JP2017180264A - Electronic control device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electronic control device which is low in cost, can detect a shift operation of a driver at sufficient accuracy in terms of a practical use, and can contribute to the improvement of the drivability of a vehicle.SOLUTION: An electric control device 1 is employed to a vehicle having an engine E and a transmission T for gear-changing an output of the engine E, and has a control part 5g for controlling an operation state of the engine E by using an electric signal from a shift sensor 12 which detects a shift operation of an operation member 21 arranged for shift-operating a gear position of the transmission T, and an electric signal from a gear position sensor 13 which detects a gear position of the transmission T. The control part 5g learns voltage values VS, VSof the electric signal from the shift sensor 12 on the basis of a change of a voltage value of the electric signal from the gear position sensor 13.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic control device, and more particularly to an electronic control device mounted on a vehicle including a shift sensor that detects a shift operation by a driver.

  Some straddle-type vehicles such as motorcycles include a shift sensor that detects a shift operation by a driver. In a vehicle provided with such a shift sensor, when a shift operation by the driver is detected based on an electric signal from the shift sensor, the engine operating state is controlled in order to enable a quick gear shift according to the shift operation. Some of them employ a configuration for executing engine output control such as weakening the output.

  Under such circumstances, Patent Document 1 relates to a shift control device for a motorcycle, and determines a shift operation start timing based on a detection signal of a shift operation detector composed of a load sensor provided in the shift device, and detects shift drum operation. A configuration is disclosed that includes a control unit that smoothly changes the engine output by controlling the intake air amount to the engine in accordance with the shift speed detected by the compressor.

JP 2006-77623 A

  However, according to the study of the present inventor, the configuration of Patent Document 1 intends to smoothly control a shift operation that does not require a clutch operation by controlling the engine output that is more optimal for each shift stage. However, the shift operation detector does not deal with the tolerance of the shift operation, that is, the shift sensor that detects the shift request by the driver.

  Here, according to the study of the present inventor, the tolerance of the shift sensor includes a detection tolerance included in the characteristics of the shift sensor itself, a mounting tolerance of the shift sensor on the vehicle, and the like. If this is not done, not only may there be a situation where the detection accuracy of the shift operation decreases, but the engine output control that should be realized in accordance with the shift operation is not properly performed. As a result, there may be a case where the driving feeling and drivability of the vehicle deteriorate.

  Further, according to the study of the present inventor, in order to cope with the tolerance of such a shift sensor, a shift sensor with high detection accuracy is selected and used, and the shift sensor is installed in the vehicle by a skilled assembling worker. It is conceivable to set the detection threshold value for the shift operation in consideration of the tolerances of the shift sensor and / or assembly with high accuracy.

  However, selecting and using a shift sensor with high detection accuracy inherently increases the purchase cost of the shift sensor, and if a shift sensor is assembled to a vehicle with high accuracy by a skilled assembly operator, a large number of vehicles are required. Driving feelings and drivers that should lead to obstacles in production and / or improve the detection of shift operations taking into account the tolerances of shift sensors should be improved due to an uncomfortable feeling in driving the vehicle. As a result, there will be room for improvement.

  The present invention has been made through the above-described studies, and is capable of detecting a driver's shift operation at low cost and with practically sufficient accuracy, and contributes to an improvement in vehicle drivability. An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic control device that can perform the above-described operation.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is mounted on a vehicle including an engine and a transmission for shifting the output of the engine, and an operation member provided for shifting the gear position of the transmission. An electrical signal from a shift sensor for detecting the shift operation of
An electrical signal from a gear position sensor for detecting the gear position of the transmission;
In the electronic control device having a control unit that controls the operating state of the engine using the control unit, the control unit is configured to change the electric signal from the shift sensor based on a change in the voltage value of the electric signal from the gear position sensor. Learning the voltage value is a first aspect.

  Further, according to the present invention, in addition to the first aspect, in response to the voltage value of the electrical signal from the gear position sensor changing and exhibiting a predetermined threshold value, the control unit outputs from the shift sensor. Learning the voltage value of the electrical signal to obtain a learned value is a second aspect.

  In addition to the second aspect, the present invention is a straddle-type vehicle in which the vehicle transmits engine driving force to driving wheels through a main clutch and a dog transmission as the transmission in order. The control unit outputs the engine in a direction in which the dog teeth of the dog-type transmission are separated from each other when the voltage value of the electrical signal from the shift sensor becomes the learning value obtained in advance. The third aspect is to start the control.

  The electronic control device according to the first aspect of the present invention described above is applied to a vehicle including an engine and a transmission that changes the output of the engine, and is provided for a shift operation of the gear position of the transmission. A control unit that controls the operating state of the engine using an electrical signal from a shift sensor that detects a shift operation of the control member and an electrical signal from a gear position sensor that detects a gear position of the transmission. Since the control unit learns the voltage value of the electric signal from the shift sensor based on the change in the voltage value of the electric signal from the gear position sensor, it is low in cost and has sufficient practical accuracy. The shift operation of the driver can be detected, and it can contribute to the improvement of the drivability of the vehicle.

