JP2017212045A - battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To further reliably prevent a short circuit of an electrode.SOLUTION: A battery 10 comprises: a positive electrode 11; a negative electrode 14; a shield member 17, arranged between the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 14, which does not conduct ions and includes an insulator; and an ion conduction medium 21 which conducts the ions between a surface other than an opposite face 11a of the positive electrode 11 (for example, a back face 11b or a lateral face 11c) and a surface other than an opposite face 14a of the negative electrode 14 (for example, a back face 14b or a lateral face 14c). The battery 10 has a back-face electrodeposition structure in which battery chemical reactions such as electrodeposition and dissolution are performed on the back face 11b side of the positive electrode 11 and the back face 14b side of the negative electrode 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a battery.

  Conventionally, as a battery, for example, there is a battery in which a conductive substance is formed on an electrode during charging. In this battery, the formed conductive material may reach the counter electrode, and the battery may be short-circuited. The factors include the electric field gradient resulting from the geometrical arrangement due to the imperfection of the electrode surface shape and the deviation from the equilibrium condition during battery charging. As a method for preventing such a short circuit, the electrode surface shape can be made completely flat to eliminate the electric field gradient so as not to cause any deviation from the equilibrium condition. Obtaining is difficult from an engineering point of view. On the other hand, application of a polymer electrolyte or a solid electrolyte between the electrodes has been studied for the purpose of physically preventing the conductive material from reaching the counter electrode. In addition, attempts have been made to prevent short-circuiting of electrodes by adopting a flow battery configuration in which an electrolytic solution flows (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2014-135218 A

  However, the flow battery such as the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 can be configured to avoid a battery short circuit, while there are components indispensable for driving a flow battery such as a pump. There were many restrictions such as large energy density loss and difficult to apply to portable applications. Even when a solid electrolyte is used between the electrodes, the solid electrolyte may be reduced. In such a case, the battery may be short-circuited. It has been desired to more reliably prevent short-circuiting of electrodes.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a subject, and it aims at providing the battery which can prevent the short circuit of an electrode more reliably.

  As a result of diligent research in order to achieve the above-described object, the present inventors have provided an insulator and a member that shields ionic conduction between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the back surface on the opposite side where the positive electrode and the negative electrode face each other. It has been found that the short circuit of the electrode can be prevented more reliably when the chemical reaction is performed, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the battery of the present invention is
A positive electrode;
A negative electrode,
A shielding member that is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and does not conduct ions and includes an insulator;
An ion conductive medium that conducts ions between a surface of the positive electrode other than the facing surface facing the negative electrode and a surface of the negative electrode other than the facing surface facing the positive electrode;
It is equipped with.

  The battery of this invention can prevent the short circuit of an electrode more reliably. The reason why such an effect is obtained is presumed as follows. For example, in this battery, there is a shielding member that does not conduct ions and includes an insulator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a surface other than the opposing surface of the positive electrode and a surface other than the opposing surface of the negative electrode (for example, the back surface or the side surface). And has a structure for causing an electrochemical reaction to proceed. For this reason, even if the conductive material grows on the electrode, there is no electrode facing it, so that it does not physically come into contact with the counter electrode. For this reason, the short circuit of an electrode can be prevented more reliably.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a configuration of a battery. Explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of a structure of the battery 10B. The relationship diagram of the half-cell charge / discharge cycle and coulomb efficiency. SEM photograph of working electrode surface. The relationship figure of the charging / discharging cycle and battery capacity of a Ni-Zn battery. Explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of a structure of the conventional battery 110. FIG.

  A battery disclosed in this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a battery 10 having the configuration of the present invention. The battery 10 includes a positive electrode 11 having a positive electrode active material layer 12, a negative electrode 14 having a negative electrode active material layer 15, and a shielding member that is disposed between the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 14 and does not conduct ions and includes an insulator. 17 and an ion conducting medium 20 that conducts ions between a surface other than the facing surface 11a of the positive electrode 11 (for example, the back surface 11b and the side surface 11c) and a surface other than the facing surface 14a of the negative electrode 14 (for example, the back surface 14b and the side surface 14c); It has. The positive electrode 11 includes a facing surface 11a facing the negative electrode 14, a back surface 11b opposite to the facing surface 11a, and a side surface 11c. The negative electrode 14 includes a facing surface 14a facing the positive electrode 11, a back surface 14b opposite to the facing surface 14a, and a side surface 14c. The battery 10 also includes an insulating case 23 that accommodates the positive electrode 11, the negative electrode 14, the shielding member 17, the ion conductive medium 21, and the like in a sealed state. This battery 10 performs electrodeposition and dissolution, which are battery chemical reactions, on the back surface 11b side of the positive electrode 11 (which may include the side surface 11c) and on the back surface 14b side of the negative electrode 14 (which may include the side surface 14c). It has a back electrodeposition structure to perform. Each surface of each electrode may be not only a flat surface but also a curved surface, a spherical surface, an uneven surface, or the like.

