JP2017117382A - Building structure design method, building structure design support program and building structure design and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reliably curb a construction cost without relying on experience and a skill of a designer.SOLUTION: A design method for a building structure 1, which has columns 4 arranged at intervals respectively along an X axis and a Y axis normal to each other in a planar view and beams 5 installed between columns 4 next to each other respectively along the X axis and the Y axis, comprises the processes to: divide a floor 3 of the building structure 1 into a plurality of grids 6 which are rectangular in the planar view and respectively defined by the columns 4 positioned at four corners and the beams 5 installed between the columns 4 next to each other along the X axis and the Y axis as four sides of respective grids; calculates respective construction costs of the plurality of grids 6 with lengths Lx of the beams 5 along the X axis and the lengths Ly of the beams 5 along the Y axis varied from grid to grid by unit length; and decide the length Lx of the beam 5 along the X axis and the length Ly of the beam 5 along the Y axis on the basis of the calculated costs of the plurality of grids 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a building structure design method, a building structure design support program, and a building structure design and construction method.

  Design various building structures such as logistics facilities and warehouses while complying with legal restrictions such as site conditions, floor area ratio, and fire prevention compartments, in addition to the purpose of use and the requirements of the owner. Is made.

  The cost of building structures is different depending on the amount of materials used and the materials used to make up the columns and beams that make up the structures. Therefore, the cost of the entire building structure varies depending on, for example, the cross section (cross sectional shape and cross sectional area) of the beam selected by the designer.

  However, there are a variety of matters that must be considered in designing a building structure, and the burden on the designer may be large. The cross-section of the beam is determined by the designer based on his / her own experience. The fact is. The cost of the building structure is desirably cheap from the owner side, but the cost varies greatly depending on the experience of the designer. Moreover, even an experienced designer cannot always design a building structure with a minimum cost.

  In Patent Document 1, the cross sections of members such as pillars, beams, and earthquake-resistant walls that form the building structure are different for each member at a constant change rate with respect to the basic cross section. There is disclosed a method of a structure for performing structure calculation and cost calculation using the cross section. In this method, the body cost can be suppressed by extracting the cross section of the member that has been made different in a plurality of stages and that satisfies the required condition in the structural calculation and has the lowest cost.

JP 2002-332689 A

However, the configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1 has the following problems.
That is, when performing the structural calculation and the cost calculation by changing the cross section of the member in a plurality of stages, the basic cross section is extracted from the cross section of the similar building structure from the past building structure data. Therefore, when there is no building structure similar to the past, it is not possible to set a basic cross section that is the first stage of examination.

In addition, for example, in the case of a logistics facility where vehicles such as trucks come and go, the spans (intervals) of the pillars are determined so that the truck can travel and can arrive at a predetermined position. Depending on the span of the column, the length of the beam constructed between adjacent columns changes. Furthermore, the longer the beam, the larger the cross-section of the beam to ensure strength. Thus, if the length or cross section of the beam changes, the material cost naturally changes.
Therefore, even if the floor area is the same, the building cost of the building structure varies according to the span of the pillar determined by the designer. However, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot select an optimum condition for such a column span.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and it is possible to suppress the reliance on designers' experience and skill, and to reliably reduce costs, and to support the design of building structures. The purpose is to provide a program and a construction method for building structures.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The architectural structure design method according to the present invention includes a pillar provided at intervals along a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to each other in plan view, and the first direction and the second direction. And a large beam spanned between the pillars adjacent to each other in the building structure, wherein the pillar is positioned at four corners of the floor of the building structure, and the first direction And a step of dividing into a plurality of grids having a rectangular shape in plan view in which sides are formed by the large beams installed between the columns adjacent to each other in the second direction, and a length Lx of the large beams in the first direction And calculating the cost of the plurality of types of grids when the length Ly of the girder in the second direction is changed by unit length, and based on the calculated cost of the grid, the first Direction The girders of the length Lx, and characterized in that it comprises the steps of determining the length Ly of the girders in the second direction in the. The building structure design method includes a step of dividing a floor into a plurality of grids in a building structure having axes orthogonal to each other in a plane, and a plurality of types of grids when Lx and Ly are varied for each unit length. It can also be said that the method includes a step of calculating the cost and a step of determining Lx and Ly based on the cost.

  In this way, the floor of the building structure to be designed is divided into a plurality of grids, and the length of the first beam and the second beam in the first direction are varied in stages for this grid. By calculating, the length of the large beam in the first direction and the second direction can be determined. Thereby, the span between the columns adjacent to each other can be appropriately determined based on the cost. By using such a technique, it is possible to suppress the reliance on the designer's experience and skill, and to reliably reduce the cost.

