JP2018003333A - Form device and construction method of concrete structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a form device which is reusable by removing a form and capable of easy bending-processing.SOLUTION: A form device 2 for molding a bottom surface 1a and both side side surfaces 1b and 1b of crossing a beam 1, comprises an inner surface plate part 3 continuously formed to the bottom surface and both side surfaces, a bottom rib part 41 and side rib parts 42 and 42 provided with a plurality of substantially parallel ribs and arranged on the outside of the inner surface plate part for respective surfaces, and a part between the adjacent bottom rib part and side rib part is separated. Here, ribs of the bottom rib part and the side rib part are extended toward the substantially orthogonal direction to a boundary line 33 between the adjacent surfaces.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a formwork apparatus used when molding a concrete structure and a method for constructing a concrete structure using the same.

  When constructing a beam with reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete, for example, a U-shaped cross-section mold is used to form the bottom and both sides of the beam (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  The driving form disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is a structural member that becomes an outer shell of a beam made of reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete, and is left without being removed even after the concrete is hardened.

  These placement molds have a main body formed by folding a flat steel folded plate (keystone plate) into a U shape or an L shape. Since the steel folded plate is a highly rigid member provided with a plurality of parallel ribs, the bending process is performed in a factory using a press machine or the like.

JP 2001-73452 A JP 2000-352192 A

  However, the placement molds disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 can save the trouble of demolding, but the quality of the finished surface of the concrete cannot be confirmed. Moreover, it cannot be removed and reused, and special processing such as rust prevention treatment as a permanent structure is required, resulting in high material costs.

  Further, if the U-shaped or L-shaped bending process is performed at the factory, the transportation cost increases due to the bulkiness. On the other hand, it is not possible to easily bend a highly rigid steel folded plate locally.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a formwork apparatus that can be removed and reused, and that can be easily bent, and a method for constructing a concrete structure using the formwork apparatus.

  In order to achieve the above object, a formwork apparatus of the present invention is a formwork apparatus for forming at least two intersecting planes of a concrete structure, wherein the formwork apparatus is formed continuously with respect to the two planes. A face plate portion and a reinforcing rib plate portion provided with a plurality of mutually substantially parallel ribs arranged for each plane on the outside of the inner surface plate portion, and the adjacent reinforcing rib plate portions are separated. It is characterized by that.

  Here, the rib of the reinforcing rib plate portion may be configured to extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to a boundary line between the adjacent planes. Moreover, it is a formwork apparatus of Claim 1 or 2 for shape | molding at least 3 plane which a concrete structure cross | intersects, Comprising: The reinforcement rib board part arrange | positioned for every said plane is an intermediate | middle of the said 3 plane. It can be set as the structure which is the intermediate rib board part arrange | positioned in the plane which becomes, and the side rib board part arrange | positioned in the plane of the both sides.

  Furthermore, it can be set as the structure by which the metal fitting for fixing is attached along the edge part of the said side rib board part. And it is preferable that a fixing hole is previously drilled in the fixing hardware.

  Moreover, it can be set as the structure by which the reinforcing material was arrange | positioned between the said ribs. Furthermore, the said inner surface board part and the said reinforcement rib board part can be set as the structure by which the several junction location is provided in the position adjacent to the said boundary line. In addition, the inner surface plate portion and the reinforcing rib plate portion may be configured such that a joint portion is provided at a position adjacent to a corner portion of the rib.

  On the other hand, the invention of the method for constructing a concrete structure is a method for constructing a concrete structure using any of the above-mentioned formwork devices, and the formwork device in which the inner surface plate portion is in a flat state is manufactured in a factory. A step of bending the inner surface plate portion at the position of the boundary line with respect to the formwork device conveyed to the construction site, and placing the bent formwork device at a predetermined position. The method includes a step, a step of filling and hardening concrete in a space surrounded by the inner surface plate portion, and a step of removing the formwork device after the concrete is hardened.

  Further, when using a formwork apparatus in which fixing hardware is attached along the edge of the side rib plate portion, the step of driving a nail along the crosspiece to the fixing hardware and fixing it, And removing the nail or the pier to remove the formwork device.

  The formwork apparatus of the present invention configured as described above includes an inner surface plate portion formed continuously with respect to two planes of a concrete structure, and a reinforcing rib disposed on each outer surface of the inner surface plate portion. And a plate portion. And the adjacent reinforcement rib board part has isolate | separated.

