JP2018015270A - Body rock measuring instrument - Google Patents

Body rock measuring instrument Download PDF

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JP2018015270A
JP2018015270A JP2016148207A JP2016148207A JP2018015270A JP 2018015270 A JP2018015270 A JP 2018015270A JP 2016148207 A JP2016148207 A JP 2016148207A JP 2016148207 A JP2016148207 A JP 2016148207A JP 2018015270 A JP2018015270 A JP 2018015270A
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upper limb
support
sensor
measuring instrument
handrail
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仁 淺井
Hitoshi Asai
仁 淺井
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Kanazawa University NUC
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Kanazawa University NUC
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a body rock measuring instrument which is capable of evaluating the mode of supporting a standing posture by upper limbs in evaluating standing posture balance ability, and has a simple structure.SOLUTION: The instrument comprises: a base; a supporting base bottom disposed on the base via a sensor; and an upper limb support part comprising an upper limb sensor on the supporting base bottom.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は立位バランス能力が低下した患者や高齢者等に対してバランス能力を計測、評価するための身体動揺計測器に関し、特に上肢支持機能を付与した身体動揺計測器に係る。   The present invention relates to a body sway measuring instrument for measuring and evaluating balance ability for patients, elderly people, and the like whose standing balance ability has deteriorated, and more particularly to a body sway measuring instrument provided with an upper limb support function.

立位バランス能力の低下した対象者(被測定者)に対して、バランス能力を分析し、転倒予防トレーニングを行い、その成果を評価する事は重要なことである。
特に脳卒中片麻痺患者では重度の場合、座位姿勢、および立位姿勢の改善を経て、歩行能力の改善へと理学療法を進めることが行われている。
これまでの立位バランスの評価では床反力計やFunctional Reach Testなどが用いられている。
しかし、その対象は自力での立位保持が可能な人に限られており、杖や手すりなどの補助具がないと立位を保てない人たちは、立位バランスについての上肢支持の状態を含めた綿密で客観的な評価はなされてこなかった。
しかも、立位姿勢を介助や補助具なしで保持できない対象者の立位能力の評価は、標準的に用いられている評価スケールであるBerg Balance Scale/BBSでは「0」である。
しかし、上肢の支持を必要とする対象者の立位の安定性は多様であり、「0」という一つの段階で評価できるものではない。
介助や補助具なしで独立した立位を保持できない人たちの中でも立位保持の状態は一様ではなく、上肢での支持の仕方は多様である。
このような上肢支持の多様性は、片麻痺患者の歩行時の上肢支持の状態から考えても理解できよう。
すなわち、平行棒での上肢支持、4点杖、およびT字杖での上肢支持等、患者さんの状態の変化に応じて上肢を支持する対象物を変えている。
このことからすると、介助や補助具なしで独立した立位を保持できない人たちの立位においては、上肢支持を前提とした連続変数による客観的な評価がなされるべきである。
It is important to analyze the balance ability, perform fall prevention training, and evaluate the results of the subject (measured person) whose standing balance ability has decreased.
Particularly in the case of severe hemiplegic stroke patients, physical therapy is promoted to improve walking ability through improvement of sitting posture and standing posture.
In the evaluation of standing balance so far, floor reaction force meters and Functional Reach Test have been used.
However, the target is limited to those who can hold the standing position on their own, and those who cannot maintain the standing position without auxiliary equipment such as walking sticks and handrails are in a state of supporting the upper limbs for standing balance. A thorough and objective evaluation including, has not been made.
Moreover, the evaluation of the standing ability of the subject who cannot hold the standing posture without assistance or assistance is “0” in the Berg Balance Scale / BBS, which is a standard evaluation scale.
However, the stability of the standing position of the subject who needs support of the upper limbs is various, and cannot be evaluated in one stage of “0”.
Even among those who cannot hold an independent standing without assistance or assistance, the standing state is not uniform, and there are various ways to support the upper limb.
Such diversity of upper limb support can be understood from the state of upper limb support during walking of hemiplegic patients.
That is, the object which supports an upper limb is changed according to the change of a patient's state, such as an upper limb support by a parallel bar, a 4-point cane, and an upper limb support by a T-shaped cane.
Based on this, in the standing of those who cannot maintain an independent standing without assistance or assistive devices, an objective evaluation using continuous variables should be made on the premise of upper limb support.

