JP2017133750A - Woody pellet combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a woody pellet combustion device which can reduce a manufacturing cost.SOLUTION: A woody pellet combustion device 1 has a combustion chamber 2, a combustion plate 3 provided in the combustion chamber 2, a removal plate 6 which reciprocally move on a surface of the combustion plate 3 with their surface being overlapped, so as to push out combustion ash on the surface of the combustion plate 3 and remove it from the combustion plate 3, and a handle 8 which is connected to the removal plate 6 and reciprocally moves the removal plate 6 by the operation of a user outside the combustion chamber 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood pellet combustion apparatus.

  Conventionally, high-quality fuels such as gas and oil have been used for heating sources such as warm water or steam boilers and refrigerators of absorption chillers. However, in recent years, attention has been focused on biomass fuel from the viewpoint of effective use of resources and protection of the global environment, and wood pellets are particularly known as woody biomass fuel. Wood pellets are generally solid fuel that is compression-molded by crushing waste materials and forest land residues, etc., generated from main and thinned timber, etc., and is characterized by stable quality such as shape and moisture content. Therefore, since it is easy to handle as compared with other biomass fuels, its use has been widely studied.

  Since wood pellets generate a relatively large amount of combustion ash, emission of combustion ash becomes a problem for stable combustion. In addition, when a high temperature region is formed due to the denseness of the wood pellets, the accumulated combustion ash may be melted and sintered to generate combustion ash clinker (hereinafter referred to as “clinker”). Since it is difficult to blow off the clinker with a normal air flow of combustion air, the clinker gradually increases, and in some cases, combustion failure such as defective combustion may occur.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a wood pellet combustor. In this combustor, a fire bed in which ceramic particles are spread on a perforated plate is formed in the primary combustion chamber, and wood pellets are dispersed in the fire bed and combustion air is ejected from the lower side of the perforated plate, Burning wood pellets. Ash generated by combustion (combustion ash) is discharged to the downstream secondary combustion chamber by a combustion air or combustion gas stream. At this time, the perforated plate is moved back and forth by the drive unit, and the clinker formed on the fire bed is crushed, thereby suppressing the growth of the clinker and preventing the occurrence of combustion failure.

  In Patent Document 2, an ash scraper that processes ash generated in an incinerator, a self-propelled carriage that is equipped with an ash scraper and can travel in a plane direction, and drives the ash scraper vertically. An ash treatment apparatus having a drive device mounted on the self-propelled carriage is disclosed. Patent Document 3 discloses a scraping device that moves and drops incinerated ash deposited on a grate of a furnace body to an ash outlet. This scraping device has a scraping bar that is advanced and retracted along the upper surface of the grate, and a scraping plate that is attached across the scraping bar and that is advanced and retracted toward the ash outlet as the scraping bar advances and retreats. It has a unit. The tip end side of the scraping bar extends out of the furnace body across the ash outlet, and is connected to a drive device that drives the scraping bar forward and backward.

JP 2010-25463 A JP-A-7-91641 JP 2005-61721 A

  However, according to the methods disclosed in these patent documents, a dedicated drive device is required for the treatment of the combustion ash. For this reason, there is a problem that the structure of the apparatus becomes complicated and the manufacturing cost increases accordingly.

  This invention is made | formed in view of this situation, The objective provides the wood pellet combustion apparatus which can aim at reduction of manufacturing cost.

  In order to solve such a problem, the wood pellet combustion apparatus of the present invention performs combustion by reciprocating on the surface of the combustion plate so that the combustion chamber, the combustion plate provided in the combustion chamber, and the surfaces of each other overlap each other. A removal plate for extruding and removing the combustion ash present on the surface of the plate from the combustion plate, and a handle connected to the removal plate and reciprocating the removal plate by an operation of a user outside the combustion chamber. It is characterized by that.

  Here, the present invention preferably further includes a guide member that slidably mounts the removal plate and sets the direction of the removal plate relative to the combustion plate and the position of the removal plate relative to the combustion plate.

  In the present invention, the combustion chamber is provided on a cylindrical combustion chamber main body and a vertical wall-like end wall that closes the combustion chamber main body so that the removal plate moves in and out on the surface of the combustion plate. And an opening having an opening height larger than the thickness of the removal plate, and a shielding plate arranged to be slidable in the vertical direction at a position corresponding to the opening in the end wall. The lower end of the shielding plate is in contact with the upper surface of the removal plate due to its own weight, and the vertical movement between the opening and the removal plate follows the fluctuation in the vertical direction of the removal plate. It is preferable to seal the gap.

