JP2017178671A - Cement composition for binder injection type additive manufacturing apparatus - Google Patents
Cement composition for binder injection type additive manufacturing apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、結合材噴射方式付加製造装置に用いるセメント組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a cement composition used for a binder injection type additional manufacturing apparatus.
鋳造は、溶融した金属を鋳型に注入して鋳物を作製する伝統的な金属加工法である。この鋳造に用いる自硬性鋳型は、使用する粘結材に応じて有機系と無機系があり、このうち無機系は、主に水ガラス系とセメント系がある。ただし、セメント系自硬性鋳型は、鋳込み温度によっては、含まれる石膏が熱分解してガスが発生する場合がある。また、この鋳型の作製では、模型や木型の試作が前工程として必須であるが、この前工程には時間とコストがかかる。
そこで、ガスが発生することなく、また、該前工程を経ることなく、鋳型を作製できる手段が望まれる。
Casting is a traditional metal processing method in which molten metal is poured into a mold to produce a casting. The self-hardening mold used for casting includes an organic type and an inorganic type depending on the binder used, and among these, the inorganic type mainly includes a water glass type and a cement type. However, cement-based self-hardening molds may generate gas due to thermal decomposition of the gypsum contained depending on the casting temperature. Moreover, in the production of this mold, a prototype of a model or a wooden mold is indispensable as a pre-process, but this pre-process takes time and cost.
Therefore, there is a demand for a means capable of producing a mold without generating gas and without going through the previous process.
特許文献1に記載のガス吸収材料は、鋳造時に、鋳型に含まれる有機成分の熱分解によって生じるガスを吸収する材料であって、吸水性かつ耐熱性のある粉粒体に液体のガス吸収剤を吸着させて成形したものである。該ガス吸収材料は、鋳型内に含ませて用いる。しかし、セメント系自硬性鋳型に発生するガスは、主に、硫黄酸化物であり、有機成分の熱分解によって生じるガスを吸収する前記ガス吸収材料では、効果が低いと思われる。 The gas-absorbing material described in Patent Document 1 is a material that absorbs a gas generated by thermal decomposition of an organic component contained in a mold at the time of casting, and is a liquid gas absorbent in a water-absorbing and heat-resistant powder. Is formed by adsorbing. The gas absorbing material is used by being contained in a mold. However, the gas generated in the cement-based self-hardening mold is mainly sulfur oxide, and the gas absorbing material that absorbs the gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the organic component is considered to be less effective.
ところで、最近、付加製造装置が、迅速かつ精密な造形手段として注目されている。この付加製造装置のうち、例えば、粉末積層成形装置は、粉末を平面の上に敷き詰め、該粉末に水性バインダを噴射して粉末を固化し、該固化物を垂直方向に順次積層して造形する装置である。この装置の特徴は、3次元CAD等で作成した立体造形のデータを多数の水平面に分割し、これらの水平面の形状を順次積層して成形体を作製する点にある。
そこで、前記付加製造装置を用いて鋳型を作製できれば、前記の前工程は不要になるから、作業時間とコストの削減に資することが期待される。
By the way, recently, an additional manufacturing apparatus has attracted attention as a rapid and precise modeling means. Among the additive manufacturing apparatuses, for example, the powder lamination molding apparatus is formed by spreading powder on a flat surface, spraying an aqueous binder onto the powder to solidify the powder, and sequentially laminating the solidified product in the vertical direction. Device. The feature of this apparatus is that the three-dimensional modeling data created by three-dimensional CAD or the like is divided into a large number of horizontal planes, and the shapes of these horizontal planes are sequentially laminated to produce a molded body.
Therefore, if the mold can be produced using the additional manufacturing apparatus, the previous process is not necessary, so that it is expected to contribute to the reduction of working time and cost.
