JP2018003253A - Device and method for suppressing adhesion of marine organism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently perform work for suppressing adhesion of a marine organism on a pile of an existing marine structure.SOLUTION: A device 1 for suppressing adhesion of a marine organism includes a cylindrical member 2 fitted on a pile 100 so as to cover an outer peripheral surface of at least either of a splash zone or a tidal zone of the pile 100. The cylindrical member 2 is divided into a plurality of ring-form members 6 in a longitudinal direction thereof. The ring-form member 6 is divided into a plurality of members (circular arcuate members 7) in a circumferential direction thereof. The device 1 for suppressing adhesion of a marine organism further includes an expandable/contractable expansion member 4 interposed between an inner peripheral surface (a recess 6a) of the ring-form member 6 and an outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100. The ring-form member 6 is fixed on the pile 100 through the expansion member 4 when the expansion member 4 is in an expanded state. The ring-form member 6 is movable on the pile 100 in a longitudinal direction of the pile 100 when the expansion member 4 is in a contracted state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for suppressing marine organisms from adhering to a pile of an offshore structure.

  Conventionally, chemicals have been applied to piles in order to prevent marine organisms such as shellfish from adhering to piles of marine structures such as piers. An example of such a chemical is disclosed in Patent Document 1.

JP-A-5-331008

  However, when trying to apply the chemicals mentioned above to the place where the adhesion of marine organisms is a problem in the pile of the existing marine structure, it is necessary to secure a dry work space around the place, Therefore, it took time and effort to apply chemicals.

  An object of this invention is to perform efficiently the operation | work for suppressing that a marine organism adheres to the pile of the existing offshore structure in view of such a real condition.

  Therefore, in the first aspect of the present invention, the marine organism adhesion suppression device is a device for suppressing marine organisms from adhering to the pile of the marine structure. This marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus is provided with the cylindrical member attached to a pile so that the outer peripheral surface of at least one of the splash zone and tidal zone of a pile may be covered.

  In the second aspect of the present invention, the marine organism adhesion inhibiting method is a method for inhibiting marine organisms from adhering to the pile of the marine structure. In this marine organism adhesion suppression method, a cylindrical member is formed so as to surround the pile above the cradle, and a first step of installing the cradle below the planned installation area of the tubular member on the outer peripheral surface of the pile. And a third step of moving the tubular member formed in the second step downward along the pile to a region where the tubular member is to be installed. The installation plan area | region of the cylindrical member in the outer peripheral surface of a pile includes the outer peripheral surface of at least one of the splash zone and tidal zone of a pile.

Here, the “tidal zone” in the present invention is a region where submergence into the sea and exposure to the atmosphere are repeated at the tide, and between the sea surface (sea surface) at high tide and the sea surface at low tide. It is an area. The “tide zone” is also called the “tidal zone”.
The “splash zone” in the present invention is a region above the sea surface at high tide (in other words, a region directly above the “tidal zone”). Waves can collide with this “splash zone”. This “splash zone” is exposed to seawater splashes.
Needless to say, the “pile of offshore structure” in the present invention may include those provided in the brackish water area.

  According to this invention, a cylindrical member is attached to a pile so that the outer peripheral surface of at least one of the splash zone and tidal zone of a pile may be covered. Therefore, without securing a dry working space around the area where the adhesion of marine organisms can be a problem on the outer peripheral surface of the pile of the existing marine structure (for example, the outer peripheral surface of the splash zone and the tidal zone of the pile) Since it is possible to install a cylindrical member in the region, it is possible to efficiently perform an operation for suppressing marine organisms from adhering to the pile.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus in 1st Embodiment of this invention. The top view of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus in the said 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the contraction state and expansion state of the expansion member in the said 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the installation method of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus in the said 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the installation method of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus in the said 1st Embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus in 2nd Embodiment of this invention The figure which shows schematic structure of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus in a 1st reference example. The figure which shows schematic structure of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus in a 2nd reference example. The perspective view which shows the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus installed in the pile in a 3rd reference example The figure which shows schematic structure of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus in the said 3rd reference example. The figure which shows schematic structure of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus in a 4th reference example. The figure which shows schematic structure of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus in a 5th reference example. Longitudinal sectional view of the temporary closing device in the sixth reference example Top view of the temporary closing device in the sixth reference example The figure which shows the contraction state and expansion state of the water stop tube in the said 6th reference example The figure which shows the installation method of the temporary deadline apparatus in the said 6th reference example. The figure which shows the installation method of the temporary deadline apparatus in the said 6th reference example. The figure which shows schematic structure of the temporary deadline apparatus in a 7th reference example

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG.1 and FIG.2 is the longitudinal cross-sectional view and top view of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 1 in 1st Embodiment of this invention. In FIG. 2, the cradle 3 to be described later is not shown for simplification.

  The marine organism adhesion suppression device 1 is installed on a pile 100 of an offshore structure such as an existing pier. The pile 100 is made of a columnar member. The pile 100 is, for example, a tubular steel pipe pile (in other words, a steel pipe column). The pile 100 is extended in the up-down direction, the lower end part is embedded in the seabed, and the upper end part is connected with the main-body part (not shown) of the offshore structure located above the sea surface. Therefore, the pile 100 supports the main-body part of an offshore structure from the downward direction. In addition, in this embodiment, although the pile 100 is demonstrated below as an annular steel pipe pile whose outer diameter is about 1 m, the structure of the pile 100 is not restricted to this. For example, the pile 100 may be a concrete pile. Moreover, the dimension of the pile 100 is arbitrary.

