JP2018004134A - Total heat exchange element and total heat exchange-type ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a total heat exchange element capable of taking outdoor air into a room by suppressing moisture migration from the outdoor air to indoor air and capable of increasing humidity by efficiently feeding moisture in the outdoor air into a dry chamber under a fixed condition.SOLUTION: A total heat exchange element 4 is provided with moisture-permeable partition plates 41 and corrugate-shaped space-keeping member 42. The partition plates 41 each includes: a first moisture-permeable film 411 having a first polymer compound provided with a hydrophilic functional group; and a second moisture-permeable film 412 having a second polymer compound provided with a hydrophilic functional group with a polarity lower than that of the first polymer compound. The total heat exchange element 4 is such that a plurality of partition plates 41 are formed by alternately superimposing the partition plates 41 and the space-keeping member 42 so that the first moisture-permeable film 411 and the second moisture-permeable film 412 face to each other, and a first flow passage 43a is formed on a space where the first moisture-permeable film 411 faces and a second flow passage 43b is formed on a space where the second moisture-permeable film 412 faces.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a static permeation type total heat exchange type ventilator that simultaneously recovers sensible heat and latent heat by using a material having heat conductivity and moisture permeability as a total heat exchange element.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a total heat exchange type ventilator that exchanges heat between supply air and exhaust during ventilation is known as a device that can ventilate without impairing the effects of cooling and heating. The total heat exchange type ventilator is provided with a corrugated total heat exchange element for exchanging humidity simultaneously with temperature.

  As the total heat exchange element, for example, a technique as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is disclosed.

JP 2001-27489 A

  Generally, the total heat exchange type ventilator as in the above-described conventional example supplies outdoor air after the temperature and humidity of the outdoor air are brought close to the room temperature and humidity in order to keep the indoor environment constant. In the winter, when the indoor humidity is as low as 30%, for example, when the outdoor humidity is 40% when the outdoor and indoor temperatures are the same, the outdoor air is originally supplied to the room as it is. It is preferable to increase the humidity in the room.

  However, since moisture generally moves from higher to lower humidity, when outdoor humidity is higher than indoors, moisture moves from outdoor air to indoor air. Therefore, the outdoor air in a state where the humidity is lowered is supplied to the room, the indoor humidity is hardly increased, and as a result, the moisture of the outdoor air cannot be efficiently supplied to the dry room.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a total heat exchange element and a total heat exchange that can take outdoor air into the room without moving moisture from the outdoor air to the indoor air under certain conditions such as when the indoor humidity is low. Provide a ventilator.

  The total heat exchange element in the present invention is a total heat exchange element including a partition plate having moisture permeability and a corrugated spacing member, and the partition plate includes a first polymer compound having a hydrophilic functional group. And a second moisture permeable membrane having a second polymer compound having a hydrophilic functional group having a polarity lower than that of the first polymer compound. The partition plates and the spacing members are alternately laminated so that the wet membranes and the second moisture permeable membranes face each other, and the first flow path is formed between the first moisture permeable membranes and the second moisture permeable membranes. The second flow path is configured while the two face each other.

  The total heat exchange type ventilator according to the present invention is a total heat exchange type ventilator that takes in outdoor air into the room and discharges the indoor air to the outside. The path is an exhaust flow path for ventilating indoor air, and the second flow path is an air supply path for ventilating outdoor air.

  With the above configuration, the second moisture permeable membrane of the partition plate is made of the second polymer compound having a hydrophilic functional group having a polarity lower than that of the first polymer compound used for the first moisture permeable membrane of the partition plate of the total heat exchange element. By using for the second moisture permeable membrane using the second polymer compound having a hydrophilic functional group having a low polarity, moisture in the air is less likely to be permeable to moisture than the first moisture permeable membrane. Under certain conditions, such as when the humidity is low, it is possible to suppress the movement of moisture from the air flowing through the second flow path to the air flowing through the first flow path and to flow air through the total heat exchange element. That is, by flowing indoor air through the first flow path and flowing outdoor air through the second flow path, the outdoor air can be taken into the room while suppressing moisture movement from the outdoor air to the indoor air. . As a result, it is possible to provide a total heat exchange element and a total heat exchange type ventilator that can efficiently supply moisture of outdoor air into a dry room to increase humidity.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of installation of the total heat exchange type | formula ventilation apparatus 2 concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of the structure of the total heat exchange type | formula ventilation apparatus 2. FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view showing an appearance of the total heat exchange element 4. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the partition plate 41 of the same total heat exchange element 4. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the space | interval holding member 42 and the heat exchange blocks 44a and 44b of the same total heat exchange element 4.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in a house 1, a total heat exchange type ventilator 2 having a total heat exchange element 4 that takes outdoor air into the room and discharges indoor air to the outside. The air from the room is discharged to the outside through the total heat exchange type ventilator 2 as indicated by black arrows. The outdoor air is taken into the room through the total heat exchange type ventilator 2 as indicated by white arrows. The total heat exchange ventilator 2 circulates air and exchanges indoor and outdoor temperatures and humidity to keep the indoor environment constant.