特許文献2は、結合材噴射法(粉末積層成形法)に適した粉末材料を提案している。該材料は、珪砂、オリビン砂、人工砂等の耐火砂に速硬セメントを粘結材として所定の量配合して混練したもので、これに水性バインダを加えて固化・積層して成形体を作製する。
しかし、結合材噴射法で作製した成形体は、空隙が多くなり易いため、強度が低く破損し易い。
また、特許文献3に記載の造形用材料は、骨材と当該骨材を結着させるバインダーの粉状前駆体とが混合された、粉末固着積層法における造形用材料であって、前記骨材は70重量%以上であり、前記粉状前駆体はセメント等である。しかし、セメントは石膏を含むため、前記造形用材料はガスの発生を抑制できないから、鋳物製品の美観への影響が懸念されるところ、該文献は美観について記載がない。
Patent Document 2 proposes a powder material suitable for the binder injection method (powder lamination molding method). This material is a kneaded mixture of refractory sand such as silica sand, olivine sand, artificial sand, etc., with a fast-hardening cement as a binder and kneaded and solidified and laminated with an aqueous binder. Make it.
However, since the molded body produced by the binder injection method tends to have a large number of voids, it is low in strength and easily damaged.
The modeling material described in Patent Document 3 is a modeling material in a powder fixing lamination method in which an aggregate and a powdery precursor of a binder that binds the aggregate are mixed. Is 70% by weight or more, and the powdery precursor is cement or the like. However, since cement contains gypsum, the modeling material cannot suppress the generation of gas, and thus there is a concern about the influence on the aesthetics of a cast product, but the document does not describe the aesthetics.
したがって、本発明は、結合材噴射方式付加製造装置に用いるための、強度がより高いセメント組成物を提供すること、さらには、高耐熱で鋳造時のガスの発生が少なく鋳型に好適なセメント組成物を提供することを目的とする。 Accordingly, the present invention provides a cement composition with higher strength for use in a binder injection type additional manufacturing apparatus, and further, a cement composition suitable for a mold with high heat resistance and less gas generation during casting. The purpose is to provide goods.
本発明者は、前記課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、特定のセメント成分を特定量含むセメント組成物は、結合材噴射方式付加製造装置を用いた造形が可能で、これまでよりも強度と耐熱性が高く、かつ鋳造に用いた場合、鋳造時のガスの発生が少ないことを見い出し、本発明を完成させた。
すなわち、本発明は、下記の構成を有するセメント組成物である。
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has found that a cement composition containing a specific amount of a specific cement component can be shaped using a binder injection type additional manufacturing apparatus and has a strength higher than before. Thus, the present invention has been completed by finding that when it is used for casting, it has low heat generation and generates less gas during casting.
That is, the present invention is a cement composition having the following configuration.
[1]速硬セメントとセメントクリンカー粉末の合計を100質量%として、該速硬セメントを10〜80質量%含む粘結材100質量部に対し、砂を100〜400質量部含有する、結合材噴射方式付加製造装置用セメント組成物。
[2]前記セメントクリンカー粉末のブレーン比表面積が、2000〜6000cm2/gである、前記[1]に記載の結合材噴射方式付加製造装置用セメント組成物。
[3]前記砂が、珪砂、オリビン砂、および人工砂から選ばれる1種以上である、前記[1]または[2]に記載の結合材噴射方式付加製造装置用セメント組成物。
[4]前記結合材噴射方式付加製造装置用セメント組成物が鋳物砂である、前記[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載の結合材噴射方式付加製造装置用セメント組成物。
[1] A binder containing 100 to 400 parts by weight of sand with respect to 100 parts by weight of a binder containing 10 to 80% by weight of the fast-hardening cement, with the sum of the quick-hardening cement and cement clinker powder being 100% by weight. Cement composition for injection type additional manufacturing equipment.
[2] The cement composition for a binder injection type additive manufacturing apparatus according to [1], wherein the cement clinker powder has a Blaine specific surface area of 2000 to 6000 cm 2 / g.
[3] The cement composition for a binder injection type additive manufacturing apparatus according to [1] or [2], wherein the sand is at least one selected from quartz sand, olivine sand, and artificial sand.
[4] The cement composition for a binder injection type additional manufacturing apparatus according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the cement composition for the binder injection type additional manufacturing apparatus is foundry sand.
本発明のセメント組成物は、結合材噴射方式付加製造装置を用いて造形した場合、より強度が高いので破損することが少ない。また、高耐熱性であり、鋳造に用いた場合、鋳造時のガスの発生が少なく、表面が平滑で美観性が高い鋳物を製造できる。 The cement composition of the present invention is less likely to break because it is stronger when it is shaped using a binder injection type additional manufacturing apparatus. In addition, when it is used for casting, it has a high heat resistance, and it can produce a casting with little gas generation during casting, a smooth surface and high aesthetics.
