JP2017205774A - Friction agitation joint method, and friction agitation joint device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the breakage of a friction agitation pin in a friction agitation joint method and a friction agitation joint device for jointing a plurality of components by using a friction agitation jointing tool.SOLUTION: A friction agitation joint method for jointing a first member 3 and a second member 5 by using a friction agitation jointing tool 1, comprises: jointing the individual members 3 and 5 in a frictional agitation to each other; subsequently moving the friction agitation jointing tool 1 in a predetermined direction; and then instantly extracting a probe 8 of the friction agitation jointing tool 1 from the members 3 and 5.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction stir welding method and a friction stir welding apparatus for joining a plurality of members to each other using a friction stir welding tool.

  Conventionally, a friction stir welding apparatus (machine tool) that joins a plurality of members to each other using a friction stir welding tool is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  There is also known a friction stir welding tool in which the radial inclination angle θ from the periphery to the center of the concave portion on the bottom surface of the tool body is improved (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  Further, a friction stir welding tool having an improved tip (probe) shape is known (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

Japanese Patent No. 5548530 JP 2002-192357 A JP 2007-175664 A

  By the way, in friction stir welding, there exists a problem that a friction stir pin (probe of the tool for friction stir welding) tends to be damaged. This breakage is likely to occur when the friction stir welding is performed and the tool (friction stir welding tool) is removed from the base material (the member to be joined to each other).

  When the friction stir welding tool is damaged, part of the damaged friction stir welding tool remains in the base material joint, and the product (base material) is discarded or part of the damaged friction stir welding tool. It will be necessary to extract the product from the product, and loss will occur.

  Here, the breakage of the friction stir welding tool will be described in detail.

  During friction stir welding, from heat sources such as friction heat generated between the shoulder (shoulder) of the friction stir welding tool and the base material, friction heat generated between the probe (stirring pin) and the base material, etc. The joining portion of the base material is in a softened state by the heat obtained.

  When the friction stir welding tool is removed from the base material, the amount of heat input to the base material is extremely reduced at the moment when the shoulder is separated from the base material. As a result, the temperature of the base material rapidly decreases, and the viscosity of the softened base material (site near the probe) increases.

  Even under this condition, the stirring pin is present in the base material, and the viscosity of the base material is increased as the base material hardens, so that a great tensile stress is generated in the stirring pin by removing the stirring pin from the base material. The friction stir welding tool may be damaged.

  For example, when friction stir welding is performed, the maximum stress applied to the stirring pin is 8 kN, whereas when it is extracted, it is 45 kN (5 times or more) (see FIG. 7A).

  In Patent Document 2, the stirring pin is prevented from being broken by improving the inclination angle θ. However, even the one described in Patent Document 2 increases the stress generated at the time of extraction, which may damage the friction stir welding tool.

  In Patent Document 3, the shape of the tip (probe) of the friction stir welding tool is improved, so that stress concentration generated in the tool is eliminated and the tool is hardly damaged. However, even the one described in Patent Document 3 cannot reduce the stress generated at the time of extraction, which may cause damage to the friction stir welding tool.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in the friction stir welding method and the friction stir welding apparatus for joining a plurality of members to each other using a friction stir welding tool, the friction stir pin is damaged. The object is to provide what can be prevented.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a friction stir welding method in which a joint portion of members is joined using a friction stir welding tool, the friction stir welding tool is rotated, and the probe of the friction stir welding tool is A friction stir welding step of friction stir welding the joint by penetrating into the joint and moving the friction stir welding tool along the joint; and the friction stir welding tool in the friction stir welding step After the movement of the friction stir welding tool, the friction stir welding tool is moved in a direction different from the moving direction immediately before the end of the movement in the friction stir welding process and in a direction different from the extending direction of the central axis of the friction stir welding tool. Immediately after moving the friction stir welding tool in the tool moving step and the tool moving step, or during the movement of the friction stir welding tool in the tool moving step A FSW method and a probe punching step of removing the probe of the friction stir welding tool from said member.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a friction stir welding method in which the first member and the second member are joined to each other using a friction stir welding tool, and the end surface of the first member and the second member are joined together. A member installation step in which the end surfaces of the members are placed in contact with each other; and after each member is installed in the member installation step, the friction stir welding tool is rotated, and the probe of the friction stir welding tool is attached to each member. The friction stir welding step of moving the friction stir welding tool in the extending direction of the abutting portion of each member, the friction stir welding step of friction stir welding the members to each other, and the friction stir welding step After the movement of the friction stir welding tool is completed, the friction stir welding is different from the moving direction immediately before the end of the movement in the friction stir welding process and in a direction different from the extending direction of the central axis of the friction stir welding tool. A tool moving step for moving the tool for the friction, and immediately after moving the friction stir welding tool in the tool moving step, or during the movement of the tool for friction stir welding in the tool moving step, It is a friction stir welding method which has the probe extraction process which extracts the probe of the tool for stirring joining from the said member.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the friction stir welding method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the tool moving step has finished moving the friction stir welding tool in the friction stir welding step, The friction stir welding method is a step of moving the friction stir welding tool in a direction opposite to the moving direction immediately before the end of movement in the friction stir welding step.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the friction stir welding method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the tool moving step has moved the friction stir welding tool in the friction stir welding step, The friction stir welding method is a step of moving the friction stir welding tool along an arc.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the friction stir welding method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the member installation step includes the installation of the respective members and the butted portion of the respective members. An end side abutting member located on an extension line in the extending direction of the butted portion of each member at the end of the friction stir welding tool in the moving direction in the friction stir welding step. The friction stir welding step is a step of moving a probe of the friction stir welding tool to the end side abutting member, and the tool moving step is the friction agitation at the end side abutting member. It is a step of moving a welding tool, and the probe removing step is a friction stir welding method that is a step of removing the friction stir welding tool at the terminal side contact member.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the friction stir welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the member installation step is performed by installing each member and a butt portion of each member. At the initial end side in the moving direction of the friction stir welding tool in the friction stir welding step, the first end side contact located on the extension line in the extending direction of the butted portion of each member It is a step of providing a member, and the friction stir welding step is a friction stir welding method which is a step of penetrating the probe of the friction stir welding tool with the first end side contact member.