Further, in the calculating step, for each of the plurality of types of grids, the length Lx of the large beam in the first direction and the length Ly of the large beam in the second direction are used. You may make it calculate a step. It can be said that the step of the material may be calculated in the step of calculating the previous term.
According to such a configuration, the cost of each grid can be clearly calculated by calculating the step, which is the material cost of the grid.

Moreover, the step of calculating may calculate the step of the steel frame structure constituting the grid for each of the plurality of types of grids as the step. In the step of calculating the preceding item, it can be said that the step of the floor frame steel frame of plural kinds of grids may be calculated.
According to such a configuration, when the building structure is a steel structure, the cost of each grid can be calculated clearly.

Moreover, you may make it further provide the process of selecting the thing which satisfy | fills the area restrictions in the planar view of the said grid among the said multiple types of said grid.
According to such a configuration, the length of the girder constituting the grid having an appropriate area should be determined in consideration of the volume ratio, legal restrictions such as fire prevention compartments, and the use of the building structure. Can do.

In the selecting step, when the floor when the volume ratio of the building structure is maximized is divided into a plurality of the grids with a predetermined number of grids, the cost of the grid is minimized in the area of the grid. The length Lx of the large beam in the first direction and the length Ly of the large beam in the second direction may be determined. When the floor area where the floor area ratio is maximum is divided by the grid area that satisfies the constraints on the plan plane, it can be said that the combination of Lx and Ly that minimizes the cost in the grid area may be determined.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to perform an appropriate design in terms of cost while setting the volume ratio of the building structure to the maximum value close to the legal volume ratio.

  Further, the design support program for a building structure according to the present invention includes a pillar provided at intervals along a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to each other in plan view, the first direction, and the first direction and the second direction. A building structure design support program executed by a computer device for supporting design of a building structure including a large beam spanned between the columns adjacent to each other in each of the second directions, The floor of the object is formed by a rectangular grid in plan view in which the pillars are located at the four corners and sides are formed by the large beams installed between the pillars adjacent to each other in the first direction and the second direction. When the computer apparatus is divided into a plurality of units, the length Lx of the girder in the first direction and the length Ly of the girder in the second direction are changed by unit length. Characterized in that to function as a unit, for calculating the Kino costs of a plurality of types of the grid. It can be said that the design support program for a building structure calculates the costs of a plurality of types of grids when Lx and Ly are varied for each unit length.

  According to the design support program for a building structure having such a configuration, spans between adjacent columns can be appropriately and automatically determined based on the cost. By using such a design support program, it is possible to suppress the reliance on the designer's experience and skill, and to reliably reduce the cost.

  In addition, the building construction design and construction method of the building structure according to the present invention includes a step of designing a building structure by the above-described building structure design method and a step of building the building structure. It is characterized by providing.

  Thus, it becomes possible to construct a building structure at low cost by designing a building structure with the span appropriately determined based on cost.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the reliance on the designer's experience and skill, and to reliably reduce the cost.

It is a figure which shows the functional schematic structure of the design support apparatus which performs the design method of a building structure, the design support program of a building structure, and the design construction method of a building structure. An example of a planar layout of a building structure to be designed is shown. It is an elevational view of the building structure. It is a top view which shows schematic structure of the housing of a building structure. It is a top view which shows the frame structure in a part of floor of a building structure. It is a top view which shows the structure of each grid. It is a figure which shows the flow of a process in a design assistance apparatus at the time of performing the design method of a building structure. It is a figure which shows an example of a step when fixing the length of the big beam of a X direction, and changing the length of the big beam of a Y direction. It is a figure which shows the step in the combination of the length Lx of the X direction of the large beam and the Y direction where the step becomes the minimum, and Ly. It is a figure which shows the step in the combination of the length Lx of the X direction of the large beam and the Y direction where the step becomes the minimum, and Ly. It is a figure which shows the example of the numerical value of the length Lx of the X direction of the large beam for every area of a grid, the length Ly of the Y direction, and a step. It is a top view which shows the modification of the grid division of a floor.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment for carrying out a building structure design method, a building structure design support program, and a building structure design and construction method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited only to this embodiment.

(Design support equipment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a functional schematic configuration of a design support apparatus that executes a building structure design method, a building structure design support program, and a building structure design and construction method.
In this building structure design method, building structure design support program, and building structure design and construction method, a design support apparatus (computer apparatus) 10 as shown in FIG. Is used.
As shown in FIG. 1, the design support apparatus 10 is a so-called computer apparatus, and functionally includes an input unit 11, a processing unit 12, a database unit 13, and an output unit 14.

  The input unit 11 is a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, or the like that inputs conditions necessary for selecting the optimum conditions of the building structure housing to the design support apparatus 10.

  The processing unit 12 includes a processing device such as a CPU, a storage device such as a memory and an HDD, and a design support program stored in advance in a storage area of the storage device such as an HDD according to the conditions input by the input unit 11. Cooperates to execute a predetermined process.