  Thus, if it is the structure provided with the inner surface board part, since each surface of a concrete structure will be shape | molded into a plane, without concrete entering between ribs, it can remove and reuse. Further, the inner surface plate portion can be easily bent at a position where the reinforcing rib plate portions are separated.

  Furthermore, if the reinforcing rib plate portion is an intermediate rib plate portion disposed on a plane that is the middle of the three intersecting planes of the concrete structure, and a side rib plate portion disposed on both sides of the slab, It can be used as a formwork such as a beam provided on the lower surface side of the plate.

  Moreover, if it is the structure by which a fixing metal fitting is attached along the edge part of a side rib board part, only the fixing part which a deformation | transformation and damage will occur easily can be reinforced. Furthermore, if a fixing hole is previously drilled in the fixing hardware, it is possible to reliably fix a necessary portion.

  On the other hand, by disposing a reinforcing material between the ribs, it is possible to efficiently reinforce a portion where a large load acts locally or a joint portion that tends to be a weak portion. Furthermore, by disposing a reinforcing material between the ribs, it is possible to improve the installation accuracy of the mold and increase the efficiency of the installation work of the mold.

  Further, when the inner surface plate portion and the reinforcing rib plate portion are joined, if a plurality of joining portions are provided at positions adjacent to the boundary line, the protrusion of the corner portion can be suppressed. Furthermore, by providing the joint location at a position adjacent to the corner portion of the rib, high integrity between the inner surface plate portion and the reinforcing rib plate portion can be ensured.

  And in invention of the construction method of a concrete structure, the formwork apparatus manufactured in the flat state in the factory is bent in the construction site after conveyance. For this reason, the transportation cost of a formwork apparatus can be held down.

  In addition, if the method is to fix the formwork device with a nail via a fixing hardware attached along the edge of the side rib plate part, it can be used repeatedly without deforming or damaging the formwork device. Can be easily done.

It is sectional drawing explaining the formwork apparatus of embodiment of this invention by the relationship with the beam constructed | assembled using it. (A) is a perspective view explaining the structure of a formwork apparatus, (b) is the elements on larger scale which explain the structure of an inner surface board part and a rib. (A) is sectional drawing explaining the structure of a formwork apparatus, (b) is a look-down figure explaining the structure of a formwork apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which showed the process of the bending process of the formwork apparatus. (A) is the elements on larger scale which showed the state before a bending process, (b) is the elements on larger scale which showed the state after a bending process. (A) is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the crosspiece metal fixture fixed from the inside, (b) is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the crosspiece metal fixture fixed from the outside. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of the joint part of the extending | stretching direction of a formwork apparatus. It is a side view explaining the structure of a formwork apparatus and a formwork support work. It is a figure explaining the demolding process in the case of a pedestal bracket fixed from the inside, where (a) shows a process of removing the pier, (b) shows a state where the pier is removed, (C) is the figure which showed the process of removing a formwork apparatus. It is a figure explaining the demolding process in the case of a pierce bracket fixed from the outside, (a) is a figure showing a state before demolding, (b) is a figure showing a process of removing a nail, (C) is the figure which showed the process of removing a formwork apparatus, (d) is the figure which showed the state which removed the crosspiece. It is a side view explaining the whole structure of a formwork apparatus. It is the figure which analyzed the influence of the junction location of an inner surface board part and a rib, Comprising: It is the figure which showed the analysis result which made the center of a rib the junction location. It is the figure which analyzed the influence of the joining location of an inner surface board part and a rib, Comprising: It is the figure which showed the analysis result which made the corner part vicinity of a rib the joining location. It is sectional drawing explaining the formwork apparatus of an Example by the relationship with the beam constructed | assembled using it. It is sectional drawing explaining another usage method of the formwork apparatus of an Example.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of a formwork device 2 of the present embodiment and a beam 1 as a concrete structure constructed using the same.

  The beam 1 is formed on the lower surface of the slab 11 in a substantially rectangular shape when viewed in cross section, and is extended in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. Main rebars 12 are arranged in the beam 1 in the extending direction (axial direction), and the periphery thereof is surrounded by a stirrup 13.

  The rectangular parallelepiped beam 1 is formed with at least three intersecting planes. That is, three planes of the bottom surface 1a that is the bottom surface and the side surfaces 1b and 1b that are substantially orthogonal to both sides of the bottom surface 1a are formed.

