JP2018028520A - Characteristic testing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a characteristic testing device capable of not only easily changing temperature of an ultralow temperature region to predetermined temperature of a medium temperature region in short time but also switching a temperature operation mode from rising and falling temperature to steady temperature promptly or without temperature fluctuation.SOLUTION: A characteristic testing device comprises: a container 3 containing a test piece 2, in which hydrogen gas, hydrogen-containing gas or hydrogen simulated gas circulates or accumulates; hydrogen gas supply means 4 for supplying hydrogen gas, hydrogen-containing gas or hydrogen simulated gas to the inside of the container 3; cooling medium supply means 8 for supplying a cooling medium to at least one cooling flow channel 7 provided at the thick wall part of the container 3; and heating medium supply means 10 for supplying a heating medium to at least one heating flow channel 9 provided at the thick wall part of the container 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a characteristic test apparatus for performing a characteristic test such as a fatigue test of a test piece or a specimen under a compressed gas atmosphere.

  Patent Document 1 listed below discloses a mechanical property test apparatus that performs a mechanical property test of a test piece in a high-pressure gas atmosphere. This mechanical property testing device is loaded with a test piece placed in a high-pressure vessel with high-pressure gas containing hydrogen gas introduced into the high-pressure vessel, and measures the loaded load with a strain gauge. It is a device to do.

  On the other hand, a characteristic test apparatus for performing a characteristic test such as tensile strength and bending strength of a test piece in a hydrogen atmosphere has been filed (Patent Document 2).

JP 2006-349487 A Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-093824

  However, in the conventional mechanical property test apparatus of Patent Document 1, a heater or a cooling means is provided on the outer surface of the high-pressure vessel to change the temperature in the high-pressure vessel. There was a problem of requiring. For this reason, it was difficult to perform a test in an extremely low temperature region such as −80 ° C.

  Moreover, in the characteristic test apparatus of patent document 2, in order to change the temperature in a container by supplying hot water or cold water to the flow path provided in the thickness of the container, the test of a cryogenic region is performed. It was difficult to do.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the problems existing in the prior art as described above. An object of the invention is to provide a characteristic test apparatus capable of performing a test in a cryogenic region.

  In order to achieve the above object, a characteristic test apparatus according to the present invention is a characteristic test apparatus for testing characteristics of a test piece or specimen exposed to a compressed gas atmosphere, and contains the test piece or specimen. And a container through which compressed gas circulates or stores, a medium flow path provided in a thick portion of the container, and a cooling medium supply means for supplying a refrigerant body to the medium flow path. It is characterized by.

  Here, the characteristic test apparatus evaluates characteristics such as mechanical characteristics, physical characteristics, and electrochemical characteristics. The compressed gas refers to a gas that is compressed to an extent that it does not liquefy at room temperature and has a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, and includes high-pressure gas. High-pressure gas refers to compressed gas whose pressure (gauge pressure) is 1 MPa or more at ordinary temperature. The compressed gas includes hydrogen gas, gas containing hydrogen gas, and gas simulating hydrogen gas.

  The medium flow path is provided in a thick portion of a container (including a container main body, a lid, and the like constituting the container), and includes a single or a plurality of flow paths. The medium flow path is dedicated to heating and cooling in the sense that the reaction gas and hydrogen gas do not flow. The container or the inside of the container is cooled by flowing a cooling medium through the medium flow path.

  Here, the refrigerant body refers to a cooling medium used in a characteristic test apparatus for temperature / heat quantity measurement or fuel cell (system) testing. Examples thereof include liquefied nitrogen and liquefied helium. The refrigerant body receives work (compression) from the outside to the medium flow path, so that it continuously absorbs heat from the container that is the low temperature part (object to be cooled) or the inside of the container, and carries this heat to the high temperature part. Release to (external).

  The container or the container body constituting the container, the lid, etc. are made of iron, nickel, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, metal having at least one element of copper or aluminum having higher thermal conductivity than iron, or made of silicon These are made of carbon, on the other hand, those made of a plurality of metal elements or an alloy made of a metal element and a non-metal element, or a combination of structures made of these materials.

  In addition, the characteristic test apparatus according to the present invention may include a heating medium supply unit that supplies a heating medium to the medium flow path. In this case, the medium flow path may flow a heating medium for heating and / or a cooling medium for cooling. For example, a heating medium or a coolant can be flowed through a single medium flow path. The flow path configuration of the medium flow path is, for example, one or a plurality of flow paths formed with circular grooves and circular ribs, a single or a plurality of flow paths configured with a large number of embosses, and a plurality of linear grooves with a manifold. One or a plurality of flow paths configured to be branched and joined, or a single or a plurality of straight flow paths may be mentioned.

  Furthermore, the characteristic test apparatus according to the present invention includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the container or the container, and controls the cooling medium supply unit based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. It is said.

  In the characteristic test apparatus according to the present invention, the specimen is a single cell or a cell stack of a fuel cell, and includes gas supply means for supplying hydrogen gas, hydrogen-containing gas, or hydrogen simulation gas into the container. The gas supply means is characterized in that the hydrogen gas, hydrogen-containing gas, or hydrogen simulation gas flows through the fuel electrode side of the single cell or cell stack.