  Further, according to the electronic control device according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the control unit changes the voltage value of the electric signal from the gear position sensor and exhibits a predetermined threshold value, Since the learning value is obtained by learning the voltage value of the signal, the shift operation of the driver can be detected with a simple configuration at low cost and with practically sufficient accuracy. It can contribute to the improvement of drivability.

  Further, according to the electronic control device according to the third aspect of the present invention, the straddle-type vehicle in which the vehicle sequentially transmits the driving force of the engine to the drive wheels through the main clutch and the dog type transmission as the transmission. The control unit starts engine output control in the direction in which the dog teeth of the dog-type transmission are separated from each other when the voltage value of the electrical signal from the shift sensor becomes a learned value obtained in advance. Therefore, the dog teeth can be smoothly separated from each other, and the gear shift of the transmission accompanying the shift operation of the driver can be smoothly performed, which contributes to the improvement of the drivability of the vehicle.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a dog transmission or the like to which the electronic control device according to the present embodiment is applied, and FIG. 2B is a dog shown in FIG. It is a typical enlarged view which shows a part of type transmission. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram mainly showing a learning voltage value obtained by the electronic control device according to the present embodiment learning the voltage value of the electric signal of the shift sensor during the up-shifting operation, and FIG. Schematic diagram mainly showing the relationship between the threshold voltage of the electrical signal of the gear position sensor and the learned voltage value of the electrical signal of the shift sensor when the electronic control device in the embodiment learns the voltage value of the electrical signal of the shift sensor during the upshift operation It is. 4 (a) is a schematic diagram mainly showing a learning voltage value obtained by the electronic control device according to the present embodiment learning the voltage value of the electric signal of the shift sensor during the downshift operation, and FIG. 4 (b) is a diagram illustrating the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram mainly showing the relationship between the threshold voltage of the electrical signal of the gear position sensor and the learned voltage value of the electrical signal of the shift sensor when the electronic control device in FIG. is there.

  Hereinafter, an electronic control device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.

[Configuration of electronic control unit, etc.]
First, with reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2, the structure of the electronic control apparatus in this embodiment, a dog type transmission etc. to which it is applied is demonstrated.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an electronic control device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a dog transmission or the like to which the electronic control device according to this embodiment is applied, and FIG. 2 (b) is shown in FIG. 2 (a). It is a typical enlarged view which shows a part of dog type transmission shown.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an electronic control unit (ECU) 1 according to this embodiment typically includes an internal combustion engine through a crankshaft 61, a main clutch 51, and a dog transmission T in order. It is mounted on a straddle-type vehicle such as a motorcycle that transmits the output of the engine (engine) E to a driving wheel (not shown) as a driving force, and controls the operating state of the engine E and the like.

  The electronic control unit 1 includes A / D (Analog to Digital) converters 2a to 2d, a waveform shaping circuit 3, a central processing unit (CPU) 4, a motor drive circuit 6, a spark plug drive circuit 7, and A fuel injection valve drive circuit 8 is provided. The CPU 4 includes a clutch state detector 5a, a shift operation detector 5b, a gear position detector 5c, a throttle opening calculator 5d, an accelerator opening calculator 5e, an engine speed calculator 5f, and a controller 5g. Yes. The clutch state detection unit 5a, shift operation detection unit 5b, gear position detection unit 5c, throttle opening calculation unit 5d, accelerator opening calculation unit 5e, and engine speed calculation unit 5f are typically controlled by the CPU 4. Although configured as functional blocks during program execution, these may be configured as electrical circuits as necessary. The electronic control device 1 includes a memory (not shown) and the like, and the memory stores a control program and control data necessary for the arithmetic processing of the CPU 4.

  Specifically, the A / D converters 2 a to 2 d are output from the shift sensor 12 and are rotated by the driver (the rotation position) of the shift pedal 21, and thus the speed change operation (shift operation) via the shift pedal 21. An electric signal indicating whether or not there is an electric signal output from the gear position sensor 13 and an electric signal indicating the rotational position (rotation angle) of the shift drum 31 of the dog transmission T, and an electric signal output from the throttle opening sensor 15 and the throttle motor 14 The electric signal indicating the opening degree of the throttle valve, not shown, and the electric signal output from the accelerator opening degree sensor 16 and indicating the operation amount of the accelerator operation member, not shown, are digitally converted from analog form. Convert each into form. The A / D converters 2a to 2d output the electrical signals thus converted to digital form to the CPU 4. In addition, illustration is abbreviate | omitted about the input circuit provided in the front | former stage of A / D converter 2a-2d in the electronic control apparatus 1 for convenience.

