JP2017205034A - Power-type scale removing machine, and device and method for controlling dc brushless motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power-type scale removing machine that can suppress power loss and heat generation, ensures sufficient torque and can be manufactured at low cost.SOLUTION: A controller unit 2 of a power-type scale removing machine 1 includes: a switching power supply 21 with an output voltage being variable; and a voltage control unit 22 in which a first voltage being the lower limit of the output voltage is set in a variable range of a switching power supply 21, a specific voltage is output from the switching power supply 21 to the DC brushless motor 31 when the specific voltage for obtaining a rotational speed being set by a speed setting knob 23 with a DC brushless motor 31 is larger than the first voltage, and the first voltage is output by a PWM control method so that the rotational speed being set by the speed setting knob 23 may be obtained from the switching power supply 21 to the brushless motor 31 when the specific voltage is lower than the first voltage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a power-type scale remover, a DC brushless motor control device, and a DC brushless motor control method that can reduce power loss and heat generation and can continue work even when there is a disturbance load.

  The scaly removal process is the basis of preparation in fish dishes, but the manual scaly remover has a problem that the processing efficiency is low and the burden on the user is large. For the scale removal processing, a so-called power-type scale remover is also used in which a scale removal blade is driven to rotate electrically in order to reduce the burden of work when processing in large quantities. For example, as shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the power-type scale remover has a built-in DC motor as a drive source in the grip portion, and a scale cutter blade is detachably provided on the output shaft of the drive source. It has been known.

  By the way, generally, when a power-type scale remover is used, it is necessary to adjust the rotational speed of the drive source according to the type and size of the fish. For example, in the case of small fish such as small fish, amberjack, yellowtail, etc., the rotation speed is slow, and when the scale is large and hard, such as a large fish or shark, the rotation speed is increased. The rotation speed is set by the user using a speed setting knob attached to the controller unit of the power-type scale remover.

  In addition, since the rotational speed of the DC motor is determined according to the input voltage, it is necessary to input a specific voltage in order to obtain a desired set speed (hereinafter referred to as a specific speed necessary to obtain the desired set speed). Voltage is called intrinsic voltage.) For this reason, in a conventional power scale remover, an AC voltage from a household power source or a commercial power source (hereinafter referred to as an AC power source) is temporarily converted into a DC motor rated voltage using a transformer and an AC / DC converter. After conversion into a corresponding DC fixed voltage, as shown in FIG. 11, this fixed voltage is controlled to a specific voltage equivalent by the PWM control method for all the rotational speed ranges, so that a desired set speed is obtained. I was getting.

  However, since the conventional power scale remover uses the PWM control method for controlling the input voltage to the motor for all rotational speed ranges as described above, the power loss is large in the low rotational speed range. As a result, there was also heat generation inside the controller unit causing the failure of the electronic components, and sufficient torque could not be obtained at the head unit.

  For this reason, in the conventional power-type scale remover, the housing of the controller section is not completely sealed so that heat can be dissipated. It is difficult to provide a high level of waterproofness.

  In addition, as described above, since a large torque cannot be obtained, for example, a large scale or a hard scale may momentarily apply an unexpected high load to the scale-cutting blade, the motor may stop, and the user may stop. Was forced to interrupt the work.

  On the other hand, PAM control is known as a method of controlling the input voltage to a motor that has a small power loss and heat generation and can obtain a sufficient torque. In this PAM control, a specific voltage is directly output from the switching power supply to the DC motor. However, in order to obtain the rotation speed of the DC motor in a wide range, an expensive switching power supply with a wide variable range is required. There was a problem that the production cost of the type scale remover increased.

