JP2017180591A - Washer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve oil film pressure of a washer compared to one whose slide surface is covered with a stepwise coating layer.SOLUTION: A washer 1 has a washer body that is a planar member formed into an annular shape. The washer body has end surfaces parallel with each other on its front and rear sides, because of the planar shape. One end surface of the washer body 16 is referred to as a first surface 10a. The first surface 10a has an oil groove 13a. The oil groove 13a is a groove configured to pass lubricant from an inner peripheral surface 17 toward an outer peripheral surface 18. In a region other than the oil groove 13a, of the first surface 10a, a coating layer 15a is coated. The coating layer 15a is divided into three parts, and each has a first taper parts 12a and a second taper 14a. The first taper part 12a is a portion inclined so that a height in a +z direction is made smaller toward one side in a circumferential direction. The second taper 14a is a portion inclined so that the height in the +z direction is made smaller toward the other side in the circumferential direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a washer that slides with another member.

  Some sliding members used in automobile engines and the like receive a thrust load on a sliding surface that slides with another member (a counterpart member). The sliding member is required to improve the oil film pressure even when rotating at a low speed.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a thrust receiving surface is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped thrust pad surfaces by radially formed oil supply grooves, and the thrust pad surface has a predetermined width and a predetermined predetermined height along the periphery. A thrust sliding bearing is disclosed in which a U-shaped first convex portion that projects toward the front and opens toward the front oil supply groove is formed.

JP 2013-148136 A

  The thrust pad surface structure described in Patent Document 1 has a stepped shape of up to three steps, and the lubricating oil could not flow smoothly compared to a sliding member having an inclined surface.

  On the other hand, this invention provides the washer which improved the oil film pressure compared with what the sliding surface was covered with the step-shaped coating layer.

  The present invention includes a washer body that is formed in an annular shape and that slides with another member on an end surface in the axial direction, and a coating layer that contains the resin that covers the end surface. A first taper portion that is inclined so that the height in the axial direction decreases as it proceeds along one side of the direction, and the height in the axial direction decreases as it proceeds along the other side in the circumferential direction. A washer having an inclined second taper portion.

  In the present invention, the washer body may slide with other members at both end faces in the axial direction, and the covering layer may cover the end faces.

  In the present invention, the first taper portion and the second taper portion may be mirror image symmetrical with a plane including the axis as a mirror surface.

  In the present invention, the coating layer provided on one of the end surfaces includes the coating layer provided on the other end surface, and the position of the first tapered portion or the second tapered portion in the circumferential direction. May be different.

  In the present invention, the end face may be provided with an oil groove for supplying lubricating oil toward the first tapered portion or the second tapered portion.

  In the present invention, the coating layer includes a ridge line along a radial direction of the washer body, a first taper portion not adjacent to each other, and a boundary between the first taper portion and the second taper portion adjacent to each other. The first taper part or an oil groove for supplying lubricating oil toward the second taper part between the second taper part, and the covering provided on one of the end faces The layer may have the ridgeline at the circumferential position where an oil groove is provided on the other end face.

  Further, the present invention has a washer body that is formed in an annular shape and slides with other members on an axial end surface, and a coating layer containing resin that covers the end surface, A first slope inclined so that the height in the axial direction decreases as it proceeds along one side in the circumferential direction, and a height in the axial direction decreases as it proceeds along the other side in the circumferential direction. A washer, wherein the covering layer includes a first taper portion covering the first slope and a second taper portion covering the second slope. I will provide a.

  According to the present invention, the oil film pressure can be improved as compared with the case where the sliding surface is covered with the step-shaped covering layer.

The disassembled perspective view which shows an example of the washer 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The figure which looked at the washer 1 from the 1st surface 10a side. The figure which shows the cross section Sc which cut | disconnected the washer 1 along the circle | round | yen centering on the axis | shaft O. FIG. Schematic for demonstrating the deformation | transformation of the coating layer 15a by sliding. The figure which shows the area | region of the washer main body 16 with which the coating layer 15a in the modification 7 was coat | covered.

