JP2018039583A - Unloading conveyor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable an unloading conveyor to move smoothly even when grooves are present in a cargo compartment floor by solving problems in which the one with caster wheels for movement is provided in the unloading conveyor for unloading a large number of loads in the truck cargo compartment, however, particularly when it is a drainboard-shaped floor where cooling grooves are present in the cargo compartment floor like a refrigerated vehicle, the caster wheels fit in the grooves and cannot move smoothly.SOLUTION: The unloading conveyor is configured so as to include roller-shaped wide wheels 24 having a wheel width larger than a wheel diameter as the wheels for movement. A wheel device 20 is provided in which caster-shaped narrow wheels 25 are switched and grounded in addition to the roller-shaped wide wheels 24. The wide wheels 24 are switched with the narrow wheel 25 in accordance with a situation of a floor, and thereby the handling properties of the unloading conveyor 10 can be increased.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to an unloading conveyor used for unloading or loading a large number of loads loaded in, for example, a truck loading chamber or a container.

  The following patent document discloses a technique related to a loading device for loading a load into a cargo compartment of a truck. This conventional loading device is a conveyor that can extend and contract from the rear part to the back part of the truck cargo room, and is connected to the front end of the conveyor and moves between the rear part and the inner part of the cargo room by the extension and contraction operation of the conveyor. It has a trolley. In the conveyor disclosed in Patent Document 1, a loading robot is mounted on a carriage. The loading robot stores a luggage loading operation by teaching in advance. According to such a loading apparatus, it is possible to load a large number of packages in an orderly manner without being unmanned. Moreover, in the conveyor disclosed by patent document 2, the raising / lowering type work platform for an operator to get on a cart and to lift it up and down is provided. According to these conventional unloading conveyors, it is possible to unload a large number of packages in a truck loading room quickly with an unmanned or small number of people.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-15950 Japanese Patent No. 2733013

  However, the conventional unloading conveyor has the following problems to be solved. A conventional unloading conveyor includes legs with casters for moving on a truck bed. There is no problem if the truck bed is a flat floor surface. For example, if the truck is for transporting fresh fish and the cargo room is a freezer (freezer container), the cargo floor will be cool. It is in the shape of a slat with a large number of grooves for the purpose of increasing it. For this reason, conventionally, it has been difficult to smoothly move the conveyor by fitting the caster into the cooling groove portion of the slatted floor surface.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and allows the conveyor to move smoothly in response to various situations of the cargo floor, thereby improving the workability of unloading work or loading work. The purpose is to increase.

  Said subject is solved by each following invention. 1st invention is the unloading conveyor which can be extended-contracted from the rear part of a luggage compartment to the inner part. In the first invention, the unloading conveyor includes a plurality of divided conveyors connected so as to be relatively movable in the expansion and contraction direction. In 1st invention, each division conveyor is equipped with the wheel for moving on the floor surface of a luggage compartment. In the first invention, among the plurality of divided conveyors, at least the wheels of the first divided conveyor at the front end in the expansion / contraction direction are roller-shaped wide wheels having a wheel width larger than the wheel diameter.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, at least the wheels of the first-stage divided conveyor are roller-shaped wide wheels, and even if the floor surface of the luggage compartment is uneven in a scalloped state, the wheels are unlikely to be fitted into the groove portion. Can be moved smoothly. Since at least the first-stage divided conveyor can be moved smoothly, the expansion and contraction operation of the unloading conveyor is smoothly performed, and the workability of the unloading operation or the loading operation can be improved.

  2nd invention WHEREIN: About the wheel of 1st division | segmentation conveyor, 1st invention WHEREIN: The structure which can be grounded to a floor surface by switching a narrow wheel with a wheel diameter larger than a wheel width, and a roller-shaped wide wheel This is an unloading conveyor equipped with a wheel device.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the unloading conveyor is configured such that a wide wheel is used when the floor surface has scallop-shaped irregularities and a narrow wheel is used when the floor surface is flat. Can be performed more quickly and smoothly in accordance with the condition of the cargo floor, and in this respect, the workability of unloading work or loading work can be further enhanced.

  According to a third invention, in the second invention, the wheel device is configured such that a narrow wheel rotates in each of a left and right wheel bracket and a wheel bracket supported rotatably by a lever operation on the left and right leg portions of the divided conveyor. This is an unloading conveyor that is supported freely and has a configuration in which a wide wheel is rotatably supported between left and right wheel brackets.

  According to the third invention, it is possible to easily switch between a state in which the narrow wheel is grounded and a state in which the wide wheel is grounded with respect to the cargo floor.

