JP2017205738A - Nozzle for dispersion device, dispersion device with the same nozzle, and dispersion method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nozzle for a dispersion device capable of easily forming a nozzle configuration capable of dispersing dispersoid more finely, the dispersion device with the same nozzle, and a dispersion method.SOLUTION: A nozzle 16A for a dispersion device for dispersing dispersoid contained in a processed liquid, by passing the processed liquid through a nozzle 16A, comprises: a base plate 26 in which a first nozzle hole 28 is formed; a superposed plate 30, which is arranged superposing on the base plate 26, and in which a second nozzle hole 32 is formed; wherein the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 are partially overlapped with each other to form an orifice part 34 having a distance between inner surfaces at an x side in a first axis orthogonal to a moving direction F of the processed liquid, longer than a distance between inner surfaces at a Y side in a second axis orthogonal to the moving direction F and the first axis X.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a nozzle for a dispersing device, a dispersing device including the nozzle, and a dispersing method.

  For example, an apparatus that finely disperses solid matter as a dispersoid imparts a shearing force to the treatment liquid containing the solid matter, and finely disperses the solid matter by the shearing force (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). In the dispersion device of Patent Document 1, an ejection hole whose cross section is larger than that of the orifice portion is formed on the downstream side of the orifice portion. The dispersion device of Patent Document 2 disperses carbon nanotubes by passing a treatment liquid containing carbon nanotubes, a benign ionic surfactant, and a polar solvent through an orifice at high pressure and high speed.

JP-A-60-168554 JP 2015-13772 A

  In order to give a large shearing force to the solid material in the nozzle, it is effective to use a treatment liquid having a high viscosity containing the solid material or a nozzle having a small nozzle diameter. However, when a treatment liquid having a high viscosity or a nozzle having a small nozzle diameter is used, there is a problem that the solid matter is clogged with the nozzle. The nozzle is usually formed by providing fine holes in a hard material such as diamond or polycrystalline diamond, but it is not easy to form a hole having a desired shape in the hard material.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a nozzle for a dispersing device that can easily form a nozzle capable of finely dispersing a dispersoid, a dispersing device including the nozzle, and a dispersing method.

  The nozzle for a dispersing device according to the present invention is a dispersing device that disperses the dispersoid contained in the processing liquid when the pressurized processing liquid passes through the nozzle, and the nozzle has a first nozzle hole formed therein. A reference plate and a laminated plate provided on the reference plate and formed with a second nozzle hole, and the first nozzle hole and the second nozzle hole partially overlap each other, An orifice is formed in which the distance between the inner surfaces on the first axis side perpendicular to the liquid traveling direction is longer than the distance between the inner surface on the second axis perpendicular to the traveling direction and the first axis.

  A dispersion apparatus according to the present invention includes the above-described dispersion apparatus nozzle.

  The dispersion method according to the present invention is the dispersion liquid manufacturing method in which the dispersoid contained in the treatment liquid is dispersed by passing the pressurized treatment liquid through the nozzle, and the nozzle has the first nozzle hole formed. And a reference plate provided on the reference plate so as to overlap with the second nozzle hole, and the first nozzle hole and the second nozzle hole partially overlap each other, An orifice is formed in which the distance between the inner surfaces on the first axis side perpendicular to the traveling direction of the processing liquid is longer than the distance between the inner surface on the second axis perpendicular to the traveling direction and the first axis. .

  According to the present invention, the nozzle is formed by partially overlapping the first nozzle hole formed in the reference plate and the second nozzle hole formed in the mating plate, so that the distance between the first shaft side inner surfaces is An orifice portion that is longer than the distance between the inner surfaces on the second shaft side can be easily formed.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the dispersion apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the nozzle which concerns on this embodiment. It is a front view which shows the structure of the nozzle which concerns on this embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the nozzle which concerns on this embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the nozzle which concerns on a modification (1). It is a front view which shows the structure of the nozzle which concerns on a modification (1). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the nozzle which concerns on a modification (1). It is a front view which shows the structure of the nozzle which concerns on a modification (2). It is a front view which shows the structure of the nozzle which concerns on a modification (3).

