JP2017129026A - Turbine, control method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a turbine capable of smoothly switching to a backup control device from a control device in which a malfunction has occurred.SOLUTION: In a first controller of a turbine, a first lift command generation part generates a first lift command for specifying a valve opening based on a governor command indicating the valve opening of a flow control valve for regulating the turbine revolving speed. A first lift command holding part holds the first lift command generated by the first lift command generation part at the start of switching from a first controller unit to a second controller unit. A first output part transmits the first lift command during a period from the start of the switching to start of the second controller unit. In the second controller, a starting part starts the second controller unit at the start of the switching. A second lift command generation part creates a second lift command for specifying a valve opening such that the amount of change is equal to a prescribed value or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a turbine, a control method, and a program.

In general, when a turbine is started to operate, the operation often continues for a long period of time, and countermeasures against malfunctions are important.
Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe a technique including a spare control device that controls the turbine as a related technique.

JP-A-53-51308 JP 2013-72349 A

By the way, in the technique of patent document 1, the detailed method which switches from the control apparatus currently used normally at the turbine to a backup control apparatus is not shown. Moreover, the technique of patent document 2 prepares the initial value of the integral calculation with respect to the preliminary | backup control apparatus in a turbine.
Generally, in a turbine, when switching from a control device that is normally used to a spare control device, it is desirable that the time from the start of the spare control device to the start of operation becomes short. When it takes time to activate the spare control device, the difference between the target value indicated by the target command for controlling the actuator and the actual value output as a result of the actuator becomes large. Therefore, in a turbine, if the connection between the control device used in normal time and the spare control device is simply switched, the actuator operation after the switching of the control device is caused by the large difference between the target value and the actual measurement value. The operation will be very different. The actuator may be damaged due to a difference in the operation of the actuator before and after the switching of the control device.
Therefore, there has been a demand for a technique that can more smoothly (bumplessly) switch from a control device that is normally used in a turbine to a spare control device.

  Then, this invention aims at providing the turbine, control method, and program which can solve said subject.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the turbine is a turbine including a first controller and a second controller, and the first controller controls a valve opening degree of a flow rate adjusting valve that adjusts the rotational speed of the turbine. A first lift command generation unit that generates a first lift command that indicates the valve opening degree based on a governor command that is indicated; and at the start of switching from the first controller unit to the second controller unit, the first lift command generation A first lift command holding unit that holds the first lift command generated by the unit, and a first lift command held by the first lift command holding unit from the start of switching to the start of the second controller unit. A first output unit for transmitting the first controller, and the second controller activates the second controller unit at the start of the switching. , And a second lift command generating unit amount of change in the valve opening to generate a second lift command for instructing the valve opening degree such that below a predetermined change amount.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the turbine according to the first aspect, the second controller includes a valve opening degree indicated by a constant bias, a valve opening degree indicated by a previous second lift command, and the previous time point. A second lift command indicating a valve opening obtained by adding a difference between the valve opening indicated by the current governor command and the valve opening indicated by the current governor command may be generated.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the turbine according to the first aspect, the second controller includes a difference between the indicated rotational speed of the turbine body and the actual rotational speed of the turbine body, and a change rate corresponding to the difference. A second lift command for setting the amount of change may be generated based on a function indicating the relationship between

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the turbine according to the first aspect, the second controller is configured such that the actual rotational speed of the turbine body is set based on the actual rotational speed of the turbine body immediately before the start of the switching. Until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command falls within a predetermined range. A second lift command for setting the amount of change may be generated based on a difference between the actual rotational speed of the turbine body.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the switching is started and the second controller unit is operable, the turbine according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is A first controller unit stop instruction unit for stopping transmission of a control signal from the controller unit to the actuator; and when the switching is started and the second controller unit is operable, the valve opening indicated by the governor command and the first A second controller unit control instruction unit that causes the second controller unit to control the actuator until the difference from the valve opening indicated by the two lift command falls within a predetermined valve opening range. .

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the turbine control method includes a first lift command for instructing the valve opening based on a governor command indicating the valve opening of the flow rate adjusting valve that adjusts the rotational speed of the turbine. Generating the first lift command, holding the first lift command at the start of switching from the first controller unit to the second controller unit, and the first lift from the start of switching to the start of the second controller unit. Generating a second lift command for instructing the valve opening so that the amount of change in the valve opening is less than or equal to a predetermined amount of change; Including.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the program is a first lift command for instructing the valve opening degree based on a governor instruction indicating a valve opening degree of a flow rate adjusting valve for adjusting the rotational speed of the turbine. Generating the first lift command, holding the first lift command at the start of switching from the first controller unit to the second controller unit, and the first lift from the start of switching to the start of the second controller unit. Generating a second lift command for instructing the valve opening so that the amount of change in the valve opening is less than or equal to a predetermined amount of change; To perform.

  According to the turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to more smoothly switch from a control device in which a problem has occurred to a spare control device.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the steam turbine by 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the processing flow of the steam turbine by this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the production | generation of the 2nd lift command in the steam turbine by this embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the production | generation of the lift command in the steam turbine by this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the production | generation of the 2nd lift command in the steam turbine by this embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the production | generation of the lift command in the steam turbine by 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the steam turbine by 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the steam turbine by 4th embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the function in this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the processing flow of the steam turbine by this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the production | generation of the 2nd lift command in the steam turbine by this embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the production | generation of the lift command in the steam turbine by this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the processing flow of the steam turbine by this embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the production | generation of the lift command in the steam turbine by 4th embodiment of this invention.

<First embodiment>
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
First, the configuration of the steam turbine 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the steam turbine 1 according to the present embodiment includes an electronic governor 10, a first controller unit 20a, a second controller unit 20b, a first actuator 30a, a second actuator 30b, and a controller unit switching. Unit 40 (first controller unit stop instructing unit, second controller unit control instructing unit), steam flow rate adjusting valve 50, steam turbine body 60, and rotation speed measuring instrument 70.
The steam turbine body 60 rotates according to the flow rate of steam from a steam flow rate adjustment valve 50 that opens and closes according to a valve opening degree described later.

The electronic governor 10 generates a governor command sg based on the input signal SV and the input signal PV. The input signal SV is a signal for instructing the electronic governor the instruction rotation speed Ns that is the target rotation speed of the steam turbine main body 60 to be controlled. The input signal SV is input from an operation panel (not shown). The input signal PV is a signal indicating an actual rotational speed N that is an actual rotational speed of the steam turbine body 60 that is a control target. The governor command sg is a signal for controlling the number of revolutions of the steam turbine body 60 that is a control target. The governor command sg is a signal indicating the valve opening degree of the steam flow control valve 50 (hereinafter referred to as “valve opening degree”). The valve opening degree indicates the degree of opening and closing of the valve. The governor command sg is a signal generated based on the difference err between the indicated rotational speed Ns of the steam turbine body 60 and the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60, and indicates the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60. Information that approaches several Ns is included.
The electronic governor 10 transmits a governor command sg to each of the first controller unit 20a, the second controller unit 20b, and the controller unit switching unit 40.