  According to the present invention, since the removal plate can be manually operated by using the handle, the apparatus configuration can be simplified. Thereby, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Sectional perspective view which shows typically the structure of the wood pellet combustion apparatus which concerns on this embodiment Sectional drawing in the state which looked at the wood pellet combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 1 from the side Sectional drawing in the state which looked at the wood pellet combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 1 from upper direction Explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the removal board which concerns on a wood pellet combustion apparatus Explanatory drawing showing the operation of the removal plate with the shielding plate as the center

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the side, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from above. .

  The wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment mainly includes a combustion chamber 2, a combustion plate 3, an air flow path 4, a pellet supply unit 5, a removal plate 6, a guide member 7, and a handle 8. It is configured.

  The combustion chamber 2 is mainly composed of a combustion chamber main body 20 constituting a combustion furnace. The combustion chamber body 20 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a leg portion 21 is erected on the bottom thereof. The leg 21 is a member for holding the combustion plate 3, and the combustion plate 3 is disposed at the center bottom of the combustion chamber main body 20 via the leg 21.

  In the combustion chamber body 20, side plates 22 are erected on both sides of the combustion plate 3 along the axial direction of the combustion chamber body 20, and above the side plate 22, along the axial direction of the combustion chamber body 20. A fire wall 23 is arranged. The refractory wall 23 has a sloped shape toward the combustion plate 3 so that the wood pellets can easily roll off the combustion plate 3.

  One end of the combustion chamber body 20 is connected to a secondary combustion chamber (not shown). The other end of the combustion chamber body 20 is closed by a vertical wall-like end wall 25.

  A pellet opening 25 a is formed at the upper center of the end wall 25. The tip of the pellet supply unit 5 is inserted into the pellet opening 25a.

  A removal plate opening 25b is formed at the lower center of the end wall 25, and the removal plate 6 enters and exits the combustion chamber 2 via the removal plate opening 25b. The opening width of the removal plate opening 25b is set to be equal to the width direction of the removal plate 6, and the opening height is set to a height obtained by adding a certain margin to the thickness of the removal plate 6.

  In addition, a shielding plate 26 is disposed at a position corresponding to the removal plate opening 25 b in the end wall 25 so as to overlap the end wall 25. The shielding plate 26 has a function of sealing a clearance between the removal plate openings 25 b generated between the shielding plate 26 and the removal plate 6.

  The shielding plate 26 is configured to be slidable in the vertical direction along the end wall 25. Specifically, an ellipse (not shown) that is vertically long in the vertical direction is formed on the end wall 25, and this ellipse is formed on the back surface (surface that contacts the end wall 25) of the shielding plate 26. A stepped screw 27 is attached via Due to the presence of the stepped screw 27, the movement of the shielding plate 26 is restricted in the vertical direction, which is the opening direction of the oval. Further, since the shielding plate 26 receives a force in the vertical direction due to its own weight, the lower end portion 26 a of the shielding plate 26 is in contact with the upper surface 6 b of the removal plate 6. As a result, the shielding plate 26 exists in the gap between the removal plate opening 25b and the removal plate 6, and the gap is sealed.

  The combustion plate 3 is a plate-like member (perforated plate) in which a large number of air holes are formed, and is constituted by, for example, a metal flat plate. The combustion plate 3 has a rectangular shape that is long in the axial direction of the combustion chamber body 20. Hereinafter, in the combustion plate 3, a direction corresponding to the axial direction of the combustion chamber body 20 is referred to as a length direction, and a direction orthogonal to the length direction is referred to as a width direction (the same applies to the removal plate 6).

  The air flow path 4 is a flow path that is provided below the combustion plate 3 and supplies primary air (combustion air) to the lower surface 3 a side of the combustion plate 3. The air flow path 4 is supplied with combustion air from a blower (not shown) such as a blower.

  The pellet supply unit 5 supplies wooden pellets into the combustion chamber main body 20 through the pellet opening 25a, and the wooden pellets supplied from the pellet supply unit 5 fall on the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3. . Wood pellets are supplied to the pellet supply unit 5 from a supply device (not shown).

  The removal plate 6 is a plate-like member formed so that the dimensions in the length direction and the width direction correspond to those of the combustion plate 3, and for example, a steel plate is subjected to aluminum plating. The removal plate 6 is mounted on the guide member 7 and is configured to be slidable on the guide member 7. The removal plate 6 is disposed on the surface of the combustion plate 3 so that the lower surface 6a of the removal plate 6 and the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3 overlap each other. Move back and forth.