The marine organism adhesion suppression device 1 is for suppressing marine organisms such as shellfish (for example, mussels) from adhering to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 (particularly, the planned installation area X of the cylindrical member 2 described later). is there.
The marine organism adhesion suppression device 1 includes a cylindrical member 2, a cradle 3, and an expansion member 4.
The cradle 3 is installed below the planned installation area X of the cylindrical member 2 on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100. The cradle 3 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 and supports the tubular member 2 from below.

  The cylindrical member 2 is installed in the planned installation area X so as to surround the above-described planned installation area X (a specific area on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100). Here, the installation planned area X includes at least one outer peripheral surface of the splash zone and the tidal zone in the pile 100. That is, the cylindrical member 2 is attached to the pile 100 so as to cover at least one outer peripheral surface of the splash zone and the tidal zone of the pile 100. In this embodiment, the installation planned area X includes the outer peripheral surface of the splash zone, the tidal zone, and the underwater portion (region below the sea surface at low tide) in the pile 100. For example, the planned installation area X includes a region (part of a splash zone) from the sea surface at the time of high tide up to about 1 m, a whole tidal zone, and a part of the sea. For example, the planned installation area X can be about 3 to 5 m high (vertical length).

  The cylindrical member 2 has a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction, and includes a plurality (six in FIG. 1) of an annular ring-shaped member 6. That is, the cylindrical member 2 has a laminated structure in which a plurality of ring-shaped members 6 are stacked in the vertical direction. In addition, the number of the ring-shaped members 6 constituting the cylindrical member 2 is not limited to six, and may be one to five, or may be seven or more.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the cylindrical member 2 is divided into a plurality (six in FIG. 1) of ring-shaped members 6 in the longitudinal direction. In the present embodiment, the height (vertical length) of each ring-shaped member 6 is about several tens of centimeters. Further, the inner diameter of the cylindrical member 2 (ring-shaped member 6) is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pile 100. In addition, the dimension of the cylindrical member 2 (ring-shaped member 6) is not restricted above.

In the present embodiment, the ring-shaped member 6 has a halved structure that is divided into two arc-shaped members 7 in the circumferential direction. In other words, the ring-shaped member 6 is divided into a plurality (two in FIG. 2) of arc-shaped members 7 in the circumferential direction. Note that the number of arc-shaped members 7 constituting the ring-shaped member 6 is not limited to two, and may be three or more.
The ring-shaped member 6 is made of resin (for example, made of FRP) or made of metal (for example, made of steel).

  About the ring-shaped member 6, the one end parts of the two circular-arc-shaped members 7 which comprise it are mutually connected via the hinge 7a. A connection flange 7 b is provided at the other end of each of the two arcuate members 7. A bolt insertion hole 7c is formed through the connection flange 7b. Therefore, the bolt 8 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 7c in a state in which the connection flanges 7b provided at the other end portions of the two arcuate members 7 are in contact with each other, and tightened with the nut 9 to The other ends of the two arcuate members 7 can be bolted together. Moreover, in the state which this bolt fastening was cancelled | released, the ring-shaped member 6 opens by releasing the other end parts of the two arc-shaped members 7, and the other end parts of the two arc-shaped members 7 are brought closer to each other. This closes the ring-shaped member 6.

An antifouling paint may be applied to the outer peripheral surface of the tubular member 2 (ring-shaped member 6). An example of the antifouling paint is one containing copper ions. The antifouling paint is for suppressing marine organisms from adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 2 (ring-shaped member 6). As the antifouling paint applied to the outer peripheral surface of the tubular member 2 (ring-like member 6), a well-known antifouling paint for ship bottoms can be used.
Further, a Teflon (registered trademark) coating may be applied to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 2 (ring-shaped member 6).

A recess 6 a for receiving the expansion member 4 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped member 6 (arc-shaped member 7).
The expansion member 4 has a tube shape in which one end side is open and the other end side is closed, and has elasticity. The expansion member 4 is made of, for example, resin or rubber. When fluid is injected (sealed) into the expansion member 4 from the opening on one end side of the expansion member 4 in the contracted state, the expansion member 4 expands (swells). 3A shows the contracted state of the expansion member 4, and FIG. 3B shows the expanded state of the expansion member 4. FIG. Thus, the expansion member 4 can be expanded and contracted.

The expansion member 4 is interposed between the inner peripheral surface (recess 6a) of the ring-shaped member 6 (arc-shaped member 7) and the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100.
As shown in FIG. 3A, when the expansion member 4 is in a contracted state, the ring-shaped member 6 can move in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the pile 100 with respect to the pile 100.
As shown in FIG. 3B, when the expansion member 4 is in the expanded state, the ring-shaped member 6 is fixed to the pile 100 via the expansion member 4. At this time, the ring-shaped member 6 is pressed radially outward by the expansion member 4.
Therefore, the ring-shaped member 6 (tubular member 2) can be detachably attached to the pile 100 via the expansion member 4.

In the present embodiment, examples of the fluid injected into the expansion member 4 include a fluid (gas or liquid) that does not solidify such as air or water, or a fluid that can solidify such as mortar. When the fluid injected into the expansion member 4 is a non-solidified fluid (gas or liquid) such as air or water, it is installed by the installation method of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 described later. When exchanging the cylindrical member 2 of the attached marine organism adhesion suppression device 1, the fluid in the expansion member 4 can be removed smoothly and the expansion member 4 can be contracted.
In addition, you may install the pressure | voltage rise means (for example, compressor) which pressurizes the fluid in the middle of the fluid supply path | route to the expansion member 4. As shown in FIG. Here, FIG. 2 shows a part of the fluid supply line 10 that constitutes the fluid supply path to the expansion member 4.

