JP2017166631A - Rotation restraining tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform a fastening operation with a high fastening torque by using a usual bolt even if a space for engaging a tool for restraining rotation of a head part of a bolt or a nut with the head part of the bolt cannot be assured.SOLUTION: A washer 22 is inserted from a direction crossing at a right angle with a bolt 12 through an opening part 20 with respect to a washer mounting surface 18c. Due to this fact, the washer 22 is arranged between a seat surface 12a of a bolt head part 12b and the washer mounting surface 18c of a base part 18, A bolt shank part 12c having the bolt head part 12b engaged with an engaging part 16 is inserted into and passed through the washer 22 and an inserting hole 18b of the base part 18. By a rotation in a direction around a bolt shank with respect to an object W1 to be fastened being restrained by the base part 18 under a state in which the engaging part 16 is engaged with the bolt head part 12b, the bolt head part 12b is held by a rotation restraining tool 10 at a state in which the bolt head part is not rotated with respect to the object W1 to be fastened, without fixing the bolt head part 12b with a tool when the bolt 12 and a nut 14 are fastened.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a jig used at the time of bolt fastening, and more particularly to a rotation restraint tool that restrains the rotation of a bolt when fastening a square head bolt such as a hexagon bolt.

  As a fastening machine element for fastening members, bolts having square heads such as hexagon bolts and square bolts are widely used. In the fastening structure using bolts, a shaft portion of a bolt is inserted into a hole formed in each of two or more objects to be fastened, and a nut is screwed into the shaft portion. The object to be fastened is fastened by sandwiching the fastened object. In this way, when fastening an object to be fastened using bolts and nuts, the bolt head or nut is constrained by a tool so that one of the bolt head or nut does not rotate, the other is rotated by the tool, and the necessary tightening is performed. It needs to be screwed in until torque is obtained. However, due to the shape and structure of the object to be fastened, when the space for engaging the tool with the head of the bolt cannot be secured, or for the convenience of work, the operator must perform the tightening work with one hand. There are cases where the tool cannot be used even when the tightening tool must be used with both hands. Therefore, a method using a tightening bolt having a specially shaped head (for example, see Patent Document 1) that can restrain the rotation of the head of the bolt without using a tool, or a head of a general-purpose bolt. A bolt head portion and a shaft portion using an adapter having a recess having a shape complementary to the outer shape of the bolt, a hole penetrating the recess and passing through the shaft portion of the bolt, and a shape portion complementary to the object to be fastened A method of constraining the rotation of the bolt by engaging the concave portion and the hole of the adapter and installing it on the object to be fastened (see, for example, Patent Document 2) has been devised.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-105604 JP 2001-315642 A

However, the tightening bolt as disclosed in Patent Document 1 loses versatility because the head has a special shape, the use object is limited, and the cost of the bolt increases. Further, when an adapter as disclosed in Patent Document 2 is used, the adapter has a recess having a shape complementary to the outer shape of the head and a shape complementary to the object to be fastened. The rotation is restricted. For this reason, when the washer is inserted through the shaft portion of the bolt and used, the washer does not fit into the recess of the adapter, so that the head of the bolt cannot be engaged with the adapter. For this reason, the use under the condition of tightening with a high tightening torque using a washer was impossible.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to provide a space for engaging a bolt head or a tool for restraining rotation of a nut with a bolt head. Even if it cannot be ensured, it is to fasten with a high tightening torque using a general-purpose bolt.

(Aspect of the Invention)
The following aspects of the present invention exemplify the configuration of the present invention, and will be described separately for easy understanding of various configurations of the present invention. Each section does not limit the technical scope of the present invention, and some of the components of each section are replaced, deleted, or further while referring to the best mode for carrying out the invention. Those to which the above components are added can also be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  (1) A rotary restraint tool used together with a bolt and a nut when fastening an object to be fastened having a plane parallel to the bearing surface of the bolt or nut and a wall surface extending in the normal direction of the plane, An engagement portion that is non-rotatably engaged in a direction around the axis with respect to a side surface that constitutes the two-surface width of the portion or the nut, and a base portion that is positioned in the axial direction of the bolt or the nut with respect to the engagement portion, The base portion is in contact with the wall surface of the object to be fastened, and the contact surface of the engaging portion that prevents rotation of the bolt or the nut around the shaft with respect to the object to be fastened is inserted through the shaft portion of the bolt. And a washer mounting surface that extends to an open end of the insertion hole on the engagement portion side, and the bolt or nut extends over one or both of the engagement portion and the base portion. From the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the washer mounting surface Only for entering, rotation restraint opening is formed (claim 1).

