JP2017526464A - Absorbent article comprising topsheet / trapping layer laminate - Google Patents

Abstract

An absorbent article for personal hygiene includes a longitudinal axis, a transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, a liquid permeable topsheet, a capture layer, a liquid impervious backsheet, an absorbent core, Is provided. The absorbent core is disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet and comprises an absorbent material, and the width of the acquisition layer in a direction parallel to the transverse axis is in a direction parallel to the transverse axis. It is less than the width of the top sheet. The absorbent article includes a topsheet / capture layer laminate, the topsheet / capture layer laminate including a liquid permeable topsheet and a capture layer facing each other. The topsheet / capture layer stack includes a three-dimensional protrusion that extends from the plane of the topsheet / capture layer stack.

Description

  Absorbent articles for personal hygiene are provided, such as baby diapers, training pants, feminine hygiene sanitary napkins, or adult incontinence products. The absorbent article comprises a topsheet / capture layer laminate.

  Typically, the absorbent article comprises a topsheet, a backsheet, and an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet. The absorbent article can further comprise a capture layer and optionally a diffusion layer. The acquisition layer can receive liquid excrement from the top sheet and temporarily store it. Thereafter, an optional diffusion layer can accept the liquid waste from the capture layer and disperse and transport the liquid waste to the absorbent core to effectively use the absorbent core. Such absorbent articles exhibit good fluid handling properties.

  Topsheets with a three-dimensional (3D) structure have been developed. See, for example, US Patent Application Publication No. 2014 / 0121625A1.

US Patent Application Publication No. 2014 / 0121625A1

  There is still a need for further improvement in topsheets having a three-dimensional structure.

  Soft, with improved dry feel and improved fluid handling properties (eg, less rewet on topsheet, etc.) while still satisfying the wearer's physical and sensory comfort in addition to leakage prevention There is still a need for development of a skin contact layer having a three-dimensional structure for use in absorbent articles in order to provide a smooth skin contact layer.

  Absorbent for personal hygiene comprising a longitudinal axis, a transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, a liquid permeable topsheet, a capture layer, a liquid impermeable backsheet, and an absorbent core Provide the goods. The absorbent core is disposed between the top sheet and the back sheet. The absorbent core includes an absorbent material. The width of the acquisition layer in the direction parallel to the transverse axis is less than the width of the topsheet in the direction parallel to the transverse axis. The absorbent article includes a topsheet / capture layer laminate, the topsheet / capture layer laminate including a liquid permeable topsheet and a capture layer facing each other, the topsheet / capture layer laminate being a topsheet / A three-dimensional protrusion extending from the plane of the acquisition layer stack is provided. The three-dimensional protrusion is formed from the fibers of the topsheet and acquisition layer. Most three-dimensional protrusions each have a base forming an opening, a distal portion located on the opposite side, and one or more between the base and distal portions of most three-dimensional protrusions Includes sidewalls. The base, the distal portion, and the one or more side walls are formed of fibers so that most three-dimensional protrusions have openings only at the base. The topsheet / trapping layer laminate has a liquid value in the topsheet of less than 220 mg, less than 200 mg, less than 180 mg, less than 120 mg, or less than 80 mg according to the liquid in topsheet method. The absorbent article has a total acquisition time of less than 400 seconds, less than 300 seconds, less than 250 seconds, less than 200 seconds, or less than 150 seconds, according to the planar capture test method.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer stack may have a measured protrusion height of at least 0.5 mm according to the protrusion height test method.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer stack may have a measured protrusion base width of the three-dimensional protrusion of at least 0.5 mm according to the protrusion base width test method.

  Most three-dimensional protrusions are more than 50%, or more than 60%, or more than 70%, or more than 80%, or more than 90%, or 95% of the three-dimensional protrusions in the topsheet / capture layer laminate May be greater than or greater than 98%.

  The topsheet / trapping layer laminate may have a topsheet load of less than 0.7 g / g, preferably less than 0.5 g / g, according to the topsheet liquid method.

  The maximum inner width of the cavity region at the distal portion may be wider than the protrusion base width of the base of most three-dimensional protrusions. The measurement of the base width of the base protrusion or the maximum inner width of the cavity region at the distal portion can be made using a 20 × magnification micrograph.

  The fibers of the topsheet and acquisition layer in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer stack may substantially or completely cover one or more sidewalls of most three-dimensional protrusions.

  Most three-dimensional protrusions remain open at their respective bases that form the openings, and the base widths of the respective protrusions that form the openings after pressing are 0.5 mm according to the accelerated compression method. It may be configured to collapse in a controlled manner to be super.

  The width of the capture layer in the topsheet / capture layer stack may not be greater than 40% of the width of the diffusion layer and / or greater than 20% of the absorbent core width.

  The absorbent article may include a gasket cuff.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer stack may be present at least in the region where the topsheet overlaps the trapping layer in the topsheet / capture layer stack or only in that region.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer laminate may be in a region extending parallel to the transverse axis of the absorbent article. Most three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer laminate extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the absorbent article, but do not extend beyond the area where the gasket cuff is attached to the absorbent article. , May exist in the region. In that case, most of the three-dimensional protrusions formed in the topsheet portion of the topsheet / capture layer laminate are formed from the fibers of the topsheet.

  The absorbent article may comprise a topsheet having a first region of the topsheet and a capture layer having a first region of the capture layer, wherein the first region of the capture layer and most of the three-dimensional protrusions. The fiber density at the distal end of the section is greater than the fiber density of the sidewalls at most of the three-dimensional protrusions in the acquisition layer, and at the first region of the topsheet and most of the three-dimensional protrusions. The fiber density at the distal end is greater than the fiber density at the side wall in most of the three-dimensional protrusions in the topsheet.

  The absorbent article may comprise a topsheet having a first region of the topsheet and a capture layer having a first region of the capture layer, wherein the fiber density in the first region of the capture layer is determined by the capture layer The fiber density of the distal end in the most three-dimensional protrusions in the inner region is greater than the fiber density at the distal end in the first sheet of the topsheet and the most three-dimensional protrusions. It is larger than the fiber density of the side wall in most three-dimensional protrusions.

  The absorbent article may comprise a topsheet having a first region of the topsheet and a capture layer having a first region of the capture layer, wherein the fiber density in the first region of the capture layer is determined by the capture layer The fiber density of the side wall in most of the three-dimensional protrusions in the inner wall is larger than the fiber density of the side wall in the most three-dimensional protrusions of the acquisition layer. Greater than the density of the fibers forming the distal end.

This specification concludes with "claims" which detail and clearly claim the invention, but the same content can be better understood by referring to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. it is conceivable that.
In accordance with the present invention, an absorbent article in the form of a diaper with an exemplary topsheet / capture layer laminate, wherein the capture layer length is less than the length of the topsheet, some layers partially It is a figure shown in the state removed by. It is a cross-sectional view of the diaper shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of the diaper shown in FIG. Exemplary topsheet / capture layer according to the present invention, wherein the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer laminate are formed only in the topsheet / capture layer laminate where the topsheet overlaps the capture layer It is a figure which shows the absorbent article of a diaper form provided with the laminated body in the state which removed a part of layer partially. An absorbent article in the form of a diaper with an exemplary topsheet / capture layer laminate having another type of absorbent core according to the present invention, with some layers partially removed. FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of the diaper shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the absorbent article shown in FIG. 5 at the same location as FIG. 6 in which a channel is formed as a result of the absorbent article containing liquid excreta. FIG. 3 shows an absorbent article in the form of a diaper with an exemplary topsheet / capture layer laminate having a carrier layer according to the present invention, with some layers partially removed. It is a cross-sectional view of the diaper shown in FIG. It is another cross-sectional view of the diaper shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows an absorbent article in the form of a diaper with an exemplary topsheet / capture layer laminate having a carrier layer according to the present invention, with some layers partially removed. It is a cross-sectional view of the diaper shown in FIG. An absorbent article in the form of a diaper with an exemplary topsheet / capture layer laminate having a capture layer disposed in the front region of the absorbent article in accordance with the present invention, with some layers partially It is a figure shown in the state removed by. An absorbent article in the form of a diaper with an exemplary topsheet / capture layer laminate having a capture layer disposed in a rear region of the absorbent article according to the present invention, a portion of the layer It is a figure shown in the state removed automatically. It is a perspective view of the apparatus provided with the 1st and 2nd formation member for forming the topsheet / capture layer laminated body of this invention. FIG. 14B is a partial perspective view of the first forming member in the apparatus shown in FIG. 14A. FIG. 14B is a perspective view of the device shown in FIG. 14A showing the first forming member meshing with the second forming member. It is a perspective view which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional protrusion part of the top sheet / capture layer laminated body obtained using the apparatus shown to FIG. 14A. It is a figure which shows the assembly apparatus used for a plane acquisition test method. It is a figure which shows the assembly apparatus used for the collagen rewetting test method after capture. FIG. 3 shows an assembly apparatus used in a fixed height frit absorption (FHFA) test method.

Definition of Terms As used herein, the term “absorbent article” is intended to directly contact or be close to the wearer's body to absorb and contain various liquid excretions excreted from the body. Refers to disposable products such as diapers, pants or feminine hygiene sanitary napkins placed in Typically, these absorbent articles comprise a topsheet, a backsheet and an absorbent core, optionally with a capture layer, and / or a diffusion layer and other members, the absorbent core usually comprising a backsheet and Located between the capture mechanism or the topsheet. The absorbent article of the present invention may be a diaper or a pant.

  As used herein, the term “diaper” refers to an absorbent article intended to be worn around the lower torso by a wearer to absorb and contain liquid excretion excreted from the body. Refers to that. Diapers may be worn by children (eg, infants or toddlers) or adults. The diaper may be provided with a fastening member.

  As used herein, the term “pants” refers to an absorbent article having a fixed edge, a waist opening, and a leg opening, designed for children or adult wearers. By inserting the wearer's legs into a pair of leg openings and sliding the pant-type absorbent article around the lower torso of the wearer, the pants are placed in the wearer's proper position. The pants may be preformed using any suitable technique, including suitable refastenable and / or non-refastenable joints (eg, stitching, fusing, bonding, Adhesive bonding, fasteners, etc.) may be used to bond parts of the absorbent article together, but is not limited thereto. The pants can be preformed at any site along the periphery of the article (eg, side fastening or front waist fastening).

  As used herein, the term “extensive” refers to the machine direction (MD) and the cross machine direction when the following tests are applied to force, when the breaking tension is reached or before reaching: (CD) refers to a material that can withstand an apparent elongation of at least 100% of its initial length.

  The tensile properties of MD and CD are measured using a test method using WSP 110.4 (05) Option B at a sample width of 50 mm, a distance between gauge points of 60 mm, and a tensile speed of 60 mm / min.

  In accordance with the test method described above, at or before the breaking tension is reached, at least 100% or more, or 110% or more, or 120% or more, or 130% or more in the machine direction and / or the machine crossing direction, It may be desirable for the material to be able to withstand an apparent elongation of up to 200%.

  If the apparent elongation that can be tolerated when performing the test method described above is less than 100% of its initial length, the material is “extensive” as used herein. Means no.

  As used herein, the term “topsheet / capture layer stack” refers to a topsheet and acquisition layer that are both placed opposite each other and intimately combined. The topsheet has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface of the topsheet faces the wearer's body during use of the absorbent article. The acquisition layer faces the backsheet. The topsheet and acquisition layer can undergo mechanical deformation together when the topsheet and acquisition layer are combined with each other. The topsheet / capture layer laminate includes a deformable portion that forms a three-dimensional protrusion.

  Within the topsheet / trapping layer laminate, the topsheet and the trapping layer may be in close contact with each other.

  The topsheet / trapping layer stack may be formed by nesting the topsheet and the trapping layer together, where the tertiary of the topsheet is shown as shown in FIGS. 15A, 15B and 16A. The original protrusions match and fit with the three-dimensional protrusions of the acquisition layer. The topsheet / capture layer laminate includes a deformable portion that forms a three-dimensional protrusion.

  In lieu of or in addition to the above description, the topsheet / capture layer stack may have one of the topsheet or the capture layer interrupted and the corresponding other interrupted, as shown in FIGS. 15C and 16B. A three-dimensional protrusion of the non-topsheet or acquisition layer may be formed by being made to penetrate the interrupted topsheet or acquisition layer.

  Further, in addition to or in addition to the above description, as shown in FIGS. 15D, 15E, 16C, and 16D, the topsheet / capture layer laminate is a three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer laminate. In the region, one of the topsheet or acquisition layer is interrupted and the corresponding non-disruptive topsheet or acquisition layer three-dimensional protrusion is an interrupted topsheet or interrupted acquisition layer three-dimensional protrusion It may be formed by being fitted at least partially with the part.

  Further, in place of or in addition to the above description, the topsheet / capture layer laminate is formed by interrupting the topsheet and the capture layer in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer laminate. The three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet may coincide with and fit with the three-dimensional protrusions of the acquisition layer. If the topsheet and acquisition layer include an interruption in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion, as shown in FIGS. 15F and 16E, the interruption in the topsheet in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer stack The part does not coincide with the interruption in the acquisition layer in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer stack.

  As used herein, the term “most three-dimensional protrusion” refers to more than 50%, more than 60%, 70% of the three-dimensional protrusions in the topsheet / capture layer laminate of an absorbent article. Greater than 80%, greater than 80%, greater than 90%, greater than 95% or greater than 98%, each protrusion having a base forming an opening, an opposite distal portion, and a three-dimensional protrusion One or more side walls located between the base and the distal portion of the device. The base, the distal portion, and the one or more side walls are formed by the fiber so that the three-dimensional protrusion has an opening only at the base (as illustrated in FIG. 15A).

  As used herein, the term “interrupt” refers to a hole formed in the topsheet and / or acquisition layer during the formation of the topsheet / capture layer laminate, It does not include the pores and gaps between the fibers that are typically present.

  As used herein, the term “mechanically deformed and combined” means that the topsheet and the acquisition layer are disposed facing each other and mechanically simultaneously between the first roll and the second roll. It can be modified to be closely combined at the same time. The mechanical deformation of the topsheet and acquisition layer depends not only on the process and the equipment required, but also on the apparent elongation of the fibers, the mobility of the fibers, and the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer stack. Properties of the topsheet and acquisition layer, such as deformability and extensibility within the area to be formed, susceptibility to plastic deformation determined after exiting the first and second rolls, or partial resilience due to elastic recovery Also depends on.

  Mechanical deformation includes engaging the topsheet and the capture layer together between the first forming member and the second forming member such that a plurality of deformations including a three-dimensional protrusion are obtained. May be. The three-dimensional protrusion is formed from the fibers of the topsheet and acquisition layer. Most three-dimensional protrusions are formed by a base that forms an opening, a distal portion that is located on the opposite side, and one or more side walls that are located between the base and the distal portion of the three-dimensional protrusion. Defined. As shown in FIG. 15A, the base, the distal portion and one or more sidewalls are formed by fibers so that most three-dimensional protrusions have openings only at the base.

The most three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer stack are as follows.
-As shown in Figs. 15A, 15B and 16A, the topsheet is moved into the acquisition layer so that the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet and the three-dimensional protrusion of the acquisition layer are aligned with each other and fitted together. It may be nested or vice versa.
-In lieu of or in addition to the above description, as shown in FIGS. 15C and 16B, one of the topsheet or acquisition layer is interrupted in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer stack. A three-dimensional protrusion formed with a corresponding other uninterrupted topsheet or acquisition layer may pass through the interruption of the topsheet or acquisition layer.
-In lieu of or in addition to the above description, as shown in Figures 15D, 15E, 16C, and 16D, one of the topsheet or acquisition layer is a three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer stack. A three-dimensional protrusion formed of a corresponding non-interrupted topsheet or acquisition layer with an interruption in the region of the part, and a three-dimensional protrusion of the interrupted topsheet or interruption , May be at least partially mated.
-Instead of or in addition to the above description, the topsheet and the acquisition layer may be interrupted in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer stack, and the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet Mate with and fit into the three-dimensional protrusion of the acquisition layer. As shown in FIGS. 15F and 16E, the interruption in the top sheet within the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the top sheet / capture layer laminate is within the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the top sheet / capture layer laminate. Does not coincide with the interruption in the acquisition layer.

  Typically, as used herein, the term “cellulose fibers” refers to natural fibers that are wood pulp fibers. Applicable wood pulp includes chemical pulp such as kraft pulp, sulfite pulp and sulfate pulp, and mechanical pulp such as, for example, groundwood pulp, thermomechanical pulp, and chemically modified thermomechanical pulp. . Pulp derived from both deciduous trees (hereinafter also referred to as “hardwood”) and conifers (hereinafter also referred to as “softwood”) can be used. Hardwood fibers and softwood fibers can be blended or can be deposited in layers to provide a layered web.

  As used herein, the term “dry laid fiber” refers to a fiber provided in a fluid medium that is gas (air).

  As used herein, the term “wet laid fibers” includes cellulosic fibers suspended in an aqueous medium, such as water, before being processed into a web and dried according to a wet laid papermaking process.

  As used herein, the term “web” refers to a material that can be wound into a roll. The web may be a nonwoven fabric.

  As used herein, the term “nonwoven web” refers to the bonding of webs, sheets or bats of fibers that are oriented or randomly oriented by friction and / or tack and / or adhesion. Refers to the material produced and does not include paper and fabrics, knitted fabrics, tufts, stitch bonds, or felts with wet crimping, with or without further needle processing . The fibers may be naturally derived or artificial. The fibers may be staples or continuous filaments or may be formed in situ. The porous fiber structure of the nonwoven may be configured to be liquid permeable or liquid impermeable as desired.

  As used herein, the term “absorbent core” refers to a member placed or intended for placement within an absorbent article and includes absorbent material wrapped within a core wrap. The term “absorbent core” does not include acquisition or diffusion layers, or other components of the absorbent article that are neither integrated into the core wrap nor disposed within the core wrap. Typically, the absorbent core is a member of an absorbent article that includes all or at least a majority of the superabsorbent polymer and has the highest absorbent capacity of all the members used in the absorbent article.

  As used herein, the term “substantially free of absorbent material” or “substantially free of absorbent material” refers to the basis weight of the absorbent material in a region substantially free of absorbent material. , Refers to less than 10%, in particular less than 5% or less than 2% of the basis weight of the absorbent material in the remaining absorbent core.