JP 2012-161308 A Utility Model Registration No. 3197529

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems. An object of the present invention is to provide a power-type scale remover, a DC brushless motor control device, and a DC brushless motor control capable of suppressing power loss and heat generation, obtaining a sufficient torque, and capable of being manufactured at low cost. It is to provide a method.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  According to the power-type scale remover according to the first aspect of the present invention, a blade formed by forming a plurality of blade portions on the outer peripheral portion of the entire rod-shaped blade body, and a rotation driving unit for driving the blade to rotate. And a controller that performs voltage control so that the rotation speed of the rotation drive unit can be adjusted by moving the blade unit while pressing the blade unit against the fish body while the blade is rotationally driven. And a speed scale unit for setting the rotational speed of the rotational drive unit, wherein the controller unit includes a switching power supply whose output voltage is variable, and within a variable range of the switching power supply. The first voltage that is the lower limit of the output voltage is set, and the specific voltage for obtaining the rotation speed set by the speed setting unit at the rotation drive unit is greater than the first voltage. When it is large, the specific voltage is output from the switching power supply to the rotary drive unit, and when the specific voltage is equal to or lower than the first voltage, the speed setting unit is supplied from the switching power supply to the rotary drive unit. And a voltage control unit that outputs the first voltage by a PWM control method so that the rotation speed set in step 1 can be obtained. According to the above-described configuration, the voltage specific to the rotation drive unit required for the rotation drive unit to obtain a predetermined rotation speed is defined as the specific voltage, and is set by the user based on the rotation speed obtained with the first voltage. Determine whether the rotational speed is in the high speed range or the low speed range, and output the specific voltage directly from the switching power supply if it is in the high speed range, and if it is in the low speed range, use a fixed voltage set lower than the conventional fixed voltage. Based on a certain first voltage, an equivalent voltage (a voltage that allows the rotation drive unit to obtain the rotation speed when the rotation voltage is input while the voltage output from the switching power supply is fixed) is output. Therefore, power loss and heat generation can be reduced and sufficient torque can be obtained as compared with the conventional power-type scale remover that outputs the equivalent of the natural voltage based on a high fixed voltage in all rotational speed ranges. As a result, it is possible to provide a power-type scale remover that can be manufactured at low cost while suppressing power loss and heat generation.

  According to the power-type scale remover according to the second aspect of the present invention, the rotational drive unit is a DC brushless motor, and the voltage control unit is within a variable range of the switching power supply, with an upper limit of the output voltage. When a certain second voltage is set and the rotation speed measured by the magnetic sensor in the DC brushless motor is lower than the rotation speed set by the speed setting unit, the switching power supply is applied to the rotation drive unit. Thus, it is possible to output a voltage that is greater than the natural voltage and less than or equal to the second voltage. According to the above configuration, since the control is performed so as to automatically increase the rotational speed of the DC brushless motor even when there is a disturbance load, the work can be continued, so that the work efficiency is improved.

  According to the power type scale remover according to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to further include a casing having a sealed structure that houses the switching power supply and the voltage control unit. With the above configuration, heat generation is suppressed and the housing can be sealed, so that there is no possibility that the electronic component may fail due to condensation or water droplets.

  According to the DC brushless motor control device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the switching power supply whose output voltage is variable, the speed setting unit for setting the rotational speed of the DC brushless motor, and the variable range of the switching power supply The first voltage that is the lower limit of the output voltage and the second voltage that is the upper limit of the output voltage are set, and the rotational speed set by the speed setting unit is obtained by the rotational drive unit. When the specific voltage is larger than the first voltage, the specific voltage is output from the switching power supply to the rotation drive unit. When the specific voltage is equal to or lower than the first voltage, the rotation drive is performed from the switching power supply. The first voltage is output by a PWM control method so that the rotational speed set by the speed setting unit is obtained, and the magnetic sensor in the DC brushless motor is When the rotational speed measured at the time is lower than the rotational speed set by the speed setting unit, a voltage that is larger than the specific voltage and lower than the second voltage from the switching power supply to the rotational drive unit. And a housing having a sealed structure for housing the switching power supply and the voltage control unit.

  According to the DC brushless motor control method according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a DC brushless motor control method using a switching power supply having a variable output voltage and a DC brushless motor control device in which a voltage control unit is sealed. Within the variable range of the switching power supply, a first voltage that is the lower limit of the output voltage and a second voltage that is the upper limit of the output voltage are set, and the rotation speed set by the speed setting unit is set to the DC brushless motor. When the specific voltage to be obtained is greater than the first voltage, the step of outputting the specific voltage from the switching power supply to the DC brushless motor, and when the specific voltage is equal to or lower than the first voltage, The first voltage is PWMed so that the rotational speed set by the speed setting unit is obtained from the switching power supply to the DC brushless motor. When the rotational speed measured by the magnetic sensor in the DC brushless motor and the rotational speed measured by the speed setting unit is lower than the rotational speed set by the speed setting unit, from the switching power supply to the DC brushless motor, And a step of outputting a voltage that is greater than the natural voltage and less than or equal to the second voltage.

