JP2017132032A - Similar shape forming mechanism and application - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an opening/closing mechanism such as a camera diaphragm or a fastening mechanism such as an aperture variable spectacle camera, capable of setting opening and closing ports to optional polygonal shapes in the opening/closing mechanism capable of forming the opening and closing ports as similar shapes so as to be expanded/contracted, and smoothly expanding/contracting and completely closing the opening and closing ports, and a power mechanism such as an engine that generates a rotational force through application of pressure in the opening and closing ports.SOLUTION: In the opening/closing mechanism for expanding/contracting an opening through movement of each of slide bodies, the opening being formed by being enveloped by a slide surface in which slide bodies each having upper and lower surfaces and a plurality of side surfaces are included in a circle and the side surfaces of the slide bodies come into contact with each other, the similar shape forming mechanism is characterized in that for example, by enabling the opening of a spectacle wrench to be adjusted so as to be expanded/contacted by a mechanism capable of expanding/contracting openings to be opened/closed as similar shapes and optionally setting positions during full closing, bolts or nuts different in size are fastened/loosened by a single spectacle wrench.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

In the present invention, a polygonal opening is formed in a similar shape so that it can be expanded and contracted, so that it can be used for various purposes such as a variable aperture wrench, pump, shutter, cutter, engine, pump, etc. The present invention relates to a similarity formation mechanism that can be applied to a tool device.

For example, in the present situation, in a diaphragm mechanism used for a camera or the like, the shape of the blades or the like must be complicated, leading to an increase in manufacturing cost due to material, difficulty in assembly, etc., and there is a limit in performance.

Japanese Patent No. 41191461

The opening and closing mechanism can be set to a polygonal shape that can be easily formed into any size, and smooth and stable opening and closing and complete closing are possible. Furthermore, the opening and closing device, pressure generator, power device, etc. The purpose is to develop new business.

Each extension of each side of the polygon that is regular on the plane is provided with each extension line that is extended from one end point and a composite line that is a combination of each side, and each extension that is adjacent to each other end point of each side is provided. Each parallel line is provided in parallel to the line, and each intersection of the parallel line and each extension line is set as each vertex, and each figure having the extension line, the parallel line, and each vertex is formed in a circle shape, and each adjacent figure is extended. When each figure moves in a state where the line and the parallel line are in contact with each other, the polygon surrounded by each composite line always forms a similar shape, and an arbitrary point where each vertex converges in the expanding and reducing polygon. When a straight line or curve as an auxiliary line is connected from each vertex to the convergence point, each figure moves in parallel with each auxiliary line, and each vertex is proportional to the length of each auxiliary line. By moving, the polygons surrounded by each extension line are expanded and contracted as similar shapes. Is fully closed that similar forming mechanism by the arbitrary point.

There are a plurality of slide bodies that form a polyhedron, and each slide body is formed of an upper and lower surface and a plurality of side surfaces, and an expansion / contraction body assembled in a circle shape with one side surface of each slide body in contact with each other as a slide surface. The opening space that is formed and surrounded by the slide surface of each slide body has a polygonal column shape, direction guides that determine the moving direction of the slide body are provided on the upper and lower surfaces or side surfaces of each slide body, and A cam groove or a guide pin that is a movement amount guide that determines the movement amount of the slide body is provided on the lower surface or the upper and lower surfaces, and there is a fixed body that keeps the expansion / contraction body movable, and the movement direction of the slide body on the fixed body Guide guides are provided along the direction guides of the slide bodies, and there are rotating bodies in either the vertical direction or the vertical direction of the expansion / contraction body. The rotating body is attached to the fixed body. Hold and turn, rotate The guide pin or cam groove is provided on the slide body, and the guide pin is fitted into the cam groove of each slide body, or the guide pin of each slide body is fitted into the cam groove of the rotating body to By rotating the rotating body, the expansion / contraction body expands / contracts, the polygonal column-shaped opening space formed by each slide body of the expansion / contraction body is expanded / contracted, and the polygonal opening plane of the opening space can be changed to a free size as a similar shape. This is a similar formation mechanism, and conversely, a similar formation mechanism in which the rotating body rotates by sliding the slide bodies to expand / contract the expansion / contraction bodies.