  The total heat exchange type ventilator 2 has a total heat exchange element 4 for exchanging the temperature and humidity of indoor and outdoor air. As shown in FIG. 2, the total heat exchange type ventilator 2 has a total heat exchange element 4 disposed in the main body case 3 and drives the indoor air fan 5, thereby sucking indoor air from the indoor intake port 6, The heat is discharged from the outdoor discharge port 7 to the outside through the heat exchange element 4 and the indoor air fan 5.

  In addition, by driving the outdoor air fan 8, outdoor air is sucked from the outdoor suction port 9 and taken into the indoor air supply port 10 through the total heat exchange element 4 and the outdoor air fan 8. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the total heat exchange element 4 includes a partition plate 41 and a spacing member 42.

  The square partition plate 41 and the corrugated spacing member 42 are bonded to form the heat exchange blocks 44a and 44b. By alternately laminating the heat exchange block 44a and the heat exchange block 44b, a first flow path 43a and a second flow path 43b through which airflow passes are formed between the partition plate 41 and the spacing member 42. The At this time, in the first flow path 43a and the second flow path 43b, the heat exchange blocks 44a and 44b are stacked so that the flow paths are alternately orthogonal by 90 degrees. In the total heat exchange element 4, heat exchange of two types of airflow is performed via the partition plate 41.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the partition plate 41 includes a first moisture permeable film 411 and a second moisture permeable film 412.

  The first moisture permeable membrane 411 and the second moisture permeable membrane 412 are a porous sheet containing a polymer compound. The porous sheet has a large number of pores as through holes, the inside of the pores is filled with the first polymer compound or the second polymer compound, and the polymer compound is also present on both sides of the porous sheet. By being applied, the first moisture permeable film 411 or the second moisture permeable film 412 is formed. The first moisture permeable film 411 and the second moisture permeable film 412 formed in this manner are bonded to form the partition plate 41, so that the moisture absorption performance is different on both surfaces of the partition plate 41. That is, the first moisture permeable membrane 411 includes a first polymer compound having a hydrophilic functional group having a high polarity, and the second moisture permeable membrane 412 includes a hydrophilic functional group having a polarity lower than that of the first polymer compound. A second polymer compound. The higher the polarity of the hydrophilic functional group, the easier it is for the moisture in the air and the hydrophilic functional group to bind to each other, resulting in higher moisture absorption performance. Accordingly, the first moisture permeable membrane 411 of the partition plate 41 has a high moisture absorption performance, and the second moisture permeable membrane 412 has a moisture absorption performance lower than that of the first moisture permeable membrane 411.

  In addition, as the partition plate 41 of the total heat exchange element 4, the gas barrier property is also an important property, and at least one of the first moisture permeable film 411 and the second moisture permeable film 412 has the gas barrier property. .

  As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the interval holding member 42 includes a corrugated interval holding member first moisture permeable membrane 421 or an interval holding member second moisture permeable membrane 422. The configurations of the first moisture permeable membrane 421 and the second moisture permeable membrane 422 are the same as the first moisture permeable membrane 411 and the second moisture permeable membrane 412 in the partition plate 41.

  The interval holding member first moisture permeable membrane 421 or the interval holding member second moisture permeable membrane 422 has the same moisture permeable membrane as the moisture permeable membrane used on the surface of the partition plate 41 facing each other. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), if the spacing member 42 is disposed in the first flow path 43a, the spacing member first transparent carrying a first polymer compound having a highly polar functional group is used. A wet film 421 is disposed. Moreover, if it is the space | interval holding member 42 arrange | positioned at the 2nd flow path 43b as FIG.5 (b) shows, the 2nd polymer compound provided with the functional group whose polarity is lower than a 1st polymer compound will be used. The supported spacing member second moisture permeable membrane 422 is arranged. With this configuration, moisture in the air is also absorbed on the surface of the spacing member 42, so the area for absorbing moisture in the air increases. Moisture absorbed by the surface of the spacing member 42 moves to the partition plate 41 through a portion where the partition plate 41 and the spacing member 42 are bonded. Thereby, compared with the case where the water | moisture content in air is not absorbed from the space | interval holding member 42, a water | moisture content can be replaced | exchanged more efficiently.