  Specifically, the removal plate 6 is inserted into the combustion chamber 2 through the removal plate opening 25b. The home position of the removal plate 6 is such that the vicinity of the front end portion 6c of the removal plate 6 is the combustion plate. 3 end wall 25 side end portion (hereinafter referred to as “base end portion”) 3c and the vicinity thereof. When entering from the home position to the inside of the combustion chamber 2 (secondary combustion chamber side), the removal plate 6 moves on the surface of the combustion plate 3, and its tip 6 c is secondary combustion of the combustion plate 3. It can move to the end portion (hereinafter referred to as “tip portion”) 3d on the chamber side. Similarly, when retreating from the combustion chamber 2, the removal plate 6 can move on the surface of the combustion plate 3 and reach the home position.

  By the reciprocating movement of the removal plate 6, the combustion ash (including the clinker) existing on the upper surface 3 b of the combustion plate 3 is scraped off by the removal plate 6 and removed from the combustion plate 3.

  The guide member 7 slidably mounts the removal plate 6 and guides the reciprocation of the removal plate 6. The guide member 7 is disposed outside the combustion chamber 2, and is disposed so that the removal plate 6 enters the combustion chamber 2 from the removal plate opening 25 b of the end wall 25. By arranging the guide member 7, the direction of the removal plate 6 with respect to the combustion plate 3 and the position of the removal plate 6 with respect to the combustion plate 3 can be set (adjusted). Here, the direction of the removal plate 6 refers to an angle formed by the central axis extending in the length direction of the removal plate 6 with respect to the central axis extending in the length direction of the combustion plate 3, and the position of the removal plate 6 is in the horizontal direction and The vertical position.

  In order to remove the combustion ash effectively, the direction and position of the removal plate 6 are such that the removal plate 6 and the combustion plate 3 are parallel to each other, and the lower surface 6a of the removal plate 6 and the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3 Is preferably in a contact relationship. By appropriately setting the direction and position of the removal plate 6 by the guide member 7, the removal plate 6 extends along the length direction of the combustion plate 3 on the surface of the combustion plate 3 with excellent removal performance. Will reciprocate.

  The handle 8 is connected to the rear end 6d of the removal plate 6, and a part of the handle 8 protrudes outside the combustion chamber 2 (wood pellet combustion apparatus 1). The handle 8 is operated by a user outside the combustion chamber 2 (wood pellet combustion apparatus 1), and the removal plate 6 can be reciprocated through the handle operation. Specifically, when the handle 8 is operated to be pushed into the apparatus, the removal plate 6 moves in the axial direction of the combustion chamber 2 from the home position to the tip 3d of the combustion plate 3, while the handle 8 is moved into the apparatus. When the operation is performed so that the removal plate 6 is pulled out, the removal plate 6 moves in the axial direction of the combustion chamber 2 from the tip 3d of the combustion plate 3 to the home position.

  The operation of the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 having such a configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. Here, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are explanatory views showing the operation of the removal plate 6 according to the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1, and schematically show only the main part of the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1. When the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 is burned, the user operates the handle 8 to set the removal plate 6 at the home position. First, when wood pellets are supplied from the pellet supply unit 5 to the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3, the wood pellets are burned by an ignition mechanism (not shown). This ignition mechanism is stopped when the wood pellets start to burn.

  Next, combustion air is supplied from the blower to the air flow path 4, and this combustion air is supplied to the lower surface 3 a of the combustion plate 3. Since this combustion air reaches the upper surface 3b through the vent holes of the combustion plate 3, the wood pellets of the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3 burn. Ash generated by combustion (combustion ash) is discharged into a secondary combustion chamber (not shown) by combustion air or combustion gas flow.

  In this combustion process, a high temperature region may be formed on the combustion plate 3 due to the denseness of the wood pellets. When a high temperature region is formed on the combustion plate 3, the combustion ash is melted and sintered to produce a clinker. Since this clinker cannot be blown away by a normal air flow of combustion air, the clinker becomes gradually larger and may cause a combustion failure such as defective combustion. In this case, the operation efficiency is lowered.

  Therefore, the operation of removing the combustion ash (including the clinker) existing on the surface of the combustion plate 3 (on the upper surface 3b) while the combustion operation of the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 is stopped or temporarily stopped. Do. This operation is performed by the user of the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 operating the handle 8.