  In the database unit 13, data such as member weight, member unit price, labor cost, and the like according to the length, cross section, and material of the member are accumulated in a part of the storage area of the storage device.

  The output unit 14 outputs a processing result in the processing unit 12 to the outside, and includes a monitor that displays information, a printer that prints information, and the like.

(Configuration of building structure)
Hereinafter, the structure of an example of the building structure designed using such a design support apparatus 10 is demonstrated.
Here, FIG. 2 shows an example of a planar layout of a building structure to be designed. FIG. 3 is an elevational view of the building structure.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the building structure 1 is installed in a site 2. In the present embodiment, the building structure 1 is used as a physical distribution facility, and a vehicle such as a truck can move by traveling on the outer periphery of the building (in the site). Such a building structure 1 has, for example, four floors, and each floor 3 has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view.

FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating a schematic configuration of a building structure. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a structure of a housing in a part of the floor of the building structure. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the configuration of each grid.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the frame of the building structure 1 is along the longitudinal direction of each floor 3 (hereinafter referred to as the X direction) and the short direction (hereinafter referred to as the Y direction). Column 4 erected at regular intervals, and a large beam 5 extending along the X direction (first direction) and the Y direction (second direction) and extending between the columns 4 and 4 adjacent to each other, It has. In this way, each floor 3 of the building structure 1 is partitioned into a plurality of rectangular grids 6 by dividing each of the X direction and the Y direction at regular intervals by the pillars 4 and the large beams 5. It is formed in a checkered pattern. In other words, each grid 6 has pillars 4 positioned at the four corners, and a large beam 5 laid between the pillars 4 and 4 adjacent to each other in the X direction and the Y direction has sides of the grid 6 having a rectangular shape in plan view. Form.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in each grid 6, a small beam 7 extending along the Y direction is provided between the large beams 5 and 5 facing each other in the Y direction. A plurality of such small beams 7 are arranged between the large beams 5 and 5 facing each other in the X direction with an interval in the X direction.

(Design method of building structure)
In order to design the building structure 1 as described above, the design support device 10 is used, the length Lx of the large beam 5 extending in the X direction, the length Ly of the large beam 5 extending in the Y direction, that is, the X direction of the column 4, Select a span in the Y direction. The method will be described below.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a flow of processing in the design support apparatus when executing the building structure design method.
For this purpose, the preconditions for selecting the lengths Lx and Ly of the large beam 5 are the material of the large beam 5, the material of the small beam 7, the number of the small beams 7 per grid 6, and the load load on the slab of each floor 3. The value is set by the designer and input to the design support apparatus 10 by the input unit 11.
Further, the designer determines the number of grids 6 in each of the X direction and the Y direction as provisional values for setting the lengths Lx and Ly of the girder 5 and inputs them to the design support apparatus 10 through the input unit 11.

Further, the designer sets, as design criteria values, a maximum verification ratio, a deflection limit value, and the like in the large beam 5 and the small beam 7 and inputs them to the design support apparatus 10 through the input unit 11.
Further, the designer sets the procurement unit price of the member per unit weight (kg) in order to calculate the material cost of the large beam 5 and the small beam 7. In this case, the procurement unit price can be set in consideration of the processing cost in addition to the material cost of the member alone. The material cost is set according to the material of the member.

  Based on the design support program, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 includes a large beam 5 such as the preconditions input by the input unit 11, the number of grids 6, the maximum test ratio, the deflection limit value, the procurement unit price, and the material cost. The setting information necessary for determining the lengths Lx and Ly is stored in the database unit 13 (step S11).

  Here, data such as various cross-sectional dimensions and length dimensions of the steel frame that can be used as the large beam 5 and the small beam 7 are stored in the database unit 13 in advance. Even if the large beam 5 and the small beam 7 have the same material and the same cross-sectional shape, the cross-sectional dimension increases as the length increases in order to ensure strength.

  In addition, the diaphragm (not shown) provided at the joint between the column 4 and the large beam 5 changes in thickness according to the flange width of the large beam 5. Therefore, in the database unit 13, data on the thickness of a diaphragm (not shown) corresponding to the flange width of the large beam 5 is stored in advance in association with each other.

  Next, the designer sets an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the lengths Lx and Ly of the girder 5 in each of the X direction and the Y direction, and inputs them to the design support apparatus 10 through the input unit 11. In this embodiment, 12.00 m and 10.00 m are set as the upper limit value and lower limit value of Lx, respectively, and 12.00 m and 9.00 m are set as the upper limit value and lower limit value of Ly, respectively.