  As used herein, the term “superabsorbent polymer” (abbreviated herein as “SAP”) uses the centrifugal retention capacity (CRC) test (EDANA method WSP 241.2-05E). In the measurement, the absorbent material is a crosslinked polymer material capable of absorbing 0.9% physiological saline solution at least 10 times its own weight. Specifically, the SAP of the present invention may have a CRC value of more than 20 g / g, more than 25 g / g, 20 to 50 g / g, 20 to 40 g / g, or 25 to 35 g / g. SAPs useful in the present invention include various water-swellable polymers that are water-insoluble but can absorb large amounts of liquid excreta.

  As used herein, the term “join” refers to a configuration that secures a member directly to another member by attaching the member directly to the other member, and attaches the member to the intermediate member (s). Then, the configuration in which the member is indirectly fixed to the other member by attaching the intermediate member to the other member is included. The term “join” includes a configuration in which a member is fixed to another member in a selected position in addition to a configuration in which one member is completely fixed to another member over the entire surface of one of these members. To do. The term “join” includes any known method capable of securing a member, including but not limited to mechanical entanglement.

  As used herein, the term “adjacent to a lateral edge” means that the first and / or second lateral edge of the first layer is the first and / or second layer. Or when adjacent to the second lateral edge, the first and / or second lateral edge of the first layer is the first and / or second lateral edge of the second layer. It is arranged within a region having a gap inward from the part. The region has a width of 1 to 30% of the width of the second layer.

  Terms such as “comprising (including)”, “comprising (including)” are non-limiting terms, each of which identifies the presence of a feature (eg, component) described subsequently Does not exclude the presence of other features (eg, elements, steps, components known in the art or disclosed herein). These terms based on the verb “comprising” are more narrow terms that exclude unmentioned elements, steps, or ingredients that substantially affect the manner in which the feature performs its function. It should be construed to include the term “consisting of” consisting of “consisting essentially of” and excluding unspecified elements, steps, or ingredients. Unless otherwise specifically stated, any preferred or exemplary embodiment described below does not limit the scope of the claims. Also, terms such as “typically”, “normal”, and “advantageously” modify features that are not intended to limit the scope of the claims, unless specifically stated otherwise.

  In general, known three-dimensional topsheets are obtained by increasing the basis weight of the topsheet to increase the softness. However, with respect to the three-dimensional structure topsheet, the basis weight and the soft feeling are relatively increased (that is, the cavity volume is made relatively large), so that more liquid remains in the topsheet, and the three-dimensional structure May cause increased moisture in the topsheet. In fact, a three-dimensional structured topsheet contains small pores that can be more difficult to drain through a secondary topsheet or acquisition layer.

  As one solution, the secondary topsheet or acquisition layer may be removed to bring the three-dimensional topsheet directly into contact with the absorbent core. However, this may increase the capture time and consequently increase the risk of leakage. By adding a relatively large amount of absorbent material of the absorbent core, the risk of leakage can also be reduced. However, the solution of adding a relatively large amount of absorbent material to the absorbent core has an adverse effect on the cost of the absorbent article and leads to an increase in thickness throughout the absorbent article.

  By having a topsheet / capture layer laminate with a three-dimensional protrusion, extending from the plane of the topsheet / capture layer laminate, facing each other, as described in more detail below It has been found that while maintaining or further improving the dryness of the skin contact layer of the absorbent article is promoted, the capture speed can be maintained. The three-dimensional protrusion is formed from the fibers of the topsheet and acquisition layer. Most three-dimensional protrusions each have a base forming an opening having a protrusion base width, a distal portion located on the opposite side, and between the base and distal portions of most three-dimensional protrusions. One or more side walls are provided. The base, the distal portion, and the one or more side walls are formed of fibers so that most three-dimensional protrusions have openings only at the base.

Overview of Absorbent Article 20 An exemplary absorbent article 20 in which the absorbent core 28 of the present invention can be used is a tape-type diaper 20 shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5 in different absorbent core configurations. is there. 1, 4 and 5 are plan views of an exemplary diaper 20 in a flattened state, with portions of the structure cut away to better illustrate the configuration of the diaper 20. The diaper 20 is shown for illustrative purposes only because the present invention can be used to produce a wide variety of diapers, or other absorbent articles.

  The absorbent article 20 comprises a topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 formed from a liquid permeable topsheet 24 and a capture layer 52. In other words, the absorbent article 20 includes the liquid permeable top sheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52, and the top sheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 are joined to form the top sheet / capture layer laminate 245. To do.

  The absorbent article 20 includes a liquid-impermeable back sheet 25 and an absorbent core 28 between the top sheet 24 and the back sheet 25. The absorbent article 20 includes a front edge portion 10, a rear edge portion 12, and two longitudinal side edges 13. The front edge 10 is an edge of the absorbent article 20 intended to be placed in front of the user when worn, and the rear edge 12 is an edge located on the opposite side. The absorbent article 20 can be conceptually divided at a longitudinal axis 80 that extends from the leading edge 10 to the trailing edge 12 of the absorbent article 20, as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 4, and 5. In addition, the longitudinal axis 80 bisects the absorbent article 20 substantially symmetrically with respect to this axis when viewed from the side facing the wearer in a configuration in which the absorbent article 20 is spread flat.

  The absorbent article 20 may include a diffusion layer 54, which may include a dry laid fiber structure or a wet laid fiber structure. The topsheet / trapping layer laminate 245 faces the wearer's body when using the absorbent article.

  A wet laid fiber structure made from wet laid fibers may have a wet burst strength of 50 g to 500 g, and combinations thereof, according to a wet burst strength test method.

  The diffusion layer 54 may include a dry laid fiber structure. The dry laid fiber structure may include dry laid fibers 540. The dry laid fiber structure may comprise a mixture comprising dry laid fibers and a superabsorbent polymer. The dry laid fibers may include interfiber cross-linked cellulose fibers.

  The diffusion layer 54 may include a wet laid fiber structure. The wet laid fiber structure may include wet laid fibers.

  The diffusion layer 54 may have an average basis weight of 30 gsm to 400 gsm, especially 100 gsm to 300 gsm, or 50 gsm to 250 gsm.

  The process is described in detail below, but the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 comprises the topsheet 24 and the capture layer 52 facing each other. The top sheet / capture layer laminate 245 includes a three-dimensional protrusion 250. For this purpose, the topsheet 24 and the capture layer 52 may be combined together in one, with the topsheet 24 and the capture layer 52 facing each other and simultaneously mechanically deformed so that a topsheet / capture layer stack 245 is formed. The topsheet / capture layer stack 245 includes a mechanical deformation that forms a three-dimensional protrusion 250 that extends from the plane of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245. These mechanical deformations provide the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 with a three-dimensional structure.

  The absorbent article 20 may include a stretchable gasket cuff 32 positioned between the top sheet 24 and the back sheet 25 and a rising barrier leg cuff 34. 1, 4 and 5 further include a fastening tab 42 attached to the rear edge 12 of the absorbent article 20 and cooperating with a landing zone 44 facing the front edge 10 of the absorbent article 20. Fig. 3 shows another typical diaper component such as a fastening mechanism. The absorbent article 20 further includes other typical members not shown in the figure, such as a waist rear elastic mechanism, a waist front elastic mechanism, a lateral barrier cuff (s) and a lotion application section. Also good.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the barrier leg cuff 34 has a proximal edge 64 that is joined to other portions of the article 20 (typically, the topsheet 24 and / or the backsheet 25), as well as the wearer's skin. Can be defined by a free edge intended to contact and form a leak-proof. For example, the barrier leg cuff 34 may be joined at the proximal edge 64 by a joint 65 that may be formed by adhesive bonding, fusion bonding, or a combination of known bonding means. Each barrier leg cuff 34 may be provided with one, two, or more elastic yarns 35 to provide better leakage protection. The gasket cuff 32 may be disposed on the outer side in the width direction with respect to the barrier leg cuff 34. The gasket cuff 32 can provide better leakage protection around the wearer's thigh. Each gasket leg cuff 32 typically includes one or more elastic threads or elastic members 33 between the topsheet 24 and the backsheet 25, for example, in the region of the leg opening.

  The absorbent article 20 is also conceptually divided by a transverse axis 90 into a front region and a rear region that are equal in length measured along the longitudinal axis when the absorbent article 20 is flattened. be able to. The absorbent article transverse axis 90 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 80 and is half the length of the absorbent article 20. The length of the absorbent article 20 can be measured along the longitudinal axis 80 from the leading edge 10 to the trailing edge 12 of the absorbent article 20. The topsheet 24, the acquisition layer 52, the diffusion layer 54, and the absorbent core 28 each have a width that can be measured parallel to the lateral axis 90 from each lateral edge. The absorbent article may further comprise an anterior ear 46 and a posterior ear 40 as is known in the art.

  The absorbent article 20 is conceptually divided into a front region 36, a rear region 38, and a crotch region 37 located between the front region and the rear region of the absorbent article 20. Each of the front region, the rear region, and the crotch region is one third of the length of the absorbent article 20.

  The absorbent core 28 of the present invention may include, as the absorbent material 60, a mixture of cellulose fibers (so-called “air felt”) and a superabsorbent polymer in the form of particles encapsulated within one or more substrates ( See, for example, US Pat. No. 5,151,092 (Buell)). Alternatively, the absorbent core 28 may not include air felt as described in detail below.

  In general, the absorbent core 28 may be defined by the periphery of the layer formed by the absorbent material 60 in the core wrap 160 when viewed from the top side of the absorbent core 28. The absorbent core 28 can be of various shapes, in particular a so-called “dog bone” shape or “hourglass” shape with a taper in width towards the center or “crotch” region of the core. May be shown. Thus, the absorbent core 28 may have a relatively narrow width in the region of the absorbent core 28 intended to be disposed in the crotch region of the absorbent article. Thereby, the comfort at the time of more favorable wear can be provided, for example. Accordingly, the absorbent core 28 has a width (measured in the transverse direction) of less than about 100 mm, less than about 90 mm, less than about 80 mm, less than about 70 mm, less than about 60 mm, or even less than about 50 mm at the narrowest point. May be. The absorbent core 28 can also be generally rectangular, for example as shown in FIG. 5, but other deposits such as “T”, “Y”, “hourglass” or “dog bone” shapes. Regions are also available (see, eg, FIG. 4).

  Several components of the absorbent article 20 will now be described in detail.

"Airfelt-free" absorbent core 28
The absorbent core 28 of the present invention may comprise an absorbent material 60 wrapped in a core wrap 160. The absorbent material 60 may include 80% to 100% of SAP (such as SAP particles) with respect to the total weight of the absorbent material 60. For purposes of estimating the proportion of SAP in the absorbent core 28, the core wrap 160 is not considered as the absorbent material 60.

  “Absorptive material” refers to materials having at least some absorbency and / or liquid retention properties, such as SAP, cellulose fibers, and synthetic fibers that have undergone some hydrophilic treatment. Typically, the adhesive used to make the absorbent core is not considered an absorbent material because it has no absorbent properties. The SAP content may be substantially greater than 80%, eg, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, and even greater, based on the weight of the absorbent material 60 contained within the core wrap 160. It may be 100%. The SAP content, which is substantially greater than 80% SAP, is relatively thin compared to conventional absorbent cores, typically comprising 40-60% SAP and 40-60% cellulose fibers An absorbent core 28 can be provided. The absorbent material 60 of the present invention may specifically comprise less than 10% by weight, or less than 5% by weight of natural and / or synthetic fibers, or even may be substantially free of them. The absorbent material 60 may advantageously contain little or no cellulose fibers, in particular, the absorbent core 28 may comprise (air felt) cellulose fibers relative to the weight of the absorbent core 28. Less than 15%, less than 10%, or less than 5%, or substantially free of cellulose fibers. Such absorbent core 28 is relatively thin and can be thinner than conventional air felt cores. 1, 2 and 3 show an absorbent article 20 with an “airfelt-free” absorbent core 28.

  An “airfelt-free” absorbent core 28 containing a relatively large amount of SAP has been conventionally proposed in various absorbent core designs. For example, US Pat. No. 5,599,335 (Goldman), European Patent No. 1447066A1 (Busam), International Publication No. 95/11652 (Tanzar), US Patent Application Publication No. 2008 / 0312622A1 (Hundorf), and International See publication 2012/052172 (Van Malderen).

  The absorbent core 28 of the present invention, for example, to assist in immobilizing the SAP within the core wrap 160 and / or to enhance the integrity of the core wrap 160, particularly when the core wrap 160 is made of one or more substrates. An adhesive may be included to ensure. Typically, the core wrap 160 will extend over a larger area than is strictly necessary to house the absorbent material 60 therein.

Core wrap 160
The absorbent material 60 is encased in one or more substrates. The core wrap 160 includes an upper side 16 facing the top sheet 24 and a lower side 16 ′ facing the back sheet 25. The core wrap 160 may be made of a single substrate that is folded around the absorbent material 60. The core wrap 160 may be made from two substrates that are attached to each other, as illustrated in FIG. 2 (one primarily providing the upper side 16 and the other primarily providing the lower side 16 ′). A typical structure is a so-called C wrap and / or sandwich wrap. As illustrated in FIG. 6, in the C wrap, the longitudinal and / or lateral edges of one base material are folded over the other base material to form a flap. These flaps are then adhered to the outer surface of the other substrate, typically by bonding with an adhesive. The so-called C wrap structure can provide advantages such as improved burst resistance in a state containing water as compared with sandwich sealing.

  The core wrap 160 may be formed of any material suitable for receiving and containing the absorbent material 60. Specifically, the core wrap 160 may be formed of, for example, a nonwoven fabric web such as a card nonwoven fabric, a spunbond nonwoven fabric (“S”) or a melt blown nonwoven fabric (“M”), and a laminate of any of these. For example, a polypropylene nonwoven fabric produced by a spun melt method is suitable, and specifically, a laminate web structure having an SMS, SMMS or SSMMS structure having a basis weight in the range of about 5 gsm to 15 gsm is preferred. Suitable materials are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 7,744,576, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011 / 0268932A1, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011 / 0319848A1, or U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011 / 0250413A1. ing. Nonwoven materials obtained from synthetic fibers such as polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and particularly polypropylene (PP) may be used.

“Airfelt-free” absorbent core 28 with regions 26 substantially free of absorbent material
The absorbent core 28 may include an absorbent material deposition region 8 defined by the periphery of the layer formed by the absorbent material 60 in the core wrap 160.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the absorbent core 28 may include one or more regions substantially free of absorbent material 60 that are substantially free of absorbent material 60. A portion of the upper side 16 of the core wrap 160 is attached to a portion of the lower side 16 ′ of the core wrap 160 by one or more core wrap joints 27. Specifically, the absorbent material 60 may not be present in these regions. The mixing of a trace amount of the absorbent material 60 that may occur during the manufacturing process is not regarded as the absorbent material 60. Advantageously, the one or more substantially non-absorbent material regions 26 are defined by the absorbent material 60, that is, the substantially non-absorbent material region 26 is the absorbent material deposition region 8. This means that it does not extend to any of the edges.

  Where the substantially absorbent-free regions 26 extend to either edge of the absorbent material deposition region 8, each substantially absorbent-free region 26 is substantially There may be regions of absorbent material 60 on either side of region 26 without absorbent material.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the absorbent core 28 may include at least two substantially absorbent-free regions 26 that are symmetrically disposed on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis of the absorbent core 28.

  The region 26 (s) substantially free of absorbent material may be straight or fully longitudinally oriented and parallel to the longitudinal axis, but may be curved or one You may have the above curved part.

  Furthermore, in order to reduce the risk of leakage of liquid excreta, advantageously, the region (s) 26 substantially free of absorbent material extends to either edge of the absorbent material deposition region 8. Thus, the region 26 substantially free of absorbent material is surrounded by the absorbent material deposition region 8 of the absorbent core 28 and is entirely enclosed. Typically, the minimum distance between the region 26 substantially free of absorbent material and the nearest edge of the absorbent material deposition region 8 is at least 5 mm.

  An “airfelt-free” absorbent core 28 has been proposed that includes a region 26 substantially free of absorbent material, see, for example, European Patent Application No. 12196341.7.

  One or more channels 26 ′ along the region (s) 26 substantially free of absorbent material in the absorbent core 28 form as the absorbent material 60 begins to absorb liquid and swell. Get started. As the absorbent core 28 absorbs more liquid, the recess in the absorbent core 28 formed by the channel 26 '(s) becomes deeper and more visible and tactile. Become. Formation of channel 26 '(s) may also serve to indicate that absorbent article 20 has inhaled liquid waste. The one or more core wrap joints 27 should remain substantially intact at least while in the first stage, where the absorbent material 60 absorbs less liquid excretion. .

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the absorbent material swells, the core wrap joint 27 maintains at least the original attached state in the region 26 substantially free of the absorbent material. Upon absorption of the liquid, the absorbent material 60 swells the rest of the absorbent core 28 so that the core wrap is channel 26 along the substantially absorbent-free region 26 that includes the core wrap joint 27. 'Form.

General Structure and Properties of Topsheet / Capture Layer Laminate 245 A topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 having a three-dimensional structure is provided.

  The absorbent article 20 includes a longitudinal axis 80, a transverse axis 90 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 80, a liquid permeable topsheet 24 having first and second surfaces, and a liquid impermeable backsheet. 25 and the absorbent core 28. The absorbent core 28 is disposed between the top sheet 24 and the back sheet 25. The absorbent core 28 includes an absorbent material 60.

  The absorbent article 20 includes a capture layer 52 having a first surface and a second surface. The first surface of the topsheet 24 will face the wearer's body during use of the absorbent article 20.

  The liquid permeable topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 are aligned facing each other such that the second surface of the topsheet 24 is in contact with the first surface of the acquisition layer 52. The topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 include fibers.

  The absorbent article 20 includes a topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 that includes a topsheet 24 and a capture layer 52 facing each other. The topsheet / capture layer stack 245 includes a mechanical deformation that forms a three-dimensional protrusion 250 that extends from the plane of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245. The top sheet 24 and the capturing layer 52 may be in close contact with each other.

  According to the process described below, the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 may be mechanically deformed facing each other and simultaneously combined into one so that a topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 is provided. . This means that both the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 may be mechanically deformed and combined together at the same time during the process. The topsheet / capture layer stack 245 has a first surface that includes the second surface of the capture layer 52.

