JP2018000106A - Composition for improving mastication force and method for improving mastication force - Google Patents

Composition for improving mastication force and method for improving mastication force Download PDF

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JP2018000106A
JP2018000106A JP2016131774A JP2016131774A JP2018000106A JP 2018000106 A JP2018000106 A JP 2018000106A JP 2016131774 A JP2016131774 A JP 2016131774A JP 2016131774 A JP2016131774 A JP 2016131774A JP 2018000106 A JP2018000106 A JP 2018000106A
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improving
composition
chewing
food
masticatory
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智子 久嶋
Tomoko Kushima
智子 久嶋
めぐみ 高井
Megumi Takai
めぐみ 高井
智仁 堀本
Tomohito HORIMOTO
智仁 堀本
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Meiji Co Ltd
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Meiji Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L29/00Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/20Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition which can be easily and continuously taken and can efficiently improve or keep a mastication force, and to provide a method for improving a mastication force using the same.SOLUTION: A composition for improving a mastication force has a breaking load of more than 13 N and less than 88 N, has a breaking strain of more than 56%, can be bitten by almost one mastication because of having such the breaking load and the breaking strain, can be finally swallowed, can be easily and continuously taken, and accordingly can efficiently improve or keep a mastication force.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、咀嚼力を向上させるための組成物および方法に関する。   The present invention relates to compositions and methods for improving masticatory power.

これまで、食品の物性と、咀嚼力および咀嚼挙動との関係についての研究報告がいくつかなされている。しかし、咀嚼力の維持または向上を目的とした食品に必要な物性値を示唆するような報告は非常に少ない。   There have been several reports on the relationship between the physical properties of foods, masticatory power and mastication behavior. However, there are very few reports that suggest the physical properties necessary for foods intended to maintain or improve chewing ability.

食品による咀嚼力強化を目的とした過去の研究では、たとえば非常に硬いこんにゃくマンナンを用いた咀嚼訓練が知られている(非特許文献1)。このこんにゃくマンナンの硬さは、同一サイズのたくあんと比較して2倍であり、咀嚼回数が10倍以上となる。このような咀嚼訓練は、咀嚼することに疲れてしまい、継続して広く用いられることが困難である。また、咀嚼筋は、四肢の筋肉と異なり、歯にかかる力に敏感に反応して咀嚼力を増大させたり、歯への過剰な負荷を抑制したりする歯根膜を介して活動を行う。そのため、咀嚼筋に対しては、適正な強い負荷をかけること、すなわち硬い食品を摂取させることが、必ずしも有効に機能しない場合がある。   In past studies aimed at strengthening the masticatory power of food, for example, mastication training using a very hard konjac mannan is known (Non-patent Document 1). The hardness of this konjac mannan is twice that of the same size takuan, and the number of chewing times is 10 times or more. Such mastication training is tired from mastication and is difficult to be widely used continuously. In addition, unlike the muscles of the extremities, the masticatory muscles act through the periodontal ligament which reacts sensitively to the force applied to the teeth to increase the masticatory force and suppress excessive load on the teeth. Therefore, applying an appropriate strong load to the masticatory muscles, that is, ingesting hard food may not always function effectively.

咀嚼機能は、「咀嚼力」および「巧緻性」に大別される。従来の代表的な咀嚼機能の評価方法は、歯の欠損を義歯、金属冠および継続歯などの人工物で補って、機能を回復させる、いわゆる補綴の分野で主に構築されてきた。従来の評価方法として、たとえば咀嚼試料の粉砕状態を測る方法およびガムの咀嚼による混合状態を測る方法が知られている。これらの方法は、いずれも咀嚼機能における「巧緻性」に焦点をあてたものであり、咀嚼筋の力の発揮度を直接的に知ることはできない。咀嚼機能における「巧緻性」は、小さな筋活動による複雑な作業を要求するものである。巧緻性の向上は、食塊形成力を向上させるものの、咀嚼において最も重要な「あらゆるものを細かく砕いて噛みちぎる」という処理能力を効果的に高めることができない。従来知られている、食品を用いた咀嚼機能訓練は、基本的には巧緻性にフォーカスを当てたものであり、筋活動を発揮させることを狙ったものは非常に少ない。   The masticatory function is roughly classified into “mastication power” and “skillfulness”. Conventional methods for evaluating masticatory functions have been mainly constructed in the field of so-called prosthetics in which tooth defects are compensated with artificials such as dentures, metal crowns and continuous teeth to restore the functions. As a conventional evaluation method, for example, a method for measuring a pulverized state of a chewing sample and a method for measuring a mixed state by chewing gum are known. All of these methods focus on “skill” in the masticatory function, and the degree of exertion of the power of the masticatory muscle cannot be directly known. “Sophistication” in the masticatory function requires complex work with small muscle activity. Although the improvement of the elaborateness improves the ability to form a bolus, it cannot effectively increase the processing ability of “everything is crushed and bitten”, which is the most important in chewing. The conventionally known masticatory function training using food is basically focused on skill, and very few have aimed at exerting muscle activity.

特許文献1には、咀嚼機能強化用の健康食品が開示されている。この健康食品は、グルコマンナンまたはグルコマンナンに栄養物質を添加したものをアルカリ性物質で処理し、これに調味料を加えた後乾燥することにより得られた咀嚼機能強化用の口中で弾力性を有する健康食品である(請求項1)。   Patent Document 1 discloses a health food for enhancing the chewing function. This health food has elasticity in the mouth for enhancing the masticatory function obtained by treating glucomannan or glucomannan with a nutrient added to it with an alkaline substance, adding seasonings to it and then drying it. It is a health food (Claim 1).

しかし、特許文献1に記載の健康食品は、咀嚼した時に容易に噛み切れず、少なくとも10分以上の咀嚼運動に耐え、これを1日数回食することによって自然に咀嚼機能を強化するものである(第3ページ左上欄)。そのため、咀嚼機能を強化するために特許文献1に記載のような健康食品を使用した場合、咀嚼することに疲れてしまい、継続して行うことが困難である。また、特許文献1には、健康食品の硬さなどの物性値が記載されていない。   However, the health food described in Patent Document 1 does not easily bite when chewed, withstands at least 10 minutes of chewing movement, and naturally enhances the chewing function by eating this several times a day (3rd page, upper left column). Therefore, when a health food such as that described in Patent Document 1 is used to enhance the chewing function, it becomes tired of chewing and it is difficult to perform it continuously. Patent Document 1 does not describe physical property values such as hardness of health food.