  Here, the shift sensor 12 and the gear position sensor 13 are typically Hall sensors each using a Hall element. The shift sensor 12 is an electric device in which the shift pedal 21 is fixed according to a shift operation by the driver of the shift pedal 21 that is a shift operation member and indicates the rotation angle of the shift shaft 22 that is the rotation shaft on the vehicle side. Output a signal. The rotation of the shift pedal 21 accompanying the shift operation by the driver is transmitted to the shift arm 23 fixed to the shift shaft 22 using the shift pedal 21 as a rotation shaft. Since a gear portion (not shown) is provided at one end portion of the shift arm 23, the rotation of the shift pedal 21 accompanying the shift operation by the driver is performed by the shift drum 31 via the gear portion of the shift arm 23. This is transmitted to a shift gear 24 fixed to a drum shaft 32 that is a rotation shaft, whereby the drum shaft 32, that is, the shift drum 31 is rotated. The gear position sensor 13 outputs an electric signal indicating the rotation angle of the drum shaft 32 according to the gear position (gear position) of the dog transmission T. The shift sensor 12 and the gear position sensor 13 can be suitably used as long as their output signals have linear characteristics, and a strain sensor or the like can be used in addition to the Hall sensor.

  For example, in a dog-type transmission T, assuming a configuration in which a fixed transmission gear 41 is mounted on an input shaft 46 and a free transmission gear 42 and a slide transmission gear 43 are mounted on a drive shaft 47, a shift drum is assumed. The rotation of 31 is transmitted to a shift fork 34 which is disposed in a cam groove 33 formed in the cam groove 33 and moves following the cam groove. The shift fork 34 moves correspondingly, so that the slide transmission gear 43 is moved. It is translated while mounted on the drive shaft 47. When the slide transmission gear 43 is moved toward the free transmission gear 42 and is in a position close to each other, the dog teeth 44 and 45 can be engaged with each other. In other words, when the main clutch 51 is in the connected state and the dog teeth 44 and 45 are in contact with each other and the dog teeth 44 press the dog teeth 45, the rotational force of the crankshaft 61 is applied to the main clutch 51 and the input. The shaft 46, the fixed speed change gear 41, the free speed change gear 42, the slide speed change gear 43, and the drive shaft 47 are finally transmitted to the drive wheels in this order. Further, when the main clutch 51 is in the connected state and the dog teeth 44 and 45 are in contact with each other and one of them is in the engaged state in which the other is pushed, the shift fork 34 is used to move the slide transmission gear 43 to the free transmission gear. Since it becomes difficult to move away from 42, shifting to another gear position becomes difficult. The dog teeth 44 and 45 may have a configuration in which one of them is a concave tooth that accommodates the other convex tooth, in addition to the configuration in which both are convex teeth. As the main clutch 51, a dry multi-plate friction clutch can be suitably used. A series of components from the shift pedal 21 to the shift fork 34 constitutes the shift mechanism S.

  The waveform shaping circuit 3 shapes the crank pulse signal output from the crank angle sensor 17 and indicating the rotation angle of the crankshaft 61 of the engine E, and generates a digital pulse signal. The waveform shaping circuit 3 outputs the digital pulse signal thus generated to the CPU 4. In addition, illustration is abbreviate | omitted about the input circuit provided in the front | former stage of the waveform shaping circuit 3 in the electronic control apparatus 1 for convenience.

  The clutch state detection unit 5 a detects connection or disconnection of the main clutch 51 based on an electric signal that is input from the clutch switch 11 and indicates an operation state when the driver connects or disconnects the main clutch 51. Information indicating the on / off state of the main clutch 51 detected by the clutch state detection unit 5a in this way is used by the control unit 5g. In addition, about the input circuit in the electronic control apparatus 1 into which the electric signal from the clutch switch 11 is input, illustration is abbreviate | omitted for convenience.

  The shift operation detection unit 5b is input from the shift sensor 12 via the A / D converter 2a, and the driver operates the shift pedal 21 to perform the shift operation of the dog type transmission T or the driver shifts. A shift operation of the dog transmission T is detected based on an electrical signal indicating whether or not the shift operation is performed when the operation is not performed. Information indicating the presence or absence of a shift operation of the dog transmission T detected by the shift operation detection unit 5b in this way is used by the control unit 5g.

  The gear position detector 5c is input from the gear position sensor 13 via the A / D converter 2b and based on an electric signal indicating the rotation angle of the shift drum 31 of the dog transmission T, based on the dog transmission T Detect the gear (gear position) selected with. The gear position detected in this way by the gear position calculation unit 5c is used by the control unit 5g.