  The processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 receives the input of the upper and lower limits of the lengths Lx and Ly of the girder 5 input by the input unit 11 based on the design support program, and is provided in the processing unit 12. Store in the temporary storage area of the memory (step S12).

Based on the design support program, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 sets the length Lx in the X direction of the girder 5 and the length Ly in the Y direction to a predetermined unit between the upper limit value and the lower limit value. The length of the steel frame is varied step by step to calculate the steel stride (the amount of steel used per unit area) constituting one grid 6 (step S13).
For this, the length Lx in the X direction and the length Ly in the Y direction of the girder 5 are changed by a predetermined unit length to calculate the step. In this embodiment, the length Lx in the X direction and the length Ly in the Y direction of the large beam 5 are changed in increments of 5 cm (0.05 m), respectively. In this embodiment, the yield in the grid 6 of 41 cases in the X direction, 61 cases in the Y direction, and 2501 cases in total (41 cases × 61 cases) is calculated.
Here, the steel frames constituting one grid 6 are one side of the center line of the X-direction large beam 5 (1/2 of the weight of the large beam 5) and one side of the center line of the Y-direction large beam 5 (of the large beam 5). This is a floor-assembled steel frame composed of 1/2) of weight, three small beams 7 and a diaphragm (not shown).
Therefore, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 determines the length Lx in the X direction of the large beam 5, the length Ly in the Y direction, and the large beam 5 and the small beam 7 stored in the database unit 13 based on the design support program. The step per unit area is calculated from the cross-sectional dimensions, unit weight, and the like.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the step calculated in this way. In FIG. 8, the length of the steel beam constituting one grid 6 is calculated when the length Lx in the X direction of the large beam 5 is kept constant and the length Ly in the Y direction is changed by 5 cm. It is shown in the table.
FIG. 9 shows the transition of the step when the length Ly in the X direction of the large beam shown in FIG. 8 and the length Lx in the X direction of the large beam are fixed and the length Ly in the Y direction is changed by 5 cm. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9, as the length Ly of the large beam 5 in the Y direction is increased, the amount of steel frame used per unit area decreases, but when the length Ly increases by a certain dimension, the large beam Since the cross-sectional dimension of 5 needs to be increased, the step increases in a staircase pattern.

Based on the design support program, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 performs a process of calculating the step by changing the length Ly in the Y direction by 5 cm while keeping the length Lx in the X direction of the large beam 5 constant. This is repeated every time the length Lx in the X direction of the girder 5 is sequentially changed by 5 cm.
In addition, when there are a plurality of types of materials in the selection candidates of the girder 5, the above-described calculation processing of the yield can be performed for each material.

Next, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 specifies the length Ly in the Y direction of the girder 5 having the minimum step for each length Lx in the X direction of the girder 5 based on the design support program. (Step S14). In the example of FIG. 8, when the length Lx in the X direction of the large beam 5 is 11.40 m, when the length Ly in the Y direction of the large beam 5 (small beam 7) is 9.65 m, the step is minimized. .
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the yield in the combination of the lengths Lx and Ly in the X direction and the Y direction of the large beam that minimizes the yield.

Next, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 obtains the length Lx in the X direction and the length in the Y direction of the large beam 5 with the minimum yield obtained as described above based on the design support program. For each combination of Ly, the grid area A of the floor steel frame is calculated and summarized in association with the numerical value of the step.
here,
Grid area A = (length Lx in the X direction of the large beam 5) × (length Ly in the Y direction of the large beam 5)
It is.
Further, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10, on the basis of the design support program, the calculated grid area A, for example, 100 m ² or more 101m less than ^2, 101m ² or more 102m less than ^2, 102m ² or more 103m less than ^2, such as As described above, each of the predetermined pitch areas is divided into a plurality of groups.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the length Lx in the X direction and the length Ly in the Y direction and the numerical value of the step for each area. FIG. 11 shows examples of the numerical values of the length of the large beam Lx in the X direction, the length Ly in the Y direction, and the step length, for example, at 108 m ² or more and less than 109 m ² and 109 m ² or more and less than 110 m ² .

Further, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 determines the length Lx in the X direction and the length in the Y direction of the girder 5 with the minimum yield for each group of the grid area A based on the design support program. A combination with Ly is specified (step S15). Here, in the example of FIG. 11, for each group of area A, three combinations of the length Lx in the X direction and the length Ly in the Y direction of the large beam 5 having the smallest step are specified. (Shown by hatching in FIG. 11).
Here, if the material of the girder 5 is only one kind, the cost is directly linked to the cost. Therefore, the length Lx in the X direction of the girder 5 and the length Ly in the Y direction are the smallest. One combination may be specified as the combination with the lowest cost. Further, when there are a plurality of types of materials for the girder 5, the cost is calculated by multiplying the yield by the correction value corresponding to the material unit price for each material. In step S15, the cost is calculated for each group of area A. The combination of the length Lx in the X direction and the length Ly in the Y direction that is the minimum can be specified. For example, when the material unit price ratio is SM490A / SS400 = 1.1, 1.1 is set as the correction value. When the weight of SM490A is 70 kg / m ² , if the material of the girder 5 is SS400, the conversion correction yield corrected with the correction value is 70 × 1.1 = 77 kg / m ² . In this way, by comparing the yield (material weight per unit) in accordance with the material unit price, it becomes possible to compare different materials.

