JP2017506322A - Method and apparatus for storing heat in a stratified temperature accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

Proposed here is a method and apparatus for storing heat in a stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3), where the working fluid (4) of the heat pump (6) is introduced in gaseous form at least one. At the point (8), it is introduced into the liquid heat medium (10) of the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3) and brought into direct material contact with the heat medium (10). The pressure in the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3) is equal to or higher than the condensation pressure of the working fluid (4) at the introduction point (8).

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for storing heat in a stratified temperature accumulator.

  A stratified temperature accumulator makes it possible to decouple the formation of energy from its use in time. In particular, for variable energy sources such as renewable energy, such temporal disconnection ensures the supply of energy, in particular electrical energy. A stratified temperature accumulator can be connected to a heat pump, which receives electrical energy and pumps thermal energy (heat) from a cold storage tank to a high temperature storage tank or stratified temperature accumulator. Thus, by using a stratified temperature accumulator connected to a heat pump, the formation of thermal energy and its release to the heat consuming device can be separated in time, for example, the load peak of energy demand. Therefore, the reliability of supply is improved as a whole.

  Generally, heat is stored in a stratified temperature accumulator using a heat pump. Here, heat is transferred to the stratified temperature accumulator through the wall of the heat exchanger. In order to ensure heat transfer from the heat pump to the stratified temperature accumulator, a predetermined temperature difference is required as a driving force for this heat transfer. At the same time, this temperature difference limits the temperature level of heat that can be extracted from the stratified accumulator, ie its value of use. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide an installation space for the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger, but this installation space cannot be used for storing thermal energy.

  A stratified temperature accumulator with a heat exchanger having a heat exchanging surface is stored heat by a heat pump, where the heat pump working fluid receives heat at a low temperature level on the primary side and the secondary side The heat of the working fluid is transferred to the heat medium of the stratified temperature accumulator (secondary side) at a higher temperature level in the heat exchanger.

  Known from the prior art is to direct the heat medium of the stratified temperature accumulator to the secondary side through a condenser that is thermally coupled to a heat pump to receive heat. Further known from the prior art is to direct the working fluid of the heat pump through the condenser to the secondary side, where the condenser is provided in the stratified temperature accumulator, It is in thermal contact with the heat storage medium of the temperature accumulator. In other words, heat is always transferred from the heat pump to the stratified temperature accumulator through a condenser that condenses the working fluid of the heat pump, which in the first case is the stratified temperature accumulator. Outside, in the second case, it is inside and is always in thermal contact with the heating medium of the stratified temperature accumulator.

  In order to efficiently transfer heat from the working fluid to the heat medium, the prior art condenser has a heat exchange surface with a large spatial size, which in the first place is a large installation space. Secondly, the profitability of the stratified temperature accumulator is lowered due to the high investment cost.

  The problem underlying the present invention is therefore to improve the storage of thermal energy in the stratified temperature accumulator.

  This problem is solved by a method having the characteristic configuration according to independent claim 1 and a device having the characteristic configuration according to independent claim 15. The dependent claims contain advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention.

  In the method of storing heat in the stratified temperature accumulator according to the present invention, the working fluid of the heat pump is introduced into the liquid heat medium of the stratified temperature accumulator in the gaseous state at least at one introduction location and directly with the heat medium. Contact materially. Here, the pressure in the stratified temperature accumulator is not less than the condensing pressure of the working fluid at the introduction site.

  In the present invention, the working fluid of the heat pump is directly introduced into the liquid heat medium of the stratified temperature accumulator in a gaseous state, and thereby direct material contact is made between the heat medium and the working fluid. In the present invention, the gaseous working fluid is condensed by this direct material contact. This is because the pressure in the stratified temperature accumulator exceeds the condensing pressure of the working fluid at the point where the gaseous working fluid is introduced or in the partial region of the stratified temperature accumulator where the gaseous working fluid is introduced. This is the case. Here, the condensing pressure of the working fluid depends on the temperature of the introduction site and is set corresponding to this temperature. The condensation pressure is a pressure at which the gaseous working fluid of the heat pump shifts from a gas state to a liquid state, and is a pressure at a temperature at a working fluid introduction site in the stratified accumulator. In other words, the condensation point of the gaseous working fluid is reached at the introduction site or in a partial region of the stratified temperature accumulator.

