JP2017145733A - Wind power generation device and control method of wind power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wind power generation device capable of detecting overspeed and quickly suppressing it to enable stable power generation.SOLUTION: A wind power generation device includes a rotor rotating with wind, and is configured to generate power with rotational energy of the rotor. The wind power generation device also includes a control device configured to control rotational speed of the rotor or equipment rotating with rotation of the rotor. The control device, when the rotational speed of the rotor or equipment exceeds a predetermined value equal to or more than a rating rotation speed, is configured to change a rotational speed control coefficient of the control device so as to improve a response characteristic of the control device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator, and more particularly, to a wind turbine generator that suppresses excessive rotation of a rotor.

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of environmental protection, global warming due to emission of carbon dioxide, depletion of fossil fuels, and the like are regarded as problems. Thus, as a power generation device that does not use fossil fuels and can suppress the emission of carbon dioxide, a power generation device that uses renewable energy obtained from nature such as wind power and sunlight has attracted attention.

  Among power generation devices that use renewable energy, solar power generation devices are common, but output changes directly due to solar radiation, so output fluctuations are large and power generation cannot be performed at night. On the other hand, a wind power generator can generate relatively stable power regardless of day or night by selecting a place where the wind conditions such as wind speed and direction are stable. It is also attracting attention because it can be installed on the ocean with a higher wind speed and less change in wind conditions than on land.

  Even with wind power generators installed in places where there is little change in wind conditions, wind direction and wind speed may change significantly due to bad weather, etc., and even in such a case, it is necessary to continue power generation as stably as possible. The problem when the wind direction and wind speed change significantly is that the rotation speed of the rotating system such as the rotor and generator of the wind power generator cannot be controlled, and the rotation speed exceeds the rated rotation speed. Therefore, an excessive load is applied to the apparatus. Furthermore, when the overspeed state continues and the rotation speed exceeds a predetermined value, the operation shifts to a shutdown operation for protecting the device, and thus power generation cannot be continued.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, as a control method for suppressing acceleration due to a gust of wind, “a generator connected to a windmill is controlled by a converter according to the rotational speed of the windmill, In the wind power generation method including an inverter that converts the output of the wind turbine into an arbitrary voltage and frequency and outputs it to the power system, the speed change rate of the rotational speed of the windmill is detected, and the speed change rate and a preset overspeed suppression are detected. The change rate deviation of the start change rate is obtained, and the overspeed suppression torque calculation unit generates the overspeed suppression torque by executing PI calculation when the change rate deviation> overspeed suppression start change rate, and the change rate deviation <overspeed suppression The overspeed suppression torque of the wind turbine is characterized in that the overspeed suppression torque is zero at the start change rate and the added value of the generated overspeed suppression torque and the torque command from the windmill controller is the torque command to the converter. Suppression control method. "Is disclosed.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, as a control method for decelerating rotation without using a brake or the like at an excessive wind speed, “having a wind turbine, a generator, and a protection torque command pattern corresponding to the rotation of the generator, A generator control method for a wind turbine generator comprising: a converter that performs control; and an inverter that converts the output of the converter into a predetermined voltage and frequency and outputs the converted voltage to a system, and according to rotation of the generator In the configuration given by the torque command T_ref = K · f (ω) as a product of the function f (ω) of the speed ω and including the gain K as an element that determines the protection torque command pattern to be determined, it does not reach a predetermined level. When operating normally at wind speed, operate with normal gain Knorm. When the wind speed exceeds a certain level, it is determined that the predetermined level is exceeded. If it is determined that it has exceeded, the gain that determines the protection torque command pattern is increased by a predetermined amount of change, and by increasing the gain, the rotational speed decreases, and the generator torque becomes smaller than a predetermined level. A generator control method for a wind turbine generator, in which, when it is determined, the gain is fixed at the time of the gain and the operation is continued. "

JP 2013-233045 A JP 2006-296189 A

  However, the wind turbine overspeed suppression control method disclosed in Patent Document 1 operates when the wind speed such as a gust of wind changes rapidly. Therefore, it is difficult to cope with an overspeed caused by a change in wind speed or wind direction that is not rapid. is there. In addition, in order to cope with gusts other than during over-rotation, performing speed control more than necessary may cause the control to vibrate and increase the load.