1. Embodiment FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a washer 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The washer 1 has a washer body 16 which is a flat plate member formed in an annular shape. Since the washer body 16 is a flat plate, the front and back surfaces have end faces parallel to each other. One end face of the washer body 16 is called a first face 10a, and the other end face is called a second face 10b.

  The washer 1 slides with another member (referred to as a mating member) at these two end faces and receives a thrust load (a load along the axial direction) of the mating member. The washer body 16 has an inner peripheral surface 17 that is an inner surface of the ring and an outer peripheral surface 18 that is an outer surface. Various materials such as steel and bronze (for example, phosphor bronze) are preferably used as the material for the washer body 16.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a part of the first surface 10a of the washer body 16 is covered with a coating layer 15a containing a resin. Although not shown in FIG. 1, a part of the second surface 10b of the washer body 16 is also coated (coated) with a coating layer 15b containing a resin, like the first surface 10a. Since the coating layer 15a and the coating layer 15b (hereinafter simply referred to as “coating layer 15” when they are not distinguished from each other) are provided on the two end faces of the washer body 16, as described above, they slide with the mating member, It receives the thrust load. For the material of the covering layer 15, a resin such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PAI (polyamide-imide), PI (Polyimide) having a low friction coefficient is preferably used. Further, as the material of the coating layer 15, a composite member containing a hard material or a solid lubricant may be used.

  FIG. 2 is a view of the washer 1 as seen from the first surface 10a side. In FIG. 2, a space in which the washer 1 is arranged is represented as an xyz right-handed coordinate space, and among the coordinate symbols, a symbol in which a point is drawn in a circle represents an arrow from the back side to the near side. A direction along the x-axis in space is referred to as an x-axis direction. Of the x-axis directions, the direction in which the x component increases is referred to as + x direction, and the direction in which the x component decreases is referred to as -x direction. For the y and z components, the y-axis direction, + y direction, -y direction, z-axis direction, + z direction, and -z direction are defined according to the above definition.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the ring axis O of the washer main body 16 is arranged along the z-axis direction. The first surface 10a is the + z direction side of the washer body 16, and the second surface 10b (not shown in FIG. 2) is the −z direction side of the washer body 16. The inner peripheral surface 17 is a surface at a distance of a radius r0 from the axis O. The outer peripheral surface 18 is a surface at a distance of a radius r3 from the axis O.

  A plurality of notches 19 are provided on the inner peripheral surface 17 of the washer body 16. In the washer 1 shown in FIG. 2, notches 19 are provided at six locations on the inner peripheral surface 17. A portion of the notch 19 that is farthest from the axis O is separated from the axis O by a distance r1.

  The first surface 10a has an oil groove 13a. The oil groove 13 a is a groove through which the lubricating oil passes from the inner peripheral surface 17 to the outer peripheral surface 18. A region of the first surface 10a excluding the oil groove 13a is a plane perpendicular to the axis O, and is coated with the coating layer 15a.

  The covering layer 15a shown in FIG. 2 is divided into three portions, each having a first tapered portion 12a and a second tapered portion 14a. Each of the first taper portion 12a and the second taper portion 14a has a surface perpendicular to the axis O in the + z direction, that is, a surface inclined with respect to the first surface 10a. To do. However, the first taper portion 12a and the second taper portion 14a have different inclination directions.

