JP2017093288A - Light shielding device and light shielding agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light shielding agent which enables rapid shielding against light incident on a solar light panel by applying to a solar light panel surface, and a light shielding device.SOLUTION: A light shielding device 1 according to the present invention comprises: a light shielding agent-storing part 3 for storing a light shielding agent in a high-viscosity state; a discharge nozzle 5 connected with the light shielding agent-storing part 3 through a discharge tube 7; pressure-applying means 11 for applying a pressure to the light shielding agent in the light shielding agent-storing part; and an on-off valve 9 provided on the discharge tube 7. In the light shielding agent, a substance imparting a viscosity to water is dispersed at a rate of 1.5-40 wt%. The light shielding agent ejected from the discharge nozzle 5 and applied to a solar light panel remains staying on the solar light panel without flowing down therefrom.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a light-shielding agent that shields a target surface by applying it to the surface of the target, such as a solar panel, a light-shielding device for the target surface, and a method for shielding the target surface.

  In a general residential solar power generation system, a solar cell array (hereinafter, this solar cell array is referred to as a solar panel) composed of solar cell modules connected in series and parallel is installed on the roof of a house. Yes. And the output from a solar panel is connected to the power conditioner via the relay terminal box, and it is comprised so that desired electric power may be obtained (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP 2013-110290 A

While the photovoltaic power generation system has become widespread, it has been regarded as a problem that a fire occurs due to the photovoltaic power generation system.
Even if a fire occurs from the solar panel, power generation is continued if sunlight is applied to the solar panel during sunshine. Even at night, power generation may be continued by irradiating the solar panel with a flame during a fire.

If water discharge for fire extinguishing is performed while the power generation by the solar panel is continued, there is a risk that a person or the like who is performing fire extinguishing activities by the electricity generated by the solar panel may receive an electric shock.
Therefore, in the event of a fire, development of a light shielding agent and a light shielding device capable of stopping power generation by simply shielding the solar panel from the outside has been desired.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is a light-blocking agent that can quickly block light incident on the surface of a target by applying it to the surface of the target such as a solar panel, and the surface of the target An object of the present invention is to provide a light shielding device and a method for shielding a target surface.

In order to urgently shield the surface of the solar panel, for example, in the event of a fire, it may be possible to spray and apply a light-shielding agent to the surface of the solar panel.
However, since the surface of the solar panel is glass and is installed so as to be inclined along the inclined surface of the roof of the house, if the light-shielding agent is not viscous, it will flow down even if it is sprayed. .
On the other hand, when the light-shielding agent has a high viscosity, it is not easy to spray and spray.

  In this way, as a shading agent that is applied by spraying onto a glassy and inclined surface such as the surface of a solar panel, the viscosity is low at the time of spraying, and the viscosity becomes high after application. Is required.

Therefore, the inventor has focused on a substance having a property (thixotropic property) in which the viscosity decreases and becomes liquid when subjected to shearing stress, and has considered to construct a light-shielding agent using such a substance.
The present invention is based on such knowledge, and specifically comprises the following configuration.

(1-1) The light-shielding device according to the present invention is a light-shielding device that shields a light-shielding agent that covers the surface of the solar panel in order to reduce the light transmittance to the solar panel. A pressure is applied to the light-shielding agent in the light-shielding agent storage unit that stores the light-shielding agent in a highly viscous state, a radiation nozzle connected to the light-shielding agent storage unit via a radiation tube, A pressurizing means and an on-off valve provided in the radiation tube, wherein the light-shielding agent disperses a substance that gives water viscosity at a ratio of 1.5 wt% to 40 wt%, The light-shielding agent radiated and applied to the solar panel stays on the solar panel without flowing down.

(1-2) The light-shielding agent according to the present invention is a light-shielding agent that covers the surface of the solar panel in order to reduce the light transmittance to the solar panel, and the light-shielding agent is a swellable layered clay. And the light-shielding pigment is dispersed in water, and the light-shielding pigment contains an amount capable of reducing the light transmittance so as to suppress the output of the solar panel. It has thixotropy, stays without flowing down from the inclined solar panel surface, and maintains the light shielding effect.