  The invention according to claim 7 is a friction stir welding apparatus that joins a joint portion of a member using a friction stir welding tool, and a base body on which the member is installed such that the joint portion is formed; Friction stir welding tool installation body that is movable and positionable relative to the base body, and the friction stir welding tool is rotatably installed, and friction installed on the friction stir welding tool installation body The stir welding tool is rotated, the probe of the friction stir welding tool is inserted into the joint of the member, and the friction stir welding tool is moved along the joint to friction stir weld each other. And after the completion of the friction stir welding by the movement of the friction stir welding tool, it is different from the moving direction immediately before the end of the movement in the friction stir welding, and the central axis of the friction stir welding tool The friction stir welding tool is moved in a direction different from the stretching direction, and during this movement, or after the movement is finished, before the recess formed in the member by the probe of the friction stir welding tool is filled. The friction stir welding apparatus includes a control unit that controls the friction stir welding tool installation body so as to remove the probe of the friction stir welding tool from the member.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the friction stir welding apparatus for joining the first member and the second member to each other using the friction stir welding tool, and the end face of the first member and the second member The end surfaces of the members are abutted against each other, the base body on which the respective members are installed, and the position relative to the base body can be moved and positioned, and the friction stir welding tool is installed rotatably. The friction stir welding tool installation body and the friction stir welding tool installed on the friction stir welding tool installation body rotate to penetrate the probe of the friction stir welding tool into each member, and the friction stir welding tool. The members are friction stir welded to each other by moving in the extending direction of the butted portion of each member, and after the friction stir welding is completed by the movement of the friction stir welding tool, the butted portion Stretching The friction stir welding tool is moved in a direction different from the direction and different from the extending direction of the central axis of the friction stir welding tool, and during or after the movement, the friction stir welding tool A friction stir welding having a control unit for controlling the friction stir welding tool installation body so that the probe of the friction stir welding tool is removed from the member before the recess formed in the member by the probe is filled Device.

  According to the present invention, in the friction stir welding method and the friction stir welding apparatus for joining a plurality of members to each other using the friction stir welding tool, the friction stir pin can be prevented from being damaged.

It is a perspective view which shows the friction stir welding method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the II-II cross section in FIG. It is a top view which shows the friction stir welding method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the friction stir welding method which concerns on another embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the friction stir welding apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the test result of the friction stir welding method which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the test result of the conventional friction stir welding method. It is a figure which shows the test result of the friction stir welding method which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the test result of the conventional friction stir welding method. It is a perspective view which shows the friction stir welding method which concerns on a modification.

  In the friction stir welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, etc., the first member 3 and the second member 5 are friction stird with each other using the friction stir welding tool 1. FSW (Friction Stir Welding).

  Friction stir welding is a member that joins the probe 8 by pressing the cylindrical tool (friction stir welding tool 1) having a protrusion (probe) 8 at the tip against the members 3 and 5 with a strong force while rotating. The base materials 3 and 5 are inserted (inserted) into the abutting portions 13 to generate frictional heat to soften the members 3 and 5 (joining portions 7), and by the rotational force of the friction stir welding tool 1 This is a joining method in which a plurality of members 3 and 5 are integrated by causing the periphery of the joint portion 7 to plastically flow and knead.