The first controller unit 20a is a controller unit that is used in preference to the second controller unit 20b.
The second controller unit 20b is a spare controller unit for the first controller unit 20a.
When the first controller unit 20a itself is operating normally, the first controller unit 20a controls at least one of the first actuator 30a and the second actuator 30b to be controlled. Further, the first controller unit 20a has at least one of the first actuator 30a and the second actuator 30b to be controlled until the second controller unit 20b becomes operable when a failure occurs in the first controller 201a. Control one.
When a failure occurs in the first controller unit 20a, the second controller unit 20b controls at least one of the first actuator 30a and the second actuator 30b to be controlled instead of the first controller unit 20a.

The first controller unit 20a includes a first controller 201a (a first lift command generation unit, a first lift command holding unit, a first output unit), and a first servo drive 202a.
The first controller 201 a receives a governor command sg from the electronic governor 10.
When the first controller 201a receives the governor command sg, the first controller 201a generates the first lift command sl1 based on the governor command sg. The first lift command sl1 is a signal that is transmitted to the first servo drive 202a in order to control at least one of the first actuator 30a and the second actuator 30b that are controlled. The first lift command sl1 is a signal indicating the valve opening.
The first controller 201a has a function of determining the occurrence of a malfunction of the first controller 201a itself.
When the first controller 201a determines that the first controller 201a is operating normally, the first controller 201a generates a first lift command sl1 indicating a valve opening that is equal to the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg. . The first controller 201a transmits the generated first lift command sl1 to the first servo drive 202a.
If the first controller 201a determines that a failure has occurred in the first controller 201a itself, the first controller 201a holds the first lift command sl1 transmitted to the first servo drive 202a immediately before the failure occurs. The first controller 201a transmits the held first lift command sl1 to the first servo drive 202a until the second controller unit 20b becomes operable. The first controller unit 20a transmits a switching instruction signal se1 to the controller unit switching unit 40. The switching instruction signal se1 is a signal instructing switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b.

The first servo drive 202a receives the first lift command sl1 from the first controller 201a.
When receiving the first lift command sl1, the first servo drive 202a generates the first actuator control signal sfa1 based on the first lift command sl1. The first actuator control signal sfa1 is a signal obtained by amplifying the first lift command sl1 to an amplitude capable of controlling at least one of the first actuator 30a and the second actuator 30b that are controlled objects.
The first servo drive 202a transmits a first actuator control signal sfa1 to at least one of the first actuator 30a and the second actuator 30b that are controlled objects.

The controller unit switching unit 40 performs control to switch the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b when a failure occurs in the first controller 201a. Specifically, the controller unit switching unit 40 receives the switching instruction signal se1 from the first controller unit 20a. Upon receiving the switching instruction signal se1, the controller unit switching unit 40 transmits a switching notification signal se2 to the second controller unit 20b. The switching notification signal se2 is a signal for instructing that the second controller unit 20b is activated from the standby state and becomes operable.
Further, the controller unit switching unit 40 receives a governor command sg from the electronic governor 10.
Moreover, the controller unit switching part 40 will transmit the operation stop signal stp to the 1st controller unit 20a, if the starting completion signal ss is received from the 2nd controller unit 20b. The activation completion signal ss is a signal for informing that the second controller unit 20b is in an operable state. The operation stop signal stp is a signal that causes the transmission destination functional unit to stop signal transmission.

The second controller unit 20b includes a second controller 201b (starting unit, second lift command generating unit) and a second servo drive 202b.
The second controller unit 20b receives the switching notification signal se2 from the controller unit switching unit 40.
When the second controller unit 20b receives the switching notification signal se2, the second controller unit 20b is activated from the standby state and becomes operable.
When the second controller unit 20b becomes operable, the second controller unit 20b transmits an activation completion signal ss to the controller unit switching unit 40.

The second controller 201 b receives the governor command sg from the electronic governor 10.
The second controller 201b generates the second lift command sl2 based on a predetermined constant rate. The second lift command sl2 is a signal that is transmitted to the second servo drive 202b in order to control at least one of the first actuator 30a and the second actuator 30b that are controlled. The second lift command sl2 is a signal indicating the valve opening.
The second controller 201b transmits a second lift command sl2 to the second servo drive 202b.

The second servo drive 202b receives the second lift command sl2 from the second controller 201b. Upon receiving the second lift command sl2, the second servo drive 202b generates a second actuator control signal sfa2 based on the second lift command sl2. The second actuator control signal sfa2 is a signal obtained by amplifying the second lift command sl2 to an amplitude that can control at least one of the first actuator 30a and the second actuator 30b that are controlled objects.
The second servo drive 202b transmits a second actuator control signal sfa2 to at least one of the first actuator 30a and the second actuator 30b that are to be controlled.

The first actuator 30a is an actuator used in preference to the second actuator 30b.
The first actuator 30a receives the first actuator control signal sfa1 from the first servo drive 202a or the second actuator control signal sfa2 from the second servo drive 202b.
The first actuator 30a operates according to the first actuator control signal sfa1 or the second actuator control signal sfa2 received at that time.

The second actuator 30b is a spare actuator for the first actuator 30a. The second actuator 30b is used instead of the first actuator 30a when a failure occurs in the first actuator 30a.
The second actuator 30b receives the first actuator control signal sfa1 from the first servo drive 202a or the second actuator control signal sfa2 from the second servo drive 202b.
The second actuator 30b operates according to the first actuator control signal sfa1 or the second actuator control signal sfa2 received at that time.

  The steam flow rate adjusting valve 50 opens and closes at a degree of opening and closing according to the operation of the first actuator 30a or the operation of the second actuator 30b. The steam flow rate adjusting valve 50 adjusts the flow rate of steam supplied to the steam turbine body 60 according to the degree of opening and closing.

  The steam turbine body 60 rotates according to the flow rate of steam.

  The rotational speed measuring device 70 measures the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60. The rotation speed measuring device 70 transmits the input signal PV to the electronic governor 10. The input signal PV includes information indicating the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine main body 60 measured by the rotational speed measuring device 70.

Next, the process which the steam turbine 1 by this embodiment performs is demonstrated.
Here, the processing flow of the steam turbine 1 shown in FIG. 2 will be described. The processing flow of the steam turbine 1 shown in FIG. 2 is a processing flow when a failure occurs in the first controller 201a. Note that the process of the steam turbine 1 will be described on the assumption that the first actuator 30a is operating normally at the start of the process of the steam turbine 1 and the second actuator 30b, which is a spare actuator, is in a standby state.

The first controller 201a has a function of determining the occurrence of a malfunction of the first controller 201a itself. The first controller 201a determines whether a failure has occurred in the first controller 201a itself during operation.
When the first controller 201a determines that the first controller 201a is operating normally, the first controller 201a generates a first lift command sl1 indicating a valve opening that is equal to the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg. . The first controller 201a transmits the generated first lift command sl1 to the first servo drive 202a. Then, the first controller 201a determines again whether or not a failure has occurred in the first controller 201a itself.
If the first controller 201a determines that a failure has occurred in the first controller 201a itself, the first controller 201a holds the first lift command sl1 transmitted to the first servo drive 202a immediately before the failure occurs. The first controller 201a transmits the held first lift command sl1 to the first servo drive 202a. The first controller unit 20a transmits a switching instruction signal se1 to the controller unit switching unit 40.