  The three-dimensional protrusion 250 is formed from the fibers of the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52. Most three-dimensional protrusions 250 each have a base 256 that forms an opening having a protrusion base width, a distal portion 257 located on the opposite side, and a base 256 and a distal end of most three-dimensional protrusions 250. One or more side walls 255 between the portions 257 are provided. As shown in FIG. 15A, the base 256, the distal portion 257, and the one or more side walls 255 are formed by fibers so that most three-dimensional protrusions 250 have openings only at the base 256. Of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245, at least 50% or at least 80% may have an opening only at the base 256. Most three-dimensional protrusions can be obtained by the mechanical process described in detail below.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 are more than 50%, or more than 60%, or more than 70%, or more than 80%, or more than 90% of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 in the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245. Or greater than 95%, or greater than 98%.

  The topsheet / capture layer stack 245 has a first surface that includes the second surface of the capture layer 52. A portion of the backsheet 25 is joined to a portion of the topsheet of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 such that the first surface of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 faces the backsheet 25.

  One or more side walls 255 of most three-dimensional protrusions 250 may be substantially or completely surrounded by fibers. This means that there are a number of fibers that contribute to the formation of a portion of the side wall 255 and the distal portion 257 in the three-dimensional protrusion 250. The expression “substantially enclose” means that it is not necessary to substantially or completely enclose the periphery of the sidewall 255 in most three-dimensional protrusions 250 with individual fibers.

  The absorbent article 20 may include a gasket cuff 32. Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 may be present at least in the region of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 where the topsheet 24 overlaps the capture layer 52. However, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 are present in the acquisition layer 52 and the topsheet 24 in a region that extends parallel to the transverse axis 90 of the absorbent article 20. May be. Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 extend parallel to the longitudinal axis 80 of the absorbent article 20, but as shown in FIG. It may be present in a region that does not extend beyond the region attached to the absorbent article 20, especially the topsheet 24. In that case, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 formed on the topsheet portion 24 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 are formed from the fibers of the topsheet 24.

  Alternatively, the majority of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 have the transverse axis 90 of the absorbent article 20 such that the region containing the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet 24 overlaps the capture layer 52. May be present in a region extending parallel to the. The length of the most three-dimensional protrusion 250 region of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 is 5% to 60% or 10% to 40% longer than the length of the capture layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245. % May be longer. Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 are formed on the absorbent article 20 such that most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 overlap with the acquisition layer 52. It may extend into a region extending parallel to the longitudinal axis 80. The width of the most three-dimensional protrusion 250 region of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 is 5% to 60% or 10% to 40% than the width of the capture layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245. It may be wide. In that case, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 formed on the topsheet portion 24 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 are formed from the fibers of the topsheet 24.

  As yet another alternative, as shown in FIG. 4, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 in the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 are similar to those in the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 where the topsheet 24 is the capture layer. It may exist only in a region overlapping with 52.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 may have a measurement protrusion height of at least 0.5 mm according to the protrusion height test method described below.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 are 0.5 mm to 5 mm, or 0.7 mm to 3 mm, or 1.0 mm to 2 according to the protrusion height test method described below. It may have a measurement protrusion height of 0.0 mm.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 have a measured protrusion base width of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 of at least 0.5 mm in accordance with the protrusion base width test method described below. You may do it.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 are 0.5 mm to 10 mm, 0.5 mm to 5 mm, 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm according to the protrusion base width test method described below. , 1.0 mm to 2.5 mm, or 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 may have a measurement protrusion base width.

  The depth can be impressed by most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 having a shape having a specific height and width, and the absorbent article 20 can absorb a large amount of liquid excrement to the caregiver. It can make it easier to give the recognition that there is.

  The maintenance or improvement of the dryness of the topsheet / trapping layer laminate 245 is evaluated by the amount of liquid in the topsheet, measured using the liquid in topsheet method. The liquid in the top sheet is a liquid waste that is held in the top sheet 54 of the top sheet / capture layer laminate 245 after the absorbent product 20 absorbs the liquid waste after the first ejection. .

  The topsheet / trapping layer laminate 245 has a topsheet liquid value of less than 220 mg, less than 200 mg, less than 180 mg, less than 160 mg, less than 120 mg, or less than 80 mg, according to the liquid in topsheet method. The topsheet / trapping layer laminate may have a topsheet moisture content of less than 0.7 g / g, preferably less than 0.5 g / g, according to the topsheet liquid method. The topsheet / trapping layer laminate has a topsheet moisture content of 0.05 g / g to 0.7 g / g, or 0.15 g / g to 0.5 g / g, according to the in-topsheet liquid method. Also good. The same absorbent article 20 having the same topsheet 24 in which the same acquisition layer 52 is overlapped without performing any mechanical deformation to form the three-dimensional protrusion 250 by the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245. As compared with the above, it becomes easy to make the liquid in the top sheet equal to or less than the same amount.

  The topsheet 24 and the capturing layer 52 of the topsheet / capturing layer laminate 250 can be in close contact with each other as compared to disposing the topsheet 24 on the upper surface of the capturing layer 52 in the same absorbent article 20. At the same time, the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 is in intimate contact with the lower layer, ie, the optional diffusion layer 54 or absorbent core 28, so that liquid excreta can remove the capture layer 52 from the topsheet 24. It is possible to flow efficiently through the absorbent core 28.

  In addition, the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 includes a three-dimensional protrusion 250. As explained above, most three-dimensional protrusions 245 may have a certain minimum measurement protrusion height and measurement protrusion base width. Thus, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 provide a cavity volume for containing liquid waste. Therefore, the liquid excrement can be moved more efficiently from the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 to the diffusion layer 54, and thereby the dryness of the topsheet 24 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245. Will improve.

  Maintenance or further improvement of dryness in the topsheet / trapping layer laminate 245 may also be assessed by a rewet value according to the rewet method disclosed herein. Rewetting can occur as the captured and absorbed liquid excretion is squeezed into the topsheet 24 and onto the topsheet 24 from the lower layer. This squeezing may occur due to pressure applied on the absorbent article 20. In that case, liquid excreta may return through the top sheet 24 from below the top sheet 24.

  Rewetting can occur due to moisture that is entrapped within or on the surface of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245, ie, liquid that is not absorbed by the underlying layer.

  The topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 may have a rewet value of less than 220 mg, less than 180 mg, less than 150 mg, less than 120 mg, or less than 100 mg according to the rewet method.

  Therefore, when compared to the same absorbent article 20 with the same topsheet 24 overlaid with the same acquisition layer 52 without any mechanical deformation forming the three-dimensional protrusion 250, the wearer's On the skin surface, rewet can be reduced to the same level or less. The topsheet / trapping layer laminate 245 may further allow more efficient use of the absorbent core. In general, in the same absorbent article 20, the top is compared with the top sheet 24 having a three-dimensional structure disposed on the top of the flat acquisition layer 52 that is not completely adhered to the top sheet 24 having the three-dimensional structure. The dryness of the sheet / capture layer laminate 245 in the topsheet 24 can be maintained or further improved.

  This topsheet / trapping layer laminate is compared to the same absorbent article with the same topsheet 24, with the same trapping layer 52 superimposed without any mechanical deformation to form a three-dimensional protrusion. Thus, rewet can be reduced by 5-20%, 10-30%, or 5-50%. Most three-dimensional protrusions 250 may include a cavity region 253 that does not contact the wearer's skin. The absorbent article 20 may have less contact with the wearer's skin compared to a flat topsheet. The cavity region 253 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 may facilitate the passage of air between the wearer's skin and the topsheet / capture layer stack 245. The air permeability of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 can be improved by the cavity region 253 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245.

  In addition to improved dryness, the cavity region 253 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 further allows excreta to be absorbed and contained within the cavity region. In that case, the present invention is suitable for absorbing excrement having a relatively low viscosity.

  Absorbent article 20 has a total acquisition time of less than 400 seconds, less than 300 seconds, less than 250 seconds, less than 200 seconds, or less than 150 seconds, according to the planar capture test method.

  The width of the acquisition layer 52 in the direction parallel to the transverse axis 90 is less than the width of the topsheet 24 in the direction parallel to the transverse axis 90 of the absorbent article 20. If both the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 have the same width, wicking of liquid waste from below the gasket cuff 32 may occur. Therefore, liquid waste may not be properly absorbed by the absorbent core 28 and may result in leakage of liquid waste to the outside of the absorbent article. When the width of the capture layer 52 in the direction parallel to the transverse axis 90 is less than the width of the top sheet 24 in the direction parallel to the transverse axis 90, the capture layer that can receive liquid excretion from the top sheet 24. 52 can send liquid excrement directly to the diffusion layer 54 and subsequently be absorbed by the absorbent core 28. Therefore, the liquid waste temporarily stored in the acquisition layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 is drawn toward the gasket cuff 32 and under the gasket cuff 32 by capillary force. It is hard to happen. Therefore, the width of the acquisition layer 52 in the direction parallel to the transverse axis 90 should be shorter than the width of the top sheet 24 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 in the direction parallel to the transverse axis 90. By means of this, leakage can be reduced.

  The width of the capture layer 52 in the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 in the direction parallel to the transverse axis 90 is greater than 40% of the width of the diffusion layer 54 and / or parallel to the transverse axis 90. The width of the absorbent core 28 may not be wider than 20%. In that case, liquid excreta cannot accumulate at the lateral edges in the capture layer or adjacent to both edges. Suction of liquid waste under the gasket cuff 32 is prevented. In fact, when the ratio of the width of the capturing layer 52 of the topsheet / capturing layer laminate 245 to the width of the absorbent core 28 is 20% or less, the liquid excrement is promptly moved to the absorbent core 28. Thereby, the fluid can be efficiently discharged from the acquisition layer 52 to the absorbent core 28. Suction of liquid waste from the capture layer 52 under the gasket cuff 32 is prevented.

  A portion of the backsheet 25 is joined to the topsheet 24 at or adjacent to the lateral edge at the first surface of the crosswise topsheet / capture layer laminate 245. Also good. The lateral edge of the first surface of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 does not include the capture layer 52. When a portion of the backsheet 25 is joined to a portion of the topsheet 24 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245, the capture layer 52 is wrapped between the topsheet 24 and the backsheet 25.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the absorbent article 20 includes a diffusion layer 54 including a dry laid fiber structure or a wet laid fiber structure between the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 and the absorbent core 28. May be.

  The diffusion layer 54 may not include tow fibers.

  The diffusion layer 54 may include, for example, at least 50% by weight of crosslinked cellulose fibers. Cross-linked cellulose fibers may be crimped, twisted or curled, or a combination thereof including crimped, twisted, and curled. This type of material has traditionally been used as part of a capture mechanism in disposable diapers, see for example US 2008/0312622 A1 (Hundorf).

  Exemplary chemically crosslinked cellulose fibers suitable for the diffusion layer 54 are US Pat. No. 5,549,791, US Pat. No. 5,137,537, WO 95/34329, or US Patent Application Publication. No. 2007/118087. Exemplary cross-linking agents can include polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid and / or polyacrylic acids such as copolymers of acrylic acid and maleic acid.

Typically, the diffusion ^{layer, 30g / m 2 ~400g / m} 2, may inter alia have an average basis weight of ^{100g / m 2 ~300g / m 2} . The density of the diffusion layer may be varied depending on the degree of compression of the article, as measured by ^{2.07kPa (0.30psi), 0.03g / cm} 3 ~0.15g / cm 3, especially 0. It may be 08 g / cm ^{3 to} 0.10 g / cm ³ .

  The dry laid fiber structure may include dry laid fibers 540. The dry laid fiber structure may comprise a mixture comprising superabsorbent polymer (SAP) and dry laid fibers. The dry laid fibers may include interfiber cross-linked cellulose fibers.

  The wet laid fiber structure may include wet laid fibers. The wet laid fibrous structure may exhibit a wet burst strength of 50 g to 500 g according to a wet burst strength test method.

  The absorbent material 60 of the absorbent core 28 may include 80% to 100% SAP (such as SAP particles) with respect to the total weight of the absorbent material 60.

  Another type of absorbent material may be a water-absorbent foam based on a crosslinking monomer containing an acidic group, for example EP 0858478B1, WO 97 / 31971A1, WO 99. / 44648A1 and WO 00 / 52087A1.

  The trapping layer 52 can receive the liquid excrement that has passed through the top sheet 24 and can diffuse the liquid excretion to the underlying absorption layer. In such a case, the topsheet 24 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 may be less hydrophilic than the capture layer 52. The top sheet 24 of the top sheet / capture layer laminate 245 can be quickly drained.

  In order to increase drainage in the top sheet 24 of the top sheet / capture layer laminate 245, the pore diameter of the capture layer 52 may be reduced. For this purpose, the acquisition layer 52 may be made from relatively fine denier fibers. Moreover, the acquisition layer 52 may have a high density.

  The carrier layer 17 may be disposed between the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 and the dry laid fiber structure, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9A. According to the method used to form the three-dimensional structure of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245, unintended holes may occur when the topsheet 24 and the capture layer 52 are both mechanically deformed. . When the diffusion layer 54 includes a dry laid fiber structure, the fibers 540 of the dry laid fiber structure pass through these unintentional holes formed in the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 to allow the wearer's May cause unwanted contact with skin. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9A, the carrier layer 17 is a hole in the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 formed unintentionally by three-dimensional mechanical deformation of the topsheet 24 and the trapping layer 52. Can function as a barrier layer for preventing the fibers 540 of the dry laid fiber structure from passing therethrough. Further, the carrier layer 17 assists the transfer of liquid excreta from the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 to the dry laid fiber structure.

  The carrier layer 17 may include a first surface (171) and a second surface (172). The second surface 172 of the carrier layer 17 may face the topsheet / capture layer stack 245. The first surface 171 of the carrier layer 17 may be attached to the absorbent core 28 at its longitudinal edge or at an adjacent location. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9B, when the carrier layer 17 is disposed between the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 and the dry laid fiber structure and the carrier layer 17 is attached to the absorbent core 28, the dry The fibers 540 of the raid fiber structure may be prevented from escaping between the carrier layer 17 and the absorbent core 28. Attachment of the carrier layer 17 to the longitudinal edge of the absorbent core 28 can be achieved by applying a uniform and continuous adhesive layer 173, applying adhesive in an intermittent pattern, or individual lines of adhesive, spirals or It may include an array of points, or may be performed via other means, such as ultrasonic bonding and thermal and pressure bonding.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10, the carrier layer 17 may be disposed between the dry laid fiber structure and the absorbent core 28. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the carrier layer can also assist in the diffusion and transport of liquid excreta from the diffusion layer 54 to the absorbent core 28, thereby reducing the absorbent core 28. It can be used more efficiently.

  The carrier layer 17 may be attached to the first surface of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 at its longitudinal edge or at an adjacent location. Therefore, when the carrier layer 17 is disposed between the dry laid fiber structure and the absorbent core 28 and the carrier layer 17 is attached to the first surface of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245, the dry laid fiber The structural fibers 540 may be prevented from escaping between the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 and the carrier layer 17. Attachment of the longitudinal edge of the carrier layer 17 to the first surface of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 can be a uniform continuous adhesive layer, adhesive application in an intermittent pattern, or adhesion It may include an array of individual lines, helices or points of the agent.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the length of the capture layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 80 is parallel to the longitudinal axis 80 of the absorbent article 20. It may be less than the length of the topsheet 24 in the direction. The length of the capture layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 80 is less than the length of the topsheet 24 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 80. In this case, it is possible to make it difficult for the liquid excrement to be drawn toward the longitudinal edges (10, 12) of the absorbent article 20, thereby reducing leakage.

  The length of the capture layer 52 in the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 may be less than the length of the absorbent core 28 along the longitudinal axis 80 of the absorbent article 20, see for example FIG. I want.

  The capture layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 may be disposed in the front region 36 and at least partially in the crotch region 37 of the absorbent article 20, as shown in FIG. In that case, by arranging the capturing layer 52 of the topsheet / capturing layer laminate 245 in the front region 36 of the absorbent article 20, the liquid excretion such as urine can be captured and diffused around the urination site of the wearer. Assisted.

  The capture layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 may be disposed in the rear region 38 of the absorbent article 20, and at least partially in the crotch region 37, as shown in FIG. By arranging the capture layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 in the rear region 38 of the absorbent article 20, capture of the wearer's excrement (especially if it is low-viscosity excrement) is assisted. The

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 may protrude toward the backsheet 25 or the wearer's body during use of the absorbent article.

  The topsheet / capture layer stack 245 can be conceptually divided into a first region and a second region. The first region may include a three-dimensional protrusion 250 that protrudes toward the backsheet 25. The second region may include a three-dimensional protrusion 250 that protrudes toward the wearer's body during use of the absorbent article.

  For example, the first region may be disposed in the front region 36 and at least partially in the crotch region 37 of the absorbent article 20, and the second region is the rear region 38 of the absorbent article 20. , And at least partially in the crotch region 37.

  The three-dimensional protrusion 250 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 has a first region that protrudes toward the backsheet 25, thereby assisting in capturing and absorbing liquid excreta into the absorbent core 28. Can do. The three-dimensional protrusion 250 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 has a second region that protrudes toward the wearer's body during use of the absorbent article, thereby improving body cleanliness against emissions Can be made. Therefore, it is possible to give better performance to the absorbent article 20 by combining the first and second regions.

  The topsheet 24 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 may be coated with a lotion composition. The lotion composition may be disposed in the region of the topsheet 24 that is located between the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245.

  A typical lotion composition used in diapers is disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,426,444B2. The resulting lotion composition can be sprayed, printed (eg, flexographic), coated (eg, contact slot coating and gravure coating), extruded, microencapsulated, or a combination of these application methods using a topsheet / You may apply on an acquisition layer laminated body.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may be arranged in any suitable arrangement over the plane of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245. Suitable arrangements include, but are not limited to, staggered arrangements and zones. In some cases, the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 may include both a three-dimensional protrusion 250 and other shapes such as embossments and apertures known in the art. The three-dimensional protrusion 250 and other shapes may be separate zones, mixed, or overlapped. Mixed arrangements can be made using any suitable method. In some cases, mixed arrangements can be made using the techniques disclosed in US Patent Application Publication No. 2012 / 0064298A1 (Orr, et al). In other cases, the overlapping arrangement forms a three-dimensional protrusion 250, after which the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 is formed with a forming member having a male forming element on the surface and a compliant surface. It can be produced by applying pressure to the web using the forming member and the compliant surface. The above technique for creating a superposition arrangement allows the three-dimensional protrusions 250 and other shapes to be combined, thereby allowing the three-dimensional protrusions 250 and other shapes to be combined with the topsheet / capture layer stack 245. Arrange at separate locations above, or at least a portion of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 and at least a portion of other shapes (aperture and emboss) at the same location on the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 It becomes possible to do.