  The shielding member 17 is a member that is disposed between the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 14, insulates the positive electrode 11 from the negative electrode 14, and does not conduct ions between the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 14. The shielding member 17 may be realized by a single member, and may be realized by a plurality of members. For example, the shielding member 17 may be an insulator and a dense body having no ion conductivity. Examples of such a material include ceramic bodies such as alumina, zirconia, and silica, and resins. Examples of the resin include phenol resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin, polymethyl methacrylate resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyvinyl chloride. General-purpose plastics such as vinylidene, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane, and polytetrafluoroethylene are listed. Also, a binder resin described later can be used. Moreover, when the shielding member 17 includes two or more members, for example, a structure in which a metal having no ion conductivity is disposed on the front surface and the back surface of the insulating porous body. The shielding member 17 shown in FIG. 1 includes a plate-like body 18 that is an insulator, a current collector 13 that is formed between the positive electrode 11 and the plate-like body 18 and shields ionic conduction, and has a negative electrode. 14 and the plate-like body 18, and a current collector 16 that shields ion conduction and has conductivity. In the battery 10, the positive electrode active material layer 12 and the current collector 13 may be the positive electrode 11, the negative electrode active material layer 15 and the current collector 16 may be the negative electrode 14, the plate-like body 18, the current collector 13, The current collector 16 may be used as the shielding member 17. When the positive electrode active material layer 12 is a conductive member (for example, metal), the current collector 13 can be omitted. Similarly, when the negative electrode active material layer 15 is a conductive member (for example, metal), the current collector 16 can be omitted.

  The shielding member 17 may cover the facing surface 11 a of the positive electrode 11 facing the negative electrode 14 and may cover the facing surface 14 a of the negative electrode 14 facing the positive electrode 11. This structure is preferable because electrodeposition, dissolution reaction, and the like on the facing surface 11a of the positive electrode 11 and the facing surface 14a of the negative electrode 14 can be prevented. The shielding member 17 includes an insulating plate-like body 18 disposed between the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 14. The shielding member 17 preferably includes a plate-like body 18 that is larger than the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 14. By doing so, it is possible to prevent electrodeposition, dissolution reaction and the like on the facing surface 11a of the positive electrode 11 and the facing surface 14a of the negative electrode 14. The thickness of the plate-like body 18 is not particularly limited, but may be 100 μm or more or a film shape of 100 μm or less. The shielding member 17 preferably has at least one of a covering portion 19 that covers the side surface 11c and the corner portion 11d of the positive electrode 11, and a covering portion 20 that covers the side surface 14c and the corner portion 14d of the negative electrode 14. The covering portion 19 and the covering portion 20 are preferably formed of an insulating material. The side surfaces 11c and 14c and the corners 11d and 14d of the electrode have the largest electric field gradient, and therefore it is preferable to coat them with an insulating material. The covering portion 19 and the covering portion 20 may be made of the same material as the plate-like body 18 or may be made of a different material. In the shielding member 17, any one or more of the covering portion 19 and the covering portion 20 may cover only the side surfaces 11c and 14c of the electrode and may not cover the corner portions 11d and 14d of the electrode. Alternatively, the shielding member 17 may not include any one or more of the covering portion 19 and the covering portion 20.