When the steam turbine 1 is started, the controller unit switching unit 40 determines whether or not the switching instruction signal se1 is received from the first controller unit 20a at predetermined time intervals (for example, every 100 ms) (step). S1).
When the controller unit switching unit 40 determines that the switching instruction signal se1 is not received from the first controller unit 20a (NO in step S1), the controller unit switching unit 40 returns to the process of step S1.
Further, when it is determined that the switch instruction signal se1 is received from the first controller unit 20a (YES in step S1), the controller unit switching unit 40 starts control for switching the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b. (Step S2).
Specifically, when receiving the switching instruction signal se1 from the first controller unit 20a, the controller unit switching unit 40 transmits a switching notification signal se2 to the second controller unit 20b (step S3).

  The second controller unit 20b receives the switching notification signal se2 from the controller unit switching unit 40. When the second controller unit 20b receives the switching notification signal se2, the second controller unit 20b starts control from the standby state and becomes operable.

  When the activation is completed and the second controller unit 20b becomes operable, the second controller unit 20b transmits an activation completion signal ss to the controller unit switching unit 40.

Whether or not the second controller unit 20b is in an operable state based on whether or not the controller unit switching unit 40 has received the activation completion signal ss from the second controller unit 20b after performing the process of step S3. Is always determined (step S4).
Specifically, the controller unit switching unit 40 determines that the second controller unit 20b is not in an operable state when the activation completion signal ss is not received from the second controller unit 20b. Further, the controller unit switching unit 40 determines that the second controller unit 20b is operable when it receives the activation completion signal ss from the second controller unit 20b.

  If the controller unit switching unit 40 determines that the second controller unit 20b is not in an operable state (NO in step S4), the first controller 201a transmits the held first lift command sl1 to the first servo drive 202a. The process of step S4 is performed.

  In addition, when it is determined that the second controller unit 20b is in an operable state (YES in step S4), the controller unit switching unit 40 transmits an operation stop signal stp to the first controller unit 20a (step S5).

The first controller unit 20a receives the operation stop signal stp from the controller unit switching unit 40. When the first controller unit 20a receives the operation stop signal stp, the first controller 201a stops transmitting the first lift command sl1 to the first servo drive 202a.
Further, when the first controller unit 20a receives the operation stop signal stp, the first servo drive 202a stops transmitting the first actuator control signal sfa1 to the first actuator 30a.
At this time, the first controller 201a may be operating as long as it does not adversely affect other functional units. Further, the first controller 201a may be shut down.
At this time, the first servo drive 202a may operate without transmitting the first actuator control signal sfa1 to the first actuator 30a as long as it does not adversely affect other functional units. Further, the first servo drive 202a may be shut down.

The second controller 201b receives the governor command sg from the electronic governor 10 when the second controller unit 20b becomes operable.
When the second controller 201b receives the governor command sg, the second controller 201b generates the second lift command sl2 based on the governor command sg.
Specifically, the second controller 201b determines that the difference between the previous second lift command sl2 and the current second lift command sl2 is smaller than a specified value, and the valve opening and governor indicated by the second lift command sl2 A second lift command sl2 that approaches the valve opening indicated by the command sg is generated (step S6).
As a specific example, generation of the lift command sl2 will be described with reference to a diagram showing an outline of generation of the lift command sl2 in the steam turbine 1 shown in FIG. The figure which shows the outline | summary of the production | generation of the lift instruction | command sl2 in the steam turbine 1 shown in FIG. 3 typically represents the 2nd controller 201b after the 2nd controller unit 20b will be in the state which can operate | move. The second controller 201b illustrated in FIG. 3 includes a switch SW1 and a second lift command generation unit 501. When the second controller unit 20b becomes operable, the switch SW1 is on the “a1” side. Further, after the second controller unit 20b is in an operable state, the second lift command generator 501 has a valve opening indicated by the previous second lift command sl2 and a valve opening indicated by the current governor command sg. The second lift command sl2 is generated based on a predetermined constant rate whose change amount is smaller than the change amount Δ2 indicated by the difference between them. The second lift command sl2 is a command whose change amount is smaller than the change amount Δ2, and the valve opening degree indicated by the second lift command sl2 is close to the valve opening degree indicated by the governor command sg.

The second controller unit 20b is in a state in which the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range after the second controller unit 20b becomes operable. The 2-lift command sl2 is a signal that suppresses a change in the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60. For example, after the second controller unit 20b becomes operable, the first time until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 falls within a predetermined range. The 2-lift command sl2 reduces the valve opening when the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 is increased compared to the indicated rotational speed Ns when the second controller unit 20b is operable. It is a directive. Further, the second controller unit 20b is in an operable state until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range. The 2-lift command sl2 increases the valve opening when the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 is reduced compared to the indicated rotational speed Ns when the second controller unit 20b becomes operable. It is a directive.
When the difference between the valve opening degree indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening degree indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range, the switch SW1 is on the “b1” side.
By doing so, the second controller 201b allows the valve indicated by the governor command sg until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range. The opening and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 can be brought close to each other so that the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 do not change suddenly.
The second controller 201b transmits the second lift command sl2 to the second servo drive 202b (step S7).

  Whether the difference between the valve opening degree indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening degree indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range each time the second controller 201b generates the second lift command sl2. It is determined whether or not (step S8).

  If the second controller 201b determines that the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range (YES in step S8), the electronic governor 10 Based on the governor command sg received from, control is returned to normal.

  Further, when the second controller 201b determines that the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is outside the predetermined range (NO in step S8), step Return to the process of S6.

  When a failure occurs in the first actuator 30a, the second actuator 30b opens and closes the steam flow rate adjustment valve 50 in place of the first actuator 30a.

  As a specific example of generating the second lift command sl2, generation of the second lift command sl2 by the second controller 201b when a failure occurs in the first controller 201a will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, a lift command sl indicates a first lift command sl1 between time t1 and time t2. In FIG. 4, the lift command sl indicates a second lift command sl2 between time t2 and time t3. In this example, it is assumed that a failure has occurred in the first controller 201a at time t1 shown in FIG. The first controller 201a determines that a failure has occurred in the first controller 201a itself. When the first controller 201a determines that a problem has occurred in the first controller 201a itself, the first controller unit 20a transmits a switching instruction signal se1 to the controller unit switching unit 40. The controller unit switching unit 40 receives the switching instruction signal se1 from the first controller unit 20a. Upon receiving the switching instruction signal se1, the controller unit switching unit 40 transmits a switching notification signal se2 to the second controller unit 20b. The second controller unit 20b receives the switching notification signal se2 from the controller unit switching unit 40. When the second controller unit 20b receives the switching notification signal se, the second controller unit 20b starts to start from the standby state. The second controller unit 20b is fully activated and ready to operate at time t2 shown in FIG. The second controller 201b receives the governor command sg from the electronic governor 10 when the second controller unit 20b becomes operable. The second controller 201b waits until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range (between time t2 and time t3 shown in FIG. 4). ), The second lift command sl2 is generated based on a predetermined constant rate. The second lift command sl2 is such that the difference between the previous second lift command sl2 and the current second lift command sl2 is smaller than a specified value, and the valve opening and the governor command sg indicated by the second lift command sl2 are This is a command to bring the indicated valve opening closer.