本発明は、前記のとおり、速硬セメントとセメントクリンカー粉末の合計を100質量%として、該速硬セメントを10〜80質量%含む粘結材100質量部に対し、砂を100〜400質量部含有する、結合材噴射方式付加製造装置用セメント組成物等である。
以下、本発明について、粘結材および砂等に分けて、詳細に説明する。
In the present invention, as described above, the total amount of fast-hardening cement and cement clinker powder is 100% by weight, and 100 to 400 parts by weight of sand with respect to 100 parts by weight of the binder containing 10 to 80% by weight of the quick-hardening cement. It is a cement composition for a binder injection type additional manufacturing apparatus.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail for caking materials and sand.
1.粘結材
該粘結材は、速硬セメントとセメントクリンカー粉末を含むものである。次に、速硬セメントとセメントクリンカー粉末について説明する。
(1)速硬セメント
本発明において該速硬セメントは、速硬セメントのほかに、いわゆる超速硬セメントも含む概念であり、市販の速硬セメントや超速硬セメントが使用できる。該セメントとしては、例えば、スーパージェットセメント(登録商標、小野田ケミコ社製)、ジェットセメント(登録商標、住友大阪セメント社製)、およびデンカスーパーセメント(デンカ社製)から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。
前記粘結材中の速硬セメントの含有率は、速硬セメントとセメントクリンカー粉末の合計を100質量%として、10〜80質量%である。該値が、該範囲内であれば、迅速な造形のための速硬性と取扱い可能な強度を確保できる。なお、該値は、好ましくは20〜70質量%、より好ましくは30〜60質量%である。
1. Baking material The caking material contains quick-hardening cement and cement clinker powder. Next, fast-hardening cement and cement clinker powder will be described.
(1) Fast-hardening cement In the present invention, the fast-hardening cement is a concept that includes a so-called superfast-hardening cement in addition to the fast-hardening cement, and a commercially available fast-hardening cement or a superfast-hardening cement can be used. Examples of the cement include one or more selected from Super Jet Cement (registered trademark, manufactured by Onoda Chemico), Jet Cement (registered trademark, manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement), and Denka Super Cement (produced by Denka). It is done.
The content of the quick-hardening cement in the binder is 10 to 80% by weight, where the total of the quick-hardening cement and cement clinker powder is 100% by weight. If the value is within this range, it is possible to ensure the fast hardness for rapid modeling and the handleable strength. In addition, this value becomes like this. Preferably it is 20-70 mass%, More preferably, it is 30-60 mass%.
(2)セメントクリンカー粉末
該セメントクリンカー粉末のクリンカーは、普通ポルトランドセメントクリンカー、早強ポルトランドセメントクリンカー、中庸熱ポルトランドセメントクリンカー、低熱ポルトランドセメントクリンカー、白色ポルトランドセメントクリンカー、エコセメントクリンカー、アリナイトセメントクリンカー、アーウィンクリンカー、カルシウムフルオロアルミネートクリンカー、およびモノカルシウムアルミネートクリンカーから選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。これらの中でも、強度の観点から、普通ポルトランドセメントクリンカー、早強ポルトランドセメントクリンカー、アーウィンクリンカー、カルシウムフルオロアルミネートクリンカー、またはモノカルシウムアルミネートクリンカーが好ましい。
また、前記粘結材中のセメントクリンカー粉末の含有率は、速硬セメントとセメントクリンカー粉末の合計を100質量%として、20〜90質量%である。該値が、該範囲内であれば、強度発現性が高い。なお、該値は、好ましくは30〜80質量%、より好ましくは40〜70質量%である。
また、該セメントクリンカー粉末のブレーン比表面積は、好ましくは2000〜6000cm2/gである。該値が該範囲内にあれば、セメント組成物の強度発現性は充分に高い。なお、該値は、より好ましくは3000〜5000cm2/g、さらに好ましくは4000〜5000cm2/gである。
なお、前記粘結材は、必須成分である速硬セメントとセメントクリンカー粉末のほかに、強度発現性の調整材等として、高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、シリカフューム、および石灰石粉末等の任意成分を含んでもよい。
(2) Cement clinker powder The clinker of the cement clinker powder includes ordinary Portland cement clinker, early strong Portland cement clinker, moderately hot Portland cement clinker, low heat Portland cement clinker, white Portland cement clinker, ecocement clinker, alinite cement clinker, One or more types selected from Erwin clinker, calcium fluoroaluminate clinker, and monocalcium aluminate clinker are included. Among these, from the viewpoint of strength, ordinary Portland cement clinker, early strong Portland cement clinker, Irwin clinker, calcium fluoroaluminate clinker, or monocalcium aluminate clinker are preferable.
