JP2018013581A - Star projection cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a star projection cylinder that can adjust rank difference of a star that has been fixed to reproduce a starry sky by which natural rank difference can be always felt.SOLUTION: A star projection cylinder of a planetarium projects a star represented on a star original plate onto a screen as a star image. Each star on the star original plate is classified into a rank group having the same brightness. Light from a light source 102 capable of controlling lighting is guided to each star that belongs to a matched rank group by light guide means so that arbitrary brightness can be reproduced in units of the classified rank group at the time of projection.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a star projection tube used in a planetarium and the like, and a planetarium rendering method.

  In the planetarium, in order to project a star of the whole sky, the whole sky is divided into a plurality of surfaces, and each divided surface is projected by a plurality of star projection cylinders composed of a projection original plate and a projection lens.

  On the other hand, it is known to guide light from a light source to a star projection cylinder by an optical fiber bundle (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  In addition, until now, in a star projection tube having a star base plate used in a planetarium or the like, a single light source common to all the star projection tubes, or a light common to a plurality of light sources, or light from a plurality of individual light sources is used. The star is projected on the screen, and only for some bright stars, it is projected by a bright star projection tube that projects a single star separately, and each star is set with the correct brightness determined in advance. Was projected. For example, stars below a predetermined grade were projected together by general star projection, and stars above a predetermined grade were individually projected by a high-brightness star projection cylinder (Patent Document 3).

  In the above stellar projection tube, the stellar image was reproduced by projecting the light that passed through the hole drilled in the stellar original plate, but the apparent brightness of the stellar was expressed by changing the size of the hole. It was. That is, for bright stars, the hole diameter was large, and for dark stars, the hole diameter was small.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-191818 JP 2001-109063 A JP 2006-145614 A

  As described above, in planetariums so far, it has been very important to accurately express the star magnitude difference. On the other hand, recent planetariums reproduce the starry sky much brighter than the actual starry sky. For this reason, if the audience's vision changes from photopic to scotopic after a while from the start of projection, the star is not used to the eyes that are not accustomed to the darkness even though the projection is based on an accurate grade difference. It was difficult to recognize the difference in brightness, and the stars in the night sky looked the same brightness. For this reason, it has been demanded that not only an accurate grade difference can be expressed but also that a difference in brightness can be sufficiently recognized.

  It was created in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art of the present invention, and it enables adjustment of the magnitude difference of fixed stars so far, and not only expresses an accurate magnitude difference from a physical point of view. An object of the present invention is to provide a star projection tube that can reproduce a starry sky that allows the difference in grades to be clearly recognized even in the visual sense of the audience.

  That is, the star projection cylinder of the present invention is a planetarium star projection cylinder that projects the star represented on the star original plate as a star image on the screen, and classifies the individual stars on the star original plate for each grade group of the same brightness, It is characterized in that light from a dimmable light source is guided to individual stars belonging to a corresponding grade group by a light guide means so that arbitrary brightness can be reproduced in units of these classified grade groups at the time of projection.

  The star projection cylinder according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the star projection cylinder, a plurality of dimmable light sources are arranged in the projection cylinder.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the star projection cylinder, the plurality of light sources capable of dimming are arranged outside the projection cylinder.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the star projection cylinder, an optical fiber is used as the light guide means.

  The stellar projection cylinder according to claim 5 uses a single or a plurality of light sources and a transmissive or reflective liquid crystal panel for attenuating light from the light sources by a predetermined value in the stellar projection cylinder. The brightness of each star can be adjusted by controlling.

  The star projection tube according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the star projection tube, the hole diameter of the star on the star original plate is a single hole diameter.

  Further, in the star projection cylinder according to claim 7, in the star projection cylinder, a hole diameter of a part or all of the stars on the star original plate is different from a hole diameter that matches a star grade. It is characterized by.