(1) The light-shielding agent according to the present invention is a light-shielding agent used to shield light incident on the target surface by being sprayed and applied to the target surface. It is characterized by having a thixotropic property, in which a functional pigment is dispersed in water.
(2) Further, in the above (1), the swellable layered clay mineral is bentonite or smectite.
(3) Further, in the above (1), the swellable layered clay mineral is smectite, and the concentration thereof is 1.5% by weight to 40% by weight.
(4) Further, in any of the above (1) to (3), the light-shielding pigment is composed of titanium oxide and carbon black.
(5) Further, in the above (4), the ratio of titanium oxide and carbon black is characterized in that the titanium oxide is 40 and the carbon black is 60 with respect to the weight ratio.
(6) A light shielding method for a target surface according to the present invention is a light shielding method using the light shielding agent according to any one of (1) to (5) above,
A step of applying a positive pressure or a negative pressure to the light-shielding agent stored in the storage portion to apply a shearing force to the light-shielding agent to lower the viscosity, and a target of the light-shielding agent that has become liquid by reducing the viscosity And a step of shielding light by radiating the object surface and covering the surface of the target object.
(7) A light-shielding device for a target surface according to the present invention includes a light-shielding agent housing portion that houses the light-shielding agent according to any one of the above (1) to (5), and a radiation nozzle at a tip thereof. A radiation tube that forms a delivery path from the storage unit to the radiation nozzle, a first on-off valve that opens and closes the delivery path in the radiation tube, and a radiation from the radiation nozzle to the light shielding agent of the light shielding agent storage unit Pressure applying means for applying a positive pressure or a negative force for applying a force to be applied, and a controller for controlling the opening and closing of the first on-off valve.
(8) Further, in the above-described (7), the gelling agent storage portion for storing the gelling agent, and the gelling agent storage portion and the light shielding agent storage portion or the radiation tube are provided. A gelling agent supply path for supplying the gelling agent, and a third on-off valve provided in the gelling agent supply path to open and close the gelling agent supply path. In addition to controlling one open / close valve, it has a function of controlling the opening / closing of the third open / close valve.
(9) Further, the light-shielding agent according to the present invention is a light-shielding agent used to shield light incident on the target surface by spraying and applying to the target surface,
A liquid thickener and a light-shielding pigment, which are mainly composed of an acrylic acid polymer and mixed with water to increase the viscosity of water, are dispersed in water.
(10) Moreover, the light-shielding device which concerns on this invention has the light-shielding agent as described in said (9) and two radiation nozzles which radiate | emit the said light-shielding agent, and inject | emits the said thickener from one radiation nozzle. The mixture of the light-shielding pigment and water is ejected from the other radiation nozzle.
(11) Further, the light-shielding agent according to the present invention is characterized in that a water-based adhesive is further added to any one of the above (1) to (5) or (9).

  The light-shielding agent according to the present invention is a light-shielding agent used to shield light incident on the target surface by being sprayed onto the target surface, and comprises a swellable layered clay mineral, a light-shielding pigment, Is dispersed in water and has thixotropy, so that it is in a highly viscous state in the storage state, but by applying pressure or the like to this to apply a shear force, it becomes a liquid with reduced viscosity, Radiation becomes possible and can be injected onto the surface of the target. And after apply | coating to the surface of a target object, since viscosity remains high and it stays on the target object surface without flowing down, the light-shielding effect can be maintained.

It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the light-shielding apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the light-shielding apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the light-shielding apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the light-shielding apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is a graph which shows the experimental result in Example 2 (the 1). It is a graph which shows the experimental result in Example 2 (the 2). It is a graph which shows the experimental result in Example 2 (the 3). 10 is a graph showing experimental results in Example 3. 10 is a graph showing experimental results in Example 4. It is explanatory drawing explaining arrangement | positioning of the water discharge nozzle and solar panel of experiment in Example 5. FIG. In the experiment shown in Example 5, it is a photograph when the light-shielding agent is radiated to the solar panel. It is explanatory drawing explaining other arrangement | positioning of the water discharge nozzle of an experiment in Example 5, and a solar panel.

[Embodiment 1]
A light-shielding agent according to an embodiment of the present invention is a light-shielding agent used to shield light incident on a target surface by spraying and coating the target surface, and is a swellable layered clay mineral And a light-shielding pigment are dispersed in water and have thixotropic properties.