  In the present embodiment, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene is used as the porous sheet used for the partition plate 41 and the spacing member 42. The first moisture permeable membranes 411 and 421 carry (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride as a first polymer compound having a high polarity. On the second moisture permeable membranes 412, 422, allylamine is supported as a second polymer compound having low polarity.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the heat exchange block 44 a includes a spacing member first moisture permeable membrane 421 on the surface of the partition plate 41 on the first moisture permeable membrane 411 side that supports the first polymer compound. The interval holding member 42 is bonded. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the heat exchange block 44 b has a spacing member second moisture permeable membrane 422 on the surface of the partition plate 41 on the second moisture permeable membrane 412 side carrying the second polymer compound. The interval holding member 42 provided is bonded.

  The total heat exchange element 4 is configured by alternately stacking the heat exchange blocks 44a and 44b as shown in FIG. That is, the first moisture permeable membranes 411 and the second moisture permeable membranes 412 of the partition plate 41 are laminated via the spacing member 42 so as to face each other.

  The first flow path 43a formed between the stacked heat exchange blocks 44a and 44b is a ventilation path where the first moisture permeable films 411 face each other, and the second flow path 43b faces the second moisture permeable films 412. It shall be a ventilation path.

  Operations of the total heat exchange element 4 and the total heat exchange type ventilator 2 of the present embodiment will be described.

  The total heat exchange element 4 in the present embodiment carries moisture permeable membranes having different moisture absorption performances in the first flow path 43a and the second flow path 43b respectively on one surface and the other surface of the partition plate 41, The humidity at which moisture transmission starts is different between one surface of the partition plate 41 and the other surface.

  Normally, moisture is transferred from the high humidity air to the low air via the partition plate 41. In the present embodiment, the first moisture permeable membrane 411 of the partition plate 41 starts moisture permeability at a humidity of 20%, for example, and the second moisture permeable membrane 412 has a higher humidity than the first moisture permeable membrane 411, for example, humidity. Moisture permeability starts at around 60%, so even if the air passing through the second flow path 43b is higher in humidity than the air passing through the first flow path 43a, under certain conditions Moisture movement from the second flow path 43b side can be suppressed. That is, the air passing through the second flow path 43b can pass through the total heat exchange element 4 while maintaining the humidity.

  For example, in the total heat exchange ventilator 2, when the humidity of the indoor air flowing through the first flow path 43a is 30% and the humidity of the outdoor air flowing through the second flow path 43b is 20% or less, Moisture is transferred from the air to the outdoor air through the first moisture permeable membrane 411 and the second moisture permeable membrane 412.

  However, under certain conditions, that is, when the humidity of the outdoor air is around 40%, the humidity does not reach 60%, so moisture permeability does not start in the second moisture permeable membrane 412, and the outdoor air maintains the humidity. As it is, it passes through the total heat exchange element 4. That is, although the outdoor air has a higher humidity than the room air, moisture movement from the outdoor air to the room air is suppressed.

  If the humidity of the outdoor humidity is 70% or higher, the second moisture permeable membrane 412 starts moisture permeability as usual, and the second moisture permeable membrane 412 to the first moisture permeable membrane 411 are transferred from the outdoor air to the indoor air. Moisture transfer is performed.

  The humidity at which moisture permeation starts from the moisture permeable membrane varies depending on the type of the polymer compound supported on the moisture permeable membrane, that is, the strength of the polarity of the hydrophilic functional group of the polymer compound.

  Moreover, in the total heat exchange type ventilator 2 in this Embodiment, the 1st flow path 43a is an exhaust flow path which discharges the indoor air inhaled from the indoor suction inlet 6 to the outdoor from the outdoor discharge opening 7, The passage 43b is an air supply passage through which outdoor air sucked from the outdoor air inlet 9 is taken into the room from the indoor air inlet 10. When the outdoor air does not reach a predetermined relative humidity, moisture transfer is not performed in the total heat exchange element 4.