  In the generator control method of the wind power generator disclosed in Patent Document 2, the gain K that determines the torque command pattern that determines the relationship between the wind speed and the rotational speed at the time of excessive wind speed is increased, and the rotational speed with respect to the wind speed is reduced to suppress over-rotation. This eliminates the need for a brake or blade pitch angle adjusting device. However, since the constant rotational speed cannot be controlled by a pitch angle adjusting device or the like in the high wind speed region, the range of wind speeds capable of generating power is narrowed, and the power generation efficiency in the high wind speed region is reduced. In addition, the increase or decrease of the gain K does not change the responsiveness of over-rotation suppression as described above, and the responsiveness of over-rotation suppression is not particularly considered. May be delayed.

  The objective of this invention is providing the wind power generator which enables the stable electric power generation by detecting and suppressing overspeed rapidly.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is a wind power generator that includes a rotor that rotates by receiving wind and generates electric power using rotational energy of the rotor, and rotates with the rotation of the rotor or the rotor. A control device that controls the rotation speed of the device, the control device, when the rotation speed of the rotor or the device exceeds a predetermined value of the rated rotation speed or higher, so as to improve the response characteristics of the control device, The rotational speed control coefficient of the control device is changed.

  The present invention also provides a method for controlling a wind turbine generator that includes a rotor that rotates in response to wind and generates electric power using the rotational energy of the rotor, the rotation of the rotor or a device that rotates as the rotor rotates. A rotational speed deviation is calculated from the speed and the target rotational speed, a rotational speed control coefficient is calculated from the rotational speed of the rotor or the equipment, and the rotor or the equipment is rotated based on the rotational speed deviation and the rotational speed control coefficient. It is characterized by controlling the speed.

  The present invention also provides a method for controlling a wind turbine generator that includes a rotor that rotates in response to wind and generates electric power using the rotational energy of the rotor, the rotation of the rotor or a device that rotates as the rotor rotates. A target rotational speed adjustment value is calculated from the speed and the target rotational speed, a rotational speed deviation is calculated from the rotational speed of the rotor or the equipment and the target rotational speed adjustment value, and the rotor or the equipment is calculated based on the rotational speed deviation. It is characterized by controlling the rotation speed of the.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the wind power generator which enables stable electric power generation is realizable by detecting and suppressing overspeed rapidly.

  Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of embodiments.

It is a figure which shows the structure outline | summary of the wind power generator which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows an example of the relationship between the electric power generated in a wind power generator, a generator rotational speed, a generator torque, and a pitch angle. It is a block diagram which shows the outline | summary of the rotational speed control apparatus of the wind power generator which concerns on Example 1. FIG. It is the schematic which shows an example of the relationship between the rotational speed and control gain which concern on Example 1. FIG. It is the schematic which shows the other example of the relationship between the rotational speed which concerns on Example 1, and a control gain. It is the schematic which shows the relationship between the wind speed in the presence or absence of this invention which concerns on Example 1, a rotational speed, and a control gain. It is a block diagram which shows the outline | summary of the rotational speed control apparatus of the wind power generator concerning Example 2. FIG. It is the schematic which shows an example of the relationship between the rotational speed which concerns on Example 2, and a target rotational speed adjustment value. It is the schematic which shows the relationship between the wind speed in the presence or absence of application of this invention which concerns on Example 2, a rotational speed, and a target rotational speed adjustment value. It is a flowchart which shows the rotational speed control method of the wind power generator which concerns on Example 1. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a rotational speed control method for a wind turbine generator according to a second embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description of overlapping portions is omitted.

  The wind power generator in Example 1 is demonstrated using FIGS. 1-6. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an entire wind power generator to which the present invention can be applied.

  The wind power generator 1 of FIG. 1 includes a rotatable rotor 4 including a hub 2 having a rotating shaft (not shown in the figure) and a plurality of blades 3 attached to the hub 2. The rotor 4 is rotatably supported by the nacelle 5 via a rotating shaft (not shown), and transmits the rotational force of the rotor 4 to the generator 6 in the nacelle 5. When the blade 2 receives wind, the rotor 4 rotates, and the generator 6 is rotated by the rotational force of the rotor 4 to generate electric power.

  The generator 6 includes a generator torque adjusting device 7 that can adjust the generator torque Q. By changing the generator torque Q, the rotational speed W of the rotor 4 and the generator 6 and the wind power generator It is possible to control one generated power P.