Mechanical deformation and resulting three-dimensional protrusions In order to form a topsheet / capture layer stack 245, the topsheet 24 and the capture layer 52 are formed as shown in FIGS. 14A, 14B and 14C. One forming member (211) and the second forming member (212) may be engaged together and simultaneously mechanically deformed to be combined into one. In this way, the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 includes a deformed portion that forms the three-dimensional protrusion 250.

  The first forming member (211) and the second forming member (212) may have a drum shape, a normal cylindrical shape as shown in FIGS. 14A, 14B, and 14C, or a plate shape.

  The first forming member 211 of the apparatus 200 may have a surface comprising a plurality of individual, spaced apart male forming elements 213, the male forming elements 213 being attached to the first forming member 211. It has a base to be joined, a top located away from the base, and a side that extends between the base and top of the male forming element 213. The male forming element 213 may have a plan view peripheral edge and a height.

  The top of the male forming element 213 has a vertical sidewall and a rounded or rounded edge at the transition between the top of the male forming element 213 and the sidewall. May have a rounded diamond shape (see, eg, FIG. 14B).

  The second forming member 212 may have a surface with a plurality of recesses 214 in the second forming member 212. The recess 214 may be aligned and configured to receive a corresponding male forming element 213 therein. Therefore, each recess 214 of the second forming member 212 may be large enough to accept the corresponding male forming element 213 of the first forming member 211. The recess 214 may have a shape similar to the male forming element 213. The depth of the recess 214 may exceed the height of the male forming element 213.

  As shown in FIG. 14C, the first forming member (211) and the second forming member (212) are engagement depths, which are indicators of the degree of meshing in the first and second forming members (211 and 212). It may be further defined by the length (DOE). The engagement depth (DOE) can be measured from the tip of the male forming element 213 to the outermost portion of the surface of the second forming member 212, which is not the interior of the recess 214. The engagement depth (DOE) may be in the range of 1.5 mm to 5.0 mm, 2.5 mm to 5.0 mm, or 3.0 mm to 4.0 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 14C, the first forming member (211) and the second forming member (212) are defined by a gap between the first forming member (211) and the second forming member (212). May be. This gap is the distance between the side wall of the male forming element 213 and the side wall of the recess 214. The gap may be in the range of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm, or 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

  Thus, to form the topsheet / capture layer stack 245, the topsheet 24 and the capture layer 52 are engaged together between the first forming member (211) and the second forming member (212). They may be mechanically deformed and combined into one. The topsheet / capture layer stack 245 includes mechanical deformations that form the three-dimensional protrusions 250.

  However, the method of the present invention is partly because the top of the male member presses the material to emboss the material against the bottom of the female member, thereby increasing the density of the area where the material is pressed. Unlike the embossing process.

  The topsheet / capture layer stack 245 can be conceptually divided into a first region and a second region. The first and / or second regions of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 may include most three-dimensional protrusions 250 of different shapes.

  From a cross-sectional view, i.e., viewed from the Z direction, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 can have any suitable shape, including but not limited to a bulb shape, a cone shape, and a mushroom shape. .

  When viewed from above, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 can have any suitable shape, such as a circular shape, diamond shape, rounded diamond shape, American football shape, egg shape, clover shape, triangular shape. , Teardrop shape, and oval shaped protrusions, but are not limited to these. Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may be non-circular.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may form one body and form one or more graphics. By having graphics, it is possible to easily give the caregiver the recognition that the absorbent article can absorb a large amount of liquid excreta.

  Further, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may form one or more graphics such as a logo, such as a Pampers® Heart logo.

  Most three-dimensional protrusions 250 may have similar plan view dimensions in all directions, and most three-dimensional protrusions 250 may have certain dimensions longer than other dimensions. . Most three-dimensional protrusions 250 may have different length and width dimensions. Therefore, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may have a length / width ratio. The length / width ratio can range from 10: 1 to 1:10.

  The topsheet / capture layer stack 245 includes a plurality of three-dimensional protrusions 250 that extend toward the diffusion layer 54 (see also FIG. 2) or the carrier layer 17 (see FIGS. 11 and 12). May be. If most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 extend toward the diffusion layer 54, the contact area between the acquisition layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 and the underlying diffusion layer 54 is improved. The diffusion layer 54 follows the shape of most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250. Therefore, the amount of liquid excretion transferred from the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 to the diffusion layer 54 can be increased.

  15A-15F show different alternative forms of the three-dimensional protrusion 250. FIG. The bulb-shaped protrusion can be one of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 that can be obtained by the process described above using the apparatus 200. The topsheet / capture layer stack 245 may include a majority of three-dimensional protrusions 250 that extend toward the backsheet 25.

  As shown in FIG. 15A, the three-dimensional protrusion 250 is formed from the fibers of the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52. Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 are a base 256 that forms an opening, a widened distal portion 257 that is located on the opposite side and extends toward the distal end 259, and between the base 256 and the distal portion 257. Is defined by one or more sidewall portions 255 located in As shown in FIG. 15A, the base 256, the distal portion 257, and the one or more side walls 255 are formed by fibers so that most three-dimensional protrusions 250 have openings only at the base 256. The side wall portion 255 may be substantially continuous. For example, the side wall 255 may be spherical or conical. Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may include two or more side walls 255, for example, in a pyramidal protrusion. One or more side walls 255 of most three-dimensional protrusions 250 may be substantially or completely surrounded by fibers.

  As shown in FIG. 15B, the formation of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 including the inner three-dimensional protrusion 251 </ b> A and the outer three-dimensional protrusion 251 </ b> B, the inner three-dimensional protrusion 251 </ b> A made of the top sheet 24, and the capturing layer 52. The top sheet 24 is trapped between the first forming member (211) and the second forming member (212) so that the outer three-dimensional projecting portions 251B formed by It may be performed by engaging with. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15B, the inner three-dimensional protrusion 251A of the top sheet 24 and the outer three-dimensional protrusion 251B of the capturing layer 52 are nested with each other.

  The inner three-dimensional protrusion 251A may include a plurality of fibers 254A constituting the top sheet 24. The outer three-dimensional protrusion 251 </ b> B in which the inner three-dimensional protrusion 251 </ b> A may be nested may include a plurality of fibers 254 </ b> B constituting the acquisition layer 52. The plurality of fibers (254A and 254B) constituting the three-dimensional protrusion 250 may surround the side wall portion 255 of the three-dimensional protrusion 250.

  Both the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 are extensible so that the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 can be stretched so as to nest over each other. That is, the fibers that make up the topsheet 24 and the capture layer 52 can stretch and / or move.

  The extensibility of the materials constituting the top sheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 can be generally selected according to the desired dimensions of the three-dimensional protrusion 250. If a relatively large three-dimensional protrusion 250 is desired, a relatively highly extensible material will be selected.

  For example, the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 are at least 100% or more in the machine direction and / or the cross machine direction when or before reaching the breaking tension, according to the test method described in the “Definition of Terms” section. Or 110% or more, or 120% or more, or 130% or more, and may be capable of withstanding an apparent elongation of up to 200%.

  In some cases, it may be desirable to have a majority of three-dimensional protrusions 250 that are longer in either the machine direction or the cross machine direction. Thus, the materials making up the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 may be relatively more extensible in the longitudinal axis when compared to the transverse axis of the absorbent article, or vice versa.

Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may include a hollow region 253 that is part of the three-dimensional protrusion 251A that contains no fibers or very few fibers. Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 can also be defined by the protrusion base width WB _{1 of} the base 256 that forms the opening, which is measured from the two sidewalls of the inner portion 251A at the base 256. Three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the most may be defined by the width WD ₂ of the cavity region 253, or which is the maximum within the width was measured between two side wall portions in the inner three-dimensional protrusions 251A, or When the distal portion is substantially circular, it is the maximum diameter of the side wall portion of the inner three-dimensional protrusion 251A. The maximum inner width WD ₂ of the cavity region 253 in the distal portion may be wider than the protrusion base width WB ₁ of the base 256 of the three-dimensional protrusion 250. The protrusion base width WB ₁ at the base 256 of most three-dimensional protrusions 250 may be in the range of 1.5 mm to 15 mm, 1.5 mm to 10 mm, 1.5 mm to 5 mm, or 1.5 mm to 3 mm. Good. Measurement of the dimensions of the protrusion base width WB _{1 of the} base 256 and the width WD ₂ of the distal portion 257 can be performed using a micrograph. When the dimension of the protrusion base width WB ₁ of the base 256 is specified in this specification, the protrusion base width WB ₁ has the widest width when the opening does not have a uniform width in a specific direction. It is understood that it is measured at the site. Measurement of the protrusion base width WB _{1 of} the base 256 or the maximum inner width WD ₂ of the cavity region 253 at the distal portion 257 can be performed using a 20 × magnification micrograph.

  If the plurality of fibers (254A and 254B) that make up most of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 can be present in one or more sidewalls 255 in the majority of the three-dimensional protrusion 250, then the topsheet / capture layer stack When a compressive force is applied on the body 245, most of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 can be prevented from being crushed to one side and the opening in the base 256 is not blocked. When the three-dimensional protrusion 250 is pressurized, the opening of the base 256 can be maintained, and a highly impermeable ring can be formed around the opening of the base 256. Therefore, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 can be kept, and can be maintained visible to the consumer when the absorbent article 20 is viewed from the top sheet 24 side. Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 remain even after being subjected to some inherent compressive force by a process or step of compressing the absorbent article comprising the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 before packing. Can be kept.

  In other words, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may have some degree of dimensional stability in the XY plane when a force in the Z direction is applied to most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250. . As long as this collapsed configuration prevents most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 from falling or being pushed back to the original plane of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245, most of the three-dimensional protrusions. It is not essential that the collapsed configuration of the portion 250 is symmetric. Without being bound by theory, the combination of the wide base 256 and the large cap 52 (which is larger than the protrusion base width of the base opening 256) without the pivot point allows the three-dimensional protrusion 250 to be combined. This results in a controlled collapse (large distal portion 257 prevents the three-dimensional protrusion 250 from falling or being pushed back to the original plane of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245). . Therefore, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 do not have a hinge structure that causes the side surface to bend when pressed.

  At least one of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 in the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 is controlled as described below under a load of 7 kPa when testing according to the accelerated compression method in the Test Methods section below. It may be desirable to be crushed in a customized manner.

  Alternatively, at least some, or in other cases, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may be collapsed in a controlled manner as described herein.

  Alternatively, substantially all and most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may be collapsed in a controlled manner as described herein. The ability of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 to collapse may also be measured under a load of 35 kPa. Simulations of manufacturing conditions and compression packaging conditions were performed with loads of 7 kPa and 35 kPa. Wearing conditions can range from 2 kPa or less to a maximum of 7 kPa.

  In general, most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 have their respective bases 256 forming the openings kept open, and the protrusion base widths after pressurization of the respective bases 256 forming the openings are 0.5 mm. It may be configured to collapse in a controlled manner to be super.

  In the region of the three-dimensional protrusion 250, the topsheet 24 and / or the acquisition layer 52 may include one or more interruptions. The formation of one or more interruptions may be due to the nature of the topsheet 24 and acquisition layer 52. In relation to fiber mobility and / or fiber extensibility, the topsheet 24 is less extensible than the acquisition layer 52 so that holes begin to form in the topsheet 24 and / or acquisition layer 52. Or vice versa.

  As shown in FIG. 15C, the acquisition layer 52 may be interrupted in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 in the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245.

  In general, the acquisition layer 52 may have a lower extensibility than the topsheet 24. In such a case, the acquisition layer 52 may begin to tear and form an interruption, that is, even if the extensibility and / or mobility of the fibers making up the acquisition layer 52 are lower than the fibers making up the topsheet 24. That is good.

  A corresponding three-dimensional protrusion 251A made of the other uninterrupted topsheet penetrates the interrupted acquisition layer 52. In such cases, this interruption may be formed by locally rupturing the acquisition layer 52 by the process described in detail above. This penetration may be performed by pushing the topsheet 24 through the acquisition layer 52. In order to obtain these three-dimensional protrusions, the engagement depth (DOE) of the device 200 may be appropriately selected from the range of 2 mm to 10 mm, or 3 mm to 7 mm. The interrupted acquisition layer 52 may have any suitable configuration in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion 250. The tearing may be accompanied by a simple cleavage of the acquisition layer 52 so that the interruption of the acquisition layer 52 remains a simple, two-dimensional hole. The flap 269 may be formed by slightly deflecting or urged out-of-place a portion of the acquisition layer 52 in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion 250.

  If the corresponding other uninterrupted topsheet 24 penetrates the interrupted acquisition layer 52, the topsheet 24 is directly in contact with the underlying layer (eg, carrier layer 17, diffusion layer 54 or absorbent core 28). It becomes possible to make contact and drainage from the top sheet is efficiently performed, so that the dryness of the top sheet / capture layer laminate 245 can be improved.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 15D or FIG. 15E, the acquisition layer 52 may be interrupted in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 in the topsheet / capture layer stack 245. The three-dimensional protrusion 251B of the acquisition layer 52 with the interruption may include an interruption part 258B. As shown in FIG. 15D, the three-dimensional protrusions 251A of the topsheet 24 without interruption may coincide with and fit with the three-dimensional protrusions 251B of the acquisition layer with interruption. In other words, the top sheet 24 is not pushed through the acquisition layer 52, and the top sheet 24 does not penetrate the acquisition layer 52.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 15E, the three-dimensional protrusion 251A of the top sheet 24 without interruption may partially fit with the three-dimensional protrusion 251B of the acquisition layer with interruption.

  Similarly, the topsheet 24 may be interrupted in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 in the topsheet / capture layer stack 245.

  In general, the topsheet 24 may have a lower extensibility than the acquisition layer 52. In such a case, the topsheet 24 may begin to tear and form an interruption, that is, even if the extensibility and / or mobility of the fibers making up the topsheet 24 are lower than the fibers making up the acquisition layer 52. That is good.

  As another alternative, the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 may be interrupted in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245, and the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet 251A. Are aligned with and fit into the three-dimensional protrusion 251B of the acquisition layer. As shown in FIG. 15F, in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245, the interruption portion 258A in the topsheet 24 is a three-dimensional protrusion 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245. In the region of, the interruption portion 258B in the acquisition layer 52 does not coincide. In this case, the interrupting portion 258A of the top sheet 24 and the interrupting portion 258B of the acquisition layer 52 are at different positions in the three-dimensional protrusion 250, respectively.

  Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may protrude toward the wearer's body during use of the absorbent article 20 (see also FIG. 3). When most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 protrude toward the wearer's body during use of the absorbent article 20, the gap between the topsheet 24 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 and the wearer's skin. The contact area can be reduced to provide improved dryness and comfort. Therefore, the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 provides cushioning and improved comfort to the wearer.

  16A to 16E show alternative examples of the manner in which a plurality of three-dimensional protrusions 250 (eg, bulbous protrusions) protrude from the acquisition layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 to the topsheet 24. . In these methods, the three-dimensional protrusion 250 may include an inner three-dimensional protrusion 251A and an outer three-dimensional protrusion 251B. The inner three-dimensional protrusion 251A of the acquisition layer 52 is nested within the outer three-dimensional protrusion 251B of the topsheet 24. The inner three-dimensional protrusion 251A may include a plurality of loop-like fibers 254B of the acquisition layer 52. The outer three-dimensional protrusion 251 </ b> B in which the inner three-dimensional protrusion 251 </ b> A is nested may include a plurality of loop-like fibers 254 </ b> A of the top sheet 24.

Within the 10 cm ² region of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245, 5-100 three-dimensional protrusions 250, 10-50 three-dimensional protrusions 250, or 20-40 three-dimensional. A protrusion 250 may be provided.

Fiber Density Topsheet 24 may include a generally flat first region of topsheet 24. The acquisition layer 52 may include a generally flat first region of the acquisition layer 52. The corresponding three-dimensional protrusions in the topsheet 24 and acquisition layer 52 may include a plurality of discrete integral second regions. The term “substantially flat” is not intended to suggest any particular flatness, smoothness or dimensionality. Accordingly, the first region of the topsheet 24 may include other shapes that provide a certain topography to the first region of the topsheet 24. The first region of the acquisition layer 52 may include other shapes that provide a certain topography to the first region of the acquisition layer 52. Examples of such other shapes include, but are not limited to, a small protrusion, a raised mesh area around the base 256 that forms the opening, and other types of shapes. Thus, the first region of the topsheet 24 and / or the first region of the acquisition layer 52 can be generally flat when considered compared to the corresponding second region. The first region of the topsheet 24 and / or the first region of the acquisition layer 52 may have any suitable planar configuration. In some cases, the first region of the topsheet 24 and / or the first region of the acquisition layer 52 is in the form of a continuous and interconnected network that includes portions surrounding each respective three-dimensional protrusion 250. possible.

  The side wall portion 259 of most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 and the peripheral region of the base portion 256 correspond to the top sheet 24 and / or the trapping in the first region where the corresponding topsheet 24 and the trapping layer 52 are not formed. The fiber density per arbitrary area can be visibly significantly lower than the portion of layer 52 (which may be evidence of low basis weight or low impermeability). Most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may further have thinned fibers at the side wall 259. Thus, the fibers may have a first cross-sectional area when present in the undeformed topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52, and most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245. The side wall portion 259 may have a second cross-sectional area, where the first cross-sectional area is greater than the second cross-sectional area. The side wall part 259 may further contain some broken fibers as well. The side wall portion 259 may include about 30% or more, or about 50% or more of broken fibers.

  As used herein, the term “fiber density” has a similar meaning to basis weight, but fiber density refers to number of fibers / arbitrary area, as opposed to grams / area in basis weight.

  The topsheet / capture layer stack 245 may include a majority of three-dimensional protrusions 250 oriented with the base 256 facing upward, where the corresponding topsheet 24 and capture layer 52 respectively. The fiber density at the distal end 259 differs between the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52.

  The fiber density in the first region of the acquisition layer 52 and the fiber density at the distal end 259 of the majority of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 are the fibers in the sidewall 255 of the majority of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 of the acquisition layer 52. It may be larger than the density.

  The fiber density in the first region of the topsheet 24 and the fiber density at the distal end 259 of most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 are the fibers in the side wall 255 of the majority of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet 24. It may be larger than the density.