  This formwork apparatus 2 is supported by the formwork support 14 until the concrete is hardened and a predetermined strength is developed, and is removed after the construction of the beam 1. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 8, the formwork supporter 14 includes struts 141,... Arranged at intervals and a girder 142 spanned between the struts 141, 141 in the width direction of the beam 1. And the supporting beam portions 143 and 143 spanned between the beam portions 142 and 142 in the extending direction of the beam 1.

  In the formwork device 2 formed in a substantially U shape in cross section, both side edges of the lower surface are placed on the supporting beam portions 143 and 143, respectively. Moreover, the crosspieces 144 and 144 are installed adjacent to both side edges of the lower surface of the formwork apparatus 2.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the mold apparatus 2 includes an inner surface plate portion 3 in which three intersecting planes are continuously formed, and a reinforcement disposed on each outer surface of the inner surface plate portion 3. It is mainly comprised by the rib board part (41,42,42).

  The inner surface plate portion 3 is formed with three substantially orthogonal planes by a bottom surface portion 31 that contacts the bottom surface 1a of the beam 1 and side surface portions 32 and 32 that contact the side surfaces 1b and 1b on both sides of the beam 1.

  The inner surface plate portion 3 is a flat metal plate formed of a steel plate having a thickness of about 0.4 mm to 1.2 mm, a hot dip galvanized steel plate, or the like before bending. On the other hand, the reinforcing rib plate portions (41, 42, 42) are similarly formed of a steel plate having a thickness of about 0.4 mm to 1.2 mm, a hot dip galvanized steel plate, or the like. ... are provided.

  FIG. 2B shows a partially enlarged view of the rib 4. The rib 4 has a configuration in which inner convex portions 4a projecting to the inner surface plate portion 3 side and outer convex portions 4b projecting to the opposite side are alternately formed. For example, the width of one set of the inner convex portion 4a and the outer convex portion 4b is formed to be about 50 mm to 250 mm. The height of the rib 4 (vertical direction in FIG. 2B) is formed to be about 15 mm to 100 mm.

  The rib 4 is extended in a direction substantially orthogonal to a boundary line 33 between adjacent planes (31, 32). Adjacent reinforcing rib plate portions (41, 42, 42) are not continuous but separated. In FIG. 3, the figure explaining the state before the bending process of the mold apparatus 2 was shown.

  FIG.3 (b) is the look down view which looked at the formwork apparatus 2 before a bending process from the reinforcement rib board part (41,42,42) side. Here, the reinforcing rib plate portion includes a bottom rib portion 41 as an intermediate rib plate portion disposed outside the bottom surface portion 31, and side rib plate portions disposed outside the side surface portions 32, 32 on both sides thereof. And side rib portions 42 and 42.

  And the adjacent bottom rib part 41 and the side rib part 42 are isolate | separated, and there exists slight separation (0 mm-about 10 mm (refer FIG. 5)). Moreover, as shown in FIG.3 (b), between the bottom rib part 41 and the side rib part 42 becomes the boundary line 33 where two planes cross | intersect.

  The flat plate-like inner surface plate portion 3 and the reinforcing rib plate portions (41, 42, 42) are integrated by bonding. That is, as shown in FIG. 3A, when the inner surface plate portion 3 is overlapped on the reinforcing rib plate portions (41, 42, 42), the inner convex portion 4a of the rib 4 and the inner surface plate portion 3 come into contact with each other. It will be. Joining is performed in the laminated portion.

  Joining is performed by spot welding or wire welding, or by bonding with an adhesive. FIG. 3 illustrates the joining points 5. The joint locations 5 are concentrated at a position adjacent to the boundary line 33. For example, a plurality of joint points 5... Are provided in a range of about 0 mm to 20 mm from the boundary line 33.

  Moreover, the joining location 5 is provided also in the corner | angular part of the internal convex part 4a of a rectangular shape in planar view. For example, the joint portion 5 is provided on the inner side of about 0 mm to 20 mm from the starting point of the inclination that shifts to the outer convex portion 4b.

  Furthermore, the joint location 5 is also provided at an interval in the center of the inner convex portion 4a having a rectangular shape in plan view. For example, at the position a / 2 of the interval between the ribs 4 and 4 (the width of the inner convex portion 4a) a, the joint portions 5 are provided at intervals of about 50 mm to 900 mm. Moreover, in the edge part of the formwork apparatus 2, the junction location 5, ... is provided at intervals in the vicinity of the starting point of the inclination which transfers to the outer convex part 4b of the inner convex part 4a.