特許文献2には、咀嚼訓練用チューインガムが開示されている。このチューインガムは、複数の被験者に対し、硬さ、重量、寸法が各々異なる複数種のチューインガムを一種類ずつ与え、口唇を閉じたまま大臼歯で左右交互に10回ずつしっかりと噛むようにして一定時間咀嚼させ、被験者ごとに各々のチューインガムについて一定時間における咀嚼回数、並びに咬筋および口輪筋の筋活動値を測定し、次にチューインガムごとに全被験者の咀嚼回数並びに筋活動値の各全平均値を求めた結果、咬筋の平均筋活動値、口輪筋の平均筋活動値、咀嚼回数の各平均値の3つ全てが各平均値を上回るものである(請求項1)。   Patent Document 2 discloses a chewing gum for mastication training. This chewing gum gives multiple subjects one type of chewing gum each of different hardness, weight and dimensions, and chews for 10 hours with the molars closed and left and right alternately with left and right sides. For each subject, measure the number of chewing times for each chewing gum and the muscle activity values of the masseter and muzzle muscles for each chewing gum, and then find the total average values of the number of chewing times and muscle activity values for all subjects for each chewing gum. As a result, the average muscle activity value of the masseter muscle, the average muscle activity value of the muzzle muscles, and the average value of the number of chewing times all exceed the average value (Claim 1).

しかし、特許文献2に記載のチューインガムは、チューインガムであるため咀嚼後飲み込むことができず、吐き出さなければならない。また、特許文献2には、チューインガムの物性値として最大圧縮荷重しか記載されていない。   However, since the chewing gum described in Patent Document 2 is a chewing gum, it cannot be swallowed after chewing and must be discharged. Patent Document 2 describes only the maximum compressive load as a physical property value of chewing gum.

特許文献3には、咀嚼・嚥下困難者用ゲル化剤およびこれを利用した咀嚼・嚥下困難者用ゲル状食品が開示されている。このゲル化剤は、易溶性寒天及び重量平均分子量が1.5×106g/mol以上のグァーガムを含み、易溶性寒天に対して、グァーガムの含有量が60〜700質量%である(請求項1)。 Patent Document 3 discloses a gelling agent for persons with difficulty in chewing / swallowing and a gel food for persons with difficulty in chewing / swallowing using the same. This gelling agent contains easily soluble agar and guar gum having a weight average molecular weight of 1.5 × 10 6 g / mol or more, and the content of guar gum is 60 to 700% by mass with respect to easily soluble agar (claim 1). ).

しかし、特許文献3に記載のゲル状食品は、咀嚼力を向上させる用途に用いられるものではなく、そのゲル強度は、咀嚼力の向上や維持を可能にするものではない。   However, the gel-like food described in Patent Document 3 is not used for the purpose of improving the masticatory power, and the gel strength does not enable improvement or maintenance of the masticatory power.

特許文献4には、顎の筋力強化に用いるトレーニングガムが開示されている。このトレーニングガムは、初期の剪断強度が1100〜2000gであり口中で3分間連続咀嚼したのちの剪断強度が440〜1200gである(請求項1)。   Patent Document 4 discloses a training gum used for strengthening jaw muscle strength. This training gum has an initial shear strength of 1100 to 2000 g and a shear strength of 440 to 1200 g after continuous chewing in the mouth for 3 minutes (Claim 1).

しかし、特許文献4に記載のトレーニングガムは、3分間などの所定の時間連続して咀嚼し続けるものであり、容易に噛み切ることができない。そのため、咀嚼機能を強化するために特許文献4に記載のようなトレーニングガムを使用した場合、咀嚼することに疲れてしまい、継続して行うことが困難である。また、特許文献4に記載のトレーニングガムは、ガムであるため咀嚼後飲み込むことができず、吐き出さなければならない。また、特許文献4には、トレーニングガムの物性値として剪断強度しか記載されていない。   However, the training gum described in Patent Document 4 is continuously chewed for a predetermined time such as 3 minutes and cannot be easily chewed. Therefore, when a training gum as described in Patent Document 4 is used to enhance the chewing function, it becomes tired of chewing and it is difficult to perform it continuously. Further, since the training gum described in Patent Document 4 is a gum, it cannot be swallowed after chewing and must be spit out. Patent Document 4 describes only shear strength as a physical property value of training gum.

特許文献5には、咀嚼力トレーニング用食品セットが開示されている。この食品セットは、破断ひずみが40%以上、かつ破断時弾性率が1〜120MPa(1×106N/m2〜120×106N/m2に相当)である咀嚼力検査用食品と、破断ひずみが40%以上、かつ破断時弾性率が0.5MPa(0.5×106N/m2に相当)以上である咀嚼力トレーニング用食品とを含む(請求項2)。 Patent Document 5 discloses a food set for mastication training. This food set includes a food for testing masticatory force having a breaking strain of 40% or more and an elastic modulus at break of 1 to 120 MPa (corresponding to 1 × 10 6 N / m 2 to 120 × 10 6 N / m 2 ). And a food for training masticatory force having a breaking strain of 40% or more and an elastic modulus at break of 0.5 MPa (corresponding to 0.5 × 10 6 N / m 2 ) or more (Claim 2).

しかし、特許文献5に記載の咀嚼力検査用食品および咀嚼力トレーニング用食品は非常に硬く、容易に噛み切ることができない。そのため、咀嚼機能を強化するために特許文献5に記載のような食品を使用した場合、咀嚼することに疲れてしまい、継続して行うことが困難である。   However, the food for mastication test and the food for mastication training described in Patent Document 5 are very hard and cannot be easily bitten. Therefore, when foods such as those described in Patent Document 5 are used to enhance the chewing function, they are tired of chewing and are difficult to continue.

特開昭64-10961号公報JP-A 64-10961 特開2011-62114号公報JP 2011-62114 A 特開2008-220362号公報JP 2008-220362 A 特開昭63-139553号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-139553 特開2015-146783号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-146783

河村洋二郎ら、「咀嚼機能強化食品による咀嚼訓練の効果」、Jpn.J.Oral Biol.、1989年、第31巻、第281-290頁Yojiro Kawamura et al., “Effect of Chewing Training with Foods with Enhanced Chewing Function”, Jpn. J. Oral Biol., 1989, Vol. 31, pp. 281-290

本発明は、容易に継続して摂取することができ、かつ咀嚼力を効率よく向上または維持させることができる組成物およびこれを用いた咀嚼力を向上させる方法を提供することを目的とする。   An object of this invention is to provide the composition which can be continuously ingested easily and can improve or maintain a masticatory power efficiently, and the method of improving the masticatory power using the same.

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を行い、ほぼ1回の咀嚼により噛み切ることができ、最終的に飲み込むことができ、かつ咀嚼力を効率よく向上または維持させることができる組成物の物性について検討した。本発明者らは、咀嚼力向上用組成物の破断強度および破断ひずみに着目し、様々な物性の組成物を用いて咀嚼時の筋活動量を測定した。その結果、ほぼ1回の咀嚼により噛み切ることができ、最終的に飲み込むことができ、かつ咀嚼力を向上または維持させることができる破断強度および破断ひずみの範囲を見出した。   The inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies to solve the above problems, can be bitten by almost one mastication, can finally be swallowed, and can efficiently improve or maintain the masticatory power. The physical properties of the possible compositions were examined. The present inventors paid attention to the breaking strength and breaking strain of the composition for improving masticatory power, and measured the amount of muscle activity during mastication using compositions having various physical properties. As a result, the present inventors have found a range of breaking strength and breaking strain that can be bitten by almost one time of chewing, can finally be swallowed, and can improve or maintain the chewing force.