  The friction stir welding method is performed, for example, through a member installation process, a friction stir welding process, a tool moving process, and a probe removing process.

  In the member installation step, the end surface (butting surface) 3A of the first member 3 and the end surface (butting surface) 5A of the second member 5 are butted against each other and are integrally installed on the base body 9.

  For convenience of explanation here, one horizontal predetermined direction is the X-axis direction, another horizontal predetermined direction that is orthogonal to the X-axis direction is the Y-axis direction, and the X-axis direction. And the vertical direction perpendicular to the Y-axis direction is taken as the Z-axis direction.

  For example, the first member 3 and the second member 5 are formed in a flat plate shape having substantially the same thickness. Further, a surface (member installation surface; for example, an upper surface) 11 on which the members 3 and 5 are installed of the base body 9 is formed in a flat shape.

  As the first member 3 and the second member 5, for example, a high-strength aluminum alloy having a thickness of 5 mm can be listed.

  An end surface (surface that abuts against the second member 5) 3 </ b> A of the first member 3 is formed by a part of the side surface of the first member 3. Further, the end surface 3A of the first member 3 is formed by, for example, a linear plane having a narrow width parallel to the thickness direction of the first member 3 (corresponding to the thickness of the first member 3). ing.

  An end surface (surface that abuts against the first member 3) 5 </ b> A of the second member 5 is also formed by a part of the side surface of the second member 5. Further, the end surface 5A of the second member 5 is also formed of, for example, a linear plane having a narrow width parallel to the thickness direction of the second member 5 (corresponding to the thickness of the second member 5). ing.

  In a state where the abutting surface 3A of the first member 3 and the abutting surface 5A of the second member 5 are butted against each other and the members 3 and 5 are integrally installed on the base body 9 (member installation state), One surface (for example, the lower surface) in the thickness direction of each member 3, 5 is in surface contact with the upper surface of the base body 9, and the butted surface between the butted surface 3 </ b> A of the first member 3 and the second member 5. 5A is in surface contact with each other.

  When the member installation state is viewed from the thickness direction (vertical direction) of each of the members 3 and 5, the abutting portion 13 between the abutting surface 3A of the first member 3 and the abutting surface 5A of the second member 5 is, for example, It extends straight.

  In the member installation step, the members 3 and 5 are placed on the base body 9, and part of the side surfaces of the members 3 and 5 are abutted against an abutment (not shown) provided on the base body 9. Each member 3, 5 is positioned, and each member 3, 5 is fixed to a predetermined portion of the base body 9 by a clamper (not shown) configured to include a clamp member and a fastening member such as a screw or a cylinder. It is designed to be installed integrally with the base body 9 at a position.

  Further, in the member installation process, a backing metal 14 is installed below the butting portion 13 of each member 3, 5. The upper surface of the backing metal 14 is in contact with the abutting portion 13 of each member 3, 5, and the lower surface of the backing metal 14 is in contact with the base body 9. In addition, the structure which does not use the backing metal 14 may be sufficient.

  The friction stir welding tool 1 is made of, for example, hardened tool steel, and includes a cylindrical tool body 15 and a probe 8. The probe 8 is formed, for example, in a male screw shape having an outer diameter of about 5 mm in order to stir the members 3 and 5.

  The outer diameter of the probe 8 is smaller than the outer diameter of the tool main body 15. The probe 8 protrudes from one circular end surface (lower surface) of the tool main body 15. The central axis C1 of the tool body 15 and the central axis C1 of the probe 8 are coincident with each other. A step is formed at the boundary between the tool main body 15 and the probe 8, and this step is a shoulder (shoulder portion) 17 of the friction stir welding tool 1.

  Further, the friction stir welding tool 1 is positioned above the members 3 and 5 in the member installation state, the probe 8 is on the lower side, the tool main body 15 is on the upper side, and the central axis C1 extends in the vertical direction, for example. doing. The friction stir welding tool 1 rotates around the central axis C1.

  Further, the friction stir welding tool 1 is provided with a direction (Z-axis direction) orthogonal to a surface on which the members 3 and 5 of the base body 9 are installed, and the members 3 and 5 of the base body 9. It can be moved and positioned relative to the members 3 and 5 in the member installation state in the surface development direction (X-axis direction and Y-axis direction).

  In the friction stir welding process, after the members 3 and 5 are installed in the member installation process, the friction stir welding tool 1 is rotated at a predetermined speed, and the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved downward to be used for friction stir welding. The probe 8 of the tool 1 is inserted into the members 3 and 5 (predetermined portions of the butting portion 13).

  Then, the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved at a predetermined speed in the extending direction of the abutting portions 13 of the members 3 and 5 while the rotation and penetration are maintained (moves along the abutting portions 13). Thus, the members 3 and 5 are friction stir welded to the butting portion 13.