  In Paragraph 0006, a through hole is provided in the center of either the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating body and the fixed body in the vertical direction of the slide body that is an expansion / contraction body, and the gear A is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body. The gear B, which is attached and held by the fixed body and rotatably provided, meshes with the gear A, and when the gear B is rotated, the rotating body rotates and the opening of the expansion / contraction body expands / contracts, and the slide surface of each slide body It is a similar formation mechanism that can be applied as an apparatus that holds and clamps an object with the expansion / contraction opening surface to be formed.

In Paragraph 0006, the slide body forms a flat plate, a through hole is provided in the center of the rotating body and the fixed body in the vertical direction of the expanding / contracting body, and the expanding / contracting body expands or contracts by rotating the rotating body. This is a similarity formation mechanism that can be applied as an opening / closing device for a diaphragm, door, lid, etc. of a camera by changing the polygonal opening surrounded by the slide side of the slide body to a similar size.

In Paragraph 0006, a suction / discharge opening / closing operation in which the polygonal column-shaped opening space formed by the sliding surfaces of the slide bodies that are in contact with each other is closed by a fixed body or a rotating body, and the fixed body communicates with the open space. A mechanism is provided, and a guide pin is provided on the slide body. When the guide pin is fitted in the distorted circular cam groove of the rotating body and the expansion / contraction body contracts, the expansion / contraction body expands by applying internal pressure to the opening space. When the guide pin of the slide body acts on the distorted circular cam groove, the rotating body rotates, the opening space is opened at the maximum expansion position of the slide body, the opening space is closed at the contraction minimum position, and the internal pressure is applied to the opening space again. Application as a power unit such as a motor that rotates continuously by expanding and contracting the expansion and contraction body, and an engine that continuously rotates by providing an intake and exhaust stroke, and conversely, the rotation body A similar formation mechanism can be applied as a pressure device such as a compressor or a vacuum pump for generating a high pressure and negative pressure in open space by turning.

The polygonal opening can be expanded and contracted as a similar shape and can be completely closed, and the expansion / contraction body freely forms an expansion / contraction opening space, the expansion / contraction opening space functions in an open state, and the expansion / contraction opening space There are those that repeatedly function as opening and closing, each of which is applied as a tool or device, and is considered as a great use.

Transition diagram of principle design form of similarity formation (i) to (f) Disassembled perspective view of example of similar formation mechanism Open / closed form perspective views of examples of similar formation mechanisms (A) to (C) Plan view and side sectional view of an example of variable opening wrench Open / close perspective view of examples of variable opening wrench (b) to (b) Main body fixing part perspective view of an example of a camera aperture mechanism Open / closed perspective view of an example of a camera aperture mechanism (A) to (B) An exploded perspective view of an example of an expansion / contraction engine mechanism Expansion / contraction state diagram of expansion / contraction engine (b) to (b)

The idea source of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 (a) shows an unequal side pentagon 50 made up of arbitrary sides 51 to 55, and FIG. 1 (b) shows that each extension line 51a to 55a is provided from one end of each side 51 to 55. (C) is provided in parallel to each extension line 51a to 55a from one side of each side 51 to 55 and each combined line 51n to 55n of each extension line 51a to 55a and the other end of each side 51 to 55. Each line figure 51f thru | or each surface which set each line figure which made each intersection which makes each one of each parallel line 51b thru | or 55b one side each vertex 51v thru | or 55v, and provided the surface in each said line figure as shown in FIG. A point 5P at which the vertices 51v to 55v converge is provided at an arbitrary position of the similar unequal side pentagon 50a surrounded by the respective sides 51n to 55n of 55f, and the auxiliary lines 51h to 55p from each vertex 51v to 55v. 55h is provided When the vertices 51v to 55v move proportionally along the auxiliary lines 51h to 55h and toward the point 5P with respect to the lengths of the auxiliary lines 51h to 55h, as shown in FIG. Is reduced as a reduced similarity unequal side pentagon 50b.
Further, when the vertices 51v to 55v are proportionally moved toward the point 5P, the vertices 51v to 55v are converged to the point 5P as shown in FIG.