  In the present embodiment, one expansion member 4 is provided for one ring-shaped member 6. Therefore, the marine organism adhesion suppression device 1 includes a plurality (six in FIG. 1) of expansion members 4. In the present embodiment, a plurality of (six in this embodiment) branch lines (not shown) are connected so that the fluid supply line 10 is connected to one end side (the opening) described above on the downstream side. Branch).

  Next, a method for suppressing the attachment of marine organisms to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 (marine organism adhesion suppression method) will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 in addition to FIGS. To do.

  FIG.4 and FIG.5 is a figure which shows the installation method of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 1 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, marine organisms adhere to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 by installing the marine organism adhesion suppression device 1 on the pile 100 by the installation method of the marine organism adhesion suppression device 1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. Suppress.

  In the marine organism adhesion suppression method (installation method of the marine organism adhesion suppression device 1), first, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), below the planned installation region X of the cylindrical member 2 on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100. The cradle 3 is installed in Here, this cradle installation process corresponds to the “first process” of the present invention. Since the installation location of the cradle 3 is underwater, the cradle installation work can be an underwater work by a diver.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4B, a plurality of ring-shaped members 6 are assembled so as to surround the pile 100 above the cradle 3 and stacked in the vertical direction (that is, along the longitudinal direction of the pile 100). By doing so, the cylindrical member 2 is formed. Here, this cylindrical member forming step corresponds to the “second step” of the present invention. In this cylindrical member formation process, it is preferable to form the cylindrical member 2 above the sea surface. When forming the tubular member 2, the tubular member 2 (ring-shaped member 6) can be supported by, for example, lifting means (not shown) mounted on a work table ship (not shown) floating on the sea surface. . In this tubular member forming step, the contracted expansion member 4 is interposed between the inner peripheral surface (recess 6a) of the ring-shaped member 6 (arc-shaped member 7) and the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100. The

  In addition, in this cylindrical member formation process, the seawater containing marine organisms is ring-shaped by interposing a flexible seal member (not shown) between the ring-shaped members 6 to be laminated. It is possible to suppress the flow into the tubular member 2 (the gap between the tubular member 2 and the pile 100) through the gap between the members 6.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5A, the cylindrical member 2 formed in the above-described cylindrical member forming step is moved downward along the pile 100 to the above-described installation planned region X (specifically Is moved until the lower surface of the cylindrical member 2 comes into contact with the upper surface of the cradle 3. The movement (lowering) of the cylindrical member 2 can be easily realized by using, for example, the lifting means on the work table ship described above. Further, when the tubular member 2 is moved (descent), the expansion member 4 is in a contracted state. Here, this cylindrical member moving step (lowering step) corresponds to the “third step” of the present invention. In addition, the cylindrical member 2 has a weight that can sink in the sea by its own weight.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, a fluid is injected into the expansion member 4 to bring the expansion member 4 into an expanded state. Thereby, the cylindrical member 2 is fixed to the pile 100 via the expansion member 4. Here, this cylindrical member fixing step corresponds to the “fourth step” of the present invention.

  Prior to the above-described cradle installation step (see FIG. 4A), a temporary work space that allows the cradle 3 to be installed is formed around the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100. A deadline device (not shown) may be installed on the pile 100. An example of such a temporary closing device is disclosed in JP-A-2015-48687. Moreover, you may use the temporary closing apparatuses 50 and 60 (refer FIGS. 13-18) in the 6th reference example and 7th reference example which are mentioned later as such a temporary closing apparatus. In particular, by using the temporary closing devices 50 and 60, it is possible to reduce underwater work by divers when the temporary closing device is installed. Here, this provisional deadline device installation step corresponds to the “fifth step” of the present invention.

  By installing the marine organism adhesion suppression device 1 on the pile 100 as described above, it is possible to suppress marine organisms from adhering to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100.

  In this embodiment, when the fluid injected into the expansion member 4 is a fluid (gas or liquid) that does not solidify such as air or water, the marine organism adhesion suppression device 1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 described above. The cylindrical member 2 of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 1 installed by the installation method can be easily replaced with a new one. At the time of this replacement, first, the fluid in the expansion member 4 is discharged out of the expansion member 4 to bring the expansion member 4 into a contracted state. Next, the cylindrical member 2 is moved upward along the pile 100 and moved to above the sea surface. The movement (rise) of the cylindrical member 2 can be easily realized by using, for example, the lifting means on the work table ship described above. Next, the tubular member 2 is replaced with a new one above the sea surface, and the new tubular member 2 is replaced in the same manner as the installation method of the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 described above. It installs in the above-mentioned installation plan area X. In this way, the cylindrical member 2 of the marine organism adhesion suppression device 1 can be easily replaced with a new one.

