JP2017186779A - Outside heat insulation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outside heat insulation structure that can control ventilation in a vent layer and switch between an anti-heat effect due to exhaust heat and a heat insulation effect due to air stagnation depending on the season and outdoor temperature.SOLUTION: An outside heat insulation structure comprises a substrate material 10 fixed to an exterior wall 40 and a jacket material 17 that is fitted through the substrate material 10. A vent layer 21 is formed between the exterior wall 40 and the jacket material 17. Openings 24a, 28a in communication with outdoor air and opening and closing parts 24b, 28b, which open and close the openings 24a, 28a, respectively, are formed on an upper part and a lower part of the vent layer 21.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an outer heat insulating structure that can be constructed on an outer wall or the like of an existing building.

  As an invention related to this type of external heat insulation method, for example, in Patent Document 1, in a long aluminum exterior panel that is continuously attached to a building, a box-shaped portion is formed in a part of a longitudinal section, and this box-shaped portion A structure in which water vapor in the ventilation layer can be discharged to the outside by forming a ventilation / water passage hole and a ventilation hole in the air, communicating outside air and the ventilation layer, and letting outside air into and out of the ventilation layer. Is disclosed.

JP 2000-336897 A

  However, in the configuration described in Patent Document 1, the ventilation in the ventilation layer depends on the outside air condition, and the ventilation in the ventilation layer cannot be controlled. For example, it was not possible to switch between actively ventilating the ventilation layer during hot summer to promote exhaust heat, and storing heat in the ventilation layer to enhance the heat retention effect during cold winter.

  Therefore, the present invention can control the ventilation in the ventilation layer, and by switching between exhaust heat and heat storage according to the season and the outside temperature, the heat exhaust effect in summer and the heat insulation effect in winter can be enhanced. It is an object to provide an outer heat insulating structure.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is characterized by the following.

  The invention according to claim 1 includes a base material fixed to an outer wall and an exterior material attached via the base material, and a ventilation layer is formed between the outer wall and the exterior material. The upper and lower portions of the ventilation layer are provided with openings that communicate with the outside air, and are provided with opening and closing portions that open and close the openings.

  The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in addition to the feature of the invention described in claim 1, the opening / closing part is opened and closed by an opening / closing means made of an intelligent metal material.

  The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in addition to the features of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, a heat insulating layer made of a building heat insulating material is provided on the surface of the outer wall.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in addition to the features of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the exterior material is made of an aluminum extruded profile.

  In addition to the features of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 4, the invention described in claim 5 includes a plurality of the exterior materials arranged in series, and the plurality of the exterior materials. Is characterized by being joined via an airtight material.

  The invention according to claim 6 is provided with a frame material that supports an end portion of the exterior material in addition to the features of the invention according to any one of the above-described first to fifth aspects, and the frame material is an airtight material. The exterior material is supported through a gap.

  The invention described in claim 7 is characterized in that, in addition to the features of the invention described in claim 5 or 6, the airtight material is formed of an elastic material.

  The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in addition to the features of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the base material supports the fixing bracket fixed to the outer wall and the exterior material. A frame member, and a connection member that connects the fixing member and the frame member, wherein the connection member includes the fixing member or the frame member through a spacer material formed of a resin-based material or a rubber-based material. It is characterized by being connected to.

  The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in addition to the feature point of the invention according to claim 8, a plurality of the connection members are arranged at intervals.

  The invention described in claim 1 is as described above, and since the ventilation layer is formed by the base material and the exterior material, the outer heat insulating structure can be constructed by a dry method. Therefore, workability is good and construction can be performed in a short construction period. Moreover, an external heat insulation structure can be easily constructed also to the existing outer wall. Moreover, since sufficient ventilation is ensured by the ventilation layer, it is possible to suppress dew condensation generated on the outer wall surface and extend the life of the housing.

  In addition, an opening communicating with the outside air is provided above and below the ventilation layer, and an opening / closing part that opens and closes the opening is provided. According to such a configuration, by controlling the ventilation in the ventilation layer by the opening and closing part, whether the heat in the ventilation layer is discharged according to the season and the outside air temperature, or the air is retained to have a heat insulation effect Can be switched. Therefore, heat can be exhausted in summer to increase the heat protection effect, and in winter, the air layer can also have a heat insulation effect to increase the cold protection effect.

