JP2017096527A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion device for performing a stable supply of fuel to perform a stable combustion under a specified moisture condition in fuel to be supplied.SOLUTION: This invention relates to a combustion device 11 comprising a combustion chamber 21; a fuel tank 61 for supplying solid fuel F to the combustion chamber 21 and storing the solid fuel F; a fuel tank 61 for transferring fuel and supplying it to the combustion chamber 21; a combustion part 31 arranged at a lower part of the combustion chamber 21 to mount the solid fuel F to ignite it; a combustion air supply part 41 for blowing air into the combustion part 31; and a heat exchanging part 51 for heating liquid with combustion gas generated at the combustion chamber 21. Within the fuel tank 61 are arranged hot air blowing-out ports 62 for blowing out and injecting the hot air heat exchanged with hot water generated at the heat exchanging part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fuel tank that stores fuel of a combustion apparatus that burns wood solid fuel, and more particularly to a fuel tank that stores fuel while being dried.

Patent Document 1 “Solid Fuel Combustion Device” includes “FIG. 6 is a system configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. (16a) and a second stage supply unit (16b) are provided with a fuel drying device (40) and a fuel crushing device (41) "(Patent Document 1 [0045]. reference).
Further, “the fuel drying device (40) has a drum (44) rotated by a motor (42) and a gear (43), a hopper (45) provided in the drum (44), and a drum (44). The solid fuel supplied from the first stage supply section (16a) is sent from the hopper (45) to the rotating drum (44), and from the blower (46). The gas generated in the drum (44) is exhausted from the exhaust port (52) "(Patent Document 1). [0046]).

Furthermore, in the second embodiment, since the solid fuel dried by the fuel drying device (40) and finely crushed by the fuel crushing device (41) is supplied to the boiler (A), the combustion efficiency is further improved. Is described "(see Patent Document 1 [0048]).
Furthermore, there is an illustration of “FIG. 6”.

In Patent Document 2 “Heat Exchanger-Integrated Combustion Furnace”, “a screw conveyor 17 as a fuel supply unit for supplying fuel is installed on the side surface of the combustion chamber 8. The screw conveyor 17 has a cylindrical shape. One end of a casing 18 and a feed screw 19 that is disposed in the casing 18 and is rotationally driven and connected to a charging pipe 20 through which fuel is guided is disclosed (Patent Document 2 [0040]). See [Solution].
Furthermore, there is an illustration of “FIG. 1”.

Patent Document 3 “Combustion Device and Combustion Method” states that “According to this configuration, air heated by the rooster is supplied to the solid fuel on the rooster through the ventilation space of the rooster, and the solid fuel on the rooster is heated. Then, drying proceeds. "(See Patent Document 3 [0008]).
Furthermore, “the plate-like member of the rooster includes a plate-like member in which a cut is formed at an end on the inclined portion side, and a part of the air that has passed through the ventilation space is raised in the cut. According to this configuration, air heated by the solid fuel through the ventilation space is likely to reach the solid fuel, the degree of drying of the solid fuel is further increased, and ignition of the solid fuel is further facilitated. Is disclosed (see Patent Document 3 [0011]).
Furthermore, there are illustrations of “FIG. 3” and “FIG. 7”.

JP-A-2005-300022 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-25642 JP 2011-242109 A

  The “solid fuel combustion device” described in Patent Document 1, the “heat exchanger integrated combustion furnace” described in Patent Document 2, and the “combustion device and combustion method” described in Patent Document 2 include the moisture conditions of the fuel in the fuel tank. There is no description or illustration that the fuel is stabilized by supplying a stable fuel at a constant level.

  The present invention provides a fuel supply unit or a fuel tank for storing fuel of a combustion apparatus that burns wood solid fuel, stabilizes the moisture condition of the supplied fuel, supplies the fuel stably, and stabilizes the combustion. For the purpose.

The combustion apparatus of the present invention comprises:
A combustion chamber;
A fuel tank for supplying solid fuel to the combustion chamber and storing solid fuel;
A fuel supply section for conveying fuel and supplying it to the combustion chamber;
A combustion section that is provided in a lower portion of the combustion chamber, and in which solid fuel is placed and burned;
A combustion air supply section for blowing air into the combustion section;
A heat exchange section that heats the liquid with combustion gas generated from the combustion chamber;
Have
Inside the fuel tank, there is provided a hot air outlet that blows out hot air that has been heat-exchanged from the hot water generated in the heat exchanger.