  According to this embodiment, the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 1 is an apparatus for suppressing marine organisms from adhering to the pile 100 of the marine structure. The marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 1 includes a cylindrical member 2 attached to the pile 100 so as to cover at least one outer peripheral surface (for example, the above-described installation planned region X) of the splash band and the tidal zone of the pile 100. Therefore, without securing a dry work space around an area (for example, the above-described installation planned area X) where marine organisms may be attached to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 of the existing offshore structure, a cylinder is placed in the area. Since the shaped member 2 can be installed, it is possible to efficiently perform work for suppressing marine organisms from adhering to the pile 100.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, the cylindrical member 2 is divided | segmented into the some ring-shaped member 6 in the longitudinal direction. Thereby, the cylindrical member 2 which can be a length of about several meters in the longitudinal direction can be efficiently formed.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, the ring-shaped member 6 is divided | segmented into the some member (for example, circular-arc-shaped member 7) in the circumferential direction. Thereby, the ring-shaped member 6 can be efficiently formed so that the circumference | surroundings of the pile 100 may be enclosed.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 1 is interposed between the inner peripheral surface (for example, recessed part 6a) of the ring-shaped member 6, and the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100, and can be expanded and contracted. A member 4 is provided. When the expansion member 4 is in the expanded state, the ring-shaped member 6 is fixed to the pile 100 via the expansion member 4 (see FIG. 3B). When the expansion member 4 is in the contracted state, the ring-shaped member 6 can move in the longitudinal direction of the pile 100 with respect to the pile 100 (see FIG. 3A). Therefore, the expansion member 4 that can function as a fixing means for fixing the ring-shaped member 6 to the pile 100 can be prevented from hindering movement of the ring-shaped member 6 with respect to the pile 100.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the antifouling paint can be applied to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 2. Thereby, it can suppress that a marine organism adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 2. FIG.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, the cylindrical member 2 is attached to the pile 100 so that attachment or detachment is possible. Thereby, replacement | exchange of the cylindrical member 2 becomes easy.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 1 is equipped with the base 3 fixed to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100, and supporting the cylindrical member 2 from the downward direction. Thereby, the cylindrical member 2 can be easily moved and positioned to the above-mentioned installation planned area X.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, the pile 100 is a steel pipe pile. The adhesion of marine organisms to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 can be easily suppressed using the marine organism adhesion suppression device 1.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, the marine organism adhesion suppression method is a method for suppressing marine organisms from adhering to the pile 100 of the marine structure. This marine organism adhesion suppression method includes a first step (see FIG. 4A) in which the cradle 3 is installed below the planned installation area X of the cylindrical member 2 on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100, and the cradle. The second step (see FIG. 4B) for forming the cylindrical member 2 so as to surround the pile 100 above 3, and the cylindrical member 2 formed in the second step along the pile 100 And a third step (see FIG. 5A) of moving downward to the installation planned area X. The planned installation area X includes at least one outer peripheral surface of the splash zone and the tidal zone of the pile 100. Therefore, the cylindrical member 2 is installed in this area without securing a dry work space around the planned installation area X where the adhesion of marine organisms may be a problem on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 of the existing offshore structure. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently perform work for suppressing marine organisms from adhering to the pile 100.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, the cylindrical member 2 is formed above the sea surface (water surface) in the second step (see FIG. 4B). Thereby, the cylindrical member 2 can be easily formed on the water surface.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, in the said 3rd process (refer FIG. 5 (A)), it is interposed between the internal peripheral surface (for example, recessed part 6a) of the cylindrical member 2, and the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100. FIG. The expansion member 4 that can be expanded and contracted is contracted, and the cylindrical member 2 is moved downward along the pile 100. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the expansion member 4 that can function as a fixing means for fixing the cylindrical member 2 to the pile 100 from hindering movement of the cylindrical member 2 with respect to the pile 100.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the marine organism adhesion suppression method moves the tubular member 2 to the planned installation area X in the third step (see FIG. 5A), and then the expansion member 4 is moved. A 4th process (refer to Drawing 5 (B)) which is made into an expansion state and fixes cylindrical member 2 to pile 100 via expansion member 4 is included. Thereby, the cylindrical member 2 can be detachably fixed to the pile 100 with a simple configuration.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the marine organism adhesion suppression method temporarily sets a dry work space around the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 prior to the first step (FIG. 4A). A fifth step of installing a deadline device may be included. Thereby, the underwater work by the diver at the time of installation of the cradle 3 can be reduced.

  In addition, the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 1 of this embodiment is suitable for especially suppressing the adhesion to the pile 100 of a mussel among marine organisms which may contain shellfish, algae, etc.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the marine organism adhesion suppression device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  In the present embodiment, instead of the expansion member 4, a flexible member 12 is interposed between the inner peripheral surface (recess 6 a) of the ring-shaped member 6 and the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100. The flexible member 12 has elasticity. The flexible member 12 is made of rubber, for example. The ring-shaped member 6 can be fixed to the pile 100 via the flexible member 12 by the repulsive force (restoring force) of the flexible member 12.

  In particular, according to the present embodiment, the marine organism adhesion suppression device 1 includes the flexible member 12 interposed between the inner peripheral surface (recess 6a) of the ring-shaped member 6 and the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100. . Thereby, the cylindrical member 2 can be detachably fixed to the pile 100 with a simple configuration.

FIG. 7A is a longitudinal sectional view of the marine organism adhesion suppression device 21 in the first reference example. FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG.
Differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  The marine organism adhesion suppression device 21 in the present reference example is configured to prevent the adhesion of marine organisms to the region Y where adhesion of marine organisms may be a problem on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 of an existing marine structure. Installed inside. Here, in the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100, the region Y can be the same region as the above-described installation planned region X.

  The marine organism adhesion suppression device 21 includes a steel support 22 extending along the central axis of the pile 100 and a plurality of bar magnets 23 extending radially from the outer peripheral surface of the support 22 to the inner peripheral surface of the pile 100 in plan view. With. In this reference example, the eight bar magnets 23 extending radially from the outer peripheral surface of the column 22 toward the inner peripheral surface of the pile 100 in a plan view are defined as one groove, and the group is arranged in three stages in the vertical direction. A total of 24 bar magnets 23 constitute a marine organism adhesion suppression device 21. In addition, about the number and arrangement | positioning of the bar magnet 23 which comprises the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 21, it can set suitably so that a magnetic field may generate | occur | produce around the above-mentioned area | region Y. FIG.