  4th invention is the unloading conveyor provided with the swing type auxiliary conveyor which can be tilted up and down in the front part of the 1st division | segmentation conveyor in any one invention of 1st-3rd.

  According to the 4th invention, the convenience of the worker who performs the unloading work in the back of the cargo compartment can be achieved. By tilting the auxiliary conveyor downward, the worker can easily transfer the low-position baggage onto the conveyor. On the other hand, by tilting the auxiliary conveyor upward, the worker can easily transfer a load at a high position on the conveyor.

  According to a fifth invention, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, each of the plurality of divided conveyors includes a conveyance belt having an electric motor as a drive source, and the power supply of the electric motor of each divided conveyor is as follows. An unloading conveyor equipped with a rechargeable battery.

  According to 5th invention, the said unloading conveyor can be operated in the place where AC power supply is not prepared. In addition, the unloading conveyor can be operated even during a power failure. Furthermore, the trouble of connecting the power cord to the AC power supply outlet can be omitted, and the power cord does not interfere with the work. In this respect, the workability of the unloading conveyor can be improved.

1 is an overall side view of an unloading conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention. This figure has shown the state which shrunk the unloading conveyor. 1 is an overall side view of an unloading conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention. This figure has shown the state which extended the unloading conveyor. It is a side view of a wheel apparatus. FIG. 4 is a front view of the wheel device, as viewed from (IV) in FIG. 3. It is a top view of a wheel apparatus. It is a right view of a wheel apparatus. This figure shows a state in which the wide wheels are grounded. It is a right view of a wheel apparatus. This figure has shown the state which grounded the narrow wheel.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the unloading conveyor 10 according to the present embodiment can expand and contract between a rear opening and a rear part of a truck loading room, a loading platform or a container (hereinafter simply referred to as a truck loading room T). It has a simple configuration. FIG. 1 shows a state in which it is installed in the truck yard Y in a contracted state. The unloading conveyor 10 includes first to fourth divided conveyors 11 to 14 that are connected to each other so as to be movable in the transport direction (the front-rear direction of the truck loading chamber T, and the left-right direction in FIGS. 1 and 2). Yes.

  The foremost first-stage divided conveyor 11 is supported on a frame 11a having legs 11b on the front, rear, left and right. A frame 12a of the second-stage divided conveyor 12 is supported on the lower surface side of the frame 11a of the first-stage divided conveyor 11 so as to be slidable back and forth. A frame 13a of the third-stage divided conveyor 13 is supported on the lower surface side of the frame 12a of the second-stage divided conveyor 12 so as to be slidable back and forth. On the lower surface side of the frame 13a of the third-stage divided conveyor 13, the frame 14a of the fourth-stage divided conveyor 14 is supported so as to be slidable back and forth. The expansion and contraction operations of the first to fourth stage divided conveyors 11 to 14 can be performed manually by the operator.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the contracted state, the second-stage divided conveyor 12 is stored along the lower surface side of the first-stage divided conveyor 11, and the third-stage divided conveyor 13 is moved along the lower surface side of the second-stage divided conveyor 12. Is stored, and the fourth-stage divided conveyor 14 is stored along the lower surface side of the third-stage divided conveyor 13. The conveyance surface of the first-stage divided conveyor 11 is the highest, and the conveyance surface of the fourth-stage divided conveyor 14 is the lowest. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, the luggage P is lowered from the first-stage divided conveyor 11 one by one and conveyed onto the rear fourth-stage divided conveyor 14.

  The first to fourth stage divided conveyors 11 to 14 are each provided with their own electric motors 11c to 14c as drive sources. The electric motors 11c to 14c are controlled to be started and stopped synchronously. A power supply unit 15 for mounting a battery as a power supply is provided at the front of the first-stage divided conveyor 11. As the battery, for example, a dedicated battery used for a bicycle with an electric assist, which can be charged and used repeatedly is used. The power supply unit 15 includes an inverter. The DC power supply of the battery is converted into three-phase AC by an inverter. An inexpensive three-phase AC motor is used for the electric motors 11c to 14c. The electric motors 11c to 14c use a three-phase alternating current converted by an inverter as a power source. In addition, an inverter can be abbreviate | omitted when using a DC motor for the electric motors 11c-14c.

  The frame 11a of the first-stage divided conveyor 11 includes four leg portions 11b on the front, rear, left and right. The frames 12a to 14a of the second to fourth-stage divided conveyors 12 to 14 are each provided with two left and right leg portions 12b, 13b, and 14b on the rear side. Wheel units 20 for moving the cargo compartment floor surface F or the truck yard Y of the truck cargo compartment T are provided on the leg portions 11b to 13b of the first to third-stage divided conveyors 11 to 13, respectively. However, in the present embodiment, a universal caster 14d that is assumed to move only on the flat floor surface of the track yard Y is attached to the leg portion 14b of the fourth-stage divided conveyor 14.