特許文献1には立位でつかまる支持棒に加えられた力を検知する上肢力検知装置と、左右の足から床に加えられた力を検知する床反力検知装置を備えた重心動揺計測装置を開示する。
しかし、同公報に開示する装置は床反力検知装置と上肢検知装置とが、それぞれ独立して設けられているために、手の位置及び足の位置をそれぞれ検知して、それらの関係を演算するための演算装置が必要であることから、構造が複雑で実用的ではない。
Patent Document 1 discloses a center-of-gravity sway measurement device including an upper limb force detection device that detects a force applied to a support rod that is held in a standing position, and a floor reaction force detection device that detects a force applied to the floor from left and right feet. Is disclosed.
However, since the device disclosed in the publication has a floor reaction force detection device and an upper limb detection device independently of each other, it detects the position of the hand and the position of the foot, and calculates the relationship between them. Therefore, the structure is complicated and not practical.

特開2003−319922号公報JP 2003-319922 A

本発明は、立位バランス能力の評価において上肢による立位支持の様態も評価可能であり、構造が簡易である身体動揺計測器の提供を目的とする。   It is an object of the present invention to provide a body sway measuring instrument that can evaluate the standing support by the upper limb in the evaluation of the standing balance ability and has a simple structure.

本発明に係る身体動揺計測器は、ベース部と、前記ベース部の上にセンサーを介して配置した支持基底部と、前記支持基底部の上に上肢センサーを有する上肢支持部とを、備えたことを特徴とする。   The body motion measuring instrument according to the present invention includes a base, a support base disposed on the base through a sensor, and an upper limb support having an upper limb sensor on the support base. It is characterized by that.

ここで、バランス能力を評価する対象者は支持基底部の上に乗り、手で上肢支持部につかまることができる。
本発明においては、計測する対象者が乗る支持基底部をセンサーを介してベース部に重ねるように設置してあることから、下肢での荷重、上肢での荷重を同一面内位での圧中心の移動(動揺)として計測できる。
Here, the subject who evaluates the balance ability can ride on the support base and can be held by the upper limb support by hand.
In the present invention, since the support base part on which the subject to be measured rides is placed so as to overlap the base part via the sensor, the load on the lower limb and the load on the upper limb are centered in the same plane. It can be measured as movement (sway) of

ここでセンサーは、圧中心の左右及び前後方向の移動を計測できれば、どのような構造でもよい。
例えば、ベース部と支持基底部との間に設けたセンサーは、三角形に配置した3点センサーであってもよい。
少なくとも3点あれば左右,前後の動揺を計測できる。
センサーとしては、垂直力を検出するロードセルが例として挙げられる。
Here, the sensor may have any structure as long as the movement of the pressure center in the left-right and front-back directions can be measured.
For example, the sensor provided between the base portion and the support base portion may be a three-point sensor arranged in a triangle.
If there are at least three points, it is possible to measure left and right, back and forth sway.
An example of the sensor is a load cell that detects vertical force.