  The rotation restraint tool described in this section has an opening formed on one or both of the engaging portion and the base portion with respect to the washer mounting surface that spreads at the open end on the engaging portion side of the insertion hole. Then, a washer is inserted from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the bolt or nut. For this reason, a washer is arrange | positioned between the head surface of a volt | bolt or the seat surface of a nut, and the washer mounting surface of a base. The shaft portion of the bolt whose head is engaged with the engaging portion or the shaft portion of the bolt that is engaged with the nut engaged with the engaging portion is inserted into the insertion hole and the washer of the base portion.

And the contact surface of a base part contacts the wall surface of a to-be-fastened object, and the head part or nut of the volt | bolt engaged with the engaging part is hold | maintained in the state which does not rotate with respect to a to-be-fastened object. When bolts and nuts are tightened in this state, the bolt heads or nuts constrained by this rotation restraint are moved in the direction in which the bolts or nuts are screwed by the reaction force when the bolts or nuts are screwed. Is biased in the opposite direction, and the rotation restraint is also biased in the direction opposite to the screwing direction of the bolt in response to the force. As a result, the contact surface of the base portion is pressed against the wall surface of the fastened object, and the rotation of the restraint tool relative to the fastened object is prevented. And this rotation restraint tool is fastened to a to-be-fastened object with a volt | bolt or a nut, preventing rotation of a volt | bolt or a nut. For this reason, when tightening the bolt and nut, the bolt head or nut is not rotated with respect to the object to be fastened by the rotational restraint tool without fixing the bolt head or nut with a tool. is there.
In addition, since a washer is interposed between the head surface of the bolt or the seat surface of the nut and the washer mounting surface of the base portion, a high tightening torque can be applied.

(2) In the above item (1), the base has a plate shape, the insertion hole penetrates in the thickness direction, and the engaging portion is a washer disposed on a washer mounting surface of the base. Rotation that protrudes from the position where it does not interfere and extends in the axial direction of the bolt or nut, and further extends to a position where it covers the seating surface of the washer and abuts the side surface of the bolt head or nut. Restraint (Claim 2).
In the rotation restraint device described in this section, the shaft portion of the bolt or the shaft portion of the bolt engaging the nut engaged with the engaging portion is inserted into the insertion hole that penetrates in the thickness direction of the plate-like base portion. Is. The engaging portion protrudes in the axial direction of the bolt or nut from a position where it does not interfere with the washer placed on the washer mounting surface of the base portion, and further, the bolt head or nut so as to cover the seat surface of the washer. The bolt head or nut is held non-rotatable in the direction around the axis by the engaging portion.

(3) In the above item (2), the engagement portion is a rotation in which a stay separate from the base portion is fitted into an attachment hole penetrating the base portion in the thickness direction and welded to the base portion. Restraint (Claim 3).
The rotation restraint tool described in this section is configured by fixing an engagement portion made of a separate stay to a plate-like base portion to the base portion. And the stay which comprises an engaging part is positioned with respect to a base by being fitted in the attachment hole which penetrates a base in the thickness direction. And when welding to a base, a welding bead flows into an attachment hole, and the welding strength required between a base and an engaging part is ensured.

(4) In the above items (1) to (3), the engaging portion is a rotational restraint tool that is rotationally symmetric with respect to a central axis of the bolt or nut (claim 4).
In the rotation restraint tool described in this section, the engaging portion is rotationally symmetric with respect to the central axis of the bolt or nut, so that the surface constituting the two-sided width of the bolt head or nut is formed by the plurality of engaging portions. This prevents the rotation of the bolt or nut about the axis of the object to be fastened in a direction around the axis more reliably. More specifically, the engaging part makes two-fold symmetry with respect to the central axis of the bolt or nut so as to abut the bolt head or the nut so as to sandwich the surface constituting the two-surface width, and the bolt head The part or nut is held stably.