(Explanation of the mechanism of the present invention)
2 and 3 are an exploded perspective view and an assembled cross-sectional perspective view of a similar formation mechanism that can change the shape of the nine-sided opening to an arbitrary size, and there is an expansion / contraction body 93 that forms an expansion / contraction opening that is a nine-sided opening space. There is a rotating body 92 acting on the expanding / contracting body 93 above the expanding / contracting body 93, and a fixed body 91 below the expanding / contracting body 93. The fixing body 91 allows the rotating body 92 and the expanding / contracting body 93 to be movable. keeping.

The expansion / contraction body 93 is composed of nine slide bodies 931 to 939, and each slide body 931 to 939 is provided with cam grooves 931a to 939a as movement amount guides and slide guides 931b to 939b as direction guides. The expansion / contraction driving guide pins 911 to 919 provided on the rotating body 91 are fitted in the cam grooves 931a to 939a, and the slide guides 931b to 939b are provided as guide guides 921 on the bottom of the fixed body 92. The slidable body 931 to 939 is slid and moved by the rotation of the rotating body 91 with respect to the fixed body 92, and the nine-sided expansion / contraction opening 931 surrounded by the slide surfaces 931c to 939c of the slide bodies 931 to 939. The opening plane of is enlarged or reduced as a similar shape.
The fixed body 92 is provided with a fixed body opening 92A, and the rotating body 91 is provided with a rotating body opening 91A.

  3 shows a state in which the expansion / contraction opening 93A of FIG. 2 is reduced by rotating the rotary body 91 with respect to the fixed body 92, and the expansion / contraction opening is 93B. When the rotation body is further rotated in the same direction, the expansion / contraction opening is completely closed. .

Next, as examples of use, Example 1; Variable aperture wrench, Example 2; Camera iris, Example 3;

4 and 5 are a front view and a side view of the variable opening wrench. When tightening or loosening bolt heads or nuts of different sizes, the adjustment opening W3 is rotated to expand or contract the opening. This is a variable opening wrench that can be adjusted to fit the bolt head size or nut size.

5 (a) shows the maximum state of the bolt head or nut size that the expansion / contraction opening W6A can hold, and the expansion / contraction opening W6B of FIG. 5 (b) shows the minimum state of the size of the bolt head or nut that can be received. Yes.

There is an expanding / contracting body W6 composed of six slide bodies W61 to W66, a fixed body W2 is provided below the expanding / contracting body W6, a rotating body W1 is provided above the expanding / contracting body W6, and the rotating body W1 and the fixed body W2 rotate with each other. There is a fixed body opening W2A at the center of the fixed body W2 that is rotatably held by the moving holding portion W5, and a rotary body opening W1A at the center of the rotary body W1.
The guide grooves W61b to 66b provided in the lower part of each slide body W61 to W66 and the slide guides W21 to W26 provided in the fixed body W2 are fitted, and the cam grooves W61a to 66a provided in the upper part of each slide body W61 to W66 and the rotating body. A guide pin W11 to W16 provided on W1 is fitted, and an adjusting screw W3 rotatably held on the fixed body W2 and a gear W1a attached to the rotary body W1 are engaged with each other, and a grip which is an extension of the fixed body W2 By rotating the adjusting screw W3 while holding W7, the rotating body W1 rotates and the expansion / contraction opening W6A created at the center of the expansion / contraction body W6 which is the slide bodies W61 to W66 expands / contracts.

6 and 7 are perspective views of the diaphragm mechanism in a state where it is incorporated in the camera. FIG. 7 (a) shows the maximum aperture state of the diaphragm aperture S9A, and FIG. The diaphragm opening of FIG.