  The gaseous working fluid and the liquid heat medium of the stratified temperature accumulator are opened in the process of condensing the working fluid by direct material contact and thereby condensing the working fluid. The condensation heat is directly transferred to the heat medium of the stratified temperature accumulator. Thus, in the present invention, additional condensers, heat exchangers and / or heat exchange surfaces are omitted. According to the invention, the loss of heat energy in and / or in these components can be avoided by eliminating the condenser, heat exchanger and / or heat exchange surface, This increases the efficiency of the stratified temperature accumulator.

  Another advantage of the direct material contact between the gaseous working fluid and the stratified temperature accumulator liquid heat medium in accordance with the present invention is that the working fluid and heat medium can be used to efficiently transfer heat. That is, a large temperature difference is not necessary. When storing heat in a stratified temperature accumulator using a heat pump with a compressor, this can advantageously reduce the outlet pressure in the compressor, thereby reducing the electrical energy consumption of the heat pump.

  An apparatus according to the present invention for storing heat in a stratified temperature accumulator has a stratified temperature accumulator with a liquid heat medium and a heat pump with a working fluid, and the stratified temperature accumulator and heat pump are: The working fluid is constructed and connected in such a way that it is introduced into the heat medium in the gaseous state (as superheated steam or as saturated steam) at the point of introduction and in direct material contact with the heat medium. Here, the pressure of the stratified temperature accumulator at the introduction site is not less than the condensation pressure of the working medium.

  The device according to the invention allows a direct material contact between the gaseous working fluid and the liquid heat medium, so that the condensed (liquid) working fluid and the liquid heat medium are in direct contact. It is also possible to make material contact. Here, several advantages similar to and comparable to the method according to the invention already described are obtained.

  In one development of the method according to the invention, the working fluid condensed in the stratified temperature accumulator is returned to the heat pump.

  Returning the condensed working fluid, and thus the liquid working fluid, enables a particularly advantageous circulation process for storing heat in the stratified temperature accumulator. Here, it is possible to allow the condensed working fluid to be transported through a separator before returning it to the working circuit of the heat pump, where it is present in the condensed working fluid. Since the remainder of the heat medium is separated, there is little or no heat medium delivered to the work circuit of the heat pump. The material separation between the working fluid and the heat medium to be performed after the working fluid has been condensed is not limited to the use of a separator, but can be performed by a device known from the prior art and / or an equivalent device. is there.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, a working fluid is used in which the density after condensation in the stratified temperature accumulator is equal to or higher than the density of the heat medium. Here, in practice, higher densities are always advantageous.

  The advantage of the density of the condensed working fluid, which is higher than the liquid heat medium, is that the working fluid can be introduced or introduced near the upper end of the stratified temperature accumulator. Due to the action of gravity at the location of the stratified temperature accumulator, the working fluid having a higher density than the heat medium settles from the introduction location to the lower end of the stratified temperature accumulator after the condensation and / or during the condensation. In the present invention, the upper and lower relative concepts are related to the direction of gravity as is well known. In general, the heat medium has the highest temperature at the upper end of the stratified temperature accumulator.

  The advantage of the condensed working fluid having a relatively high density and the resulting settling of the working fluid is that the working fluid is supercooled to the temperature at the lower end of the stratified temperature accumulator. Is that additional heat is stored in the heat medium and consequently in the stratified temperature accumulator.

  Another advantage is that the condensed working fluid is almost completely condensed by sedimentation and in connection therewith is always in material contact with the heat medium. After the condensed working fluid has settled and after it has accumulated at the lower end of the stratified temperature accumulator, for example the bottom, it can be returned to the heat pump again.

  In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the same liquid is used for the liquid agglomerated working fluid and the liquid heat medium.

  This advantageously makes it possible to dispense with an additional separator for separating the working fluid from the heat medium, for example before returning the working fluid to the heat pump or transferring it to the heat-consuming device.

  In one development of this method, a working fluid having a condensation pressure of less than 1 MPa at a temperature of 100 ° C. (373.15 K) is used.