(5) In the above items (1) to (4), the base portion is a rotational restraint tool that is rotationally symmetric with respect to the central axis of the bolt or nut (claim 5).
In the rotation restraint tool according to this aspect, the base portion is rotationally symmetric with respect to the engagement portion, so that the plurality of contact surfaces abut against the wall surface of the fastened object, and the above items (1) to (4) The action shown in (1) can be obtained. More specifically, the base portion is symmetrical about the central axis of the bolt or nut so that the wall is raised on both sides of the plane parallel to the seat surface of the bolt or nut. It comes into contact with the wall surface.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, even if the space for engaging the bolt head or the rotation of the nut with the bolt head cannot be secured, It is possible to fasten with a high tightening torque using a bolt.

The state which fastened the thing to be fastened using a rotation restraint tool concerning an embodiment of the invention is shown typically, (a) is a top view and (b) is AA of (a). It is sectional drawing. It is the single figure of the rotation restraint tool shown by FIG. 1, (a) is the top view, (b) is the side view partially shown with the cross section. FIG. 2 shows a wider range of objects to be fastened using the rotation restraint shown in FIG. 1, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in (a), and (c). [FIG. 2] is a DD partial cross-sectional view of (a).

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, parts that are the same as or correspond to those in the prior art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotation restraint tool 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is used when fastening objects to be fastened W <b> 1 and W <b> 2 using bolts 12 and nuts 14 (see FIG. 6). is there. In the embodiment of the present invention, the objects to be fastened W1 and W2 are parts for fixing railcar equipment to the vehicle body structure, and the outline thereof is as shown in FIG. Are closely combined, and this corresponds to a case in which a space for engaging the tool with the head of the bolt 12 or the nut 14 cannot be secured. The fastened object W1 is a channel member having a U-shaped cross section, the fastened object W2 is a fixed member to which the fastened object W1 is fixed, and the U-shaped outer bottom surface of the fastened object W1 is covered. Bolts 12 and nuts 14 are used for fixing to the upper surface of the fastener W2.
In the example of FIG. 3, an example in which the rotation restraint 10 is used on the nut 14 side is shown. However, in FIG. Unlike the example, the case where the rotation restraint tool 10 is used on the bolt 12 side is described as an example.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fastened object W1 has a plane W1a parallel to the seating surface 12a of the bolt 12 and a wall surface W1b extending in the normal direction of the plane W1a, and the plane W1a and the wall surface W1b are bent. It has a cross-sectional shape connected by the R portion W1c. And the rotation restraint tool 10 is for hold | maintaining in the state which blocked | prevented rotation of the head 12b of the volt | bolt 12 with respect to the to-be-fastened object W1.
This rotation restraint tool 10 includes an engaging portion 16 and a base portion 18, and as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the base portion 18 has a plate shape, and in the thickness direction thereof, It has an insertion hole 18b for inserting the shaft portion 12c of the bolt 12 and a washer mounting surface 18c extending to the open end of the insertion hole 18b on the engaging portion 16 side. The base portion 18 includes a contact surface 18a that contacts the wall surface W1b of the fastened object W1 and prevents the engagement portion 16 from rotating in the direction around the axis of the bolt 12 with respect to the fastened object W1. Further, a chamfered portion 18e for avoiding the bent R portion W1c of the article to be fastened W1 is formed on a part of the contact surface 18a.
In the illustrated example, the base 18 is rotationally symmetric (two-fold symmetric) with respect to the central axis of the bolt 12 (central axis of the insertion hole 18b).

On the other hand, the engaging portion 16 protrudes in the axial direction of the bolt 12 from a position where it does not interfere with the washer 22 (see FIG. 1) disposed on the washer mounting surface 18 c of the base portion 18, and further covers the seating surface of the washer 22. In this way, the tip end portion 16a extends to a position (see FIG. 1) that abuts against the side surface constituting the two-surface width of the head portion 12b of the bolt 12. In the illustrated example, the bolt 12 is a hexagonal bolt, and a pair of engaging portions 16 are provided at rotationally symmetric (two-fold symmetric) positions with respect to the central axis of the bolt 12. Further, the installation interval of the pair of engaging portions 16 is arranged such that the tip end portion 16a has a necessary dimensional tolerance (clearance fit) with respect to the head portion 12b of the bolt 12.
Then, above the washer placement surface 18c of the base portion 18, the washer 22 is placed on the washer placement surface 18c from the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the bolt or nut (the paper surface direction in FIG. 1B) by the engagement portion 16. An opening 20 is formed for receiving.

