JP2018028655A - 光学スイッチデバイス - Google Patents
光学スイッチデバイス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018028655A JP2018028655A JP2017121168A JP2017121168A JP2018028655A JP 2018028655 A JP2018028655 A JP 2018028655A JP 2017121168 A JP2017121168 A JP 2017121168A JP 2017121168 A JP2017121168 A JP 2017121168A JP 2018028655 A JP2018028655 A JP 2018028655A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- switch
- optical switch
- switch device
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 209
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- FNQJDLTXOVEEFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2SN=NC2=C1 FNQJDLTXOVEEFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 2
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- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005964 Acibenzolar-S-methyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930192627 Naphthoquinone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DPOPAJRDYZGTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=N1 DPOPAJRDYZGTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnamic acid group Chemical class C(C=CC1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/007—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements the movable or deformable optical element controlling the colour, i.e. a spectral characteristic, of the light
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3028—Cyclohexane rings in which at least two rings are linked by a carbon chain containing carbon to carbon single bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/58—Dopants or charge transfer agents
- C09K19/586—Optically active dopants; chiral dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/58—Dopants or charge transfer agents
- C09K19/586—Optically active dopants; chiral dopants
- C09K19/588—Heterocyclic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/60—Pleochroic dyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/60—Pleochroic dyes
- C09K19/601—Azoic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/60—Pleochroic dyes
- C09K19/603—Anthroquinonic
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13731—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition
- G02F1/13737—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition in liquid crystals doped with a pleochroic dye
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
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- E06B2009/2417—Light path control; means to control reflection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
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- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B2009/2464—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B2009/247—Electrically powered illumination
-
- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/04—Materials and properties dye
- G02F2202/043—Materials and properties dye pleochroic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/04—Materials and properties dye
- G02F2202/046—Materials and properties dye fluorescent
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
・偏光層と、および
・偏光層に平行に配置され、少なくとも1種類の二色性色素を含む液晶材料を含むスイッチ層であって、ただしスイッチ層は、スイッチ層を通る低い透過を有する暗スイッチ状態およびスイッチ層を通る高い透過を有する明スイッチ状態を有するスイッチ層と
を含む光学スイッチデバイスに関し、
ただし少なくとも1種類の二色性色素の吸収主軸に平行に偏光された光について、デバイスの暗スイッチ状態におけるスイッチ層のEN410規格に従う光透過率τvは5%未満である。