  The throttle opening calculation unit 5d is inputted from the throttle opening sensor 15 via the A / D converter 2c and based on an electric signal indicating the actual opening of the throttle valve of the engine E, the actual opening of the throttle valve. (Throttle opening) is calculated. The throttle opening calculated in this way by the throttle opening calculation unit 5d is used by the control unit 5g.

  The accelerator opening calculation unit 5e calculates the accelerator opening based on an electric signal that is input from the accelerator opening sensor 16 via the A / D converter 2d and that indicates the operation amount of the accelerator operation member. The accelerator opening calculated in this way by the accelerator opening calculator 5e is used by the controller 5g. The accelerator operation member is typically an accelerator grip in a saddle riding type vehicle.

  The engine speed calculation unit 5f is inputted from the crank angle sensor 17 via the waveform shaping circuit 3 and based on an electric signal indicating the crank angle of the engine E (rotation angle of the crankshaft 61), the actual engine speed. Calculate (engine speed). The engine speed calculated in this way by the engine speed calculator 5f is used by the controller 5g.

  The controller 5g includes a gear position detected by the gear position detector 5c, a throttle opening calculated by the throttle opening calculator 5d, an accelerator opening calculated by the accelerator opening calculator 5e, and an engine speed calculator 5f. In addition to controlling the operation state of the engine E by controlling the operation of the throttle motor 14, spark plug 18, fuel injection valve 19 and the like based on the calculated engine speed and the like, the clutch state detection unit 5a is provided with the main clutch. When the shift operation detector 5b detects the shift operation of the dog transmission T by the driver's operation of the shift pedal 21 in the state where the connection of 51 is detected, the dog teeth 44 of the dog transmission T, The engagement of the 45 is disengaged or weakened so that the dog-type transmission T can be shifted so that the drive by the throttle motor 14 is driven. By adjusting the throttle opening of the Jin E, to control the operating state so as to temporarily change the output of the engine E. In such a case, specifically, when the dog teeth 44 are pushing the dog teeth 45, the control unit 5 g moves the free transmission gear 42 via the fixed transmission gear 41 so that the dog teeth 44 move away from the dog teeth 45. In order to rotate the engine E, the operating state of the engine E is controlled to change its output in a decreasing direction. On the other hand, when the dog teeth 45 are pushing the dog teeth 44, the control unit 5g should rotate the free transmission gear 42 via the fixed transmission gear 41 so that the dog teeth 44 move away from the dog teeth 45. The operating state of the engine E is controlled, and the output is changed in the increasing direction.

  The motor drive circuit 6 controls the throttle opening of the engine E by driving the throttle motor 14 in accordance with a control signal from the control unit 5g.

  The spark plug drive circuit 7 controls the electromotive force of a secondary coil (not shown) according to a control signal from the control unit 5g, thereby igniting the engine by the spark plug 18 of the engine E, that is, starting ignition. A series of ignition operations such as stop and restart are controlled.

  The fuel injection valve drive circuit 8 drives the fuel injection valve 19 in accordance with a control signal from the control unit 5g, thereby injecting the fuel into the engine E. The fuel injection operation of the fuel injection valve 19, that is, starting and stopping of fuel injection And a series of fuel injection operations such as restart.

  The electronic control device 1 having the above-described configuration detects the driver's shift operation at a low cost and with sufficient practical accuracy by executing the following shift sensor voltage learning process. This contributes to improved vehicle drivability. Hereinafter, the operation of the electronic control unit 1 when executing the shift sensor voltage learning process will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. The shift sensor voltage learning process will be described assuming that the dog type transmission T is a forward shift type and a six-speed return type. However, in principle, the dog type transmission T is of a reverse shift type. However, the number of gear positions may be different from the 6th speed, or may be a rotary type. The timing for executing the shift sensor voltage learning process is as follows: when working at the end of a production line in a factory where a vehicle equipped with the electronic control device 1 is manufactured, during maintenance at a dealer of the vehicle, and For example, the user's own maintenance.

[Shift sensor voltage learning process]
FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram mainly illustrating a learning voltage value obtained by the electronic control device 1 according to the present embodiment learning a voltage value of an electric signal of the shift sensor 12 during a shift-up operation, and FIG. The threshold voltage of the electric signal of the gear position sensor 13 and the learning voltage value of the electric signal of the shift sensor 12 when the electronic control device 1 in the present embodiment learns the voltage value of the electric signal of the shift sensor 12 during the upshift operation. It is a schematic diagram which mainly shows a relationship. FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram mainly illustrating a learning voltage value obtained by the electronic control device 1 according to the present embodiment learning the voltage value of the electric signal of the shift sensor 12 during the downshift operation, and FIG. The threshold voltage of the electric signal of the gear position sensor 13 and the learning voltage value of the electric signal of the shift sensor 12 when the electronic control unit 1 in the present embodiment learns the voltage value of the electric signal of the shift sensor 12 during the downshift operation. It is a schematic diagram which mainly shows the relationship.