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(overall structure)
The dispersion apparatus 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a compressor 12, a processing liquid supply unit 14, a nozzle 16A, and a cooling unit 18. A processing liquid supply unit 14 is connected to the compressor 12 via a check valve 22. The compressor 12 is connected to the power 20, and the discharge port is connected to one side of the compression pipe 21. The other side of the compression pipe 21 is connected to the entrance of the nozzle 16A. The outlet of the nozzle 16 </ b> A is connected to one side of the discharge pipe 23. The other side of the discharge pipe 23 is connected to the cooling unit 18. The dispersing device 10 is formed so that the processing liquid supplied from the processing liquid supply unit 14 can disperse the dispersoid contained in the processing liquid by passing through the nozzle 16A.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, the nozzle 16 </ b> A includes a reference plate 26 and a mating plate 30. The reference plate 26 and the laminated plate 30 are made of a hard material, for example, diamond, and are constituted by disk-shaped members. A first nozzle hole 28 and a second nozzle hole 32 are formed in the reference plate 26 and the laminated plate 30 in the thickness direction, respectively. The 1st nozzle hole 28 and the 2nd nozzle hole 32 are circular, Comprising: A position and a magnitude | size are not specifically limited. In the case of the present embodiment, the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 are formed at positions shifted from the centers of the reference plate 26 and the mating plate 30, respectively, and have the same inner diameter. The inner diameters of the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 can be set to 50 μm to 10 mm, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the nozzle 16 </ b> A is formed by coaxially overlapping a reference plate 26 and a laminated plate 30. The orifice part 34 is formed by overlapping the reference plate 26 and the laminated plate 30. That is, the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 partially overlap to form an orifice portion 34 that opens in the thickness direction. The orifice part 34 is formed finer than the inner diameter of the compression pipe 21. In this figure, the traveling direction of the processing liquid is F, the first axis orthogonal to the traveling direction F is X, and the second axis orthogonal to the traveling direction F and the first axis X is Y.

  The orifice portion 34 has an opening arranged in parallel with the traveling direction F of the processing liquid, and the distance D (maximum length) between the first axis X side inner surfaces is the distance H (minimum length) between the second axis Y side inner surfaces. ) Is formed longer. The distance D between the first axis X-side inner surfaces can be, for example, 50 to 300 μm, preferably 50 to 200 μm. The ratio D / H between the distance D between the inner surfaces on the first axis X side and the distance H between the inner surfaces on the second axis Y side is greater than 1, preferably 1.5 to 16, more preferably 2 to 8, and further Preferably it can be set to 2-4.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the orifice portion 34 is formed on the contact surface (hereinafter referred to as “boundary”) between the reference plate 26 and the laminated plate 30. The orifice part 34 is connected to the first nozzle hole 28 on the upstream side of the orifice part 34 and to the second nozzle hole 32 on the downstream side. In other words, the nozzle 16A is formed with an orifice portion 34 having a distance D between the inner surfaces on the first axis X side longer than a distance H between the inner surfaces on the second axis Y side only at the boundary, and passes through the orifice portion 34. In doing so, the greatest shear force acts on the treatment liquid.

(Operation and effect)
Next, the operation and effect of the dispersion apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described. First, the processing liquid is charged into the processing liquid supply unit 14. The treatment liquid includes a dispersion medium and a solid as a dispersoid. From the viewpoint of obtaining a large shearing force, the treatment liquid preferably has a viscosity exceeding 1 (mPa · s), and more preferably exceeds 100 (mPa · s).

  Examples of the dispersion medium include a resin as a coating film formed product and a solvent. For example, the dispersion medium may be made of polyimide (PI) as a resin and NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) as a solvent. The dispersion medium may be made of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a resin and water as a solvent. Further, the dispersion medium may be made of polyamideimide (PAI) as a resin and NMP as a solvent.