・偏光層
・好ましくはガラスまたはポリマーを含む基板層
・好ましくはITOを含む導電性透明層
・配向層
・液晶材料および少なくとも1種類の二色性色素を含むスイッチ層
・配向層
・好ましくはITOを含む導電性透明層
・好ましくはガラスまたはポリマーを含む基板層。
・偏光層
・好ましくはガラスまたはポリマーを含む基板層
・好ましくはITOを含む導電性透明層
・配向層
・液晶材料および少なくとも1種類の二色性色素を含むスイッチ層
・配向層
・好ましくはITOを含む導電性透明層
・好ましくはガラスまたはポリマーを含む基板層
であり、
ただし偏光層は、光源に向かって、特に太陽に向かって外側に面している。
液晶化合物の構造は、略語(頭字語)によって再現される。使用した略語については、国際公開第2012/052100号、第63〜89頁の説明を参照されたい。
M1:0.47重量%のD1、1.03重量%のD2および0.892重量%のD3を含むH1、
M2:0.6重量%のD4、0.3重量%のD5、1.0重量%のD6、1.5重量%のD7および1.5重量%のD8を含むH1。
本発明によるデバイスは、以下の一般的な層順序を有する:
a0)ITOS XP40HT偏光子フィルム
a)10nm未満のレターデーションを有する125μmのポリカーボネートを含むポリマー層
b)インジウム亜鉛酸化物(ITO)層、200オングストローム
c)JSR社製ポリイミドAL−1054配向層、300オングストローム
d)スイッチング層、厚さ10μm
e)はc)の通り
f)はb)の通り
g)をa)の通り。
E1:混合物M1を含むスイッチ層、90°ツイスト
E2:混合物M1を含むスイッチ層、0°ツイスト
E3:混合物M2を含むスイッチ層、0°ツイスト。
a)スイッチ層の光透過率τv暗の決定
光透過率τv暗は、標準光源の相対スペクトル分布および標準観察者のスペクトル輝度感度を考慮して測定されたスペクトル透過率から、欧州規格EN410、式(1)(板ガラスの視感および太陽特性の決定)に従い決定される。デバイスの暗スイッチ状態における二色性色素の吸収主軸に平行に偏光された光のためのデバイスのスイッチ層の透過率τvを測定する。
この目的のために、光透過率を計算するために偏光子を有する完成デバイスを通った光の通過後の強度が決定され(分子)、これらを偏光子を有さず色素を有さないデバイスを通った強度と比較することが異なるa)の通りの手順に従う。
波長の関数としての透過率を、極角θおよび方位角φの組の種々の値のそれぞれの場合で、デバイスE1〜E3について決定する。ここでスペクトル透過率は、光がデバイスを通過する角度とは実質的に無関係であることが見出される。これは広い波長範囲に関連する。よってデバイスは、観察者が異なる視野角から観察する場合、観察者にとって望ましくない色を有さない。更なる利点は、デバイスが暗スイッチ状態にスイッチされる場合に、デバイスが広い範囲の通過角に対して光を効果的に遮断することである。
2)で得られたデバイスを大きな半径を有する2個の時計皿の間にそれらを固定し、それらを時計皿に接触させてその湾曲をとるように時計皿に対して押し付けることによって湾曲形状に変換する。
デバイスを層a)およびb)の代わりに、下に示す層a’)およびb’)の層を有する点においてのみ異なる2)で上に示す通り製造する:
a’)コーニング社製、1.1mmのソーダライムガラスを含むガラス層
b’)ITO層、200オングストローム。
Claims (17)
- ・偏光層と、および
・偏光層に平行に配置され、少なくとも1種類の二色性色素を含む液晶材料を含むスイッチ層であって、ただしスイッチ層は、スイッチ層を通る低い透過を有する暗スイッチ状態およびスイッチ層を通る高い透過を有する明スイッチ状態を有するスイッチ層と
を含む光学スイッチデバイスであって、
ただし少なくとも1種類の二色性色素の吸収主軸に平行に偏光された光について、デバイスの暗スイッチ状態におけるスイッチ層のEN410規格に従う光透過率τvは5%未満である光学スイッチデバイス。 - 層順序:
・偏光層
・基板層
・導電性透明層
・配向層
・少なくとも1種類の二色性色素を含む液晶材料を含むスイッチ層
・配向層
・導電性透明層
・基板層
を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。 - 1層のみの偏光層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。
- 偏光層は、共通の固定された空間的配向を有する1種類以上の異なる有機色素化合物を含む材料から形成されることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。
- 偏光層は、光を直線偏光することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。
- 光を直線偏光する偏光層の吸収軸は、スイッチ層の暗スイッチ状態において少なくとも1種類の二色性色素の吸収主軸に対して、70°〜110°の角度で配置されることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。
- スイッチ層を取り囲む2層の配向層の配向方向は、0°〜270°の角度を囲むことを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。
- スイッチ層は、2および15μmの間の厚さを有することを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。
- デバイスの少なくとも一方のスイッチ状態において、スイッチ層の液晶材料の分子は平面態様でツイストしており、
ただしスイッチ層の厚さ全体にわたって、ツイストは30°および360°の間の値を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。 - スイッチ層の少なくとも1種類の二色性色素は、蛍光性であることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。
- スイッチ層の少なくとも1種類の二色性色素は、アゾ化合物類、アントラキノン類、ベンゾチアジアゾール類、ジケトピロロピロール類およびリレン類から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。
- 偏光層に隣接する基板層は、ポリマーから成ることを特徴とする請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。
- 空間内で湾曲していることを特徴とする請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。
- 1層以上の基板層を含むこと、および
スイッチ層の観点から考慮して、偏光層および次の基板層の間の接着層および接着フィルムから選択される層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイス。 - 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイスを含有することを特徴とする建物、容器または車両用の窓。
- 環境から空間内への太陽光の通過を制御するための、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の光学スイッチデバイスの使用。
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