The second controller unit 20b is in a state in which the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range after the second controller unit 20b becomes operable. The 2-lift command sl2 is a signal that suppresses a change (for example, a change amount, a change rate, etc.) of the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60. For example, after the second controller unit 20b becomes operable, the first time until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 falls within a predetermined range. The 2-lift command sl2 is a command to decrease the valve opening when the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 is increased when the second controller unit 20b is operable. Further, the second controller unit 20b is in an operable state until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range. The 2-lift command sl2 is a command to increase the valve opening when the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 is reduced when the second controller unit 20b is operable. By doing so, the second controller 201b allows the valve indicated by the governor command sg until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range. The opening degree and the valve opening degree indicated by the second lift command sl2 can be brought close to each other.
After the time t3 when the difference between the valve opening degree indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening degree indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range, the second controller 201b has the valve opening degree indicated by the governor command sg. A second lift command sl2 indicating a valve opening of the same magnitude is generated.

The processing flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has been described above. The steam turbine 1 (turbine) includes a first controller 201a and a second controller 201b. The first controller 201a (first lift command generation unit) instructs the valve opening based on a governor command indicating the valve opening of the steam flow control valve 50 (flow control valve) that adjusts the rotation speed of the steam turbine 1. The first lift command sl1 is generated. The first controller 201a (first lift command holding unit) generates a first lift command generated by the first controller 201a (first lift command generation unit) at the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b. Holds sl1. The first controller 201a (first output unit) holds the first controller 201a (first lift command holding) from the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b until the second controller unit 20b is activated. The first lift command sl1 held by the unit) is transmitted. The second controller 201b (activation unit) activates the second controller unit 20b at the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b. The second controller 201b (second lift command generator) generates a second lift command sl2 that instructs the valve opening so that the amount of change in the valve opening is equal to or less than a predetermined amount of change.
If it does in this way, the steam turbine 1 can be switched smoothly (bumpless) from the 1st controller unit 20a which the malfunction generate | occur | produced with the 2nd spare controller unit 20b.
Further, the steam turbine 1 does not change the second lift command sl2 abruptly until the malfunctioning first controller unit 20a is switched to the spare second controller unit 20b. The rapid load fluctuation can be suppressed. As a result, the steam turbine 1 suppresses undershoots and overshoots that may occur when switching from the first controller unit 20a in which the failure has occurred to the spare second controller unit 20b, and suppresses failure of each functional unit. be able to.

<Second Embodiment>
The configuration of the steam turbine 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Similar to the steam turbine 1 according to the first embodiment, the steam turbine 1 according to the present embodiment includes the electronic governor 10, the first controller unit 20a, the second controller unit 20b, the first actuator 30a, and the second actuator. 30 b, a controller unit switching unit 40, a steam flow rate adjusting valve 50, a steam turbine body 60, and a rotation speed measuring device 70.

The first controller unit 20a according to the present embodiment includes a first controller 201a and a first servo drive 202a.
The second controller unit 20b according to the present embodiment includes a second controller 201b and a second servo drive 202b.

The second controller 201 b receives the governor command sg from the electronic governor 10.
When the second controller 201b receives the governor command sg, the second controller 201b generates the second lift command sl2 based on the governor command sg.

Next, the process which the steam turbine 1 by this embodiment performs is demonstrated.
The processing flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the present embodiment is the same as the processing flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. The process of the steam turbine 1 according to the present embodiment shows the process of step S6 in the process flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  Similar to the steam turbine 1 according to the first embodiment, the steam turbine 1 according to the present embodiment performs the processing of step S1 to step S5.

The second controller 201b receives the governor command sg from the electronic governor 10 when the second controller unit 20b becomes operable.
When receiving the governor command sg, the second controller 201b generates a second lift command sl2 based on the governor command sg (step S6).
As a specific example, generation of the lift command sl2 will be described with reference to a diagram showing an outline of generation of the lift command sl2 in the steam turbine 1 shown in FIG. The figure which shows the outline | summary of the production | generation of the lift instruction | command sl2 in the steam turbine 1 shown in FIG. 5 typically represents the 2nd controller 201b after the 2nd controller unit 20b will be in the state which can operate | move. The second controller 201b illustrated in FIG. 5 includes a switch SW2, a switch SW3, a delay unit 502, an error calculation unit 503, a first addition unit 504, and a second addition unit 505. When a failure occurs in the first controller 201a at time t1 shown in FIG. 6, the second controller 201b starts to start from a standby state. The second controller unit 20b is fully activated at a time t2 shown in FIG. The second controller 201b receives the governor command sg from the electronic governor 10 when the second controller unit 20b becomes operable. At this time, the switch SW2 in FIG. 5 is switched from the “b2” side to the “a2” side. When the second controller unit 20b is activated, the switch SW2 is on the “b2” side. When the second controller unit 20b is activated, the switch SW3 is on the “a3” side. The second controller 201b detects whether the change in the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg is in the decreasing direction or the increasing direction (in FIG. 6, the increasing direction).
For example, the second controller 201b starts from when the first controller unit 20a is switched to the second controller unit 20b (time t1 in FIG. 6) until the second controller unit 20b becomes operable (time t2 in FIG. 6). When the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is a positive value, it is determined that the change in the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg is in the increasing direction. Further, the second controller 201b starts from the time when the first controller unit 20a is switched to the second controller unit 20b (time t1 in FIG. 6) until the second controller unit 20b becomes operable (time t2 in FIG. 6). When the difference between the valve opening degree indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening degree indicated by the second lift command sl2 is a negative value, it is determined that the change in the valve opening degree indicated by the governor command sg is in a decreasing direction.
The second controller 201b waits until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range (between time t2 and time t3 in FIG. 6). The constant bias bs is calculated. The absolute value of the bias bs is determined in advance, and its sign is determined by the difference between the valve opening degree indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening degree indicated by the second lift command sl2. The second controller 201b uses this constant bias bs so that the change becomes smaller than the difference between the valve opening degree indicated by the previous second lift command sl2 and the valve opening degree indicated by the current governor command sg. A second lift command sl2 can be generated.
For example, when the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is a positive value, the sign of the bias bs is positive. When the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is a negative value, the sign of the bias bs is negative.
The second controller 201b has a predetermined short time interval (for example, every 100 ms) until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range. 2) Calculate the second lift command sl2.
The error calculation unit 503 receives the current governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10 at the valve opening indicated by the previous governor command sg output from the delay unit 502 (described as “y (t−1)” in FIG. 5). Is calculated (denoted as “dy (t)” in FIG. 5). The first adder 504 adds a constant bias bs to the difference calculated by the error calculator 503. The second addition unit 505 is a second value indicating a valve opening obtained by adding a value obtained by adding a constant bias bs to the difference calculated by the error calculation unit 503 and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 calculated last time. A lift command sl2 is generated. The second controller 201b uses the first lift command sl1 held by the first controller 201a immediately before switching or the actual opening signal from the first actuator 30a when generating the first second lift command sl2. .
When the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range, the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 When the difference is within the predetermined range, the switch SW3 is on the “b3” side.
By doing so, the second controller 201b allows the valve indicated by the governor command sg until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range. The opening and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 can be brought close to each other so that the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 do not change suddenly.
And the steam turbine 1 by this embodiment performs the process of step S7-step S8 similarly to the steam turbine 1 by 1st embodiment.