  Here, the result of analyzing the influence of the joint location 5 is shown in FIGS. FIG. 12 shows the analysis result of the model in which only the center of the inner convex portion 4a is the joint location 5A, 5A, in the position of the a-a ′ cross section.

  From this result, it can be seen that only the side surface portion 32 of the inner surface plate portion 3 is protruded in the vicinity of the bottom portion of the side wall of the mold apparatus 2. If this amount of protrusion increases, the shape of the side surface 1b of the beam 1 will be affected.

  On the other hand, FIG. 13 shows an analysis result of a model in which only the vicinity of the starting point of the slope (near the corner portion of the rib 4) transitioning to the outer convex portion 4b of the inner convex portion 4a is the joint location 5B, 5B. The cross-sectional position is shown.

  Here, in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the magnification for illustrating the deformation amount is changed in order to make the deformation shape easy to understand. Actually, the maximum deformation amount of FIG. 12 is 20 times or more of the maximum deformation amount of FIG. 13, and it can be said that the deformation amount of FIG. 13 is negligible.

  In short, FIG. 13 shows the enlarged deformation amount in order to show the deformation shape, not to show the deformation amount. When this result is seen, the side wall part 32 and rib (outside convex part 4b) of the inner surface board part 3 are deform | transforming integrally, and the side wall of the formwork apparatus 2 has deform | transformed, and the local protrusion does not occur. I understand that.

  Thus, in the mold apparatus 2, the reinforcing rib plate portions (41, 42, 42) are integrated by joining outside the inner surface plate portion 3, and the reinforcing rib plate portions (41, 42, 42) are provided. In order to bend the part, a large force must be applied with a press machine.

  On the other hand, as described above, the bottom rib portion 41 and the side rib portion 42 are separated from each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. It can be easily bent by work.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged view for explaining the periphery of the boundary line 33 of the mold apparatus 2. As shown in FIG. 5A, a gap of about 0 mm to 10 mm is left between the bottom rib portion 41 and the side rib portion 42.

  That is, the bottom rib portion 41 and the side rib portion 42 are not continuous. For this reason, the bending process of the direction in which the bottom face part 31 and the side part 32 become an internal angle surface can be performed easily. Here, FIG. 5B illustrates a bending process at an angle (right angle) at which the bottom surface portion 31 and the side surface portion 32 are substantially orthogonal to each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the bottom surface portion 31 and the side surface portion are not limited thereto. The angle formed by 32 can be easily adjusted to an arbitrary angle such as an obtuse angle or an acute angle.

  Next, the configuration of the fixing unit of the mold apparatus 2 will be described with reference to FIG. This mold apparatus 2 is provided with a fixing portion at the edge so as to withstand the internal pressure (side pressure) of the concrete to be filled.

  In the formwork apparatus 2 of the present embodiment, fixing hardware (43, 44) is attached as a fixing portion along the edge of the side rib portion. A crosspiece receiving metal 43 as a fixing metal shown in FIG. 6A is formed in a substantially Z shape in a side view and is provided over the entire length of the upper edge 421 serving as the edge of the side rib portion 42.

  In the pier support 43, a fixing piece 431 for driving a nail 432 is provided on the beam 1 side (side portion 32 side). The crosspiece receiving material 43 is preferably formed of a steel plate thicker than the inner surface plate portion 3 because the nail 432 is driven in or a greater force is applied than the other portions when the formwork device 2 is removed.

  The pier receiving metal 43 is fixed to the edge of the slab form 111 that forms the lower surface of the slab 11 through the pier 433 disposed at the corner of the beam 1 and the slab 11. Further, the crosspieces 433 and 433 arranged on both sides of the beam 1 are connected by the head connecting material 22 (see FIG. 1).

  That is, the upper edge 421 is joined to the pier 433 by the nail 432 driven toward the fixed piece 431 from the beam 1 side with respect to the pier 433 arranged at the corner portion of the beam 1 and the slab 11. Further, the nail 434 is driven from above the head connecting material 22 and the slab mold 111 toward the pier 433, whereby the formwork apparatus 2 is fixed to the head connecting material 22 and the slab mold 111. .

  On the other hand, the crosspiece receiving metal 44 as the fixing hardware shown in FIG. 6B is formed in a substantially Z shape in a side view and is provided over the entire length of the upper edge 421 of the side rib portion 42. The crosspiece bracket 44 is provided with a fixing piece 441 for driving the nail 442 on the outside (opposite the side surface portion 32).