  The present application also discloses a planetarium rendering method using the stellar projection cylinder. In other words, the planetarium rendering method according to claim 8 is a planetarium star projection cylinder that projects a star represented on a star master plate as a star image on a screen, and each star on the star master plate has the same brightness group. A star that classifies each star and guides light from a dimmable light source to individual stars belonging to the corresponding class group by light guiding means so that any brightness can be reproduced in units of the classified class groups during projection. When a spectator enters a planetarium facility using a projection tube in a bright to dark environment, the standard setting that reproduces the apparent brightness of the star is temporarily brightened for the star group of the dark group. It is characterized by doing.

  The planetarium rendering method according to claim 9 is a planetarium star projection cylinder for projecting a star represented on a star base plate as a star image on a screen, and each star on the star base plate has the same brightness grade group. A star that classifies each star and guides light from a dimmable light source to individual stars belonging to the corresponding class group by light guiding means so that any brightness can be reproduced in units of the classified class groups during projection. In the standard setting that reproduces the apparent brightness of a star using a projection cylinder, the difference in brightness between groups is temporarily increased between grade groups with a small difference in brightness.

  The planetarium rendering method according to claim 10 is a planetarium star projection tube that projects a star represented on a star base plate as a star image on a screen, and each star on the star base plate has the same brightness grade group. A star that classifies each star and guides light from a dimmable light source to individual stars belonging to the corresponding class group by light guiding means so that any brightness can be reproduced in units of the classified class groups during projection. The projection tube is used to gradually brighten only the stars belonging to the magnitude group that can be seen first in the actual starry sky when reproducing the starry sky at dusk.

  According to the star projection cylinder of the present invention having the above-described configuration, individual stars on the star original plate are classified into grade groups of the same brightness, and any brightness is reproduced in units of the classified grade groups at the time of projection. Since the light from the light source is guided to the individual stars belonging to the corresponding grade group by the light guide means, it is possible to control the brightness of the star image projected in units of grade groups by the light guide means. It becomes.

  Therefore, it is possible to reproduce the starry sky that always feels a natural grade difference by projecting based on accurate grade difference, and by projecting exaggerated brightness difference between grades, the environment is dark This makes it possible to create a virtual starry sky that makes an unfamiliar audience feel the difference in grades.

  Also, since the apparent brightness of the star is expressed by dimming the light from the light source, what is the conventional star projection cylinder that expresses brightness by changing the size of the hole drilled in the star original plate? In contrast, it is not necessary to match the diameter of the stellar image on the stellar plate that determines the brightness of the stellar with the actual magnitude, so a stellar plate with all holes having a single diameter can be used.

  On the other hand, when the spectators enter the planetarium facility from the bright environment to the dark environment using the above-mentioned stellar projection tubes, the brightness of the stellar group of the darkness group is the standard setting that reproduces the apparent brightness of the star. 9. The planetarium production method according to claim 8, wherein the projection is performed based on an accurate grade difference when the audience's vision changes from photopic to scotopic after a while from the start of projection. Nevertheless, it is difficult for eyes not used to darkness to recognize the difference in brightness of stars, and the phenomenon that stars in the night sky appear to have the same brightness can be solved.

  In other words, when entering the planetarium facility, the audience's vision is not dark-adapted, so only bright stars can be seen, but by projecting dark stars that are difficult to see brightly, the full starry sky is shown to the audience be able to. On the other hand, since the vision can be dark-adapted when in the facility for a while, the planetarium that projects stars brighter than the actual starry sky in recent years, the star is too bright and the visual cells are saturated, It seems that there is not much difference in the magnitude of the big stars. However, if the star projection tube according to the present invention is used, the brightness difference of each grade is widened so that the bright star is projected as it is, and the dark star is projected darker, thereby reducing the brightness difference. Because it can be presented clearly, the natural starry sky that the audience sees can be reproduced.

