cam shaft 123 to lubricate the upper end parts. Since the intake rocker arm 125 and the exhaust rocker arm 126 are provided on one shaft, the width of the engine is shortened, and at the same time, the mounting position of the rocker arm shaft 124 is moved downward, and the adaptability of the rocker arm and the piston is maintained. can do. Compared to the engine body 1 having two rocker arm shafts 124 of the prior art, the volume is further reduced. At the same time, since only one rocker arm shaft 124 is used, the depression angle between the intake valve 127 and the exhaust valve 128 is reduced, and the entire space of the rocker arm mechanism is reduced. Since it is possible to make the angles of the intake valve 127 and the exhaust valve 128 close to a right angle, the intake passage may be provided at a substantially right angle. As a result, the atmosphere flows smoothly into the cylinder, and a higher performance engine is obtained. In particular, when the engine rotates at high speed, the intake air becomes smooth, the air-fuel ratio of the engine is maintained within an appropriate range, and excellent performance can be exhibited.

  The oil tank 3 includes a tank body 31 and a tank cover 32, and the tank cover 32 and the tank body 31 are fixed by screws to form a storage chamber. The tank body 31 and the tank cover 32 are provided with oil supply holes, and a sealing cap 33 for sealing is provided in the oil supply hole, and the lubricating oil is supplied into the oil tank 3 through the oil supply hole. The tank body 31 is provided with a reflux passage 311, one end of the reflux passage 311 communicates with the storage chamber, the other end of the reflux passage 311 communicates with the cylinder head cover 2, and the tank body 31 and the engine body 1 are Since it is integrally molded, manufacturing is simplified. The oil tank 3 is used for storing lubricating oil, and an oil mist generating device for agitating the lubricating oil to generate oil mist is provided in the oil tank 3. The oil mist generating device is provided with an oil discharge passage, and the oil discharge passage communicates the oil tank 3 and the crank chamber 11 through an oil discharge pipe 51. The valve operating chamber 12 communicates with the oil tank 3 through an oil return pipe 52, and the cylinder head cover 2 communicates with the oil tank 3 with an oil return hole 241 provided at the bottom.

  The oil mist generating device includes a rotating shaft, a stirring plate 42 and a relay sleeve 43. The relay sleeve 43 is provided so as to cover a rotation shaft, the rotation shaft rotates with respect to the relay sleeve 43, and the stirring plate 42 is fixed to the rotation shaft. Since the rotating shaft and the cam shaft 123 are integrally formed, manufacture and mounting are simplified. The rotary shaft and each stirring plate 42 are provided with oil drain passages, and the oil drain passages of the respective stirring plates 42 are communicated with the oil drain passages of the rotary shafts. The oil drain passages of the rotary shafts drain oil through the relay sleeve 43. It communicates with the pipe 51. Specifically, the agitating plate 42 includes two modified blades, and each modified blade is provided with an oil groove 422 and a mounting hole, and the two modified blades are fixed. The two oil grooves 422 are combined to form an oil discharge passage, and the rotating shaft is provided in the mounting hole. The rotation shaft is provided with an oil supply hole and an oil discharge hole. The oil supply hole and the oil discharge hole communicate with an oil discharge passage in the rotation shaft, and the oil supply hole is located in the mounting hole. A collection chamber and an oil discharge chamber are provided in the relay sleeve 43, and the collection chamber communicates with the oil discharge chamber. The oil drain passage of the rotary shaft communicates with the collection chamber, the oil drain hole of the rotary shaft is located in the collection chamber, and the oil exhaust chamber communicates with the crank chamber 11 through the oil drain pipe 51. The relay sleeve 43 is integrally formed with the oil tank 3, that is, the relay sleeve 43, the tank body 31, and the engine body 1 are integrally formed, so that the manufacture is simplified.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 12, the cylinder head cover 2 includes a cylinder cover body 21, a rubber pad 22, a breather plate 23, and an oil return plate 24. The cylinder cover body 21, the rubber pad 22, the breather plate 23, and the oil return plate 24 are sequentially stacked and fixed from top to bottom. The cylinder cover body 21 is provided with an exhaust hole 211 communicating with the atmosphere, and the breather plate 23 and the oil return plate 24 are provided with intake holes 231 and 243. An oil dropping hole 233 and an oil dropping column 232 are provided at the square edge of the breather plate 23, and the oil dropping column 232 is provided with a perforation. The oil return plate 24 is provided with an oil return groove 242 and an oil return hole 241, and the oil return hole 241 communicates with the return passage 311 of the oil tank 3. The cylinder cover body 21 and the breather plate 23 form a sedimentation chamber, and the breather plate 23 and the oil return plate 24 form an oil return chamber. When the engine is operated horizontally, the oil gas enters the sedimentation chamber through the intake holes 231 and 243, and then the gas is discharged from the exhaust hole 211. At the same time, the oil mist that enters along with the gas is the oil on the breather plate 23. It flows into the oil return chamber from the drop hole 233. The lubricating oil is located in the oil return chamber, is collected in the oil return groove 242, flows into the return passage 311 through the oil return hole 241, and further flows into the oil tank 3. When the engine is turned upside down, the gas also enters the cylinder head cover 2 through the intake holes 231 and 243 and is then discharged from the exhaust hole 211. The lubricating oil is sucked into the oil return chamber by the oil dropping column 232 and finally flows into the oil tank 3. Similarly, when the engine is tilted in any direction, the lubricating oil is sucked into the oil tank by the oil dropping hole 233 or the oil dropping column 232. The rubber pad has a U shape and is used to control the flow rate of oil gas, and further prevents the lubricating oil from being discharged together with the gas.
In the crank chamber 11, when the rising negative pressure becomes maximum due to the vertical movement of the piston, the pressure in the crank chamber 11 is smaller than the pressure in the oil tank 3. The valve chamber and the valve operating chamber 12 are communicated with the atmosphere through the vent holes of the cylinder head cover 2, and the oil tank 3 is connected to the cylinder head cover 2 through the oil return channel and indirectly communicated with the atmosphere through the cylinder head cover 2. The pressure in the oil tank 3 is smaller than the pressure in the valve operating chamber 12.