Next, the design conditions for the building structure 1 to be constructed are arranged.
For this purpose, the designer inputs the area A0 of the site 2 where the building structure 1 is constructed and the legal volume ratio a into the design support apparatus 10 through the input unit 11.
Based on the design support program, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 calculates the maximum total floor area (volume target area) A0 from the inputted area A0 of the site 2 and the legal volume ratio a per floor. Xa is calculated (step S16).

Next, the designer inputs the deduction area A1 other than the floor area of each floor of the building structure 1 and the additional area A2 other than the building structure 1 provided in the site and not included in the total floor area. To the design support apparatus 10.
For example, the deduction area A1 is an area such as an elevator or an atrium provided in the building structure 1. The additional area A2 is a large eaves 8 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) provided so as to project outward on the outer periphery of the building structure 1 or a guardhouse 9 provided separately from the building structure 1 in the site. (See FIG. 2), floor area of a warehouse or the like.

The processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 obtains the maximum floor area Amax of the building structure 1 from the input deduction area A1 and the additional area A2 by the following formula (1) based on the design support program ( Step S17).
Amax = A0 * a + A1-A2 (1)

Furthermore, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 divides the maximum floor area Amax obtained by Expression (1) by the number of floors Nf of the building structure 1 based on the design support program, so that per floor. The maximum area Af is calculated (step S18).
Af = Amax / Nf (2)

For example, in the example of FIG. 2, when the site area A0 is 22025 m ² and the legal volume ratio a is 200%, the volume target area A0 × a is 44050 m ² .
Furthermore, deduction area A1 is 550 meters ^2, if additional area A2 is 1300 m ^2, a maximum floor area Amax becomes 43300m ^2.
When the number of floors Nf of the building structure 1 is 4, the maximum area Af per floor is 10825 m ² .

Next, the designer sets the division of the fire prevention section K in each floor 3.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the fire prevention section K includes a plurality of grids 6 and is defined by a partition wall Kw provided around the fire prevention section K.
The fire prevention section K is preferably as wide as possible from the viewpoint of usability. Moreover, it is preferable to reduce the number of fire prevention sections K on each floor 3 to reduce the partition walls Kw partitioning each fire prevention section K, thereby reducing the cost. For these reasons, it is preferable that the number of fire prevention sections K is as small as possible.
Moreover, the area of one fire prevention section K needs to be 1500 m ² or less which is the legal upper limit value of the fire prevention section K.
Therefore, the fire prevention section K is made as close as possible to the upper limit value of 1500 m ² so that the number of fire prevention sections K on each floor 3 is minimized.

Next, the designer sets the grid division of the fire prevention section K.
Here, the number of grids 6 constituting each fire prevention section K is represented by the product of the grid division number Xn in the X direction and the grid division number Yn in the X direction, that is, Xn × Yn.
Here, in each fire prevention section K, when the grid division numbers Xn and Yn in the X direction and the Y direction are increased, the number of pillars 4 and piles (not shown) supporting the pillars 4 is increased, resulting in an increase in cost. On the other hand, in each fire prevention section K, if the grid division numbers Xn, Yn in the X direction and the Y direction are reduced, the floor area to be borne by one pillar 4 increases, so the number and cross-sectional area of the piles supporting the pillar 4 Or the length of the girder 5 becomes longer and the height of the girder 5 is increased to ensure strength.
In terms of usability, the length of the grid 6 in the X direction and the Y direction is preferably 9 m or more.

In addition to this, it is preferable that the designer sets the number of grids 6 in consideration of securing the lead wires outside the building structure 1 and the frontage dimensions necessary for landing the truck.
In the example of FIG. 4, each floor 3 is provided with a total of eight fire prevention sections K, four rows in the X direction and two rows in the Y direction.

  The designer inputs the division of the fire prevention section K and the grid division of each fire prevention section K set as described above to the design support apparatus 10 using the input unit 11.

The processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 divides the maximum area Af per floor by the number Kn of the fire prevention sections K based on the division of the fire prevention sections K input based on the design support program. The area Ak of the fire prevention section K on the floor 3 is obtained (Ak = Af / Kn) (step S19).
Accordingly, in the example of FIG. 4, the area Ak of each fire prevention section K is 1353 m ² .