  Alternatively, the fiber density of the first region in the acquisition layer 52 may be greater than the fiber density of the sidewalls 255 in most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the acquisition layer 52, and most of the acquisition layer 52. The fiber density of the side wall 255 in the three-dimensional protrusion 250 may be greater than the density of the fibers that form the distal end 259 of the majority of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 in the acquisition layer 52.

  The fiber density of the first region of the acquisition layer 52 may be greater than the fiber density of the distal end 259 of the majority of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the acquisition layer 52 and the first region of the topsheet 24. The fiber density and the fiber density of the distal end 259 in most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250 may be larger than the fiber density of the side wall 255 of the most three-dimensional protrusions 250 of the topsheet 24.

  The portion of the fibers that form the fibers of the first region of the acquisition layer 52 and / or the topsheet 24 may include thermal point bonds, and the sidewalls of most three-dimensional protrusions 250. The portion of fibers in the acquisition layer 52 and / or the topsheet 24 that form the portion 255 and the distal end 259 may be substantially free of thermal bonding points. In at least some of the three-dimensional protrusions, at least some of the fibers in the acquisition layer 52 and / or the topsheet 24 are at the transition between the sidewall portion 255 and the base 256 of the three-dimensional protrusion 250. A nest or ring may be formed around the periphery of the three-dimensional protrusion 250.

  In some cases, the topsheet 24 or the acquisition layer 52 may have a plurality of bonds (such as thermal bonding points) for bonding the fibers together. Typically, such bonds are present in the precursor material, which is the respective forming material of the topsheet 24 or acquisition layer 52.

  Forming the three-dimensional protrusion 250 in the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 may further affect the bonding (thermal bonding point) inside the topsheet 24 and / or the capture layer 52.

  The bond in the distal end 259 of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 can remain intact (not broken) by the mechanical deformation process that forms the three-dimensional protrusion 250. However, at the side wall 255 of the three-dimensional protrusion 250, the bonds originally present in the precursor material of the topsheet 24 and / or acquisition layer 52 can be broken. When mentioning that the bond can be broken, this can take several forms. Although the bond is broken, the remaining bond may be left. In other cases, for example, if the bonding of the respective precursor material of the topsheet 24 or acquisition layer 52 is underbonded, the fibers can unravel (similar to unwinding) from loosely formed bonding sites. The binding site essentially disappears. In some cases, after the mechanical deformation process, the sidewalls 255 in most three-dimensional protrusions 250 may be substantially (or completely) free of thermal bonding points.

  The bond in the first region of the topsheet 24 and the bond in the distal end 259 of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 may remain intact. However, within the sidewall portion 255 of the three-dimensional protrusion 250, the bonds originally present in the topsheet 24 precursor material can be broken such that the sidewall portion 255 is substantially free of thermal bonding points. In addition, the fiber density in the top sheet 24 of the first region and the fiber density of the distal end 259 of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 are similarly set in the top sheet 24 in the first region. You may combine with the acquisition layer 52 higher than the fiber density inside.

  The acquisition layer 52 may have a thermal bond point in the first region of the acquisition layer 52 and in the distal end 259 of the original three-dimensional protrusion 250. However, within the sidewall portion 255 of the three-dimensional protrusion 250, it is inherently present in the acquisition layer 52 precursor material, including the acquisition layer 52, such that the sidewall portion 255 of the acquisition layer 52 is substantially free of thermal bonding points. The bond can be broken. In other cases, the acquisition layer at the distal end 259 of the three-dimensional protrusion 250 such that at least some of the distal end 259 in the three-dimensional protrusion 250 substantially or completely does not include a thermal bond point. Thermal bond points in 52 can also be destroyed.

Marks The topsheet 24, the acquisition layer 52, and / or the carrier layer 17 may include one or more marks. In other cases, two or more of these layers may include landmarks.

  As used herein, the term “mark” includes, for example, one or more dye-containing inks, dye-containing adhesives, words, designs, trademarks, graphics, patterns, and / or colored areas. Can be mentioned. The term “marking” does not include layers that are entirely dyed or colored. Typically, the landmark is (1) a color different from the layer on which the landmark is printed, placed or applied, or (2) a color different from the color of the other layers of the absorbent article 20. Also good.

  The expression “different colors” may mean the difference in shade of the same color (eg, dark blue and light blue) or may mean completely different colors (eg, blue and gray).

  Even if the indicia is not printed, placed or applied on the wearer-facing or clothing-facing surface of the absorbent article 20, the indicia is the wearer-facing surface, clothing Must be visible at least partially from either the surface facing the surface or both surfaces of the absorbent article 20.

  The mark may be printed, arranged, or applied to, for example, the three-dimensional projecting region and the non-three-dimensional projecting region, or only on the three-dimensional projecting region or on the region that is not the three-dimensional projecting unit. Only may be printed, arranged or applied. The three-dimensional protrusion region may include some or all of most of the three-dimensional protrusions 250.

  Markers are substances that can be activated by light, substances that can be activated by liquid, substances that can be activated by pH, substances that can be activated by temperature, substances that can be activated by menstrual blood, and substances that can be activated by urine Substances, substances that can be activated by excrement, or substances that can be activated by other methods may be included. Typically, these activatable materials undergo a chemical reaction or other reaction to change the landmark from one color to a different color and from one color to the same color in different shades in the absorbent article 20. Change from a color that is not visually distinguishable to a color that is visually distinguishable on the absorbent article 20 or a color that is visually distinguishable on the absorbent article 20 to a color that is not visually distinguishable on the absorbent article 20 Can do.

  For example, after the landmark has undergone a reaction, the landmark may become larger, smaller, display graphics, or may not display graphics. In other cases, the landmark may be activated by stress or tension during manufacture or wear.

  The mark may be white or not white. When the color of the landmark is white, for example, the at least one layer is not white so that the landmark is visible from the wearer-facing surface and / or the garment-facing surface of the absorbent article 20. It may be.

  The indicia may include embossing, fusion bonding, or other mechanical deformation. In other cases, the landmark may be at least partially overlapped with embossing, fusion bonding, or other mechanical deformation.

  In some cases, the landmark may be formed in either the core or the sheath of the composite fiber. For example, the sheath may be blue while the core may be white or vice versa.

  The mark may be arranged, formed, printed, or applied to the entire surface or a part of a specific layer, or may be formed by the entire surface or a part of the specific layer. Also, the indicia may be placed, formed, printed, or applied to one or more layers or all suitable layers of the absorbent article 20, or one or more layers or all of the absorbent article 20 It may be formed by a suitable layer. In addition, the mark is arranged, formed, printed, or applied to one side or both sides of one or more layers of the absorbent article 20, or one side of one or more layers of the absorbent article 20 or It may be formed by both sides. In some cases, suitable layers for placing the landmarks are topsheet 24, secondary topsheet, acquisition layer 52, diffusion layer 54, carrier layer 17, core wrap 160, lower side 16 'of core wrap 160, core wrap 160. One or more of the additional layers disposed at least partially in the middle of the upper side 16 and / or between the top sheet 24 and the upper side 16 of the core wrap 160 (hereinafter “markers”). May be referred to as a “material suitable for the arrangement of”).

  In addition to or in addition to the landmarks described above, any one or more of the layers suitable for placement of the landmark, or a portion thereof, may be any of the remaining layers for placement of the landmark. One or more layers or portions thereof may have a different color. The definition of the expression “different colors” above also applies in this part of the disclosure. In some cases, the mark may be a color different from the color of any one or more of the layers suitable for the arrangement of the mark.

  Alternatively, one landmark may be on one of the layers suitable for placement of the landmark, while another one of the remaining layers suitable for placement of the landmark is a color different from the color of the landmark. It may be. In one example, blue landmarks are on the white carrier layer 17 and the acquisition layer 52 or topsheet 24 can be a dark grayish teal.

  In another example, blue landmarks are on the white carrier layer 17 and the acquisition layer 52 or topsheet 24 can also be white. In this way, the blue mark can be visible from the surface facing the wearer.

  In another example, the blue landmarks may be on the acquisition layer 52 and the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 are used to provide a topsheet / capture layer stack 245 having a three-dimensional protrusion 250. At the same time, they are mechanically deformed and combined together, preferably nested together.

  In one example, the topsheet and acquisition layer are mechanically deformed and combined together, preferably nested together, to provide a topsheet / capture layer stack 245 having a three-dimensional protrusion 250. Indices may be applied to the topsheet 24 or acquisition layer 52 before or after performing the mechanical deformation (or preferably, ie, nesting).

  In one example, two different landmarks may be placed on the same or separate layers for placement of the landmark. These two different landmarks may be different in color, pattern, and / or graphics, for example. Where two different landmarks are in different layers for placement of the landmarks, the two layers may have the same or different colors, or may have portions of the same or different colors .

  In some cases, as described in more detail in U.S. Patent No. 8,936,584, a portion of the inner side of the absorbent article 20 (the surface facing the wearer), or all visible colors, It may be harmonious and / or complementary to some or all of the visible colors on the outside (clothing-facing surface) of the absorbent article 20. In addition, the mark visible from the inside may be harmonious and / or complementary to the mark visible from the outside of the absorbent article 20. In such a case, the back sheet 25 of the absorbent article 20 may include an outer cover nonwoven fabric and a back sheet film. The mark visible from the outside of the absorbent article 20 may be on the outer cover nonwoven fabric or the back sheet film.

  In still other cases, the mark and / or color visible from the inside may be harmonious or complementary to the mark and / or color visible from the outside of the absorbent article 20.

  In addition to the above description, the first portion in one of the layers suitable for placement of the landmark may be the first color, and in the same layer of the preferred layer for placement of the landmark. The second portion may be the second color. The first color and the second color may be different colors. In other cases, the first portion in one of the layers suitable for placement of the landmark may be the first color, and the second in a different layer of the layers suitable for placement of the landmark. The portion may be the second color. The first color and the second color may be different colors.

  As one example, one of the topsheet 24, acquisition layer 52, a portion of the core wrap 160, or an additional layer (eg, carrier layer 170) within the absorbent article 20 is the topsheet 24, acquisition. The layer 52, a portion of the core wrap 160, or a different one of the additional layers may have a different color.

  As another example, one of a portion of the topsheet 24, a portion of the acquisition layer 52, a portion of the core wrap 160, or a portion of the additional layer within the absorbent article 20 is May be different in color from a different part of a part of, a part of the acquisition layer 52, a part of the core wrap 160, or a part of the additional layer.

  As another example, a first portion of the topsheet 24, the acquisition layer 52, a portion of the core wrap 160, or one of the additional layers within the absorbent article 20 is the topsheet 24, the acquisition layer 52, The core wrap 160 or the second part of the same layer of additional layers may be different in color.

  The process of the present disclosure may be applied to the topsheet 24, the acquisition layer 52, the carrier layer 17, a portion of the core wrap 160, and / or an additional layer disposed at least partially between the topsheet 24 and the backsheet 25. , Applying landmarks, or placing or printing landmarks thereon. Markings are placed on both sides of the topsheet 24, the acquisition layer 52, the carrier layer 17, a portion of the core wrap 160, and / or an additional layer located at least partially between the topsheet 24 and the backsheet 25. Or a landmark may be printed or applied on them. If a landmark is applied to, or placed or printed on, the topsheet 24 or the acquisition layer 52, this step will cause the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 to be provided to provide the topsheet / capture layer stack 245. It may be done before or after being mechanically deformed and combined together.

  In some forms, indicia may be placed or printed on or applied to the carrier layer 17 comprising pulp fibers. In other forms, the indicia may be placed or printed on or applied to the garment facing surface or the wearer facing surface of the acquisition layer 52. In some cases, materials suitable for placement of the landmarks may be purchased with the landmarks in place, or they may be applied before or during delivery of these materials to the absorbent article production line. Or it may be printed or placed.

Topsheet and Acquisition Layer Precursor Layer The topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 of the present invention can be made of any suitable nonwoven material ("precursor material"). In some cases, the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 may also be free of cellulosic material. The precursor material of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 may have suitable properties for deformation. Suitable properties of the precursor material include apparent fiber elongation, fiber mobility, deformability and extensibility in the region of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 where the three-dimensional protrusion 250 is formed. be able to. Therefore, for the precursor material, the three-dimensional protrusion 250 ensures that it is difficult to recover or return to the original configuration in which the flat topsheet 24 is laminated on the flat acquisition layer 52. Mechanical deformation can be performed.

  Some examples of nonwovens suitable for use as the topsheet 24 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 include spunbond nonwovens, carded nonwovens, and nonwovens with certain properties that are relatively easily deformable. However, it is not limited to these.

  One suitable nonwoven material for the topsheet 24 of the topsheet / trapping layer laminate 245 can be a stretch bonded polypropylene / polyethylene spunbond nonwoven. One suitable nonwoven material for the topsheet 24 of the topsheet / trapping layer laminate 245 can be a spunbond nonwoven comprising polypropylene and polyethylene. The fiber may be a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene. Alternatively, the fibers may comprise composite fibers such as core-sheath fibers in which the fiber sheath is polyethylene and the fiber core is polypropylene.

  The topsheet 24 of the topsheet / trapping layer laminate 245 may have a basis weight of 8 gsm to 40 gsm, 8 gsm to 30 gsm, or 8 gsm to 20 gsm.

  Non-woven fabrics suitable as the capture layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 may include spunbond nonwoven fabrics, high-loft card nonwoven materials with air-through bonds ("TAB"), spunlace nonwoven fabrics, and card nonwoven materials with resin bonds. However, it is not limited to these.

  Spunbond PET is denser than carded nonwovens and can be more uniform and impervious. Because PET fibers are not very extensible, when bonding a nonwoven fabric, when the material is pulled, at least some of the fibers are easily separated from the binding sites and the fibers are pulled out of the binding sites and rearranged. As you can. In this type of bonding, for example, compression bonding, the mobility of fibers can be easily improved. In fact, fibers tend to be pulled out of the binding site when subjected to tension.

  The acquisition layer exhibits a basis weight of 10 gsm to 120 gsm, 10 gsm to 100 gsm, or 10 gsm to 80 gsm.

The topsheet 24 and / or the acquisition layer ^{52, 0.01g / cm 3 ~0.4g / cm} 3, 0.01g / cm 3 ~0.25g / cm 3, or 0.04g ^/ cm 3 ~0.15g It may have a density of / cm ³ .

  The topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 may be joined together before or during mechanical deformation. If desired, an adhesive, chemical bonding, resin or powder bonding, or thermal bonding applied between the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 bonds specific areas or the entire surface of the topsheet 24 and the acquisition layer 52 together. In order to do so, it may be used selectively. In addition, the topsheet 24 and the capture layer 52 may be bonded during the process, for example, by carding the topsheet 24 onto the capture layer 52 and thermal point bonding the combined layers. .

  Prior to mechanical deformation, the topsheet 24 may be attached to the acquisition layer 52. For example, the topsheet 24 may be attached to the capture layer 52 at a site where the topsheet 24 and the capture layer 52 overlap. Attachment of the topsheet 24 to the acquisition layer 52 may include a uniform continuous adhesive layer, application of adhesive in an intermittent pattern, or an array of individual lines, spirals or points of adhesive. Good. The basis weight of the adhesive in the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 may be 0.5 gsm to 30 gsm, 1 gsm to 10 gsm, or 2 gsm to 5 gsm.

Carrier Layer Material The carrier layer 17 may be selected from the group consisting of non-woven fabric, tissue, or film, and combinations thereof.

  Examples of nonwoven webs used for carrier layer 17 may include various types of known nonwoven webs, such as spunbond nonwoven webs, meltblown nonwoven webs, and spunbond-meltblown-spunbond nonwoven webs. These nonwoven webs are made from thermoplastic polymers.

  The material of the fibers constituting the nonwoven web used for the carrier layer 17 includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester and acrylic, and conjugate fibers such as polyethylene / polypropylene, polyethylene / polyethylene terephthalate, and polypropylene / polyethylene terephthalate, And various types of known fibers such as fibers formed from core-sheath fibers and side-by-side fibers. The fibers may be used alone or in combination. Furthermore, the carrier layer 17 may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure.

  The carrier layer 17 may include a tissue made of wet laid fibers, including cellulose fibers having a wet burst strength of 50 g to 500 g, and combinations thereof, according to a wet burst strength test method.

  The carrier layer 17 may be treated with a surfactant for imparting hydrophilicity to the carrier layer 17. The carrier layer 17 may be manufactured from one type of material in the group described above, and may be subjected to chemical modification for imparting hydrophilicity to the material. Therefore, the transfer of liquid excrement from the diffusion layer 54 of the absorbent article 20 to the absorbent core 28 can be improved by the hydrophilic carrier layer 17.

  The carrier layer 17 may have a basis weight of at least 5 gsm to 60 gsm, at least 5 gsm to 20 gsm, or at least 5 gsm to 15 gsm.

  The carrier layer 17 may be wider and longer than the diffusion layer 54. When the diffusion layer 54 includes a dry laid fiber structure and the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 includes several holes, the carrier layer causes the fibers 540 of the dry laid fiber structure to reach the wearer's skin. Can be easily prevented.

The carrier layer 17 may be colored. Color may be imparted to the carrier layer 17 by color pigmentation. The term “colored” encompasses any pigment suitable for imparting a non-white color to the carrier layer 17. Thus, this term does not include “white” pigments such as TiO ₂ that are typically added to layers of conventional absorbent articles to impart a white appearance. For example, as is done with inks, paints, plastics, or other polymeric materials, pigments are typically dispersed in a carrier or base for application.

  The pigment may be introduced into a polypropylene masterbatch, for example. The masterbatch contains a high concentration of pigments and / or additives dispersed in the carrier medium, which are then used to color or modify the raw polymer material to obtain a colored composite nonwoven fabric be able to. An example of a suitable colored masterbatch material that may be introduced is Pantone Color 270 Sunnylen violet PP 4200634 ex Clariant, which is a PP resin containing a high concentration of purple pigment. The amount of pigment introduced relative to the weight of the carrier layer 17 may typically be between 0.3% and 2.5%.

  Alternatively, the carrier layer 17 may be colored by impregnating the base material with a colorant. Colorants such as dyes, pigments, or combinations thereof may be impregnated when forming a substrate such as a polymer, resin, or nonwoven fabric. For example, a colorant may be added to a molten batch of polymer during the formation of a film, fiber, or filament.

  As long as the colored carrier layer 17 is visible from the topsheet 24, the colored carrier layer 17 highlights the impression given by the three-dimensional protrusion 250 to the caregiver when viewing the absorbent article from the topsheet. As a result, it can give a deeper impression. Therefore, the colored carrier layer 17 can make it easier for the caregiver to recognize that the absorbent article can absorb a large amount of liquid excreta.