The invention according to claim 2 is as described above, and the opening / closing portion is opened / closed by an opening / closing means made of an intelligent metal material. According to such a configuration, ventilation control can be automatically performed by heat sensing. For example, in a hot summer season, the air-permeable layer becomes hot due to solar radiation, so that the intelligent metal material opens the opening / closing part, and ventilates the air-permeable layer to exhaust heat, thereby enhancing the heat-protective effect. Further, in the cold season of winter, the intelligent metal material closes the opening / closing portion and retains air in the ventilation layer, so that heat can be stored and the cold protection effect can be enhanced.
In addition, since the opening / closing part can be opened and closed without depending on the machine, problems such as troubles and deterioration of the machine do not occur, and maintenance is easy.

  Moreover, invention of Claim 3 is as above-mentioned, The heat insulation layer which consists of a heat insulating material for buildings was provided in the surface of the said outer wall. According to such a configuration, the outer heat insulating property can be enhanced by the heat insulating layer. Moreover, workability is good by using the heat insulating material for construction, and construction can be performed in a short construction period.

  Moreover, invention of Claim 4 is as above-mentioned, The said exterior material consists of an aluminum extrusion shape material. According to such a configuration, it is possible to form an exterior material having high airtightness in a simple and short time. In addition, the degree of freedom in design is widened, and the appearance can be made excellent in design.

  Further, the invention according to claim 5 is as described above, and a plurality of the exterior materials are arranged in series, and the plurality of exterior materials are joined via an airtight material. According to such a structure, it can prevent that air leaks from the junction location of an exterior material, and can improve the airtightness of a ventilation layer.

  The invention according to claim 6 is as described above, and includes a frame material that supports an end portion of the exterior material, and the frame material supports the exterior material via an airtight material. According to such a structure, it can prevent that air leaks from the edge part of an exterior material, and can improve the airtightness of a ventilation layer.

  The invention according to claim 7 is as described above, and the airtight material is formed of an elastic material. According to such a structure, since airtightness can be ensured using a dry packing, workability is good. Further, the exterior material can be held by an airtight elastic force.

  The invention according to claim 8 is as described above, and the base material includes a fixing metal member fixed to the outer wall, a frame metal member that supports the exterior material, the fixing metal member, and the frame metal member. A connecting member to be connected, and the connecting member is connected to the fixing fitting or the frame fitting through a spacer material formed of a resin material or a rubber material. According to such a configuration, since the fixing bracket and the frame bracket are connected via the spacer material formed of a resin material or a rubber-based material having low thermal conductivity, transmission is performed from the frame bracket and the connection member. Heat can be suppressed to prevent cold bridges.

  Moreover, invention of Claim 9 is as above-mentioned, and the connection member is multiply arranged by providing the space | interval. According to such a configuration, the ventilation layer is not blocked by the connection member, and a continuous space is formed. Therefore, it is only necessary to provide an opening / closing portion only at the upper and lower portions of the ventilation layer, and the cost can be reduced. .

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (intermediate part omitted) of an outer heat insulation structure. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the upper part of an outer heat insulation structure. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the lower part of an outer heat insulation structure. (A) The cross-sectional view of an outer heat insulation structure, (b) It is the figure which expanded a part of (a). (A) The longitudinal cross-sectional view of an outer heat insulation structure, (b) It is a front view of an outer heat insulation structure.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The outer heat insulating structure according to the present embodiment can be applied to the existing outer wall 40, and is fixed to the heat insulating layer 20 provided on the surface of the outer wall 40 and the outer wall 40 as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. The base material 10 and the exterior material 17 attached via the base material 10 are provided.

  The heat insulation layer 20 covers the surface of the outer wall 40, and a plate-like heat insulating material or a foam heat insulating material can be used. For example, it is preferable to use foamed urethane foam. In addition, the heat insulation layer 20 may use a heat insulating material for construction. As the heat insulating material for building, an artificial mineral fiber material or a foamed plastic material is preferable.

  The base material 10 is for supporting the exterior material 17 from the back side, and is provided at a predetermined interval so as to face the upper and lower portions of the exterior material 17. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the base material 10 includes a fixing metal 11 fixed to the outer wall 40, a frame metal 12 that supports the exterior material 17, and a connection that connects the fixing metal 11 and the frame metal 12. And a member 13.

  The fixing metal 11 is a long metal having an L-shaped cross section, and is fixed to the surface of the outer wall 40 by a fixing tool such as a bolt.

  The frame metal 12 is a long metal having an L-shaped cross section, and supports the exterior member 17 from the back surface. An exterior member 17 is fixed to the front surface of the frame metal member 12 with screws 18.