Further, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 obtains the area of each grid based on the grid division of the input fire prevention section K based on the design support program (step S20). The area Ag of one grid can be obtained by dividing the maximum area Af per floor by the number Ng of grids 6 (Ag = Af / Ng).
Here, in one fire prevention section K, the grid division number Xn in the X direction is set to 4, the grid division number Yn in the Y direction is set to 3, and Xn × Yn = 4 × 3 = 12 grids 6 are formed. As a result, the number Ng of grids 6 constituting each floor 3 of the building structure 1 is 96 in total, 12 in the X direction and 8 in the Y direction.
Since the maximum area Af of the floor 3 is 10825 m ² and the number Ng of grids 6 per floor is 96, the area Ag of one grid 6 is 112.76 m ² .

Here, in order to take into account the thickness t of the outer wall provided on the outer peripheral portion of the building structure 1, the area Ag of one grid 6 is adjusted by multiplying it by a preset coefficient ρ (for example, 0.97).
In the example of FIG. 4, the area Ag ′ of one grid 6 after adjustment is
112.76m ² × 0.97 = 109.38m ²
It becomes.

Subsequently, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 determines the lengths Lx and Ly of the girder 5 as the minimum step according to the calculated area Ag ′ of the grid 6 based on the design support program ( Step S21).
This is the group of the grid area A as shown in FIG. 11, the group corresponding to the area of the grid 6 obtained in step S <b> 20, and the length of the large beam 5 in the X direction that minimizes the step. A combination of the length Lx and the length Ly in the Y direction is selected.
In the example of FIG. 11, since one area of the grid 6 Ag 'after control is a 109.38M ^2, from the group of less than 109m ² or more 110m ^2, the length Lx = 12m girders 5 which minimizes yardstick, The length Ly = 9.15 m is selected.

Thereafter, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 confirms whether or not the legal conditions such as the volume ratio are satisfied in the lengths Lx and Ly of the selected beam 5 based on the design support program (step) S22).
In the example of FIG. 4, the length Lx of the large beam 5 in the X direction is 12 m, the number Ngx of the grids 6 in the X direction of each floor 3 is 12, and the outer wall provided on the outer peripheral portion of the building structure 1 in the X direction The thickness t is 0.58 m. Therefore, the length Sx in the X direction of the building structure 1 is
Sx = Lx × Ngx + t × 2 = 12 m × 12 pieces + 0.58 m × 2 = 145.16 m
It becomes.
Further, the length Ly of the large beam 5 in the Y direction is 9.15 m, the number Ngy of the grids 6 in the X direction of each floor 3 is 8, and the thickness of the outer wall provided on the outer peripheral portion of the building structure 1 in the Y direction. The length t is 0.58 m. Therefore, the length Sy in the Y direction of the building structure 1 is
Sy = Ly × Ngy + t × 2 = 9.15 m × 8 pieces + 0.58 m × 2 = 74.63 m
It becomes.

The total floor area Aa in the building structure 1 is
Total floor area Aa = Length Sx × Length Sy × Number of floors Nf−Deduction area A1 + Additional area A2
Is required.
In the example of FIG.
Total floor area Aa = 145.16m × 74.63m × 4 floors -550m ² + 1300m ² = 43926.39m ²
It becomes.

Since the floor area ratio Kv is the total floor area Aa / site area A0, in the example of FIG.
Volume ratio Kv = 43926.39 m ² /220.25 m ² = 195.9% <200
Thus, the volume ratio Kv is satisfied.

  In this way, when the length Lx of the large beam 5 in the X direction is determined to be 12 m and the length Ly of the large beam 5 in the Y direction is determined to be 9.15 m, the processing unit 12 of the design support apparatus 10 loads the design support program. Based on this, the determination result is output from the output unit 14 to the outside.

(Design and construction methods for building structures)
Based on the determination result output as described above, the designer places the building beam 1 of the building structure 1 so that the length in the X direction is Lx and the length in the Y direction is Ly. design.

  After that, the building structure 1 is constructed by actually constructing the building structure 1 designed as described above on the site 2.

  As described above, according to the building structure design method, the building structure design support program, and the building structure design and construction method according to this embodiment, a plurality of floors 3 of the building structure 1 to be designed are provided. Dividing into grids 6 and calculating the costs for each grid 6 by varying the lengths Lx and Ly of the large beams 5 in the X and Y directions for the grid 6 as a target. The lengths Lx and Ly of the girder 5 at can be determined. Thereby, the span between the pillars 4 adjacent to each other can be appropriately determined based on the cost. By using such a technique, it is possible to suppress the reliance on the designer's experience and skill, and to reliably reduce the cost.