  According to the characteristic test apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, since the cooling medium supply means is provided, the cryogenic temperature range test can be performed by supplying the coolant to the medium flow path. Play.

  According to the characteristic test apparatus of the second aspect, in addition to the effect exhibited by the characteristic test apparatus of the first aspect, the cooling medium supply means is controlled based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, so that the static temperature can be reduced to a predetermined temperature. There is an effect that it can be determined.

  According to the characteristic test apparatus according to claim 3, in addition to the effect exhibited by the characteristic test apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, the flow rate of hydrogen gas, hydrogen-containing gas or hydrogen simulation gas is changed, or the gas composition is changed. There is an effect that it is possible to perform a test in the case of change.

It is a schematic block diagram of 1st Embodiment which shows an example of the characteristic test apparatus of this invention. It is a principal part enlarged schematic diagram which shows an example of the medium flow path of 1st Embodiment, and one part is abbreviate | omitted and shown. It is a principal part expansion schematic diagram which shows the medium flow path of 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram which shows 3rd Embodiment of the characteristic test apparatus of this invention. It is a principal part expansion schematic diagram which shows an example of the medium flow path of 3rd Embodiment. It is a comparative example at the time of sticking an external heater on the outer surface of a container, and is a graph which shows the actual measurement value of the temperature change of a container. It is a graph which shows the actual value of the temperature fluctuation of the container of a 3rd embodiment.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)

  1 and 2 are diagrams showing an example of the characteristic test apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the entire characteristic test apparatus, and FIG. The characteristic test apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is an apparatus for testing the characteristics of a test piece 2 whose substantially entire surface is exposed to hydrogen gas. The characteristic test apparatus 1 includes a container 3 in which a test piece 2 is accommodated, a hydrogen gas supply means 4 for supplying hydrogen gas supplied into the container 3, and a pressurizing means for pressurizing the hydrogen gas supplied to the container 3. 5, a pressure sensor 6 for detecting the pressure in the container 3, a cooling medium supply means 8 for supplying a coolant to a cooling flow path 7 provided in the thick part of the container 3, and a thick part of the container 3 A heating medium supply means 10 for supplying a heating medium to the provided heating channel 9, a temperature sensor 11 for detecting the temperature in the container 3, a test tool 12 for testing the test piece 2, a refrigerant body, and a heating medium And a control means (not shown) for controlling the temperature and flow rate. When the pressure of the hydrogen gas supply unit 4 is high, the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas supply unit 4 may be decompressed and supplied to the container 3 without providing the pressurizing unit 5.

  The container 3 is made of stainless steel “HRX19” (registered trademark) manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Co., Ltd., has a hollow portion 13, and a lid 15 is provided on the container body 14 so as to be openable and closable. The container main body 14 has a substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom opened upward, and the container main body 14 and the lid body 15 are formed with at least one cooling channel 7 and at least one heating channel 9.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling flow path 7 is formed with circular grooves 16 and circular ribs 17 in the thick portions of the container body 14 and the lid body 15. It can flow along the circular groove 16 formed by the circular rib 17. As a result, the container 3 can be efficiently cooled.

  Although not shown, the heating flow path 9 is located at a position where the distance from the test piece 2 is farther from the cooling flow path 7 in the thick part of the container body 14 and the lid 15 on the outer surface side than the cooling flow path 7. It is provided as follows. The heating channel 9 has substantially the same structure as the cooling channel 7. By supplying a heating medium for heating to the heating channel 9, the heating channel 9 can flow along circular grooves formed by circular ribs. As a result, the container 3 can be efficiently heated.

  On the other hand, the lid body 15 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape opened only downward. When the upper opening of the container main body 14 is closed with such a lid 15, the upper end of the container main body 14 and the lower end of the lid 15 are overlapped via a metal or resin packing 22. . Thereby, the container 3 can be sealed and the hollow part 13 which maintains an airtight state in the container 3 can be formed.

  The hydrogen gas supply means 4 is means for supplying hydrogen to the hollow portion 13, and in the present embodiment, includes a hydrogen cylinder and a hydrogen gas supply path 23. The hydrogen gas supply path 23 is a gas supply path from the hydrogen cylinder to the hollow portion 13 and is connected to the lid 15. Thereby, the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen cylinder is supplied from the upper part of the container 3 to the hollow part 13.

  The pressurizing means 5 is a means for pressurizing the hydrogen gas supplied to the hollow portion 13, and is constituted by a compressor in this embodiment. The compressor 5 compresses hydrogen from a hydrogen cylinder and is controlled based on a pressure detected by a pressure sensor 6 provided in the container 3. The pressure sensor 6 may be provided in the hydrogen gas supply path 23.

  A hydrogen gas exhaust path 24 for removing the hydrogen gas in the hollow portion 13 to the outside is connected to the lid 15 of the container 3. The hydrogen gas exhaust passage 24 is provided with an exhaust valve. By opening and closing the exhaust valve, the inside and outside of the hollow portion 13 can be communicated.

  The cooling medium supply means 8 is means for supplying the refrigerant body 18 (see FIG. 2) to the cooling flow path 7. In this embodiment, the cooling medium tank 25 in which the refrigerant body 18 is stored, and the cooling medium tank 25 A cooling medium pump 26 that supplies the cooling medium 18 to the cooling flow path 7, and a cooling medium supply path 27 that is a supply path of the cooling medium 18 from the cooling medium tank 25 to the cooling flow path 7 via the cooling medium pump 26. It is prepared for.