  The connection member 13 is a flat plate member made of metal. The connecting member 13 has a rear end side connected to the fixing metal 11 and a front end connected to the frame metal 12. By providing the connection member 13 in this manner, the frame metal fitting 12 is fixed at a position protruding forward from the outer wall 40. The connecting member 13 is attached, for example, with a predetermined interval so as not to close the upper and lower spaces.

  In the present embodiment, the connection member 13 is connected to the fixing bracket 11 via a spacer material 14 formed of a resin material or a rubber material. The spacer member 14 is formed so that the connecting member 13 and the fixture 11 are not in direct contact with each other, thereby preventing a cold bridge. The connecting member 13 and the frame metal fitting 12 may be connected via a spacer material 14 formed of a resin material or a rubber material.

  The exterior material 17 is a panel made of an aluminum extruded shape, and is an aluminum decorative board such as a spandrel. Heat collection effect can be achieved by using a spandrel. Moreover, the heat collection effect can be further enhanced by performing a surface treatment such as anodizing or making the color darker (eg, black).

  The exterior material 17 is a panel-like member disposed in parallel with the outer wall 40 and is attached with a predetermined gap between the outer material 40 and the outer wall 40. For this reason, a space communicated vertically is formed between the outer wall 40 and the exterior member 17, and the ventilation layer 21 is formed by this space.

  The upper and lower ends of the exterior member 17 are supported by an upper frame member 23 and a lower frame member 27, respectively, as shown in FIGS. The upper frame member 23 extends from the upper end of the exterior material 17 to the front surface to support the exterior material 17. The lower frame member 27 extends around the front surface from the lower end portion of the exterior material 17 to support the exterior material 17. The upper frame material 23 and the lower frame material 27 support the exterior material 17 via the first airtight material 30 and the second airtight material 31.

  That is, the first airtight member 30 is provided between the upper end of the exterior member 17 and the upper frame member 23, and between the lower end of the exterior member 17 and the lower frame member 27, and the airtightness of the ventilation layer 21. Can be increased. A second airtight member 31 is provided inside the upper frame member 23 that wraps around the front surface from the upper end of the exterior member 17 and inside the lower frame member 27 that wraps around the front surface from the lower end of the exterior member 17. Thus, the air tightness of the ventilation layer 21 is improved.

  Here, the first airtight material 30 and the second airtight material 31 described above are formed of an elastic material. For example, a packing made of resin or rubber. For this reason, the exterior material 17 attached to the first airtight material 30 and the second airtight material 31 is pushed into the upper frame material 23 and the lower frame material 27 so that the exterior material 17 becomes the upper frame material 23 and the lower frame. The material 27 is elastically held.

  Although not particularly illustrated, the left end portion of the exterior member 17 disposed at the left end and the right end portion of the exterior member 17 disposed at the right end are also the same frame as the upper frame member 23 or the lower frame member 27 described above. It is supported by the material via the first airtight material 30 and the second airtight material 31.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, as shown to Fig.4 (a), the some exterior | packing material 17 is arranged in a row and these several exterior | packing materials 17 are arrange | positioned without gap, and the surface of the outer wall 40 is covered. Covering. Adjacent exterior members 17 are engaged with each other as shown in FIG.

  That is, one exterior member 17 includes an attachment piece 17a fixed to the base material 10 and an insertion groove 17b formed so as to be adjacent to the attachment piece 17a. The mounting piece 17 a is fixed to the surface of the frame metal fitting 12 with screws 18. The insertion groove 17b is for inserting the protruding piece 17c of the other exterior member 17, and engages with the inserted protruding piece 17c. A third airtight member 32 is provided in the vicinity of the tip of the inserted protruding piece 17c, and this third airtight member 32 is in close contact with the surface of the mounting piece 17a in the insertion groove 17b. Thus, the adjacent exterior members 17 are joined to each other via the third airtight member 32.

  Here, the above-described third hermetic material 32 is formed of an elastic material. For example, a packing made of resin or rubber. For this reason, the protrusion piece 17c attached with the third airtight member 32 is pushed into the insertion groove 17b so that the protrusion piece 17c is elastically held by the insertion groove 17b.

  As described above, the end portion and the connection portion of the exterior material 17 are airtight by the airtight material so that the air in the ventilation layer 21 does not leak from the end portion and the connection portion of the exterior material 17. .