It is a lineblock diagram of the power type scale remover concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware constitutions of a controller part. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of operation of a power-type scale remover. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of operation | movement of a power type scale remover. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the voltage which a voltage control part outputs, and the rotational speed of DC brushless motor. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of operation | movement when there exists disturbance load in the blade of a power type scale remover. FIG. 7A is a graph showing measured values, and FIG. 7B is a table showing the measured values, for explaining the experimental results in the high speed region of the heat sink temperature of the controller unit. FIG. 8A is a graph showing measured values, and FIG. 8B is a table showing the measured values, for explaining the experimental results in the high speed range of the temperature in the housing of the controller unit. FIG. 9A is a graph showing measured values, and FIG. 9B is a table showing the measured values, for explaining the experimental results in the low speed region of the heat sink temperature of the controller unit. FIG. 10A is a graph showing measured values, and FIG. 10B is a table showing the measured values, for explaining the experimental results in the low speed region of the temperature in the housing of the controller unit. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the voltage which a PWM control circuit outputs in the conventional power-type scale remover, and the rotational speed of a DC motor. It is a system block diagram of the conventional power-type scale remover.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment shown below exemplifies a power-type scale remover, a DC brushless motor control device, and a DC brushless motor control method for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, The present invention does not specify them as follows. Further, the present specification by no means specifies the members shown in the claims to the members of the embodiments. In particular, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, and are merely explanations. It is just an example. Note that the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation. Furthermore, in the following description, the same name and symbol indicate the same or the same members, and detailed description thereof will be omitted as appropriate. Furthermore, each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are constituted by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member, and conversely, the function of one member is constituted by a plurality of members. It can also be realized by sharing.
(Conventional power scale remover 101)

  First, a conventional power scale remover 101 will be outlined. FIG. 12 shows a system configuration diagram of a conventional power-type scale remover 101. As shown in this figure, a conventional power scale remover 101 includes a controller unit 102 and a head unit 103. The controller unit 102 includes a transformer 1021, an AC / DC converter 1022, a PWM control circuit 1023, and a speed setting knob 1024 for manually setting the rotation speed. The head unit 103 includes a DC motor 1031 and a scaly cutter 1032.

  In this conventional power scale remover 101, a transformer 1021 and an AC / DC converter 1022 convert an AC voltage from an AC power source, for example, 100V into a DC voltage corresponding to the rated voltage of the motor, and output it to a PWM control circuit 1023. To do. The PWM control circuit 1023 controls the fixed voltage converted by the transformer 1021 and the AC / DC converter 1022 so as to obtain the rotation speed set by the user with the speed setting knob 1024, thereby controlling the DC voltage. The motor 1031 is operated at a desired rotation speed.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the voltage output from the PWM control circuit 1023 of the controller unit 102 and the rotational speed of the DC motor 1031 of the head unit 103. As shown in this figure, in the conventional power type scale remover 101, a fixed voltage of 24V is constantly applied to the PWM control circuit 1023 by the transformer 1021 and the AC / DC converter 1022, and the PWM control circuit 1023 PWM control is performed in the rotation speed range.

  Here, the PWM control for controlling the rotation speed of the DC motor 1031 for rotating the scaly cutter 1032 performed by the above-described PWM control circuit 1023 will be described. In the PWM control, an ON time for outputting a voltage and an OFF time for not outputting a voltage are provided, and the input voltage is divided into an ON time and an OFF time at regular intervals. As a result, a voltage corresponding to a value obtained by averaging the voltage during the ON time in one cycle is output without changing the voltage magnitude itself. In other words, the output voltage increases as the ON time increases, and decreases as the ON time decreases. Therefore, by controlling the ON time so as to be equivalent to the specific voltage corresponding to the desired rotation speed, the rotation speed of the DC motor is set to the desired rotation speed. Can be controlled.

  However, since the power loss increases as the OFF time becomes longer in PWM control, the power loss (corresponding to the hatched portion in FIG. 11) increases when the OFF time is lengthened so as to reduce the output voltage. Become. In fact, when the conventional motor-type scale remover 101 is used to reduce the rotational speed of the motor and perform the scale removal process for scales and small fish, there was a heat generation of about 80 ° C. For this reason, the casing of the controller unit in the conventional scale remover is made of a combination of aluminum plates and has not been completely sealed so as to be able to dissipate heat.

  On the other hand, as described above, it is not appropriate from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost to control the total rotational speed of the motor included in the power-type scale remover by PAM control. This is because the switching power supply necessary for PAM control changes in the range of voltage that can be increased or decreased, and the switching power supply that covers all the rotational speed range of the motor required by the power scale remover is expensive, conversely This is because an inexpensive switching power supply cannot cover the rotational speed of the motor required for the power-type scale remover.