As a specific example of generating the second lift command sl2, generation of the second lift command sl2 by the second controller 201b when a failure occurs in the first controller 201a will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, a lift command sl indicates a first lift command sl1 between time t1 and time t2. In FIG. 6, a lift command sl indicates a second lift command sl2 between time t2 and time t3. In this example, it is assumed that a failure occurs in the first controller 201a at time t1 shown in FIG. The first controller 201a determines that a failure has occurred in the first controller 201a itself. When the first controller 201a determines that a problem has occurred in the first controller 201a itself, the first controller unit 20a transmits a switching instruction signal se1 to the controller unit switching unit 40. The controller unit switching unit 40 receives the switching instruction signal se1 from the first controller unit 20a. Upon receiving the switching instruction signal se1, the controller unit switching unit 40 transmits a switching notification signal se2 to the second controller unit 20b. The second controller unit 20b receives the switching notification signal se2 from the controller unit switching unit 40. When the second controller unit 20b receives the switching notification signal se2, the second controller unit 20b starts to start from the standby state. The second controller unit 20b is fully activated at a time t2 shown in FIG. The second controller 201b receives the governor command sg from the electronic governor 10 when the second controller unit 20b becomes operable. When the second controller 201b receives the governor command sg, the opening degree of the valve indicated by the governor command sg received when the second controller unit 20b becomes operable is reduced or increased (in FIG. 6). (Increase direction) is detected. The second controller 201b waits until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range (between time t2 and time t3 in FIG. 6). A constant bias bs (for example, 0.1% to 0.2% of the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2) is calculated. The absolute value of the bias bs is determined in advance, and its sign is determined by the difference between the valve opening degree indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening degree indicated by the second lift command sl2. The second controller 201b uses this constant bias bs so that the change becomes smaller than the difference between the valve opening degree indicated by the previous second lift command sl2 and the valve opening degree indicated by the current governor command sg. A second lift command sl2 can be generated.
For example, when the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is a positive value, the sign of the bias bs is positive. When the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is a negative value, the sign of the bias bs is negative.
The second controller 201b has a predetermined short time interval (for example, every 100 ms) until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range. 2) Calculate the second lift command sl2. The second controller 201b calculates the difference between the valve opening indicated by the previous governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10 and the valve opening indicated by the current governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10. The second controller 201b adds a constant bias bs to the difference between the valve opening indicated by the previous governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10 and the valve opening indicated by the current governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10. . The second controller 201b adds a constant bias bs to the difference between the valve opening indicated by the previous governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10 and the valve opening indicated by the current governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10. The second lift command sl2 calculated last time is added to the value to generate a second lift command sl2.

The processing flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention has been described above. The steam turbine 1 (turbine) includes a first controller 201a and a second controller 201b. The first controller 201a (first lift command generation unit) instructs the valve opening based on a governor command indicating the valve opening of the steam flow control valve 50 (flow control valve) that adjusts the rotation speed of the steam turbine 1. The first lift command sl1 is generated. The first controller 201a (first lift command holding unit) generates a first lift command generated by the first controller 201a (first lift command generation unit) at the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b. Holds sl1. The first controller 201a (first output unit) holds the first controller 201a (first lift command holding) from the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b until the second controller unit 20b is activated. The first lift command sl1 held by the unit) is transmitted. The second controller 201b (activation unit) activates the second controller unit 20b at the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b. The second controller 201b (second lift command generator) generates a second lift command sl2 that instructs the valve opening so that the amount of change in the valve opening is equal to or less than a predetermined amount of change.
For example, when the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is a positive value, the sign of the bias bs is positive. When the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is a negative value, the sign of the bias bs is negative. The second controller 201b receives the second lift command sl2 at a predetermined short time interval until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range. Is calculated. The second controller 201b calculates the difference between the valve opening indicated by the previous governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10 and the valve opening indicated by the current governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10. The second controller 201b adds a constant bias bs to the difference between the valve opening indicated by the previous governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10 and the valve opening indicated by the current governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10. . The second controller 201b adds a constant bias bs to the difference between the valve opening indicated by the previous governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10 and the valve opening indicated by the current governor command sg received from the electronic governor 10. A second lift command sl2 indicating a valve opening obtained by adding the value and the valve opening indicated by the previously calculated second lift command sl2 is generated.
If it does in this way, the steam turbine 1 can be switched smoothly (bumpless) from the 1st controller unit 20a which the malfunction generate | occur | produced with the 2nd spare controller unit 20b.
Further, the steam turbine 1 is a valve indicated by the governor command sg of the electronic governor 10 until the steam flow rate adjusting valve 50 is opened and closed until the malfunctioning first controller unit 20a is switched to the spare second controller unit 20b. By making it equal to the opening and closing direction, it is possible to suppress a rapid load fluctuation of each functional unit of the steam turbine 1. As a result, the steam turbine 1 suppresses undershoots and overshoots that may occur when switching from the first controller unit 20a in which the failure has occurred to the spare second controller unit 20b, and suppresses failure of each functional unit. be able to.

<Third embodiment>
A configuration of the steam turbine 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, the steam turbine 1 according to this embodiment is similar to the steam turbine 1 according to the first embodiment. The electronic governor 10, the first controller unit 20a, the second controller unit 20b, and the first controller An actuator 30a, a second actuator 30b, a controller unit switching unit 40, a steam flow rate adjusting valve 50, a steam turbine main body 60, and a rotation speed measuring device 70 are provided, and a difference calculating unit 80 is further provided.

The first controller unit 20a according to the present embodiment includes a first controller 201a and a first servo drive 202a.
The second controller unit 20b according to the present embodiment includes a second controller 201b and a second servo drive 202b.

  The difference calculation unit 80 calculates a difference err between the indicated rotational speed Ns of the steam turbine body 60 indicated by the input signal SV and the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 indicated by the input signal PV. The difference calculation unit 80 transmits the difference err to the second controller 201b. Note that the difference err is associated with the change rate Rt by a function Fx that is monotonously non-decreasing, for example, as shown in FIG. The function Fx shown in FIG. 9 includes three regions: a region A in which the difference err is small and the change rate Rt is small, a region C in which the difference err is large and the change rate Rt is large, and a region B that connects Fx between the regions A and C. Has two areas. The change rate Rt is a rate that defines how to change the valve opening of the steam flow control valve 50.

The second controller 201b receives the difference err from the difference calculation unit 80.
When receiving the difference err, the second controller 201b generates a second lift command sl2 based on the governor command sg and the function Fx.
Specifically, the second controller 201b specifies the change rate Rt corresponding to the difference err in the function Fx shown in FIG. The second controller 201b changes the second lift command sl2 based on the specified change rate Rt.