本発明は、破断荷重が13Nより大きくかつ88N未満であり、破断ひずみが56%より大きい、咀嚼力向上用組成物を提供する。   The present invention provides a composition for improving the masticatory force, wherein the breaking load is greater than 13N and less than 88N, and the breaking strain is greater than 56%.

また本発明は、上記咀嚼力向上用組成物において、破断ひずみが96%以下である咀嚼力向上用組成物を提供する。   The present invention also provides a masticatory force improving composition having a breaking strain of 96% or less.

また本発明は、上記咀嚼力向上用組成物において、使用者が口に入れてから飲み込むまでの時間が90秒以内である咀嚼力向上用組成物を提供する。   The present invention also provides the composition for improving masticatory power, wherein the time from when the user puts it into the mouth to swallowing is within 90 seconds.

また本発明は、加工食品である、上記咀嚼力向上用組成物を提供する。   The present invention also provides the above composition for improving chewing ability, which is a processed food.

また本発明は、ゲル状の製剤またはゲル状の食品である、上記咀嚼力向上用組成物を提供する。   The present invention also provides the above composition for improving masticatory power, which is a gel-like preparation or a gel-like food.

また本発明は、個別に容器詰めされている、上記咀嚼力向上用組成物を提供する。   The present invention also provides the above composition for improving masticatory power, which is individually packaged.

また本発明は、破断荷重が13Nより大きくかつ88N未満であり、破断ひずみが56%より大きい組成物を提供することを含む、咀嚼力を向上させる方法を提供する。   The present invention also provides a method for improving masticatory force comprising providing a composition having a breaking load greater than 13N and less than 88N and a breaking strain greater than 56%.

本発明に係る咀嚼力向上用組成物は、所定の破断荷重および破断ひずみを備えているため、ほぼ1回の咀嚼により噛み切ることができ、最終的に飲み込むことができ、かつ咀嚼力を効率よく向上または維持させることができる。   Since the composition for improving masticatory power according to the present invention has a predetermined breaking load and breaking strain, it can be bitten by almost one time of chewing, can be swallowed finally, and the masticatory power is efficient. Can be improved or maintained well.

最大咬合時および食品摂取時に測定される咬筋の筋電図の一例を示す。An example of an electromyogram of the masseter muscle measured at the time of maximum occlusion and food intake is shown. 試験食品A〜Dについて測定した荷重-ひずみ曲線を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the load-strain curve measured about test food AD. 試験食品A〜Dについて測定した荷重-ひずみ曲線を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the load-strain curve measured about test food AD. 試験食品A〜Dについて、官能評価と最大筋活動比(右咬筋、前期)との関係を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the relationship between sensory evaluation and the maximum muscle activity ratio (right masseter, the first term) about test food AD. 試験食品Aに対する左右咬筋の正規化筋活動(%)を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the normalized muscle activity (%) of the right and left masseter muscles with respect to the test food A. 試験食品Bに対する左右咬筋の正規化筋活動(%)を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the normalization muscle activity (%) of the right and left masseter muscles with respect to the test food B. 試験食品Cに対する左右咬筋の正規化筋活動(%)を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the normalization muscle activity (%) of the right and left masseter muscles with respect to the test food C. 試験食品Dに対する左右咬筋の正規化筋活動(%)を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the normalization muscle activity (%) of the right and left masseter muscles with respect to the test food D.

本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、使用者の咀嚼力を向上または維持させるための組成物である。使用者は、本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物を咀嚼することにより、咀嚼力を向上または維持させることができる。   The composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention is a composition for improving or maintaining the chewing ability of a user. The user can improve or maintain the masticatory power by chewing the composition for improving the masticatory power of the present invention.

本明細書において「咀嚼する」とは、摂取した食物を歯で噛み、粉砕することをいう。本明細書において「咀嚼力」とは、摂取した食物を歯で噛み、粉砕する能力をいい、たとえば咀嚼筋の筋活動量にて表すことができる。咀嚼筋には、咬筋、側頭筋、外側翼突筋および内側翼突筋などが含まれる。   In the present specification, “chewing” refers to biting and crushing ingested food with teeth. In the present specification, “masticatory power” refers to the ability to chew and crush ingested food with teeth, and can be represented by, for example, the amount of muscle activity of the masticatory muscles. Masticatory muscles include the masseter, temporal, lateral and medial pterygoid muscles.

本明細書において「咀嚼力の向上」とは、咀嚼筋の筋力の向上を意味し、たとえば噛み切れなかった硬さの食物を噛み切ることができるようにすること、およびより少ない咀嚼回数で噛み切ることができるようにすることなどを含む。また、本明細書において「咀嚼力の維持」とは、現在の咀嚼筋の筋力を維持すること、および加齢などによる咀嚼力の低下を抑制することを含む。   In the present specification, “improving masticatory power” means improving the muscular strength of the masticatory muscles, for example, making it possible to chew food that has not been chewed, and chewing with less chewing times. Including making it possible to cut. In the present specification, “maintaining masticatory force” includes maintaining the current muscle force of the masticatory muscles and suppressing the decrease in masticatory force due to aging and the like.

本明細書において「破断荷重」(以下、「破断強度」ともいう。)とは、物質を圧縮させるように荷重を加えて弾性変形させ、物質が破断(破裂または内部破壊)するときの荷重値をいう。破断荷重は、物質の硬さまたは強度などを示す。また、本明細書において「破断ひずみ」とは、物質を圧縮させるように荷重を加えて弾性変形させ、物質が破断(破裂または内部破壊)するときの変化量(ひずみ)をいう。破断ひずみは、物質の弾力性を示す。   In this specification, “breaking load” (hereinafter, also referred to as “breaking strength”) is a load value when a material is elastically deformed by applying a load so as to compress the material, and the material breaks (ruptures or internal fracture). Say. The breaking load indicates the hardness or strength of the substance. Further, in this specification, “breaking strain” refers to a change amount (strain) when a material is elastically deformed by applying a load so as to compress the material, and the material breaks (ruptures or internal fractures). The breaking strain indicates the elasticity of the substance.

破断荷重および破断ひずみは、物質に荷重を加えて圧縮させたときの荷重値と変形量の関係を測定して荷重−変形曲線(荷重-ひずみ曲線)を作成することにより得ることができる。本発明における「破断荷重」および「破断ひずみ」は、たとえば底辺14mmおよび高さ25mmの三角形のくさび形治具を用いて対象物質を圧縮速度1mm/sで圧縮し、対象物質が破断するときの荷重値および変化量であることができる。   The breaking load and breaking strain can be obtained by measuring the relationship between a load value and a deformation amount when a substance is compressed by applying a load and creating a load-deformation curve (load-strain curve). The “breaking load” and “breaking strain” in the present invention are, for example, when a target substance is compressed at a compression speed of 1 mm / s using a triangular wedge jig having a base of 14 mm and a height of 25 mm, and the target substance is broken. It can be a load value and a change amount.