  Here, PAM control is different from PWM control in which the output voltage is controlled by controlling the ON time while keeping the voltage constant, and the voltage is controlled by controlling the switching element responsible for the voltage change in the switching power supply. Change directly. According to this PAM control, since the voltage itself is changed, there is almost no power loss and no heat generation.

  Also, in PWM control, current flows through the DC motor only during the ON time. Therefore, when the OFF time is lengthened, the time during which no current flows through the motor, that is, the time during which the DC motor rotates by inertia increases. Therefore, the torque becomes small in the control of the low rotational speed that requires a long OFF time. On the other hand, there is a method of generating torque even during the OFF time by regenerating back electromotive force to the DC motor using a flywheel diode, but its effect is very small.

  Therefore, according to the conventional power scale remover 101, for example, if a large load is applied to the scale cutter momentarily due to a large scale or a hard scale, a large torque cannot be obtained as described above. The motor may stop and the user may be forced to interrupt the work.

Also in this regard, since the PAM control described above is a control that changes the voltage itself, the current flowing through the DC motor is not interrupted and sufficient torque can be obtained. It is not practical because of problems.
(Configuration of the power scale 1)

The block diagram of the power-type scale remover 1 which concerns on this Embodiment is shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, a power type scale remover 1 according to the present embodiment is connected to an AC power source via a power cord 5 to control power supplied to a head unit 3. And a head unit 3 that is connected to the controller unit 2 via a cord 4 and rotates the DC brushless motor 31 to remove scales.
(Controller part 2)

  The controller unit 2 is connected to an AC power source and manually sets a rotational speed of the DC brushless motor 31 of the head unit 3 (corresponding to an example of a “speed setting unit” in the claims). The voltage supplied from the AC power source is converted and controlled to a predetermined DC voltage at which the rotation speed set by the user is obtained. The speed setting knob 23 may be provided in the head unit 3.

  Moreover, the controller unit 2 corresponds to an example of a DC brushless motor 31 (corresponding to an example of “rotation drive unit” in the claims) measured by the head unit 3 using a magnetic sensor (not shown). Information on the rotational speed is fed back via the code 4 to perform compensation control according to the rotational speed.

Furthermore, the controller unit 2 has a handle for carrying, and has a casing 24 having a sealed structure, a power ON / OFF switch 25, and a pilot lamp 26 that lights and displays a power connection state. .
(Controller unit 2 sealed structure)

  The casing 24 is made of, for example, aluminum die casting as a material, and is configured to be sealed in a state where the switching power supply 21 and the voltage control unit 22 are accommodated. The housing 24 is formed with a screw hole for arranging a member across the inside and outside, and the power ON / OFF switch 25 and the pilot lamp 26 are screwed through the screw hole to maintain the sealing property. As shown in FIG. In addition, by using a cable gland that is screwed into the screw hole, the cord 4 and the power cord 5 are fixed to the casing 24 while maintaining hermeticity, and wired across the casing 24. ing.

  As will be described later, this sealed structure can be said to have been realized because in the power-type scale remover 1, heat generation in the voltage control unit 22 can be suppressed and the temperature in the controller unit 2 can be kept low. . In addition, since heat generation is suppressed, the size of the housing 24 can be made compact.

Due to this sealing structure, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation in the controller unit 2, and since it is waterproof, it can meet high demands around the water. In the present embodiment, the controller unit 2 is described as an apparatus used in the power-type scale remover 1. However, the controller unit 2 is not limited to this. It may be used as a device. In particular, since the power type chaff deposit cleaner is often used outdoors, the controller unit 2 having a sealed structure capable of preventing the occurrence of condensation is useful for such applications.
(Head 3)

  The head unit 3 has a gripping body 33 for a user to grip and work. The head unit 3 is electrically connected to the controller unit 2 via a cord 4 drawn from the gripping body 33, and the DC brushless motor 31 is connected to the controller unit 2. Is supplied with power.

  The head unit 3 efficiently peels off the scale without damaging the fish body by moving the scale cutter blade 32 from the tail side to the head side while being lightly pressed against the fish body while being rotated by the DC brushless motor 31. I will drop it. Further, the rotational speed of the DC brushless motor 31 is measured by a magnetic sensor, and information relating to the rotational speed is fed back to the controller unit 2 via the code 4. The rotation speed is measured by always detecting the position of the magnet rotor included in the DC brushless motor with a magnetic sensor, and measuring the rotation speed from the amount of displacement of the magnet rotor per unit time.