The upper part of the ventilation layer 21 is covered with an upper cover 22 as shown in FIG. Further, the lower part of the ventilation layer 21 is covered with a lower cover 26 as shown in FIG. Thereby, a space covered with the upper cover 22, the lower cover 26, and the exterior material 17 is formed.
Moreover, the upper and lower portions of the ventilation layer 21 are provided with openings that communicate with the outside air.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, an upper opening forming member 24 is disposed between the upper cover 22 and the outer wall 40, and an upper opening 24 a that communicates with the outside is formed in the upper opening forming member 24. Has been. The upper opening 24a is covered with a panel-like upper opening / closing part 24b in which a slit is formed. The upper opening / closing part 24b is opened and closed by an opening / closing means 24c made of an intelligent metal material. The intelligent metal material constituting the opening / closing means 24c changes its shape with a change in temperature. For example, a shape memory alloy or a bimetal can be used. The opening / closing means 24c is configured to slide the upper opening / closing part 24b and to automatically open / close the upper opening 24a depending on the temperature when the shape memory alloy or the bimetal is displaced by the temperature change. In this embodiment, when the temperature becomes low (for example, 12 ° C. or less), the fully closed state is established, and when the temperature becomes high (for example, 18 ° C. or more), the fully opened state is established.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a lower opening forming member 28 is disposed between the lower cover 26 and the exterior material 17, and the lower opening forming member 28 has a lower opening 28a communicating with the outside. Yes. The lower opening 28a is covered with a panel-like lower opening / closing portion 28b having a slit. The lower opening / closing part 28b is opened / closed by an opening / closing means 28c made of an intelligent metal material. The intelligent metal material constituting the opening / closing means 28c changes its shape with a change in temperature. For example, a shape memory alloy or a bimetal can be used. The opening / closing means 28c is configured to slide the lower opening / closing portion 28b and to automatically open / close the lower opening 28a depending on the temperature when the shape memory alloy or the bimetal is displaced due to temperature change. In this embodiment, when the temperature becomes low (for example, 12 ° C. or less), the fully closed state is established, and when the temperature becomes high (for example, 18 ° C. or more), the fully opened state is established.

  According to such a configuration, when the temperature rises, the upper opening 24a and the lower opening 28a are automatically opened, so that the ventilation layer 21 can be ventilated. For example, while taking in fresh air from the lower opening 28a and discharging the warmed air from the upper opening 24a, it is possible to prevent the heat from flowing into the ventilation layer 21 and the temperature from rising.

  Moreover, since the upper opening 24a and the lower opening 28a are automatically closed when the temperature falls, a warm air layer can be formed in the ventilation layer 21 to obtain a heat insulating effect. That is, by using the exterior material 17 having a high heat collecting effect as described above, the air in the ventilation layer 21 is warmed by sunlight or the like, and an air layer is formed outside the outer wall 40 by the warmed air. Therefore, the heat retention effect by the air layer can be obtained.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower frame member 27 may be provided with a drain hole 27a for discharging water that has entered the lower frame member 27 to the outside.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the ventilation layer 21 is formed by the base material 10 and the exterior material 17, the outer heat insulating structure can be constructed by a dry construction method. Therefore, workability is good and construction can be performed in a short construction period. Moreover, an external heat insulation structure can be easily constructed also on the existing outer wall 40. Moreover, since sufficient ventilation is ensured by the ventilation layer 21, the dew condensation generated on the surface of the outer wall 40 can be suppressed, and the life of the housing can be extended.

  Further, an upper opening 24a and a lower opening 28a communicating with outside air are provided above and below the ventilation layer 21, and an upper opening / closing part 24b and a lower opening / closing part 28b for opening and closing the upper opening 24a and the lower opening 28a are provided. It has been. According to such a configuration, by controlling the ventilation in the ventilation layer 21 by the upper opening / closing part 24b and the lower opening / closing part 28b, whether the heat is exhausted or the air is retained depending on the season and the outside temperature is kept. Can be switched. Therefore, heat can be exhausted in summer to increase the heat insulation effect, and in winter, the air can be kept warm to increase the heat insulation effect.

  The upper opening / closing part 24b and the lower opening / closing part 28b are opened and closed by opening / closing means 24c, 28c made of an intelligent metal material. According to such a configuration, ventilation control can be automatically performed by heat sensing. For example, in a hot summer season, the air-permeable layer 21 becomes hot due to solar radiation, so that the intelligent metal material opens the opening / closing part and ventilates the air-permeable layer 21 to exhaust heat and enhance the heat-proof effect. Further, when the winter is cold, the intelligent metal material closes the opening / closing part and retains the air in the ventilation layer 21, so that the warming effect can be enhanced without letting warm air escape.