Moreover, the content rate of the cement clinker powder in the said binder is 20-90 mass% when the sum total of a quick-hardening cement and a cement clinker powder is 100 mass%. If this value is within this range, strength development is high. In addition, this value becomes like this. Preferably it is 30-80 mass%, More preferably, it is 40-70 mass%.
Moreover, the brane specific surface area of the cement clinker powder is preferably 2000 to 6000 cm 2 / g. When the value is within the range, the strength development of the cement composition is sufficiently high. In addition, this value becomes like this. More preferably, it is 3000-5000 cm < 2 > / g, More preferably, it is 4000-5000 cm < 2 > / g.
The caking agent may contain optional components such as blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume, and limestone powder as a strength developing agent in addition to the fast-hardening cement and cement clinker powder, which are essential components. Good.
2.砂
該砂は、耐火砂であれば、特に制限されず、珪砂、オリビン砂、および人工砂から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。また、該砂の配合量は、前記粘結材100質量部に対し、100〜400質量部である。該値が該範囲であれば、耐火性と強度発現性を確保できる。なお、該配合量は、前記粘結材100質量部に対し、好ましくは150〜350質量部、より好ましくは200〜300質量部、さらに好ましくは200〜250質量部である。
2. Sand The sand is not particularly limited as long as it is refractory sand, and includes at least one selected from quartz sand, olivine sand, and artificial sand. Moreover, the compounding quantity of this sand is 100-400 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of the said binder. If this value is in this range, fire resistance and strength development can be ensured. In addition, this compounding quantity becomes like this. Preferably it is 150-350 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of the said binder, More preferably, it is 200-300 mass parts, More preferably, it is 200-250 mass parts.
3.その他
本発明の結合材噴射方式付加製造装置用セメント組成物を造形に用いる場合、水/粘結材(質量比)は、強度の観点から、0.01〜0.1が好ましく、0.02〜0.09がより好ましく、0.03〜0.08がさらに好ましい。
また、成形体の養生方法は、気中養生、または、気中養生後に続けて水中養生する方法が採用できる。気中および水中の温度は、特に制限されないが、養生のし易さから、好ましくは10〜50℃でよい。気中養生時間は、十分な強度発現と生産効率の観点から、好ましくは0.5〜5時間、より好ましくは1〜4時間、さらに好ましくは2〜4時間である。また、水中養生時間は、好ましくは5時間以上、より好ましくは10時間以上、さらに好ましくは20時間以上である。
本発明のセメント組物を用いて作製した成形体は、耐熱性が高いことから鋳物等に好適である。
3. Others When the cement composition for a binder injection type additional production apparatus of the present invention is used for modeling, the water / binding agent (mass ratio) is preferably 0.01 to 0.1 from the viewpoint of strength, and 0.02. -0.09 is more preferable, and 0.03-0.08 is further more preferable.
In addition, as a curing method for the molded body, an air curing or a method of underwater curing after the air curing can be adopted. The temperature in the air and water is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 50 ° C. for ease of curing. The air curing time is preferably 0.5 to 5 hours, more preferably 1 to 4 hours, and further preferably 2 to 4 hours from the viewpoint of sufficient strength expression and production efficiency. The underwater curing time is preferably 5 hours or longer, more preferably 10 hours or longer, and further preferably 20 hours or longer.
Since the molded body produced using the cement assembly of the present invention has high heat resistance, it is suitable for castings and the like.