  The topsheet 24 and / or the capture layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 may be colored for the same reason.

  The carrier layer 17 may be porous and may have a relatively high permeability and, for example, a relatively high degree of saturation when exposed to fluid under suction pressure using 20 cm of water. (Saturation). The relatively high degree of saturation of the carrier layer 17 can be defined as the ratio between the volume of liquid waste in the pores of the carrier layer 17 and the total cavity volume of the carrier layer 17. The carrier layer 17 may help provide connectivity between the acquisition layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer stack 245 and the diffusion layer 54.

  Furthermore, the carrier layer 17 may include relatively small sized holes so that the fibers 540 of the dry laid fiber structure in the diffusion layer 54 can partially pass through the holes in the carrier layer. Therefore, the dry laid fiber structure 540 can be entangled and contacted with the capture layer 52 of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245. The carrier layer 17 may include a hole having a size of 0.02 mm to 10 mm.

  The density of the topsheet or acquisition layer material was both obtained at 2.1 kPa.

Comparative Example 1
Neither the topsheet nor the acquisition layer was mechanically deformed. The topsheet and acquisition layer were attached to each other using a hot melt adhesive applied in a helical shape with a basis weight of 5 gsm. The acquisition layer was centered with respect to the top sheet on the top sheet, and was positioned 50 mm from the front edge of the top sheet in the MD direction. The topsheet and acquisition layer were attached to each other to form a composite web.

The topsheet was a single component high elongation spunbond polypropylene (HES PP) nonwoven material having a density of 0.11 g / cm ³ and hydrophilic coating. The single-component HES PP nonwoven material of the topsheet has a total basis weight of 20 gsm. In order to make a permanent hydrophilic single component HES PP nonwoven material, the single component HES PP nonwoven material was first coated with a finish prepared from a fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester. The topsheet of the topsheet / capture layer stack had a width of 168 mm and a length of 488 mm.

The acquisition layer was an air-through bonded nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 65 gsm and a density of 0.09 g / cm ³ . The acquisition layer comprises 4 denier coPET / PET (polyethylene terephthalate) composite fiber. The capture layer of the topsheet / capture layer laminate had a width of 90 mm and a length of 338 mm.

  The topsheet and acquisition layer were attached to each other using a hot melt adhesive applied in a helical shape with a basis weight of 5 gsm.

Example 1
The topsheet and acquisition layer were attached to each other using a hot melt adhesive applied in a helical shape with a basis weight of 5 gsm. The acquisition layer was centered with respect to the top sheet on the top sheet, and was positioned 50 mm from the front edge of the top sheet in the MD direction. The topsheet and acquisition layer were attached to each other to form a composite web.

  The top sheet and the acquisition layer were mechanically deformed simultaneously by passing between a pair of meshing male and female rolls to obtain a top sheet / capture layer laminate. The top sheet of the top sheet / trapping layer laminate was brought into contact with the male roll. The top layer of the topsheet / capture layer laminate was brought into contact with a female roll. As shown in FIG. 14A, the teeth of the male roll have vertical sidewalls and rounded or rounded edges at the transition between the top and sidewalls of the teeth. Has a rounded diamond shape. The teeth are 4.72 mm (0.186 inches) long, 3.18 mm (0.125 inches) wide, the spacing in the CD direction is 3.81 mm (0.150 inches), and the spacing in the MD direction is 8.79 mm (0.346 inch). The concavity of the mating female roll also has a rounded diamond shape similar to that of the male roll, with a gap between these rolls of 0.813 mm to 1.6 mm (0.032 inch to 0 mm). .063 inches). With the topsheet in contact with the male roll and the acquisition layer in contact with the female roll, the process speed was 800 fpm and the engagement depth (DOE) was 3.94 mm (0.155 inches).

The topsheet of the topsheet / trapping layer laminate was a single component high elongation spunbond polypropylene (HES PP) nonwoven material having a density of 0.11 g / cm ³ and hydrophilic coating. The single-component HES PP nonwoven material of the topsheet has a total basis weight of 20 gsm. In order to make a permanent hydrophilic single component HES PP nonwoven material, the single component HES PP nonwoven material was first coated with a finish prepared from a fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester. The topsheet of the topsheet / capture layer stack had a width of 168 mm and a length of 488 mm.

The acquisition layer of the topsheet / capture layer laminate was an air-through bonded nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 65 gsm and a density of 0.09 g / cm ³ . The acquisition layer comprises 4 denier coPET / PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bicomponent fibers treated with a surfactant. The capture layer of the topsheet / capture layer laminate had a width of 90 mm and a length of 338 mm.

  The topsheet and acquisition layer were attached to each other using a hot melt adhesive applied in a helical shape with a basis weight of 5 gsm.

(Comparative Example 2)
The topsheet and acquisition layer were attached to each other using a hot melt adhesive applied in a helical shape with a basis weight of 5 gsm. The acquisition layer was centered with respect to the top sheet on the top sheet, and was positioned 50 mm from the front edge of the top sheet in the MD direction. The topsheet and acquisition layer were attached to each other to form a composite web. Neither the topsheet nor the acquisition layer was mechanically deformed.

The topsheet was a single component high elongation spunbond polypropylene (HES PP) nonwoven material having a density of 0.11 g / cm ³ and hydrophilic coating. The single-component HES PP nonwoven material of the topsheet has a total basis weight of 20 gsm. In order to make a permanent hydrophilic single component HES PP nonwoven material, the single component HES PP nonwoven material was first coated with a finish prepared from a fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester. The topsheet of the topsheet / capture layer stack had a width of 168 mm and a length of 488 mm.

The acquisition layer was a spunbond nonwoven having a basis weight of 60 gsm and a density of 0.13 g / cm ³ . The acquisition layer comprises 7 denier, PET / coPET (polyethylene terephthalate) trilobal cross-section composite fiber treated with a surfactant and having a PET / coPET ratio of 70/30. The capture layer of the topsheet / capture layer laminate had a width of 90 mm and a length of 338 mm.

(Example 2)
The topsheet and acquisition layer were attached to each other using a hot melt adhesive applied in a helical shape with a basis weight of 5 gsm. The acquisition layer was centered with respect to the top sheet on the top sheet, and was positioned 50 mm from the front edge of the top sheet in the MD direction. The topsheet and acquisition layer were attached to each other to form a composite web. The top sheet and the capture layer attached to each other were mechanically deformed simultaneously by passing between a pair of meshing male and female rolls. The top sheet of the top sheet / trapping layer laminate was brought into contact with the male roll. The top layer of the topsheet / capture layer laminate was brought into contact with a female roll. As shown in FIG. 14A, the teeth of the male roll have vertical sidewalls and rounded or rounded edges at the transition between the top and sidewalls of the teeth. Has a rounded diamond shape. The teeth are 4.72 mm (0.186 inches) long, 3.18 mm (0.125 inches) wide, the spacing in the CD direction is 3.81 mm (0.150 inches), and the spacing in the MD direction is 8.79 mm (0.346 inch). The concavity of the mating female roll also has a rounded diamond shape similar to that of the male roll, with a gap between these rolls of 0.813 mm to 1.6 mm (0.032 inch to 0 mm). .063 inches). With the topsheet in contact with the male roll and the acquisition layer in contact with the female roll, the process speed was 800 fpm and the engagement depth (DOE) was 3.94 mm (0.155 inches).

The topsheet of the topsheet / trapping layer laminate was a single component high elongation spunbond polypropylene (HES PP) nonwoven material having a density of 0.11 g / cm ³ and hydrophilic coating. The single-component HES PP nonwoven material of the topsheet has a total basis weight of 20 gsm. In order to make a permanent hydrophilic single component HES PP nonwoven material, the single component HES PP nonwoven material was first coated with a finish prepared from a fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester. The topsheet of the topsheet / capture layer stack had a width of 168 mm and a length of 488 mm.

The acquisition layer of the topsheet / capture layer laminate was a spunbond nonwoven having a basis weight of 60 gsm and a density of 0.13 g / cm ³ . The acquisition layer comprises 7 denier, PET / coPET (polyethylene terephthalate) trilobal cross-section composite fiber treated with a surfactant and having a PET / coPET ratio of 70/30. The capture layer of the topsheet / capture layer laminate had a width of 90 mm and a length of 338 mm.

Prototypes of diapers used in the examples Diaper prototypes used in the above examples were manufactured using a diaper, Papers Active Fit S4 (size 4), which is commercially available in Germany in November 2014. Pampers Active Fit S4 (size 4) diapers include a topsheet, a capture layer under the topsheet, a diffusion layer under the capture layer, and an absorbent core positioned between the diffusion layer and the backsheet under the absorbent core, Is provided. A diaper prototype for use in the above comparative examples and examples was produced using a Papers Active Fit S4 (size 4) diaper.

  For each comparative example and example, they were attached to the top of a Pampers Active Fit diaper marketed in Germany in November 2014 that removed the commercial topsheet and acquisition layer while leaving the diffusion layer in place. A top sheet and a trapping layer were placed. For each diaper prototype based on Examples 1 and 2, the topsheet / capture layer stack was placed on top of the diffusion layer with the three-dimensional protrusion protruding toward the backsheet.

  The acquisition layer was arranged so that the front edge of the acquisition layer was 10 mm from the front edge of the diffusion layer. The hot sheet adhesive was applied across the side of the topsheet / capture layer laminate facing the diffusion layer to attach the topsheet / capture layer laminate to the top of the diffusion layer and absorbent core. The hot melt adhesive was applied in a helical shape with a basis weight of 5 gsm.

  As described above, since the topsheet of the topsheet / capture layer laminate was in contact with the male roll, the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer laminate in each of Examples 1 and 2 were the backsheet. It protruded toward.

  Each diaper prototype was packed in a bag for one week in a state where the total thickness of the 10 folded diapers was 90 mm. Thereafter, the bag was opened and prior to any measurement, the diaper was placed outside the bag and adjusted at 23 ° C. ± 2 ° C. and relative humidity (RH) 50% ± 10% for at least 24 hours.

Experimental Results Data were measured according to each test method disclosed herein.

該当なし^＊：測定不能の意味

Not applicable ^* : Meaning that measurement is not possible

  Both Comparative Examples 1 and 2 lack a three-dimensional protrusion.

Example 1 vs. Comparative Example 1: Trapping layer is an air-through bonded nonwoven fabric When compared with Comparative Example 1, in Example 1, both the top sheet and the trapping layer were subjected to mechanical deformation at the same time, and the topsheet / capture layer laminate From the viewpoint of the liquid in the topsheet, the moisture content of the topsheet, and the rewet value, without sacrificing the total capture time, while providing a dry effect, a plurality of three-dimensional protrusions (measurement protrusions Part height and measurement protrusion base width). Without being bound by theory, the technical dryness improvement of Example 1 relative to Comparative Example 1 is basically the result of applying mechanical deformation to both the topsheet and the acquisition layer simultaneously. This is due to better and deeper adhesion between the topsheet and the acquisition layer.

Example 2 vs. Comparative Example 2: The acquisition layer is a spunbond nonwoven fabric When compared with Comparative Example 2, in Example 2, both the topsheet and the acquisition layer were mechanically deformed simultaneously, and the topsheet / capture layer laminate By forming a plurality of three-dimensional protrusions (measurement protrusion height and measurement protrusion width) can be introduced while providing the effect of reducing the total capture time. Without being bound by theory, the beneficial effect on acquisition speed is due to the additional cavity volume resulting from the simultaneous mechanical deformation of both the topsheet and the acquisition layer.

  Each of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention includes a plurality of three-dimensional protrusions, but corresponding Comparative Examples 1 and 2 lack a three-dimensional protrusion. Therefore, a topsheet / trapping layer laminate with a three-dimensional protrusion can help improve fluid handling properties in absorbent articles. In addition, the topsheet / capture layer laminate with three-dimensional protrusions can assist the caregiver's perception of the dryness and absorbency of the absorbent article.

Test Methods Unless otherwise indicated, all tests described herein shall be performed using samples conditioned at 23 ° C ± 2 ° C and relative humidity (RH) 50% ± 10% for at least 24 hours. . The density is assumed to be 2.1 kPa.

General sample preparation:
A disk-like sample of the entire topsheet / capture layer laminate was prepared for 20 cm or 0 cm Fixed Height Frit Absorption (FHFA). In this case, the center of the annular sample coincides with the center of the topsheet / capture layer stack. The intersection of the longitudinal axis and the transverse axis in the topsheet / capture layer stack defines the center of the topsheet / capture layer stack.

Wet Burst Test Method As used herein, wet burst strength is a measure for measuring the energy absorption capacity of a fiber structure when it is wet and exposed to deformation against the plane of the fiber structure. is there.

  The wet burst strength of a fiber structure (referred to as “sample” in this test method) is measured using an electronic burst tester and specific test conditions. The average value of four experiments is taken from the obtained results, and the wet burst strength of the fiber structure 55 composed of one single wet laid fiber layer is recorded.

Equipment-Equipment: Use a bursting tester-Thwing-Albert Vantage Burst Tester or an equivalent ball bursting device that moves the ball down during the test. Refer to the manufacturer's operating and setup instructions. The ball diameter is 1.59 cm and the clamp opening diameter is 8.9 cm.
-Calibration weight-Refer to the manufacturer's calibration instructions.
-Adjust the temperature and humidity of the air-conditioning room within the following limits in the laboratory test.
Temperature: 23 ° C ± 1 ° C
Relative humidity: 50% ± 2%
-Paper cutter-600 mm size cutting board-Scissors-100 mm or more-Pan-Width / length / depth of approximately 240 mm x 300 mm x 50 mm, or equivalent-Distilled water at the same temperature as the room temperature of the air conditioning room used

Preparation of Sample The fiber structure 55 may be unwound from a roll.

  The sample to be tested is adjusted in the air-conditioned room for 24 hours immediately before the test. All tests are performed in an air conditioned room.

  The sample is cut so that the length is about 228 mm and the width is about 140 mm.

Operation Set up and calibrate the burst test equipment according to the manufacturer's instructions for using the equipment.

  Grab the narrow edge of the sample and dip the center of the sample into a pan filled with distilled water from the top to about 25 mm. Place the sample in water for 4 seconds (± 0.5 seconds).

  Keep the sample in a vertical position for 3 seconds (± 0.5 seconds) and allow excess water to drain from the sample.

  The test needs to be performed immediately after the drainage process. The sample must not have perforations, tears or defects in the area under test of the sample. If present, restart the test from the beginning.

  A sample is placed between the upper ring and the lower ring of the burst test apparatus. The sample is centered and flattened on the lower ring of the sample holding device so that no sagging occurs in the sample.

  Lower the upper ring of the pneumatic holding device to fix the sample.

  Start the test. The test is terminated when the sample breaks (ruptures), that is, when the load drops 20 g from the peak force. Record the maximum force value.

  The plunger automatically moves back and forth to its original starting position.

  Raise the upper ring to remove and discard the tested sample.

  Repeat this procedure until all replicate samples have been tested.

Calculation Wet burst strength = sum of peak load readings / number of replicate samples tested Record the result of wet burst in grams.

Accelerated compression method 10 samples of the topsheet / capture layer laminate 245 to be tested (referred to herein as test specimens), 11 samples of paper towel samples, 7.6 cm x 7.6 cm (3 inches x 3 inches) square Cut.
2. Using a Thwing-Albert ProGage Thickness Tester or an equivalent testing machine equipped with a circular base with a diameter of 50-60 mm, the thickness of 10 specimens at 2.1 kPa and a rest time of 2 seconds is measured. Record the thickness before compression in units of 0.01 mm.
3. Layers of test specimens to be tested and paper towels are alternately stacked, with paper towels at the beginning and end. The selection of the paper towel is not critical and is provided to prevent “nesting” between the protrusions of the deformed sample. The sample should be stacked so that the edges of the test strip and paper towel are aligned with each other, and the protrusions of the test strip must all be oriented in the same direction.
4). Place the sample stack in an oven at 40 ° C. and place a weight on the stack. The weight must be larger than the base of the thickness tester. In order to reproduce high pressure or low in-bag stack height, 35 kPa (eg 17.5 kg weight for 70 mm × 70 mm area) is applied. In order to reproduce low pressure or high in-bag stack height, apply 7 kPa (eg 3.5 kg weight for 70 mm x 70 mm area).
5. Place the sample in the oven for 15 hours. After the stationary period, the weight is removed from the sample and the sample is removed from the oven.
6). Within 30 minutes after removing the sample from the oven, the post-compression thickness is measured as described in step 2 above, confirming that the sample remains in the same order as when the pre-compression thickness was recorded. The post-compression thickness for each of the 10 test specimens is recorded in units of 0.01 mm.
7). The sample is allowed to stand for 24 hours at 23 ° C. ± 2 ° C. and 50% ± 2% relative humidity with no weight on the sample.
8. After 24 hours, after confirming that the thickness before compression and the thickness after compression remain in the same order, as described in step 2 above, after recovery in each of these 10 specimens Measure the thickness. The post-recovery thickness for each of these 10 test pieces is recorded in units of 0.01 mm. The thickness after compression is subtracted from the thickness after recovery, and the amount of thickness recovery is calculated and recorded in units of 0.01 mm.
9. If necessary, average values can be calculated for the pre-compression thickness, post-compression thickness, and post-recovery thickness of these 10 test pieces.

Protrusion Base Width and Protrusion Height Test Method (1) General Information The measurement protrusion base width and measurement protrusion height of the three-dimensional protrusions in the topsheet / capture layer laminate of the absorbent article are GFMestechnik GmbH ( Measurements are made using a GFM Primos Optical Profiler commercially available from Warthestraβe21, D14513 Telto / Berlin, Germany). Another suitable non-contact surface shape profiler with similar measurement and analysis principles can also be used, where GFM Primos is exemplary.

The GFM Primos Optical Profiler device includes a small optical measurement sensor based on a digital micromirror projection, and includes the following main components.
(A) DMD projector equipped with an 800 × 600 direct digital control type micromirror (b) CCD camera with high resolution (640 × 480 pixels) (c) Projection optical system adapted to a measurement area of at least 30 mm × 40 mm d) Recording optics adapted to a measurement area of at least 30 mm × 40 mm (e) Tripod base based on a small hard stone plate (f) Cold light source (suitable unit is Schott North America, Inc. (Southbridge, MA) KL 1500LCD)
(G) A computer for measurement, control and evaluation for executing the software ODSCAD 6.3

  Turn on the cold light source. The cold light source setting is set to provide a color temperature of at least 2800K.