  Here, the friction stir welding process will be further described. In this description, it is assumed that the contact members 19 and 21 (see FIG. 8) described later are not used.

  In the state after the members 3 and 5 are installed in the member installation step and before the friction stir welding step is performed (friction stir welding preparation state), the friction stir welding tool 1 is set at the start position of the friction stir welding. By the way, it is located above the members 3 and 5 in the member installation state, and is slightly separated from the members 3 and 5.

  In the friction stir welding preparation state, the friction stir welding tool 1 is lowered to a predetermined position while the friction stir welding tool 1 is rotated. By descending to this predetermined position, the probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 penetrates into the butted portions of the members 3 and 5 at the friction stir welding start position. Also by this penetration, the lower end of the probe 8 is positioned about 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm above the lower surfaces of the members 3 and 5.

  In addition to the penetration of the probe 8, the shoulder portion 17 of the friction stir welding tool 1 is in contact with the upper surface of each member 3, 5 with a predetermined urging force by lowering to the predetermined position.

  In the state where the penetration is performed, the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved along the abutting portions 13 of the members 3 and 5 to the end position of the friction stir welding. By this movement, the joint portion 7 is formed between the start position and the end position of the friction stir welding in the butting portion 13 of each member, and the friction stir welding between the members 3 and 5 is performed. Yes.

  In the tool moving process, after the friction stir welding tool 1 has been moved from the start position to the end position of the friction stir welding in the friction stir welding process, the moving direction in the friction stir welding process (matching of the members 3, 5) The friction stir welding tool 1 is slightly moved in a direction different from the extending direction of the central axis C1 of the friction stir welding tool 1.

  The movement of the friction stir welding tool 1 in the tool moving step reduces the force required to pull the friction stir welding tool 1 upward from the end position of the friction stir welding of the butting portions 13 of the members 3 and 5. Made for.

  Further, in the tool moving process, the shoulder portion 17 of the friction stir welding tool 1 is in contact with the members 3 and 5 and presses the members 3 and 5 in the same manner as in the friction stir welding process. The friction stir welding tool 1 is moved in the horizontal direction. However, the friction stir welding tool 1 is slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal direction (for example, the horizontal direction and the Z-axis upward direction in which the friction stir welding tool 1 is pulled out of the members 3 and 5 are combined). Direction).

  In the tool moving process, the friction stir welding tool 1 is slightly shifted from the end position of the moving stroke of the friction stir welding process (end position of the friction stir welding), so that a part of the side surface of the probe 8 and each member 3, 5 A gap is formed for a short time.

  In the probe removing step, the concave portion (the portion recessed downward) formed in the members 3 and 5 by the probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 immediately after the tool 1 for moving the friction stir welding is slightly moved in the tool moving step. ), The probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved to the members 3 and 5 in a direction away from the respective members 3 and 5 in the member installation state (moved upward). Unplug from.

  In the probe removal step, the probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 is not removed from the members 3 and 5 immediately after the friction stir welding tool 1 is slightly moved in the tool moving step, but in the tool moving step. During the movement of the friction stir welding tool 1, the probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 may be removed from the members 3 and 5.

  Here, the tool moving process will be described in detail with an example.

  In the tool moving process, as shown in FIG. 3, after the friction stir welding tool 1 has been moved in the friction stir welding process, the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved in the direction opposite to the moving direction in the friction stir welding process. To do.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the friction stir welding tool 1 that has moved in the direction indicated by the arrow A13 in the friction stir welding step is stopped at the end position P1 of the friction stir welding. Immediately after stopping, it moves in the reverse direction (direction indicated by arrow A14) by a slight distance L1 (eg, about 0.1 mm, but may be any value between 0.1 mm and 3.0 mm). (See FIG. 3B). Immediately after this movement, it moves by a slight distance L2 in the same direction as the arrow A13 (the direction indicated by the arrow A15) (see FIG. 3C). Immediately after this movement, the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved upward and extracted from the members 3 and 5 in the probe removal step.

  The direction indicated by arrow A12 in FIG. 3 is the rotational direction of the friction stir welding tool 1, and the distance L2 is smaller than the distance L1.

  In addition, the friction stir welding tool 1 may be removed from the members 3 and 5 by movement only by the distance L1 (immediately after moving once in the opposite direction), not by movement only by the distance L1 and distance L2. Further, after reciprocating three or more times, the friction stir welding tool 1 may be extracted from the members 3 and 5. In this case, it is desirable to gradually shorten the moving distance according to the number of reciprocations.

  Further, when the friction stir welding tool 1 has a tilt angle (tilt angle), the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved in the extending direction of the central axis C1 of the friction stir welding tool 1 in the probe removing step. It is desirable to extract the friction stir welding tool 1 from the members 3 and 5.