In the illustrated example, the engaging portion 16 and the base portion 18 are both made of steel plates, and the engaging portion 16 is an attachment in which a stay having an L-shaped cross section that is separate from the base portion 18 penetrates the base portion 18 in the thickness direction. It is fitted into the hole 18 d and welded to the base 18.
In addition, the thickness of the board | plate material which comprises the engaging part 16 and the base 18 shall obtain the intensity | strength of the grade which receives the rotational torque of the volt | bolt 12 and does not deform | transform. Reference numeral 24 in FIG. 1 denotes a washer.

In the rotation restraint tool 10 having the above-described configuration, the rotation of the bolt 12 around the axis of the bolt 12 relative to the fastened object W1 is performed by the base portion 18 in a state where the engaging portion 16 is engaged with the head portion 12b (or the nut 14) of the bolt 12. By preventing the bolt 12 and the nut 14 from being tightened, the head 12b of the bolt 12 is not rotated with respect to the fastened object W1 by the rotation restraint 10 without fixing the head 12b of the bolt 12 with a tool. Kept in a state.
At this time, the washer 22 is inserted from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the bolt 12 through the opening 20 into the washer mounting surface 18c spreading at the open end of the insertion hole 18b on the engaging portion side. For this reason, the washer 22 is disposed between the seating surface 12 a of the head 12 b of the bolt 12 and the washer mounting surface 18 c of the base 18. The shaft portion 12 c of the bolt 12 with which the head portion 12 b engages with the engaging portion 16 is inserted through the washer 22 and the insertion hole 18 b of the base portion 18.

Then, the abutting surface 18a of the base 18 abuts against the wall surface W1b of the fastened object W1, so that the head 12b of the bolt 12 engaged with the tip 16a of the engaging part 16 is in contact with the fastened object W1. , Held in a non-rotating state. When the bolt 12 and the nut 14 are tightened in this held state, the head 12b of the bolt 12 constrained by the rotary restraining tool 10 is screwed in by the reaction force when the nut 14 is screwed. The rotation restraint 10 is biased in the same direction R as the direction in which the bolt 12 is screwed in response to the force being urged in the same direction R as the direction (this state is shown in FIG. (Indicated by a chain line). As a result, the contact surface 18a of the base 18 is pressed against the wall surface of the fastened object, and the rotation restraint 10 is prevented from rotating with respect to the fastened object W1. And the rotation restraint tool 10 is fastened by the to-be-fastened objects W1 and W2 with the volt | bolt 12 with the rotation of the volt | bolt 12 blocked. Therefore, when the bolt 12 and the nut 14 are tightened, the head 12b of the bolt 12 is not rotated with respect to the fastened object W1 by the rotation restraint 10 without fixing the head 12b of the bolt 12 with a tool. It is what is done.
In addition, the washer 22 is interposed between the seating surface 12a of the head 12b of the bolt 12 and the washer mounting surface 18c of the base 18, so that a high tightening torque is applied to the bolt 12 and the nut 14. Is possible.

  Further, in the rotation restraining tool 10, the shaft portion 12c of the bolt 12 is inserted into the insertion hole 18b that penetrates in the thickness direction of the plate-like base portion. The engaging portion 16 protrudes in the axial direction of the bolt 12 from a position where it does not interfere with the washer 22 disposed on the washer mounting surface 18 c of the base portion 18, and further covers the seat surface of the washer 22. The tip portion 16a extends to a position where it abuts against the side surface constituting the two-surface width of the head portion 12b, so that the head portion 12b of the bolt 12 is held in a non-rotatable direction around the axis.