本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物の破断荷重は、13Nより大きく、好ましくは15N以上、より好ましくは18Nである。破断荷重が13Nより大きい場合、咀嚼するときに咀嚼筋を効果的に筋収縮させることができ、咀嚼力を効率よく向上または維持させることができる。また、本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物の破断荷重は、88N未満であり、好ましくは50N未満、より好ましくは30N未満、さらに好ましくは18Nである。破断荷重が88N未満であれば、硬すぎて噛む動作を抑制することなくリズミカルな咀嚼運動が可能である。また、ほぼ1回の咀嚼により噛み切ることができるため、飽きずに継続して食することができる。   The breaking load of the composition for improving masticatory power of the present invention is larger than 13N, preferably 15N or more, more preferably 18N. When the breaking load is greater than 13N, the masticatory muscles can be effectively contracted when chewing, and the masticatory force can be improved or maintained efficiently. Further, the breaking load of the composition for improving masticatory power of the present invention is less than 88N, preferably less than 50N, more preferably less than 30N, and still more preferably 18N. If the breaking load is less than 88 N, a rhythmic chewing motion is possible without suppressing the operation of chewing too hard. Moreover, since it can be bitten by almost one chewing, it is possible to continue eating without getting tired.

本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物の破断ひずみは、56%より大きく、好ましくは60%以上、より好ましくは64%以上、さらに好ましくは80%以上である。破断ひずみが56%より大きい場合、咀嚼するときに咀嚼筋を効果的に筋収縮させることができ、咀嚼力を効率よく向上させることができる。また、本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物の破断ひずみは、好ましくは96%以下である。破断ひずみが96%以下であれば、硬すぎて噛む動作を抑制することなくリズミカルな咀嚼運動が可能である。また、ほぼ1回の咀嚼により噛み切ることができるため、飽きずに継続して食することができる。   The breaking strain of the composition for improving masticatory power of the present invention is greater than 56%, preferably 60% or more, more preferably 64% or more, and further preferably 80% or more. When the breaking strain is greater than 56%, the masticatory muscles can be effectively contracted when chewing, and the masticatory force can be improved efficiently. Further, the breaking strain of the composition for improving masticatory power of the present invention is preferably 96% or less. If the breaking strain is 96% or less, a rhythmic mastication motion is possible without suppressing the operation of chewing too hard. Moreover, since it can be bitten by almost one chewing, it is possible to continue eating without getting tired.

本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、破断ひずみが大きい(弾力性が高い)ため、従来の咀嚼力向上用の食品等と比較して破断荷重が小さくても、咀嚼するときに咀嚼筋を効果的に筋収縮させることができ、咀嚼力を効率よく向上させることができる。また、本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、従来の咀嚼力向上用の食品等と比較して破断荷重が小さいため、硬すぎて噛む動作を抑制することなくリズミカルな咀嚼運動が可能である。また、ほぼ1回の咀嚼により噛み切ることができるため、飽きずに継続して摂取することができる。   Since the composition for improving masticatory power of the present invention has a large breaking strain (high elasticity), even when the breaking load is small as compared with conventional foods for improving masticatory power, the masticatory muscles are used when chewing. The muscles can be contracted effectively, and the masticatory force can be improved efficiently. In addition, the composition for improving masticatory power of the present invention has a smaller breaking load than conventional foods for improving masticatory power, so that it is too hard and can perform a rhythmic masticatory motion without suppressing chewing action. . In addition, since it can be bitten by almost one chewing, it can be ingested continuously without getting tired.

本明細書において組成物を「噛み切る」とは、組成物の少なくとも一部を分断することをいい、組成物を2つ以上の塊に分断することだけでなく、組成物に切れ込みを入れることをも含む。本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、最終的に飲み込むことができる組成物であることができ、口に入れてから好ましくは90秒以内、より好ましくは60秒以内、さらに好ましくは30秒以内に飲み込むことができる。   As used herein, “chewing” a composition refers to dividing at least a portion of the composition, and not only dividing the composition into two or more lumps, but also cutting the composition. Is also included. The composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention can be a composition that can be finally swallowed, and is preferably within 90 seconds, more preferably within 60 seconds, and even more preferably within 30 seconds after entering the mouth. Can be swallowed.

本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、食品、医薬品および化粧品などの形態であることができる。本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、上述した物性を備えていれば、いかなる形態であってもよい。たとえば、本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、上述した物性を備えたゲル状の製剤またはゲル状の食品であることができる。本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、ゲル状の製剤またはゲル状の食品である場合には、増粘剤を含むことができる。増粘剤としては、、グリセリン、ゼラチン、ペクチン、グアーガム、キサンタンガム、タマリンドガム、カラギーナン、加工デンプン、寒天、低強度寒天、プルラン、ネイティブジェランガム、ウェランガム、サクシノグリカン、ローカストビーンガムおよびカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウムなどを用いることができる。また、本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、必要に応じて糖質、酸味料、香料および着色料などをさらに含んでもよい。ゲル状の製剤またはゲル状の食品としては、たとえばグミキャンディおよびゼリーなどが挙げられる。   The composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention can be in the form of food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and the like. The composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention may be in any form as long as it has the above-described physical properties. For example, the composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention can be a gel-like preparation or a gel-like food having the above-described physical properties. When the composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention is a gel-like preparation or a gel-like food, it can contain a thickener. Thickeners include glycerin, gelatin, pectin, guar gum, xanthan gum, tamarind gum, carrageenan, modified starch, agar, low-strength agar, pullulan, native gellan gum, welan gum, succinoglycan, locust bean gum and carboxymethylcellulose sodium Can be used. Moreover, the composition for improving the chewing ability of the present invention may further contain a saccharide, a sour agent, a fragrance, a coloring agent, and the like, if necessary. Examples of the gel-like preparation or the gel-like food include gummy candy and jelly.

本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、ゲル状の製剤またはゲル状の食品である場合には、任意の公知の方法を用いて製造することができる。たとえば、本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、増粘剤と水とを混合して溶解させ、必要に応じてその他の成分を加えて混合した後、冷却することによって製造することができる。増粘剤の種類および濃度は、咀嚼力向上用組成物を上述したような物性とするために、適宜調整することができる。   When the composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention is a gel-like preparation or a gel-like food, it can be produced using any known method. For example, the composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention can be produced by mixing and dissolving a thickener and water, adding and mixing other components as necessary, and then cooling. The type and concentration of the thickener can be adjusted as appropriate in order to make the composition for improving masticatory power the above-described physical properties.