本発明において、上肢支持部は、手で把持するための手すり部を有し、前記手すり部は、支柱部を用いて前記支持基底部に立設してあり、前記支柱部に前記上肢センサーを取り付けてあるである態様が例として挙げられ、前記上肢支持部は前記支持基底部に対して高さ調整又は取り外し可能に設けてあってもよい。
また、この手すり部を右手で把持するための右手すり部と、左手で把持するための左手で把持するための左手すり部に別けて設けてもよい。
対象者は、立位姿勢を保持しようとする場合、下肢だけでは不充分の場合に上肢で体重の一部を支えることになる。
この場合にバランスが崩れると、上記手すり部を引っ張ったり、押したりすることもある。
そこで、本発明における上肢センサーは、3軸方向の力を計測できるのが好ましい。
例えば、3軸ロードセル,あるいは垂直荷重ロードセルに水平2軸方向の歪みゲージを組み合せてもよい。
In the present invention, the upper limb support part has a handrail part for grasping by hand, the handrail part is erected on the support base part using a support part, and the upper limb sensor is attached to the support part. For example, the upper limb support portion may be provided so as to be height-adjustable or removable with respect to the support base portion.
Further, the handrail portion may be provided separately from a right handrail portion for gripping with a right hand and a left handrail portion for gripping with a left hand for gripping with a left hand.
When the subject wants to hold a standing posture, the upper limb supports a part of the body weight when the lower limb alone is insufficient.
In this case, if the balance is lost, the handrail part may be pulled or pushed.
Therefore, it is preferable that the upper limb sensor in the present invention can measure a force in three axial directions.
For example, a strain gauge in the horizontal biaxial direction may be combined with a triaxial load cell or a vertical load load cell.

本発明においては、計測された全体の圧中心の動揺軌跡を等倍で表示するモニターを備えてもよい。
このようにすると、対象者が自分の動きをそのまま実際の動きとして認識できる。
In this invention, you may provide the monitor which displays the fluctuation locus | trajectory of the measured whole pressure center by equal magnification.
In this way, the target person can recognize his / her movement as it is as an actual movement.

本発明は、上肢で体を支えた際の力を上肢センサーで計測しつつ、全体を支持基底部を介して、この支持基底部とベース部との間に設けたセンサーで計測できるので、構造が簡単でありながら独立して立位を保持できない対象者に対しても、上肢支持を前提とした連続変数による客観的な評価が可能になる。   In the present invention, the force when the body is supported by the upper limb can be measured by the upper limb sensor, and the whole can be measured by the sensor provided between the support base and the base through the support base. This makes it possible to objectively evaluate subjects with continuous variables on the premise of supporting the upper limbs even for subjects who are simple but cannot maintain their standing position independently.

本発明に係る身体動揺計測器の構成例(実施例1)を示す。The structural example (Example 1) of the body sway measuring device which concerns on this invention is shown. 手すり部が1つである場合の構成例(実施例2)を示す。The structural example (Example 2) in case there is one handrail part is shown.

本発明に係る身体動揺計測器の構造例を以下図面に基づいて説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されない。   Although the structural example of the body sway measuring instrument which concerns on this invention is demonstrated based on drawing below, this invention is not limited to this.

図1に実施例1を示す。
図1(b)は計測する対象者が計測器に乗った状態の前面図を示し、図1(c)はその側面図を示す。
図1では、対象者の立場から見て、フロント側を<F>,右側を<R>,左側を<L>とそれぞれ表示した。
Example 1 is shown in FIG.
FIG.1 (b) shows the front view of the state in which the measuring subject got on the measuring device, and FIG.1 (c) shows the side view.
In FIG. 1, from the viewpoint of the subject, <F> is displayed on the front side, <R> is displayed on the right side, and <L> is displayed on the left side.

本発明に係る身体動揺計測器は、ベース部11の上に垂直力(垂直荷重)を検知するために、ロードセルからなるセンサーを取り付け、その上に支持基底部12を重ねるように配置した。
実施例1では、フロントセンサーS,右センサーS,左センサーSを三角形状に配置した3点センサーとなっている。
支持基底部12は、計測する対象者が乗る部分であり、左右の足を乗せる位置を図1(a)にマーク1,2にて表示してある。
In order to detect a vertical force (vertical load) on the base portion 11, the body sway measuring instrument according to the present invention is provided with a sensor composed of a load cell and disposed so that the support base portion 12 is overlaid thereon.
In the first embodiment, the front sensor S F , the right sensor S R , and the left sensor SL are three-point sensors arranged in a triangular shape.
The support base 12 is a portion on which the subject to be measured rides, and the positions where the left and right feet are put are indicated by marks 1 and 2 in FIG.