  In the illustrated example, the engaging portion 16 formed of a separate stay with respect to the plate-like base portion 18 is fixed to the base portion 18. And the stay which comprises the engaging part 16 is positioned with respect to the base 18 by being fitted in the attachment hole 18d which penetrates the base 18 in the thickness direction. And when welding to the base 18, a welding bead flows into the attachment hole 18d, and a required welding strength is ensured between the base 18 and the engaging part 16. FIG.

In addition, since the engaging portion 16 is rotationally symmetric with respect to the central axis of the bolt 12, the plurality of engaging portions 16 hold the surface constituting the two-surface width of the head 12b of the bolt 12, and the fastened object The prevention of the rotation of the bolt 12 around the axis with respect to W1 is more reliably prevented. In the example shown in the figure, the engaging portion 16 makes two-fold symmetry with respect to the central axis of the bolt 16, thereby abutting so as to sandwich the surface of the head 12 b of the bolt 12 constituting the two-surface width. The head 12b is stably held.
Further, since the base portion 18 is symmetric twice with respect to the central axis of the bolt 12, both sides of the fastened object W1 such that the wall surfaces W1b stand on both sides of a plane parallel to the seating surface 12a of the bolt 12 are provided. It is possible to abut against the wall surface W1b and to exert a rotation restraining function at the two abutting surfaces 18a.

It should be noted that only one engagement portion 16 or a plurality of engagement portions 16 may be provided at positions that are not rotationally symmetric with respect to the central axis of the bolt 12, but the head 12b (or the head 12b of the bolt 12 with respect to one wall surface W1b (or The nut 14) can be held in a blocked state. Also, the base 18 may have only one contact surface 18a. Furthermore, even if the fastened object W1 has a shape having wall surfaces W1b on both sides of a plane parallel to the seating surface 12a of the bolt 12 as shown in the drawing, the same effect is obtained. An effect is obtained. Moreover, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, the rotation restraint tool 10 which has the said each part may be comprised as an integral structure goods by the cutting process instead of the engaging part 16 and the base 18 as separate components.
Then, it will be understood that the relationship between the head 12b of the bolt 12 and the rotation restraint 10 is the same as the relationship with the nut 14, and the same effect can be obtained.

  10, 20: Rotation restraint tool, 12: Bolt, 14: Nut, 16: Engagement part, 16a: Hole part, 18: Base part, 18a: Abutting surface, 18b: Insertion hole, 18c: Washer mounting surface, 18d : Mounting hole, 18e: chamfered portion, 20: opening, 22, 24: washer, W1, W2: fastened object, W1a: plane parallel to the seat surface of the bolt, W1b: wall surface, W1c: bent R portion

Claims (5)

A rotation restraint tool used together with a bolt and a nut when fastening an object to be fastened having a plane parallel to the bearing surface of the bolt or nut and a wall surface extending in the normal direction of the plane,
An engaging portion that is non-rotatable in the direction around the axis with respect to a side surface that constitutes the two-sided width of the bolt head or nut, and a base portion that is positioned in the axial direction of the bolt or nut with respect to the engaging portion. Including
The base portion is in contact with the wall surface of the object to be fastened, and the contact surface of the engaging portion that prevents rotation of the bolt or the nut around the shaft with respect to the object to be fastened is inserted through the shaft portion of the bolt. And a washer mounting surface extending to the open end of the insertion hole on the engagement portion side,
An opening for receiving a washer on the washer mounting surface from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the bolt or nut is formed in one or both of the engaging portion and the base portion. Rotational restraint featured. The base has a plate shape and the insertion hole penetrates in the thickness direction,
The engaging portion protrudes in the axial direction of the bolt or nut from a position where it does not interfere with the washer placed on the washer mounting surface of the base, and further, the head of the bolt so as to cover the seating surface of the washer Or the rotation restraint tool of Claim 1 extended to the position contact | abutted to the side surface which comprises the two surface width of a nut. The rotation according to claim 2, wherein the engaging portion is formed by a stay separate from the base portion being fitted into an attachment hole penetrating the base portion in the thickness direction and welded to the base portion. Restraint. 4. The rotation restraint tool according to claim 1, wherein the engaging portion is rotationally symmetric with respect to a central axis of the bolt or nut. 5. 5. The rotation restraint tool according to claim 1, wherein the base portion is rotationally symmetric with respect to a central axis of the bolt or nut.

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