  A working fluid having a condensation pressure of less than 1 MPa at a temperature of 100 ° C. is referred to herein as a low pressure fluid. The advantage of such a low pressure fluid is that it enables the method of the invention to be applied in combination with known stratified temperature accumulators. This is true according to the prior art, because typical stratified temperature accumulators, in particular water stratified accumulators, have a pressure that is less than 1 MPa and in particular in the range from 0.3 MPa to 1 MPa. Common working fluids used in heat pumps, such as fluids R134a, R400c or R410a, have a condensation pressure in the range of 2 MPa to 4 MPa at 100 ° C. Therefore, the condensation pressure of the working fluid is much higher than a general pressure in the stratified temperature accumulator, and therefore, when the working fluid is introduced at a temperature of 100 ° C., the working fluid is not condensed. In contrast, the low pressure fluid has a condensation pressure that is in the range of the pressure in the stratified accumulator, so that the low pressure fluid condenses upon contact with the liquid heat medium of the stratified temperature accumulator.

  Particularly advantageous are the substances 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4- (trifluoromethyl) -3-pentanone (trade name Novec® 649), At least of perfluoromethylbutanone, 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene, cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and / or cyclopentane A working fluid containing one.

  The above substances can be used according to the invention in combination with a stratified temperature accumulator known from the prior art. For example, Novec® 649 has a condensation pressure of 0.45 MPa at a temperature of 100 ° C., perfluoromethylbutanone has a condensation pressure of 0.89 MPa, and cyclopentane has a condensation pressure of 0.42 MPa. Therefore, the condensation pressure of the fluid is much lower at 100 ° C. than, for example, the condensation pressure of R134a having a condensation pressure of about 3.97 MPa.

  Another advantage of the above materials is their technical ease of handling. These materials have excellent safety properties due to good environmental compatibility and, for example, they are not flammable and have very low global warming potential. In general, the substance Novec® 649 and perfluoromethylbutanone belong to the fluoroketone substance group, whereas cyclopentane belongs to the cloalkane substance group.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the method, water is used as the working fluid.

  This advantageously eliminates an additional separator that can separate the working fluid from the heat medium. Therefore, in the hydrostatic temperature water type stratified accumulator in which the pressure in the stratified temperature accumulator is formed only by the hydrostatic pressure of the water column, the height of the working fluid introduction portion to the heat medium is not important. In particular, the water-type stratified accumulator can store heat by a gaseous working fluid introduced into the upper end portion thereof and a working fluid that is subsequently condensed. Advantageously, there is only a slight time delay between reaching the desired temperature in the section.

  In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a working fluid is used that does not mix with the liquid heat carrier in the liquid (condensed) agglomerated state.

  In other words, the condensed working fluid and the liquid heat medium form a two-phase fluid, one phase by the condensed working fluid and the other phase by the liquid heat medium. Composed. It is also possible to provide a working fluid that has a slight miscibility with the heat medium in the liquid agglomerated state.

  Since the mixture of the working fluid and the heat medium is in two phases, these liquids can be easily separated in terms of material. This is particularly easy when the condensed working fluid and the liquid heat medium have different densities. For example, the low-pressure fluids Novec® 649, perfluoromethylbutanone and cyclopentane already mentioned are poorly soluble in water, which is particularly suitable as a heating medium, so that only a small amount is mixed with water. For example, Novec® 649 only dissolves 20 ppm water.

  In another embodiment of the invention, the gaseous working fluid is introduced into the heating medium using a distribution device that evenly distributes the working fluid in a constant temperature layer of the heating medium.

  A stratified temperature accumulator, for example, a water stratified accumulator, has a layered structure with respect to the temperature of the heat medium, and each layer has a predetermined temperature and density. Therefore, it is advantageous from the viewpoint of the efficiency of heat transfer from the working fluid of the heat pump to the heat medium that the gaseous working fluid is uniformly or uniformly dispersed in the layer of the heat medium. It should be understood that the concepts of uniform and uniform and layer temperature or density are always approximate.

  In general, stratified accumulators are oriented vertically (relative to gravity applied to the stratified accumulators), so that the individual layers of the stratified accumulators extend in the horizontal direction. By uniformly dispersing the gaseous working fluid in one layer of the liquid heat medium, the surface of the material contact (contact surface) between the heat medium and the working fluid is increased, thereby operating. The efficiency of heat transfer from the fluid to the heat medium is improved.

  Uniform distribution of the working fluid in one horizontal layer of the stratified temperature accumulator further allows for dispersion of the incoming working fluid pulses, which may in some cases lead to a mix of layers. Undesirable mixing processes can be prevented.