支持基底部12の上には、右手で掴まるためのR上肢支持部14と、左手で掴まるためのL上肢支持部13を立設してある。
L,R上肢支持部は、それぞれ円弧状の左手すり部13a,右手すり部14aを前後の支柱部(13b,13c)、(14b,14c)の上部に連結してある。
また、各支柱部の手すり部の直下に3軸方向(X,Y,Z)の力を計測できる3軸センサーを上肢センサーS〜Sとして取り付けてある。
なお、左右前後方向の2軸の力は、歪みゲージに置き換えてもよい。
このように上肢支持部を左右に分割し、それぞれの支柱部に左右X方向,前後Y方向,上下Z方向の3軸方向の上肢センサーを取り付けたことにより、左右のそれぞれの手で体を支える荷重を別々に計測でき、且つ前後及び左右方向の分力も計測できる。
この3軸センサーを取り付ける位置に制限はない。
On the support base portion 12, an R upper limb support portion 14 for holding with the right hand and an L upper limb support portion 13 for holding with the left hand are erected.
In the L and R upper limb support portions, arc-shaped left handrail portion 13a and right handrail portion 14a are connected to the upper portions of front and rear support columns (13b, 13c) and (14b, 14c), respectively.
In addition, three-axis sensors that can measure forces in the three-axis directions (X, Y, Z) are attached as upper limb sensors S 1 to S 4 directly below the handrails of the support columns.
Note that the biaxial force in the left-right and front-rear directions may be replaced with a strain gauge.
In this way, the upper limb support part is divided into left and right, and the upper and lower limb sensors in the left and right X direction, the front and rear Y direction, and the vertical Z direction are attached to the respective support parts, thereby supporting the body with the left and right hands. The load can be measured separately, and the component force in the front-rear and left-right directions can also be measured.
There is no restriction on the position to attach this 3-axis sensor.

立位バランス能力を計測する対象者は、支持基底部12の上に乗り、左右の両手でそれぞれ左右の手すり部13a,14aに掴まる。
本発明においては、ベース部11の上に設けた3点センサーを介して支持基底部12を配置し、支持基底部12から左右のL,R上肢支持部13,14を分割して立設し、それぞれに上肢センサーS〜Sを取り付けたことにより、下肢での荷重,上肢での荷重を同一面内位での圧中心の動揺として測定できる。
また、上肢センサーS〜Sにて、左右の手で体を支えるそれぞれの分力も測定できる。
この測定の際に、全体の圧中心の動揺の動き(動揺軌跡)や、上肢で体を支える分力、及び方向等を液晶モニターで表示されるようになっている。
ここで、動揺軌跡の軌跡長は等倍で表示するようにするのが好ましい。
等倍にすると、対象者がモニター上で実際の大きさをそのまま認識できる。
The subject who measures the standing balance ability rides on the support base 12 and is gripped by the left and right handrails 13a and 14a with both left and right hands.
In the present invention, the support base 12 is disposed via a three-point sensor provided on the base 11, and the left and right L and R upper limb support parts 13, 14 are divided and erected from the support base 12. By attaching the upper limb sensors S 1 to S 4 to each, the load on the lower limbs and the load on the upper limbs can be measured as fluctuations of the pressure center in the same plane.
Further, at the upper limb sensors S 1 to S 4, each component force that supports the body with left and right hands it can also be measured.
At the time of this measurement, the movement of the whole pressure center (sway trajectory), the component force supporting the body with the upper limbs, the direction, and the like are displayed on the liquid crystal monitor.
Here, the trajectory length of the wobbling trajectory is preferably displayed at the same magnification.
When the same magnification is used, the subject can recognize the actual size as it is on the monitor.

対象者の身長や立位バランス能力に合せて、左右の手すり部13a,14aの高さ調整が可能であり、あるいは左右の上肢支持部を取り外し可能にしてあってもよい。   The height of the left and right handrail portions 13a, 14a can be adjusted in accordance with the height and standing balance ability of the subject, or the left and right upper limb support portions may be removable.