In addition, in the calculation step, the length Lx of the large beam 5 in the X direction and the length Lx of the large beam 5 in the X direction and the length Lx of the large beam 5 in the Y direction, From the length Ly of the girder 5, the yield of the material constituting the grid 6 is calculated. Thus, the cost of each grid 6 can be calculated clearly by calculating the step, which is the material cost of the grid 6.
Furthermore, as a step, the step of the steel floor structure constituting the grid 6 is calculated for each of the plurality of types of grids 6. According to such a configuration, the cost of each grid 6 can be clearly calculated in the building structure 1 that is a steel structure.
For example, it is possible to delete the amount of steel used by about 3 to 5 kg / m ² .

  In addition, among the plurality of types of grids 6, a grid 6 satisfying the area constraint condition in plan view is selected. According to such a configuration, the length Lx of the girder 5 that constitutes the grid 6 having an appropriate area while taking into account the legal restrictions such as the volume ratio, fire prevention compartment, the use of the building structure 1 and the like. , Ly can be determined.

  Further, when the floor 3 when the floor area ratio of the building structure 1 is maximized is divided into a plurality of grids 6 by a predetermined number of grids 6, the girder in the X direction so that the cost of the grid 6 is the lowest in the area of the grid 6. The length Lx of 5 and the length Ly of the large beam 5 in the Y direction are determined. According to such a configuration, it is possible to perform an appropriate design in terms of cost while setting the volume ratio of the building structure 1 to the maximum value close to the legal volume ratio.

The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, the large beam 5 has the same cross section in each of the X direction and the Y direction. However, for example, the cross section of the large beam 5 may be different between the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion of the building structure 1. Is possible. In that case, it is only necessary to calculate the step for the step of the large beam 5 positioned on the outer peripheral portion and the step of the main beam 5 positioned on the inner peripheral portion, and add them together.

In the above embodiment, the lengths Lx and Ly of the large beam 5 are unified in a plurality of spans in each of the X direction and the Y direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Only some spans in the X direction and the Y direction may be different from the other spans in the lengths Lx and Ly of the large beam 5.
FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a modification of the grid division of the floor.
For example, as shown in FIG. 12, the length Lx of the large beam 5s located at both ends in the X direction can be made smaller than the length Lx of the other large beams 5.

When the optimum combination of the lengths Lx and Ly of the large beam 5 is determined by the method described in the above embodiment, the “ratio of the lengths Lx and Ly of the large beam 5 having a low yield (cost)” is determined as the volume ratio. May not approach the legal volume ratio a. In such a case, the area of each floor 3 can be adjusted by making the lengths Lx and Ly of the large beams 5s different in some spans.
In this case, in order to reduce the overall step (cost) as much as possible, it is better to reduce the number of grids 6 as much as possible while adopting the lengths Lx and Ly of the large beams 5s in this partial span. It is preferable to perform span adjustment in the Y direction, which is the short direction, rather than span adjustment in the X direction, which is the longitudinal direction.

  In addition, the position where the length of the large beam 5 is different from that of the other span in some spans as described above is not limited to the large beam 5s at both ends, but may be only one end, or the X direction and the Y direction. It may be an intermediate part.

  Naturally, the building structure 1 to be designed may have any shape, structure, use, etc.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the processing flow illustrated in FIG. 7 is exemplified. However, if the optimum combination of the lengths Lx and Ly of the large beam 5 can be finally determined, the processing order is appropriately changed. May be. Further, the timing at which the designer inputs various information, conditions, and the like to the design support apparatus 10 is not questioned at all. For example, the timing may be input in advance before starting a series of processes.

  Each process in the design support device 10 described above is stored in a computer-readable recording medium in the form of a program, and the program is read and executed by the computer of the design support device 10 to execute the above process. Is done. Here, the computer-readable recording medium means a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a semiconductor memory, or the like. The computer program may be distributed to the computer via a communication line, and the computer that has received the distribution may execute the program.

  The program may be for realizing a part of the functions described above. Furthermore, what can implement | achieve the function mentioned above in combination with the program already recorded on the computer system, what is called a difference file (difference program) may be sufficient. The design support apparatus 10 may be configured by a single computer, or may be configured by a plurality of computers that are communicably connected.

  In addition, the designer can implement part or all of the processing performed based on the program in the above embodiment. For example, the designer may determine the lengths Lx and Ly of the large beam 5 as the minimum step according to the calculated area Ag ′ of the grid 6 (step S21). In this case, for example, a table as shown in FIG. 11 may be output to the output unit 14.