  The cooling medium tank 25 is provided with a system for cooling the refrigerant body 18 stored therein, whereby the refrigerant body 18 can be stored in the cooling medium tank 25. In the present embodiment, a fluid such as liquid nitrogen is used as the refrigerant body 18. The cooling medium pump 26 is controlled based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11 provided in the container 3.

  The cooling medium tank 25 is connected to one end of the cooling flow path 7 via the cooling medium supply path 27. The cooling medium supply path 27 is branched after being supplied into the container body 14 or the lid body 15. The cooling medium supply path 27 is provided with the above-described cooling medium pump 26 on the upstream side of the branch portion, and the cooling medium pump 26 causes the cooling flow path 7 to pass through the cooling medium supply path 27 from the cooling medium tank 25. The refrigerant body 18 is supplied. The refrigerant body 18 supplied to the cooling flow path 7 is returned into the cooling medium tank 25 via the cooling medium return path 28 connected to the other end of the cooling flow path 7.

  The heating medium supply means 10 is a means for supplying a heating medium to the heating flow path 9. In this embodiment, the heating medium tank 29 in which the heating medium for heating the container 3 and the hollow portion 13 is stored, and the heating medium tank A heating medium pump 30 that supplies the heating medium 29 to the heating flow path 9, and a heating medium supply path 31 that is a heating medium supply path from the heating medium tank 29 to the heating flow path 9 via the heating medium pump 30. It is prepared for.

  The heating medium tank 29 is provided with a heater that heats the heating medium stored therein, whereby the heating medium can be stored in the heating medium tank 29. In the present embodiment, a fluid such as silicone oil is used as the heating medium. The heating medium pump 30 is controlled based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11.

  The heating medium tank 29 is connected to one end of the heating flow path 9 via the heating medium supply path 31. The heating medium supply path 31 is branched after being supplied into the container body 14 or the lid body 15. The heating medium supply path 31 is provided with a heating medium pump 30 on the upstream side of the branch portion. The heating medium pump 30 heats the heating medium tank 29 from the heating medium tank 29 to the heating flow path 9 via the heating medium supply path 31. Medium is supplied. The heating medium supplied to the heating channel 9 is returned to the heating medium tank 29 via the heating medium return path 32 connected to the other end of the heating channel 9.

  The test tool 12 is for evaluating the mechanical characteristics, physical characteristics, electrochemical characteristics, and the like of the test piece 2, and is a fatigue test tool of the test piece 2 in this embodiment. A well-known fatigue test tool 12 is used. For example, the fatigue test tool 12 includes a pair of support shafts 34, 34 extended upward from a pedestal 33 on which the container 3 is provided, a movable member 35 provided on the support shaft 34 so as to be movable up and down, and a movable member 35. The upper gripping member 36 provided and the lower gripping member 37 disposed below the upper gripping member 36 are provided.

  A support shaft 34 is provided on the pedestal 33 so as to be separated to the left and right, and the container 3 described above is provided between the support shafts 34 and 34. The movable member 35 is provided so as to be bridged between the support shafts 34, 34, and can be moved up and down along the support shafts 34, 34 by a hydraulic cylinder. The upper gripping member 36 is provided on the movable member 35 so as to extend downward. When the container 3 is installed on the pedestal 33, the upper gripping material 36 is disposed so as to penetrate the lid 15 vertically. The lower gripping member 37 is provided at the bottom of the container 3 so as to extend upward and is disposed in the hollow portion 13. When the container 3 is installed on the pedestal 33, the upper gripping material 36 and the lower gripping material 37 are arranged so as to correspond to each other vertically.

  The control means includes a central processing unit (CPU), storage means, input / output means, communication means, and display means. In the storage means, data indicating the value of the first set temperature for setting the predetermined temperature in the cryogenic temperature range in advance, and data indicating the value of the second set temperature for setting the predetermined temperature in the intermediate temperature range in advance Is stored. The control means closes the heating medium pump 30 and starts the cooling medium pump 26 before starting the evaluation test of the test piece 2, thereby reaching the cooling flow path 7 from the cooling medium pump 26 through the cooling medium supply path 27. A refrigerant body flow is generated.

  At this time, the control means controls the cooling medium pump 26 based on the detection signal of the temperature sensor 11 so that the temperature of the hollow portion 13 becomes a preset first set temperature value, and at the same time, the cooling medium. The flow rate of the refrigerant body 18 flowing through the supply path 27 is adjusted. The flow rate of the refrigerant body 18 is adjusted, for example, by adjusting the opening degree of the cooling medium pump 26 based on a measurement value of a flow meter provided in the cooling medium supply path 27. In addition, the temperature value of each part of the container 3 and the hollow part 13 and the detection value of the temperature sensor 11 are measured and calibrated in advance so as to be within a predetermined error.