  In addition, since the upper opening / closing part 24b and the lower opening / closing part 28b can be opened and closed without depending on the machine, problems such as malfunctions and deterioration of the machine do not occur, and maintenance is easy.

  Further, the heat insulating layer 20 made of a heat insulating material for building was provided on the surface of the outer wall 40. According to such a configuration, the outer heat insulating property can be enhanced by the heat insulating layer 20. Moreover, workability is good by using the heat insulating material for construction, and construction can be performed in a short construction period.

  The exterior member 17 is made of an aluminum extruded shape. According to such a configuration, it is possible to form the exterior material 17 with high airtightness in a simple and short time. In addition, the degree of freedom in design is widened, and the appearance can be made excellent in design.

  In addition, a plurality of exterior materials 17 are arranged in a row, and the plurality of exterior materials 17 are joined via a third airtight material 32. According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent air from leaking from the joint portion of the exterior member 17 and to improve the airtightness of the ventilation layer 21.

  Further, an upper frame member 23 and a lower frame member 27 that support end portions of the exterior member 17 are provided, and the upper frame member 23 and the lower frame member 27 are exteriorized via a first airtight member 30 and a second airtight member 31. The material 17 is supported. According to such a configuration, air can be prevented from leaking from the end portion of the exterior material 17, and the airtightness of the ventilation layer 21 can be improved.

  Moreover, these airtight materials are formed of an elastic material. According to such a structure, since airtightness can be ensured using a dry packing, workability is good. Further, the exterior material 17 can be held by an airtight elastic force.

  The base material 10 includes a fixing bracket 11 fixed to the outer wall 40, a frame bracket 12 that supports the exterior member 17, and a connection member 13 that connects the fixing bracket 11 and the frame bracket 12. 13 is connected to the fixing metal fitting 11 or the frame metal fitting 12 via a spacer material 14 formed of a resin material or a rubber material. According to such a configuration, the fixing metal 11 and the frame metal 12 are connected by the spacer material 14 formed of a resin material or a rubber material having a low thermal conductivity. The heat transmitted from 13 can be suppressed to prevent the cold bridge.

  A plurality of connecting members 13 are arranged at intervals. According to such a configuration, the ventilation layer 21 is not blocked by the connecting member 13 and a continuous space is formed. Therefore, it is only necessary to provide an opening / closing portion only at the upper and lower portions of the ventilation layer 21, thereby reducing the cost. be able to.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Base material 11 Fixing metal fitting 12 Frame metal fitting 13 Connection member 14 Spacer material 17 Exterior material 17a Mounting piece 17b Insertion groove 17c Projection piece 18 Screw 20 Heat insulation layer 21 Ventilation layer 22 Upper cover 23 Upper frame material 24 Upper opening formation member 24a Upper opening Portion 24b Upper opening / closing portion 24c Opening / closing means 26 Lower cover 27 Lower frame member 27a Drain hole 28 Lower opening forming member 28a Lower opening portion 28b Lower opening / closing portion 28c Opening / closing means 30 First hermetic material 31 Second hermetic material 32 Third Airtight material 40 Outer wall

Claims (9)

A base material fixed to the outer wall;
An exterior material attached via the base material;
With
A ventilation layer is formed between the outer wall and the exterior material,
In the upper and lower portions of the ventilation layer, an opening communicating with the outside air is provided,
An outer heat insulating structure, wherein an opening / closing part for opening and closing the opening is provided.   The outer heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing part is opened and closed by an opening / closing means made of an intelligent metal material.   The outer heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating layer made of a heat insulating material for building is provided on a surface of the outer wall.   The outer heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the exterior material is made of an extruded aluminum material.   5. The plurality of exterior materials are arranged in series, and the plurality of exterior materials are joined via an airtight material, according to claim 1. Outside heat insulation structure. Comprising a frame material that supports an end of the exterior material;
The outer heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the frame member supports the exterior member via an airtight member.   The outer heat insulating structure according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the airtight material is formed of an elastic material. The base material includes a fixing fitting fixed to the outer wall, a frame fitting that supports the exterior material, and a connection member that connects the fixing fitting and the frame fitting,
The said connection member is connected to the said fixing metal fitting or the said frame metal fitting through the spacer material formed with the resin-type material or the rubber-type material, The any one of Claims 1-7 characterized by the above-mentioned. The outer insulation structure described.   The outer heat insulating structure according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of the connecting members are arranged at intervals.

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