  Specifically, when the user performs an operation of pushing the handle 8 into the apparatus, the removal plate 6 moves along the axial direction of the combustion chamber 2 from the home position to the tip portion 3d of the combustion plate 3. In this case, the removal plate 6 moves on the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3 so that the lower surface 6a of the removal plate 6 and the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3 overlap. The combustion ash present on the upper surface 3 b of the combustion plate 3 is scraped off by the corners of the tip end portion 6 c of the removal plate 6, and the scraped combustion ash is pushed out in the traveling direction by the tip end portion 6 c of the removal plate 6. It is. When such a state continues from the home position to the tip 3d of the combustion plate 3, the combustion ash present on the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3 is removed. The removed combustion ash is dropped from the combustion plate 3 when the front end portion 6c of the removal plate 6 reaches the front end portion 3d of the combustion plate 3, and is discharged to the secondary combustion chamber side.

  Here, when the removal plate 6 moves due to the pushing operation of the handle 8, combustion ash or the like enters between the removal plate 6 and the combustion plate 3, so that the position of the removal plate 6 may fluctuate in the vertical direction. . In this case, the opening height of the removal plate opening 25 b is set to a height obtained by adding a margin to the thickness of the removal plate 6, and thus the fluctuation in the vertical direction of the removal plate 6 can be allowed. Further, since the shielding plate 26 is slidable in the vertical direction (vertical direction along the end wall 25) along the end wall 25, the shielding plate 26 varies in the vertical direction following the vertical variation of the removal plate 6. To do. As a result, the lower end portion 26 a of the shielding plate 26 is always in contact with the upper surface 6 b of the removal plate 6. By the follow-up operation of the shielding plate 26, the gap between the removal plate opening 25b and the removal plate 6 is sealed by the shielding plate 26 without being exposed.

  On the other hand, when the tip 6c of the removal plate 6 reaches the tip 3d of the combustion plate 3, the user performs an operation of pulling out the handle 8 from the apparatus. In accordance with this pulling operation, the removal plate 6 moves along the axial direction of the combustion chamber 2 from the tip 3d of the combustion plate 3 to the home position. In this case, the removal plate 6 moves on the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3 so that the lower surface 6a of the removal plate 6 and the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3 overlap. Thereby, the removal plate 6 is returned to the home position, and the combustion plate 3 from which the combustion ash is removed appears in the combustion chamber 2.

  Further, when the removal plate 6 is moved in accordance with the pulling operation of the handle 8, the shielding plate 26 is slidable in the vertical direction so that the lower end portion 26a of the shielding plate 26 is always on the upper surface 6b of the removal plate 6. It remains in contact. As a result, the gap between the removal plate opening 25b and the removal plate 6 is sealed by the shielding plate 26 without being exposed.

  Further, when a large amount of combustion ash is present on the combustion plate 3, the combustion ash may ride on the upper surface 6 b of the removal plate 6 when the handle 8 is pushed. Therefore, when the removal plate 6 returns to the home position, the combustion ash reaches the removal plate opening 25b. However, since the gap between the removal plate opening 25b and the removal plate 6 is blocked by the shielding plate 26, the combustion ash riding on the upper surface 6b of the removal plate 6 is blocked by the shielding plate 26. .

  Thus, in this embodiment, the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 reciprocates on the surface of the combustion plate 3 so that the combustion chamber 2 and the combustion plate 3 provided in the combustion chamber 2 overlap each other. The removal plate 6 that extrudes the combustion ash existing on the surface of the combustion plate 3 and removes it from the combustion plate 3 is connected to the removal plate 6, and the removal plate 6 is removed by the operation of the user outside the combustion chamber 2. And a handle 8 for reciprocal movement.

  According to this configuration, since the removal plate 6 can be manually operated by using the handle 8, the configuration of the apparatus can be simplified. That is, it is not necessary to provide a drive device that drives the removal plate 6. Thereby, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Moreover, since the combustion ash of the combustion plate 3 can be appropriately removed by operating the handle 8, it is possible to suppress a decrease in combustion efficiency of the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1.

  Further, when the user simply operates the handle 8, the removal plate 6 in the combustion chamber 2 reciprocates. For this reason, it is not necessary to open the combustion chamber 2 when removing the combustion ash, and maintenance can be performed safely and easily. Further, since the drive device is not used, maintenance (disassembly, device, assembly, etc.) of the entire device is simplified, and a user-friendly device can be provided without requiring specialized maintenance personnel.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 is equipped with the guide member 7 which mounts the removal plate 6 so that sliding is possible, and sets the direction of the removal plate 6 with respect to the combustion plate 3 and the position of the removal plate 6 with respect to the combustion plate 3. In addition.