  Then, when the detected temperature of the temperature center 11 indicating the temperature of the hollow portion 13 becomes close to the first set temperature, the evaluation test is started, and the control unit controls the cooling medium pump 26 to detect the temperature sensor 11. Based on the signal, the supply of the refrigerant body 18 is controlled so that the temperature of the hollow portion 13 maintains a value near the first set temperature. Thereafter, when heating is performed until the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11 indicating the temperature of the hollow portion 13 reaches the second set temperature, the control unit opens the heating medium pump 30 to open the heating medium supply path 31 from the heating medium pump 30. Then, a heating medium flow that reaches the heating flow path 9 is generated. At this time, the control means controls the heating medium pump 30 based on the detection signal of the temperature sensor 11 to adjust the flow rate of the heating medium. The flow rate of the heating medium is adjusted, for example, by adjusting the opening degree of the heating medium pump 30 based on a measurement value of a flow meter provided in the heating medium supply path 31.

  Next, the operation of the characteristic test apparatus 1 of this embodiment will be described. First, the test piece 2 is accommodated in the hollow portion 13 of the container 3. In the accommodated state, the upper end portion of the test piece 2 is fixed to the upper gripping member 36, while the lower end portion is fixed to the lower gripping member 37. After accommodating the test piece 2, hydrogen gas is supplied from the hydrogen cylinder to the hollow portion 13 through the hydrogen gas supply path 23. The hydrogen gas supplied to the hollow portion 13 is compressed by the compressor 5. At this time, the compressor 5 performs control so that the detected pressure of the hollow portion 13 is kept constant. When the pressure of the hydrogen cylinder is high, a pressure reducing valve can be used instead of the compressor 5.

  Then, the movable member 35 is moved upward by the hydraulic cylinder while the detection pressure is kept constant, so that the test piece 2 fixed to the two gripping members 36 and 37 is tension-compressed by the hydraulic cylinder, or Tensile-tensile or compression-compression cyclic stresses are applied. The repetitive stress applied to the test piece 2 is measured and controlled as follows.

  The test tool 12 of the present embodiment further includes an operating force detection unit that detects a force from the hydraulic cylinder and a measurement unit that repeatedly calculates a stress based on a detection signal from the operating force detection unit. As the operating force detection means, a load cell in which a strain gauge is attached to a material whose cross-sectional area and longitudinal elastic modulus are measured in advance is effective. This repeated stress is recorded in the measuring means or displayed on the display of the measuring means.

  Such a fatigue test is performed while changing the temperature of the hollow portion 13. For example, the temperature of the hollow portion 13 can be changed from the first set temperature to the second set temperature by the control means, or can be performed while repeatedly changing between the first set temperature and the second set temperature. This is done by the control means controlling at least one or both of the cooling medium pump 26 and the heating medium supply pump 30 based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11.

  For example, when cooling the hollow portion 13 to the first set temperature, the control means operates the cooling medium pump 26 until the actually measured value input by the detection signal of the temperature sensor 11 reaches the value of the first set temperature. Thus, the refrigerant body 18 is supplied to the cooling flow path 7. Here, when the detected value of the temperature sensor 11 is close to the first set temperature, the cooling medium pump 26 may be controlled, or the heating medium supply pump 30 is operated to supply the heating medium to the heating flow path 9. You may let them.

  Further, when the hollow portion 13 is heated to the second set temperature, the heating medium supply pump 30 is operated until the actually measured value input by the detection signal of the temperature sensor 11 reaches the second set temperature value. Is supplied to the heating channel 9. When the temperature approaches the second set temperature, the heating medium supply pump 30 may be controlled, or the cooling medium pump 26 may be operated to supply the refrigerant body 18 to the cooling flow path 7.

  According to the characteristic test apparatus 1 of the first embodiment described in detail above, since the cooling flow path 7 and the heating flow path 9 are provided in the thick part of the container 3, at least one of the cooling flow paths 7 has a container. A cooling medium 18 for cooling 3 can be supplied, and a heating medium for heating the container 3 can be supplied to at least one of the heating flow paths 9. Therefore, when the characteristics of the test piece 2 are tested while supplying hydrogen gas to the test piece 2 while changing the temperature in the container 3 and the container, the container is cooled by a heater or cooling means provided on the outer surface of the container. Or compared with the case where it heats, the temperature in the container 3 and a container can be changed rapidly.

  Conventionally, cooling was performed in a constant temperature room for 24 hours a day. On the other hand, according to the characteristic test apparatus 1 of this embodiment, it can be performed in about several minutes. And, for example, a temperature test for raising and lowering the temperature in a tank of a fuel cell vehicle such as a temperature in a tank of −40 ° C. from 0 MPa to 90 ° C. and 70 MPa for about 3 minutes can be simulated in less than about one week. .

  Further, the control means controls the cooling medium supply means 8 based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11, so that the temperature can be quickly changed to a very low temperature range and can be set to a predetermined temperature. Furthermore, the heating medium supply means 10 is provided, and the heating medium is supplied to the heating flow path 9, whereby the temperature can be changed from a very low temperature range to a predetermined temperature range in a short time. At this time, the control means controls either one or both of the cooling medium supply means 8 and the heating medium supply means 10. Based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11, it is possible to control the presence / absence, amount, or temperature of the supply of the heating medium in the cooling medium 7 and the heating flow path 9. The same applies when changing the temperature from the middle temperature range to the extremely low temperature range.