The bar magnet 23 is a permanent magnet, for example, a neodymium magnet. In this reference example, in each bar magnet 23, the end on the side facing the outer peripheral surface of the column 22 is the S pole, and the end on the side facing the inner peripheral surface of the pile 100 is the N pole. In each bar magnet 23, the end on the side facing the outer peripheral surface of the column 22 may be an N pole, and the end on the side facing the inner peripheral surface of the pile 100 may be an S pole. That is, the end on the side facing the inner peripheral surface of the pile 100 in all the bar magnets 23 in the pile 100 is the same pole (N pole or S pole).
The bar magnet 23 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the support column 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the pile 100 by the magnetic force. In addition, you may fix the bar magnet 23 to at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the support | pillar 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the pile 100 through the fixing means which is not shown in figure.

  In particular, according to this reference example, the marine organism adhesion suppression device 21 extends radially from the outer circumferential surface of the column 22 toward the inner circumferential surface of the pile 100 in a plan view, with the column 22 extending along the central axis of the pile 100. A plurality of bar magnets 23. Therefore, the marine organism adhesion suppression device can cope with the region without securing a dry work space around the region Y where the adhesion of marine organisms may be a problem on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 of the existing marine structure. Since 21 can be installed, the operation | work for suppressing that a marine organism adheres to the pile 100 can be performed efficiently. Moreover, since the seawater is not contained in the pile 100, maintenance work of the marine organism adhesion suppression device 21 (for example, replacement work of the bar magnet 23) can be easily performed. In addition, since a magnetic field can be generated around the region Y, it is possible to suppress marine organisms from attaching to the region Y by the magnetic field. Incidentally, the fact that magnetism is effective for suppressing adhesion and growth of marine organisms is disclosed in paragraph 0007 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-270755.

  Moreover, according to this reference example, the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 21 is provided with the permanent magnet (bar magnet 23) arrange | positioned inside the pile 100. FIG. With this permanent magnet, a magnetic field can be generated around the above-mentioned area Y, and by extension, marine organisms can be prevented from adhering to the above-mentioned area Y.

FIG. 8A is a longitudinal sectional view of the marine organism adhesion suppression device 21 in the second reference example. FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
Differences from the first reference example will be described.

  The marine organism adhesion suppression device 21 includes a plurality (two in FIG. 8A) of an annular ring magnet 24 instead of the above-described support column 22 and the plurality of bar magnets 23. In this reference example, the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 21 is comprised by these ring type magnets 24 by arrange | positioning the ring type magnet 24 two steps | paragraphs to an up-down direction. The number and arrangement of the ring magnets 24 constituting the marine organism adhesion suppression device 21 can be set as appropriate so that a magnetic field is generated around the region Y.

The ring magnet 24 is a permanent magnet, for example, a neodymium magnet. In this reference example, each ring-type magnet 24 has an N pole at the upper end and an S pole at the lower end. In each ring-type magnet 24, the upper end may be the S pole and the lower end may be the N pole. In this way, the N poles and S poles of the permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the vertical direction in the pile 100.
The ring magnet 24 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the pile 100 by its magnetic force. In addition, you may fix the ring-type magnet 24 to the internal peripheral surface of the pile 100 through the fixing means which is not shown in figure.

  In particular, according to this reference example, the marine organism adhesion suppression device 21 includes a plurality of annular ring magnets 24. Therefore, the marine organism adhesion suppression device can cope with the region without securing a dry work space around the region Y where the adhesion of marine organisms may be a problem on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 of the existing marine structure. Since 21 can be installed, the operation | work for suppressing that a marine organism adheres to the pile 100 can be performed efficiently. Moreover, since the seawater is not contained in the pile 100, maintenance work of the marine organism adhesion suppression device 21 (for example, replacement work of the ring magnet 24) can be easily performed. In addition, since a magnetic field can be generated around the region Y, it is possible to suppress marine organisms from attaching to the region Y by the magnetic field.

  Moreover, according to this reference example, the marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 21 is provided with the permanent magnet (ring-type magnet 24) arrange | positioned inside the pile 100. FIG. With this permanent magnet, a magnetic field can be generated around the above-mentioned area Y, and by extension, marine organisms can be prevented from adhering to the above-mentioned area Y.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 installed on the pile 100 in the third reference example. 10A and 10B are a top view and a front view of the marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 in the present reference example.
Differences from the first reference example will be described.

  The marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 in the present reference example suppresses the adhesion of marine organisms to the region Y where adhesion of marine organisms may be a problem on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 of the existing marine structure. It is installed in the pile 100 so that it may cover.

  The marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 includes, for example, a flat flat bag 32 made of cloth, and wire fastener portions 33 provided on both left and right edges of the flat bag 32, respectively. On the upper surface of the flat bag 32, an inlet 34 for magnetic fluid is provided. The flat bag 32 has flexibility.

  The height (length in the vertical direction) of the flat bag 32 is preferably equal to or greater than the height (length in the vertical direction) of the region Y described above, and is, for example, about 5 m. The width (the length in the left-right direction) of the flat bag 32 substantially matches the outer diameter of the pile 100. The thickness of the flat bag 32 is, for example, about 50 mm.

A magnetic fluid is injected (enclosed) into the flat bag 32 from an injection port 34. When the magnetic fluid is injected into the flat bag 32, the flat bag 32 expands.
The magnetic fluid includes, for example, magnetic fine particles such as iron oxide, a surfactant that covers the surface of the magnetic fluid, and a base liquid that is a dispersion medium.