  The crosspiece bracket 44 is preferably formed of a steel plate or the like that is thicker than the inner surface plate portion 3 in the same manner as the crosspiece bracket 43. The crosspiece bracket 44 is fixed to the edge of the slab formwork 111 via a crosspiece 443 arranged at the corner between the beam 1 and the slab 11. Further, the crosspieces 443 and 443 arranged on both sides of the beam 1 are connected by the head connecting material 22 (see FIG. 1).

  That is, the upper edge 421 is joined to the crosspiece 443 by the nail 442 driven toward the fixed piece 441 from the outside with respect to the crosspiece 443 arranged at the corner of the beam 1 and the slab 11. Furthermore, the nail | claw 444 is driven toward the crosspiece 443 from the upper direction of the head connecting material 22 and the slab formwork 111, whereby the formwork apparatus 2 is fixed to the head connecting material 22 and the slab formwork 111. .

  The two types of crosspieces 43 and 44 described above are examples, and any of them may be used as a fixing portion of the formwork device 2. Moreover, it is not limited to these.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the formwork device 2 is arranged to construct the beam 1 spanned between the columns 15, 15, so that the length in the axial direction (stretching direction) becomes long. For this reason, joint portions (connection portions) are generated in the extending direction of the beam 1 in the inner surface plate portion 3 and the reinforcing rib plate portions (41, 42).

  Therefore, referring to FIG. 7, the joint portion will be described by taking the side surface 1b side of the beam 1 as an example. Here, for the sake of explanation, the connecting portion of the inner surface plate portions 3A and 3B arranged in the extending direction is referred to as a joint portion 30, and the connecting portion of the side rib portions 42A and 42B also arranged in the extending direction is referred to as a joint portion 420. .

  The joint portions 30 of the inner surface plate portions 3A and 3B are separated by 5 mm or less, and are provided between the outer convex portions 4b and 4b of the side rib portions 42A and 42B. The joint portions 420 of the side rib portions 42A and 42B are also provided between the same outer convex portions 4b and 4b as the joint portion 30. However, the position of the joint part 30 and the joint part 420 should not be overlapped, and the distance between them should be within 10 mm.

  A vertical crosspiece 61 as a reinforcing material is disposed in the recess where the joint portions 30 and 420 are disposed. By disposing the vertical crosspiece 61 serving as a pressing member on the outside of the joint portions 30 and 420, the protrusion of the joint portions 30 and 420 can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the formwork apparatus 2 which becomes long in the axial direction is intermittently supported by the columns 141,... Arranged at intervals in the extending direction. For this reason, in the location which contacts the support | pillar 141, a big force acts locally.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, in the vicinity of the support column 141, the gap (concave portion) between the outer convex portions 4 b and 4 b is filled with a filling material 62 as a reinforcing material. As the filling material 62, a material having a small compression rate such as wood, synthetic resin material, or metal can be used.

  When the filling material 62 is made of wood or synthetic resin, it can be fixed to the support beam portion 143 with nails or the like in advance. In addition, by fixing the interstitial material 62 in advance at an accurate position of the support beam portion 143, the mold apparatus 2 can be installed efficiently.

  Next, the construction method of the beam 1 using the formwork apparatus 2 of the present embodiment and the operation thereof will be described.

  First, in a factory, for example, a roll steel plate having a thickness of 0.6 mm is cut into a size that becomes the inner surface plate portion 3. The cut-out inner surface plate portion 3 is formed into a rectangular shape in which the bottom surface portion 31 and the side surface portions 32, 32 on both sides are continuous.

  Here, if the height of the side surface portion 32 set by the height of the beam 1 to be constructed is up to about 850 mm, it can be assembled as a mold without using a separator or the like. Moreover, about the length of an extending | stretching direction, since it should just connect by the joint part 30 as mentioned above, it can set arbitrarily.

  Further, for example, a rolled steel plate having a thickness of 0.4 mm is cut out, and a rib plate provided with a plurality of substantially parallel ribs 4 is processed. For example, a pair of inner convex portion 4a and outer convex portion 4b is processed into a rib 4 having a width of 100 mm and a height of 35 mm. And this rib board is shape | molded in the magnitude | size of the bottom rib part 41 and the side rib parts 42 and 42, respectively.