  Each blade 3 includes a pitch angle adjusting device 8 that can adjust the angle (pitch angle) of the blade 3 with respect to the wind. By changing the pitch angle, the wind force (air volume) received by the blade 3 is adjusted. The rotational energy of the rotor 4 with respect to the wind is changed. Thereby, it is possible to control the rotational speed W and the generated power P in a wide wind speed region.

  In the wind turbine generator 1, the nacelle 5 is installed on a tower 9 and has a mechanism (not shown) that can rotate with respect to the tower 9. The tower 9 supports the load of the blade 3 via the hub 2 and the nacelle 5 and is fixed to a base (not shown in the figure) installed at a predetermined position on the ground or offshore.

  The wind power generator 1 includes a controller 10, and the controller 10 adjusts the generator torque adjusting device 7 and the pitch angle adjusting device 8 based on the rotational speed W, whereby the generated power P and the rotational speed of the wind power generator 1 are adjusted. Adjust W. The rotational speed W can be measured by a rotational speed sensor (not shown) provided in the rotor 4 and the generator 6, and the rotational position (azimuth angle) of the blade 3 provided in the rotor 4 is detected. It is also possible to calculate from the angle value of the sensor output (not shown in the figure).

  The wind power generator 1 also includes a wind direction and wind speed sensor (not shown in the figure) for measuring the wind direction and wind speed, a power sensor (not shown in the figure) for measuring active power output from the generator, and the like at appropriate positions. Yes.

  In FIG. 1, the controller 10 is illustrated to be installed outside the nacelle 5 or the tower 9, but may be arranged inside the nacelle 5 or the tower 9, or may be installed outside the wind power generator 1. Is possible.

  FIG. 2 shows an outline of the power generation operation of the wind turbine generator 1. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the generated power P with respect to the wind speed V, the rotational speed W of the generator, the generator torque Q, and the pitch angle Θ. The outline of the power generation operation of the wind turbine generator 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The horizontal axis of each graph indicates the wind speed V, and the wind speed increases toward the right side. In addition, the vertical axis of each graph indicates that the values of the generated power P, the rotational speed W, and the generator torque Q increase as they go upward. Regarding the pitch angle Θ, the upper side is the feather (wind escape) side, and the lower side is the fine (wind receiving) side.

  Power generation is performed in the range from the cut-in wind speed Vin at which the rotor 4 starts to rotate to the cut-out wind speed Vout at which the rotation stops. Up to the wind speed Vd, the generated power value P increases as the wind speed V increases. At the above wind speed, the generated power P is constant.

  The controller 10 controls the generator torque Q so that the rotational speed W is constant (Wlow) from the cut-in wind speed Vin to the wind speed Va, and from the wind speed Va to the wind speed Vb where the rotational speed W is equal to or less than the rated rotational speed Wrat. In this range, control is performed by calculating the generator torque Q from the rotational speed W so that the generated power P with respect to the wind speed V becomes maximum. When the rotational speed W reaches the rated rotational speed Wrat exceeding the wind speed Vb, the generator torque Q and the pitch angle Θ are controlled so as to maintain the rated rotational speed Wrat. Basically, in order to secure the generated power P, the generator torque Q is controlled. In the control of the generator torque Q, the generator torque Q is changed according to the wind speed V in the range from the wind speed Vb to the wind speed Vd until the rated generator torque Qrat is reached, and in the range from the wind speed Vd to the cutout wind speed Vout, Maintains the rated generator torque Qrat.

  In the control of the pitch angle, the pitch angle Θ is held at the fine side Θmin until the wind speed Vc, and the pitch angle Θ is changed from the fine side Θmin to the feather side Θmax according to the wind speed V in the range of the wind speed Vc to the cutout Vout. . However, in the example of FIG. 2, the control of the generator torque Q and the pitch angle Θ is overlapped in the range from the wind speed Vc to the wind speed Vd, but this eliminates the overlap by setting Vc = Vd, and the generator torque Q And control of the pitch angle Θ may be executed independently.