また、本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、上述した物性を備えた食品、特に加工食品であってもよい。加工食品とは、天然の食材に任意の加工を加えた食品をいう。本発明における加工食品は、たとえば、乳製品、小麦粉製品、魚肉成形品、おつまみおよび菓子類などであることができる。乳製品には、たとえばチーズなどが含まれる。小麦粉製品には、たとえば麺類、マカロニおよびパンなどが含まれる。魚肉成形品には、たとえば、かまぼこ、スルメおよび燻製などが含まれる。おつまみには、ビーフジャーキーなどが含まれる。菓子類には、たとえばグミキャンディおよびゼリーなどが含まれる。   In addition, the composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention may be a food having the above-described physical properties, particularly a processed food. Processed food means food obtained by adding arbitrary processing to natural ingredients. The processed food in the present invention can be, for example, a dairy product, a flour product, a fish meat molded product, a snack, and confectionery. The dairy product includes, for example, cheese. Wheat flour products include, for example, noodles, macaroni and bread. Fish meat molded products include, for example, kamaboko, plums and smoked products. Snacks include beef jerky. Examples of confectionery include gummy candy and jelly.

本明細書において、「食品」には、一般食品、機能性食品、特定保健用食品、病者用食品およびサプリメントなどが含まれる。   In the present specification, the “food” includes general foods, functional foods, foods for specified health use, foods for sick people, supplements, and the like.

本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物の大きさは、特に限定されず、一口サイズであってもよいし、それより大きいサイズであってもよい。「一口サイズ」とは、一口で食べられるサイズ、すなわち噛み切ることなく一回で口に入れることができるサイズを意味する。本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、ほぼ1回の咀嚼により噛み切ることができるため、一口サイズより大きい場合でも容易に摂取することができる。   The size of the composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a bite size or a larger size. “Bite size” means a size that can be eaten with a bite, that is, a size that can be put into the mouth at one time without being bitten. Since the composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention can be chewed by almost one chewing, it can be easily taken even if it is larger than a bite size.

本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、容器詰めされてもよい。たとえば、本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、個別に容器詰め(個包装)されてもよいし、複数個まとめて容器詰めされてもよい。咀嚼力向上用組成物が個包装される場合、組成物同士が互いに接触して癒着することを防止することができ、癒着を防止するための工程を省くことが可能になる。容器には、特に限定されず、食品、医薬品および化粧品を包装することが可能な公知の材質および形状の容器を用いることができる。たとえば、容器は、咀嚼力向上用組成物が一つ一つ別々に詰められるトレイ状の容器でもよく、また、トレイ状の容器は複数個連結されてもよい。   The composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention may be packaged. For example, the composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention may be individually packaged (individually packaged), or a plurality of the compositions may be packaged together. When the composition for improving masticatory power is individually packaged, the compositions can be prevented from coming into contact with each other and adhering to each other, and a step for preventing adhesion can be omitted. The container is not particularly limited, and a container having a known material and shape capable of packaging food, medicine and cosmetics can be used. For example, the container may be a tray-shaped container in which the masticatory power improving compositions are individually packed, and a plurality of tray-shaped containers may be connected.

本発明はまた、咀嚼力を向上させる方法を提供する。本発明の方法は、上述したような咀嚼力向上用組成物を提供することを含む。すなわち、本発明の方法は、破断荷重が13Nより大きくかつ88N未満であり、破断ひずみが56%より大きい組成物を提供することを含む。本発明の方法に用いる組成物は、上述した咀嚼力向上用組成物と同様の物性であることができる。   The present invention also provides a method for improving masticatory power. The method of the present invention includes providing a composition for improving masticatory power as described above. That is, the method of the present invention includes providing a composition having a breaking load greater than 13N and less than 88N and a breaking strain greater than 56%. The composition used in the method of the present invention can have the same physical properties as the above-described composition for improving chewing ability.

本発明の方法において、「咀嚼力向上用組成物を提供する」ことは、咀嚼力の向上が望まれる対象(以下、「使用者」ともいう。)に咀嚼力向上用組成物を提供することを含む。本発明の方法はまた、使用者に咀嚼力向上用組成物を使用させることを含んでもよい。「咀嚼力向上用組成物を使用する」とは、咀嚼力向上用組成物を咀嚼することを意味し、たとえば咀嚼力向上用組成物を口に入れ、歯で噛み、粉砕し、さらに飲み込むことが含まれてもよい。本発明の方法では、咀嚼力向上用組成物を提供された使用者は、咀嚼力向上用組成物を数回〜数十回噛んでよく咀嚼した後に飲み込むことができる。   In the method of the present invention, “providing a composition for improving masticatory power” means providing a composition for improving masticatory power to an object for which improvement of masticatory power is desired (hereinafter also referred to as “user”). including. The method of the present invention may also include allowing the user to use a composition for improving chewing ability. “Using the composition for improving chewing ability” means chewing the composition for improving chewing ability. For example, the composition for improving chewing ability is put in the mouth, chewed with teeth, pulverized, and further swallowed May be included. In the method of the present invention, the user provided with the masticatory power improving composition can swallow the chewing power improving composition after chewing it several times to several tens of times.

使用者が咀嚼力向上用組成物を使用する頻度および期間等は、特に限定されず、使用者の年齢および咀嚼力などに応じて適宜設定することができる。たとえば、本発明の方法において、咀嚼力向上用組成物を口に入れて咀嚼し、飲み込むまでの作業(以下、「咀嚼力向上用組成物の使用」という。)は、たとえば1日1回行ってもよく、1日2回以上行ってもよい。また、咀嚼力向上用組成物の使用は、連続して複数回行ってもよい。また、本発明の方法は、たとえば1週間、数週間、数ヶ月またはそれ以上の期間、継続して行うことができる。本組成物は破断しにくく弾性に富む物性であり、2〜3回の咀嚼だけでは細かく砕くことはできず、飲み込むまでに多くの咀嚼回数を要する。そのため、本組成物の使用を1日1回以上かつ継続して行うことによって、咀嚼力を効果的に向上または維持させることができる。   The frequency and period of use of the masticatory power improving composition by the user are not particularly limited, and can be set as appropriate according to the user's age and masticatory power. For example, in the method of the present invention, the operation until the chewing ability improving composition is put in the mouth and chewed and swallowed (hereinafter referred to as “use of the composition for improving chewing ability”) is performed once a day, for example. It may be performed twice a day or more. Moreover, you may perform use of the composition for masticatory power improvement in multiple times continuously. Further, the method of the present invention can be continuously performed, for example, for a period of one week, several weeks, several months or more. This composition is hard to break and has excellent elasticity, and cannot be finely crushed only by 2 to 3 chewing cycles, and requires many chewing cycles before swallowing. Therefore, masticatory power can be effectively improved or maintained by continuously using the composition once or more a day.