  The shift sensor voltage learning process in the present embodiment is performed by a learning operator for each vehicle on which the shift sensor 12 is mounted in order to accurately detect a shift request by the driver while absorbing tolerances related to the shift sensor 12. The process of learning the voltage value of the electric signal output from the shift sensor 12 is performed at the timing when the shift drum 31 starts to rotate by operating the shift pedal 21. Here, the information used to detect the timing at which the shift drum 31 starts to rotate is the voltage value exhibited by the electrical signal of the gear position sensor 13, and the control unit 5g exhibits the electrical signal of the gear position sensor 13. Learning the voltage value exhibited by the electric signal of the shift sensor 12 at the timing when the voltage value becomes a predetermined threshold as the voltage value at the timing when the shift request by the driver, that is, the shift operation is considered to have been reliably performed It is.

  In the shift sensor voltage learning process, as the electrical signal of the shift sensor 12, the output electrical signal from the shift sensor 12 that exhibits an output voltage value proportional to the rotation angle of the shift shaft 22 as the rotation angle of the shift pedal 21 is used as it is. However, in consideration of detection accuracy, convenience, and the like, it is preferable to use an output electric signal from the A / D converter 2a obtained by A / D converting the electric signal output from the shift sensor 12. Further, as an electrical signal of the gear position sensor 13, an output electrical signal from the gear position sensor 13 that exhibits an output voltage value proportional to the rotation angle of the drum shaft 32 as the rotation angle of the shift drum 31 can be used as it is. Considering the accuracy and convenience of detection, it is preferable to use the output electric signal from the A / D converter 2b obtained by A / D converting the electric signal output from the gear position sensor 13. Therefore, in FIGS. 3 and 4, the voltage VS of the electric signal output from the A / D converter 2 a is used as the voltage VS of the electric signal of the shift sensor 12, and the voltage VG of the electric signal of the gear position sensor 13 is used. Uses the voltage of the output electric signal from the A / D converter 2b.

  Specifically, first, a shift sensor voltage learning process in the case of shifting up the dog transmission T will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). Note that the subscript n shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B is an integer of 2 to 5.

In the shift sensor voltage learning process, the control unit 5g operates the shift operator 21 to lift up the shift pedal 21 (shift-up operation), from the second speed to the third speed, from the third speed to the fourth speed, from the fourth speed to the fifth speed, 5 when began to sequentially shifted up to a speed to sixth speed, the value of the electrical signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 at the time of upshifting from the second speed to the third speed from VG ₂ to the threshold value (VG ₂ + [Delta] V _u2) The value VS _2u of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 at the time of reaching is stored in the memory, and the value of the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 when shifting up from the third speed to the fourth speed is changed from VG ₃ to a threshold value (VG ₃ + ΔV _u3 ), the value VS _3u of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 when reaching ( ₃ + ΔV _u3 ) is stored in the memory, and the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 when shifting up from the fourth speed to the fifth speed is stored. Value threshold from VG ₄ values _{VS 4u} of the electrical signal VS of the shift sensor 12 when it reaches the (VG ₄ + ΔV _u4) is stored in the memory, a gear position sensor 13 at the time of shifting up to 5 gear 6-speed the value of the electrical signal VG stores the value _{VS 5u} electrical signal VS of the shift sensor 12 when it reaches the VG ₅ to the threshold (VG ₅ + ΔV _u5) in the memory of the. Next, the control unit 5g reads the values VS _{2u to} VS _5u of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 from the memory, and when these are within the corresponding allowable voltage range (VS _nuL or more and VS _nuH or less). Determines that the shift operation of the learning operator is appropriate. If the values VS _{2u to} VS _5u of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 read from the memory are not within the corresponding allowable voltage range (VS _nuL or more and VS _nuH or less), the learning operator shifts. Since it is determined that the operation is not appropriate, measures such as performing the learning operation again are required. Further, whether or not the value _VS 2u _{~VS 5u} electrical signal VS is in the corresponding allowable voltage range _{(VS NUL} or _{VS nuh} the range) determination, obtains the value _VS 2u _{~VS 5u} electrical signal VS You can go there each time.