  Further, with the standard setting for reproducing the apparent brightness of a stellar using the above-mentioned stellar projection cylinder, the difference in brightness between groups is temporarily increased between grade groups with a small difference in brightness. In the planetarium production method described, it is possible to obtain an effect that makes it easy to explain the difference in star magnitude to the audience.

  In other words, planetarium facilities have explained the constellation by searching for a characteristic arrangement of stars in the projected starry sky, but recent planetariums have projected even stars below 7 mag. As a result, the number of stars increased, making it difficult to find extremely distinctive star arrangements compared to the actual starry sky. However, if the star projection cylinder according to the present invention is used, for example, only stars up to about 4 magnifying stars constituting the constellation shape are projected, and darker stars are turned off or the grade is adjusted darker. Since it is possible to easily project the characteristic arrangement of stars on the dome screen, explanations of constellations can be easily advanced.

  In addition, using the above-mentioned star projection tube, it is necessary to gradually brighten only the stars belonging to the magnitude group that can be seen first in the actual starry sky when reproducing the starry sky at dusk where the brightness in the planetarium facility is gradually darkened. In the characteristic planetarium production method, it is possible to easily reproduce a bright star shining in the twilight sky.

  In other words, in the planetarium, there are many effects in which stars are visible one after another at dusk scenes, etc. Until now, by gradually illuminating the stars while making the lighting in the planetarium facilities darker, It was realized. With this method, it was difficult to reproduce how bright stars shining in the twilight sky were shining. This is because if you make it bright and brilliant, even darker stars will be clearly projected. However, if the star projection tube according to the present invention is used, only bright stars can be projected at the maximum brightness, so it is possible to easily reproduce the bright stars shining in the dusk sky. It is.

  As described above, in the star projection cylinder of the present invention, it is possible to collectively control the brightness of a star image projected in units of grade groups. Therefore, in carrying out the above-described three planetarium rendering methods, the operator can perform dimming in units of magnitude groups without being conscious of the individual stars, so that the operation is easy.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view of the first embodiment of the star projection cylinder of the present invention. The partially cut away side view of 2nd Example of the star projection cylinder of this invention. The side view of the principal part of 3rd Example of the star projection cylinder of this invention. The side view of the principal part of 4th Example of the star projection cylinder of this invention. The side view of the principal part of 5th Example of the star projection cylinder of this invention. The side view of the principal part of 6th Example of the star projection cylinder of this invention. The perspective view of the principal part of 7th Example of the star projection cylinder of this invention. The side view of the principal part of the 8th Example of the star projection cylinder of this invention. The block diagram of the control relation of the star projection cylinder used for the presentation method of the planetarium of this invention.

  Hereinafter, specific examples of the star projection cylinder of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing a first embodiment of the star projection cylinder of the present invention. The star projection cylinder of the present invention is characterized in that light from different dimmable light sources is guided to each corresponding star by light guide means for each brightness of each star on the star original plate. In the embodiment, a plurality of light sources 5 different for each star brightness are used.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a projection cylinder containing a stellar original plate 2 and a projection lens 3. In this embodiment, a plurality of individually dimmable light sources 5 (here, LED lamps) are accommodated in the cylinder, and an optical fiber is provided. 4 is used as a light guide means, and the light from each light source is distributed to the corresponding stars of the star original plate 2 in the corresponding grade.

  FIG. 2 is a view showing a second embodiment of the star projection cylinder of the present invention. In this embodiment, the light source housed in the projection cylinder in the first embodiment is removed from the star projection cylinder and placed at a remote location.

  In the figure, reference numeral 10 is a projection cylinder, 12 is a star original plate, and 13 is a projection lens. A plurality of light sources 16 that differ depending on the stellar grade are accommodated in an accommodation case 15, and the optical fiber 17 reaching the projection cylinder and the optical fiber 14 in the projection cylinder are used as light guide means, and light from each light source is received. The stellar original plate 12 is assigned to individual stars of the corresponding grade.