  The phase θ shown in FIG. 2 is a value indicating the position of a point on the circumference centered on the axis O on the xy plane, and an angle formed by a vector directed from the axis O to the point and a vector in the + x direction. It is represented by Therefore, the phase θ indicates the + x direction at 0 degree, the + y direction at 90 degrees, the −x direction at 180 degrees, and the −y direction at 270 degrees.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross section Sc obtained by cutting the washer 1 along a circle drawn on the xy plane with the axis O as the center. A cross section S obtained by cutting the washer 1 is along a circle having a radius r2 centered on the axis O on the xy plane. Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the circle having the radius r <b> 2 is a line segment that connects “a part of the notch 19 that is farthest from the axis O” in the radial direction about the axis O and the “outer peripheral surface 18”. It is a circle that passes through the middle point. Therefore, the radius r2 is calculated by the following equation (1).
r2 = (r1 + r3) / 2 (1)

The distance between the portion of the notch 19 that is farthest from the axis O and the outer peripheral surface 18 is (r3-r1), and the circle described above passes through this midpoint, so if half of this distance is the distance r4 The radius r2 is also expressed by the following formula (2).
r2 = r1 + r4 (2)

  The radii r0, r2, r3 and the distance r1 are determined according to the size of the mating member supported by the washer 1, but for example, r0 = 24.5 mm, r1 = 26.5 mm, r2 = 29.5 mm, r3 = 32.5 mm, r4 = 3.0 mm, etc. (this example does not show the dimensions of the washer 1 in FIG. 2).

  FIG. 3 shows a shape of the cross section Sc represented by zθ coordinates composed of “z” indicating the position in the z-axis direction and “θ” indicating the phase θ. The first taper portion 12a is a portion that is inclined so that the height in the + z-axis direction decreases as it advances along one side in the circumferential direction (the side on which the phase θ increases in FIG. 3). The second taper portion 14a is a portion that is inclined so that the height in the + z-axis direction decreases as it advances along the other side in the circumferential direction (the side on which the phase θ decreases in FIG. 3).

  The first taper portion 12a and the second taper portion 14a (hereinafter simply referred to as “taper portions” when not distinguished from each other) included in the coating layer 15a divided into a plurality are adjacent to each other via the ridgeline P. The ridge line P extends along the radial direction of the washer 1, and is the portion of the coating layer 15a that protrudes most in the + z direction.

  The height of the ridge line P in the + z direction, that is, the height in the + z direction from the plane F0 where z = 0 is the height d1. Further, the thickness of the covering layer 15a in the z-axis direction corresponds to the distance from the position in the + z direction of the region covered by the covering layer 15a to the position in the + z direction of the ridge line P on the first surface 10a of the washer body 16. The thickness is d2 (thickness d2 << height d1). The thickness d2 is a positive value and does not become 0 mm or a negative value.

  The oil groove 13a is adjacent to the thinnest portion of the coating layer 15a, and its depth with respect to the position of the ridgeline P is a depth d3. The depth d3 is larger than the thickness d2 (thickness d2 << depth d3). Since the first taper portion 12a or the second taper portion 14a is adjacent to the oil groove 13a, the lubricating oil is supplied from at least the oil groove 13a toward any one of the taper portions according to the rotation direction of the washer 1. . That is, the oil groove 13a supplies lubricating oil toward the adjacent first tapered portion 12a or the second tapered portion 14a.

  Note that the positions shown in FIG. 3 are relative. Actually, height d1> depth d3 >> thickness d2. For example, height d1 = 1.0 mm (millimeter), depth d3 = 0.2 mm, and thickness d2 = 0.025 mm.

  The first taper portion 12a and the second taper portion 14a are mirror image symmetric with respect to a plane including the ridge line P and the axis O. That is, when the plane including the ridgeline P and the axis O is a mirror surface, the first taper portion 12a and the second taper portion 14a are mirror images of each other.

  With this configuration, the shape of the gap in which the lubricating oil is guided by sliding is the same even if the rotating direction of the counterpart member sliding with the washer 1 can be either forward or reverse.

  The thickness d2 is desirably 0.04 mm or less, and most desirably about 0.01 mm (for example, 0.005 mm or more and less than 0.015 mm).