  A total of four wheel devices 20 of the first to third stage divided conveyors 11 to 13 have the same configuration. The details of the wheel device 20 on the front side of the first stage conveyor 11 are shown in FIG. The wheel device 20 has a configuration in which a roller-type wide wheel 24 and a caster-type narrow wheel 25 can be switched and grounded. A support plate 21 is attached to the front left and right legs 11b so as to project downward. A single shaft portion 22 is supported between the left and right support plate portions 21 so as to be rotatable about the axis. Wheel brackets 23 are integrally provided on the left and right sides of the shaft portion 22. When the shaft portion 22 is rotated around the axis, the left and right wheel brackets 23 are integrally tilted back and forth.

  A wide wheel 24 is supported between the left and right wheel brackets 23 so as to be rotatable about its axis. As the wide wheel 24, a roller-type wheel having a wheel width larger than its outer diameter (wheel diameter) is used. In addition to the wide wheels 24, one narrow wheel 25 is rotatably supported by the left and right wheel brackets 23. The left and right narrow wheels 25 are wheels having a wheel width smaller than the outer diameter, and can be freely changed in direction (traveling direction). The left and right wheel brackets 23 are tilted back and forth by the rotation of the shaft portion 22, thereby switching between a state in which the wide wheel 24 is grounded and a state in which the narrow wheel 25 is grounded.

  The right end portion side of the shaft portion 22 protrudes sideways. A block body 27 is attached to the protruding portion. A switching lever 26 is supported on the block body 27. The switching lever 26 extends upward. By tilting the switching lever 26 back and forth, the shaft portion 22 can be integrally rotated about its axis. For this reason, the wide wheel 24 can be grounded by tilting the switching lever 26 forward as shown in FIG. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, the left and right narrow wheels 25 can be grounded by tilting the switching lever 26 backward.

  The switching lever 26 is supported so as to be tiltable to the left and right via a support shaft 28 with respect to the block body 27. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a compression spring 29 is interposed between the switching lever 26 and the block body 27 below the support shaft 28. The switching lever 26 is urged by the compression spring 29 in a direction tilting leftward about the support shaft 28.

  The right support plate portion 21 is integrally provided with a flange portion 21a projecting sideways. Two engaging recesses 21b and 21c are provided adjacent to the front and rear of the flange portion 21a. By tilting the switching lever 26 back and forth while tilting the switching lever 26 about the support shaft 28, the switching lever 26 enters the front engaging recess 21b and the rear engaging recess 21c. It is possible to switch to the state of entering. The switching lever 26 can be held at the front tilt position or the rear tilt position by entering the front engagement recess 21b or the rear engagement recess 21c. As described above, the switching lever 26 is urged in the direction of entering the engagement recess 21b or the engagement recess 21c (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 4) by the compression spring 29 interposed between the block body 27. ing. For this reason, the switching lever 26 can be tilted to the right against the urging force of the compression spring 29, while the urging force of the compression spring 29 has entered the engagement recess 21b or the engagement recess 21c. Retained.

  By holding the switching lever 26 in the front engaging recess 21b, the wide wheel 24 is held in a grounded state. When the switching lever 26 is held in the engagement recess 21c on the rear side, the left and right narrow wheels 25 are held in a grounded state. In the state in which the wide wheel 24 is grounded, the wide wheel 24 does not fit into the groove portion even if there is a snowboard-like groove portion on the cargo floor surface F of the truck luggage compartment T. The step-division conveyor 11 can be moved smoothly. On the other hand, in the state where the narrow wheels 25 are grounded, the direction can be freely changed and the ground contact area is small. Therefore, the first-stage divided conveyor 11 and the unloading conveyor 10 are, for example, a track yard. A flat floor surface (road surface) such as Y can be easily moved with a smaller force.

  The wheel device 20 configured as described above includes the front and rear legs 11b of the first-stage divided conveyor 11, the rear legs 12b of the second-stage divided conveyor 12, and the rear legs of the third-stage divided conveyor 13. It is provided in a total of four places of the part 13b. As shown in FIG. 2, a wheel device 20 is provided for the legs 11 b, 12 b, 13 b that extend the unloading conveyor 10 and enter the truck bed T. For the rearmost leg portion 14b remaining on the track yard Y, only the universal caster 14d corresponding to the narrow wheel 25 is provided.