Next, the process which the steam turbine 1 by this embodiment performs is demonstrated.
The processing flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the present embodiment is the processing flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG.

  Similar to the steam turbine 1 according to the first embodiment, the steam turbine 1 according to the present embodiment performs the processing of step S1 to step S5.

  After the difference calculation unit 80 itself is activated and operable, the difference calculation unit 80 is instructed by the input rotation speed Ns of the steam turbine body 60 indicated by the input signal SV and the actual rotation speed N of the steam turbine body 60 indicated by the input signal PV. And the difference err is transmitted to the second controller 201b (step S9).

The second controller 201b receives the difference err from the difference calculation unit 80 when the second controller unit 20b becomes operable.
When receiving the difference err, the second controller 201b generates a second lift command sl2 based on the governor command sg and the function Fx (step S6).
As a specific example, generation of the lift command sl2 will be described with reference to a diagram showing an outline of generation of the lift command sl2 in the steam turbine 1 shown in FIG. The figure which shows the outline | summary of generation | occurrence | production of lift instruction | command sl2 in the steam turbine 1 shown in FIG. Are schematically represented. The second controller 201b illustrated in FIG. 11 includes a switch SW4, a function calculation unit 506, and a second lift command generation unit 507. When the second controller unit 20b becomes operable, the switch SW4 is on the “b4” side. For example, the function calculation unit 506 receives the difference err from the difference calculation unit 80 after the second controller unit 20b becomes operable. When receiving the difference err, the function calculation unit 506 identifies the change rate Rt corresponding to the difference err in the function Fx shown in FIG. The function calculation unit 506 transmits the specified change rate Rt to the second lift command generation unit 507. The second lift command generator 507 receives the change rate Rt from the function calculator 506. When receiving the change rate Rt, the second lift command generation unit 507 changes the second lift command sl2 based on the received change rate Rt.
The second controller 201b transmits a second lift command sl2 to the second servo drive 202b.
By doing so, the second controller 201b allows the valve indicated by the governor command sg until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range. The opening and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 can be brought close to each other so that the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 do not change suddenly.
And the steam turbine 1 by this embodiment performs the process of step S7-step S8 similarly to the steam turbine 1 by 1st embodiment.

  When the electronic governor 10 has the function of the difference calculation unit 80 and the electronic governor 10 transmits the difference err calculated using the function of the difference calculation unit 80 to the outside, the second controller 201b The difference err may be received from 10 and the second lift command sl2 may be generated using the received difference err. In that case, the steam turbine 1 may not include the difference calculation unit 80.

A specific example of the second lift command sl2 will be described. The second lift command sl2 corresponding to the change rate Rt generated by the second controller 201b based on the data table TBL1 is, for example, the lift command sl from time t2 to time t3 shown in FIG. In FIG. 12, the lift command sl indicates the first lift command sl1 between time t1 and time t2. In FIG. 12, a lift command sl indicates a second lift command sl2 between time t2 and time t4. In this example, the inclination of the lift command sl2 between time t2 and time t4 shown in FIG. 12 is the inclination in the region C of the difference err shown in FIG. 9, and is the inclination when the change rate Rt is large. Further, the inclination of the lift command sl2 between time t4 and time t3 changes when the difference err decreases in the region C shown in FIG. 9 and moves from the region C to the region B, and the difference err gradually decreases. It is the slope of Rt.
The second controller 201b transmits a second lift command sl2 to the second servo drive 202b.

The processing flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention has been described above. The steam turbine 1 (turbine) includes a first controller 201a and a second controller 201b. The first controller 201a (first lift command generation unit) instructs the valve opening based on a governor command indicating the valve opening of the steam flow control valve 50 (flow control valve) that adjusts the rotation speed of the steam turbine 1. The first lift command sl1 is generated. The first controller 201a (first lift command holding unit) generates a first lift command generated by the first controller 201a (first lift command generation unit) at the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b. Holds sl1. The first controller 201a (first output unit) holds the first controller 201a (first lift command holding) from the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b until the second controller unit 20b is activated. The first lift command sl1 held by the unit) is transmitted. The second controller 201b (activation unit) activates the second controller unit 20b at the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b. The second controller 201b (second lift command generator) generates a second lift command sl2 that instructs the valve opening so that the amount of change in the valve opening is equal to or less than a predetermined amount of change.
Specifically, after the difference calculation unit 80 itself is activated and operable, the difference calculation unit 80 starts the steam turbine main body 60 indicated by the instruction rotation speed Ns of the steam turbine main body 60 indicated by the input signal SV and the input signal PV. The difference err with the actual rotational speed N is calculated, and the difference err is transmitted to the second controller 201b. The second controller 201b receives the difference err from the difference calculation unit 80 after the second controller unit 20b becomes operable. When receiving the difference err, the second controller 201b generates a second lift command sl2 based on the governor command sg and the function Fx. The second controller 201b transmits a second lift command sl2 to the second servo drive 202b.
If it does in this way, the steam turbine 1 can be switched smoothly (bumpless) from the 1st controller unit 20a which the malfunction generate | occur | produced with the 2nd spare controller unit 20b.
Further, the steam turbine 1 does not change the second lift command sl2 abruptly until the malfunctioning first controller unit 20a is switched to the spare second controller unit 20b. The rapid load fluctuation can be suppressed. As a result, the steam turbine 1 suppresses undershoots and overshoots that may occur when switching from the first controller unit 20a in which the failure has occurred to the spare second controller unit 20b, and suppresses failure of each functional unit. be able to.

<Fourth embodiment>
The configuration of the steam turbine 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 8, the steam turbine 1 according to this embodiment includes an electronic governor 10, a first controller unit 20a, a second controller unit 20b, a first actuator 30a, a second actuator 30b, and a controller unit switching. Unit 40, steam flow control valve 50, steam turbine main body 60, rotation speed measuring device 70, and difference calculation unit 80.

The first controller unit 20a according to the present embodiment includes a first controller 201a and a first servo drive 202a.
The second controller unit 20b according to the present embodiment includes a second controller 201b and a second servo drive 202b.

In the electronic governor 10, after a malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a, the actual rotation speed N of the steam turbine body 60 indicated by the input signal PV is the actual rotation of the steam turbine body 60 immediately before the malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a. It is determined whether or not the rotation speed is within a range of a predetermined rotation speed set based on the number N. The range from the upper limit to the lower limit of the predetermined rotational speed set based on the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine main body 60 immediately before the malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a is, for example, immediately before the malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a. The actual rotation speed N of the steam turbine main body 60 is within a range of ± 5%.
Further, the electronic governor 10 has a predetermined rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 indicated by the input signal PV, which is set based on the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 immediately before the first controller 201a malfunctions. When it is determined that the rotation speed is within the range, the notification signal si is transmitted to the second controller 201b. The notification signal si is a predetermined number of revolutions set based on the actual number of revolutions N of the steam turbine body 60 immediately before the malfunction of the first controller 201a occurs. It is a signal which notifies that it is in the range. Also, the electronic governor 10 transmits a governor command sg to the second controller 201b.
The difference calculation unit 80 transmits the difference err to the second controller 201b.