  For example, the positive electrode 11 is prepared by mixing a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder and adding a suitable solvent to form a paste-like positive electrode mixture on the surface of the current collector 13. Depending on the case, the electrode may be compressed to increase the electrode density. As the positive electrode active material, a material appropriately selected according to the battery configuration may be used. The conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it is an electron conductive material that does not adversely affect the battery performance of the positive electrode. For example, graphite such as natural graphite (scale-like graphite, scale-like graphite) or artificial graphite, acetylene black, carbon black, What mixed 1 type (s) or 2 or more types, such as ketjen black, carbon whisker, needle coke, carbon fiber, metal (copper, nickel, aluminum, silver, gold, etc.) can be used. The binder serves to bind the active material particles and the conductive material particles. For example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), a fluorine-containing resin such as fluororubber, polypropylene, Thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, sulfonated EPDM rubber, natural butyl rubber (NBR) and the like can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. In addition, an aqueous dispersion of cellulose or styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), which is an aqueous binder, can also be used. Examples of the solvent for dispersing the positive electrode active material, the conductive material, and the binder include N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, methyl acetate, methyl acrylate, diethylenetriamine, and N, N-dimethylaminopropylamine. Organic solvents such as ethylene oxide and tetrahydrofuran can be used. Moreover, a dispersing agent, a thickener, etc. may be added to water, and an active material may be slurried with latex, such as SBR. As the current collector 13, in addition to aluminum, titanium, stainless steel, nickel, iron, calcined carbon, conductive polymer, conductive glass, etc., aluminum and copper are used for the purpose of improving adhesiveness, conductivity and oxidation resistance. A surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver or the like can be used. For these, the surface can be oxidized. Examples of the shape of the current collector include foil, film, sheet, net, punched or expanded, lath, porous, foam, and formed fiber group. The thickness of the current collector 13 may be, for example, 1 to 500 μm.

  The negative electrode 14 may be formed, for example, by bringing a negative electrode active material and a current collector 16 into close contact, or by mixing a negative electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder, and adding an appropriate solvent to form a paste. The negative electrode composite material may be applied and dried on the surface of the current collector 16, and may be compressed to increase the electrode density as necessary. As the negative electrode active material, a material appropriately selected according to the battery configuration may be used. In addition, as the current collector 16, the conductive material, the binder, the solvent, and the like used for the negative electrode 14, those exemplified for the positive electrode 11 can be used. In the negative electrode 14, a separator 22 having ion conductivity may be disposed on the back surface 14b. Due to the presence of the separator 22, a space can be secured between the negative electrode 14 and the case 23, and the case 23 can be protected from an electrodeposit formed on the back surface 14b.

  As long as the ion conduction medium 21 conducts ions on the back surface 11b side (which may include the side surface 11c) of the positive electrode 11 and the back surface 14b side (which may include the side surface 14c) of the negative electrode 14, It does not specifically limit and it is good also as a liquid, solid, the gel containing a liquid, etc. The ion conductive medium 21 may be an aqueous electrolytic solution containing a supporting salt, a non-aqueous electrolytic solution containing a supporting salt, an aqueous or non-aqueous gel electrolytic solution, or the like. As the supporting salt and the solvent, a substance appropriately selected according to the battery configuration may be used. For example, examples of the aqueous electrolyte include KOH aqueous solution and dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution. Examples of the solvent for the non-aqueous electrolyte include carbonates, esters, ethers, nitriles, furans, sulfolanes and dioxolanes, and these can be used alone or in combination. Specific examples of the carbonates include cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, and chain carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate. Examples of supporting salts for aqueous electrolytes and non-aqueous electrolytes include group 1 elements (eg, Li, Na, K, etc.), group 2 elements (eg, Mg, Ca, etc.), and transition metals (eg, Inorganic salts and organic salts containing one or more cations among Zn).

  Alternatively, the ion conductive medium 21 may be a solid ion conductive polymer. As the ion conductive polymer, for example, a polymer gel composed of a polymer such as acrylonitrile, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinylidene fluoride and a supporting salt can be used. Further, an ion conductive polymer and an electrolytic solution can be used in combination. Further, the ion conductive medium 21 can use an inorganic solid electrolyte, a mixed material of an organic polymer electrolyte and an inorganic solid electrolyte, an inorganic solid powder bound by an organic binder, or the like.