When the control unit 5g determines that the shift operation of the learning operator is appropriate, in the learning process in the shift sensor voltage learning process, the control unit 5g similarly performs the upshift operation by the learning operator. Gear position sensor when shifting up from 2nd to 3rd when shifting from 2nd to 3rd, 3rd to 4th, 4th to 5th, 5th to 6th the value of the electrical signal VG of 13 threshold from _{VG 2 (VG 2 + ΔV u2} ) to reach the point (time t _{= t 2u)} stored in the memory the value _{VS 2u} electrical signal VS of the shift sensor 12 as a learning voltage value of and, the shift sensor 12 at the time when the value of the electrical signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 at the time of upshifting from the third speed to the fourth speed has reached the VG ₃ to the threshold (VG ₃ + ΔV _u3) (time t _{= t 3u)} The value VS _3u of the electric signal VS is stored in the memory as a learning voltage value, and the value of the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 when shifting up from the fourth speed to the fifth speed is changed from VG ₄ to a threshold value (VG ₄ + ΔV _u4 ). The value VS _4u of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 at the time of reaching (time t = t _4u ) is stored in the memory as a learning voltage value, and the gear position sensor 13 when shifting up from the fifth speed to the sixth speed is stored. the value of the electrical signal VG is stored in memory as a value _{VS 5u} learned voltage value of the electrical signal VS of the shift sensor 12 when you reach the VG ₅ to the threshold (VG ₅ + ΔV _u5) (time _{t =} t _5u). Further, n in gear when the value of the electrical signal VG of (n + 1) at the time of shift-up to the gear position sensor 13 has reached the threshold (VG _n + ΔV _un) from VG _n (time _{t =} t _nu), the The value of the flag FLu indicating the information is changed from 0 to 1.

Here, from the viewpoint of improving the reliability of the learning process, it is preferable to perform this process a plurality of times, and the average value of the plurality of learning voltage values for each upshift operation is the representative learning voltage value for each upshift operation. However, in view of the fact that the voltage value presented by the electrical signal of the shift sensor 12 changes in the increasing direction due to the rotation of the shift drum 31 accompanying the lifting operation of the shift pedal 21, From the viewpoint of improving the detection sensitivity, it is preferable to store the minimum value of the plurality of learning voltage values for each upshift operation in the memory as the representative learning voltage value for each upshift operation. As described above, when the voltage value of the electric signal VS from the shift sensor 12 becomes the learning voltage value (representative learning voltage value) obtained in advance, the dog teeth 44 and 45 of the dog type transmission T are separated from each other. In starting the output control of the engine E in the direction, selecting the minimum value of the plurality of learning voltage values as the representative learning voltage value includes shifting up from a plurality of gear positions by the lifting operation of the shift pedal 21. This means that the learning voltage value corresponding to the upshift that can be executed at the earliest timing is selected. For this reason, after the start of the upshifting operation by the driver, the output of the engine E can be temporarily changed at an early stage so that the dog type transmission T can be shifted. Further, in order to detect the start of the rotation of the shift drum 31 due to the lifting operation of the shift pedal 21, the threshold value (VG _n + ΔV _un ) of the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 is at least before the shifting up operation. The voltage value VG _n of the electrical signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 and the voltage value VG _{n + 1} of the electrical signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 after the upshifting operation are required to be smaller, and the detection sensitivity is further increased. In order to improve, the threshold value (VG _n + ΔV _un ) of the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 is larger than the voltage value VG _n of the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 before the upshifting operation, but a value close thereto. It is preferable that

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B, a shift sensor voltage learning process when the dog transmission T is shifted down will be described. The subscript m shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B is an integer of 2 to 5.

In the shift sensor voltage learning process, the control unit 5g operates the shift operator 21 to depress the shift pedal 21 (shift-down operation), from 6th to 5th, 5th to 4th, 4th to 3rd, third speed when began to sequentially shifted down and to the second speed, 6 speed to the value of the electrical signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 at the time of downshifting to the fifth speed threshold from VG _{6 (VG} 6 - [Delta] V _d6) The value VS _5d of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 when reaching the shift value is stored in the memory, and the value of the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 when shifting down from the fifth speed to the fourth speed is changed from VG ₅ to a threshold value ( The value VS _4d of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 when VG ₅ −ΔV _d5 ) is reached is stored in the memory, and the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 when shifting down from the fourth speed to the third speed is stored. The value VS _3d of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 when the value of VG ₄ reaches the threshold value (VG ₄ −ΔV _d4 ) from VG ₄ is stored in the memory, and the gear position when shifting down from the third speed to the second speed the value of the electrical signal VG of the sensor 13 is to store the value _{VS 2d} of the electrical signal VS of the shift sensor 12 when it reaches the VG ₃ to the threshold _(VG 3 - [Delta] V _d3) in the memory. Next, the control unit 5g, when containing from during a memory read values _VS 2d _{~VS 5d} of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12, the allowable voltage range of these corresponding _{(VS MDL} or _{VS MDH} the range) Determines that the shift operation of the learning operator is appropriate. If the values VS _{2d to} VS _5d of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 read from the memory are not within the corresponding allowable voltage range (VS _mdL or more and VS _mdH or less), the learning operator shifts. Since it is determined that the operation is not appropriate, measures such as performing the learning operation again are required. Further, whether or not the value _VS 2d _{~VS 5d} of the electric signal VS is in the corresponding allowable voltage range _{(VS MDL} or _{VS MDH} the range) determination, obtains the value _VS 2d _{~VS 5d} of the electric signal VS You can go there each time.