  In the present invention, when the power generation operation is performed at a constant rotational speed Wrat equal to or higher than the wind speed Vb as shown in FIG. 2, the rotational speed W greatly exceeds the rated rotational speed Wrat due to a sudden increase in the wind speed. When the state occurs, the overspeed state is detected, and the responsiveness of the control of the rotational speed V such as the generator torque control and the pitch angle control is improved, and the overspeed state is quickly suppressed.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an outline of the rotation speed control device 300 of the wind turbine generator 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The rotation speed control device 300 according to the first embodiment includes a subtraction unit 301, a generator torque control unit 302, a pitch angle control unit 303, a control gain adjustment unit 304, a generator torque adjustment device 7, and a pitch angle adjustment device 8. . The subtracting means 301, the generator torque control means 302, the pitch angle control means 303, and the control gain adjusting means 304 are provided in the controller 10.

  The subtraction means 301 calculates the rotational speed deviation Wdif from the target rotational speed Wdem and the rotational speed W, and inputs it to the generator torque control means 302 and the pitch angle control means 303. The generator torque control means 302 calculates the generator torque target value Qdem from the rotational speed deviation Wdif and inputs it to the generator torque adjustment device 7 to control the generator torque Q. Further, the pitch angle control means 303 calculates the pitch angle target value Θdem from the rotational speed deviation Wdif and inputs it to the pitch angle adjusting device 8 to control the pitch angle Q.

  Further, the control gain adjusting means 304 determines and outputs the generator torque control gain Gct and the pitch angle control gain Gcp based on the value of the rotational speed W, and the response of the generator torque control means 302 and the pitch angle control means 303. Change sex. The target rotational speed Wdem is generally the rated rotational speed Wrat, but can be set to another value depending on the situation or the like.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of the relationship between the rotational speed W and the control gain Gc in the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, the horizontal axis represents the rotational speed W, and the vertical axis represents the control gain Gc determined by the control gain adjusting unit 304 based on the rotational speed W. The control gain Gc is constant (Gnrm) when the rotational speed W is equal to or less than the overspeed threshold Wthr. However, when the rotational speed W exceeds the overspeed threshold Wthr, the control gain Gc increases at a constant ratio. When the rotational speed W increases and exceeds the shutdown rotational speed Wsdn, the power generation is stopped and the operation is shifted to the shutdown operation to protect the device. Therefore, the increase of the control gain is stopped at that time, and is adjusted to the shutdown operation. Set to control gain Gc.

  As the control gain Gc, in addition to the loop gain of the control system, the response of the rotational speed control for the gain of each component of the control system, for example, the proportional gain or the integral gain in the case of PI (proportional-integral) control. You may make it change to the value which improves property.

  In a normal rotation control state, in order to avoid the rotation control becoming unstable and becoming vibration and increasing the fatigue load and the like, the control gain is determined with emphasis on stability. Therefore, the response when the engine is in the overspeed state is delayed, and in some cases, the rotational speed W exceeds the shutdown rotational speed Wsdn, and the shutdown operation is performed to stop power generation.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, when the overspeed state is detected with the overspeed threshold Wthr, and the rotational speed W exceeds the overspeed threshold Wthr, the control gain Gc is based on the rotational speed W. By increasing the value, it is possible to improve the responsiveness of the rotational speed control and suppress the over-rotation state. In order to avoid interference with the normal rotation control state, the overspeed threshold Wthr is set to a value equal to or higher than the rated speed Wrat. In FIG. 4, the overspeed threshold Wthr is set to a value slightly larger than the rated speed Wrat so as to avoid the rotational speed fluctuation range in the normal rotation control state.

  FIG. 5 shows another example of the relationship between the rotational speed W and the control gain Gc in the first embodiment. As in FIG. 4, the horizontal axis represents the rotational speed W, and the vertical axis represents the control gain Gc determined by the control gain adjusting unit 304 based on the rotational speed W. In FIG. 5, the overspeed threshold Wthr and the rated speed Wrat are made to coincide with each other. However, in the vicinity of the overspeed threshold Wthr, an increase curve that suppresses the increase rate of the control gain Gc is used, so that normal rotation control is performed. The interference with the state is reduced, and the control is smoothly shifted to the over-rotation state control.

  In FIG. 3, the generator torque control gain Gct and the pitch angle control gain Gcp are separated, but the same value may be used, or the rotational speed W and control differed for each individual element. It can also be determined using the relationship of the gain Gc.