  Further, in the above description shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the friction stir welding tool 1 is linearly moved in the friction stir welding step, but the joining portion may be curved or bent and formed in a curved shape. is there. In this case, the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved along the curve in the friction stir welding step, and the tool moving step is different from the moving direction immediately before the end of the movement in the friction stir welding step, and the friction stir welding is performed. The friction stir welding tool 1 is slightly moved in a direction different from the extending direction of the central axis of the tool.

  More specifically, in the tool moving process, after the friction stir welding tool has been moved in the friction stir welding process, the friction stir welding tool is moved in the direction opposite to the movement direction immediately before the end of the movement in the friction stir welding process. For example, in the friction stir welding process, the tool moves along the movement path of the friction stir welding tool.

  According to the friction stir welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the friction stir welding tool 1 before the recess formed in the members 3 and 5 is filled by the probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 in the probe removing step. Since the probe 8 is extracted from the members 3 and 5, the stress generated when the probe 8 is extracted from the members 3 and 5 can be reduced, and the friction stir welding tool 1 is damaged (in particular, the probe 8 is removed from the members 3 and 5). Breakage of the probe 8 when it is pulled out from 5).

  Moreover, according to the friction stir welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved in the direction opposite to the moving direction in the friction stir welding step in the tool moving step, The contact surface between the probe 8 and the members 3 and 5 in the moving direction of the friction stir welding tool 1 can be reduced, and the friction stir welding tool 1 can be prevented from being damaged.

  The test results of the friction stir welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional friction stir welding method will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 6A shows the force (maximum tensile load) required to extract the friction stir welding tool 1 from the members 3 and 5 and the probe when the conventional friction stir welding method is performed under various conditions 1 to 5. 8 shows the stress (estimated stress) generated in FIG. In FIG. 6A, the maximum tensile load is 35 kN to 46 kN, and the maximum estimated stress is 1783 MPa to 2344 MPa.

  FIG. 6B shows the force (maximum) required to extract the friction stir welding tool 1 from the members 3 and 5 when the friction stir welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention is performed under the above conditions 1 to 5. (Tensile load) and stress (estimated stress) generated in the probe 8 are shown. In FIG. 6B, the maximum tensile load is 7 kN to 8 kN, and the maximum estimated stress is 79 MPa to 83 MPa.

  In the method A1 of FIG. 6B, the rotational speed and the feed speed (movement speed) of the friction stir welding tool 1 are the same as those in the condition 1 of FIG. 6A, and the distance shown in FIG. L1 is 1 mm, and the distance L2 shown in FIG. 3 is 0.5 mm.

  In the method A3 of FIG. 6B, the rotational speed and the feed speed (movement speed) of the friction stir welding tool 1 are the same as those in the condition 3 of FIG. 6A, and the distance L1 shown in FIG. The distance L2 shown in FIG. 3 is 0.5 mm.

  In the method A5 of FIG. 6B, the rotational speed and the feed speed (movement speed) of the friction stir welding tool 1 are the same as those in the condition 5 of FIG. 6A, and the distance L1 shown in FIG. The distance L2 shown in FIG. 3 is 0.5 mm.

  Details of the methods B2 and B4 in FIG. 6B will be described later.

  FIG. 7A shows a load generated in the friction stir welding tool 1 in the Z-axis direction by the conventional friction stir welding method. In FIG. 7A, a maximum load of 45 kN is generated when the friction stir welding tool 1 is extracted from the members 3 and 5, and at this time, the maximum stress generated in the probe 8 is 2293 MPa. With this stress, there is a high risk of breakage even in tool steel.

  FIG. 7B shows a load generated in the friction stir welding tool 1 in the Z-axis direction in the friction stir welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7B, a maximum load of 8 kN is generated when the friction stir welding tool 1 is extracted from the members 3 and 5, and at this time, the maximum stress generated in the probe 8 is reduced by 82%. Yes.

  Next, another embodiment of the tool moving step will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the tool moving process of another embodiment, after the friction stir welding tool 1 has been moved in the friction stir welding process, the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved along an arc.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4A, the friction stir welding tool 1 that has moved in the direction indicated by the arrow A13 in the friction stir welding process is stopped at the end position P1 of the friction stir welding. Immediately after the stop, it moves along the arc (for one circumference as shown by arrow A16) (see FIG. 4B). Immediately after this movement, it moves a slight distance in the direction opposite to the direction indicated by arrow A13 (the direction indicated by arrow A17) (see FIG. 4C). Immediately after this movement, the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved upward and extracted from the members 3 and 5. In addition, the direction shown by arrow A12 in FIG. 4 is the rotation direction of the tool 1 for friction stir welding.