Details will be described below.
<Target surface>
An example of the target surface is the surface of a solar panel.
<Swellable layered clay mineral>
Examples of the swellable layered clay mineral include smectite and bentonite.
Smectite and bentonite become thixotropic substances by dispersing in water.

  “Thixotropy” is a property exhibited by an intermediate substance between a plastic solid such as a gel and a non-Newtonian liquid such as a sol, and the viscosity changes with time. Specifically, by applying a predetermined shearing force by stirring or shaking, the viscosity decreases and becomes liquid, while the viscosity decreases and the mixture is left for a certain period of time. , A characteristic in which the viscosity gradually increases and finally becomes solid.

  The reason why the light-shielding agent has thixotropy is that it can be applied by spraying onto an inclined glass surface, for example, as a solar panel, and does not flow down after application.

  In order to give viscosity so that it does not flow down, in the case of smectite, it is preferable to disperse it in water at a ratio of 1.5 wt% to 40 wt%. This is because if it is less than 1.5% by weight, the viscosity will be low and it will flow down when applied.

On the other hand, if it exceeds 40% by weight, a large shearing force is required to make it liquid, so that it is difficult to mix the light-shielding pigment with water in which smectite is dispersed.
The appropriate concentration of smectite is demonstrated in Example 1 described later.
<Light-shielding pigment>
Examples thereof include titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, ferric oxide, and carbon black.
The light-shielding effect when titanium oxide is used as the light-shielding pigment is demonstrated in Example 2 described later.

<Light shielding agent>
As described above, the light shielding agent of the present embodiment is configured by dispersing a swellable layered clay mineral and a light shielding pigment in water.
As a dispersion method, for example, an aqueous solution of a swellable layered clay mineral is generated, and a light-shielding pigment is added to the aqueous solution and stirred. As a stirring method, for example, a mixer is used.

Note that, by adding a gelling agent that is an organic compound to the light-shielding agent, the light-shielding agent can be gelled over time, so that the light-shielding agent can be more strongly fixed to the target.
When the gelling agent is added, it is preferable to add the light shielding agent immediately before radiating from the radiation nozzle.

  In the case of the light-shielding agent of the present embodiment as described above, the viscosity is high in the storage state, but by applying a pressure or the like to this and applying a shearing force, the liquid is reduced in viscosity. Since the light-shielding agent becomes liquid, radiation is possible and it can be applied to the surface of the target.

And after apply | coating to the surface of a target object, since viscosity remains high and it stays on the target object surface without flowing down, the light-shielding effect can be maintained.
In addition, it demonstrates in Example 5 mentioned later whether the light-shielding agent is actually radiated | emitted from a radiation nozzle and it can apply | coat to a solar panel with a predetermined | prescribed film thickness.

  As a method for applying the light-shielding agent of the present embodiment to the surface of a target such as a solar panel, it is conceivable to radiate from a radiation nozzle by a light-shielding device as shown in embodiments 4 to 7 described later. In addition, for example, it is conceivable that a light-shielding agent is sealed in a ball-shaped container that ruptures when it hits the target object, such as a crime prevention color ball, and is projected toward the target object.

  Since most of the light shielding agent of the present embodiment is moisture, it also has a fire extinguishing action. For example, it can be used as a light shielding agent and a fire extinguishing agent at a fire site.

[Embodiment 2]
The light-shielding agent of the present embodiment is obtained by dispersing two types of the swellable layered clay mineral shown in Embodiment 1 and the light-shielding pigment shown in Embodiment 1 in water.
Specifically, titanium oxide and carbon black are mixed as the light-shielding pigment.
The reason for mixing titanium oxide and carbon black is as follows.

  As a function of the light shielding agent of the present embodiment, there is a function of being able to radiate toward the target and attaching to the surface of the target after the radiation and maintaining the attached state, and shielding light by reflecting or absorbing light. It is necessary to demonstrate one function.

The former function is exhibited by smectite and bentonite, which are swellable layered clay minerals, and the latter function is exhibited by a light-shielding pigment.
However, since the swellable layered clay mineral has thixotropic properties and has a certain degree of viscosity, it is difficult to uniformly disperse the light-shielding pigment.
In particular, carbon black is excellent in light-shielding properties, but is inferior in dispersibility as compared with titanium oxide.

  How to effectively use a swellable layered clay mineral and a light-shielding pigment is effective for the two functions of adhesion to the target surface and light-shielding. Was examined.