  Turn on the computer and monitor and open the image acquisition / analysis software. In the Primos Optical Profiler device, select the “Start Measurement” icon from the task bar of ODSCAD 6.3 and then click the “Live Image button”.

  Calibrate the device in the lateral (XY) and vertical (Z) directions using a calibration plate according to the manufacturer's specifications. Such a calibration is performed using a rigid and rigid plate of any matte material having a length of 11 cm, a width of 8 cm, and a height of 1 cm. The plate is 11 cm long, 6.000 mm wide and has a groove or machined channel with a rectangular cross-section that is exactly 2.940 mm deep. This groove is parallel to the length direction of the plate. After calibration, the device must be able to measure the width and depth dimensions of the groove within a range of ± 0.004 mm.

  All tests are performed in an air-conditioned room maintained at 23 ° C. ± 2 ° C. and relative humidity 50% ± 10%. The surface to be measured may be lightly sprayed with a fine white powder spray. Preferably, the spray is NORD-TEST Developer U 89, commercially available from Helling GmbH (Heidgraben, Germany).

(2) Protrusion base width test method Absorbed on a flat surface with the top sheet of the top sheet / capture layer laminate facing upwards, flattened and flattened (ie, stretched flat) The topsheet / capture layer laminate is separated from the absorbent article by attaching the absorbent article. All leg or cuff elastic members are cut so that the absorbent article can be laid flat. Using scissors, make two cuts in the longitudinal direction along all edges of the topsheet / capture layer laminate and through all layers above the absorbent core (ie, core wrap). Cut along the front and rear waist edges of the absorbent article and cut in two lateral directions, passing through the same layer.

  The topsheet / capture layer stack and all other layers above the absorbent core are then removed without disturbing the topsheet / capture layer stack. To facilitate removal of the top layer from the absorbent article, a freeze spray (such as CRC Freeze Spray manufactured by CRC Industries, Inc. (885 Louis Drive, Warminster, PA 18974, USA), or equivalent, Auxiliary materials may be used. The topsheet / capture layer laminate is then separated from all other layers (including any carrier layer (eg, nonwoven carrier layer, tissue layer)) using freeze spray as needed. If a diffusion layer, such as a pulp-containing layer, is attached to the topsheet / capture layer laminate, carefully remove any remaining cellulose fibers using tweezers so that the trapping layer does not change.

  Topsheet / capture layer laminate with three-dimensional protrusions (adjusted at a temperature of 23 ° C. ± 2 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50% ± 10% for at least 24 hours), ie the “test piece” on the side facing the body Place it on a hard, flat horizontal surface, with the topsheet of the topsheet / capture layer laminate facing up. Make sure the specimen is placed in a flat configuration without being stretched and uncovered.

  A nominal external pressure of 1.86 kPa (0.27 psi) is then applied to the specimen. Such nominal external pressure is applied so as not to interfere with the shape profile measurement. Such external pressure is applied using a clear, glossless and flat Plexiglas® at 200 mm × 70 mm, with a suitable thickness (about 5 mm) to obtain a weight of 83 g. With the entire plate resting on the specimen, gently place the plate on top of the specimen so that the center point of the Plexiglas® plate is at least 40 mm away from any fold. The crease corresponds to the portion of the absorbent article (eg, topsheet / capture layer laminate) where the absorbent article was folded during the packaging process.

  Two 50mm x 70mm metal weights, each having a mass of 1200g (thickness of about 43mm), with Plexiglas (registered) so that the 70mm edge of each metal weight is aligned with the 70mm edge of the Plexiglas (R) plate Place gently on the plate. A metal frame with an outer dimension of 70 mm x 80 mm and an inner dimension of 42 mm x 61 mm and a total weight of 142 g (about 6 mm thick) so that the longer side of the frame is aligned with the longer side of the plate Place in the middle of the Plexiglas® plate between the two end weights.

  If the specimen size is less than 70 mm x 200 mm, or if there is no sufficiently large area without folds, or the area of interest is close to the edge of the specimen, the arrangement of Plexiglas and weight described above If not possible to analyze using Plexiglas® plate and mounted metal weight to reach a nominal external pressure of 1.86 kPa (0.27 psi) while maintaining a minimum 30 mm × 40 mm imaging field of view The X-Y dimension may be adjusted. At least 10 complete three-dimensional protrusions on the test piece need to be captured within a 30 mm × 40 mm imaging field.

  The projection head is placed at right angles to the specimen surface (ie, the topsheet / capture layer laminate topsheet).

  Adjust the distance between the specimen and the projector head to obtain the best focus.

  In the Primos Optical Profiler device, press the “Pattern” button to reveal a red cross on the screen and a black cross on the specimen.

  Adjust the focus control until the black crosshairs are aligned with the red crosshairs on the screen.

  Adjust the brightness of the image and then capture it as a digital image.

  In the Primos Optical Profiler device, the lens aperture is changed through an opening in the side of the projector head and / or the “gain” setting on the camera screen is changed.

  When the illuminance is optimal, the red circle at the bottom of the screen labeled “I.O.” turns green.

  Click the “Measure” button.

  The top surface shape of the topsheet / capture layer laminate specimen is measured over the Plexiglas plate over the entire 30 mm × 40 mm imaging field. In order to avoid blurring of the captured image, it is important to keep the test piece stationary during this measurement. Images should be captured within 30 seconds after placing the Plexiglas plate, metal weight and frame on top of the specimen.

  After the image is captured, the XYZ coordinates of all the pixels in the imaging field area of 30 mm × 40 mm are recorded. The X direction is parallel to the longer side of the rectangular imaging field, and the Y direction is parallel to the shorter side of the rectangular imaging field. The Z direction is a direction perpendicular to the XY plane. The XY plane is horizontal, but the Z direction is vertical, that is, orthogonal to the XY plane.

  These data are smoothed and filtered using a polynomial filter (n = 6), a median filter of 11 pixels × 11 pixels, and a structural filter of 81 pixels × 81 pixels. The polynomial filter (n = 6) approximates the XYZ coordinate plane using a sixth-order polynomial and returns a difference to the approximate polynomial. The median filter of 11 pixels × 11 pixels divides the imaging field (30 mm × 40 mm) into XY squares of 11 pixels × 11 pixels. The Z coordinate of a pixel located at the center of an arbitrary 11 × 11 pixel square is replaced by the average value of Z of all the pixels of the arbitrary square. The 81 pixel by 81 pixel structure filter removes the structure waviness and translates all Z peak values belonging to the lower surface of the Plexiglas plate to the top XY plane.

  The reference plane is then defined as the XY plane that cuts out the surface shape profile of the entire imaging field (ie, 30 mm × 40 mm), which is 100 micrometers below this top XY plane. In the Primos Optical Profiler apparatus, click the “Evaluate” button to measure the sample area of the reference plane (Z = −0.1 mm). Then, a prefiltering routine including a polynomial filter (n = 6), an 11 × 11 median filter, and a structural filter (n = 81) is applied using a “Filter” function. Save the image as a file with the extension “.omc” on your computer.

  Then, with the garment facing side up (i.e. with the topsheet / capture layer laminate acquisition layer up), in the exact same XY position of the topsheet / capture layer laminate, 30 mm x 40 mm With the imaging field of view defined, the same procedure described above is performed on the topsheet / capture layer stack.

  A blank area of the reference plane can be defined as a reference plane area above the surface profile. There is one or more blank areas with a boundary line that are strictly located inside the imaging field area (ie, 30 mm × 40 mm) without intersecting or overlapping the boundary line of the imaging field area (ie, 40 mm × 30 mm) Defined as multiple isolated empty areas. The measured protrusion base width in an isolated blank area is defined as the diameter of the largest circle that can be inscribed in any isolated blank area. This circle should overlap only with the isolated blank area.

  This can be done in the Primos Optical Profiler device by clicking “Draw circle” and drawing the largest inscribed circle that can be inscribed in the selected isolated blank area. You can measure the diameter of the circle by clicking “Show sectional picture”, clicking the end of the profile image profile, and then clicking “Horizontal distance”. Thus, the protrusion base width is obtained.

  From both the acquired image and the digitized image, measure the protrusion base width in all isolated blank areas. The measured protrusion base width is then calculated as the arithmetic average of the six maximum protrusion base widths.

(3) Protrusion Height Test Method Separate the topsheet / capture layer laminate from the absorbent article as described above in the Protrusion Base Width Test Method.

  Then, the test piece of the topsheet / capture layer laminate with the three-dimensional protrusion is placed with the body facing side up (ie, topsheet / Condition and scan under pressure of 1.86 kPa (0.27 psi) with the top layer of the acquisition layer stack on top.

  After the image is captured, the XYZ coordinates of all pixels in the 40 mm × 30 mm imaging field of view are recorded, and correction / filtering is performed as described above in the protrusion base width test method. A reference plane is also defined, as described above in the protrusion base width test method.

  In the Primos Optical Profiler apparatus, click the “Evaluate” button to measure the sample area of the reference plane (Z = −0.1 mm). Then, a prefiltering routine including a polynomial filter (n = 6), an 11 × 11 median filter, and a structural filter (n = 81) is applied using a “Filter” function. Save the image as a file with the extension “.omc” on your computer.

  Then, with the garment facing side up (i.e. with the topsheet / capture layer laminate acquisition layer up), in the exact same XY position of the topsheet / capture layer laminate, 30 mm x 40 mm An imaging field of view is defined and the same procedure described above in the protrusion base width test method is performed on the topsheet / capture layer stack.

  A blank area of the reference plane can be defined as a reference plane area above the surface profile. There is one or more blank areas with a boundary line that are strictly located inside the imaging field area (ie, 30 mm × 40 mm) without intersecting or overlapping the boundary line of the imaging field area (ie, 40 mm × 30 mm) Defined as multiple isolated blank areas. The protrusion height for the isolated blank area is the minimum Z value of the points in the surface profile of the topsheet / capture layer stack having the XY coordinates located in this isolated blank area and the top X- It is defined as the distance between the Z value in the Y plane.

  Click “Draw N parallel lines” and pass through the center point of the isolated blank area and extend outside the border of the isolated blank area, parallel to the X axis of the imaged field Draw the first line segment (the direction of the longest dimension). The center of the isolated blank area is parallel to the Y axis of the imaging field and corresponds to the middle of the line segment connecting the maximum value and the minimum value of Y in the isolated blank area. Then enter the “number” of lines to be drawn and set the “distance” between the lines to 0.05 mm. A sufficient number of lines must be drawn to cover the entire isolated blank area. Set the average parameter to 0 and then click “OK”. Then click “Show sectional picture”. Click on a point in the cross-sectional image profile with the smallest Z value and click on “Vertical distance” to get the protrusion height.

  From both the acquired image and the digitized image, measure the protrusion height in all isolated blank areas. Then, the measurement protrusion height is calculated as the arithmetic average of the six maximum protrusion heights.

Planar capture test method This test method measures the capture time of baby diapers. The test method setting depends on the size of the diaper to be tested. Table 1 shows commonly used diaper size notations as a reference.

Apparatus A test apparatus 1400 shown in FIG. 17 includes a trough 1411 made of polycarbonate (for example, Lexan®) having a nominal thickness of 12.5 mm (0.5 inch). The trough 1411 includes a straight horizontal bottom base 1412 that is 508 mm (20.0 inches) long and 152 mm (6.0 inches) wide. Two straight vertical side portions 1413 having a height of 64 mm (2.5 inches) × a length of 508 mm (20 inches) are fixed to the long side portion of the base portion 1412, and the length is 508 mm (20.0 inches), and the inner width. A U-shaped trough 1411 is formed having 152 mm (6.0 inches) and an internal depth of 51 mm (2.0 inches). The front end and the rear end of the trough 1411 are not enclosed.

A slab of open cell polyurethane foam 1414 with dimensions of 508 mm x 152 mm x 25 mm is wrapped with polyethylene film, the edges of the foam 1414 and trough 1411 fit together, the top surface of the polyethylene film is smooth, and there are seams, wrinkles or defects It was arranged at the bottom of the trough 1411 with no such state. The polyurethane foam 1414 has a compressive hardness at CV ₄₀ of 40% compression, measured according to DIN EN ISO 3386, of 2.4 kPa ± 0.4 kPa, and a density of 16 kg / m measured according to DIN EN ISO 845. ³ ± 2 kg / m ³ . Foams wrapped with film are described in, for example, Crossroads Machine Inc. (Englewood Ohio 45322, USA) can be purchased as "FOAM BASE FOR LIQUID ACQUISITION TEST" or an equivalent foam wrapped in a film may be used. Pull across the width of the top surface of the polyethylene cover, parallel to the lateral centerline, 121 mm (6.0 inches) from one end (front edge) using a marker that does not disappear, but takes The length of the reference line needs to be adjusted according to the size described in Table 1.

  The linear polycarbonate top plate 1415 has a nominal thickness of 12.5 mm (0.5 inches), a nominal length of 508 mm (20.0 inches), and a nominal width of 146 mm (5.75 inches). A hole having a diameter of 51 mm (2.0 inches) is formed in the center of the top plate 1415 (that is, the center of the hole is located at the intersection of the longitudinal axis and the lateral axis of the top surface of the top plate 1415). . The bottom edge of the cylinder 1416 is flush with the bottom surface of the top plate 1415, the cylinder 1416 protrudes 89 mm (3.5 inches) vertically above the top surface of the top plate 1415, and the cylinder 1416 and the top plate 1415 The top of a polycarbonate cylinder 1416 with an outer diameter of 51 mm (2.0 inches), an inner diameter of 37.5 mm (1.5 inches), and a height of 102 mm (4.0 inches), with a seam between the top and bottom. Adhere into the holes in the plate 1415. An annular recess 1417 having a height of 2 mm (0.08 inches) and a diameter of 44.5 mm (1.75 inches) is machined into the bottom inner edge of the cylinder 1416. A nylon wire mesh (the gap between the nylon mesh is 1.5 mm and the diameter of the nylon wire is 0.5 mm) is bonded to the recess 1417. A mesh is prepared by cutting a 44.5 mm diameter circle and making 5 mm diameter cuts on opposite sides (ie, 180 degrees apart). Two 1 mm diameter holes are drilled at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the top surface of the top plate 1415, these holes intersect the inner surface of the cylinder 1416 directly above the recess 1417 and on both sides of the cylinder 1416 facing each other. Be present (ie 180 degrees apart). Two stainless steel wires 1418 with a diameter of 1 mm are made to be impermeable to water with one end flush with the inner wall of the cylinder and the other end protruding from the top surface of the top plate 1415. And glue it to the hole. Hereinafter, these wires are referred to as electrodes. A reference line is engraved across the width direction of the top plate 1415 at a specific length away from the front edge parallel to the horizontal center line. As shown in Table 2 below, the length varies by size. For example, the length for size 4 is 121 mm. The top plate 1415 / cylinder 1416 assembly has a weight of about 1180 grams.

  It also requires two steel weights, each weighing 4.5 kg, measuring 146 mm (5.75 inches) wide, 38 mm (1.5 inches) deep, and about 100 mm (4 inches) high.

Procedure All tests are performed at 23 ° C. ± 2 ° C. and relative humidity 50% ± 10%.

  A polycarbonate trough 1411 containing the wrapped foam plank 1414 is placed on a suitable flat horizontal surface. Remove the disposable absorbent article from the packaging and cut the cuff elastic members at appropriate intervals so that the product can be laid flat. On a suitable top balance, weigh the product to within ± 0.1 grams, then align the waist front edge of the product with the fiducial mark on the polyethylene cover and cover the foam in the capture device Place on plank 1414. Center the product along the longitudinal centerline of the device with the topsheet (body side) of the product facing up and the waist trailing edge toward the rear edge of the foam plank 1414. Place the top plate 1415 on the product with the protruding cylinder facing up. The engraved reference line is aligned with the waist front edge of the product, and the rear end of the top plate 1415 is aligned with the rear edge of the foam slab 1414. Then, two 4.5 kg weights, each having a width parallel to the lateral centerline of the top plate, each weight being 83 mm (3.25) from the leading or trailing edge of the top plate 1415. Gently place it on the top plate 1415 so that it is in inches. Mark the point at the center of the cylinder on the top sheet of the product as the absorption point of the article.

  A suitable electrical circuit is connected to the two electrodes and the presence of a conductive fluid between these electrodes is detected.

  A suitable pump, such as Model 7520-00, supplied by Cole Palm Instruments (Chicago, USA), or an equivalent device, is used with a flexible plastic tube with an internal diameter of 4.8 mm (3/16 inch), such as Tygon ( Set up to release 0.9 wt% aqueous sodium chloride solution through R-3603. The distal end of the tube is centered within the cylinder 1416 attached to the top plate 1415 with the discharge end of the tube facing down and 50 mm (2 inches) below the upper edge of the cylinder 1416. Fix the part vertically. The pump is operated using a timer and pre-calibrated to eject 75.0 mL of 0.9% saline solution at a rate of 15 mL / second (if size 4 or equivalent). The volume and speed applied by size are listed in Table 1 above.

  The size 4 case is illustrated below, but the other sizes differ only in that they are replaced by the length of the reference line, the ejection volume, and the ejection speed for each specific size described in Table 1. . Activate the pump and start the timer immediately after activation. 75 mL of 0.9% NaCl solution is delivered to cylinder 1416 using a pump at a rate of 15 mL / sec and then the pump is stopped. Typically, when a test fluid is introduced into the cylinder 1416, the fluid accumulates to some extent on the absorbent structure. This fluid connects the electrical circuit between the two electrodes in the cylinder. After the squirt is delivered, the solution meniscus decreases as fluid is absorbed into the structure. The time is recorded when the electrical circuit is interrupted by the absence of fluid that moves freely between the electrodes.

  The capture time for a particular jet is the period between when the pump starts operating for that jet and when the electrical circuit is shut off.

  In this way, four jets are delivered to the product, with each jet delivering 75 mL at a rate of 15 mL / sec. The period between the completion of a particular ejection, i.e. after the liquid has been captured, between when the electrical circuit is interrupted and the start of the next ejection is 300 seconds.

  Record the capture time for 4 jets in 1.0 second increments. For each case, 8 products are tested in this way and the average squirt time is calculated for each corresponding squirt (from 1st to 4th).

  Use a new foam base 1414 for each test, or leave the foam base for at least 24 hours before using it again.