  Further, the relationship between the rotational speed W and the control gain Gc is not limited to the above example, and for example, the control gain Gc may change stepwise or stepwise. That is, when the rotational speed W of a device such as the rotor 4 or the generator 6 exceeds a predetermined value (Wthr) that is equal to or higher than the rated rotational speed, the rotational speed control device 300 corresponds to the increase or decrease of the rotational speed W ( Responsiveness of rotational speed control is improved by changing rotational speed control coefficients such as generator torque control gain Gct and pitch angle control gain Gcp).

  The control method of the wind power generator of the present embodiment described above will be described in order using the flowchart of FIG.

First, data on the rotational speed (rotational speed W) of the rotor 4 or the generator 6 of the wind power generator 1 is acquired. When a rotational speed measuring device or a rotational speed measuring device is installed in the rotor 4 or the generator 6 of the wind power generator 1, data is acquired from these measuring devices. It is also possible to obtain data by calculation from the power output value of the wind turbine generator 1 or the like. (Step S1)
Subsequently, the data (rotation speed W) acquired in step S1 is compared with a preset over-rotation speed threshold (Wthr) based on a past operation database of the wind turbine generator. (Step S2)
When the rotational speed W is equal to or lower than the overspeed threshold (Wthr), that is, when W ≦ Wthr, the wind turbine generator 1 continues the operation control at the steady state. On the other hand, when the rotational speed W exceeds the overspeed threshold (Wthr), that is, when W> Wthr, the process proceeds to step S3 and step S4.

In step S3, a rotational speed deviation (Wdif) is calculated from the rotational speed W and the target rotational speed (Wdem). (Step S3) In step S4, a control gain (rotational speed control coefficient) is calculated from the rotational speed W. (Step S4)
Next, a generator torque target value (Qdem) and a pitch angle target value (Θdem) are calculated from the rotational speed deviation (Wdif) calculated in step S3 and the control gain (rotational speed control coefficient) calculated in step S4. (Step S5)
Subsequently, the generator torque of the generator 6 and the pitch angle of the blade 3 are adjusted based on the generator torque target value (Qdem) and the pitch angle target value (Θdem). (Step S6) Thereby, the rotation speed (rotation speed W) of the rotor 4 and the generator 6 is controlled.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the invention in the first embodiment. The horizontal axis of FIG. 6 indicates time T, and the vertical axis indicates the wind speed V, the rotational speed W, and the control gain Gc from the top of the figure. Moreover, the broken line shown in the rotational speed W and the control gain Gc in FIG. 6 is the result when the present invention is not applied, and the solid line indicates the result when the present invention is applied.

  FIG. 6 shows an example in which the wind speed V temporarily increases between times T1 and T4. As the wind speed V increases, the rotational speed W exceeds the overspeed threshold Wthr at time T2. When the present invention is not applied, since the responsiveness of the rotational speed control is slow, the rotational speed W increases as the wind speed V increases and exceeds the shutdown rotational speed Wsdn. Power generation stops.

  On the other hand, when the present invention is applied, the control gain Gc increases with the rotational speed W during the period from the time T2 to the time T3 when the rotational speed W exceeds the overspeed threshold Wthr. Since the overspeed state is suppressed by improving the responsiveness, the power generation can be continued without shifting to the shutdown operation.

  The wind power generator in Example 2 is demonstrated using FIGS. 7-9. Detailed description of the same points as those in the first embodiment will be omitted.

  FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an outline of the rotation speed control device 700 of the wind turbine generator 1 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The rotation speed control device 700 according to the second embodiment includes a subtraction unit 701, a generator torque control unit 702, a pitch angle control unit 703, a target rotation speed adjustment unit 704, a generator torque adjustment device 7, and a pitch angle adjustment device 8. The The subtracting means 701, the generator torque control means 702, the pitch angle control means 703, and the target rotational speed adjustment means 704 are provided in the controller 10.

  The subtracting means 701 calculates a rotational speed deviation Wdif from the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ and the rotational speed W, and inputs it to the generator torque control means 702 and the pitch angle control means 703. The generator torque control means 702 calculates the generator torque target value Qdem from the rotational speed deviation Wdif and inputs it to the generator torque adjustment device 7 to control the generator torque Q. Further, the pitch angle control means 703 calculates the pitch angle target value Θdem from the rotational speed deviation Wdif and inputs it to the pitch angle adjusting device 8 to control the pitch angle Q. Further, the target rotational speed adjusting means 704 determines and outputs a target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ from the rotational speed W and the target rotational speed Wdem.