  In addition, it is possible to appropriately replace the constituent elements in the embodiment with known constituent elements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the above-described modified examples may be appropriately combined.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building structure 3 Floor 4 Pillar 5 Large beam 6 Grid 10 Design support apparatus (computer apparatus)

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The architectural structure design method according to the present invention includes a pillar provided at intervals along a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to each other in plan view, and the first direction and the second direction. And a large beam spanned between the pillars adjacent to each other in the building structure, wherein the pillar is positioned at four corners of the floor of the building structure, and the first direction And a length Lx of the large beam in the first direction when divided into a plurality of rectangular grids in plan view in which sides are formed by the large beam laid between the columns adjacent to each other in the second direction, and wherein the length Ly of the girders in the second direction, the steps of cost computer equipment of a plurality of types of the grid when varied by unit length is calculated, the calculated cost group the grid Can, and wherein in the first direction girder length Lx, and characterized in that it comprises the steps of the girders the computing device the length Ly of determining in the second direction. Design method for building structures, in building structures having an axis perpendicular to a plane, when dividing the floor into a plurality by the grid, Lx, a plurality of types of grid when varied per unit length Ly calculating a cost computing device, Lx on the basis of cost, also comprising the step of Ly computer device determines it said.

Further, in the calculating step, for each of the plurality of types of grids, the length Lx of the large beam in the first direction and the length Ly of the large beam in the second direction are used. The computer device may calculate the step. In the step of pre-Symbol calculated, it can be said that the step multiplied materials computer device may calculate.
According to such a configuration, the cost of each grid can be clearly calculated by calculating the step, which is the material cost of the grid.

Further, in the calculating step, the computer apparatus may calculate the yield of the floor steel frame constituting the grid for each of a plurality of types of the grids as the yield. In the step of pre-Symbol calculated, it can be said that the step multiplied floor sets steel of a plurality of types of grid computing device may calculate.
According to such a configuration, when the building structure is a steel structure, the cost of each grid can be calculated clearly.

Further, among the plurality of kinds of the grid, the constraint condition is satisfied in an area in plan view of the grid the computer system may be provided to further the more Engineering for selection.
According to such a configuration, the length of the girder constituting the grid having an appropriate area should be determined in consideration of the volume ratio, legal restrictions such as fire prevention compartments, and the use of the building structure. Can do.

In the selecting step, when the floor when the volume ratio of the building structure is maximized is divided into a plurality of the grids with a predetermined number of grids, the cost of the grid is minimized in the area of the grid. The computer device may determine the length Lx of the large beam in the first direction and the length Ly of the large beam in the second direction. When the floor area where the floor area ratio is maximum is divided by the grid area that satisfies the constraints on the plan, the computer device may determine the combination of Lx and Ly that minimizes the cost in the grid area. I can say that.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to perform an appropriate design in terms of cost while setting the volume ratio of the building structure to the maximum value close to the legal volume ratio.

Claims (7)

A pillar provided at intervals along a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to each other in plan view, and spanned between the pillars adjacent to each other in each of the first direction and the second direction. A method of designing a building structure comprising
The floor of the building structure has a rectangular shape in plan view in which the pillars are located at the four corners and sides are formed by the large beams installed between the pillars adjacent to each other in the first direction and the second direction. A process of dividing into a plurality of grids,
Calculating the cost of the plurality of types of grids when the length Lx of the girder in the first direction and the length Ly of the girder in the second direction are varied by unit length;
Determining the length Lx of the girder in the first direction and the length Ly of the girder in the second direction based on the calculated cost of the grid;
A method for designing a building structure, comprising:   The calculating step includes, for each of the plurality of types of grids, a step of a material constituting the grid from the length Lx of the large beam in the first direction and the length Ly of the large beam in the second direction. The building structure design method according to claim 1, wherein:   3. The design of a building structure according to claim 2, wherein the calculating step calculates, as the step, a step of a steel frame structure constituting the grid for each of a plurality of types of grids. Method.   The building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step of selecting one of the plurality of types of grids that satisfies an area constraint condition in plan view of the grid. Design method.   In the step of selecting, when the floor when the volume ratio of the building structure is maximized is divided into a plurality of grids with a predetermined number of grids, the cost of the grid is minimized in the area of the grid. The method for designing a building structure according to claim 4, wherein a length Lx of the girder in the first direction and a length Ly of the girder in the second direction are determined. A pillar provided at intervals along a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to each other in plan view, and spanned between the pillars adjacent to each other in each of the first direction and the second direction. A building structure design support program executed by a computer device for supporting design of a building structure provided with a large beam,
The floor of the building structure has a rectangular shape in plan view in which the pillars are located at the four corners and sides are formed by the large beams installed between the pillars adjacent to each other in the first direction and the second direction. When divided into multiple by the grid of
Said computer device,
Means for calculating the cost of the plurality of types of grids when the length Lx of the girder in the first direction and the length Ly of the girder in the second direction are varied by unit length;
Design support program for building structures characterized by functioning as A step of designing a building structure by the building structure design method according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
Building the building structure;
A construction method for a building structure characterized by comprising:

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