  The battery 10 includes a lead storage battery, a lithium air battery, a zinc air battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a lithium titanate battery, a nickel cadmium storage battery, a nickel hydrogen rechargeable battery, and a nickel iron battery. One or more of nickel-zinc storage battery, manganese zinc dioxide battery, and silicon battery may be used. When the battery 10 is a lead storage battery, for example, lead dioxide may be used for the positive electrode 11, lead for the negative electrode 14, and dilute sulfuric acid as the ion conductive medium 21. In the case where the battery 10 is a lithium-air battery, for example, oxygen as the positive electrode active material, lithium metal, lithium alloy, and one or more materials that occlude and release lithium (such as carbon materials such as graphite) in the negative electrode 14, an ion conductive medium A non-aqueous electrolyte that conducts lithium ions may be used as 21. When the battery 10 is a zinc-air battery, for example, oxygen as the positive electrode active material, one or more of zinc metal, zinc alloy or a material that occludes and releases zinc in the negative electrode 14, and non-conducting zinc ions as the ion conductive medium 21. An aqueous electrolyte may be used. When the battery 10 is a lithium ion secondary battery, for example, one or more of a lithium nickel composite oxide, a lithium manganese composite oxide, a lithium cobalt composite oxide, and a lithium nickel manganese cobalt composite oxide as a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode 14 may be a material that occludes and releases lithium (for example, a carbon material such as graphite) and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution that conducts lithium ions as the ion conducting medium 21. When the battery 10 is a lithium iron phosphate battery, for example, lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode active material, a material that absorbs and releases lithium into the negative electrode 14 (for example, a carbon material such as graphite), and lithium ions as the ion conductive medium 21 What is necessary is just to use the nonaqueous electrolyte solution which conducts. When the battery 10 is a lithium-sulfur battery, for example, one or more of sulfur as a positive electrode active material, lithium metal, a lithium alloy, and a material that absorbs and releases lithium (such as carbon material such as graphite) in the negative electrode 14, an ion conductive medium A non-aqueous electrolyte that conducts lithium ions may be used as 21. When the battery 10 is a lithium titanate battery, for example, at least one of a lithium nickel composite oxide, a lithium manganese composite oxide, a lithium cobalt composite oxide, and a lithium nickel manganese cobalt composite oxide as a positive electrode active material, Lithium titanate may be used as the substance, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution that conducts lithium ions may be used as the ion conductive medium 21. When the battery 10 is a nickel cadmium storage battery, for example, a nickel compound such as nickel hydroxide may be used for the positive electrode 11, cadmium for the negative electrode 14, and an alkaline aqueous solution such as an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution for the ion conductive medium 21. When the battery 10 is a nickel metal hydride rechargeable battery, for example, a nickel compound such as nickel hydroxide is used for the positive electrode 11, hydrogen or a hydrogen storage alloy is used for the negative electrode 14, and an alkaline aqueous solution such as a concentrated potassium hydroxide aqueous solution is used for the ion conductive medium 21. May be used. When the battery 10 is a nickel iron battery, for example, a nickel compound such as nickel hydroxide may be used for the positive electrode 11, iron may be used for the negative electrode 14, and an alkaline aqueous solution such as a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution may be used for the ion conductive medium 21. When the battery 10 is a nickel zinc storage battery, for example, a nickel compound such as nickel hydroxide may be used for the positive electrode 11, zinc may be used for the negative electrode 14, and an alkaline aqueous solution such as a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution may be used for the ion conductive medium 21. In the case where the battery 10 is a manganese dioxide zinc battery, for example, manganese dioxide may be used for the positive electrode 11, zinc may be used for the negative electrode 14, and an alkaline aqueous solution such as an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution may be used for the ion conductive medium 21. When the battery 10 is a silicon battery, for example, one or more of a lithium nickel composite oxide, a lithium manganese composite oxide, a lithium cobalt composite oxide, and a lithium nickel manganese cobalt composite oxide as a positive electrode active material, and silicon in the negative electrode 14 As the ion conductive medium 21, a nonaqueous electrolytic solution that conducts lithium ions may be used.

  The shape of the battery 10 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a coin type, a button type, a sheet type, a laminated type, a cylindrical type, a flat type, and a square type. Moreover, you may apply to the large sized thing etc. which are used for an electric vehicle etc. Alternatively, a stacked body of the positive electrode 11, the negative electrode 14, and the shielding member 17 may be suspended in the ion conductive medium 21. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the battery 10B. This battery 10 </ b> B has a structure in which a laminate of the positive electrode 11, the negative electrode 14, and the shielding member 17 </ b> B is suspended from an electrolytic solution serving as the ion conductive medium 21. The shielding member 17B does not include the covering portions 19 and 20. The shielding member 17B is assumed to be larger than the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 14. By doing so, the side surfaces 11c and 14c and the corner portions 11d and 14d of the electrode can prevent a short circuit due to an electrodeposit formed on the side surface or corner portion where the electric field gradient becomes the largest.