  The head unit 3 is also provided with an ON / OFF switch (not shown) on the gripping body 33, and the DC brushless motor 31 may be started and stopped by operating this switch. Further, a head cover 34 for preventing the scattering of scales may be provided. In addition, the rotational drive part which rotates the scale removal blade 32 is not limited to the DC brushless motor 31, What is necessary is just to be able to measure the rotational speed of a motor, such as a motor provided with the encoder, for example.

In addition, the head part used for the handy type power chaff deposit cleaner also has a plurality of blade parts formed on the outer peripheral part of the entire rod-shaped blade body, like the head part 3 of the power type scale remover 1. And a rotation drive unit for driving the blade to rotate, and the user moves the blade part while pressing the blade part against the chaff while the blade is driven to rotate. Can be removed.
(Hardware configuration of controller unit 2)

  FIG. 2 shows a hardware configuration of the controller unit 2 according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, the controller unit 2 according to the present embodiment includes a switching power source 21 that is connected to an AC power source, converts it into a predetermined DC voltage, and outputs a voltage, a voltage control unit 22 that controls the switching power source 21, And a speed setting knob 23 for manually setting the rotation speed which is a control target of the voltage control unit 22.

  The switching power supply 21 is connected to an AC power supply, rectifies the supplied voltage with a rectifier bridge, smoothes with a first capacitor, and then outputs by switching ON / OFF the switching element controlled by the voltage control unit 22. Control the voltage. Thereafter, the switching power supply 21 outputs a DC voltage transformed by a transformer, rectified by a diode, and smoothed by a second capacitor to the voltage control unit 22.

  The switching power supply 21 feedback-controls the ON / OFF time of the switching element by an internal control circuit. Since the switching power supply is expensive when the variable range is wide, a switching power supply having a limited minimum voltage that can be output as an inexpensive switching power supply is used.

  The voltage control unit 22 is electrically connected to the switching power supply 21, the magnetic sensor, and the speed setting knob 23, and controls the switching elements in the switching power supply 21 and the voltage input from the switching power supply 21 with the speed setting knob 23. PWM control that converts to a specific voltage corresponding to the set rotation speed, and a magnetic sensor built in the DC brushless motor senses that the rotation speed of the motor has dropped (or has stopped), and via code 4 Thus, three types of control are performed: control for compensating for the rotational speed of the motor when rotational speed reduction information is transmitted.

The speed setting knob 23 is electrically connected to the voltage control unit 22. For example, the resistance value is changed by a user's operation of the knob, and the speed setting knob 23 relates to a desired rotation speed set manually with respect to the voltage control unit 22. Outputs information reflecting the current magnitude. The speed setting knob 23 may be a switch or the like as long as it can transmit the rotational speed information to the voltage control unit 22 using an electrical signal.
(User operation procedure)

The procedure of the operation of the power-type scale remover 1 by the user will be described based on the flowchart of FIG. First, in step ST101, the user turns on the power scale remover 1. In step ST102, the user manually rotates the speed setting knob 23 to set a desired rotation speed. Proceeding to step ST103, when the scaly cutter 32 starts to rotate via the DC brushless motor 31, the user grasps the grip 33 and moves from the caudal side toward the head while lightly pressing the scaly cutter 32 against the fish. Let the scales come off. When the scale has been removed, in step ST104, the power is turned off and the operation is terminated.
(Operation procedure of the power scale 1)

  The operation procedure of the power scale remover 1 will be described based on the flowchart of FIG. 4 and a graph showing the relationship between the voltage output by the voltage control unit 22 of FIG. 5 and the rotational speed of the DC brushless motor 31. . In FIG. 5, the first voltage means a minimum voltage that can be output from the voltage control unit 22 set in advance so as to fall within the lower limit of the variable range of the switching power supply 21. In this embodiment, 10 V is set. ing. In this figure, the second voltage means the maximum voltage that can be output from the voltage control unit 22 set in advance so as to be within the upper limit of the variable range of the switching power supply 21. In the present embodiment, 36 V is Is set. For the sake of convenience, the rotational speed obtained by inputting the first voltage to the DC brushless motor 31 is defined as a high speed range when the rotational speed is greater than 2500 rpm, and the low speed range is defined as 2500 rpm or less.

  First, in step ST201, the switching power supply 21 rectifies the voltage input from the AC power supply using a rectification bridge and smoothes it using a first capacitor.