  FIG. 8 shows an example of the relationship between the rotational speed W and the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ in the second embodiment. In FIG. 8, the horizontal axis represents the rotational speed W, and the vertical axis represents the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ determined by the target rotational speed adjusting means 704 based on the rotational speed W. When the rotational speed W is equal to or lower than the overspeed threshold Wthr, the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ is constant in accordance with the target rotational speed Wdem, but when the rotational speed W exceeds the overspeed threshold Wthr, the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ is constant. The ratio is decreasing.

  When the overspeed state is detected with the overspeed threshold Wthr, and the rotational speed W exceeds the overspeed threshold Wthr, the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ is lowered from the original target rotational speed Wdem based on the rotational speed W. Thus, the rotational speed deviation Wdif is increased. As a result, since the inputs of the generator torque control means 702 and the pitch angle control means 703 increase with respect to the rotational speed W, the responsiveness of the rotational speed control can be improved, and the overspeed state can be suppressed. Is possible.

  The relationship between the rotational speed W and the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ is not limited to the example of FIG. 8. For example, even if the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ changes in a curve, step, or step shape. Good.

  The control method of the wind power generator of the present embodiment described above will be described in order using the flowchart of FIG.

First, data on the rotational speed (rotational speed W) of the rotor 4 or the generator 6 of the wind power generator 1 is acquired. (Step S1)
Subsequently, the data (rotation speed W) acquired in step S1 is compared with a preset over-rotation speed threshold (Wthr) based on a past operation database of the wind turbine generator. (Step S2) Steps S1 and S2 are the same as those in FIG.

  When the rotational speed W is equal to or lower than the overspeed threshold (Wthr), that is, when W ≦ Wthr, the wind turbine generator 1 continues the operation control at the steady state. On the other hand, when the rotational speed W exceeds the overspeed threshold (Wthr), that is, when W> Wthr, the process proceeds to step S3 '.

In step S3 ′, a target rotational speed adjustment value (Wdem ′) is calculated from the rotational speed W and the target rotational speed (Wdem). (Step S3 ′)
Next, a rotational speed deviation (Wdif) is calculated from the rotational speed W and the target rotational speed adjustment value (Wdem ′) calculated in step S3 ′. (Step S4 ′)
Subsequently, the generator torque target value (Qdem) and the pitch angle target value (Θdem) are calculated from the rotational speed deviation (Wdif) calculated in step S4 ′. (Step S5 ′)
Subsequently, the generator torque of the generator 6 and the pitch angle of the blade 3 are adjusted based on the generator torque target value (Qdem) and the pitch angle target value (Θdem). (Step S6) Thereby, the rotation speed (rotation speed W) of the rotor 4 and the generator 6 is controlled.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the invention in the second embodiment. The horizontal axis in FIG. 9 indicates time T, and the vertical axis indicates the wind speed V, the rotational speed W, and the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ from the top of the figure. Further, the broken lines shown in the rotational speed W and the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem 'in FIG. 9 are the results when the present invention is not applied, and the solid lines indicate the results when the present invention is applied.

  FIG. 9 shows an example in which the wind speed V temporarily increases between times T1 and T4. As the wind speed V increases, the rotational speed W exceeds the overspeed threshold Wthr at time T2. When the present invention is not applied, since the responsiveness of the rotational speed control is slow, the rotational speed W increases as the wind speed V increases and exceeds the shutdown rotational speed Wsdn. Power generation stops.

  On the other hand, when the present invention is applied, the target rotational speed adjustment value Wdem ′ becomes the target rotational speed along with the rotational speed W during the period from time T2 to T3 when the rotational speed W exceeds the overspeed threshold Wthr. Since the rotational speed deviation Wdif increases from the original value and the responsiveness of the rotational speed control is improved, the overspeed state is suppressed and power generation continues without shifting to the shutdown operation. can do.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the present invention has been described in detail using an example of a wind power generator. For example, a current generator that generates power using ocean current energy or power that uses tidal energy generates power. It is also possible to apply the control method of the present invention to a tidal current power generator. Stable power supply is possible even when there is a sudden rise in ocean currents and tidal currents.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wind power generator, 2 ... Hub, 3 ... Blade, 4 ... Rotor, 5 ... Nacelle, 6 ... Generator, 7 ... Generator torque adjusting device, 8 ... Pitch angle adjusting device, 9 ... Tower, 10 ... Controller, 300, 700 ... rotational speed control device, 301, 701 ... subtracting means, 302, 702 ... generator torque control means, 303, 703 ... pitch angle control means, 304 ... control gain adjusting means, 704 ... target rotational speed adjusting means.