The relationship of pressure in each chamber is expressed by the following formula.
Pc <Po <Pv <Pt
Pc is the pressure in the crank chamber 11, Po is the pressure in the oil tank 3, Pv is the pressure in the valve operating chamber 12, and Pt is the pressure in the cylinder head cover 2.

  During the engine operation period, the agitating plate 42 rotates according to the camshaft 123 to agitate the lubricating oil at the bottom of the oil storage chamber to generate oil mist. In this case, when the piston rises, since Pc <Po, the lubricating oil sequentially passes through the agitation, the rotating shaft, the relay sleeve 43, and the drain oil pipe 51, and is sucked into the crank chamber 11 so that the inside of the crank chamber 11 The crankshaft 111 link mechanism is lubricated. At this time, the check valve 131 is off. When the piston descends, the check valve 131 is turned on to connect the crank chamber 11 and the valve chamber. At the same time, the separation performance of the oil gas is improved by the check valve 131, the lubricating oil is flowed into the valve operating chamber 12, each part can be lubricated by the timing belt 122, and a part of the extra lubricating oil is returned to the oil. It returns to the oil storage chamber through the pipe 52. Waste gas in the engine body 1 flows into the cylinder head cover 2 through the intake holes. After the oil gas is separated in the cylinder head cover 2, the gas flows into the air filter and is secondarily used. The lubricating oil is returned to the oil tank 3 through the oil return hole 241 of the cylinder head cover 2 to complete the entire lubricating step. When the engine is turned over or inverted (FIGS. 13 to 15), the bottom oil surface is always lower than the oil hole on the relay sleeve 43, and at the same time, one end of the oil discharge passage on the stirring plate 42 is filled with lubricating oil. The atomized lubricating oil that is located at the portion having the suction is sucked and sequentially enters the cylinder head cover 2 through the oil drain pipe 51, the crank chamber 11, the valve chamber 13, and the valve operating chamber 12. After the oil gas is separated in the cylinder head cover 2, the lubricating oil is sucked into the oil tank 3 through the oil dropping hole 233 or the oil dropping column 232.

  The oil tank 3, the crank chamber 11, the valve operating chamber 12, and the cylinder head cover 2 are sequentially communicated, and the valve operating chamber 12 and the oil tank 3 are directly communicated. A check valve 131 is provided between the crank chamber 11 and the valve operating chamber 12. The check valve 131 is turned on when the pressure in the crank chamber 11 is increased, and is turned off when the pressure is reduced, thereby avoiding the recirculation of the lubricating oil. Due to the pressure pulse in the crank chamber 11, the oil mist generated in the oil tank 3 flows from the oil tank 3 to the crank chamber 11, the valve operating chamber 12, and the oil tank 3 for circulation. When the engine is arbitrarily reversed, the lubricating oil flows into the respective chambers from the oil mist generator and then returns to the oil tank 3 to complete the entire circulation. Lubrication with oil mist can thoroughly lubricate parts compared to the splash lubrication method.

  The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Equivalent structures based on the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention may be used directly or indirectly in other related technical fields, but all should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. .

Claims (8)

A four-cycle engine lubrication system,
An engine body in which a crank chamber and a valve operating chamber are provided;
A cylinder head cover fixed to the engine and communicating with the atmosphere;
Used to store lubricating oil, including an oil tank provided in the engine body and located on one side of the cam, in which an oil mist generating device is provided;
An oil discharge passage of the oil mist generating device communicates an oil tank and a crank chamber through an oil discharge pipe, the crank chamber and the valve chamber communicate with each other through a check valve, and the valve chamber is communicated through the passage. A lubrication system for a four-cycle engine, wherein the lubricating system is connected to an oil tank, the valve chamber is connected to a cylinder head cover, and the cylinder head cover is connected to an oil tank.   The oil mist generating device includes a rotation shaft, a stirring plate, and a relay sleeve. The rotation shaft is rotatably provided on the relay sleeve, and the stirring plate is fixed to the rotation shaft, and rotates with the stirring plate. The shaft is provided with an oil discharge passage, the oil discharge passage of the stirring plate communicates with the oil discharge passage of the rotary shaft, and the oil discharge passage of the rotary shaft is connected to the oil discharge pipe through the relay sleeve. The four-cycle engine lubrication system according to claim 1, wherein:   The stirring plate includes two modified blades, each modified blade is provided with an oil groove, the two modified blades are fixed, and the two oil grooves are combined to form an oil discharge passage. The lubrication system for a four-cycle engine according to claim 2.   The four-cycle engine lubrication system according to claim 2, wherein a collection chamber and an oil discharge chamber are provided in the relay sleeve, and an oil discharge passage of the rotating shaft communicates with the collection chamber.   The four-cycle engine lubrication system according to claim 2, wherein the relay sleeve and the oil tank are integrally formed.   2. The four-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein the oil tank includes a tank body and a tank cover, the tank cover is fixed to the tank body, and the tank body and the engine body are integrally formed. Lubrication system.   The four-cycle engine lubrication system according to claim 1, wherein the engine body further includes a flywheel, and the oil tank is located above the flywheel.   The four-cycle engine lubrication system according to claim 1, wherein the check valve is a diaphragm valve.