  For example, when the indoor humidity is as low as 30%, for example, in winter, when the outdoor air is 20% or less or 70% or more, the indoor air and the outdoor air are all transmitted via the total heat exchange element 4. Heat exchange takes place. When the outdoor air is around 40%, moisture movement is suppressed on the second surface 41b, and the outdoor air can be supplied into the room as it is.

  In this way, under certain conditions such as when the indoor air is low, the moisture movement from the air flowing through the second flow path 43b to the air flowing through the first flow path 43a is suppressed, and the air flows through the total heat exchange element. Can do. That is, in the total heat exchange ventilator, the outdoor air can be prevented from moving to the indoor air, and the outdoor air can be taken into the room. Therefore, the humidity of the outdoor air can be efficiently supplied to the dry room to increase the humidity.

The material used for the partition plate 41 and the spacing member 42 is not limited to the present embodiment, and the porous sheet has both moisture permeability and heat conductivity.
Examples thereof include fluorine-based substrates such as polytetrafluoroethylene, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, and polytetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer.

  The average pore diameter of the porous sheet is, for example, 0.01-100 μm, more preferably 0.5-5 μm, and the thickness is, for example, 0.1-200 μm, more preferably 1-60 μm. It is. When the pore diameter is less than 0.01 μm, it becomes difficult for the polymer compound to be filled in the pores of the porous sheet, and a fine space is formed inside the porous sheet, resulting in water movement resistance. There is a risk that the moisture permeability will be reduced. If the pore diameter exceeds 100 μm, the polymer compound filled inside the porous sheet may fall out of the porous sheet when the volume is changed by adsorption / desorption of water, and the gas barrier property may decrease. There is. Furthermore, when the thickness of the porous sheet is less than 0.1 μm, the strength of the porous sheet becomes too low, and the strength may be insufficient when the partition plate 41 is used. If the thickness of the porous sheet exceeds 200 μm, the moving distance through which water passes through the inside of the porous sheet becomes long and the movement resistance of the water increases. Therefore, when the partition plate 41 is used, the moisture permeability is insufficient. There is a fear.

  The porous sheet of the present invention has a porosity of, for example, 5 to 95%, more preferably 50 to 95%. When the porosity is less than 5%, the ratio of the voids becomes too small, and when the partition plate 41 is used, the moisture permeability may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the porosity exceeds 95%, the ratio of the voids becomes too large, and the partition plate 41 may have insufficient strength.

  In addition, when the porous sheet is thin or when a material with high light transmittance is used, the use of a photopolymerization initiator eliminates the need for a heating and drying furnace in the case of a thermal polymerization initiator, so there are fewer It is possible to produce with energy, which is preferable.

  The material of the porous sheet of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has water resistance, and examples of inorganic materials include glass, ceramics such as alumina or silica, and the like. Organic materials include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, hemp, polyester, polyketone, polyamide, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and polytetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether. Examples thereof include a polymer and a polytetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer. The shape is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above conditions, such as a film shape, a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, and the shape may be a single material or a composite material. In particular, hydrophilic porous sheets such as glass, alumina, silica, polyurethane, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, hemp, and polyamide are preferable.

  It should be noted that the pores of the present invention are more preferably a complex shape such as having a curved portion or being branched or having a change in the pore diameter in the middle, rather than being linear. This is because, in particular, when the pores have a linear shape, the hydrophilic polymer compound 3 changes its volume due to adsorption / desorption of water, so that it may fall out of the porous sheet and the gas barrier property may decrease. This is because it is higher than the shape.

  In the embodiment of the present paper, the first polymer compound or the second polymer compound is applied to both surfaces of the porous sheet, but the effect is the same even when applied to one surface.

  Examples of the first polymer compound having high polarity used for the first moisture permeable membranes 411 and 421 include (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, [3- (methacryloylamino) propyl] trimethylammonium chloride 3, ( And quaternary ammonium such as vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride, [2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride, trimethylvinylammonium bromide, diallyldimethylammonium chloride and derivatives thereof.

  Examples of the second polymer compound having a low polarity used for the second moisture permeable membranes 412 and 422 include primary amines such as allylamine, acrylamide and methacrylamide, and derivatives thereof. Also, 2- (dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate, 2- (dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate, 2- (dimethylamino) propyl methacrylate, 3- (dimethylamino) propyl acrylate, N- [3- (dimethylamino) ) Propyl] secondary amines such as methacrylamide, tertiary amines and derivatives thereof.