  As the solid material, a member having an aspect ratio exceeding 10 such as CNT, carbon nanofiber, silver nanowire, inorganic nanotube, cellulose nanofiber, and carbon fiber can be used. Further, it is preferable to use a solid having an aspect ratio exceeding 50. In this case, the solid is, for example, 10 nm in diameter × 0.5 μm in length.

  The compressor 12 is driven by the connected power 20 to push out the processing liquid supplied from the processing liquid supply unit 14. The extruded processing liquid reaches the nozzle 16 </ b> A through the compression pipe 21. The processing liquid that has reached the nozzle 16 </ b> A passes through the first nozzle hole 28, the orifice portion 34, and the second nozzle hole 32 in this order. Since the orifice portion 34 has a finer flow path than the compression pipe 21, the pressure of the processing liquid becomes 10 to 200 MPa immediately before the orifice portion 34.

  The processing liquid becomes a high-speed flow when passing through the orifice portion 34. By passing through the orifice part 34, the treatment liquid receives a large shearing force. The solid contained in the treatment liquid is more finely dispersed by the shearing force. In this way, a dispersion in which the solid matter is more finely dispersed is produced. The dispersion immediately after passing through the orifice part 34 has a high temperature. The dispersion apparatus 10 can supply the dispersion liquid to the cooling unit 18 through the discharge pipe 23, cool the dispersion liquid to a predetermined temperature, and then discharge the dispersion liquid.

  In the case of the present embodiment, the orifice portion 34 is formed in an oval shape, so that the flow velocity distribution differs between the first axis X and the second axis Y. That is, on the first axis X, the flow velocity is substantially constant throughout the orifice portion 34. Therefore, the treatment liquid has a low shear rate (also referred to as a velocity gradient) in the vicinity of the first axis X. The treatment liquid receives a small shear force in a region where the shear rate is low, that is, in the vicinity of a plane parallel to the plane including the first axis X and the traveling direction F. Therefore, the solid contained in the treatment liquid smoothly passes through the orifice 34 without clogging in the vicinity of a plane parallel to the plane including the first axis X and the traveling direction F.

  On the other hand, in the second axis Y, the flow velocity is faster at the center of the orifice portion 34. That is, the treatment liquid has a high shear rate in the vicinity of the second axis Y. The treatment liquid and the solid contained in the treatment liquid are subjected to a large shear force in a region where a high shear rate is generated (high shear rate region), that is, in the vicinity of a plane parallel to the plane including the second axis Y and the traveling direction F. The solid matter is more finely dispersed by the shearing force in the high shear rate region.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the solid matter that has reached the inlet of the orifice 34 is more finely dispersed by receiving a large shearing force in the vicinity of a plane parallel to the plane including the second axis Y and the traveling direction F. To do. Even if the solid matter is clogged in the flow path of the orifice part 34 by receiving a large shearing force, the solid substance can smoothly pass through the orifice part 34 by changing the direction in the direction parallel to the first axis X. Can do.

  As described above, the orifice portion 34 is a surface parallel to the plane including the first axis X and the traveling direction F while giving a large shearing force to the treatment liquid in the vicinity of the plane parallel to the plane including the second axis Y and the traveling direction F. In the vicinity, since the shearing force applied to the processing liquid is small, the processing liquid is passed smoothly.

  Therefore, the dispersion apparatus 10 can disperse the solid matter more finely while preventing the solid matter contained in the processing liquid from clogging the flow path as the whole orifice portion 34.

  In the case of this embodiment, the nozzle 16 </ b> A forms the orifice portion 34 by partially overlapping the first nozzle hole 28 formed in the reference plate 26 and the second nozzle hole 32 formed in the mating plate 30. did. By combining the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32, the nozzle 16 </ b> A can easily form the orifice portion 34 in which the distance D between the first axis X side inner surfaces is longer than the distance H between the second axis Y side inner surfaces. Can be formed.