本発明の方法に用いる組成物は、破断荷重が88N未満であるため、硬すぎて噛む動作を抑制することなくリズミカルな咀嚼運動が可能である。また、ほぼ1回の咀嚼により噛み切ることができる。そのため、使用者が組成物を口に入れてから飲み込むまでの時間は、好ましくは90秒以内、より好ましくは60秒以内、さらに好ましくは30秒以内である。また、本発明の方法に用いる組成物は、最終的に飲み込むことができるため、本発明の方法は連続して複数回行うことが容易である。したがって、本発明の方法であれば、楽に継続して行うことができるため、咀嚼力を効率よく向上または維持させることができる。   Since the composition used in the method of the present invention has a breaking load of less than 88 N, it is too hard and can perform a rhythmic chewing movement without suppressing the biting operation. Moreover, it can be bitten by almost one mastication. Therefore, the time from when the user puts the composition into the mouth until it is swallowed is preferably within 90 seconds, more preferably within 60 seconds, and even more preferably within 30 seconds. In addition, since the composition used in the method of the present invention can be swallowed finally, the method of the present invention can be easily performed a plurality of times in succession. Therefore, if it is the method of this invention, since it can carry out easily and continuously, a masticatory force can be improved or maintained efficiently.

本発明の方法は、医師が行う治療的方法および医師以外の者が行う非治療的方法を含む。   The methods of the present invention include therapeutic methods performed by a physician and non-therapeutic methods performed by a non-doctor.

本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物および方法は、特に限定されず、子供から大人まで、咀嚼力の向上が望まれる対象に適用することができる。本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、たとえば子供の咀嚼力の向上のために使用してもよい。また、本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物は、咀嚼力が低下し始める年齢または咀嚼力が低下した年齢、たとえば50〜60歳代の人を対象にしてもよい。このような世代が本発明の咀嚼力向上用組成物を日常的に摂取することにより、咀嚼力を維持または向上させることができ、老後において硬いものを噛む力を維持することができる。   The composition and method for improving chewing ability of the present invention are not particularly limited, and can be applied to subjects from children to adults who want to improve chewing ability. The composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention may be used, for example, for improving the chewing ability of a child. Moreover, the composition for improving masticatory power of the present invention may be intended for people who have an age at which the masticatory power starts to decrease or an age at which the masticatory power has decreased, for example, those in their 50s and 60s. When such a generation daily ingests the composition for improving chewing ability of the present invention, the chewing ability can be maintained or improved, and the ability to chew hard objects after aging can be maintained.

以下に実施例を示し、本発明の実施の形態についてさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, examples will be shown and the embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

〔試験食品の準備〕
(試験食品A)
試験食品Aの原材料の配合割合を表1に示す。試験食品Aは、以下のように作製した。
[Preparation of test food]
(Test food A)
Table 1 shows the mixing ratio of the ingredients of test food A. Test food A was prepared as follows.

ゼラチンに等量の水を加え、65℃で30分間湯煎して膨潤させた。一方、砂糖に1/4量の水を加え、水あめおよびペクチンと共に混合して加温し、Brix値が90程度になるまで煮詰めた。これに、膨潤したゼラチン、クエン酸、果汁および香料を加え、最終Brix値が82となるように調整した。型に注ぎ、室温で1週間静置し、試験食品Aとした。   An equal amount of water was added to gelatin, and the mixture was swelled by boiling in water at 65 ° C. for 30 minutes. On the other hand, 1/4 amount of water was added to sugar, mixed with candy and pectin, heated, and boiled until the Brix value was about 90. To this, swollen gelatin, citric acid, fruit juice and flavor were added to adjust the final Brix value to 82. Poured into a mold and allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 week to obtain test food A.

(試験食品B)
試験食品Bの原材料の配合割合を表1に示す。試験食品Bは、以下のように作製した。
(Test food B)
Table 1 shows the mixing ratio of the raw materials of test food B. Test food B was prepared as follows.

ゼラチンに等量の水を加え65℃で30分間湯煎して膨潤させた。一方、砂糖に1/4量の水を加え、異性化糖および加工デンプンと共に混合して加温し、Brix値が90程度になるまで煮詰めた。これに、膨潤したゼラチンおよびpH調整剤を加え、最終Brix値が82となるように調整した。型に注ぎ、室温で1週間静置し、試験食品Bとした。   An equal amount of water was added to gelatin, and the mixture was swelled by boiling in water at 65 ° C. for 30 minutes. On the other hand, 1/4 amount of water was added to sugar, mixed with isomerized sugar and modified starch, heated, and boiled until Brix value reached about 90. To this, swollen gelatin and a pH adjuster were added to adjust the final Brix value to 82. Poured into a mold and allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 week to obtain test food B.

(試験食品CおよびD)
試験食品Cおよび試験食品Dの原材料の配合割合を表1に示す。試験食品Cおよび試験食品Dは、以下のように作製した。
(Test food C and D)
Table 1 shows the mixing ratio of the raw materials of test food C and test food D. Test food C and test food D were prepared as follows.

まず、タマリンドガムと水を撹拌しながら混合し、90℃10分以上で加温しながら溶解させた。その後、トレハロース、砂糖、クエン酸、乳酸カルシウム、グリセリン、着色料および香料を加え、90℃で5分以上で撹拌しながら原材料を溶解した後、型(タテ13mm、ヨコ20mm、長さ60mm)に充填した。充填後に冷蔵庫(4℃)で一晩保管し、試験食品Aおよび試験食品Bと同等のサイズ(2cm×1.5cm×1cm、2.75±0.25g)となるようにカットして、試験食品Cおよび試験食品Dを作製した。   First, tamarind gum and water were mixed with stirring, and dissolved while heating at 90 ° C. for 10 minutes or more. Then, add trehalose, sugar, citric acid, calcium lactate, glycerin, coloring and flavoring, dissolve the raw materials with stirring at 90 ° C for 5 minutes or more, and then into the mold (vertical 13mm, horizontal 20mm, length 60mm) Filled. After filling, store it overnight in a refrigerator (4 ° C), cut it to the same size as test food A and test food B (2cm x 1.5cm x 1cm, 2.75 ± 0.25g), test food C and test Food D was prepared.

Figure 2018000106
Figure 2018000106

〔測定方法〕
(破断ひずみおよび破断強度)
破断ひずみ(弾力性)および破断強度(硬さ)は、クリープメータ(山電社;REONER II RE2-3305B形、幅30mm)を用いて測定した。具体的には、くさび形治具(底辺14mmおよび高さ25mmの三角形)の間に試験食品1個をセットして、圧縮速度1mm/sで圧縮し、破断ひずみおよび破断強度を測定した。
〔Measuring method〕
(Breaking strain and breaking strength)
The breaking strain (elasticity) and breaking strength (hardness) were measured using a creep meter (Yamadensha; REONER II RE2-3305B type, width 30 mm). Specifically, one test food was set between a wedge-shaped jig (a triangle with a base of 14 mm and a height of 25 mm), and compressed at a compression rate of 1 mm / s, and the breaking strain and breaking strength were measured.