図2に本発明に係る身体動揺計測器の実施例2を示す。
本実施例は、上肢支持部を1つに簡略化した例であり、例えば杖のように上肢支持部113を設けた例である。
実施例1と共通する部分は、同じ符号を付してあり、詳細な説明は省略する。
本実施例は、支持基底部12の上から計測する対象者の右側に位置するように支柱部113bを立設し、その上端部に手すり部113aを設けた例である。
この場合も手すり部は、高さ調整可能になっている。
支柱部113bには、上肢センサーとして3軸センサーSを取り付けてある。
この場合に対象者は、右手で上肢を支えるように立位姿勢をとることになるので、ベース部11と支持基底部12との間のセンサーは、右側サイド部のセンサーSと、左側サイド部の前後のセンサーS,Sからなる3点配置にしてある。
FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the body sway measuring instrument according to the present invention.
The present embodiment is an example in which the upper limb support portion is simplified to one, and is an example in which the upper limb support portion 113 is provided like a cane, for example.
Portions common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
The present embodiment is an example in which a support column 113b is erected so as to be positioned on the right side of the subject to be measured from above the support base 12 and a handrail 113a is provided at the upper end thereof.
Also in this case, the handrail part can be adjusted in height.
A three-axis sensor S is attached to the support 113b as an upper limb sensor.
Target In this case, since the taking standing posture to support the upper limb with the right hand, the sensor between the base portion 11 and the support base 12, and sensor S a of the right side portion, the left side A three-point arrangement consisting of sensors S b and S c before and after the unit is provided.

11 ベース部
12 支持基底部
13 L上肢支持部
14 R上肢支持部
11 Base 12 Support base 13 L Upper limb support 14 R Upper limb support

Claims (6)

ベース部と、前記ベース部の上にセンサーを介して配置した支持基底部と、前記支持基底部の上に上肢センサーを有する上肢支持部とを、備えたことを特徴とする身体動揺計測器。   A body sway measuring instrument comprising: a base part; a support base part disposed on the base part via a sensor; and an upper limb support part having an upper limb sensor on the support base part. 前記ベース部と支持基底部との間に設けたセンサーは、三角形に配置した3点センサーであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の身体動揺計測器。   The body sway measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the sensor provided between the base portion and the support base portion is a three-point sensor arranged in a triangle. 前記上肢支持部は、手で把持するための手すり部を有し、
前記の手すり部は、支柱部を用いて前記支持基底部に立設してあり、
前記支柱部に前記上肢センサーを取り付けてあることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の身体動揺計測器。
The upper limb support part has a handrail part for grasping by hand,
The handrail part is erected on the support base part using a support part,
The body sway measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the upper limb sensor is attached to the support column.
前記手すり部は右手で把持するための右手すり部と、左手で把持するための左手すり部を有することを特徴とする請求項3記載の身体動揺計測器。   4. The body sway measuring instrument according to claim 3, wherein the handrail includes a right handrail for holding with a right hand and a left handrail for holding with a left hand. 前記上肢支持部は前記支持基底部に対して高さ調整又は取り外し可能に設けてあることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の身体動揺計測器。   The body sway measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the upper limb support part is provided so as to be height-adjustable or removable with respect to the support base part. 計測された全体の圧中心の動揺軌跡を等倍で表示するモニターを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の身体動揺計測器。   The body sway measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a monitor that displays the swaying locus of the entire measured pressure center at an equal magnification.
JP2016148207A 2016-07-28 2016-07-28 Body rock measuring instrument Pending JP2018015270A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021062123A (en) * 2019-10-16 2021-04-22 株式会社Sケアデザイン研究所 Stand-up assisting type smart handrail device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021062123A (en) * 2019-10-16 2021-04-22 株式会社Sケアデザイン研究所 Stand-up assisting type smart handrail device
JP7335470B2 (en) 2019-10-16 2023-08-30 株式会社ジザイエ Standing assist type smart handrail device

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