  Next, in step ST202, the voltage control unit 22 receives information on a desired rotation speed manually set by the user from the speed setting knob 23, and sets it as a target rotation speed on the program.

  Thereafter, in step ST203, it is determined whether the target rotational speed is in a high speed region or a low speed region.

  When it is determined that the high-speed region is determined, in step ST204, the voltage control unit 22 controls the switching elements in the switching power supply 21. The switching power supply 21 is transformed by a transformer, rectified by a diode, and smoothed by a second capacitor. Then, the DC brushless motor 31 outputs to the voltage control unit 22 a DC voltage that can obtain the target rotation speed. Subsequently, in step ST <b> 205, the voltage control unit 22 performs control that always sets the ON time in the PWM control method, that is, control that does not change the output from the switching power supply 21, and outputs a voltage to the DC brushless motor 31.

  If it is determined in step ST203 that the speed range is low, in step ST206, the voltage control unit 22 and the switching power supply 21 convert the voltage in the same procedure as in step ST204, and the switching power supply 21 is 10V which is the first voltage. Is output to the voltage controller 22. Thereafter, in step ST207, the voltage control unit 22 controls the ON time so that the DC brushless motor 31 can obtain a target rotation speed by the PWM control method, and outputs a voltage to the DC brushless motor 31. .

According to the above operation procedure, in the high speed range, the control is always performed with the PWM control method so that the current flowing through the DC brushless motor 31 is not interrupted, and the torque does not decrease. In addition, although the torque decreases in the low speed range, unlike the conventional case where PWM control is performed based on a high voltage, the OFF time is suppressed to be short because PWM control is performed based on a first voltage that is set low. Torque reduction is also kept small. Therefore, the power-type scale remover 1 according to the present invention can obtain a sufficient torque by the voltage control method described above.
(Operation procedure when there is a disturbance load)

  An operation procedure when the scaly cutter 32 has a disturbance load will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, in step ST <b> 301, the magnetic sensor built in the DC brushless motor 31 measures the rotation speed and feeds back the measurement result to the voltage control unit 22.

  In step ST302, the voltage control unit 22 compares the measurement result fed back with the target rotation speed, and determines whether or not there is a decrease in the rotation speed due to a disturbance load. For example, if a threshold value lower than the target rotational speed is set and the rotational speed of the measurement result is lower than the threshold value, it is determined that the rotational speed is reduced due to a disturbance load.

  When it is determined that there has been a reduction in the rotational speed due to the disturbance load, in step ST303, the voltage control unit 22 and the switching power supply 21 convert the voltage in the same procedure as in step ST204, and the switching power supply 21 sends the voltage control unit 22 to the voltage control unit 22. The second voltage of 36V is output.

  Subsequently, in step ST304, the voltage control unit 22 performs voltage control in the same procedure as in step ST205, and outputs the second voltage to the DC brushless motor 31. That is, since the control is always performed in the ON time by the PWM control method, the compensation control for increasing the rotation speed while maintaining a sufficient torque is possible. The output voltage is not limited to the second voltage, but may be larger than the voltage at which the target rotation speed can be obtained and not more than the second voltage, and the voltage changing time is continuous even if it is instantaneous. It may be.

  Further, this procedure (step ST301 to step ST304) is always repeated in step ST102 to step ST103 of FIG.

In order to compare the heat generation in the controller unit between the power-type scale remover 1 according to the present invention and the conventional power-type scale remover 101, the heat radiation plate of the control element and the temperature in the housing were measured in the controller unit. This temperature was measured when the motor continued to rotate and the temperature reached a steady state.
(experimental method)

In the experiment, a load experiment was performed in a high speed region and a low speed region to reproduce the case where the motor is loaded. As for the rotation speed of the motor, 3333 rpm was used as an example of the high speed region, and 1764 rpm was used as an example of the low speed region. In the load experiment, it is difficult to keep a constant physical load on the motor load. Therefore, a resistor was connected in parallel to the motor coil and the load was reproduced as an electric load. As the load on the motor, resistors connected in parallel with the coil were selected so that the current flowing through the motor was 1.0 A, 1.5 A, and 2.0 A, respectively.
(Experimental result)

FIG. 7 shows the experimental results of the heat sink temperature in the high speed region, FIG. 8 shows the experimental results of the temperature in the housing in the high speed region, FIG. 9 shows the experimental results of the heat sink temperature in the low speed region, and the experimental results of the temperature in the housing in the low speed region. Is shown in FIG.
(Results of high-speed experiment)