  The radius of the arc indicated by the arrow A16 is larger than the radius of the probe 8 (for example, about 0.1 mm larger), but larger than the radius of the probe 8 in the range of 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm. It may be. The moving distance indicated by the arrow A17 is substantially equal to the radius of the probe 8. Further, the rotational direction of the friction stir welding tool 1 (arrow A12) and the moving direction of the friction stir welding tool 1 in the tool moving process (arrow A16) are the same as each other in order to reduce the friction stir welding tool 1. Although they are in opposite directions, they may be in the same direction.

  Further, the friction stir welding tool 1 may be extracted from the members 3 and 5 in the probe pulling process by moving only the arrow A16. If the friction stir welding tool 1 has a tilt angle, the friction stir welding is performed. It is desirable to move the friction stir welding tool 1 in the extending direction of the central axis C1 of the tool 1 and extract the friction stir welding tool 1 from the members 3 and 5 in the probe removing step.

  According to the method shown in FIG. 4, since the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved along the arc in the tool moving step, the contact surface between the probe 8 and the members 3 and 5 can be reduced, and the friction stir welding can be performed. The tool 1 can be prevented from being damaged.

  In the methods B2 and B4 in FIG. 6B, the rotational speed and the feed speed (movement speed) of the friction stir welding tool 1 are the same as the conditions 2 and 4 in FIG. In FIG. 4B, the radius of the arc indicated by the arrow A16 is 0.5 mm larger than the radius of the probe 8.

  Next, a friction stir welding method according to a modification will be described with reference to FIG.

  The friction stir welding method according to the modification is different from the friction stir welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention described above in that the contact members 19 and 21 are used, and other points are the same as those in the embodiment of the present invention described above. This is almost the same as the friction stir welding method.

  That is, in the member installation process of the friction stir welding method according to the modification, the friction stir welding in the friction stir welding process is performed in the extending direction of the abutting portion 13 of each member 3 and 5 together with the installation of the members 3 and 5. The first end side contact member 19 located on the extension line in the extending direction of the butting portion 13 of each member 3, 5 is provided at the end on the first end side in the moving direction of the tool 1 for use.

  In the friction stir welding process, the probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 is penetrated by the initial end side abutting member 19, and after this penetration, the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved from the initial end side abutting member 19 to each member 3. Move to 5.

  Moreover, in the member installation process of the friction stir welding method according to the modified example, the friction stir welding in the friction stir welding process is performed in the extending direction of the butted portion 13 of each member 3 and 5 together with the installation of the members 3 and 5. The end side abutting member 21 located on the extension line of the extending direction of the butting part 13 of each of the members 3 and 5 is provided at the end of the tool 1 in the moving direction.

  Then, in the friction stir welding step, the probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 is moved to the end side contact member 21. The contact members 19 and 21 are made of the same material as the members 3 and 5 and have the same thickness.

  Further, in the tool moving step, the friction stir welding tool 1 is slightly moved at the end side contact member 21. In the probe removal step, the friction stir welding tool 1 is removed at the end side contact member 21.

  After the friction stir welding tool 1 is pulled out from the end-side contact member 21 in the probe removing step, the initial end-side contact member 19 and the end-side contact member 21 are separated from the members 3 and 5 by cutting or the like.

  According to the friction stir welding method according to the modified example, since the initial end side contact member 19 and the end side contact member 21 are used, the joints 7 of the members 3 and 5 are formed by the probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1. While being able to prevent a recessed part remaining, the junction part 7 can be formed over the full length of the butt | matching part 13 of each member 3 and 5. FIG.

  Here, the friction stir welding apparatus 31 for executing the friction stir welding method according to the embodiment and the modification of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The friction stir welding apparatus 31 includes a base body 9, a friction stir welding tool installation body 33, and a control unit 35. Further, the friction stir welding apparatus 31 is constituted by, for example, a general-purpose machine tool, and the friction stir welding tool 1 is held on the main shaft 47 via an attachment (not shown).

  The base body 9 is movably engaged with the bed 37 in the X-axis direction, and can be moved and positioned in the X-axis direction by an actuator such as a servo motor (not shown).

  On the upper surface of the base body 9, the end surface 3 </ b> A of the first member 3 and the end surface 5 </ b> A of the second member 5 are abutted with each other, so that the members 3 and 5 are installed integrally. .

  The friction stir welding tool installation body 33 can be moved and positioned relative to the base body 9, and the friction stir welding tool installation body 33 can rotate the friction stir welding tool 1. It is to be installed.

  More specifically, two support columns 39 stand up from the bed 37, and the upper ends of the pair of support columns 39 are connected by a beam 41.