  And since it is the structure which supplies the refrigerant body 18 to the cooling flow path 7 provided in the thick part of the container 3, and supplies a heating medium to the heating flow path 9, the flow volume of the refrigerant body 18 is increased and the heating medium is increased. By reducing the flow rate, it is possible to decrease the temperature increase rate of the container 3 and the hollow portion 13 or increase the temperature decrease rate. Further, by decreasing the flow rate of the refrigerant body 18 and increasing the flow rate of the heating medium, it is possible to decrease the temperature decrease rate of the container 3 and the hollow portion 13 or increase the temperature increase rate. In this way, it is possible to arbitrarily control the temperature increase / decrease rate.

  That is, the temperature of the hollow portion 13 can be arbitrarily changed between the extremely low temperature range and the middle temperature range. Moreover, the temperature of the container 3 and the hollow part 13 can be kept constant at a predetermined temperature in an extremely low temperature region or an intermediate temperature region. Thus, according to the characteristic test apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the temperature mode can be switched promptly or without temperature fluctuation.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The second embodiment is a modification of the medium flow path of the above embodiment. The medium flow path of this embodiment is composed of a plurality of flow paths constituted by a large number of embossments. The medium flow path includes a cooling flow path 7 and a heating flow path 9. FIG. 3 shows an example of the cooling flow path 7. Only parts different from the first embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the cooling flow path 7 is constituted by a large number of embosses 19, and the refrigerant body 18 flows through the cooling flow path 7 in an infinite length and breadth while colliding with the large number of embosses 19. The container 3 composed of the container body 14 and the lid 15 is quickly cooled by convective heat transfer between the refrigerant body 18 and the emboss and heat conduction of the emboss.

  Although not shown, the heating channel 9 has the same configuration as the cooling channel 7. For this reason, the heating medium flows through the heating flow path 9 indefinitely in the vertical and horizontal directions while colliding with the numerous embosses 19. The container 3 is quickly heated by the convection heat transfer between the heating medium and the emboss and the heat conduction of the emboss.

  According to the characteristic test apparatus 1 of the second embodiment, the cooling that has taken 1 day and night = 24 hours × 60 minutes = 1440 hours so far can be performed in about 3 minutes by using the flow path configuration of the present embodiment. Can be cooled.

(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment in which a specimen of the characteristic test apparatus of the present invention is a unit cell of a fuel cell. The characteristic test apparatus 1 of the third embodiment is basically the same as the characteristic test apparatus 1 of the first and second embodiments. Therefore, in the following description, the differences between the two will be mainly described, and corresponding portions will be described with the same reference numerals. Further, description of matters common to the above-described embodiment is omitted.

  In the characteristic test apparatus 1 of the third embodiment, hydrogen gas is supplied to one surface (one surface) of a unit cell 38 of a fuel cell, which is a specimen, and air is contained on the other surface (one surface) of the unit cell 38. It is an apparatus for testing the characteristics of the unit cell 38 by supplying an oxidant gas. The characteristic test apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment includes a container 3, a hydrogen gas supply unit 4, a pressure adjustment unit 40, an oxidant gas supply unit 42, a cooling medium supply unit 8, and a heating medium supply unit 10. And a temperature sensor 11, an external heater, and control means.

  The container 3 relates to a combination of structures made of a plurality of materials, and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape as a whole. The container 3 has an upper hollow portion 39 and a lower hollow portion 41, a pair of storage plates that are overlapped via the packing 22, and a pair of current collectors made of a conductive material disposed on both outer side surfaces of the storage plate. The present invention relates to a combination of a plate and a pair of stainless steel end plates disposed on both outer side surfaces of a pair of current collector plates, and a plurality of tightening bolts from the both outer side surfaces to the pair of end plates. Thus, a moderate pressure is applied. Of these pairs, one side constitutes the container body 14 and the other side constitutes the lid 15.

  Each of the pair of storage plates is made of substantially rectangular carbon having a predetermined thickness, and has an upper hollow portion 39 on one side and a lower hollow portion 41 on the other side. The unit cell 38 is accommodated here. Each of the pair of storage plates is formed with a gas flow groove and projecting partition walls as means for supplying a reaction gas to the unit cell 38. In the present embodiment, the upper hollow portion 39 exhibits a function for flowing fuel gas, and the lower hollow portion 41 exhibits a function for flowing oxidant gas.

  The current collector plate is made of metal in which a steel plate is gold-plated, and is made of a pair formed thinner than the thickness of the storage plate. One of the pair of current collector plates is provided with a positive electrode terminal, and the other is provided with a negative electrode terminal.

  The end plate contains nickel (Ni) in the range of 12 wt% to 13 wt% based on SUS316, and nitrogen (N) in the range of 0.05 wt% to 0.2 wt%. Made of added stainless steel. The end plates are both formed to be thicker than the wall thickness of the storage plate, are formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and have a pair of configurations. The container 3 is provided with a pair of end plates, thereby preventing bending and warping of the storage plate and the current collector plate disposed on both inner sides.

  The packing 22 is made of a Teflon (registered trademark) sheet having a thickness similar to that of the unit cell 38. When the unit cell 38 is accommodated in the container, the packing 22 made of a Teflon (registered trademark) sheet is provided, whereby the inside of the container in which the unit cell 38 is accommodated is kept airtight.