  As shown in FIG. 7, the heat sink temperature in the high-speed range is 1.0 A in load current in the power-type scale remover 1 according to the present invention as compared to the case where the conventional power-type scale remover 101 is used. The test results showed that the temperature decreased by 39 ° C., 1.5 A decreased by 46 ° C., and 2.0 A decreased by 52 ° C., and the temperature hardly increased even under load.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the temperature inside the casing in the high-speed region is such that the load current in the power scale remover 1 according to the present invention is 1 as compared with the case where the conventional power scale remover 101 is used. It decreased by 12 ° C at 0A, 15 ° C at 1.5A, and 13 ° C at 2.0A.

As described above, the power-type scale remover 1 according to the present invention directly outputs the DC voltage for obtaining the target rotational speed from the switching power supply 21 in the high speed range, so that the power loss is reduced. It becomes difficult to generate heat. Therefore, it was proved that the temperature in the casing 24 having the sealed structure is also lower than the temperature in the casing capable of radiating heat.
(Experimental result at low speed)

  As shown in FIG. 9, the heat sink temperature in the low speed range is 1.0 A in load current in the power-type scale remover 1 according to the present invention as compared with the case where the conventional power-type scale remover 101 is used. Time decreased by 30 ° C. In the experiment of the power-type scale remover 1 according to the present invention, when the load current is 1.5 A and 2.0 A, the results are 58 ° C. and 66 ° C., respectively, which are low temperatures that are unlikely to cause failure of the control element. was gotten. In the experiment of the conventional example of the heat sink temperature in the low speed region when the load current is 1.5 A and 2.0 A, the heat sink temperature is 107 ° C. or more, and the temperature is set to avoid the failure of the control element. The experiment was interrupted at that time. That is, the experimental result that the temperature of the heat sink in the low speed range is not easily raised even when there is a load, as in the case of the high speed range.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the temperature in the casing in the low speed range is such that the load-type scale remover 1 according to the present invention has a load current of 1.V as compared to the case where the conventional scale-type scale remover 101 is used. At 0A, the temperature decreased by 4 ° C, and at 1.5A, the temperature decreased by 10 ° C. When the load current was 2.0 A, the result was 52 ° C., which is a sufficiently low temperature without any practical problem. In the experiment of the conventional example in the low speed region when the load current is 2.0 A, it is known from the experiment of the heat sink temperature in the low speed region when the load current is 2.0 A, that the heat sink temperature becomes 107 ° C. or more. In order to avoid device failure, it was interrupted 10 minutes after the start. Therefore, in FIG. 10, the conventional example when the load current is 2.0 A is data in a transition period in which the temperature after 10 minutes from the start of the experiment tends to increase. The estimated value when the load current obtained by extrapolating the values when the load current is 1.0 A and 1.5 A is 2.0 A is 66 ° C. That is, in the case of the housing in the low speed range, an experiment result was obtained that the temperature did not easily rise even when there was a load, as in the case of the high speed range.

  Therefore, the power-type scale remover 1 according to the present invention is less likely to generate heat than the conventional power-type scale remover 101 that performs PWM control based on a high voltage at least in the low speed range. It has been demonstrated that the temperature in the housing 24 having the structure is also lower than the temperature in the housing that can dissipate heat.

  As explained above, according to the power type scale remover 1 according to the present invention, (1) power loss and heat generation can be suppressed, and sufficient torque can be obtained, and (2) the rotational speed due to the disturbance load can be reduced. Compensation control from changes is possible, and (3) there is an advantage that the temperature inside the housing can be lowered even with a sealed structure.

  As for (1), as shown in FIG. 5, there is almost no power loss in the high speed region (the hatched portion in FIG. 5 indicates power loss), and PWM control based on the first voltage of 10 V is also used in the low speed region. Therefore, the power loss is smaller and the heat generation is smaller than the conventional technology based on 24V (the hatched portion in FIG. 11 indicates the power loss). In addition, in the high speed range, the control is always performed with the PWM control method, and in the low speed range, the OFF time can be suppressed short by performing the PWM control based on the first voltage set low. Sufficient torque can be obtained.

  With regard to (2), when an unexpectedly high load is momentarily applied to the scaly cutter 32 due to a large scale or hard scale, control is performed to instantaneously increase the rotational speed. There is no need to manually reset the rotational speed with the knob 23, and the operation can be continued.