  For example, the distribution device is a horizontal distribution pipe system used in a stratified accumulator. In particular, a known distribution device in the above stratified accumulator reduces the speed of working fluid entry into the heat medium (see Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 2008, 80 No. 3 by Goeppert et al.). Further, by changing the cross-sectional area of the entrance hole of the distributor, the entrance speed of the gaseous working fluid can be controlled. Another advantage of controlling the cross-sectional area of the entry hole is that the primary bubble size of the gaseous working fluid can be set.

  In one embodiment of the method, a controlled pressure accumulator is used as the stratified temperature accumulator.

  The control type accumulator is advantageous because the pressure in the stratified temperature accumulator can be controlled within a predetermined pressure range. By controlling the pressure in the pressure accumulator, the pressure in the pressure accumulator can be adapted to the condensation pressure of the working fluid, so that the working fluid is condensed regardless of the temperature at the introduction point. For example, this allows the gaseous working fluid to be introduced at the point of introduction of the stratified accumulator, which is placed as high as possible. Here, the temperature of one layer of the stratified accumulator or accumulator correlates with the height of this layer, so the highest possible introduction point corresponds to the highest temperature.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the method, heat is supplied to the working fluid from the stratified temperature accumulator before introduction into the condenser of the heat pump.

  This is particularly advantageous when working fluids having an overhanging saturated vapor pressure curve. This allows the heat required in such a working fluid that is used to superheat the working fluid before introduction into the condenser to be removed from the stratified temperature accumulator.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat medium separated from the heat pump vaporizer using a droplet separator is returned to the stratified temperature accumulator.

  The introduction of the heat medium into the working fluid and the introduction of the heat medium into the circulation path of the working fluid in the heat pump is fundamental because the working fluid and the heat medium of the stratified temperature accumulator are in direct material contact. Is not blocked. Therefore, particularly in a heat pump vaporizer, a liquid heat medium that has not been vaporized (together) accumulates. This heat medium accumulated in the vaporizer is advantageously removed from the vaporizer by the droplet separator and returned to the stratified temperature accumulator.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, in order to utilize heat, the heat medium is transferred to a heat consuming device, where the heat medium is transferred through a separator prior to use in the heat consuming device.

  The transfer of the heat medium through the separator is performed particularly when the heat medium is taken out directly from the stratified temperature accumulator. When removing the heat medium directly, a part of the working fluid is delivered with the heat medium by the material contact according to the invention between the working fluid and the heat medium. At this time, the working fluid can be delivered in the form of droplets (emulsion) or as a component (solution) dissolved in a heat medium.

  It is advantageously ensured by the above separator that the delivered part of the working fluid does not reach the heat consuming device and can possibly be returned to the stratified temperature accumulator and / or heat pump. Suitable for separation are, for example, active droplet separators and / or coagulating separators. Another option for preventing delivery of the working fluid is to reduce the solubility of the working fluid in the heat medium by lowering the temperature of the heat consuming device. This is the case for material mixtures that have higher solubility at higher temperatures. As the temperature of the heat consuming device decreases, the working fluid precipitates and is therefore materially separated from the heat medium.

  For example, when the heat for the heat consuming device is indirectly extracted via a heat exchanger, the separator provided on the heat consuming device side and separating the working fluid from the heat medium can be omitted.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a phase change material (Phase Change Material PCM in English) is used in the stratified temperature accumulator for storing thermal energy.

  Therefore, the stratified accumulator includes two heat media, and another heat medium is formed as a phase change material. Phase change materials or phase change accumulators are advantageous because they can store thermal energy with low loss, in many repetitive cycles and over a long period of time. Particularly advantageous are phase change materials whose melting temperature (phase change temperature) is lower than the agglomeration temperature (at the agglomeration pressure) of the working fluid. For example, the melting temperature of 125 ° C. of the phase change material is advantageous because the coagulation temperature of the working fluid can be 130 ° C. Therefore, a melting temperature of up to 5% below the aggregation temperature is advantageous.

  The stratified accumulator may advantageously comprise another heat medium in solid agglomeration. Here, the porosity of the solid heat medium can be adapted to the purpose. For example, this porosity can be selected to allow sedimentation of a condensed working fluid that is denser than a liquid heat carrier.