The second controller 201b receives the difference err from the difference calculation unit 80. When receiving the difference err, the second controller 201b generates a second lift command sl2 based on the difference err and the function Fx. Note that the second controller 201b determines whether or not the notification signal si is received from the electronic governor 10. When the second controller 201b determines that the notification signal si has been received from the electronic governor 10, the range of the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is determined for the steam turbine body 60 immediately before the first controller 201a has a problem. The predetermined rotational speed set with reference to the actual rotational speed N is limited to a valve opening range that sets the predetermined rotational speed. If the second controller 201b determines that the notification signal si is not received from the electronic governor 10, the second controller 201b does not limit the range of the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2.
The second controller 201 b receives the governor command sg from the electronic governor 10.
When the second controller 201b receives the governor command sg, the second controller 201b generates the second lift command sl2 based on the governor command sg.

Next, the process which the steam turbine 1 by this embodiment performs is demonstrated.
The processing flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the present embodiment is the processing flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG.

  The steam turbine 1 by this embodiment performs the process of step S1-step S5, step S9 similarly to the steam turbine 1 by 1st embodiment.

The second controller 201b receives the difference err from the electronic governor 10.
When the second controller 201b receives the difference err, the second controller 201b generates a second lift command sl2 (step S6).
As a specific example, generation of the lift command sl2 will be described with reference to a diagram showing an outline of generation of the lift command sl2 in the steam turbine 1 shown in FIG. The figure which shows the outline | summary of the production | generation of the lift instruction | command sl2 in the steam turbine 1 shown in FIG. 11 is the electronic governor 10 after the 2nd controller unit 20b will be in the operable state, the difference calculating part 80, and a 2nd controller. 201b is schematically shown. The second controller 201b illustrated in FIG. 11 includes a switch SW4, a function calculation unit 506, and a second lift command generation unit 507. When the second controller unit 20b is activated, the switch SW4 is on the “b4” side. For example, the function calculation unit 506 receives the difference err from the difference calculation unit 80 after the second controller unit 20b becomes operable. When receiving the difference err, the function calculation unit 506 identifies the change rate Rt corresponding to the difference err in the function Fx shown in FIG. The function calculation unit 506 transmits the specified change rate Rt to the second lift command generation unit 507. The second lift command generator 507 receives the change rate Rt from the function calculator 506. When receiving the change rate Rt, the second lift command generation unit 507 changes the second lift command sl2 based on the received change rate Rt.

In the electronic governor 10, after a malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a, the actual rotation speed N of the steam turbine body 60 indicated by the input signal PV is the actual rotation of the steam turbine body 60 immediately before the malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a. It is determined whether or not the rotation speed is within a range of a predetermined rotation speed set based on the number N. The range from the upper limit to the lower limit of the predetermined rotational speed set based on the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine main body 60 immediately before the malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a is, for example, immediately before the malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a. The actual rotation speed N of the steam turbine main body 60 is within a range of ± 5%. In the electronic governor 10, the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 indicated by the input signal PV is a predetermined rotational speed set based on the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 immediately before the first controller 201a malfunctions. If it is determined that it is within the range, the notification signal si is transmitted to the second controller 201b.
The second controller 201b determines whether or not the notification signal si is received from the electronic governor 10 (step S10). If the second controller 201b determines that the notification signal si has been received from the electronic governor 10 (YES in step S10), the valve opening range indicated by the second lift command sl2 is set immediately before the first controller 201a has a problem. The predetermined rotational speed set based on the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine main body 60 is limited to a valve opening range that sets the predetermined rotational speed (step S11). If the second controller 201b determines that the notification signal si is not received from the electronic governor 10 (NO in step S10), the second controller 201b does not limit the range of the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2.

By doing so, the second controller 201b allows the governor command until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined valve opening range. It is possible to bring the valve opening indicated by sg close to the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 so that the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 do not change suddenly. it can.
And the steam turbine 1 by this embodiment performs the process of step S7-step S8 similarly to the steam turbine 1 by 1st embodiment.

As a specific example of generating the second lift command sl2, generation of the second lift command sl2 by the second controller 201b when a failure occurs in the first controller 201a will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 14, a lift command sl indicates a first lift command sl1 between time t1 and time t2. In FIG. 14, a lift command sl indicates a second lift command sl2 between time t2 and time t3. In this example, it is assumed that a failure occurs in the first controller 201a at time t1. The first controller 201a determines that a failure has occurred in the first controller 201a itself. When the first controller 201a determines that a problem has occurred in the first controller 201a itself, the first controller unit 20a transmits a switching instruction signal se1 to the controller unit switching unit 40. The controller unit switching unit 40 receives the switching instruction signal se1 from the first controller unit 20a. Upon receiving the switching instruction signal se1, the controller unit switching unit 40 transmits a switching notification signal se2 to the second controller unit 20b. The second controller unit 20b receives the switching notification signal se2 from the controller unit switching unit 40. When the second controller unit 20b receives the switching notification signal se2, the second controller unit 20b starts to start from the standby state. The second controller unit 20b is fully activated at a time t2 shown in FIG. When the second controller unit 20b is in an operable state, the second controller 201b is in a period from when the second controller unit 20b is in an operable state until the notification signal si is received (time t2 to time t2 shown in FIG. 14). During time t4), the change rate Rt corresponding to the difference err is received from the difference calculation unit 80. The second controller 201b generates a second lift command sl2 based on the change rate Rt. The second controller 201b transmits a second lift command sl2 to the second servo drive 202b.
When the second controller 201b receives the notification signal si that receives the notification signal si from the electronic governor 10, the second rotation speed Ns of the steam turbine body 60 indicated by the input signal SV and the actual rotation of the steam turbine body 60 indicated by the input signal PV are received. A governor command sg is received from the electronic governor 10 to indicate the valve opening degree for setting the rotational speed whose change is smaller than the difference from the number N. Based on the governor command sg, the second controller 201b sets the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 based on the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 immediately before the first controller 201a malfunctions. A second lift command sl2 is generated that indicates the valve opening that falls within the range from the upper limit to the lower limit of the valve opening that sets the number of revolutions. The second controller 201b transmits a second lift command sl2 to the second servo drive 202b.