(咀嚼力)
咀嚼力は、咬筋の最大筋活動比として測定した。被験者は、健常な女性22名とした。被験者の左右の咬筋には、表面電極として、皿型表面電極EL258S(バイオパック社製)を1箇所につき2個貼り付けた。さらにアース電極を前額に貼付し、喉には、喉頭マイクロフォンを設置した。そして、筋電図用アンプEMG100C(バイオパック社製)に筋電図を取り込み、波形分析ソフトAcqKnowledge(バイオパック社製)を用いて解析した。被験者に、5秒間以上、最大の力(最大咬合に相当する)で噛みしめてもらい(クレンチング)、その際に得られる筋電位情報を最大咬合とした。図1は、最大咬合時および食品摂取時に測定される咬筋の筋電図の一例を示す。
(Chewing power)
The masticatory force was measured as the maximum muscle activity ratio of the masseter muscle. Subjects were 22 healthy women. Two dish-shaped surface electrodes EL258S (manufactured by Biopack) were attached to the subject's left and right masseter muscles as surface electrodes. In addition, a ground electrode was attached to the forehead, and a laryngeal microphone was installed in the throat. The electromyogram was taken into an electromyogram amplifier EMG100C (Biopack) and analyzed using waveform analysis software AcqKnowledge (Biopack). The subject was allowed to bite with a maximum force (corresponding to the maximum occlusion) for 5 seconds or longer (clenching), and the electromyogram information obtained at that time was regarded as the maximum occlusion. FIG. 1 shows an example of an electromyogram of the masseter muscle measured at maximum occlusion and food intake.

次に、被験者が試験食品A〜Dを各4個、1粒ずつ自由に咀嚼した時の左右の咬筋の筋電位を測定した。喫食時間は、筋電図より、試料の食べ始めから食べ終わり(最後の嚥下まで)の時間を選択した。喫食時間を前期・中期・後期に3分割し、各々の時間帯について、以下の式を用いて筋活動量より咬筋の最大筋活動比(%筋活動)を算出した(図1を参照)。
最大筋活動比=試料喫食時の筋活動量/処理時間/クレンチング(最大の力での噛みしめ)1秒当たり活動量×100(%)。
Next, the myoelectric potentials of the left and right masseter muscles were measured when the test subject freely chewed four test foods A to D one by one. As the eating time, the time from the start of eating the sample to the end of eating (until the last swallowing) was selected from the electromyogram. The eating time was divided into the first, middle and late periods, and the maximum muscle activity ratio (% muscle activity) of the masseter was calculated from the amount of muscle activity using the following formula for each time zone (see Fig. 1).
Maximum muscle activity ratio = muscle activity during sample eating / processing time / clenching (biting at maximum force) activity per second x 100 (%).

なお、筋活動量は、試料喫食時の咬筋の筋電図について、波形を正方向に原波形のマイナスの部分をプラスに折り返して積分波形に変換し、波形の面積を求めて筋活動量とした。筋活動量は、左右それぞれの筋について、被験者ごとに最大値を示した試料の筋活動量を基準として正規化した。咬筋活動量は、左右の平均値とした。   Note that the amount of muscle activity is the EMG of the masseter muscle at the time of sample eating. The waveform is converted to an integrated waveform by folding the negative part of the original waveform in the positive direction, and the area of the waveform is obtained. did. The amount of muscle activity was normalized based on the amount of muscle activity of the sample showing the maximum value for each subject for each of the left and right muscles. The masseter activity was the average value of the left and right.

食べ始めが最も試料の原型を残し、負荷が大きいと考えられることから、喫食時間を3分割して前期、中期および後期とし、そのうち前期の最大筋活動比を、「最大筋活動比」として評価した。   Since the beginning of eating leaves the most prototype of the sample and the load is considered to be large, the eating time is divided into three parts, the first half, the middle and the second half, and the maximum muscle activity ratio of the first half is evaluated as the `` maximum muscle activity ratio '' did.

(官能評価)
試験食品A〜Dを喫食した被験者にアンケートを行い、試験食品の喫食時の硬さについて官能評価を行った。官能評価は、「楽に噛める」場合を「1」、「硬いが噛める」場合を「2」、「とても硬い」場合を「3」および「噛むのをためらうほど硬く感じる」場合を「4」として4段階にて評価した。各試験食品の評価結果として、各被験者の評価の平均値を算出した。
(sensory evaluation)
A questionnaire was given to the subjects who ate the test foods A to D, and sensory evaluation was performed on the hardness of the test food at the time of eating. The sensory evaluation is `` 1 '' for `` biting comfortably '', `` 2 '' for `` hard but chewing '', `` 3 '' for `` very hard '' and `` 4 '' for `` feeling stiff enough to chew '' Evaluation was made in 4 stages. As an evaluation result of each test food, an average value of evaluation of each subject was calculated.

〔試験結果〕
(破断ひずみおよび破断強度)
試験食品A〜Dについて、上述した方法を用いて破断ひずみおよび破断強度を測定した。その結果を表2に示す。また、図2および図3に荷重-ひずみ曲線を示す。
〔Test results〕
(Breaking strain and breaking strength)
For the test foods A to D, the breaking strain and breaking strength were measured using the methods described above. The results are shown in Table 2. 2 and 3 show load-strain curves.

Figure 2018000106
Figure 2018000106

試験食品Aは、他の3つの試験食品と比較して破断強度が最も大きかった。これは、試験食品Aが試験食品B〜Dと比較して硬いことを意味する。試験食品Bおよび試験食品Cは、破断強度が同程度であった。一方、試験食品Bは、試験食品Cと比較して破断ひずみが大きく、試験食品Aと同程度の破断ひずみを有することが分かった。これは、試験食品Bの弾力性が試験食品Cと比較して大きいことを示す。試験食品Dは、他の3つの試験食品と比較して破断強度および破断ひずみが最も小さかった。   Test food A had the highest breaking strength compared to the other three test foods. This means that the test food A is harder than the test foods B to D. Test food B and test food C had the same breaking strength. On the other hand, it was found that the test food B had a larger breaking strain than the test food C, and had the same breaking strain as the test food A. This indicates that the elasticity of the test food B is larger than that of the test food C. Test food D had the smallest breaking strength and breaking strain compared to the other three test foods.

(最大筋活動比および官能評価)
上述した方法により、試験食品A〜Dに対する筋活動量を測定し、最大筋活動比を算出した。また、試験食品A〜Dについて、官能評価を行った。なお、各被験者が試験食品A〜Dそれぞれを食べ始めてから飲み込むまでの時間(摂取時間)は、全て1分以内であった。摂取時間の平均は、最も硬い試験食品Aでも30秒程度であった。
(Maximum muscle activity ratio and sensory evaluation)
By the method described above, the amount of muscle activity for the test foods A to D was measured, and the maximum muscle activity ratio was calculated. Moreover, sensory evaluation was performed about test food AD. In addition, the time (ingestion time) from when each subject started eating each of the test foods A to D to swallowing was all within 1 minute. The average intake time was about 30 seconds even with the hardest test food A.