Next, an example of a method for installing the marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 on the pile 100 will be described.
First, after wrapping the flat bag 32 around the pile 100 in a state where the magnetic fluid is not contained in the flat bag 32 above the sea surface, the wire fastener portion in a state where the left and right edges of the flat bag 32 are brought close to each other. 33 is closed. Thereafter, the flat bag 32 with the wire fastener portion 33 closed is lowered along the longitudinal direction of the pile 100 and is disposed at a position where the flat bag 32 covers the region Y described above. Next, the magnetic fluid is injected into the flat bag 32 from the injection port 34 to inflate the flat bag 32. In this way, the flat bag 32 is inflated, so that the flat bag 32 is fixed to the pile 100 (compressed and fixed) (see FIG. 9).

FIG. 11 is a front view of the marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 in the fourth reference example.
Differences from the third reference example will be described.

  As an alternative to the flat bag 32 described above, the marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 has an upper header hose 36 extending in the left-right direction and closed at both ends, and a lower header hose 37 extending in the left-right direction and closed at both ends. And a plurality of hoses 38 each extending in the vertical direction and having both ends connected to the header hoses 36 and 37, respectively. The header hoses 36 and 37 and the hose 38 have flexibility, and are made of, for example, resin or rubber. The upper header hose 36 is provided with an inlet (not shown) for magnetic fluid. The gap t1 between the adjacent hoses 38 is set in advance in consideration of the expansion allowance of the hose 38. Among the plurality of hoses 38, the hose 38 located on the leftmost side and the hose 38 located on the rightmost side are respectively provided with the same line fastener portions 33 as described above.

  The length of the hose 38 is preferably not less than the height (length in the vertical direction) of the region Y described above, and is, for example, about 5 m. The lengths of the header hoses 36 and 37 substantially match the outer diameter of the pile 100. The diameters of the header hoses 36 and 37 and the hose 38 are, for example, about 50 mm.

  When the magnetic fluid is injected into the upper header hose 36 from the inlet of the upper header hose 36, the magnetic fluid flows into the plurality of hoses 38 and further flows into the lower header hose 37, and the header. The hoses 36 and 37 and the hose 38 swell.

Next, an example of a method for installing the marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 on the pile 100 will be described.
First, after the header hoses 36, 37 and the hose 38 are wound around the pile 100 in a state where no magnetic fluid is contained in the header hoses 36, 37 and the hose 38 above the sea surface, the wire fastener portion 33 is closed. . Thereafter, the header hoses 36 and 37 and the hose 38 are lowered along the longitudinal direction of the pile 100 in a state where the wire fastener portion 33 is closed, and the header hoses 36 and 37 and the hose 38 cover the region Y described above. Place in position. Next, the magnetic fluid is injected (sealed) into the header hoses 36, 37 and the hose 38 from the inlet of the upper header hose 36 to expand the header hoses 36, 37 and the hose 38. In this way, the header hoses 36 and 37 and the hose 38 swell, so that the header hoses 36 and 37 and the hose 38 are fixed to the pile 100 (compressed and fixed state).

FIG. 12 is a front view of the marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 in the fifth reference example.
Differences from the third reference example will be described.

  The marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 includes, instead of the flat bag 32 described above, a half-split anchor ring 41 and a hose 42 having a lower end attached to the anchor ring 41 and spirally wound around the pile 100. . The hose 42 has flexibility, and is made of, for example, resin or rubber. An opening (not shown) for injecting magnetic fluid is formed at the upper end of the hose 42, and the lower end is closed. The gap t2 in the vertical direction of the hose 42 wound around the pile 100 in a spiral shape is set in advance in consideration of the expansion allowance of the hose 42.

It is preferable that the height (length in the vertical direction) of the pile 100 around which the hose 42 is wound is equal to or higher than the height (length in the vertical direction) of the above-described region Y, for example, about 5 m. The diameter of the hose 42 is about 50 mm, for example.
When magnetic fluid is injected (sealed) into the hose 42 from the opening at the upper end of the hose 42, the hose 42 expands.

Next, an example of a method for installing the marine organism adhesion suppression device 31 on the pile 100 will be described.
First, the anchor ring 41 is installed below the region Y on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100. Next, the hose 42 is wound around the pile 100 so that the hose 42 covers the above-described region Y in a state where the magnetic fluid is not contained in the hose 42. Next, the magnetic fluid is injected into the hose 42 from the opening at the upper end of the hose 42 to inflate the hose 42. As the hose 42 swells in this manner, the hose 42 is fixed to the pile 100 (compressed and fixed state).

13 and 14 are a longitudinal sectional view and a top view of the temporary closing device 50 in the sixth reference example. In FIG. 14, a rod-shaped member 54 described later is omitted for simplification of illustration.
The following description is based on the first embodiment.

  Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-48687 discloses a steel temporary cutoff installation method. Using this kind of temporary deadline installation method, a simple caisson of two cracks is held on the pile 100 and the inside is drained, so that the work under the sea surface of the pile 100 (for example, the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100) It is possible to secure a dry work space for performing painting work, welding work, cutting work, etc.).

However, this kind of temporary deadline installation method requires underwater work by a diver when assembling a simple caisson.
In view of such a situation, this reference example aims to reduce underwater work by a diver at the time of setting a temporary deadline.

The temporary closing device 50 in this reference example has an umbrella shape. The temporary closing device 50 includes a water stop device 51, a plurality of (four in FIG. 14) main bones 52, a cover 53, and a plurality (four in this reference example) of rod-like members 54.
The water stop device 51 includes a frame body 55 having a ring shape and a half structure, and a water stop tube 56. In this reference example, the water stop device 51 includes two water stop tubes 56, but the number of the water stop tubes 56 constituting the water stop device 51 is not limited to this.

The inner diameter of the frame 55 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pile 100.
A recess 55 a (see FIG. 15) for receiving the water stop tube 56 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the frame body 55.