  The first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 are formed at positions shifted from the centers of the reference plate 26 and the laminated plate 30, respectively. Therefore, by rotating the laminated plate 30 in the circumferential direction with respect to the reference plate 26, the opening area of the orifice portion 34 and the ratio D / H can be appropriately selected. Therefore, the nozzle 16A can easily form the desired orifice portion 34 in accordance with the solid matter or the dispersoid.

  In addition, when the orifice portion 34 is worn due to aging and the inner diameter becomes large, the position where the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 overlap by rotating the mating plate 30 in the circumferential direction with respect to the reference plate 26. By appropriately adjusting the ratio, the desired opening area and ratio D / H can be easily obtained, so that the solid matter can be more finely dispersed.

  The nozzle 16A can expose the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 having an inner diameter larger than that of the orifice portion 34 by separating the reference plate 26 and the mating plate 30, so that maintenance such as cleaning can be easily performed. can do.

  The nozzle 16A is formed with an orifice portion 34 having a distance D between the inner surfaces on the first axis X side longer than a distance H between the inner surfaces on the second axis Y side only at the boundary. A downstream side of the first nozzle hole 28 is connected to the second nozzle hole 32. The nozzle 16A has a short depth of the orifice portion 34 and can reduce pressure loss generated in the processing liquid, thereby preventing clogging and allowing the processing liquid to pass more smoothly.

(Modification)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

  In the case of the above embodiment, the nozzle 16A has been described as being formed by the reference plate 26 and the single laminated plate 30. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of laminated plates may be provided. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the nozzle 16 </ b> B may be formed of a reference plate 26 and two laminated plates. In this case, the laminated plate includes a first laminated plate 31 and a second laminated plate 36. A second nozzle hole 33 is formed in the first mating plate 31, and a third nozzle hole 38 is formed in the second mating plate 36. As shown in FIG. 6, the nozzle 16 </ b> B includes a plurality of orifices having a distance D between the inner surfaces on the first axis X side longer than a distance H between the inner surfaces on the second axis Y side, i.e., the first orifice unit 34, Two orifice portions 40 are formed. As shown in FIG. 7, the first orifice portion 34 and the second orifice portion 40 are formed stepwise from the upstream in the process liquid traveling direction F. That is, the first orifice portion 34 is formed at the boundary between the reference plate 26 and the first mating plate 31, and the second orifice portion 40 is formed at the boundary between the first mating plate 31 and the second mating plate 36. The second orifice portion 40 is formed to have a smaller opening area than the first orifice portion 34. The first orifice portion 34 and the second orifice portion 40 may be selected so that the ratio D / H is different.

  The processing liquid passes through the nozzle 16B in the order of the first nozzle hole 28, the first orifice part 34, the second nozzle hole 33, the second orifice part 40, and the second nozzle hole 32 of the reference plate 26. Since the nozzle 16B allows the treatment liquid to be sheared in multiple stages by passing through the first orifice part 34 and the second orifice part 40, the solid matter can be finely dispersed more reliably. .

  Note that the method of combining the reference plate 26, the first alignment plate 31, and the second alignment plate 36 is not limited to the order shown in the figure, and can be changed as appropriate. The first mating plate 31 on the side and the second mating plate 36 on the other side may be arranged, or the first mating plate 31, the second mating plate 36, and the reference plate 26 may be arranged in this order. Also in this case, the orifice part is formed in the order of the first orifice part 34 and the second orifice part 40 from the upstream toward the traveling direction F in the processing liquid. Moreover, you may form a laminated board by 3 or more sheets.

  In the case of the above embodiment, the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 have been described as having the same inner diameter, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 may have different inner diameters. As shown in FIG. 8, the inner diameter of the first nozzle hole 42 may be formed larger than the inner diameter of the second nozzle hole 44. In the nozzle 16 </ b> C, the first nozzle hole 42 and the second nozzle hole 44 form an orifice portion 45 in which the distance D between the inner surfaces on the first axis X side is longer than the distance H between the inner surfaces on the second axis Y side. . Moreover, you may form the internal diameter of a 1st nozzle hole smaller than the internal diameter of a 2nd nozzle hole.