  In the batteries 10 and 10B described in detail above, electrodeposition and dissolution that are battery chemical reactions between the surface of the positive electrode 11 other than the facing surface 11a (back surface 11b side) and the surface of the negative electrode 14 other than the facing surface 14a (back surface 14b side). Since it has the back surface electrodeposition structure which performs this, the short circuit of an electrode can be prevented more reliably. This is because, for example, shielding members 17 and 17B that do not conduct ions and contain an insulator exist between the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 14, and the back surface 11b side of the positive electrode 11 and the back surface 14b side of the negative electrode 14 are electrically connected. This is because even if a conductive electrodeposit is grown on an electrode and has a structure for advancing a chemical reaction, there is no opposite electrode and physical contact does not occur. Thus, in the batteries 10 and 10B, short-circuiting of the electrodes can be more reliably prevented by a simple structure called a back electrodeposition structure using the shielding members 17 and 17B.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various modes as long as it belongs to the technical scope of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, an example in which the battery of the present invention was specifically manufactured will be described as an example. In addition, this invention is not limited to this Example at all, and as long as it belongs to the technical scope of this invention, it cannot be overemphasized that it can implement with a various aspect.

[Example 1]
A half cell having a Zn metal foil (thickness: 100 μm) as a counter electrode and a Cu metal foil (thickness: 30 μm) as a working electrode, that is, a Zn deposition substrate, was fabricated in a back electrodeposition configuration (see FIG. 2). A laminated body in which a polypropylene insulating film is disposed and fixed between a Zn counter electrode and a Cu working electrode is manufactured, and the lower half of the laminated body is immersed in a 6M KOH aqueous solution saturated with ZnO as an electrolytic solution. I let you. In addition, on the back surface of the working electrode, a separator capable of penetrating electrolyte was disposed for securing and protecting the space. The obtained half battery was referred to as Example 1. In Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, the Zn counter electrode and the Cu working electrode also serve as the current collector in FIG.

[Comparative Example 1]
A half battery having a Zn metal foil as a counter electrode and a Cu metal foil as a working electrode, that is, a Zn deposition substrate, was produced with a conventional battery configuration (see FIG. 6). A laminated body in which a separator was disposed between the Zn counter electrode and the Cu working electrode was produced, and this laminated body was immersed in a 6M KOH aqueous solution saturated with ZnO as an electrolytic solution. The distance between the counter electrode and the working electrode was 0.3 mm. The obtained half battery was referred to as Comparative Example 1.

[Example 2]
The Zn counter electrode of Example 1 was changed to a commercially available nickel hydroxide as a positive electrode, and a Cu metal foil was used as a current collector, and an electrode obtained by depositing 1.2 mg of Zn on the current collector was used as a negative electrode. A battery was produced. The positive electrode was produced as follows. Nickel hydroxide (700 mg made by Sigma-Aldrich) as a positive electrode active material, acetylene black (200 mg) as a conductive material, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF, 100 mg) as a binder were added with 10 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). ) As a solvent to prepare a positive electrode mixture. This positive electrode mixture was dip coated on a Ni foam (thickness 2 mm) as a current collector, and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ° C. After drying, it was pressed to a thickness of 0.1 mm to obtain a positive electrode. An amorphous insulating carbon layer was formed by sputtering on the side and edge portions of the negative electrode. In addition, a separator capable of penetrating electrolyte was disposed on the back surface of the negative electrode for securing and protecting the space.

[Comparative Example 2]
The Zn counter electrode of Comparative Example 1 was replaced with a commercially available nickel hydroxide as a positive electrode, and a Cu metal foil was used as a current collector, and an electrode obtained by depositing 1.2 mg of Zn on the current collector was used as a negative electrode. A battery was produced. The obtained battery was referred to as Comparative Example 2.