  According to this configuration, the direction and position of the removal plate 6 can be appropriately adjusted with respect to the combustion plate 3. For this reason, it is possible to create a state in which the lower surface 6a of the removal plate 6 and the upper surface 3b of the combustion plate 3 are in contact with each other so as to contact each other. Thereby, the corner | angular part of the front-end | tip part 6c of the removal board 6 passes uniformly the upper surface 3b of the combustion board 3, and the combustion ash which does not scatter by the solid clinker and wind pressure can be scraped off. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of a combustion disorder | damage | failure can be suppressed effectively.

  In the present embodiment, the combustion chamber 2 includes a cylindrical combustion chamber main body 20, a removal plate opening 25 b, and a shielding plate 26. Here, the removal plate opening 25b is an opening provided in the vertical wall-like end wall 25 that closes the combustion chamber main body 20 in order for the removal plate 6 to enter and exit as the reciprocating movement occurs on the surface of the combustion plate 3. There is an opening height larger than the thickness of the removal plate 6. Further, the shielding plate 26 is disposed at a position corresponding to the removal plate opening 25b of the end wall 25 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. In this case, the shielding plate 26 is in a state in which the lower end portion 26a of the shielding plate 26 is in contact with the upper surface 6b of the removal plate 6 by its own weight, and follows the vertical fluctuation of the removal plate 6 in the vertical direction. The gap between the removal plate opening 25b and the removal plate 6 is sealed by moving in the direction.

  According to this configuration, the height of the removal plate opening 25b can be sufficiently secured. As a result, when the removal plate 6 reciprocates, even if the removal plate 6 fluctuates in the vertical direction, a situation where the removal plate 6 is buffered with the removal plate opening 25b is suppressed, and the removal plate 6 reciprocates smoothly. Can do. As a result, the operability for the user can be improved.

  In addition, while the flat plate-like removal plate 6 passes through the removal plate opening 25b, the shielding plate 26 follows the vertical movement of the removal plate 6 so that the removal plate opening can be opened regardless of the reciprocation of the removal plate 6. The gap between the portion 25b and the removal plate 6 is surely sealed, whereby the airtightness of the combustion chamber 2 is maintained. As a result, inflow of excess air into the combustion chamber 2 and outflow of combustion air or combustion gas from the combustion chamber 2 can be suppressed.

  Further, when the removal plate 6 is moved to the home position, the combustion ash on the upper surface 6 b of the removal plate 6 is blocked by the shielding plate 26, so that the combustion ash is taken out of the combustion chamber 2. There is no. Thereby, the situation that combustion ash is scattered outside the combustion chamber 2 can be suppressed.

  As mentioned above, although the wood pellet combustion apparatus concerning embodiment of this invention was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, It cannot be overemphasized that various deformation | transformation are possible within the scope of the invention. Absent.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wood pellet combustion apparatus 2 Combustion chamber 20 Combustion chamber main body 21 Leg part 22 Side plate 23 Fireproof wall 25 End wall 25a Pellet opening 25b Removal plate opening (opening)
26 Shield plate 27 Stepped screw 3 Combustion plate 4 Air flow path 5 Pellet supply part 6 Removal plate 7 Guide member 8 Handle

Claims (3)

A combustion chamber;
A combustion plate provided in the combustion chamber;
A removal plate that extrudes combustion ash present on the surface of the combustion plate and removes it from the combustion plate by reciprocating on the surface of the combustion plate so that the surfaces overlap each other,
A handle connected to the removal plate and reciprocating the removal plate by the operation of a user outside the combustion chamber;
A wood pellet combustion apparatus comprising:   The wood according to claim 1, further comprising a guide member that slidably mounts the removal plate, and sets a direction of the removal plate with respect to the combustion plate and a position of the removal plate with respect to the combustion plate. Pellet combustion device. The combustion chamber is
A cylindrical combustion chamber body;
The removal plate is provided on a vertical wall-like end wall that closes the combustion chamber main body so that the removal plate moves in and out on the surface of the combustion plate, and has an opening height larger than the thickness of the removal plate. An opening to comprise,
A shielding plate arranged to be slidable in the vertical direction at a position corresponding to the opening in the end wall;
The shielding plate is in a state in which the lower end portion of the shielding plate is in contact with the upper surface of the removal plate by its own weight, and moves in the vertical direction following the vertical variation of the removal plate. The wood pellet combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a gap between the opening and the removal plate is sealed.

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