  As described above, the total heat exchange element 4 in the present embodiment is the total heat exchange element 4 having the moisture-permeable partition plate 41 and the corrugated spacing member 42, The first moisture permeable membrane 411 having one polymer compound and the second moisture permeable membrane 412 having a second polymer compound having a polarity lower than that of the first polymer compound, The partition plates 41 and the corrugated spacers 42 are alternately laminated and bonded so that the moisture permeable membranes 411 and the second moisture permeable membrane 412 face each other, while the first moisture permeable membrane 411 faces each other. The first flow path 43a is formed in the second flow path 43b while the second moisture permeable membrane 412 faces each other.

  Accordingly, the second polymer compound having a lower polarity than the first polymer compound used for the first moisture permeable membrane 411 of the partition plate 41 of the total heat exchange element 4 is used for the second moisture permeable membrane 412 of the partition plate 41. In the second moisture permeable membrane 412 using the second polymer compound having a low polarity, moisture is less likely to be absorbed than the first moisture permeable membrane 411. Moisture movement from the air flowing through the flow path 43b to the air flowing through the first flow path 43a can be suppressed, and the air can flow through the total heat exchange element 4.

  The first polymer compound is preferably a strongly basic substance, and the second polymer compound is preferably a weakly basic substance.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the space | interval holding member 42 has the same hygroscopic agent as the hygroscopic agent used for the moisture-permeable film which faces through the space | interval holding member 42.

  The total heat exchange type ventilator 2 is a total heat exchange type ventilator 2 that takes outdoor air into the room and discharges the indoor air to the outside, and the total heat exchange element 4 according to any one of the above. The first flow path 43a is an exhaust flow path for ventilating indoor air, and the second flow path 43b is an air supply flow path for ventilating outdoor air. Thereby, indoor air is flowed through the flow path on the first surface 41a side, and outdoor air is flowed through the flow path on the second surface 41b side, thereby suppressing moisture movement from the outdoor air to the indoor air. Outdoor air can be taken into the room. As a result, the humidity of the outdoor air can be efficiently supplied to the dry room to increase the humidity.

  As described above, the total heat exchange element and the total heat exchange type ventilator according to the present invention can take outdoor air into the room while suppressing moisture movement from the outdoor air to the indoor air under certain conditions. It is possible to increase the humidity by efficiently supplying the moisture of outdoor air into a dry room, and is useful as a total heat exchange element, a total heat exchange type ventilator, and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 House 2 Total heat exchange type ventilator 3 Main body case 4 Total heat exchange element 5 Indoor air fan 6 Indoor air inlet 7 Outdoor air outlet 8 Outdoor air fan 9 Outdoor air inlet 10 Indoor air inlet 41 Partition plate 41a First surface 41b Second surface 411 First moisture permeable membrane 412 Second moisture permeable membrane 42 Interval holding member 421 Interval holding member first moisture permeable membrane 422 Interval holding member second moisture permeable membrane 43a First channel 43b Second channel 44a Heat exchange block 44b Heat exchange block

Claims (4)

A total heat exchange element comprising a partition plate having moisture permeability and a corrugated spacing member,
The partition plate includes a first moisture permeable membrane having a first polymer compound having a hydrophilic functional group, and a second polymer compound having a hydrophilic functional group having a polarity lower than that of the first polymer compound. A plurality of partition plates, wherein the partition plates and the spacing members are alternately laminated so that the first moisture permeable membranes and the second moisture permeable membranes face each other. A total heat exchange element comprising a first channel while the first moisture permeable membrane faces and a second channel while the second moisture permeable membrane faces. The first polymer compound is a strongly basic substance,
The total heat exchange element according to claim 1, wherein the second polymer compound is a weakly basic substance. The total heat exchange element according to claim 1, wherein the spacing member has the same polymer compound as the polymer compound used for the first moisture permeable membrane and the second moisture permeable membrane facing each other through the spacing member. . It is a total heat exchange type ventilator that takes in outdoor air into the room and discharges indoor air to the outside,
The total heat exchange element according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The total heat exchange type ventilator, wherein the first flow path is an exhaust flow path for ventilating indoor air, and the second flow path is an air supply flow path for ventilating outdoor air.