  At least one cooling channel 7 and at least one heating channel 9 are formed in each of the pair of storage plates constituting the container 3. Further, although not shown, the pair of end plates are each provided with an external heater on the outer surface.

  The hydrogen gas supply means 4 is a means for supplying hydrogen gas to the upper hollow portion 39, and in the third embodiment, is constituted by a hydrogen cylinder and a hydrogen gas supply path 23, and the hydrogen gas is supplied via the pressure adjusting means 40. It is the structure which supplies. The hydrogen gas supply path 23 is connected to the upper hollow portion 39 via an end plate, a current collector plate, and a storage plate constituting the lid body 15, whereby hydrogen gas from the hydrogen cylinder is allowed to flow from the upper portion of the container 3. It is supplied to the upper hollow part 39.

  The pressure adjusting means 40 is a means for adjusting the pressure of the hydrogen gas supplied to the upper hollow portion 39 within a predetermined pressure range, and is constituted by a pressure reducing valve in the third embodiment. The pressure adjusting means 40 is for reducing the pressure of hydrogen from the hydrogen cylinder, and is controlled based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 6 provided in the container 3 or the hydrogen gas supply path 23. In the present embodiment, a hydrogen gas humidifier 43 that humidifies hydrogen gas is provided on the outlet side of the pressure adjusting means 40. Further, a hydrogen gas exhaust path 24 for removing the hydrogen gas in the upper hollow portion 39 to the outside is connected to the end plate, the current collector plate, and the storage plate that constitute the lid 15 of the container 3. The hydrogen gas exhaust passage 24 is provided with an exhaust valve. By opening and closing the exhaust valve, the inside and outside of the upper hollow portion 39 can be communicated.

  The oxidant gas supply means 42 is a means for supplying an oxidant gas containing oxygen to the lower hollow portion 41. In this embodiment, a compressor that compresses and supplies air, and an oxidant from the compressor to the lower hollow portion 41 are provided. It comprises an oxidant gas supply path 45 which is a gas supply path. An oxidant gas humidifier 44 for humidifying the oxidant gas is provided on the outlet side of the oxidant gas supply means 42. The oxidant gas supply path 45 is connected to the lower hollow portion 41 from the compressor via the oxidant gas humidifier 44 through the end plate, the current collector plate, and the storage plate constituting the container body 14. Further, an oxidant gas exhaust path 46 for removing the oxidant gas to the outside is connected to the end plate, the current collector plate, and the storage plate constituting the container body 14. The oxidant gas exhaust path 46 is provided with an exhaust valve. By opening and closing the exhaust valve, the inside and outside of the lower hollow portion 41 can be communicated.

  The cooling medium supply means 8 is for supplying the coolant 18 to the cooling flow path 7 provided in the pair of storage plates. One end of the cooling medium supply path 27 is connected to the cooling flow path 7 of the storage plate in the container, and the other end is connected to the cooling medium tank 25 outside the container. By supplying the refrigerant body 18 to the cooling medium supply path 27 via the cooling medium pump 26, a refrigerant body flow that reaches the cooling flow path 7 occurs.

  The heating medium supply means 10 is for supplying a heating medium to the heating flow path 9 provided in the pair of storage plates. One end of the heating medium supply path 31 is connected to the heating channel 9 in the container, and the other end is connected to the heating medium tank 29 outside the container.

  The container 3 is provided with a temperature sensor 11 and detects the temperature of the container 3, the upper hollow part 39 or the lower hollow part 41. The cooling medium pump 26, the heating medium pump 30 and the external heater are controlled by the control unit based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 11.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the cooling flow path 7 is configured to be branched and joined into a plurality of linear grooves 21 by a manifold 20 provided in a pair of storage plates constituting the container 3. By branching into a plurality of linear grooves 21, the refrigerant body 18 can flow to every corner of the container body 14 and the lid body 15. The effect is the same regardless of whether the number of linear grooves 21 is one or a U-turned serpentine shape. The effect is the same even if the manifold 20 is provided outside the container body 14 or the lid 15.

  Although not shown, the heating channel 9 has the same configuration as the cooling channel 7. By branching into a plurality of linear grooves 21, the heating medium can flow to every corner of the container main body 14 and the lid body 15. The refrigerant body 18 and the heating medium can be allowed to flow through the medium flow paths 7 and 9, and the temperature distribution over the entire container 3 can be made uniform quickly.

  Using the characteristic test apparatus 1 of the third embodiment, it is possible to generate electricity by connecting the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the current collector plate with a conductive material. Moreover, the member which comprises the cell 38 is damaged by changing the humidification temperature of the hydrogen gas humidifier 43 and the oxidizing gas humidifier 44 between high temperature and low temperature. By testing the number of dry and wet cycles until the member breaks, it becomes possible to evaluate the dry and wet cycle resistance of the constituent material of the unit cell 38.

  In the characteristic test apparatus 1 of the third embodiment, the container body 14 and the lid body 15 are arranged to be placed one above the other, but the effect is the same even when the container body 14 and the lid body 15 are arranged vertically. .