The processing flow of the steam turbine 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
The steam turbine 1 (turbine) includes a first controller 201a and a second controller 201b. The first controller 201a (first lift command generation unit) instructs the valve opening based on a governor command indicating the valve opening of the steam flow control valve 50 (flow control valve) that adjusts the rotation speed of the steam turbine 1. The first lift command sl1 is generated. The first controller 201a (first lift command holding unit) generates a first lift command generated by the first controller 201a (first lift command generation unit) at the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b. Hold. The first controller 201a (first output unit) holds the first controller 201a (first lift command holding) from the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b until the second controller unit 20b is activated. The first lift command sl1 held by the unit) is transmitted. The second controller 201b (activation unit) activates the second controller unit 20b at the start of switching from the first controller unit 20a to the second controller unit 20b. The second controller 201b (second lift command generator) generates a second lift command sl2 that instructs the valve opening so that the amount of change in the valve opening is equal to or less than a predetermined amount of change.
Specifically, the second controller 201b sets the predetermined rotational speed at which the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine main body 60 is set based on the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine main body 60 immediately before a failure occurs in the first controller 201a. The second lift command sl2 is generated based on the difference between the indicated rotational speed Ns of the steam turbine body 60 and the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 until the valve opening is set within the range of the valve opening. Further, the second controller 201b sets a predetermined rotational speed, which is set based on the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine main body 60 immediately before the malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a. The actual rotation of the steam turbine main body 60 until the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command sg and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined range after being within the valve opening range. The number N is set based on the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 immediately before the malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a, and the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 just before the malfunction occurs in the first controller 201a. A second lift command sl2 is generated by providing a restriction within the range of the valve opening that sets the predetermined rotational speed. The second controller unit 20b transmits the second lift command sl2 to the actuator to be controlled.
If it does in this way, the steam turbine 1 can be switched smoothly (bumpless) from the 1st controller unit 20a which the malfunction generate | occur | produced with the 2nd spare controller unit 20b.
Further, the steam turbine 1 does not change the second lift command sl2 abruptly until the malfunctioning first controller unit 20a is switched to the spare second controller unit 20b. The rapid load fluctuation can be suppressed. As a result, the steam turbine 1 suppresses undershoots and overshoots that may occur when switching from the first controller unit 20a in which the failure has occurred to the spare second controller unit 20b, and suppresses failure of each functional unit. be able to.

  In the steam turbine 1 according to the above-described embodiment, the controller unit switching unit 40 has been described as receiving the switching instruction signal se1 from the first controller 201a. However, the controller unit switching unit 40 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the controller unit switching unit 40 may receive the switching instruction signal se1 directly to the controller unit switching unit 40 by an operation by a maintenance worker when performing maintenance of the steam turbine 1 or the like.

  In the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the example in which the actual rotational speed N of the steam turbine body 60 is controlled has been described. However, the turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a steam turbine. For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the actual rotational speed N of the gas turbine may be controlled by controlling the flow rate of the gas in the gas turbine.

  In the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the second controller 201b has been described as generating the second lift command sl2 based on a predetermined constant rate. However, the second controller 201b is not limited thereto.

  In the above-described fourth embodiment of the present invention, the second controller 201b has been described as providing a restriction so that the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 is within a predetermined valve opening range. . However, what restricts the valve opening indicated by the second lift command sl2 to be within the range of the predetermined valve opening may be the second lift command sl2 in a turbine other than the fourth embodiment. .

  In the processing flow in the embodiment of the present invention, the order of processing may be changed within a range where appropriate processing is performed.

  Each of the storage unit and other storage units provided in the first controller 201a in the present invention may be provided anywhere within a range in which appropriate information is transmitted and received. In addition, each of the storage unit included in the first controller 201a and other storage units may exist in a range where appropriate information is transmitted and received, and data may be distributed and stored.

  Although embodiment of this invention was described, the above-mentioned steam turbine 1 may have a computer system inside. The process described above is stored in a computer-readable recording medium in the form of a program, and the above process is performed by the computer reading and executing this program. Here, the computer-readable recording medium means a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a semiconductor memory, or the like. Alternatively, the computer program may be distributed to the computer via a communication line, and the computer that has received the distribution may execute the program.

  The program may realize part of the functions described above. Further, the program may be a so-called difference file (difference program) that can realize the above-described functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are examples and do not limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments may be variously omitted, replaced, and changed without departing from the gist of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Steam turbine 10 ... Electronic governor 20a ... 1st controller unit 20b ... 2nd controller unit 30a ... 1st actuator 30b ... 2nd actuator 40 ... Controller unit switching part 50 ... Steam flow rate control valve 60 ... Steam turbine body 70 ... Revolution measuring instrument 80 ... Difference calculation unit 201a ... First controller 201b ... Second controller 202a ... First Servo drive 202b ... second servo drives 501, 507 ... second lift command generation unit 502 ... delay unit 503 ... error calculation unit 504 ... first addition unit 505 ... second addition Unit 506 ... Function calculation unit

Claims (7)

A turbine comprising a first controller and a second controller,
The first controller includes:
A first lift command generator for generating a first lift command for instructing the valve opening based on a governor command indicating a valve opening of a flow control valve for adjusting the rotational speed of the turbine;
A first lift command holding unit that holds the first lift command generated by the first lift command generation unit at the start of switching from the first controller unit to the second controller unit;
A first output unit that transmits a first lift command held by the first lift command holding unit from the start of switching until the second controller unit is activated;
With
The second controller is
An activation unit for activating the second controller unit at the start of the switching;
A second lift command generator for generating a second lift command for instructing the valve opening so that the amount of change in the valve opening is equal to or less than a predetermined amount of change;
Turbine with. The second controller is
The valve opening indicated by the constant bias, the valve opening indicated by the previous second lift command, and the difference between the valve opening indicated by the previous governor command and the valve opening indicated by the current governor command are added. Generating a second lift command indicating the valve opening;
The turbine according to claim 1. The second controller is
Generating a second lift command for setting the amount of change based on a function indicating a relationship between a difference between an indicated rotational speed of the turbine body and an actual rotational speed of the turbine body and a change rate corresponding to the difference;
The turbine according to claim 1. The second controller is
The valve opening indicated by the governor command and the second lift command after the actual rotational speed of the turbine main body falls within a predetermined valve opening range set based on the actual rotational speed of the turbine main body immediately before the start of switching. The second lift command is generated to set the amount of change based on the difference between the indicated rotational speed of the turbine body and the actual rotational speed of the turbine body until the difference from the valve opening indicated by is within a predetermined range. To
The turbine according to claim 1. A first controller unit stop instruction unit for stopping transmission of a control signal from the first controller unit to the actuator when the switching is started and the second controller unit is operable;
When the switching starts and the second controller unit becomes operable, the difference between the valve opening indicated by the governor command and the valve opening indicated by the second lift command falls within a predetermined valve opening range. Until the second controller unit controls the actuator, the second controller unit control instruction unit,
The turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: Generating a first lift command for instructing the valve opening based on a governor command indicating a valve opening of a flow control valve that adjusts the rotational speed of the turbine;
Holding the first lift command at the start of switching from the first controller unit to the second controller unit;
Transmitting the first lift command from the start of switching until the second controller unit is activated;
Activating the second controller unit at the start of the switching;
Generating a second lift command that instructs the valve opening so that the amount of change in the valve opening is equal to or less than a predetermined amount of change;
A turbine control method including: On the computer,
Generating a first lift command for instructing the valve opening based on a governor command indicating a valve opening of a flow control valve that adjusts the rotational speed of the turbine;
Holding the first lift command at the start of switching from the first controller unit to the second controller unit;
Transmitting the first lift command from the start of switching until the second controller unit is activated;
Activating the second controller unit at the start of the switching;
Generating a second lift command that instructs the valve opening so that the amount of change in the valve opening is equal to or less than a predetermined amount of change;
A program that executes

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