When the control unit 5g determines that the shift operation of the learning operator is appropriate, in the learning process in the shift sensor voltage learning process, the control unit 5g performs the downshift operation similarly by the learning operator. Gear position sensor for downshifting from 6th to 5th when shifting down from 6th to 5th, 5th to 4th, 4th to 3rd, 3rd to 2nd the value _{VS 5d} of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 at the time when the value of the electrical signal VG 13 reaches from VG ₆ to the threshold _(VG 6 -ΔV _d6) (time t _{= t 5d)} as a learning voltage value in memory shift sensor for storage, and the value of the electrical signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 at the time of downshifting to 5 speed to the fourth speed has reached the VG ₅ to the threshold _(VG 5 - [Delta] V _d5) time (time t _{= t 4d)} 12 The value VS ₄ d of the electric signal VS is stored in the memory as a learning voltage value, and the value of the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 when shifting down from the fourth speed to the third speed is changed from VG ₄ to a threshold value (VG ₄ −ΔV). _d4 ), the value _VS3d of the electric signal VS of the shift sensor 12 at the time of reaching (time t = _t3d ) is stored in the memory as a learning voltage value, and the gear position sensor when shifting down from the third speed to the second speed the value of the electrical signal VG of 13 from VG ₃ in the memory to the value _{VS 2d} of the electrical signal VS of the shift sensor 12 of the threshold time reached _(VG 3 -ΔV _d3) (time t _{= t 2d)} as a learned voltage value Remember. Further, in (m + 1) speed to the value of the electrical signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 at the time of downshifting to the m speed reaches the _{VG m + 1} to the threshold _{(VG m + 1 -ΔVd m +} 1) time (time t _{= t md),} The value of the flag FLd indicating information to that effect is changed from 0 to 1.

Here, from the viewpoint of improving the reliability of the learning process, it is preferable to perform this process a plurality of times, and the average value of the plurality of learning voltage values for each downshift operation is represented as a representative learning voltage value for each downshift operation. However, in view of the fact that the voltage value represented by the electrical signal of the shift sensor 12 changes in the decreasing direction due to the rotation of the shift drum 31 when the shift pedal 21 is depressed, From the viewpoint of improving the detection sensitivity, it is preferable to store the maximum value of the plurality of learning voltage values for each downshift operation in the memory as the representative learning voltage value for each downshift operation. As described above, when the voltage value of the electric signal VS from the shift sensor 12 becomes the learning voltage value (representative learning voltage value) obtained in advance, the dog teeth 44 and 45 of the dog type transmission T are separated from each other. In starting the output control of the engine E in the direction, selecting the maximum value of the plurality of learning voltage values as the representative learning voltage value means that among the downshifts from the plurality of gear positions by the operation of depressing the shift pedal 21, This means that the learning voltage value corresponding to the downshift that can be executed at the earliest timing is selected. For this reason, after the start of the downshifting operation by the driver, the output of the engine E can be temporarily changed at an early stage so that the dog type transmission T can be shifted. Further, in order to detect the start of the rotation of the shift drum 31 when the shift pedal 21 is depressed, the threshold value (VG _m −ΔV _dm ) of the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 is at least before the downshift operation. that is necessary greater than the intermediate value between the voltage value VG _m of the electric signal VG of voltage of the electrical signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 value VG m _{+ 1} and the shift down operation after the gear position sensor 13, a further such detection sensitivity In order to improve, the threshold value (VG _m −ΔV _dm ) of the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 is smaller than the voltage value VG _{m + 1} of the electric signal VG of the gear position sensor 13 before the downshift operation, but is close to this. It is preferably a value.

The learning voltage values VS _{2u to} VS _5u at the time of the up-shifting operation and the learning voltage values VS _{2d to} VS _5d at the time of the down-shifting operation obtained as described above are respectively EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), Preferably, it is stored in a writable non-volatile memory.

In the state where the clutch state detection unit 5a detects the connection of the main clutch 51, the shift operation detection unit 5b corresponds the learning voltage values VS _{2u to} VS _5u and the learning voltage values VS _{2d to} VS _5d from the memory. When the upshift operation or the downshift operation of the dog transmission T due to the driver's operation of the shift pedal 21 is detected, the control unit 5g relates the dog teeth 44 and 45 of the dog transmission T to each other. The output of the engine E is temporarily changed by adjusting the throttle opening of the engine E by driving the throttle motor 14 so that the shift of the dog type transmission T can be released by releasing or weakening the engagement. Control of the operation state can be started. Such detection information of the shift operation of the dog-type transmission T can be used to start control of other operating conditions of the engine E, start of control of the operation of the auxiliary equipment of the engine E, and the like. is there.