[Comparative example]
In the third embodiment described above, only the external heater attached to the end plate which is the outer surface of the container 3 is used without supplying the cooling medium to the cooling flow path 7 and supplying the heating medium 9 to the heating medium 9. Then, the temperature of the container 3 was set to 80 ° C., the humidification temperature of the hydrogen gas humidifier 43 and the humidification temperature of the oxidant gas humidifier 44 were set to 90 ° C., and the temperature of the container 3 was measured. A graph of the measured values is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, although the temperature of the container 3 is set to 80 ° C. based on the detection value of the temperature sensor 11, the measured value (second axis) of the temperature of the container 3 is 80 ° C. to 86 ° C. It turns out that it fluctuates greatly in the temperature range.

[Example]
On the other hand, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4, supply control of the refrigerant body 18 to the cooling flow path 7 and supply control of the heating medium to the heating flow path 9 were performed, and the temperature of the container 3 was measured under the following conditions. A graph of the measured values is shown in FIG.

The actual measurement conditions used in this example are as follows.
The temperature of the container 3 is set to 80 ° C. based on the detection value of the temperature sensor 11, the humidification temperature of the hydrogen gas humidifier 43 and the humidification temperature of the oxidant gas humidifier 44 are set to 90 ° C. The temperature was measured.

  According to the characteristic test apparatus 1 of the above embodiment, as a result of setting the temperature of the container 3 to 80 ° C. based on the detected value of the temperature sensor 11, the measured value of the temperature of the container 3 is in the temperature range of 79 ° C. to 82 ° C. It has changed. The temperature of the container 3 is within a narrow fluctuation range of about ± 1 ° C.

  When the supply of the medium to the medium flow path is controlled, the temperature of the container 3 fluctuates around the set temperature of 80 ° C. as shown in FIG. 7, whereas the medium is not supplied to the medium flow path. As shown in FIG. 6, the temperature of the container 3 is about 84 ° C. as an average temperature despite being set at 80 ° C., which is 4 ° C. higher than the set temperature.

  Further, the temperature fluctuation range of the container 3 when the supply control of the medium to the medium flow path is about 79 ° C. to 82 ° C. as shown in FIG. 7, whereas the medium is supplied to the medium flow path. When not, the temperature fluctuation range of the container 3 is as large as 80 ° C. to 86 ° C. as shown in FIG.

  In this way, by allowing the coolant 18 to flow through the cooling flow path 7 and the heating medium to flow through the heating flow path 9, it becomes easy to settle to the target temperature. In addition, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 which are actual test results show that temperature fluctuation is suppressed to a small level, and the effect of the characteristic test apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is actually verified.

  According to the characteristic test apparatus 1 of the third embodiment, the fuel cell unit cell 38 is used as a specimen, and the temperature rises due to the filling of hydrogen into the hydrogen tank of the fuel cell vehicle in 3 minutes, or a sudden decrease in hydrogen. The material characteristic test can be performed while raising and lowering the temperature at which the hydrogen tank material is exposed, such as a temperature drop due to the consumption of water.

    In addition, the structure of the characteristic test apparatus 1 is not limited to the said embodiment. In the above embodiment, the gas in the compressed gas atmosphere is 100% hydrogen gas. However, the gas is not limited to this, and a gas containing hydrogen gas or a gas simulating water gas is used. Also good. For example, the thing containing water vapor in hydrogen gas, the thing containing water vapor in air, and the thing containing a sulfur content (standard value is 4 ppb) in these are mentioned.

  In addition, the heating medium supplied to the medium flow path in the first to third embodiments may be a two-layer flow of hot water, steam, liquid water, and steam. Also, dowsum A, air, acetone, liquid helium, carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbon, ammonia, alcohol, etc. may be used.

  Furthermore, the container 3 is made of stainless steel in the first and second embodiments, and is related to a combination of structures made of a plurality of materials in the third embodiment, but is not limited thereto. For example, the container 3 is made of a metal containing at least one element of iron, nickel, and chromium, made of copper or copper alloy having superior thermal conductivity than iron, made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, made of carbon, and SUS304. Moreover, it is excellent in hydrogen embrittlement resistance and is equivalent to the nickel equivalent (mass%) of stainless steel JISG4303 SUS31 that can be used for hydrogen stations = 12.6 x C + 0.35 x Si + 1.05 x Mn + Ni + 0.65 x Cr + 0.98 x Mo There may be. The shape of the container 3 has been described as having a substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom or a substantially rectangular shape, but is not limited thereto, and may be, for example, a disk shape.

  Furthermore, the inner surface of the hollow portion 13 may be subjected to a surface treatment excellent in hydrogen embrittlement resistance. The surface treatment may be a coating containing carbon such as diamond-like coating or graphene, or may be a surface treatment such as silicon carbide, carbon nitride, titanium nitride, or aluminum nitride. Nitriding treatment may be performed in which nitrogen is contained near the metal surface.

  In the said 1st Embodiment, although the test tool 12 mentioned what tests the fatigue characteristic of the test piece 2, it is not limited to this at all, For example, tests, such as a tensile characteristic, a bending characteristic, a creep characteristic, etc. It may be what performs. A conventionally well-known thing is used for these test devices.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the hydrogen gas supply path 23 is provided in the lid body 15, but it may be provided in the container body 14, or a plurality of containers may be provided in the container body 14 and the lid body 15.

  Furthermore, the cooling medium supply path 27 may be branched before being connected to the container body 14 or the lid body 15. The heating medium supply path 31 may be branched before being connected to the container body 14 or the lid body 15.