In addition, the combustion apparatus of the present invention includes:
A supply port for supplying the fuel in the fuel tank to the transport unit is provided at the bottom of the fuel tank, and a scraping blade for scraping out the fuel is provided at the supply port.

In addition, the combustion apparatus of the present invention includes:
A stirring blade for stirring the fuel in the fuel tank is provided in the central portion of the fuel tank.

In addition, the combustion apparatus of the present invention includes:
A first transport unit comprising a screw conveyor with one end facing the supply port of the fuel tank;
A paddle part provided below the discharge side of the first transport part;
And a second transport unit comprising a screw conveyor having one end facing below the paddle and the other end connected to the combustion chamber.

In addition, the combustion apparatus of the present invention includes:
An air outlet that blows air into the transport unit is provided upstream of the second transport unit through which the fuel is transported.

According to the present invention, it is possible to supply fuel stably while keeping the moisture condition of the fuel in the fuel tank constant. Therefore, combustion is stabilized.
When the scraping blade is provided, the fuel is stably supplied from the supply port by the scraping blade.

When the stirring blade for stirring the fuel in the fuel tank is provided, the fuel is stirred by the stirring blade and the drying efficiency is improved.
In the case where a paddle part is provided between the first transport part made of a screw conveyor and the second transport part made of a screw conveyor, the amount of fuel supplied is stably and stably supplied by the paddle part.
When a blowout port for blowing air into the transfer unit is provided upstream from the second transfer unit consisting of a screw conveyor, a blowout from the fuel tank side due to the backflow of fumes generated in the combustion chamber is made by the blowout port. Can be prevented.

1 is a front sectional view of a combustion apparatus and a fuel tank according to an example according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is FIG. 1 AA sectional drawing of the combustion apparatus which concerns on the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing of the heat exchange part of the combustion apparatus which concerns on the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is back explanatory drawing which shows the Example for blowing warm air to the fuel tank which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. 1 which concerns on the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing of the fuel tank which concerns on the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is EE sectional drawing of FIG. It is side surface sectional drawing of the fuel tank which concerns on the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is FF sectional drawing of FIG. It is side surface sectional drawing of the fuel tank which concerns on the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is FF sectional drawing of FIG. It is a use condition figure which attached the stirring blade to FIG. 1 which concerns on the Example which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

An example according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
11 is a combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The combustion device 11 includes a combustion chamber 21 in the lower part of the interior, a heat exchange unit 51 on the side thereof, and a fuel tank 61 on the left side of FIG. The fuel tank 61 and the combustion chamber 21 are connected by a fuel supply unit 71.
31 is a combustion part. The combustion part 31 consists of a combustion plate. The combustion part 31 is provided in the lower part of the combustion chamber 21, and places and burns solid fuel F such as wood chips or pellets.

The combustion part 31 consists of a plate-shaped body which consists of a V-shaped cross section. Combustion section 31 is composed of two plate-like bodies 312 and 313 with both ends in contact with each other so as to have a V-shaped cross section, and divided into two with the center of combustion section 31 having a V-shaped cross section as a boundary Is done.
A plurality of rows of slits 311 for dropping ash and burned residue are provided on the surface of the burning part 31. On one surface of the V-shaped cross section of the combustion section 31, a convex object 33, which is a metal fitting made of a convex shape with a cross-section inverted V-shaped plate, is installed. A plurality of hole-shaped first air supply ports 331 are provided on the surface of the convex object 33.
32 is an ignition burner. The ignition burner 32 is for igniting the solid fuel F. In this embodiment, air heated to high temperature by an electric heater is injected to ignite.
22 is a refractory brick. The refractory brick 22 is laminated around the inside of the combustion chamber 21 to insulate it.

41 is a combustion air supply part. The combustion air supply unit 41 has a pipe shape, and includes a first combustion air supply unit 42, a second combustion air supply unit 43, a transport unit air supply unit 46, and a heater blower air supply unit 47. The combustion air supply unit 41 blows air into the portion by the intake fan 44.
45 is a branch of the combustion air supply unit 41. In the branch 45, as shown in FIG. 1, the combustion air supply unit 41 extending from the intake fan 44 side includes a first combustion air supply unit 42, a second combustion air supply unit 43, and a transport unit air supply unit. 46 and the air supply unit 47 for supplying air to the heater.