  Since the coating layer 15 contains a resin, it is easily elastically deformed by receiving a thrust load from the mating member, and the ridgeline P is easy to disappear due to sliding with the mating member. FIG. 4 is a schematic view for explaining deformation of the covering layer 15a due to sliding. The first surface 10a is coated with a coating layer 15a having a first tapered portion 12a and a second tapered portion 14a. A mating member 8a is disposed on the first surface 10a side, and the mating member 8a slides between the washer 1 and the first surface 10a. At the time when the use of the washer 1 is started, as shown in FIG. 4A, the ridgeline P of the coating layer 15a is at a position closest to the counterpart member 8a. Therefore, the ridgeline P receives a thrust load in the −z direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4A and a shear stress in the circumferential direction from the counterpart member 8a.

  When the ridge line P is subjected to a thrust load in the -z direction or a shear stress in the circumferential direction, the ridge line P is "familiar" with the mating member 8a due to the influence of wear, frictional heat, or the like, and disappears and land along the first surface 10a. Part 11a is formed. The formed land portion 11a is adjacent to the first taper portion 12a at the ridge line P1 on the + θ side, and is adjacent to the second taper portion 14a at the ridge line P2 on the −θ side. In addition, the thickness of the coating layer 15a in the land portion 11a is a thickness d20 smaller than the thickness d2 of the coating layer 15a when the ridgeline P exists (d20 <d2).

  As described above, when the covering layer 15 of the washer 1 becomes compatible with the mating member, the covering layer 15 is formed with a land portion along the end face of the washer body at the boundary between the two tapered portions having different inclination angles. As shown in b), since the “taper / land structure” is obtained, for example, the lubricating oil induced in the gap between the counterpart member 8a and the first taper portion 12a supports the oil film pressure generated by the wedge effect by the land portion. The oil film pressure increases.

  Returning to FIG. 3, the configuration of the second surface 10b will be described. The 2nd surface 10b is also provided with the 1st taper part 12b, the 2nd taper part 14b, and the oil groove 13b. The first taper portion 12b, the second taper portion 14b, and the oil groove 13b have the same size, that is, the length in the circumferential direction and the depth in the z-axis direction, the arrangement in the circumferential direction, and the mirror image relationship. It is common with the 1 taper part 12a, the 2nd taper part 14a, and the oil groove 13a.

  That is, on the first surface 10a of the washer 1, the first taper portion 12a is inclined so that the height in the + z-axis direction decreases as it advances along one side in the circumferential direction, and along the other side in the circumferential direction. A set of the second taper portion 14a that is inclined so that the height in the + z-axis direction decreases as it advances and one oil groove 13a adjacent to one of these two taper portions is 120 on the first surface 10a. Three are provided for each degree.

  The second surface 10b of the washer 1 has a first taper portion 12b that is inclined so that the height in the −z-axis direction decreases as it advances along one side in the circumferential direction, and along the other side in the circumferential direction. The set of the second taper portion 14b that is inclined so that the height in the −z-axis direction decreases and the one oil groove 13b adjacent to one of these two taper portions is the second surface 10b. 3 are provided every 120 degrees.

  On the other hand, the coating layer 15a and the coating layer 15b are provided in different phases in the circumferential direction. For example, the covering layer 15a shown in FIG. 3 is provided so that the ridgeline P is arranged at 30 degrees or 150 degrees, but the covering layer 15b is provided so that the ridgeline P is arranged at 90 degrees. Yes. Therefore, the coating layer 15a and the coating layer 15b have a phase difference of 60 degrees in the circumferential direction. The cutout portions 19 are provided on the inner peripheral surface 17 of the washer 1 so as to overlap each other at a total of six locations corresponding to the ridgelines P of the three coating layers 15a and the three coating layers 15b.

  In this configuration, when a load in the z-axis direction is applied to the washer 1 from the mating member, the washer 1 is elastically deformed due to the phase difference between the configuration of the first surface 10a and the configuration of the second surface 10b.