  Further advantages, characteristic configurations and details of the invention can be obtained from the embodiments described below or by means of the drawings.

It is a figure which shows the pressure accumulator connected to the heat pump by which a working fluid is guide | induced directly to the thermal medium of this pressure accumulator. It is a figure which shows the hydrostatic pressure accumulator connected to the heat pump by which a working fluid is guide | induced directly to the thermal medium of an accumulator like FIG.

  In the drawings, the same type of elements are given the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows a control-type pressure accumulator 2, in which a working fluid 4 of a heat pump 6 is passed through a distribution device 12 to a heat medium 10 at a height 8 of the pressure accumulator 2. In order to be distributed, it is connected to a heat pump 6, where the heat medium 10 is in direct material contact with the working fluid 12.

  The heat pump 6 includes a condenser 14, a vaporizer 16, an expansion valve 20, a separator 18, a droplet separator 15, and a check valve 22. The working fluid 4 circulates through the heat pump 6 counterclockwise 36.

  FIG. 1 further shows an expansion vessel 24, a pump 28, another expansion valve 30, and a storage tank 26 for the heat medium 10. The components 24, 26, 28, 30 described above are used to condition the accumulator 2 and / or the heat medium 10. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, water is used as the heat medium 10.

  The gaseous working fluid 4 is introduced into the heat medium 10 after the condenser 14 via the distributor 12 at the height 8 of the pressure accumulator 2, thereby making direct material contact with the heat medium 10. At this time, the temperature of the pressure accumulator 2 at the introduction height 8 is 130 ° C., for example. When using Novec® 649 as the working fluid, the pressure in the accumulator 2 must be at least 0.9 MPa in order to allow direct condensation of the gaseous working fluid 4.

  The advantage of the control-type pressure accumulator 2 is that the working fluid 4 can be introduced into the hot accumulator 2 as much as possible. This is advantageous because it can always exceed the condensation pressure of the working fluid 4 at the introduction height 8 by adapting the pressure in the accumulator 2. Generally, for a heat consuming device (not shown), heat is extracted from the pressure accumulator 2 at a location where the temperature is as high as possible. By introducing the working fluid 4 to the above location, the pressure accumulator 2 can reach the temperature required by the heat consuming device efficiently and in a timely manner in a low heat storage state.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, Novec® 649 having a density of about 1300 kg / m ³ can be used as the working fluid 4. When the water 10 having a density of 1000 kg / m ³ is used as the heat medium 10, the working fluid 4 has a higher density than the heat medium 10. By making the density of the working fluid 4 higher than that of the heat medium 10, the working fluid 4 sinks to the bottom 9 of the accumulator 2 due to the influence of the gravity 100. Since the working fluid 4 sinks to the bottom 9 of the pressure accumulator 2, the working fluid 4 is supercooled until it reaches a temperature at the bottom 9 of the pressure accumulator 2, so additional heat is extracted from the working fluid 4. It is advantageous. Due to the low miscibility of Novec® 649 with water, a phase of the working fluid 4 that settles at the bottom 9 is generated, which phase can then be removed at the bottom 9 of the pressure accumulator 2 and separated. It is returned to the work circuit 36 of the heat pump 6 through the vessel 18. This (fluid) separator 18 ensures that the heat medium 10 does not enter the work circuit 36 of the heat pump 6 from the pressure accumulator 2.

When using a working fluid 4 having a density lower than that of the water 10, for example, cyclopentane (C ₅ H ₁₀ ) having a density of 650 kg / m ³ , the working fluid 4 rises after condensation, so that the upper end of the accumulator 2 is increased. Should be taken out in the department.

  The check valve 22 prevents the heat medium 10 from being sent to the condenser 14 and thus to the work circuit 36 of the heat pump 6.

  FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, in which a hydrostatic pressure accumulator 3 is used instead of a controlled pressure accumulator 2. Here, the heat pump 6 includes the elements already shown and described in FIG.