  The water stop tube 56 is a tubular shape having one end opened and the other end closed, and has elasticity. The water stop tube 56 is made of, for example, resin or rubber. When fluid is injected (sealed) into the water stop tube 56 from the opening on one end side of the contracted water stop tube 56, the water stop tube 56 expands (swells). Here, FIG. 15A shows the contracted state of the water stop tube 56, and FIG. 15B shows the expanded state of the water stop tube 56. Thus, the water stop tube 56 can be expanded and contracted.

The water stop tube 56 is interposed between the inner peripheral surface (recessed portion 55 a) of the frame body 55 and the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100.
As shown in FIG. 15A, when the water stop tube 56 is in the contracted state, the frame body 55 can move in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the pile 100 with respect to the pile 100.
As shown in FIG. 15B, when the water stop tube 56 is in the expanded state, the frame body 55 is fixed to the pile 100 via the water stop tube 56. At this time, the frame body 55 is pressed toward the radially outer side by the water stop tube 56. At this time, the water stop tube 56 can function as a seal member.
Therefore, the frame body 55 can be detachably attached to the pile 100 via the water stop tube 56.

In this reference example, the fluid injected into the water stop tube 56 may be a fluid (gas or liquid) that does not solidify, such as air or water. Thereby, when removing the temporary closing device 50 installed by the installation method of the temporary closing device 50 shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. The tube 56 can be contracted.
In addition, you may install the pressurization means (for example, compressor) which pressurizes the fluid in the middle of the supply path of the fluid to the water stop tube 56. FIG. Here, FIG. 13 shows a part of a fluid supply line 57 that constitutes a fluid supply path to the water stop tube 56.

  The lower end portion of each main bone 52 is hinge-connected to the upper end portion of the frame body 55 of the water stop device 51. As shown in FIG. 14, a plurality (four in FIG. 14) of the main bones 52 extend radially from the frame body 55 in plan view.

  The cover 53 is watertightly attached to the water stop device 51 and the main bone 52 so as to block between the adjacent main bones 52. The cover 53 is a sheet-like member, for example, and has flexibility and water impermeability.

16 and 17 are diagrams showing a method for installing the temporary closing device 50 in the present reference example.
In this installation method, first, as shown in FIG. 16A, the temporary closing device 50 is assembled so as to surround the pile 100 above the sea surface. At this time, the umbrella-shaped temporary closing device 50 is in a state where the umbrella is constricted. The temporary cutoff device 50 can be supported by lifting means (not shown) mounted on a work platform ship (not shown) that floats on the sea surface, for example, when the temporary cutoff device 50 is assembled. Further, at the time of this assembly, the waterstop tube 56 in a contracted state is interposed between the inner peripheral surface (recessed portion 55 a) of the frame body 55 and the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 16B, the temporary closing device 50 is moved downward along the pile 100 and moved to the installation scheduled area of the temporary closing device 50. The movement (lowering) of the temporary closing device 50 can be easily realized by using, for example, the lifting means on the work table ship described above. When the temporary closing device 50 is moved (descent), the water stop tube 56 is in a contracted state. Note that the frame body 55 has a weight that can sink underwater by its own weight.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 17A, a fluid is injected into the water stop tube 56 to bring the water stop tube 56 into an expanded state. Thereby, the frame body 55 is fixed to the pile 100 via the water stop tube 56. Further, the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the frame body 55 and the outer peripheral surface of the pile 100 is sealed by the water stop tube 56.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 17A, the umbrella-shaped temporary closing device 50 is opened. At this time, the umbrella-like temporary fastening device 50 can be opened by pulling the upper end portion of each main bone 52 from the pile 100 using an appropriate pulling means so as to be separated from the pile 100 in the radial direction. The method for opening the umbrella-shaped temporary closing device 50 is not limited to this. For example, the temporary closing device 50 may have the same configuration as a general western umbrella so that the umbrella-shaped temporary closing device 50 can be opened and closed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 17B, a bar-shaped member 54 that can function as a tension bar is installed on the upper part of the open umbrella-shaped temporary closing device 50. Moreover, the seawater which exists in the space between the cover 53 and the pile 100 is drained out of the temporary cutoff device 50, and the inside of the space is made dry.
By installing the temporary closing device 50 in the pile 100 in this way, a dry work space 59 can be secured around the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100.

  Thereafter, in the dry work space 59, various works for suppressing marine organisms from adhering to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 can be performed. For example, the installation work of the cradle 3 in the first and second embodiments described above can be performed. Furthermore, in the dry work space, not only the work for suppressing the adhesion of marine organisms to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 is performed, but also various works for the maintenance management of the pile 100 (the outer periphery of the pile 100). A painting operation, a welding operation, a cutting operation, or the like on the surface 101 may be performed.

  In the present reference example, the temporary closing device 50 installed by the above-described method for installing the temporary closing device 50 shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 can be easily removed. At the time of removal, first, the bar-like member 54 is removed, and the temporary closing device 50 is closed. Next, the fluid in the water stop tube 56 is discharged out of the water stop tube 56 to make the water stop tube 56 contracted. Next, the temporary closing device 50 is moved upward along the pile 00 and moved to above the sea surface. The movement (rise) of the temporary cutoff device 50 can be easily realized by using, for example, the lifting means on the work table ship described above. Next, the temporary closing device 50 is disassembled above the sea surface. In this way, the temporary closing device 50 can be easily removed.

  In particular, according to the present reference example, the assembly work of the temporary closing device 50 can be performed above the sea surface, so that the underwater work by the diver when the temporary closing is installed can be reduced as compared with the conventional case.