The shape and structure are very similar to those of FIGS. 2 and 3, and the diaphragm blades S91 to S99 are composed of nine slide bodies. FIG. 6 shows a fixed body opening S2A and guide grooves S21 to S29 in the camera body. Further, a rotating body is rotatably held by the fixed body provided.
In FIG. 7, the rotary body is provided with a diaphragm adjusting portion S1, and guide pins S11 to S19 are provided.
The diaphragm blades S91 to S99, which are each slide body, are thin plate-type expansion / contraction bodies, and each diaphragm blade is provided with a slide guide, and is slidably fitted into guide grooves S21 to S29 provided on the fixed body. The guide pins S11 to S19 of the rotating body are fitted in the cam grooves S91a to S99a provided in the blades S91 to S99, and the diaphragm opening S9A, which is an expansion / contraction opening formed by each of the diaphragm blades S91 to S99, is adjusted by turning the diaphragm adjusting unit S1.
Further, by increasing the number of aperture blades, the aperture opening becomes closer to a circle, and the performance as the aperture function can be further enhanced.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the expansion / contraction engine, which forms a four-stroke engine. In the embodiment, the expansion / contraction engine mechanism having the same function is back-to-back with the central partition portion of the housing having the bottom of the housing in the housing E31 as a casing. The rotational power of both expansion / contraction engine mechanisms is coupled to one power shaft E81.

FIG. 9 is a plane operation state diagram inside the expansion / contraction engine. FIG. 9A shows the maximum expansion state of the slide bodies E11 to E14, and the guide pins E11a to E14a are at the maximum diameter position of the distorted circular cam groove E21a. FIG. 9 (b) shows the contraction state of the slide bodies E11 to E14 being the minimum, and the guide pins E11a to E14a are at the minimum diameter position of the distorted circular cam groove E21a.
By repeatedly expanding and contracting the slide bodies E11 to E14, the guide pins E11a to E14a continuously act on the distorted circular cam groove E21a of the rotating body.

The slide guides E11b to E14b of the slide bodies E11 to E14, which are expansion / contraction bodies, are slidably fitted in the slide grooves E32a to E32d of the housing bottom E35, and the disk-shaped rotary body E21 is incorporated into the housing cover EA1 of the housing E31. The pins E11a to E14a of the slide bodies E11 to E14 are fitted into the distorted circular cam grooves E21a, which are the distorted circular cam grooves provided in the rotating body E21. Is formed as a combustion chamber E51 closed by the housing bottom E35 and the head plane EB11.

The housing E31 is provided with a valve hole EB2a and a valve hole EB2b having an intake / exhaust opening / closing mechanism that leads to the combustion chamber E51. When the expansion / contraction body contracts, the combustion mixed gas sucked into the combustion chamber E51 is compressed and the expansion / contraction body contracts. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), when the minimum is reached, ignition is performed by the spark plug E71 attached to the plug mounting hole EB4 of the head portion EB1, the mixed gas is combusted, and the expansion / contraction body expands to expand each slide body E11 to E11. When the guide pins E11a to E14a of E14 act on the distorted circular cam groove E21a of the rotating body, the rotating body E21 continues to rotate by inertia, and when the expansion of the expanding / contracting body reaches the maximum as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the valve hole EB2b And the cam groove E21a acts on each of the pins E11a to E14a and the expansion / contraction body contracts, the combustion gas in the combustion chamber E51 is discharged, and the expansion / contraction body contracts to the minimum. Then, the valve hole EB2b is closed, the valve hole EB2a is opened, the expansion / contraction body expands, the mixed gas is sucked into the combustion chamber E51, the expansion of the expansion / contraction body is closed at the maximum position, the valve hole EB2a is closed, and the expansion / contraction body contracts again. A power shaft that is compressed and is repeatedly ignited and burned by a spark plug E71, and in which the rotating body E21 continuously rotates by repeating suction, compression, combustion, and exhaust. E81 is provided, and the power gear E82 fixed to the power shaft E81 and the drive gear E21b of the rotating body E21 mesh with each other, and the power shaft E81 becomes an output.