以下、本発明を実施例により説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されない。
1.使用した材料
(1)超速硬セメント(略号:SHC)
商品名:スーパージェットセメント(小野田ケミコ社製)、密度3.01g/cm3
(2)普通ポルトランドセメントクリンカー粉末(略号:NPCC)
ブレーン比表面積:4000cm2/g
(3)細骨材
珪砂8号(東北硅砂社製)、密度2.61g/cm3
(4)水
水道水
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
1. Materials used (1) Super fast cement (abbreviation: SHC)
Product name: Super Jet Cement (manufactured by Onoda Chemico), density 3.01 g / cm 3
(2) Ordinary Portland cement clinker powder (abbreviation: NPCC)
Blaine specific surface area: 4000 cm 2 / g
(3) fine aggregate silica sand No. 8 (manufactured by Tohoku silica sand Co., Ltd.), density of 2.61g / cm 3
(4) Water Tap water
2.セメント組成物、鋳型、およびモルタル供試体の作製
表1に掲載の配合に従い、前記の超速硬セメント、普通ポルトランドセメントクリンカー粉末、および細骨材を、ビニル袋に入れて振盪してセメント組成物を作製した。
次に、該セメント組成物と、結合材噴射式粉末積層造形装置(付加製造装置 商品名:ZPrinter310 Zコーポレーション社製)を用いて、結合材噴射法により、寸法が縦10mm、横16mm、および長さ80mmのモルタル供試体と、図1に示す階段状の鋳型を作製した。
なお、前記装置による鋳型の成形方法は、所定の位置を選択して、ノズルから一定量の水を噴出して、セメント組成物を固化する方法であり、水/粘結材は質量比で0.05である。
2. Preparation of Cement Composition, Mold, and Mortar Specimen According to the formulation shown in Table 1, the cemented cement composition was prepared by placing the above ultrafast cement, ordinary Portland cement clinker powder, and fine aggregate in a vinyl bag and shaking. Produced.
Next, using the cement composition and a binder injection type powder additive manufacturing apparatus (additional manufacturing apparatus, product name: ZPrinter310, manufactured by Z Corporation), the dimensions are 10 mm in length, 16 mm in width, and long by the binder injection method. A mortar specimen having a thickness of 80 mm and a step-shaped mold shown in FIG. 1 were prepared.
The mold forming method by the apparatus is a method in which a predetermined position is selected and a fixed amount of water is ejected from a nozzle to solidify the cement composition, and the water / binder is 0 by mass ratio. .05.
3.モルタル供試体の曲げ強度の測定
次に、前記モルタル供試体を20℃の気中で3時間養生した後、さらに20℃の水中で21時間養生した後、曲げ強度試験機 MODEL-2257(アイコーエンジニアリング社製)を用いて3点曲げ試験を行い、前記モルタル供試体の曲げ強度を測定した。その結果を表1に示す。
表1に示すように、実施例1は、3時間の気中養生でも、充分に高い強度発現性を有する。一方、超速硬セメントを含まない粘結材を用いた比較例2は、3時間の気中養生では水中への運搬時や寸法測定時に破損する場合があった。ちなみに、3時間の気中養生で要求される曲げ強度は、0.1MPa以上である。
3. Measurement of bending strength of mortar specimen Next, the mortar specimen was cured for 3 hours in air at 20 ° C, then further cured for 21 hours in water at 20 ° C, and then tested for bending strength tester MODEL-2257 (Iko Engineering). A three-point bending test was performed using a mortar specimen, and the bending strength of the mortar specimen was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
As shown in Table 1, Example 1 has sufficiently high strength development even in the air curing for 3 hours. On the other hand, the comparative example 2 using the caking additive which does not contain a super-fast-hardening cement may be damaged at the time of transportation to water or a dimension measurement in the air curing for 3 hours. By the way, the bending strength required in the air curing for 3 hours is 0.1 MPa or more.
4.鋳物の作製
さらに、前記鋳型に溶融した鋳鉄を流し込み、鋳物(図2、3)を作製した。
実施例1、実施例2、および実施例3は鋳込み時にガスが発生せず、図2(実施例3)に示すように、表面が平滑な鋳物を作製できた。一方、比較例1は鋳込み時にガスが発生し、図3に示すように、発生したガスにより穴の開いた鋳物しか作製できなかった。
4). Production of Castings Further, molten cast iron was poured into the mold to produce castings (FIGS. 2 and 3).
In Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3, no gas was generated during casting, and as shown in FIG. 2 (Example 3), a casting having a smooth surface could be produced. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, gas was generated at the time of casting, and as shown in FIG. 3, only a casting with a hole formed by the generated gas could be produced.
Claims (4)
The cement composition for binder injection system addition manufacturing apparatus of any one of Claims 1-3 whose said cement composition for binder injection system addition manufacturing apparatus is foundry sand.
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