Claims (15)

A wind power generator comprising a rotor that rotates by receiving wind, and that generates electric power using the rotational energy of the rotor,
A control device for controlling the rotational speed of the rotor or a device that rotates with the rotation of the rotor;
The control device changes a rotation speed control coefficient of the control device so as to improve a response characteristic of the control device when a rotation speed of the rotor or the device exceeds a predetermined value equal to or higher than a rated rotation speed. Wind power generator characterized by. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1,
The said control apparatus is a wind power generator characterized by hold | maintaining the said rotational speed control coefficient uniformly, when the rotational speed of the said rotor or the said apparatus is less than the said predetermined value. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1,
The control device, when the rotational speed of the rotor or the device exceeds a predetermined value equal to or higher than a rated rotational speed, changes the rotational speed control coefficient corresponding to the increase / decrease of the rotational speed, apparatus. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1,
The control device includes a pitch angle adjusting device for adjusting a pitch angle of blades constituting the rotor, and a generator torque adjusting device for adjusting a generator torque of the generator,
The wind power generator characterized by controlling the rotational speed of the said rotor or the said apparatus by adjusting at least any one among the said pitch angle adjusting device and the said generator torque adjusting device. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1,
The rotational speed control coefficient is a control gain, and the response characteristic of the control device is improved by changing the control gain. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1,
The rotational speed control coefficient is a target rotational speed of the rotor or the device, and the response characteristic of the control device is improved by changing the target rotational speed. The wind power generator according to claim 1,
The rotational speed of the rotor or the device is either a rotational speed measured by a measuring device or a rotational speed calculated by calculation. A method for controlling a wind turbine generator that includes a rotor that rotates by receiving wind and that generates electric power using rotational energy of the rotor,
Calculate the rotational speed deviation from the rotational speed and target rotational speed of the rotor or the device that rotates with the rotation of the rotor,
Calculate a rotational speed control coefficient from the rotational speed of the rotor or the device,
A method for controlling a wind turbine generator, comprising: controlling a rotational speed of the rotor or the device based on the rotational speed deviation and the rotational speed control coefficient. A method for controlling a wind turbine generator according to claim 8,
When the rotational speed of the rotor or the device exceeds a predetermined value equal to or higher than the rated rotational speed,
A control method for a wind turbine generator that performs control according to the control method. A method for controlling a wind turbine generator that includes a rotor that rotates by receiving wind and that generates electric power using rotational energy of the rotor,
A target rotational speed adjustment value is calculated from the rotational speed and target rotational speed of the rotor or the device that rotates with the rotation of the rotor,
Calculate a rotational speed deviation from the rotational speed of the rotor or the device and the target rotational speed adjustment value,
A method for controlling a wind turbine generator, comprising: controlling a rotational speed of the rotor or the device based on the rotational speed deviation. A method for controlling a wind turbine generator according to claim 10,
When the rotational speed of the rotor or the device exceeds a predetermined value equal to or higher than the rated rotational speed,
A control method for a wind turbine generator that performs control according to the control method. It is a control method of the wind power generator according to any one of claims 8 to 11,
A method for controlling a wind turbine generator, wherein the rotational speed of the rotor or the device is controlled by adjusting at least one of a pitch angle of a blade constituting the rotor and a generator torque of a generator. . A method for controlling a wind turbine generator according to claim 8 or 9,
The rotational speed control coefficient is a control gain, and the rotational speed of the rotor or the device is controlled based on the control gain. A method for controlling a wind turbine generator according to claim 8 or 9,
The rotational speed control coefficient is a target rotational speed of the rotor, and the rotational speed of the rotor or the device is controlled based on the target rotational speed. It is a control method of the wind power generator according to any one of claims 8 to 11,
The rotational speed of the rotor or the device is either a rotational speed measured by a measuring device or a rotational speed calculated by calculation.

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