The first combustion air supply unit 42 blows in air supplied from the intake fan 44 from below the combustion unit 31 toward the solid fuel F side. The second combustion air supply unit 43 blows air supplied from the intake fan 44 into the combustion chamber 21 from the side surface above the upper surface of the combustion unit 31.
Air supplied from the intake fan 44 into the combustion chamber 21 from the side of the first combustion air supply unit 42 and the combustion unit 31 below or from the side surface above the upper surface of the combustion unit 31 by the second combustion air supply unit 43. The solid fuel F is burned efficiently by blowing in.
The heater blower air supply unit 47 supplies air from behind the ignition burner 32.
The conveyance unit air supply unit 46 blows air to the fuel supply unit 71 and ejects it in the conveyance direction.
The ignition burner 32 heats the electric heater and ignites the solid fuel F by the air supplied by the heater air supply unit 47.

The liquid chamber 53 is installed as a liquid tank along the inside of the combustion device 11 and the combustion chamber 21. The liquid is stored in the liquid chamber 53 in these embodiments.
52 is a smoke pipe. The smoke pipe 52 is installed through the liquid chamber 53. The smoke pipe 52 is provided in a vertical direction in a liquid chamber 53 including a water chamber in which a liquid heated by the smoke pipe 52 through which combustion gas passes is stored. As shown in FIG. 3, the smoke pipe 52 includes an input side smoke pipe 521 through which combustion gas passes downward from the upper part of the combustion chamber 21, and an exhaust side smoke pipe through which the combustion gas passed downward passes upward on the discharge side. 522.
A plurality of input side smoke pipes 521 and a plurality of discharge side smoke pipes 522 are provided. In this embodiment, the input side smoke pipe 521 and the discharge side smoke pipe 522 are collected to form a group. For this reason, the ventilation of the combustion gas is not easily disturbed.

51 is a heat exchange part. The heat exchange part 51 is provided on the side of the combustion chamber 21. The heat exchanging part 51 includes a cylindrical smoke pipe 52 provided on the side of the combustion chamber 21 and a liquid chamber 53 positioned around the smoke pipe 52.
A heat exchanging part 51 is provided for heating liquid in the combustion gas generated from the combustion chamber 21, in this embodiment water. In the heat exchange unit 51, the liquid is heated with the combustion gas generated from the combustion chamber 21. In this embodiment, the liquid is water, but other liquids may be used.

  54 is a spiral material. The spiral member 54 is formed by spirally forming a metal strip or rod. The center of the spiral material 54 in the longitudinal direction is a cylinder 541 having both ends opened, and a metal strip or rod-like material is formed around the cylinder 541 in a spiral shape. The combustion gas moves while swirling along the spiral material 54, and the movement distance of the combustion gas can be earned.

A spiral member 54 is inserted into each smoke tube 52.
The spiral member 54 is provided so as to be vertically movable, rotatable, or rotatable in the smoke pipe.
Since not only the cylindrical smoke pipe 52 but also the spiral material (screw) 54 is placed in the smoke pipe 52, a swirling flow is generated, and the residence time of the smoke in the smoke pipe 52 is lengthened. Therefore, heat exchange can be performed efficiently. By drawing the smoke for a long time, soot and the like are easily removed.
By moving the spiral member 54 in the cylindrical smoke tube 52, it becomes easy to remove the soot accumulated in the smoke tube 52 or the oxide film adhering to the surface of the smoke tube or the spiral member.

Reference numeral 523 denotes a recovery unit for ash that has fallen from the combustion unit 31. A dust collection chamber 57 that can receive and take out dust in the combustion gas is provided below the smoke pipe 52 of the heat exchange unit 51.
Reference numeral 524 denotes a chimney. The chimney 524 is installed on the downstream side of the discharge side smoke pipe 522 and exhausts the combustion gas.
By the spiral material provided in the smoke pipe 52, the passing combustion gas passes spirally, and dust and ash contained in the combustion gas passing through the smoke pipe 52 are separated and fall into the dust collecting chamber 57 below and trapped. Can be collected.
The helical material 54 does not allow the combustion gas to pass through the smoke pipe 52 in a straight line, so that the heat of the combustion gas can be effectively transferred from the smoke pipe to the heated water.
By rotating the spiral member 54, the soot and the oxide film adhering to the surface of the smoke tube 52 spiral member 54 are cleaned.