Description of intake / exhaust opening / closing mechanism: There are passive gears EC1a and EC2a meshing with a cam drive gear E21c provided on the rotating body, and transmission gears EC1b and EC2b are provided on the rotation shafts of the passive gears C1a and EC2a, and the transmission gears EC1b and EC2b are provided. Cams ED1b and ED2b are provided on the rotating shafts of the meshing cam gears ED1a and ED2a, and the cams ED1b and ED2b are operated by the intake and exhaust valves EH1 and EH2 through the tappet portions EF1 and EF2, respectively. This is performed at the timing of exhaust, and opens and closes the respective valve holes EB2a and EB2b of the head portion EB1.
The intake / exhaust air is exhausted and exhausted from the valve holes EB2a, EB2b through the intake / exhaust holes EA2a, EA2b through the intake / exhaust ports EG2a, EG2b provided in the head cover EG1.

  Explanation of the role of the dummy part; the compression ratio in the combustion chamber, which is an open space formed by the expansion / contraction body, changes depending on the volume of the dummy part provided at the bottom of the housing, and the compression ratio changes due to the change in the distance protruding from the housing bottom plane. Therefore, ideal engine performance can be obtained by controlling the protruding distance of the dummy portion according to the engine speed.

50 unequal sides pentagon 50a similarity unequal sides pentagon 50b reduced similarity unequal sides pentagon 51 to 55 unequal sides pentagon side 51a to 55a each side extension line 51b to 55b parallel line 51n to 55n each side And composite lines 51v to 55v of the extension lines and vertices 51f to 55f formed by the respective composite lines and parallel lines. Each of the surface graphics 51h to 55h is an auxiliary line 5P from the vertex to an arbitrary point where the vertex converges. Rotating body 911 to 919 Guide pin 91A Rotating body opening 91B Rotation direction 92 Fixed body 921 to 929 Guide groove 92A Fixed body opening 93 Expansion body 931 to 939 Slide body 931a to 939a Cam groove 931b to 939b Slide guide 931c to 939c Slide surface 93A Expansion / reduction opening W1 rotator W11 to W16 guide pin W1a gear W1A rotator opening W2 fixed Body W21 to W26 Slide guide W2A Fixed body opening W3 Adjusting screw W5 Rotation holding part W6 Expanding / contracting body W61 to W66 Slide body W61a to W66a Cam groove W61b to W66b Guide groove W61c to W66c Slide surface W6A and W6B Expansion / contraction opening W7 Grip S1 Restriction adjustment Parts S11 to S19 Guide pin S2 fixed body S21 to S29 Guide groove S2A fixed body opening S91 to S99 Diaphragm blades S91a to S99a Cam groove S9A Expansion / reduction opening E11 to E14 Slide body E11a to E14a Guide pin E11b to E14b Slide guide E21 Rotating body E21a Cam groove E21b drive gear E21c cam drive gear E31 housing E32a to E32d slide groove E33 dummy part E35 housing bottom E51 and E52 combustion chamber E71 spark plug E81 Power shaft E82 power gear EA1 housing cover EA2a and EA2b intake / exhaust port EB1 head part EB2a and EB2b valve hole EB3a and EB3b intake / exhaust valve hole EB4 plug mounting hole EC1a and EC2a passive gear EC1b and EC2b shift gear ED1a and ED2a cam gear ED Cam EE1 to EE4 bearings EF1 and EF2 tappet parts EG1 head cover EG2a and EG2b intake and exhaust ports EH1 and EH2 intake and exhaust valves

Claims (5)