  A moving body 43 is provided on the beam 41. The moving body 43 is engaged with the beam 41 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction, and can be moved and positioned in the Y-axis direction by an actuator such as a servo motor (not shown).

  The friction stir welding tool installation body 33 includes a housing 45 and a main shaft 47. The moving body 43 is provided with a housing 45. The housing 45 is engaged with the moving body 43 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, and can be moved and positioned in the Z-axis direction by an actuator such as a servo motor (not shown).

  The main shaft 47 is rotatably provided in the housing 45 inside the housing 45, and is rotated by an actuator such as a servo motor (not shown).

  As described above, the friction stir welding tool 1 is provided integrally with the main shaft 47 via the attachment, and is rotated about the central axis C1 by the rotation of the main shaft 47.

  The control unit 35 includes a memory 49 and a CPU 51, and controls the friction stir welding tool installation body 33 as shown below by an operation program stored in the memory 49 in advance. Yes.

  The friction stir welding tool 1 installed on the friction stir welding tool installation body 33 is rotated so that the probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 penetrates the members 3 and 5 and the friction stir welding tool 1 is attached to each member 3. , 5 are moved in the extending direction of the butting portions 13 to frictionally join the members 3 and 5 to each other. After the friction stir welding is completed by the movement of the friction stir welding tool 1, the friction stir welding is performed in a direction different from the extending direction of the butting portion 13 and different from the extending direction of the central axis C1 of the friction stir welding tool 1. Move tool 1. The probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 is attached to the member 3 during this movement or before the recess formed in the members 3 and 5 is filled by the probe 8 of the friction stir welding tool 1 after completing this movement. , 5.

  By the way, in the said description, the case where the junction part 7 formed so that a part of side surface of the 1st member 3 and a part of side surface of the 2nd member 5 face each other is mentioned as an example. However, a part of the back surface of the first member 3 and a part of the surface of the second member 5 are overlapped with each other to form a joint 7, and the joint 7 is friction-stirred in the form described above. You may make it join.

  Further, as in the case of forming a cylindrical pipe by bending a flat plate into an arc shape, for example, a part of the side surface of one member and the other part of the side surface of the one member are brought into contact with each other. 7 may be formed, and the joint 7 may be friction stir welded in the form described above.

  That is, the above-described friction stir welding method is a friction stir welding method in which the joint portion of the member is joined using the tool for friction stir welding, and the member installation step of installing the member so that the joint portion is formed. And after the members are installed in the member installation step, the friction stir welding tool is rotated, a probe of the friction stir welding tool is inserted into the joint, and the friction stir welding tool is joined to the joint. A friction stir welding process for friction stir welding the joint by moving along the part, and the movement in the friction stir welding process after moving the friction stir welding tool in the friction stir welding process A tool moving step of moving the friction stir welding tool in a direction different from the moving direction immediately before the end and different from the extending direction of the central axis of the friction stir welding tool; and the tool moving step Immediately after moving the friction stir welding tool or during the movement of the friction stir welding tool in the tool moving step, a probe removing step of removing the probe of the friction stir welding tool from the member; You may grasp as a friction stir welding method which has.

  Further, the friction stir welding apparatus described above is a friction stir welding apparatus that joins the joint portions of members using a friction stir welding tool, and the base on which the members are installed so that the joint portions are formed. A friction stir welding tool installation body that is movable relative to the body and relative to the base body and in which the friction stir welding tool is rotatably installed, and is installed in the friction stir welding tool installation body The friction stir welding tool is rotated to penetrate the probe of the friction stir welding tool into the joint of the member, and the friction stir welding tool is moved along the joint to move the joints to each other. After the friction stir welding, and after the friction stir welding is completed by the movement of the friction stir welding tool, the moving direction is different from the moving direction immediately before the end of the movement in the friction stir welding process, and for the friction stir welding The friction stir welding tool is moved in a direction different from the extending direction of the central axis of the tool, and is formed on the member by the probe of the friction stir welding tool during or after the movement. It may be grasped as a friction stir welding apparatus having a control unit for controlling the friction stir welding tool installation body so that the probe of the friction stir welding tool is pulled out of the member before the concave portion is filled.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Friction stir welding tool 3 1st member 3A End surface (butting surface) of 1st member
5 Second member 5A End surface (butting surface) of second member
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 8 Probe 19 Initial end side contact member 21 Terminal end side contact member 31 Friction stir welding apparatus 33 Friction stir welding tool installation body 35 Control part C1 Center axis of friction stir welding tool

Claims (8)