  In the case of the above-described embodiment, the case where the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 are formed one by one on the reference plate 26 and the laminated plate, respectively, but the present invention is not limited to this. There may be a plurality of both. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the nozzle 16 </ b> D has two first nozzle holes 46 and 48 and two second nozzle holes 50 and 52. Due to the two first nozzle holes 46 and 48 and the two second nozzle holes 50 and 52, the first distance D between the inner surfaces on the first axis X side is longer than the distance H between the inner surfaces on the second axis Y side. An orifice portion 53 and a second orifice portion 54 are formed. The first orifice portion 53 and the second orifice portion 54 are formed at the same boundary between the reference plate and the laminated plate. One or both of the first nozzle holes and the second nozzle holes may be three or more.

  In the case of the above embodiment, the case where the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 are formed at positions shifted from the centers of the reference plate 26 and the laminated plate 30, respectively, has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Instead, one of the first nozzle hole 28 and the second nozzle hole 32 may be formed at the center of the reference plate 26 or the laminated plate 30.

  The above embodiments and modifications can be implemented in combination as appropriate.

  In the case of the above embodiment, the case where a solid material is used as the dispersoid has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the dispersoid may be a liquid. The dispersion device can emulsify the treatment liquid in which the dispersion medium and the dispersoid are separated.

10 Dispersing device 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D Nozzle 26 Reference plate 28, 42, 46, 48 1st nozzle hole 30 Laminated plate 31 1st laminated plate (Laminated plate)
32, 33, 44, 50, 52 Second nozzle hole 34, 40, 45, 53, 54 Orifice portion 36 Second laminated plate (laminate plate)
38 Third nozzle hole F Traveling direction X First axis Y Second axis D First axis X side inner surface distance H Second axis Y side inner surface distance

Claims (8)

In the nozzle for the dispersing device that disperses the dispersoid contained in the processing liquid by passing the pressurized processing liquid through the nozzle,
A reference plate in which a first nozzle hole is formed;
A laminated plate provided on the reference plate and provided with a second nozzle hole;
Since the first nozzle hole and the second nozzle hole partially overlap each other, the distance between the inner surfaces on the first axis orthogonal to the traveling direction of the processing liquid is orthogonal to the traveling direction and the first axis. A nozzle for a dispersing device, wherein an orifice portion longer than a distance between inner surfaces of second shafts is formed. The nozzle for a dispersing device according to claim 1, wherein a position of the second nozzle hole with respect to the first nozzle hole is changeable. The dispersion device nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the first nozzle hole and the second nozzle hole have different sizes. The nozzle for a dispersing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reference plate and the mating plate have a disc shape and are arranged coaxially. The distance from the center of the reference plate to the center of the first nozzle hole is different from the distance from the center of the mating plate to the center of the second nozzle hole. nozzle. The laminating plate comprises a plurality of
The nozzle for a dispersion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the orifice portion is formed in a multistage shape toward the traveling direction of the processing liquid. A dispersion apparatus comprising the nozzle for a dispersion apparatus according to claim 1. In a dispersion method comprising a step of passing a pressurized treatment liquid through a nozzle and dispersing a dispersoid contained in the treatment liquid,
A reference plate in which a first nozzle hole is formed; and a laminated plate provided to overlap the reference plate and in which a second nozzle hole is formed, wherein the first nozzle hole and the second nozzle hole are partially So that the flow velocity of the entire nozzle is substantially constant in the first axis perpendicular to the traveling direction of the processing liquid, and the center of the nozzle in the second axis perpendicular to the traveling direction and the first axis. The dispersion method is characterized in that the treatment liquid is passed through the nozzle having a higher flow rate.

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