Reference numeral 61 denotes a fuel tank in which solid fuel F is stored. Reference numeral 611 denotes a bottom surface of the fuel tank 61. Reference numeral 64 denotes a supply port. The solid fuel F is supplied to the outside of the fuel tank 61 from the supply port 64.
62 is a warm air outlet. The supplied hot air is discharged from the hot air outlet 62. 63 is a scraping blade. The scraping blade 63 is provided at the lower part of the fuel tank 61, and scrapes the solid fuel F to the supply port 64 by rotating around the rotation shaft.

In FIG. 9, 65 is a stirring blade, and 651 is a stirring blade rotating shaft. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 9, the stirring blade rotating shaft 651 is provided in the vertical direction from the bottom surface 611, and the stirring blade 65 is attached to the periphery. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the stirring blade 65 is formed in a screw shape and is provided in the vertical direction from the bottom surface 611 of the fuel tank 61 and is rotated by the stirring blade rotating shaft 651. The stirring blade 65 can be removed to be in the state shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, 652 is a motor, 653 and 654 are sprockets, and 655 is a chain. The sprocket 653 is attached to the motor rotation shaft 656 of the motor 652. The sprocket 654 is attached to the stirring blade rotating shaft 651. The chain 655 is bridged between the sprocket 653 and the sprocket 654.
Therefore, the driving force of the motor 652 is transmitted through the sprocket 653, the chain 655, the sprocket 654, and the stirring blade rotating shaft 651, and the stirring blade 65 rotates. The solid fuel F is agitated by the screw-shaped stirring blade 65, and the solid fuel F is moved upward.

Reference numeral 71 denotes a fuel supply unit. The fuel supply unit 71 is installed below the fuel tank 61.
72 is a 1st conveyance part. The 1st conveyance part 72 consists of screw conveyors. The first transport unit 72 is installed with the carry-in port 721 provided at one end facing the supply port 64 of the fuel tank 61. A discharge port 722 is provided at the other end of the first transport unit 72.
73 is a paddle part. The paddle unit 73 is installed below the discharge port 722 of the first transport unit 72. The paddle part 73 rotates about the rotation center as a rotation axis, and intermittently supplies the solid fuel F quantitatively.

A sprocket 723 is attached to one end of the first transport unit 72. A sprocket 731 is attached to one end of the paddle portion 73. A chain 724 is bridged between the sprocket 723 and the sprocket 731.
A sprocket 732 is attached to an intermediate portion of the paddle portion 73. A sprocket 743 is attached to one end of the second transport unit 74. A chain 733 is bridged between the sprocket 732 and the sprocket 743.
75 is a motor. The rotation shaft of the motor is attached to the second transport unit 74. Therefore, when the motor 75 is rotated, the second transport unit 74 is driven. The driving of the second transport unit 74 is transmitted through the sprocket 743, the chain 733, and the sprocket 732 to drive the paddle unit 73. The driving of the paddle unit 73 is transmitted via the sprocket 731, the chain 724, and the sprocket 723 to drive the first transport unit 72.
Since the four plate-shaped paddles are rotating as shown in FIG. 7, the paddle part 73 stops the paddles as shown in FIG. 8 in contact with the wall surface when the rotation stops. Then, the fuel tank 61 side and the combustion chamber 21 side can be shut off. For this reason, when a combustion gas or a flame flows backward from the combustion chamber 21 side, the backward flow to the fuel tank 61 side can be prevented.

74 is a 2nd conveyance part. The 2nd conveyance part 74 consists of screw conveyors. As for the 2nd conveyance part 74, the entrance 741 provided in the end is installed in the paddle part 73 lower part. A discharge port 742 is provided at the other end of the second transport unit 74. The discharge port 742 is installed beside the combustion unit 31.
Reference numeral 461 denotes an air outlet. The air ejection port 461 is provided at the discharge port 722 in the first transport unit 72 on the upstream side of the second transport unit through which the fuel is transported. The air ejection port 461 blows air into the upstream conveyance unit from the second conveyance unit 74 and ejects the solid fuel F in the conveyance direction.
In this embodiment, the air ejection hole 461 is provided on the upstream side of the paddle part 73, but may be provided on the downstream side of the paddle part 73.
From the hot air outlet 62 of the fuel tank 61, hot air generated from the hot water generated in the heat exchanging unit 51 is blown out, and the solid fuel F is heated by the hot air and dried, while the fuel tank 61 61 is scraped out by a scraping blade 63, and is supplied from the supply port 64 to the combustion unit 31 by the first transport unit 72, the paddle unit 73, and the second transport unit 74.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the moisture condition of the solid fuel F to be supplied can be made constant and the fuel can be supplied stably. This stabilizes combustion.
Further, the fuel is stably supplied from the supply port 64 by the scraping blade 63.
When the spiral stirring blade 65 for stirring the fuel in the fuel tank 61 is provided, the fuel is stirred and the drying efficiency is improved.
By providing the paddle part 73 between the first transport part 72 made of a screw conveyor and the second transport part 74 made of a screw conveyor, the supply amount of the solid fuel F can be supplied stably and accurately.