  Regarding (3), in the power scale remover 1, heat generation in the voltage control unit 22 can be suppressed, and the temperature in the controller unit 2 can be kept low. Can be made compact. Due to this sealing structure, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation in the controller unit 2, and since it is waterproof, it can meet high demands around the water.

  The power-type scale remover, the DC brushless motor control device, and the DC brushless motor control method according to the present invention can be suitably used for fish scale removal processing.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power-type scale remover 2 ... Controller part; 21 ... Switching power supply; 22 ... Voltage control part; 23 ... Speed setting knob; 24 ... Case; 25 ... Power supply ON / OFF switch; 31 ... Brushless motor; 32 ... Cutter; 33 ... Holding body; 34 ... Head cover 4 ... Cord 5 ... Power cord 101 ... Power type scale remover 102 ... Controller part; 1021 ... Transformer; 1022 ... AC / DC converter; 1023 ... Control circuit; 1024 ... Speed setting knob 103 ... Head part; 1031 ... DC motor; 1032 ... Blade

Claims (5)

The blade is formed by forming a plurality of blades on the outer peripheral portion of an overall rod-shaped blade body, and a rotation driving unit for driving the blades to rotate. A head unit that performs scabling by moving while pressing against a fish body, a controller unit that performs voltage control so that the rotation speed of the rotation drive unit can be adjusted, and a speed setting unit for setting the rotation speed of the rotation drive unit In a powered scale scooping machine equipped with
The controller unit is
A switching power supply whose output voltage is variable;
A first voltage that is a lower limit of an output voltage is set within a variable range of the switching power supply, and a specific voltage for obtaining the rotation speed set by the speed setting unit by the rotation driving unit is the first voltage. When the voltage is larger than the voltage, the specific voltage is output from the switching power supply to the rotary drive unit, and when the specific voltage is equal to or lower than the first voltage, the switching power supply to the rotary drive unit, A power-type scale remover comprising: a voltage control unit that outputs the first voltage by a PWM control method so that the rotation speed set by the speed setting unit is obtained. A power scale remover according to claim 1,
The rotation drive unit is a DC brushless motor,
In the voltage control unit, a second voltage that is an upper limit of the output voltage is set within a variable range of the switching power supply, and a rotation speed measured by a magnetic sensor in the DC brushless motor is determined by the speed setting unit. A power-type scale remover that outputs a voltage that is higher than the specific voltage and lower than or equal to the second voltage from the switching power supply to the rotational drive unit when the rotational speed is lower than a set rotational speed. The power-type scale remover according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
A power-type scale remover comprising a casing having a sealed structure that houses the switching power supply and the voltage control unit. A switching power supply whose output voltage is variable;
Within the variable range of the switching power supply, a first voltage that is the lower limit of the output voltage and a second voltage that is the upper limit of the output voltage are set, and the rotational speed set by the speed setting unit is driven to rotate. When the specific voltage to be obtained at the part is larger than the first voltage, the specific voltage is output from the switching power supply to the rotation drive unit, and when the specific voltage is equal to or lower than the first voltage, The first voltage is output by the PWM control method so that the rotation speed set by the speed setting unit can be obtained from the switching power supply to the rotation drive unit, and measured by a magnetic sensor in the DC brushless motor. When the rotation speed is lower than the rotation speed set by the speed setting unit, the switching power source supplies the rotation drive unit with a voltage greater than the specific voltage and the second power supply. A voltage control section for outputting a voltage below,
A DC brushless motor control device comprising: a casing having a sealed structure that houses the switching power supply and the voltage control unit. A DC brushless motor control method using a switching power supply in which an output voltage is variable and a DC brushless motor control device in which a voltage control unit is sealed,
Within the variable range of the switching power supply, a first voltage that is the lower limit of the output voltage and a second voltage that is the upper limit of the output voltage are set, and the rotation speed set by the speed setting unit is set by a DC brushless motor. When the specific voltage to obtain is greater than the first voltage, outputting the specific voltage from the switching power supply to the DC brushless motor;
When the specific voltage is equal to or lower than the first voltage, the first voltage is output by a PWM control method so that the rotational speed set by the speed setting unit is obtained from the switching power supply to the DC brushless motor. And a process of
When the rotational speed measured by the magnetic sensor in the DC brushless motor is lower than the rotational speed set by the speed setting unit, the switching brush is supplied to the DC brushless motor from the natural voltage, and A DC brushless motor control method including a step of outputting a voltage equal to or lower than the second voltage.

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