  The total trapping time is the sum of the trapping time of jet 1, the trapping time of jet 2, the trapping time of jet 3, and the trapping time of jet 4. Total acquisition time is expressed in seconds.

Topsheet liquid test method Objective The topsheet liquid test method is to measure the liquid retained in the topsheet, ie, to measure the dryness of the topsheet. To determine the amount of residual fluid in the topsheet, i.e., the liquid in the topsheet, the weight of the topsheet sample in the wet state (i.e., the sample after being removed from the diaper test sample and separated from the capture layer); The purpose is to measure the weight of the topsheet sample dried in an oven at 60 ° C. for at least 16 hours.

Experimental preparation-Mark the absorption point of the diaper as described in the plane capture method above.
-Remove the diaper from the apparatus used for the planar capture test.
-On the diaper, using an ink pen that does not disappear when the top sheet is facing the operator, and a plexiglass template (width 55 mm in the cross direction, length 120 mm in the machine direction, thickness 1 mm to 5 mm), A rectangle is marked on the top sheet symmetrically about the absorption point (in the cross machine direction and the center in the machine direction).
-Perform the planar capture test method described above.
-Remove the cover plate and weight after at least 10 minutes (but not more than 11 minutes) have elapsed since the last squirt in the above capture test was absorbed.
-Carefully place the diaper test sample on the laboratory bench.

Preparation of wet topsheet sample and measurement of liquid in topsheet The topsheet / capture layer stack is then cut along a rectangle marked with a scalpel.

  Carefully separate the wet topsheet in the topsheet / capture layer laminate from the underlying capture layer while touching the topsheet only with tweezers to the minimum necessary. If necessary, freeze-off spray can be removed more easily without tearing the topsheet. The wet topsheet sample has dimensions of 55 mm width and 120 mm length.

  Place the wet topsheet sample in a tarred petri dish.

  Then, the wet topsheet sample is weighed to the nearest 0.001 g, which is the wet topsheet sample weight.

  The wet topsheet sample contained in a petri dish is placed in an oven at 60 ° C. for at least 16 hours.

  Then remove the Petri dish with the topsheet sample from the oven and allow it to cool to the conditioned environment in the test room for at least 10 minutes.

  Place the dried topsheet sample in a tarred petri dish. Weigh the dry topsheet sample with a balance and record to the nearest 0.001 g.

  The liquid in the topsheet is then calculated as the difference between the wet topsheet sample and the dry topsheet sample.

  According to this procedure, four samples are tested for each type of absorbent article, and the average value of the liquid in the topsheet is calculated.

  The water content of the top sheet is calculated as the ratio between the liquid in the top sheet and the weight of the top sheet in the dry state. According to this procedure, four samples are tested for each type of absorbent article, and the average topsheet moisture content is calculated.

Post-Capture Collagen Rewetting Test Method This test method has a height-fixed frit absorption (FHFA-0 cm) of 0.48 g / g to 0.66 g / g and 0.15 g / g when measured according to the method described below. Requires a collagen film with FHFA-20 cm of g to 0.21 g / g. Collagen film further has a basis weight of ^{31.5g / m 2 ± 3.5g / m} 2. The collagen film can be purchased from Viscofan Group (31192 Tajonar-Navarra, Spain) under the trademark of Natural COFFI clear, or it can be an equivalent material having the properties and basis weights described above.

  Prior to conducting the test, the intact collagen film is cut into a circular sheet 90 mm (3.54 inches) in diameter using, for example, a sample cutter instrument and kept in the conditioned environment of the test room for at least 12 hours (planar Prepare by equilibrating the film (see Tweezers for all handling of collagen film).

  After at least 5 minutes (but not more than 6 minutes) have elapsed since the last jet conducted in the plane capture test method was absorbed, the cover plate and weight were removed, and the test sample was removed from the laboratory work. Place carefully on the table.

  The four collagen material sheets (510) that have been pre-cut and equilibrated are weighed with an accuracy of at least 1 milligram and then placed on the center at the absorption point of the article as defined by the planar capture test method. And a plate (530) made of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (eg, Perspex®) having a diameter of 90 mm (3.54 inches) and a thickness of about 20 mm (0.78 inches). Carefully add a 15 kg weight (550) (also centered as well). After 30 seconds ± 2 seconds have elapsed, the weight and the Perspex® plate are carefully removed again and the collagen film is reweighed (see system 500 in FIG. 18).

  The result of rewet is the amount of water that the collagen film has wicked and is expressed in mg. For each case, 4 products are tested in this way and the average rewet is calculated.

Fixed height frit absorption (FHFA) test method at 20 cm and 0 cm This test method is used under the conditions of suction pressure of a 20 cm or 0 cm fluid, for example, a saline solution (0.9 wt% NaCl solution). Suitable for measuring wicking after 30 seconds by material.

Overview of Device Configuration FIG. 19 illustrates an instrument configuration 400 for FHFA measurement, but a suitable fluid delivery reservoir 421 has an airtight stopcock 424 that allows air to be released during device filling. An open glass tube 422 with an inner diameter of 10 mm extends through a port 425 at the top of the reservoir with a hermetic seal between the outside of the tube and the reservoir so that the experiment can be performed regardless of the amount of liquid in the reservoir. During this time, the hydrostatic head can be maintained at the required zero level. The reservoir 421 has an inlet at the bottom of the reservoir, a stopcock 423, and a discharge tube connected to the bottom 432 of the sample holder funnel 427 via a flexible plastic tube 426 (eg, Tygon®). 431. A standard lab clamp 413 and a suitable lab support apparatus 412 are used to hold the fluid reservoir firmly in place. The delivery tube 431, stopcock 423, and flexible plastic tube 426 have internal diameters that deliver fluid to the sample holder funnel 427 at a sufficiently high flow rate such that the collagen sample absorbs the flow rate at the experimental conditions. This eliminates the situation where the suction flow measurement is limited by the fluid flow rate that the instrument system provides. The reservoir 421 has a capacity of about 1 liter. Other delivery systems may be employed as long as it is possible to deliver fluid to the sample holder funnel 427 while maintaining a zero level fluid hydrostatic pressure 403 at a constant height throughout the experiment.

  The sample holder funnel 427 includes a bottom connector having an inner diameter of 10 mm and a measurement, and a chamber 433 that houses a glass frit 428. The sample holder chamber has a suitable size to accommodate the sample 430 and confining pressure weight 429. The frit is stretched on the wall portion of the chamber 433. The glass frit has pores of a specific size in the range of 16 μm to 40 μm (glass frit type P40 as defined in ISO 4793) and a thickness of 7 mm.

  The restraining pressure weight 429 is a cylinder having the same diameter as the sample size (6 cm) and a weight of 593.94 g so as to apply a limited pressure of exactly 2.06 kPa to the sample 430. The sample holder funnel 427 is accurately held in place with a standard lab clamp 414 using a suitable lab support 411. The top of the glass frit 428 is positioned at (a) the same height (± 1 mm) as the bottom end 404 of the open glass tube 422, and (b) 20 cm more precisely than the height of the bottom end 404 of the open glass tube 422. The vertical alignment of the sample holder funnel 427 should be easily performed by clamping so that it can be placed at an upper height (± 1 mm). Alternatively, two separate clamps are arranged at each of the positions of the above configurations (a) and (b), and the sample holder funnel is alternately moved from one to the other. To ensure proper wetting of the glass frit 428 that should be completely below the liquid level when not in use, the sample holder funnel 427 is submerged with excess liquid to keep the device in proper operation. The sample holder funnel 427 is further covered with an airtight lid (not shown) to prevent the solution from evaporating and thereby changing the salt concentration of the solution. The stop cocks 423 and 424 are also appropriately closed during storage to prevent evaporation, and similarly, the opening tube 422 is hermetically sealed with a lid (not shown).

Sample preparation During sample preparation, the sample is contacted only with tweezers. Any suitable die cutter is used to cut a 6 cm diameter disc from the collagen material. The sample is then stored in a sealed container, such as a petri dish with a lid, and conditioned for at least 24 hours in a controlled laboratory environment.

Materials used 0.9% by weight physiological saline solution FHFA device (explained above)
Bubble level chemical balance with windshield with resolution of ± 0.001g Funnel Tweezers Timer

Preparation for the experiment Before the start of the experiment:
(1) Remove the lids of the open tube 422 and the sample holder funnel 427, respectively.
(2) During the refill phase, make sure that the stopcock 423 is closed and the stopcock 424 is open so that the air can be replaced with liquid and flow out of the liquid reservoir. Using a suitable means (not shown) such as funnel, 0.9% physiological saline solution is replenished to the liquid reservoir 421 through the upper end of the opening tube 422, and when the filling is completed, the stopcock 424 is closed. .
During all experiments, if the liquid level approaches the bottom end 404 of the open tube 422 before testing the next sample, this second step must be repeated to refill the liquid reservoir.
(3) Remove the sample holder funnel 427 from the lab clamp 414 and remove excess liquid by flowing it.
(4) The sample holder funnel 427 is manually fixed so that the top of the glass frit 428 is located at a position approximately 20 cm below the bottom end 404 of the opening tube 422, and the air and liquid in the opening tube 422 are fixed. The stopcock 423 is carefully opened until the boundary surface reaches the bottom end 404 and some air bubbles leak from the tube 422. At this point, the stopcock 423 is closed.
(5) Excess liquid present in the sample holder funnel 427 is removed again, and the system is ready to start measurement.

The implementation of 20 cm fixed height frit absorption (FHFA) measurements on each replicate sample is as follows.
(1) The sample holder is placed on the clamp 414 so that the top of the glass frit 428 is placed exactly 20 cm (± 1 mm) above the bottom end 404 of the opening tube 422. To ensure a reliable measurement, use a bubble level to ensure that the glass frit 428 is completely horizontal.
(2) Carefully remove the droplets remaining on top of the glass frit using filter paper of any other suitable material.
(3) Using a chemical balance, weigh the sample with a resolution of ± 0.001 g. When the balance reading is constant, record the weight in 0.001 g units as the dry sample weight (W _D ).
(4) Using tweezers, carefully align the four collagen materials on each other. This stack of four collagens is essentially called a “sample”. With particular care not to change the direction and relative position of each layer in the capture mechanism, the tweezers are used to place the sample 430 in the center of the sample holder.
(5) The restraining pressure weight 429 is arranged at the center on the sample.
(6) Open the stopcock 423 for 30 seconds ± 1 second, let the liquid flow into the sample, and then close it again.
(7) Carefully remove the restraining pressure weight 429 and the sample 430 from the glass frit 428 using tweezers.
(8) Using a chemical balance, weigh the sample 430 with a resolution of ± 0.001 g. When the balance reading is constant, a weight of 0.001 g is recorded as the sample weight (W ₂₀ ) of ₂₀ cm.

  The sample measurement is now complete and the above process can be repeated to measure subsequent repeated samples. Once the series of experiments is complete, approximately 1 cm of liquid is added to the sample holder funnel 427 to completely submerge the glass frit 428. In order to prevent evaporation and ensure the reliability of subsequent measurements, all stopcocks are closed and all lids are placed according to the storage conditions described above.

Calculation:
FHFA at ₂₀ cm (FHFA ₂₀ ) has the following formula:
Defined by _{FHFA 20 = (W 20 -W D} ) / W D, the unit is g / g.

The implementation of 0 cm fixed height frit absorption (FHFA) in each replicate sample is as follows.
(1) The sample holder is placed on the clamp 414 so that the top of the glass frit 428 is placed exactly 0 cm (± 1 mm) above the bottom end 404 of the opening tube 422. To ensure a reliable measurement, use a bubble level to ensure that the glass frit 428 is completely horizontal.
(2) Carefully remove the droplets remaining on top of the glass frit using filter paper of any other suitable material.
(3) Using a chemical balance, weigh the sample with a resolution of ± 0.001 g. When the balance reading is constant, record the weight in 0.001 g units as the dry sample weight (W _D ).
(4) Using tweezers, carefully align the four collagen materials on each other. This stack of four collagens is essentially called a “sample”. With particular care not to change the direction and relative position of each layer in the capture mechanism, the tweezers are used to place the sample 430 in the center of the sample holder. During the experiment, the side facing the top sheet in each layer faces down, which is the direction of the glass frit 428, and it is important to accurately reproduce the direction of the inlet through which the liquid flows.
(5) The restraining pressure weight 429 is arranged at the center on the sample.
(6) Open the stopcock 423 for 30 seconds ± 1 second, let the liquid flow into the sample, and then close it again.
(7) Carefully remove the restraining pressure weight 429 and the sample 430 from the glass frit 428 using tweezers.
(8) Using a chemical balance, weigh the sample 430 with a resolution of ± 0.001 g. When the balance reading is constant, the weight of 0.001 g is recorded as the sample weight (W ₀ ) of ₀ cm.

  The sample measurement is now complete and the above process can be repeated to measure subsequent repeated samples. Once the series of experiments is complete, approximately 1 cm of liquid is added to the sample holder funnel 427 to completely submerge the glass frit 428. In order to prevent evaporation and ensure the reliability of subsequent measurements, all stopcocks are closed and all lids are placed according to the storage conditions described above.

Calculation:
FHFA at ₀ cm (FHFA ₀ ) is expressed by the following formula:
Defined by _{FHFA 0 = (W 0 -W D} ) / W D, the unit is g / g.

  The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Rather, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm”.

  All references cited herein, including any cross-references or related patents or related applications, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety, unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. Citation of any document is not an admission that the document is prior art to all inventions disclosed or claimed in this application, and that document is independent of any other reference. No reference is made to any reference to, teaching, suggesting, or disclosing any such invention in any combination. In addition, if any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with the meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition given to that term in this document takes precedence. Shall.

  While specific embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, all such changes and modifications included within the scope of this invention are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims (16)

An absorbent article for personal hygiene,
The absorbent article comprises a longitudinal axis, a transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, a liquid permeable topsheet, a capture layer, a liquid impermeable backsheet, and an absorbent core. The absorbent core is disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet;
The absorbent core comprises an absorbent material;
The width of the acquisition layer in a direction parallel to the transverse axis is less than the width of the topsheet in a direction parallel to the transverse axis;
A topsheet / capture layer stack includes the liquid permeable topsheet and the trapping layer facing each other, the topsheet / capture layer stack extending from a plane of the topsheet / capture layer stack With
The three-dimensional protrusion is formed from the fibers of the topsheet and the acquisition layer, and most of the three-dimensional protrusions are respectively a base that forms an opening, a distal portion located on the opposite side, and One or more sidewalls between the base and the distal portion of the majority of the three-dimensional protrusion, the base, the distal portion, and the one or more sidewalls comprising the majority The three-dimensional protrusion of the fiber is formed of fibers so that it has an opening only at the base,
The topsheet / capture layer laminate has a topsheet liquid value of less than 220 mg according to a topsheet liquid method,
The absorbent article is for personal hygiene and has a total acquisition time of less than 400 seconds according to the planar acquisition test method.   The absorbent article according to claim 1, wherein a length of the acquisition layer in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis is equal to or less than a length of the top sheet in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis.   The absorbent article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid-permeable top sheet and the acquisition layer are in close contact with each other.   4. Absorption according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the absorbent material comprises at least 80% and at most substantially 100% superabsorbent polymer, based on the total weight of the absorbent material. Sex goods.   The absorbent core includes a core wrap enclosing the absorbent material, the core wrap including an upper side facing the topsheet / capture layer laminate and a lower side facing the backsheet, the absorbent core Includes one or more regions substantially free of absorbent material through which the portion of the upper side of the core wrap passes through one or more regions. The absorbent article as described in any one of Claims 1-4 attached to a part of this lower part side of this core wrap with a core wrap coupling | bond part.   The three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer laminate generally protrudes toward the backsheet or generally protrudes toward the wearer's body when the absorbent article is in use. The absorbent article as described in any one of 1-5.   Any of the Claims 1-6 provided with the diffusion layer containing the dry laid fiber structure and / or the wet laid fiber structure arrange | positioned between the said topsheet / acquisition layer laminated body and the said absorptive core. An absorbent article according to any one of the above.   The absorbent article according to claim 7, further comprising a carrier layer, wherein the carrier layer is disposed between the topsheet / capture layer laminate and the dry laid fiber structure.   The absorbent article according to claim 7, further comprising a carrier layer, wherein the carrier layer is disposed between the dry laid fiber structure and the absorbent core.   The absorbent article is conceptually divided into a front region, a rear region, and a crotch region located between the front region and the rear region, the front region, the rear region, and the Each of the crotch regions is one third of the length of the absorbent article in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis, and the acquisition layer of the topsheet / capture layer laminate is the front side In the region and at least partially in the crotch region, or the capture layer of the topsheet / capture layer laminate is in the back region and at least partially in the crotch region. The absorptive article according to any one of claims 1 to 9 arranged in a field.   The topsheet and the capturing layer of the topsheet / capturing layer laminate are configured such that the three-dimensional protruding portion of the topsheet and the three-dimensional protruding portion of the capturing layer are aligned with each other and fitted together. The absorbent article as described in any one of Claims 1-10 which mutually nests.   One of the topsheet or acquisition layer of the topsheet / capture layer stack is interrupted in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer stack and the corresponding uninterrupted top The absorbent article according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the three-dimensional protruding part of the sheet or the capturing layer penetrates the interrupting part of the top sheet or the capturing layer.   One of the topsheet or acquisition layer of the topsheet / capture layer stack includes one or more interruptions in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer stack, corresponding The other uninterrupted topsheet or the three-dimensional protrusion of the acquisition layer is at least partially mated with the three-dimensional protrusion of the interrupted topsheet or the acquisition layer. The absorbent article as described in any one of Claims 1-12.   The topsheet and acquisition layer of the topsheet / capture layer stack includes one or more interruptions in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer stack, and the tertiary of the topsheet The original protrusions coincide with and fit with the three-dimensional protrusions of the acquisition layer, and the interruptions in the topsheet in the region of the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer stack The absorbent article according to any one of claims 1 to 13, which does not coincide with the interruption portion in the acquisition layer in the region of the three-dimensional protrusion of the topsheet / capture layer laminate.   15. The absorbent article according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the topsheet / trapping layer laminate has a rewet value of less than 220 mg according to a rewet method. The majority of the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer stack have a measurement protrusion height of at least 0.5 mm, according to a protrusion height method;
The majority of the three-dimensional protrusions of the topsheet / capture layer stack have a measured protrusion base width of the three-dimensional protrusion of at least 0.5 mm according to a protrusion base width test method. The absorbent article as described in any one of 1-15.

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