  In this embodiment, since the light source is arranged outside the projection tube, one light source can be shared by a plurality of projection tubes. Reference numeral 17A in the figure indicates an optical fiber that reaches another projection cylinder in this case.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing a third embodiment of the star projection cylinder of the present invention. In this embodiment, each of the plurality of light sources 25 has a single brightness, and an element 26 having a dimming function is interposed between the light source and the incident end of the optical fiber 26 reaching the stellar original plate. Dimmable.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing a fourth embodiment of the star projection cylinder of the present invention. In this embodiment, a light beam having different brightness is generated for each optical fiber by interposing an element 36 having a dimming function between the incident end of the optical fiber 34 reaching the star original plate and the light source. Is a single surface light source.

  FIGS. 5 to 6 are views showing a fifth embodiment of the star projection cylinder of the present invention. In this embodiment, a transmissive liquid crystal panel 46 is used as a light control element interposed between the incident end of the optical fiber 44 reaching the star original plate and a light source 45 (here, a surface light source). In this case, since one light source is used depending on the transparency of pixels in a specific area of the liquid crystal panel, the incident end of each optical fiber 44 is arranged toward the pixel aggregate 47 in the specific area.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing a sixth embodiment of the star projection cylinder of the present invention. Here, one condenser lens 55 is disposed between the incident end of the optical fiber 64 and the transmissive liquid crystal panel 56. In the figure, reference numeral 57 represents a light source.

  FIG. 8 is a view showing a seventh embodiment of the star projection cylinder of the present invention. In this embodiment, the condenser lens 65 disposed between the star original plate 64 and the transmissive liquid crystal panel 66 is used as a light guide, and by appropriately setting the positions of the pixels used on the transmissive liquid crystal panel, It directs light directly to the stellar original. In the figure, reference numeral 67 denotes a light source, and 68 denotes a projection lens.

  Although the transmissive liquid crystal panel is used in the sixth and seventh embodiments, it goes without saying that the reflective liquid crystal panel can be easily used by changing the optical system.

  FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the control relationship of a star projection cylinder used in the planetarium rendering method of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 102 denotes a light source for illuminating the stellar original plate of each stellar projection cylinder, and 103 denotes a dimmer for dimming the illumination light. The light control unit adjusts the brightness of the light source itself and the brightness of the light source itself is fixed, and an element having a light control function is interposed between the incident end of the optical fiber leading to the stellar original plate and the light source. A case is assumed.

  The light source 102 and the dimming unit 103 are facilitated for each brightness group of projected stars and are dimmed for each class group via the control unit 100. In this case, it is assumed that the apparent brightness of the star is reproduced as a default, and the brightness of each grade group is adjusted by the operator manually operating the dimming knob of the console 101, or a predetermined planetarium It is automatically operated according to the scene on the production program.

The planetarium rendering method that can be realized by the dimming for each of the grade groups is as follows.
(Directing method 1)
Detecting that a spectator has entered a planetarium facility in a bright to dark environment (Procedure 1)
The standard setting to reproduce the apparent brightness of a star is to temporarily increase the brightness of a star in a dark group (step 2).
Return the brightness of the star to the standard setting after a preset time (step 3)

(Direction method 2)
Start of explanation of constellations and stellar grades (Procedure 1)
Temporarily increase the difference in brightness between groups of grade groups where the difference in brightness is small in the standard setting that reproduces the apparent brightness of stars (Procedure 2)
How to produce a lithium.

(Directing method 3)
When reproducing the starry sky at dusk, the brightness of the planetarium facility is gradually reduced (Procedure 1)
Gradually brighten only the stars belonging to the first magnitude group visible in the actual starry sky (step 2)

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Projection cylinder 2 Stellar original plate 3 Projection lens 4 Optical fiber 5 Light source

As described above, in planetariums so far, it has been very important to accurately express the star magnitude difference. On the other hand, recent planetariums reproduce the starry sky much brighter than the actual starry sky. For this reason, if the audience's vision changes from photopic to scotopic after a while from the start of projection, stars that have become accustomed to the darkness are projected even though they are projected based on accurate grade differences. It was difficult to recognize the difference in the brightness of the stars, and the stars in the night sky looked the same brightness. For this reason, it has been demanded that not only an accurate grade difference can be expressed but also that a difference in brightness can be sufficiently recognized.