  Subsequently, the side rib portion 42, the bottom rib portion 41 and the side rib portion 42 are arranged side by side on the outer surface side of the inner surface plate portion 3, and are spot welded or adhesive at the joining points 5,. Join by.

  As described above, when the inner surface plate portion 3 and the reinforcing rib plate portion (41, 42, 42) are joined, if a plurality of joining locations 5,... Are provided at positions adjacent to the boundary line 33. In addition, the protrusion of the corner portion can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, by providing the joint locations 5,... At positions adjacent to the corners of the inner convex portion 4a laminated on the inner surface plate portion 3, the inner surface plate portion 3 and the reinforcing rib plate portions (41, 42, 42) are provided. ) Can be secured.

  6A (or FIG. 6B) is attached to the upper edge 421 of the side rib portion 42 by welding or joining with an adhesive. It is done. The crosspiece receiving metal 43 (44) is formed of, for example, a steel plate having a thickness of 1.2 mm.

  And the formwork apparatus 2 manufactured in this way is conveyed to a construction site with a flat state (planar state). If it is the planar formwork apparatus 2, since it can be laminated | stacked easily and can be conveyed in large quantities at a time, transportation expenses can be held down.

  The formwork apparatus 2 transported to the construction site in a flat state is bent at the construction site as shown in FIG. Here, if the position of the boundary line 33 is a position where the bottom rib portion 41 and the side rib portion 42 are separated from each other, the inner surface plate portion 3 can be easily bent by a manual operation by an operator. it can.

  In this way, the formwork device 2 formed into a substantially U-shape in cross-sectional view is used as a formwork of the beam 1 integrally provided on the lower surface of the slab 11 constructed between the columns 15 and 15 as shown in FIG. Can be used.

  Here, in FIG. 11, illustration of the formwork support 14 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 is omitted. The end portions 2 a and 2 a of the mold apparatus 2 can be placed on the upper edges of the column mold frames 151 and 151 that form the side surfaces of the columns 15.

  On the other hand, when the length of the formwork device 2 is shorter than the interval between the pillars 15, 15, the wooden formwork or the like is attached to the end 2 a as the adjustment formwork 21, so It can be put on the edge.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the formwork device 2 disposed between the columns 15 and 15 has an upper edge 421 fixed to the edge of the slab formwork 111 via a crosspiece 433 (443). Further, the piers 433 and 433 (443 and 443) between the upper edges of the formwork device 2 are connected by a head connecting member 22 as shown in FIG.

  For example, a strip-shaped steel plate having a thickness of 0.4 mm or more and a width of 10 mm or more can be used for the head connecting material 22. Further, the installation interval of the head connecting material 22 in the extending direction of the beam 1 can be determined by the beam.

  Further, the fixing to the crosspiece 433 (443) is performed by the nail 432 (442), but it is necessary to drive the number of nails 432 (442) as designed. Here, if a fixing hole is previously drilled in the fixing piece 431 (441) of the brace bracket 43 (44) in accordance with the position where the nail 432 (442) is driven, the necessary portion is securely fixed. I can go.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a space (concave portion) between the outer convex portions 4 b and 4 b is provided at a location where a large load acts on the bottom rib portion 41 adjacent to the contact location of the column 141 of the formwork support 14. In order to disperse the load, the intercalating material 62 is interposed between the two.

  The interlining material 62 can exhibit a positioning function by being joined to the support beam portion 143 at a precise position with a nail or the like. That is, by dropping the mold apparatus 2 so that the concave portion of the rib 4 of the bottom rib portion 41 fits in the filling material 62, the mold apparatus 2 can be installed at a quick and accurate position.

  Furthermore, in the long formwork apparatus 2 in which the connecting portion is generated in the extending direction, as shown in FIG. 7, the vertical bridge 61 between the outer convex portions 4b and 4b in which the joint portions 30 and 420 are concentrated. It is possible to efficiently reinforce the joint parts 30 and 420 that are likely to be weak parts.

  Then, after the installation of the formwork device 2, the head connecting material 22 and the slab formwork 111 is completed, the concrete is placed in the formwork where the reinforcement is arranged to construct the beam 1 and the slab 11. The formwork device 2 has a configuration including an inner surface plate portion 3 having a smooth surface as a molding surface, and the surfaces (1a, 1b) of the beam 1 are formed into a flat surface without the concrete entering between the ribs 4, 4. Therefore, it can be easily removed and reused repeatedly.