As is apparent from the above description, the electronic control device 1 according to the present embodiment is applied to a vehicle including the engine E and the transmission T that changes the output of the engine E, and the gear position of the transmission T is shifted. An electric signal from the shift sensor 12 that detects the shift operation of the operation member 21 provided for the operation and an electric signal from the gear position sensor 13 that detects the gear position of the transmission T are used. The control unit 5g controls the operating state, and the control unit 5g learns the voltage values VS _nu and VS _md of the electric signal from the shift sensor 12 based on the change in the voltage value of the electric signal from the gear position sensor 13. Therefore, the shift operation of the driver can be detected at a low cost and with a practically sufficient accuracy, and the driving of the vehicle can be detected. It can contribute to the improvement of drivability.

Further, in the electronic control device 1 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 5g changes the voltage value of the electric signal from the gear position sensor 13 to exhibit predetermined threshold values VG _n + ΔV _un , VG _{m + 1} −ΔV _{dm + 1.} Since the learning values VS _nu and VS _md are obtained by learning the voltage value of the electric signal from the shift sensor 12, the driver has a simple structure, low cost, and practically sufficient accuracy. A shift operation can be detected and can contribute to an improvement in drivability of the vehicle.

Further, in the electronic control device 1 in the present embodiment, the vehicle is a straddle-type vehicle that transmits the driving force of the engine E to the drive wheels through the main clutch 51 and the dog transmission T as a transmission in order. In the direction in which the dog teeth 44 and 45 of the dog type transmission T are separated from each other when the voltage value of the electrical signal from the shift sensor 12 reaches the learned values VS _nu and VS _md obtained in advance. Since the output control of the engine E is started, the dog teeth 44 and 45 can be smoothly separated from each other, and the gear shift of the transmission accompanying the shift operation of the driver can be smoothly performed. It can contribute to the improvement of drivability.

  In the present invention, the type, shape, arrangement, number, and the like of the members are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the gist of the invention is appropriately replaced such that the constituent elements are appropriately replaced with those having the same operational effects. Of course, it can be changed as appropriate without departing from the scope.

  As described above, the present invention provides an electronic control device that can detect a driver's shift operation at low cost and with practically sufficient accuracy, and can contribute to improvement in drivability of a vehicle. It can be provided, and is expected to be widely applicable to electronic control devices such as vehicles because of its universality.

E ... Engine (Internal combustion engine)
T ... Dog type transmission S ... Shift mechanism 1 ... Electronic control unit (ECU)
2a to 2d A / D converter 3 Waveform shaping circuit 4 Central processing unit (CPU)
5a ... Clutch state detection unit 5b ... Shift operation detection unit 5c ... Gear position detection unit 5d ... Throttle opening calculation unit 5e ... Accelerator opening calculation unit 5f ... Engine speed calculation unit 5g ... Control unit 6 ... Motor drive circuit 7 ... Spark plug drive circuit 8 ... Fuel injection valve drive circuit 11 ... Clutch switch 12 ... Shift sensor 13 ... Gear position sensor 14 ... Throttle motor 15 ... Throttle opening sensor 16 ... Accelerator opening sensor 17 ... Crank angle sensor 18 ... Ignition plug 19 ... Fuel injection valve 21 ... Shift pedal 22 ... Shift shaft 23 ... Shift arm 24 ... Shift gear 31 ... Shift drum 32 ... Drum shaft 33 ... Cam groove 34 ... Shift fork 41 ... Fixed transmission gear 42 ... Free transmission gear 43 ... Slide transmission gear 44, 45 ... Dog teeth 46 ... Input system 47 ... Drive shaft 51 ... Main clutch 61 ... Crankshaft

Claims (3)

It is mounted on a vehicle equipped with an engine and a transmission for shifting the output of the engine,
An electrical signal from a shift sensor that detects the shift operation of an operation member provided for shifting the gear position of the transmission;
An electrical signal from a gear position sensor for detecting the gear position of the transmission;
In an electronic control unit having a control unit for controlling the operating state of the engine using
The electronic control device, wherein the control unit learns a voltage value of the electrical signal from the shift sensor based on a change in a voltage value of the electrical signal from the gear position sensor.   The control unit learns the voltage value of the electrical signal from the shift sensor to obtain a learned value in response to the voltage value of the electrical signal from the gear position sensor changing to exhibit a predetermined threshold value. The electronic control device according to claim 1, wherein the electronic control device is obtained. The vehicle is a straddle-type vehicle that transmits a driving force of an engine to driving wheels through a main clutch and a dog type transmission as the transmission in order.
The control unit controls the output of the engine in a direction in which dog teeth of the dog-type transmission are separated from each other when the voltage value of the electric signal from the shift sensor becomes the learned value obtained in advance. The electronic control device according to claim 2, wherein the electronic control device is started.

Images