  2, 3, and 5 show an example of the configuration of the cooling flow path 7, and an example of the configuration of the medium flow path has been described. The configuration of the medium flow path is a heat transfer with the supplied medium. The configuration shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5 is not particularly limited as long as the area is increased and the convective heat transfer is increased.

  In Embodiment 3 described above, at least one cooling channel 7 and at least one heating channel 9 are formed in each of the pair of storage plates. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, It may be formed respectively on the pair of end plates, or may be formed on both the pair of storage plates and end plates. The technical idea that can be grasped from this embodiment is shown below.

The following technical idea can be grasped from the above embodiment.
(1) The characteristic test apparatus characterized in that the container contains a metal material in which nickel equivalent (mass%) = 12.6 × C + 0.35 × Si + 1.05 × Mn + Ni + 0.65 × Cr + 0.98 × Mo is 28.5% or more.

  According to the invention described in (1), the hydrogen embrittlement resistance is excellent.

  (2) The container includes a pair of storage plates having a fuel electrode side hollow portion and an air electrode side hollow portion, a pair of current collector plates made of a conductive material disposed on both outer side surfaces of the storage plate, A characteristic testing apparatus comprising a pair of stainless steel end plates disposed on both outer side surfaces of the pair of current collector plates.

In this (2), the characteristic test apparatus containing the following combinations.
(A) a refrigerant supply means for supplying a refrigerant to a cooling flow path provided in either or both of the pair of storage plates;
A characteristic test apparatus comprising: a heating medium supply unit that supplies a heating medium to a heating channel provided in either or both of the pair of storage plates.
(B) Refrigerant body supply means for supplying a refrigerant body to the cooling flow path provided in either or both of the pair of end plates;
A characteristic test apparatus comprising: a heating medium supply means for supplying a heating medium to a heating channel provided in either or both of the pair of end plates.
(C) Refrigerant body supply means for supplying a refrigerant body to a cooling flow path provided in either or both of the pair of storage plates;
A characteristic test apparatus comprising: a heating medium supply means for supplying a heating medium to a heating channel provided in either or both of the pair of end plates.
(D) Refrigerant body supply means for supplying a refrigerant body to the cooling flow path provided in either or both of the pair of end plates;
A characteristic test apparatus comprising: a heating medium supply unit that supplies a heating medium to a heating channel provided in either or both of the pair of storage plates.
(E) The characteristic testing apparatus according to any one of (a) to (d), further comprising heating means including an external heater provided on one or both of the pair of end plates. .

  According to the invention described in (2), the characteristics of the fuel cell can be tested.

  (3) A characteristic test apparatus comprising a control means for controlling the cooling medium supply means, the heating medium supply means and the heating means based on a detection signal of a temperature sensor.

  According to the invention described in (3), appropriate control can be performed accurately and quickly by the combination of the cooling medium supply means, the heating medium supply means and the heating means.

  The present invention is suitably applied to a characteristic test apparatus for evaluating the mechanical characteristics and electrochemical characteristics of a test piece or specimen exposed to a hydrogen environment.

1 characteristic test equipment 2 test piece (test piece or specimen)
3 Container 4 Hydrogen gas supply means 5 Pressurization means 6 Pressure sensor 7 Cooling flow path (medium flow path)
8 Cooling medium supply means 9 Heating channel (medium channel)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Heating medium supply means 11 Temperature sensor 12 Test tool 13 Hollow part 14 Container main body 15 Lid body 16 Circular groove 17 Circular rib 18 Refrigerant body 19 Emboss 20 Manifold 21 Linear groove 22 Packing 23 Hydrogen gas supply path 24 Hydrogen gas exhaust path 25 Cooling medium tank (cooling medium supply means)
26 Cooling medium pump (cooling medium supply means)
27 Cooling medium supply path (cooling medium supply means)
28 Cooling medium return path 29 Heating medium tank (heating medium supply means)
30 Heating medium pump (heating medium supply means)
31 Heating medium supply path (heating medium supply means)
32 Heating medium return path 33 Pedestal 34 Support shaft 35 Movable member 36 Upper gripping member 37 Lower gripping member 38 Single cell (test piece or specimen)
39 Upper hollow part 40 Pressure adjusting means 41 Lower hollow part 42 Oxidant gas supply means 43 Hydrogen gas humidifier 44 Oxidant gas humidifier 45 Oxidant gas supply path 46 Oxidant gas exhaust path

Claims (3)

A characteristic test apparatus for testing the characteristics of a test piece or specimen exposed to a compressed gas atmosphere,
A container in which the test piece or specimen is stored and in which compressed gas is distributed or stored;
A medium flow path provided in the thick part of the container;
A characteristic test apparatus comprising: a cooling medium supply means for supplying a coolant to the medium flow path. A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the container or the container;
The characteristic test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cooling medium supply unit is controlled based on a temperature detected by the temperature sensor. The specimen is a single cell or a cell stack of a fuel cell,
Gas supply means for supplying hydrogen gas, hydrogen-containing gas or hydrogen simulation gas into the container is provided,
3. The characteristic test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply unit causes the hydrogen gas, the hydrogen-containing gas, or the hydrogen simulation gas to flow to the fuel electrode side of the single cell or the cell stack.

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