  The demolding method varies depending on the pier receiving metal 43 and 44 used. Therefore, a method of removing the mold when the pier receiving metal 43 is used will be described with reference to FIG.

  After the concrete of the beam 1 and the slab 11 reaches a predetermined strength, the mold apparatus 2 and the slab mold 111 are removed. First, as shown in FIG. 9A, a bar is inserted to remove the crosspiece 433 from the corners of the beam 1 and the slab 11.

  Since the pier 433 is made of wood, it can be released from the restraint of the nails 432 and 434 if the bar is screwed with a strong force. FIG. 9B shows a state where the crosspiece 433 is completely removed.

  When the crosspiece 433 is removed, the fixing of the upper edge 421 of the formwork device 2 is released, so that the side surface portion 32 is easily separated from the side surface 1b of the beam 1 as shown in FIG. be able to.

  Even if a strong force is applied to the pier support 43 when removing the pier 433, the pier support 43 is made of a steel plate thicker than the side portions 32 and the side rib portions 42. It can be used repeatedly without deformation or damage.

  Then, after removing the mold apparatus 2, the nail 434 is cut and the slab mold 111 is removed. The head connecting material 22 is left as it is on the head of the beam 1.

  Similarly, a demolding method in the case where the crosspiece bracket 44 is used will be described with reference to FIG. First, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the nail 442 is pulled out from the fixed piece 441 of the crosspiece bracket 44.

  When the nail 442 that has been driven into the pier 443 is removed, the upper edge 421 of the formwork apparatus 2 is fixed, so that the side surface portion 32 is attached to the beam 1 as shown in FIG. Can be easily separated from the side surface 1b.

  In this state, the pier 443 can be easily removed by inserting the bar as shown in FIG. Thus, if the head of the nail 442 used for fixing the formwork device 2 is exposed to the outside, the formwork device 2 can be easily removed by pulling out the nail 442. Then, after removing the mold apparatus 2, the nail 444 is cut and the slab mold 111 is removed.

  As described above, if the crosspiece brackets 43 and 44 are attached along the upper edge 421 of the side rib portion 42, only the fixed portion where deformation or damage easily occurs can be easily reinforced.

  Hereinafter, an example of a form different from the formwork apparatus 2 described in the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15. Note that the description of the same or equivalent parts as the contents described in the above embodiment will be described using the same terms or the same reference numerals.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where three planes of the beam 1 provided under the slab 11 are formed has been described, but in this embodiment, the formwork device 7 for forming two planes will be described.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the formwork device 7 is used as a formwork of the beam 1 </ b> A as a concrete structure constructed so that only two planes are exposed at the corners of the slab 11 and the wall 16. .

  The formwork device 7 includes an inner surface plate portion 71 in which two intersecting planes are continuously formed, and reinforcing rib plate portions (721, 722) arranged on the outer surface of the inner surface plate portion 71 for each plane. Mainly composed.

  The inner surface plate portion 71 has two planes that are substantially orthogonal to each other by a bottom surface portion 711 that contacts the bottom surface 1a of the beam 1A and a side surface portion 712 that contacts a side surface on the exposed side of the beam 1A.

  On the other hand, the rib 72 is extended in a direction substantially orthogonal to a boundary line 713 between adjacent planes (711, 712). Adjacent reinforcing rib plate portions (721, 722) are not continuous but separated.

  The reinforcing rib plate portion includes a bottom rib portion 721 disposed outside the bottom surface portion 711 and a side rib portion 722 disposed outside the side surface portion 712. And the formwork apparatus 7 projected outside is supported by the formwork support work 14A.

  A separator 162 is disposed only on the wall 16 of the wall mold 161. And the upper end 163 of the wall formwork 161 and the upper edge 7a of the formwork apparatus 7 are connected by the head connecting material 73 arranged diagonally.

  On the other hand, FIG. 15 shows a case where a beam 1 </ b> B as a concrete structure wider than the thickness of the wall 16 is constructed between the head of the wall 16 and the slab 11. That is, the both side portions of the beam 1 </ b> B protrude from both sides of the wall 16.

  Therefore, formwork apparatuses 7 and 7 are arranged as a formwork of the projecting portion of the beam 1B. In short, the lower edge portions of the formwork apparatuses 7 and 7 are connected to the upper ends 163A and 163A on both sides of the wall formwork 161, respectively.

  The formwork apparatuses 7 and 7 are supported by formwork supporters 14B and 14B, respectively. Further, the upper edges 7 a and 7 a of the formwork devices 7 and 7 are connected by a head connecting member 74.