  Unlike the pressure accumulator 2, in the hydrostatic pressure accumulator 3, the pressure in the accumulator 3 is formed only by the hydrostatic pressure of the heat medium 10, which is water 10 in this case. In other words, the pressure in the pressure accumulator 3 is formed only by the liquid column of the water 10. Again, when introducing Novec (registered trademark) 649 as the working fluid 4 to the hydrostatic pressure accumulator at a temperature of 110 ° C., a pressure of at least 0.6 MPa is required to condense the working fluid 4. Thereby, the introduction location or introduction height 8 of the working fluid 4 to the pressure accumulator 3 must be selected such that the water 10 is higher than the introduction height 8 of the working fluid 4 by at least 50 m. Become. In general, the pressure can be selected in accordance with the introduction height 8 of the working fluid 4.

  In order to further increase the pressure in the hydrostatic accumulator 3 without increasing the height of the liquid column of the heat medium 10 or decreasing the introduction height 8, a low temperature water layer 32 is placed on the upper end of the accumulator 3. . This low temperature water layer 32 is separated from the water 10 of the hydrostatic pressure accumulator 3 by a separation device 34. The fact that the low temperature water layer 32 is placed on the upper end of the hydrostatic pressure accumulator 3 guarantees that the pressure at the introduction height 8 exceeds the condensing pressure of the working fluid 4 at the time of introduction. Condensation begins. Therefore, the introduction height 8 of the working fluid 4 can be designed to be relatively high, whereby the temperature at the introduction height 8 can be increased.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the working fluid 4 has a higher density than the heat medium 10, and thus sinks to the bottom 9 of the hydrostatic accumulator 3 due to the influence of gravity 100. Again, this can be supplied from the bottom 9 to the working circuit 36 of the heat pump 6 via the separator 18. When the density of the heat medium 10 is higher than that of the working fluid 4, the working fluid 4 is taken out at the upper end portion of the hydrostatic pressure accumulator 3.

  Although the invention has been described and explained in detail with reference to a number of advantageous embodiments, the invention is not limited to the disclosed examples or those skilled in the art will depart from the protection scope of the invention. Without this, it is possible to derive another plurality of variations from here.

Claims (15)

A method of storing heat in the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3),
Introducing the working fluid (4) of the heat pump (6) into the liquid heat medium (10) of the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3) in a gaseous state at at least one introduction point (8); and In direct material contact with the heating medium (10),
However, in the introduction part (8), the pressure in the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3) is not less than the condensation pressure of the working fluid (4).
A method characterized by that. Returning the working fluid (4) condensed in the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3) to the heat pump (6);
The method of claim 1. Using a working fluid (4) in which the density after condensation in the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3) is equal to or higher than the density of the heat medium (10);
The method according to claim 1 or 2. The working fluid (4) in the liquid state and the heat medium (10) are the same liquid,
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The condensation pressure of the working fluid (4) is less than 1 MPa at a temperature of 100 ° C.,
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Substance 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4- (trifluoromethyl) -3-pentanone, perfluoromethylbutanone, 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro- Using a working fluid (4) comprising at least one of 1-propene, cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and / or cyclopentane,
6. A method according to any one of claims 1-5. Use water as working fluid (4),
6. A method according to any one of claims 1-5. Using a working fluid (4) that does not mix with the heating medium (10) in a liquid state;
7. A method according to any one of claims 1-6. The gaseous working fluid (4) is introduced into the heating medium (10) using a distributor (12) that uniformly distributes the working fluid (4) in a constant temperature layer of the heating medium (10). To
9. A method according to any one of claims 1-8. Controlled pressure accumulator (3) is used as stratified accumulator (3),
10. A method according to any one of claims 1-9. Before introducing into the condenser (14) of the heat pump (6), heat is supplied from the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3) to the working fluid (4).
11. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 10. Returning the heat medium (10) separated from the vaporizer (16) of the heat pump (6) using the droplet separator (15) to the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3);
12. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 11. In order to use heat, the heat medium (10) is transferred to a heat consuming device,
Transporting the heating medium (10) through a separator prior to use in the heat consuming device;
13. A method according to any one of claims 1-12. In order to store thermal energy, a phase change material is used in the stratified temperature storage (2, 3).
14. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 13. A device comprising a stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3) provided with a liquid heat medium (10) and a heat pump (6) provided with a working fluid (4),
In the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3) and the heat pump (6), the working fluid (4) is introduced into the heat medium (10) at the introduction point (8) in a gas state, and the heat medium (10) configured and connected in direct material contact with,
The pressure of the stratified temperature accumulator (2, 3) at the introduction location is not less than the condensation pressure of the working medium (4).
A device characterized by that.

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