  An auxiliary conveyor 30 is provided at the front of the first stage conveyor 11. The auxiliary conveyor 30 is a swing type that can tilt up and down. The auxiliary conveyor 30 operates by receiving the power distribution of the electric motor 11c of the first-stage divided conveyor 11. However, the auxiliary conveyor 30 may be configured to operate using a unique electric motor as a drive source. A gas spring 31 is interposed between the auxiliary conveyor 30 and the front leg 11 b of the first stage divided conveyor 11. By receiving the weight of the auxiliary conveyor 30 by the gas spring 31, the auxiliary conveyor 30 can be easily rotated upward with a smaller force, and conversely, it can be slowly and gently rotated downward.

  The gas spring 31 has a built-in brake 31a. The expansion / contraction position (stroke amount) of the gas spring 31 can be locked at an arbitrary position by the built-in brake 31a. By locking the expansion / contraction position of the gas spring 31 at an arbitrary position, the auxiliary conveyor 30 can be locked at an arbitrary tilting position in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 3, a brake release lever 32 for releasing the built-in brake 31 a of the gas spring 31 is provided on the lower surface of the front portion of the auxiliary conveyor 30. The brake release lever 32 is linked to the built-in brake 31a via a wire 33. When the brake release lever 32 is operated to be released, the built-in brake 31a is released and the gas spring 31 becomes extendable. In this brake release state, the auxiliary conveyor 30 is stored in a lower storage position with its own weight surpassing the urging force of the gas spring 31.

  The auxiliary conveyor 30 is positioned at a horizontal position (position shown in FIG. 3) with its conveying surface flush with the conveying surface of the first-stage divided conveyor 11, and the gas spring 31 is locked to lock the auxiliary conveyor 30. The auxiliary conveyor 30 is held in a horizontal position. The auxiliary conveyor 30 can be held at an arbitrary tilting position between the horizontal position shown in FIG. 3 and a storage position (position shown in FIG. 1) rotated about 90 ° downward from the horizontal position. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the auxiliary conveyor 30 is moved from the horizontal position to a position inclined about 30 ° downward.

  By holding the auxiliary conveyor 30 in the horizontal position, the operator can easily transfer the load at a high position onto the auxiliary conveyor 30 while standing. By locking the auxiliary conveyor 30 at a position inclined downward by about 30 ° as shown in FIG. 2, for example, the operator lifts the cargo P at a low position in the truck luggage compartment T by a short distance and lifts the auxiliary conveyor 30. 30 can be easily transferred.

  The conveyor belts of the first to fourth divided conveyors 11 to 14 and the auxiliary conveyor 30 are resin belts (plastic modular belts) in which a large number of resin pieces are connected in the transport direction via rods, and transport with less meandering. A belt is used. However, instead of the modular belt, a more general flat belt may be used.

  According to the unloading conveyor 10 configured as described above, smooth movement can be realized by selecting wheels according to the state of the floor surface to be moved (loading room floor surface F). The handling property and operability of the unloading conveyor 10 can be improved. For example, by switching the illustrated wheel device 20 to ground the roller-shaped wide wheel 24, even if there is a recess such as a cooling groove on the cargo compartment floor F of the truck cargo compartment T, the wide wheel 24 can be rolled on the cargo compartment floor surface F without being fitted into the groove (concave portion), whereby the first to fourth-stage divided conveyors 11 to 14 can be smoothly moved into the truck cargo compartment T. It can be made to enter, and can be made to exit from inside the truck luggage compartment T.

  By switching the wheel devices 20 of the first-stage to fourth-stage divided conveyors 11 to 14 to narrow wheels 25 having a smaller ground contact area, a flat road surface such as the truck yard Y can be easily moved with a small force. be able to. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, in the state where the first-stage to fourth-stage divided conveyors 11 to 14 are overlapped and contracted, the unloading is performed by switching all the wheel devices 20 to the narrow wheels 25. The conveyor 10 can be moved easily.

Switching between the wide wheel 24 and the narrow wheel 25 can be easily performed by tilting the switching lever 26.

  Further, according to the illustrated unloading conveyor 10, the swing type auxiliary conveyor 30 is provided in the front portion of the first-stage divided conveyor 11. By appropriately changing the inclined position of the auxiliary conveyor 30, the operator can easily transfer the load P at the high position and transfer the load P at the low position.

  Furthermore, according to the illustrated unloading conveyor 10, since the rechargeable battery is used as the power source, the unloading conveyor 10 can be operated even outdoors or when a power failure is not provided. Since there is no need to connect a power cord to an AC power supply outlet, the power cord connection can be saved, and the power cord does not interfere with the work. Can be increased.