A blowout from the fuel tank 61 side due to the backflow of the fumes generated in the combustion chamber 21 is provided on the upstream side of the second conveyance unit 74 formed of a screw conveyor by providing an air jet port 461 for blowing air into the conveyance unit. Can be prevented.
From the lower side of the combustion unit 31 by the first combustion air supply unit 42 or from the side surface above the upper surface of the combustion unit 31 into the combustion chamber 21 by the second combustion air supply unit 43 or the air supply unit 47 for blowing the heater. The air supplied from the intake fan 44 to the transport part air chest cavity part 46 is supplied with its pressure adjusted.

In FIG. 4, an example for blowing hot air to the fuel tank 61 will be described.
A part of the hot water generated by the heat exchange unit 51 of the combustion apparatus 11 is taken out by the pump 26, hot air is generated by the hot air generator 27 provided outside, and blown to the fuel tank 61.
The hot air generating unit 27 includes a radiator 25 and a blower fan 24. The hot air generator 27 causes the hot water taken out by the pump 26 to flow into the radiator 25 through the pipe 233. Next, the hot air generating unit 27 blows air to the radiator 25 by the blower fan 24 to generate hot air, and the hot air ducts 251 and 252 blow the air into the fuel tank 61.

The hot water sent to the radiator 25 is subjected to heat exchange at the radiator 25 portion, and returned to the combustion device 11 side through the pipe 234 again. The warm air sent to the fuel tank 61 by the warm air ducts 251 and 252 is ejected from the warm air outlet 62. The hot air outlet 62 is configured by providing a large number of holes in the side surface of the corner portion of the fuel tank 61, and the hot air is blown to the stored solid fuel F to be dried. The hot air outlet 62 is not limited to the one provided with a large number of holes, and may have any structure that can discharge wind without spilling solid fuel F such as a wire mesh. Moreover, you may change the magnitude | size and shape of a hole in an up-down position. Alternatively, the fuel tank 61 may be cylindrical and the hot air outlet 62 may be provided on the circumferential surface.
Hot water generated by the combustion device 11 is taken out by a pump 260 through a pipe 231 provided on the back side, and is used for heating a facility such as a farmhouse. The used and cooled hot water is returned to the combustion device 11 through the pipe 232.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Combustion apparatus 21 Combustion chamber 31 Combustion part 41 Combustion air supply part 42 1st combustion air supply part 43 2nd combustion air supply part 461 Air jet outlet 51 Heat exchange part 61 Fuel tank 62 Hot air blowing outlet 63 Scraping blade 65 Stirring blade 651 Stirrer blade rotation shaft 71 Fuel supply unit 72 First transport unit 73 Paddle unit 74 Second transport unit F Solid fuel

Claims (5)

A combustion chamber;
A fuel tank for supplying solid fuel to the combustion chamber and storing solid fuel;
A fuel supply section for conveying fuel and supplying it to the combustion chamber;
A combustion section that is provided in a lower portion of the combustion chamber, and in which solid fuel is placed and burned;
A combustion air supply section for blowing air into the combustion section;
A heat exchange section that heats the liquid with combustion gas generated from the combustion chamber;
Have
A combustion apparatus characterized in that a hot air outlet is provided in the fuel tank to blow and blow hot air heat-exchanged from hot water generated in a heat exchange section. At the bottom of the fuel tank, a supply port for supplying the fuel in the fuel tank to the transport unit is provided, and a scraping blade for scraping out the fuel to the supply port is provided.
The combustion apparatus according to claim 1. A stirring blade for stirring the fuel in the fuel tank is provided at the center in the fuel tank, and has a stirring blade rotating shaft in the vertical direction.
The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. A first transport unit comprising a screw conveyor with one end facing the supply port of the fuel tank;
A paddle part provided below the discharge side of the first transport part;
A second conveying part comprising a screw conveyor with one end facing below the paddle part and the other end connected to the combustion chamber;
The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3. An air outlet that blows air into the transport unit is provided upstream of the second transport unit to which the fuel is transported.
The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, or claim 4.

Images