Each extension of each side of the polygon that is regular on the plane is provided with each extension line that is extended from one end point and a composite line that is a combination of each side, and each extension that is adjacent to each other end point of each side is provided. Each parallel line is provided in parallel to the line, and each intersection of the parallel line and each extension line is set as each vertex, and each figure having the extension line, the parallel line, and each vertex is formed in a circle shape, and each adjacent figure is extended. When each figure moves in a state where the line and the parallel line are in contact with each other, the polygon surrounded by each composite line always forms a similar shape, and an arbitrary point where each vertex converges in the expanding and reducing polygon. When a straight line or curve as an auxiliary line is connected from each vertex to the convergence point, each figure moves in parallel with each auxiliary line, and each vertex is proportional to the length of each auxiliary line. By moving, the polygons surrounded by each extension line are expanded and contracted as similar shapes. Is a similar formation mechanism, wherein the fully closed at the arbitrary point. There are a plurality of slide bodies that form a polyhedron, and each slide body is formed of an upper and lower surface and a plurality of side surfaces, and an expansion / contraction body assembled in a circle shape with one side surface of each slide body in contact with each other as a slide surface. The opening space that is formed and surrounded by the slide surface of each slide body has a polygonal column shape, direction guides that determine the moving direction of the slide body are provided on the upper and lower surfaces or side surfaces of each slide body, and A cam groove or a guide pin that is a movement amount guide that determines the movement amount of the slide body is provided on the lower surface or the upper and lower surfaces, and there is a fixed body that keeps the expansion / contraction body movable, and the movement direction of the slide body on the fixed body Guide guides are provided along the direction guides of the slide bodies, and there are rotating bodies in either the vertical direction or the vertical direction of the expansion / contraction body. The rotating body is attached to the fixed body. Hold and turn, rotate The guide pin or cam groove is provided on the slide body, and the guide pin is fitted into the cam groove of each slide body, or the guide pin of each slide body is fitted into the cam groove of the rotating body to By rotating the rotating body, the expansion / contraction body expands / contracts, the polygonal column-shaped opening space formed by each slide body of the expansion / contraction body is expanded / contracted, and the polygonal opening plane of the opening space can be varied to a similar size. On the contrary, a similar formation mechanism is characterized in that the rotating body rotates by sliding the slide bodies to expand and contract the slide bodies. In Claim 2, the through-hole is provided in the center of either the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating body and the fixed body, or the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating body and the fixed body, and the gear A is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body. The gear B, which is held by the fixed body and rotatably provided, meshes with the gear A, and when the gear B is rotated, the rotating body rotates and the opening of the expansion / contraction body expands / contracts, and the slide surface of each slide body It is a similar formation mechanism characterized in that it can be applied as a device that holds and clamps an object with an expansion / contraction opening surface formed by the above. 3. The slide body according to claim 2, wherein the slide body is a flat plate, a through hole is provided in the center of the rotating body and the fixed body in the vertical direction of the expanding / contracting body, and the expanding / contracting body expands or contracts by turning the rotating body. The similarity forming mechanism is characterized in that it can be applied as an opening / closing device for a diaphragm, a door, a lid, etc. of a camera by changing a polygonal opening surrounded by the slide side of each slide body to a similar size. 3. The suction / discharge according to claim 2, wherein a polygonal column-shaped opening space formed by slide surfaces of the slide bodies which are expansion / contraction bodies contacts each other is a space closed by a fixed body or a rotating body. An open / close mechanism is provided, a guide pin is provided on the slide body, the guide pin is fitted in the distorted circular cam groove of the rotating body, and the expansion / contraction body expands by applying internal pressure to the opening space in a state where the expansion / contraction body contracts. The guide pin of the slide body acts on the distorted circular cam groove, the rotating body rotates, the opening space is opened at the maximum expansion position of the slide body, the opening space is closed at the contraction minimum position, and the internal pressure is applied to the opening space again. Thus, the expansion / contraction body repeats expansion and contraction so that it can be applied as a motor that continuously rotates the rotating body, or as a power device such as an engine that rotates continuously by providing an intake / exhaust stroke, or conversely, the rotating body can be rotated. A similar forming mechanism, characterized in that applicable as a pressure device such as a compressor or a vacuum pump for generating a high pressure and negative pressure in open space by.

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