Therefore, it is possible to reproduce the starry sky that always feels a natural grade difference by projecting based on accurate grade difference, and by projecting exaggerated brightness difference between grades, the environment is dark This makes it possible to create a virtual starry sky that will make the audience who has become accustomed feel the difference in grade.

On the other hand, when the spectators enter the planetarium facility from the bright environment to the dark environment using the above-mentioned stellar projection tubes, the brightness of the stellar group of the darkness group is the standard setting that reproduces the apparent brightness of the stellar. 9. The planetarium production method according to claim 8, wherein the projection is performed based on an accurate grade difference when the audience's vision changes from photopic to scotopic after a while from the start of projection. Nevertheless, it is difficult to recognize the difference in the brightness of stars for eyes that have become accustomed to the darkness, and it is possible to eliminate the phenomenon that the stars in the night sky appear to have the same brightness.

Claims (10)

In a planetarium star projection cylinder that projects the stars displayed on the star base plate as a star image on the screen, each star on the star base plate is classified into the same brightness group, and these classification group units are used for projection. A stellar projection tube characterized in that light from a dimmable light source is guided to individual stars belonging to a corresponding grade group by a light guide means so that any brightness can be reproduced. The stellar projection tube according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of dimmable light sources are arranged in the projection tube. The stellar projection tube according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of dimmable light sources are arranged outside the projection tube. 4. The star projection cylinder according to claim 1, wherein an optical fiber is used as the light guide means. 2. A single or plural light sources and a transmissive or reflective liquid crystal panel that attenuates light from the light sources by a predetermined value, and the brightness of each star can be adjusted by controlling the panel. To 4. The stellar projection tube according to any one of 4 to 4. The star projection cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a hole diameter of a star on the star original plate is a single hole diameter. The star projection cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a hole diameter of a part or all of the star on the star original plate is a hole diameter different from a hole diameter matching a star grade. A planetarium star projection cylinder that projects the stars displayed on the star base plate as a star image on the screen, classifies the individual stars on the star base plate for each grade group of the same brightness, and these classified grade groups at the time of projection Using a stellar projection tube that guides light from a dimmable light source to individual stars belonging to the corresponding grade group by a light guide means so that arbitrary brightness can be reproduced in units, the audience can change from a bright environment to a dark environment. A planetarium production method characterized by temporarily increasing the brightness of a star of a grade group whose brightness is dark in the standard setting that reproduces the apparent brightness of a star when entering the planetarium facility. A planetarium star projection cylinder that projects the stars displayed on the star base plate as a star image on the screen, classifies the individual stars on the star base plate for each grade group of the same brightness, and these classified grade groups at the time of projection Reproduce the apparent brightness of a star using a stellar projection tube that guides light from a dimmable light source to individual stars belonging to the corresponding grade group by a light guide means so that any brightness can be reproduced in units. A planetarium rendering method characterized by temporarily increasing the brightness difference between groups between grade groups where the difference in brightness is small in the standard setting. A planetarium star projection cylinder that projects the stars displayed on the star base plate as a star image on the screen, classifies the individual stars on the star base plate for each grade group of the same brightness, and these classified grade groups at the time of projection Using a stellar projection tube that guides light from a dimmable light source to individual stars belonging to the corresponding grade group by light guiding means so that any brightness can be reproduced in units, the brightness in the planetarium facility is gradually increased. A planetarium production method characterized by gradually brightening only the stars belonging to the magnitude group that can be seen first in the actual starry sky when reproducing the starry sky at dusk.

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