  In particular, the coating layer 15a shown in FIG. 3 has a ridge line P at a circumferential position where the oil groove 13b is provided on the second surface 10b, and the coating layer 15b is provided with the oil groove 13a on the first surface 10a. It has a ridge line P at the circumferential position. The position in the circumferential direction of the coating layer 15a of the ridge line P that receives a thrust load from the counterpart member that slides in the + z direction is farthest from the counterpart member that slides in the -z direction on the second surface 10b that is the opposite end surface. The thrust load in the −z direction received by the coating layer 15a does not receive the opposite drag force from the second surface 10b because the oil groove 13b is present, and thus easily contributes to the elastic deformation of the washer 1.

  When the washer 1 is elastically deformed, the axial heights of the covering layer 15a and the covering layer 15b are reduced, and the difference in height in the axial direction between the respective tapered portions is reduced, so that the gap between the mating member and the tapered portion is narrowed. The “wedge effect” generated by the induction of lubricating oil in this gap increases.

2. Modification The above is the description of the embodiment, but the contents of this embodiment can be modified as follows. Further, the following modifications may be combined.

2-1. Modification 1
In the embodiment described above, the covering layer 15a covers the entire region other than the oil groove 13a, but may cover a part thereof. For example, the washer 1 may have a portion where the coating layer 15a is not covered between the oil groove 13a and the first taper portion 12a or between the oil groove 13a and the second taper portion 14a. . The covering layer 15a may cover the entire first surface 10a including the oil groove 13a.

  Even in this configuration, since the tapered portion is inclined in the circumferential direction, the angle formed by the tapered portion and the counterpart member is relatively acute, and the lubricating oil flowing on the surface of the tapered portion follows this inclination. It is guided in the direction in which the gap with the counterpart member becomes narrow, and a wedge effect is produced.

2-2. Modification 2
In the embodiment described above, the first surface 10a of the washer 1 has the first taper portion 12a that is inclined so that the height in the + z-axis direction decreases as it advances along one side in the circumferential direction, and the other in the circumferential direction. A set of a second taper portion 14a that is inclined so that the height in the + z-axis direction decreases as it travels along the side, and one oil groove 13a adjacent to one of these two taper portions is the first. Although three are provided every 120 degrees on the surface 10a, the number of these sets provided on the end surface is not limited to three. As long as there are a plurality of these sets, there may be two, or four or more.

2-3. Modification 3
In the embodiment described above, the oil groove 13a is provided on the first surface 10a of the washer 1, and the oil groove 13b is provided on the second surface 10b. However, the oil groove is provided only on one of the end surfaces. May be. Further, the oil groove need not be provided on any end face.

  Moreover, the taper part mentioned above may be provided only in any one end surface by the coating layer 15 being coated. In this case, the washer 1 may slide with the mating member only at the end surface on the side where the tapered portion is provided.

2-4. Modification 4
In the embodiment described above, the first taper portion 12a and the second taper portion 14a are mirror-symmetric with respect to a plane including the ridgeline P and the axis O, but may be asymmetric. For example, when the rotation direction of the mating member is limited to one direction, the tapered portion on which the lubricating oil is guided has a smaller angle with respect to the plane perpendicular to the axis O than the tapered portion on the non-guided side. It only has to be designed.

2-5. Modification 5
In the embodiment described above, the coating layer 15a provided on the first surface 10a differs from the coating layer 15b provided on the second surface 10b in the positions of the land portions 11a and the land portions 11b in the circumferential direction. These positions may be the same.

2-6. Modification 6
In the above-described embodiment, the cutout portions 19 are provided on the inner peripheral surface 17 of the washer 1 so as to overlap each other in a total of six locations corresponding to the three land portions 11a and the three land portions 11b. The notch 19 may not be provided. For example, the lubricating oil may be configured to go back and forth between the first surface 10a and the second surface 10b through a gap with the shaft accommodated in the inner peripheral surface 17. Further, holes in the direction along the axis O may be provided in the oil groove 13a, the tapered portion 12a, or the like. Since these holes are holes through which the lubricating oil passes, the lubricating oil moves back and forth between the first surface 10a and the second surface 10b.