18 (A) and 18 (B) are longitudinal sectional views of the temporary closing device 60 in the seventh reference example, and FIG. 18 (A) shows the temporary closing device 60 in a narrowed state, and FIG. 18 (B). Indicates the temporary closing device 60 in an open state.
Differences from the above-described sixth reference example will be described.

The temporary closing device 60 includes an air bag 61 that expands (inflates) by injecting air, a water-stop seal member 62 and a fixing ring 63 that are installed at the lower end of the air bag 61.
The air bag 61 is formed in advance so as to expand into a funnel shape as shown in FIG. The airbag 61 serves as the main bone 52 and the cover 53 in the temporary closing device 50 described above.

The water stop seal member 62 seals between the lower end portion of the airbag 61 and the pile 100.
The fixing ring 63 is means for fastening the air bag 61 to the pile 100 by tightening the lower end portion thereof.

  A pressure increasing means (for example, a compressor) for increasing the pressure may be installed in the middle of the air supply path to the airbag 61. Here, FIGS. 18A and 18B show a part of an air supply line 64 that constitutes a supply path of air to the airbag 61.

  In order to suppress the attachment of marine organisms to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 in the dry work space 66 formed around the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 by installing the temporary closing device 60 on the pile 100. Various operations can be performed. For example, the installation work of the cradle 3 in the first and second embodiments described above can be performed. Furthermore, in the dry work space, not only the work for suppressing the adhesion of marine organisms to the outer peripheral surface 101 of the pile 100 is performed, but also various works for the maintenance management of the pile 100 (the outer periphery of the pile 100). A painting operation, a welding operation, a cutting operation, or the like on the surface 101 may be performed.

  In the first and second embodiments and the first to seventh reference examples described above, the pile 100 may constitute a monopile steel pipe pile foundation or constitute a steel pipe sheet pile well foundation. You may do.

  In the description of the pile 100 in the first and second embodiments and the first to seventh reference examples described above, the pile extending in the vertical direction is illustrated and described. Needless to say, it may be a pile extending obliquely with respect to the vertical direction, such as a slant pile.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus 2 Cylindrical member 3 Base 4 Expansion member 6 Ring-shaped member 6a Recessed part 7 Arc-shaped member 7a Hinge 7b Connection flange 7c Bolt insertion hole 8 Bolt 9 Nut 10 Fluid supply line 12 Flexible member 21 Ocean Biological adhesion control device 22 Strut 23 Bar magnet 24 Ring magnet 31 Marine biological adhesion suppression device 32 Flat bag 33 Wire fastener portion 34 Inlet 36, 37 Header hose 38 Hose 41 Anchor ring 42 Hose 50 Temporary cutoff device 51 Water stop device 52 Master bone 53 Cover 54 Bar member 55 Frame 55a Recess 56 Water stop tube 57 Fluid supply line 59 Work space 60 Temporary cutoff device 61 Air bag 62 Water stop seal member 63 Fixing ring 64 Air supply line 66 Work space 100 Pile 101 Outer surface X Installation planned area Y area

Claims (16)

An apparatus for suppressing marine life from adhering to a pile of an ocean structure,
A marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus provided with the cylindrical member attached to the said pile so that the outer peripheral surface of at least one of the splash zone and tidal zone of the said pile may be covered.   The marine organism adhesion suppression device according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical member is divided into a plurality of ring-shaped members in a longitudinal direction thereof.   The marine organism adhesion suppression device according to claim 2, wherein the ring-shaped member is divided into a plurality of members in a circumferential direction thereof. An expansion member which is interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped member and the outer peripheral surface of the pile and can be expanded and contracted;
When the expansion member is in an expanded state, the ring-shaped member is fixed to the pile via the expansion member,
The marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus of Claim 2 or Claim 3 which can move the said ring-shaped member to the longitudinal direction of the said pile with respect to the said pile when the said expansion member is a contracted state.   The marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus of Claim 2 or Claim 3 further equipped with the flexible member interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the said ring-shaped member, and the outer peripheral surface of the said pile.   The marine organism adhesion suppression device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an antifouling paint is applied to an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member.   The marine organism adhesion suppression device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cylindrical member is detachably attached to the pile.   The marine organism adhesion suppression apparatus of any one of Claims 1-7 further equipped with the cradle fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the said pile, and supporting the said cylindrical member from the downward direction.   The marine organism adhesion suppression device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pile is a steel pipe pile. A method for suppressing marine life from adhering to a pile of an ocean structure,
A first step of installing a cradle below the planned installation area of the tubular member on the outer peripheral surface of the pile;
A second step of forming the tubular member so as to surround the pile above the cradle;
A third step of moving the tubular member formed in the second step downward along the pile to the planned installation region; and
Including
The said installation plan area | region is an adhesion suppression method of marine organisms including the outer peripheral surface of at least one of the splash zone and tidal zone of the said pile.   The marine organism adhesion suppression method according to claim 10, wherein, in the second step, the cylindrical member is formed above the sea surface.   In the third step, an expansion member that is interposed between an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical member and an outer peripheral surface of the pile and that can be expanded and contracted is contracted, and the cylindrical member is used as the pile. The marine organism adhesion suppression method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the marine organisms are moved downward along the line.   After the cylindrical member is moved to the planned installation area in the third step, the expansion member is set in an expanded state, and the cylindrical member is fixed to the pile via the expansion member. The method for suppressing adhesion of marine organisms according to claim 12, further comprising a step.   The marine organism adhesion suppression method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein an antifouling paint is applied to an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member.   The marine organism adhesion suppression method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the pile is a steel pipe pile.   Prior to the first step, the method further includes a fifth step of installing a temporary closing device so as to form a dry working space around the outer peripheral surface of the pile. The method for suppressing adhesion of marine organisms as described in 1.