(Charge / discharge cycle test)
Using the resulting battery, Zn electrodeposition (charging) and dissolution (discharging) were repeated. In this charge / discharge cycle test, the current density during Zn electrodeposition and dissolution was set to 20 mA / cm ² .

(SEM observation of electrode)
The working electrode at the 20th cycle in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was observed using a scanning electron microscope (FEI XL30 Sirion) under the condition of an acceleration voltage of 5 kV.

(Results and discussion)
FIG. 3 is a relationship diagram between the charge / discharge cycle of the half-cells of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 and Coulomb efficiency. FIG. 4 is an SEM photograph of the working electrode surface. In Comparative Example 1, as shown in FIG. 3, the battery was short-circuited after about 30 repeated electrodeposition dissolution tests. On the other hand, in Example 1, the short circuit phenomenon was not confirmed in the electrodeposition dissolution repeated test range of about 160 cycles. As shown in FIG. 4B, polyhedral crystal grains were regularly deposited on the surface of the working electrode in the most area. However, on the surface of the working electrode, as shown in FIG. 4A, it was confirmed that dendrites having a size of 5 to 10 μm were generated by 20 cycles of electrodeposition and dissolution cycles. It was speculated that in this comparative example 1, a short circuit between the counter electrode and the working electrode occurred due to the growth of the dendrite. On the other hand, in Example 1 having the back electrodeposition structure, there was no counter electrode at the dendrite growth destination.

  FIG. 5 is a relationship diagram between the charge / discharge cycle and the battery capacity of the Ni—Zn batteries of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2. As shown in FIG. 5, in the battery of Comparative Example 2, the battery was short-circuited after about 200 charge / discharge cycles. On the other hand, in the battery of Example 2, the battery short-circuit phenomenon was not confirmed even in the 800 charge / discharge cycle tests. Thus, it was found that in the batteries of Examples 1 and 2 having the back electrodeposition structure, short-circuiting of the electrodes was prevented more reliably and more stable charge / discharge could be performed. In this example, the effect of the back electrodeposition structure was examined using a Ni-Zn battery as an example. However, other battery configurations such as a lead storage battery, a lithium air battery, a zinc air battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, It was speculated that the same effect can be obtained in a lithium iron phosphate battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a lithium titanate battery, a nickel cadmium storage battery, a nickel hydrogen rechargeable battery, a nickel iron battery, a nickel zinc storage battery, a silicon battery, and the like.

  The present invention can be used in the technical field of batteries.

10, 10B battery, 11 positive electrode, 11a facing surface, 11b back surface, 11c side surface, 11d corner, 12 positive electrode active material layer, 13 current collector, 14 negative electrode, 14a facing surface, 14b back surface, 14c side surface, 14d corner, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 Negative electrode active material layer, 16 Current collector, 17, 17B Shield member, 18 Plate body, 19 Cover part, 20 Cover part, 21 Ion conduction medium, 22 Separator, 23 Case.

Claims (7)

A positive electrode;
A negative electrode,
A shielding member that is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and does not conduct ions and includes an insulator;
An ion conductive medium that conducts ions between a surface of the positive electrode other than the facing surface facing the negative electrode and a surface of the negative electrode other than the facing surface facing the positive electrode;
With battery.   The battery according to claim 1, wherein the shielding member covers a facing surface of the positive electrode facing the negative electrode and covers a facing surface of the negative electrode facing the positive electrode.   The battery according to claim 1, wherein the shielding member has at least one of a covering portion that covers a side surface of the positive electrode and a covering portion that covers a side surface of the negative electrode.   The said shielding member has at least one among the coating part which coat | covers the side surface and corner | angular part of the said positive electrode, and the coating | coated part which coat | covers the side surface and corner | angular part of the said negative electrode in any one of Claims 1-3. The battery described.   The battery according to claim 1, wherein the shielding member includes a plate-like body that is larger than the positive electrode and the negative electrode.   The shielding member includes a plate-like body that is an insulator, and a current collector that is formed between the positive electrode and / or the negative electrode and the plate-like body and shields ion conduction and has conductivity. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   The battery is a lead storage battery, a lithium air battery, a zinc air battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a lithium titanate battery, a nickel cadmium storage battery, a nickel hydrogen rechargeable battery, a nickel iron battery, The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is one or more of a nickel-zinc storage battery, a manganese zinc dioxide battery, and a silicon battery.