図4は、試験食品A〜Dについて、官能評価と最大筋活動比(右咬筋、前期)との関係を示すグラフである。図4に示すように、官能評価と最大筋活動比とは、概ね比例関係を示した。   FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between sensory evaluation and the maximum muscle activity ratio (right masseter, first term) for test foods A to D. As shown in FIG. 4, the sensory evaluation and the maximum muscle activity ratio showed a generally proportional relationship.

一般的に、筋力は、最大筋力の20〜30%の筋収縮(筋活動)を行うことによって維持され、最大筋力の30%以上の筋収縮を行うことにより徐々に増加すると言われている。図4に示すように、試験食品AおよびBは、最大筋力の30%以上の筋活動を起こすため、咀嚼力の向上効果を有することが示された。また、試験食品Cは、最大筋力の20〜30%の筋活動を起こすため、咀嚼力を維持する効果を有することが示された。試験食品Dが起こすことができる筋活動量は、咀嚼力を維持するために必要な筋活動量(最大筋力の20%)を若干下回った。   In general, it is said that muscle strength is maintained by performing muscle contraction (muscle activity) of 20 to 30% of the maximum muscle strength, and gradually increases by performing muscle contraction of 30% or more of the maximum muscle strength. As shown in FIG. 4, since the test foods A and B cause muscle activity of 30% or more of the maximum muscle strength, it was shown that they have an effect of improving masticatory power. Moreover, it was shown that the test food C has an effect of maintaining the masticatory force because it causes muscle activity of 20 to 30% of the maximum muscle strength. The amount of muscle activity that can be caused by test food D was slightly lower than the amount of muscle activity necessary to maintain masticatory power (20% of maximum muscle strength).

また、官能評価の結果から、試験食品Aは、被験者の多くが「とても硬い」と感じる硬さであることが分かった。一方、試験食品BおよびCは、試験食品Aと比較して、容易に噛むことができる硬さであることが分かった。これは、試験食品BおよびCの破断荷重が試験食品Aよりも小さいからであると考えられる。   Moreover, from the result of sensory evaluation, it was found that the test food A had a hardness that many subjects felt “very hard”. On the other hand, it was found that test foods B and C were harder to chew than test food A. This is presumably because the breaking load of the test foods B and C is smaller than that of the test food A.

また、試験食品Bの官能評価(被験者が感じる硬さ)は試験食品Cと同程度であるにもかかわらず、試験食品Bに対する最大筋活動比は、試験食品Cよりも高かった。すなわち、試験食品Bは、試験食品Cと同程度の噛みやすさを有するにもかかわらず、試験食品Cよりも咀嚼筋に高い負荷を与えることができることが分かった。この結果から、破断ひずみ(弾力性)が大きい食品は、試験食品Bのように破断強度(硬さ)がそれほど大きくなくても咀嚼の筋力の発揮が要求され、咀嚼力の維持または向上に有効であることが示された。試験食品Dは、楽に噛める硬さであるが、最大筋活動比もまた低かった。   In addition, the sensory evaluation of test food B (the hardness felt by the subject) was similar to that of test food C, but the maximum muscle activity ratio to test food B was higher than that of test food C. That is, it was found that the test food B can give a higher load to the masticatory muscles than the test food C, although the test food B has the same ease of chewing as the test food C. From these results, foods with a high breaking strain (elasticity) are required to demonstrate the strength of mastication even if the breaking strength (hardness) is not so high as in test food B, which is effective in maintaining or improving the masticatory power. It was shown that. Test food D was hard to chew, but the maximum muscle activity ratio was also low.

以上の結果から、咀嚼力を効率よく向上または維持させるために、破断荷重および破断ひずみは、試験食品Dよりも高いことが望ましいことが示された。また、硬すぎることなく、飽きずに継続して食するために、破断荷重は、試験食品Aよりも小さいことが望ましいことが示された。   From the above results, it was shown that the breaking load and breaking strain are desirably higher than those of the test food D in order to efficiently improve or maintain the masticatory force. Further, it was shown that the breaking load is desirably smaller than that of the test food A in order to continue eating without getting tired without being too hard.

(正規化筋活動)
被験者が各試験食品を4回喫食した時のそれぞれの筋活動量を、各被験者の全期(前期・中期・後期)における左右の筋活動量の最大値を100として正規化した(正規化筋活動)。図5〜8は、各試験食品に対する左右咬筋の正規化筋活動を示すグラフである。
(Normalized muscle activity)
The amount of muscle activity when the subject ate each test food four times was normalized with the maximum value of the left and right muscle activity in all subjects (early, middle, and late) as 100 (normalized muscle) Activity). 5-8 are graphs showing the normalized muscle activity of the left and right masseter for each test food.

図5および図6のグラフに示すように、試験食品Aおよび試験食品Bの前期において、右咬筋と左咬筋の筋活動量に有意な差があった。これは、試験食品AおよびBが硬いため、虫歯や治療された歯がなく、より筋力を発揮できる側(今回の被験者では、右側)で強く噛んだことを意味する。このように、左右の筋活動量に差が見られるような場合には、咀嚼するための筋肉に負荷がかかっている状態であり、咀嚼力の向上に有効であるといえる。   As shown in the graphs of FIGS. 5 and 6, there was a significant difference in the amount of muscle activity between the right masseter muscle and the left masseter muscle in the first period of test food A and test food B. This means that test foods A and B were hard, so there were no caries or treated teeth, and they chewed strongly on the side that could exert more muscular strength (right side in this test subject). Thus, when there is a difference in the amount of left and right muscle activity, the muscle for mastication is under load, which can be said to be effective in improving the masticatory power.

本発明は、咀嚼力を向上させるための医薬、食品および化粧品などに好適に利用することができる。   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used for medicines, foods, cosmetics and the like for improving chewing power.

Claims (7)

破断荷重が13Nより大きくかつ88N未満であり、破断ひずみが56%より大きい、咀嚼力向上用組成物。   A composition for improving masticatory force, wherein the breaking load is greater than 13N and less than 88N, and the breaking strain is greater than 56%. 破断ひずみが96%以下である、請求項1に記載の咀嚼力向上用組成物。   2. The composition for improving masticatory power according to claim 1, wherein the breaking strain is 96% or less. 使用者が口に入れてから飲み込むまでの時間が90秒以内である、請求項1または2に記載の咀嚼力向上用組成物。   3. The composition for improving masticatory power according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the time from when the user puts into the mouth to swallowing is within 90 seconds. 加工食品である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の咀嚼力向上用組成物。   The composition for improving masticatory power according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a processed food. ゲル状の製剤またはゲル状の食品である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の咀嚼力向上用組成物。   The composition for improving masticatory power according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a gel-form preparation or a gel-form food. 個別に容器詰めされている、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の咀嚼力向上用組成物。   The composition for improving masticatory power according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is individually packed in a container. 破断荷重が13Nより大きくかつ88N未満であり、破断ひずみが56%より大きい組成物を提供することを含む、咀嚼力を向上させる方法。

A method of improving masticatory force comprising providing a composition having a breaking load greater than 13N and less than 88N and a breaking strain greater than 56%.

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