  Various modifications can be made to the embodiment described above. For example, although the structure which provided the wheel apparatus 20 in a total of four places about the 1st stage-the 3rd stage division | segmentation conveyors 11-13 was illustrated, at least one place of the leg part 11b of the front side of the 1st stage division conveyor 11 is attached, and a wheel is provided. It is good also as a structure which provides the apparatus 20 and attaches a narrow caster about leg part 11b, 12b, 13b, 14b behind it. At least the roller-shaped wide wheel 25 is grounded as a front wheel of the first-stage divided conveyor 11 so that the unloading can be performed by smoothly moving on the slat-like cargo compartment floor surface F in which grooves for cooling or the like exist. The expansion and contraction operation of the conveyor 10 can be performed quickly, and thereby the workability of unloading work or loading work can be improved.

  In addition, the wheel device 20 that can switch between the roller-shaped wide wheel 24 having a wheel width larger than the wheel diameter and the caster-shaped narrow wheel 25 having a wheel width smaller than the wheel diameter has been exemplified. It is good also as a wheel apparatus which has only the wheel 24 and does not perform switching which was illustrated.

  Furthermore, although the wheel apparatus 20 which has one wide wheel 24 about each between the left-right leg parts 11b, 12b, and 13b was illustrated, it is good also as a structure which arrange | positions two or three or more wide wheels coaxially. Even if it is the structure which concerns, the same effect is acquired by each wide-wheel being a roller-shaped wheel which is so wide that a wheel width is not fitted in the cooling groove | channel etc. of the luggage compartment floor surface F rather than a wheel diameter. be able to.

  The unloading conveyor 10 that is expanded and contracted to a total of four stages has been illustrated, but the switchable wheel device illustrated for the unloading conveyor having only one stage that does not have an expansion / contraction function or the unloading conveyor having five or more divided conveyors. 20 can be applied.

  Although a DC power supply type (cordless) using a rechargeable battery as a power source has been illustrated, for example, an AC power supply type using a three-phase 200V AC power supply as a power supply, or both may be used as a power supply.

Y: truck yard T ... truck compartment F ... cargo compartment floor P ... luggage 10 ... unloading conveyor 11 ... first stage divided conveyor 11a ... frame, 11b ... leg part, 11c ... electric motor 12 ... second stage divided conveyor 12a ... Frame, 12b ... Leg part, 12c ... Electric motor 13 ... Third stage divided conveyor 13a ... Frame, 13b ... Leg part, 13c ... Electric motor 14 ... Fourth stage divided conveyor 14a ... Frame, 14b ... Leg part, 14c ... Electric motor, 14d ... Swivel caster 15 ... Power supply part 20 ... Wheel device 21 ... Support plate part 21a ... Flange part, 21b, 21c ... Engaging recess 22 ... Shaft part 23 ... Wheel bracket 24 ... Wide wheel 25 ... Narrow wheel 26 ... switching lever 27 ... block body 28 ... support shaft 29 ... compression spring 30 ... auxiliary conveyor 31 ... gas spring, 31a ... built-in brake 32 ... brace Release lever 33 ... wire

Claims (5)

An unloading conveyor that can extend and contract from the rear part to the back part of the cargo room, and includes a plurality of divided conveyors that are connected to be movable relative to each other in the expansion and contraction direction. An unloading machine comprising wheels for moving, and among the plurality of divided conveyors, at least the wheel of the first divided conveyor at the front end in the telescopic direction is a roller-shaped wide wheel whose wheel width is larger than the wheel diameter. Conveyor. 2. The unloading conveyor according to claim 1, wherein the wheels of the first-stage divided conveyor are switched between a narrow wheel having a wheel diameter larger than a wheel width and a roller-shaped wide wheel to contact the floor surface. Unloading conveyor equipped with possible wheel devices. 3. The unloading conveyor according to claim 2, wherein the wheel device includes a wheel bracket rotatably supported by a lever operation on left and right legs of the division conveyor, and the width of each of the left and right wheel brackets. An unloading conveyor in which narrow wheels are rotatably supported and the wide wheels are rotatably supported across the left and right wheel brackets. The unloading conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the unloading conveyor includes a swing-type auxiliary conveyor that can tilt up and down at a front portion of the first-stage divided conveyor. The unloading conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the plurality of divided conveyors includes a conveyor belt having an electric motor as a drive source, and the electric motors of the divided conveyors. Unloading conveyor equipped with a rechargeable battery as a power source.

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