  Thus, in order to shape | mold two planes where a concrete structure cross | intersects, the formwork apparatus 7 of an Example is applicable. Other configurations and operational effects of the examples are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiment and the example, and the design change is within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention. Are included in the present invention.

  For example, in the embodiments and examples described above, the case where concrete is brought into contact with the inner surface plate portions 3 and 71 is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plywood or the like is attached to the inner side of the inner surface plate portions 3 and 71. Thus, the construction of the concrete structure having a smaller cross section than that of the beams 1, 1 </ b> A, 1 </ b> B can be performed by using the formwork apparatuses 2, 7.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment and Example, although the extending | stretching direction of the ribs 4 and 72 of the bottom rib parts 41 and 721 is a direction substantially orthogonal to the boundary lines 33 and 713, it is not limited to this. Further, a reinforcing rib plate portion in which the extending direction of the ribs is substantially parallel to the boundary lines 33 and 713 can be used.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment and Example, although the case where the 3 planes or 2 planes of the beams 1, 1A, 1B were shape | molded was demonstrated, it is not limited to this. For example, when the concrete structure is a rectangular parallelepiped column, it may be a formwork device for molding the four planes. In addition, since the column exposes only two planes at the corners of the column and the wall, it can be a formwork device for molding the two planes of the column.

1,1A, 1B Beam (concrete structure)
1a Bottom (surface)
1b Side surface
2 Formwork device 3 Inner surface plate portion 31 Bottom surface portion 32 Side surface portion 33 Boundary line 4 Rib 41 Bottom rib portion (intermediate rib plate portion, reinforcing rib plate portion)
42 Side rib (side rib plate, reinforcing rib plate)
421 Upper edge (edge)
43,44 Pier hardware (fixing hardware)
432, 434, 442, 444 Nail 433, 443 Cross 5 Joint 61 Vertical cross (reinforcement)
62 Filling material (reinforcing material)
7 Form device 71 Inner surface plate portion 711 Bottom surface portion 712 Side surface portion 713 Boundary line 72 Rib 721 Bottom rib portion (reinforcing rib plate portion)
722 side rib (reinforcing rib plate)

Claims (10)

A mold apparatus for forming at least two intersecting planes of a concrete structure,
An inner surface plate portion formed continuously with respect to the two planes;
Reinforcement rib plate portion provided with a plurality of substantially parallel ribs arranged for each plane outside the inner surface plate portion,
A formwork apparatus characterized in that adjacent reinforcing rib plate portions are separated.   The formwork apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ribs of the reinforcing rib plate portion are extended in a direction substantially orthogonal to a boundary line between the adjacent planes. The mold apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, for forming at least three intersecting planes of the concrete structure,
The reinforcing rib plate portion arranged for each plane is an intermediate rib plate portion arranged in a plane which is the middle of the three planes, and a side rib plate portion arranged in a plane on both sides thereof. Formwork device.   The formwork apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a fixing hardware is attached along an edge portion of the side rib plate portion.   The mold apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a fixing hole is previously drilled in the fixing hardware.   The formwork apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a reinforcing material is disposed between the ribs.   The formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the inner surface plate portion and the reinforcing rib plate portion are provided with a plurality of joint portions at positions adjacent to the boundary line. apparatus.   The mold according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inner surface plate portion and the reinforcing rib plate portion are provided with a joint portion at a position adjacent to a corner portion of the rib. Frame device. A method for constructing a concrete structure using the formwork apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A step of producing the formwork device in which the inner face plate portion is flat in a factory;
A step of bending the inner surface plate portion at the position of the boundary line with respect to the formwork apparatus conveyed to the construction site;
Placing the folded formwork device in a predetermined position;
Filling and hardening concrete in a space surrounded by the inner surface plate part; and
And a step of removing the formwork device after the concrete is cured. A method for constructing a concrete structure using the formwork apparatus according to claim 4 or 5,
A step of producing the formwork device in which the inner face plate portion is flat in a factory;
A step of bending the inner surface plate portion at the position of the boundary line with respect to the formwork apparatus conveyed to the construction site;
Placing the formwork device that has been bent at a predetermined position, and driving and fixing a nail along the crosspiece to the fixing hardware; and
Filling and hardening concrete in a space surrounded by the inner surface plate part; and
And a step of removing the formwork device by removing the nail or the pier after the concrete is cured.