2-7. Modification 7
In the embodiment described above, the plane perpendicular to the axis O excluding the oil groove 13a of the first surface 10a is coated with the coating layer 15a, but the end surface of the washer body 16 covered by the coating layer 15a is It is not limited to a plane perpendicular to the axis O. The first surface 10a to be coated with the covering layer 15a may have, for example, a slope inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis O.

  FIG. 5 is a view showing a region of the washer body 16 covered with the covering layer 15a in the modified example 7. On the end surface of the washer body 16 in the + z direction, a first inclined surface 102a that is inclined so that the height in the + z direction decreases as it advances along one side in the circumferential direction (the side on which the phase θ increases in FIG. 5); There is provided a second inclined surface 104a that inclines so that the height in the + z direction decreases as it proceeds along the other side in the circumferential direction (the side on which the phase θ decreases in FIG. 5).

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the covering layer 15a forms the first tapered portion 12a by the portion covering the first inclined surface 102a, and forms the second tapered portion 14a by the portion covering the second inclined surface 104a. And the ridgeline P along a radial direction is formed in the boundary of the 1st taper part 12a and the 2nd taper part 14a.

  Even in this case, when the coating layer 15a is adapted by sliding with the counterpart member 8a, the ridge line P disappears and a land portion 11a is newly formed. The land portion 11a and the first taper portion 12a and the second taper portion 14a remaining on both sides in the circumferential direction cause the washer 1 to generate a wedge effect with respect to both forward and reverse rotations. Therefore, as described above, the oil film pressure due to the lubricating oil increases.

1 ... washers,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10a ... 1st surface 10b ... 2nd surface 11a, 11b ... Land part 12a, 12b ... 1st taper part 13a, 13b ... Oil groove 14a, 14b ... 2nd taper part 15a, 15b ... Cover layer 16 ... Washer main body 17 ... Inner peripheral surface 18 ... Outer peripheral surface 19 ... Notch 8a ... Mating member O ... Axis P ... Ridge line

Claims (7)

A washer body which is formed in an annular shape and slides with other members on an axial end surface;
A coating layer containing a resin that covers the end surface;
The covering layer has a first taper portion that is inclined so that the axial height decreases as it advances along one side in the circumferential direction, and the axial height as it advances along the other side in the circumferential direction. And a second taper portion that is inclined so as to reduce the thickness. The washer body slides with other members at both end faces in the axial direction,
The washer according to claim 1, wherein the covering layer covers each of the end faces. The washer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first taper portion and the second taper portion are mirror image symmetrical with a plane including the axis as a mirror surface. The covering layer provided on one end face among the end faces differs from the covering layer provided on the other end face in the position of the first tapered portion or the second tapered portion in the circumferential direction. The washer according to claim 2, wherein The washer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an oil groove that supplies lubricating oil toward the first tapered portion or the second tapered portion is provided on the end face. . The coating layer is
A ridge line along the radial direction of the washer body at the boundary between the first tapered portion and the second tapered portion adjacent to each other;
An oil groove for supplying lubricating oil toward the first taper part or the second taper part between the first taper part and the second taper part not adjacent to each other;
The washer according to claim 2, wherein the coating layer provided on one end face of the end faces has the ridge line at a position in the circumferential direction where an oil groove is provided on the other end face. A washer body which is formed in an annular shape and slides with other members on an axial end surface;
A coating layer containing a resin that covers the end surface;
The end surface has a first inclined surface that is inclined such that the height in the axial direction decreases as it advances along one side in the circumferential direction, and the height in the axial direction as it advances along the other side in the circumferential direction. A second slope sloped to decrease,
The said coating layer has a 1st taper part which coat | covers the said 1st slope, and a 2nd taper part which coat | covers the said 2nd slope. The washer characterized by the above-mentioned.

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