In the friction stir welding method for joining the joints of the members using the friction stir welding tool,
Rotating the friction stir welding tool, penetrating the probe of the friction stir welding tool into the joint, and moving the friction stir welding tool along the joint to friction stir the joint A friction stir welding process for joining;
After moving the friction stir welding tool in the friction stir welding process, and different from the moving direction immediately before the end of movement in the friction stir welding process, and the direction of extension of the central axis of the friction stir welding tool A tool moving step of moving the friction stir welding tool in different directions;
Immediately after moving the friction stir welding tool in the tool moving step, or while moving the friction stir welding tool in the tool moving step, the probe of the friction stir welding tool is removed from the member. A probe removal process to remove,
A friction stir welding method characterized by comprising: In the friction stir welding method for joining the first member and the second member to each other using the friction stir welding tool,
A member installation step of installing the end surface of the first member and the end surface of the second member in abutment with each other;
After each member is installed in the member installation step, the friction stir welding tool is rotated, the probe of the friction stir welding tool is inserted into each member, and the friction stir welding tool is inserted into each member. By moving in the extending direction of the mating part, a friction stir welding step for friction stir welding the members to each other;
After moving the friction stir welding tool in the friction stir welding process, and different from the moving direction immediately before the end of movement in the friction stir welding process, and the direction of extension of the central axis of the friction stir welding tool A tool moving step of moving the friction stir welding tool in different directions;
Immediately after moving the friction stir welding tool in the tool moving step, or while moving the friction stir welding tool in the tool moving step, the probe of the friction stir welding tool is removed from the member. A probe removal process to remove,
A friction stir welding method characterized by comprising: In the friction stir welding method according to claim 1 or 2,
In the tool moving step, after the friction stir welding tool has been moved in the friction stir welding step, the friction stir welding tool is moved in a direction opposite to the moving direction immediately before the end of the movement in the friction stir welding step. A friction stir welding method, characterized by comprising: In the friction stir welding method according to claim 1 or 2,
The tool moving step is a step of moving the friction stir welding tool along an arc after moving the friction stir welding tool in the friction stir welding step. . In the friction stir welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
In the member installation step, along with the installation of each member, the end of the friction stir welding tool moving direction in the friction stir welding step in the extending direction of the butted portion of each member, It is a step of providing a terminal side abutting member (21) located on an extension line in the extending direction of the butted portion of each member,
The friction stir welding step is a step of moving the probe of the friction stir welding tool to the terminal contact member,
The tool moving step is a step of moving the friction stir welding tool at the terminal end contact member,
The friction stir welding method, wherein the probe removing step is a step of removing the friction stir welding tool at the terminal side contact member. In the friction stir welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
In the member installation step, along with the installation of each member, in the extending direction of the butt portion of each member, and at the end on the initial end side in the moving direction of the friction stir welding tool in the friction stir welding step, A step of providing an initial end side contact member (19) located on an extension line in the extending direction of the butted portion of each member,
The friction stir welding method is characterized in that the friction stir welding step is a step of penetrating the probe of the friction stir welding tool with the first end side contact member. In the friction stir welding apparatus that joins the joints of the members using the friction stir welding tool,
A base body on which the member is installed such that the joint is formed;
A friction stir welding tool installation body that is movable and positionable relative to the base body, and the friction stir welding tool is rotatably installed;
The friction stir welding tool installed on the friction stir welding tool installation body is rotated to penetrate the probe of the friction stir welding tool into the joint of the member, and the friction stir welding tool is moved along the joint. The joints are friction stir welded to each other by moving, and after finishing the friction stir welding by the movement of the friction stir welding tool, different from the moving direction immediately before the end of the movement in the friction stir welding, and The friction stir welding tool is moved in a direction different from the extending direction of the central axis of the friction stir welding tool, and the probe of the friction stir welding tool is moved during or after the movement. A controller that controls the friction stir welding tool installation body so that the probe of the friction stir welding tool is pulled out of the member before the concave portion formed in the member is filled;
A friction stir welding apparatus comprising: In the friction stir welding apparatus that joins the first member and the second member to each other using the friction stir welding tool,
A base body on which the end surface of the first member and the end surface of the second member are butted against each other, and each member is installed;
A friction stir welding tool installation body that is movable and positionable relative to the base body, and the friction stir welding tool is rotatably installed;
The friction stir welding tool installed on the friction stir welding tool installation body is rotated so that the probe of the friction stir welding tool penetrates into each member, and the friction stir welding tool is attached to the butt portion of each member. The members are friction stir welded to each other by moving in the stretching direction, and after the friction stir welding is finished by moving the friction stir welding tool, the friction stir is different from the stretching direction of the butt portion The friction stir welding tool is moved in a direction different from the extending direction of the central axis of the welding tool, and formed on the member by the probe of the friction stir welding tool during or after the movement. A controller that controls the friction stir welding tool installation body so that the probe of the friction stir welding tool is pulled out of the member before the recessed portion is filled;
A friction stir welding apparatus comprising:

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