  Titanium oxide is more dispersible in liquid than carbon black, but is inferior to carbon black in light-shielding properties. For this reason, the light shielding effect is not sufficient when titanium oxide is used alone.

  On the other hand, if carbon black is sufficiently dispersed in the liquid, the light shielding property is excellent. However, since the swellable lamellar clay mineral is a viscous liquid as described above, it is difficult to sufficiently disperse the carbon black. Therefore, when carbon black is dispersed alone in the swellable layered clay mineral, a sufficient light shielding effect cannot be obtained as in the case of titanium oxide when sufficient dispersion is not achieved.

Therefore, the inventor thought that mixing titanium oxide and carbon black would compensate for each other's weaknesses to provide a light-shielding agent with high light-shielding properties.
The light shielding agent of the present embodiment is based on such knowledge.

An example of the component composition of the light shielding agent according to the present embodiment is shown below.
It is preferable that 5% by weight of a light-shielding pigment made of a mixture of titanium oxide and carbon black is mixed with a 2.5% aqueous solution of smectite as a light-shielding agent, and the mixing ratio of titanium oxide and carbon black is 40:60.
Examples of titanium oxide include titanium (IV) oxide and rutile type.
The reason why the above ratio is preferable is demonstrated in Example 2 described later.

[Embodiment 3]
A light shielding method for shielding the surface of the solar panel using the light shielding agent as described above will be described.
The light shielding method according to the present embodiment is a light shielding method using the light shielding agent described in the first or second embodiment, and applies a positive pressure or a negative pressure to the light shielding agent stored in the storage unit. And applying a shearing force to the light-shielding agent to reduce the viscosity, and radiating the liquid-shielded light-shielding agent to the surface of the target object to cover the target, for example, the surface of the solar panel. And a step of shielding light.

[Embodiment 4]
Next, a light shielding device that can realize the light shielding method described in the third embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the light-shielding device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a light-shielding agent storage unit 3 that stores a light-shielding agent and a delivery nozzle from the light-shielding agent storage unit 3 to the radiation nozzle 5. Radiating tube 7, a first on-off valve 9 provided in the middle of the radiating tube 7 for opening and closing the delivery path, and a force radiated to the light shielding agent in the light shielding agent storage unit 3 (hereinafter referred to as radiation force) The pressurizing means 11 for applying a pressure for applying the first open / close valve 9 and the controller 13 for controlling the opening / closing of the first open / close valve 9 are provided.

Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail.
<Light shielding agent storage>
The light-shielding agent storage unit 3 is made by dispersing a swellable layered clay mineral and a light-shielding pigment in water, and stores a light-shielding agent having a thixotropic property (the light-shielding agent described in Embodiment 1 or 2). When the light shielding device 1 is configured to be portable so that an operator can carry it, the light shielding agent storage unit 3 is, for example, the backpack tank 17 described in the fifth embodiment. Also good.
Moreover, when the light-shielding device 1 is configured as an installation type, the light-shielding agent storage unit 3 may be, for example, a stationary storage tank.

<Radiation tube>
The radiation tube 7 is a member that communicates with the light shielding agent storage unit 3, has a radiation nozzle 5 at the tip, and forms a delivery path from the light shielding agent storage unit 3 to the radiation nozzle 5. For example, the radiation tube 7 can be made of a flexible hose made of resin, for example, or can be made of a metal pipe having no flexibility.

<First on-off valve>
The first on-off valve 9 is a valve that is provided in the middle of the radiation tube 7 and opens and closes the light-shading agent delivery path.
<Pressurizing means>
The pressurizing means 11 applies a pressure for applying a radiation force to the light shielding agent in the light shielding agent storage unit 3 and is, for example, a nitrogen gas cylinder, a water supply pump, or an air compressor.

<Control unit>
The control unit 13 controls the opening / closing of the first opening / closing valve 9. The operation on the control unit 13 may be performed by an operator via, for example, a push button switch.

The operation of the light shielding device 1 configured as described above will be described.
When the operator operates the push button switch of the control unit 13, the first on-off valve 9 is opened by an instruction from the control unit 13, and the pressure serving as a radiation force is applied to the light shielding agent storage unit 3 by the pressurizing unit 11. Is done. When pressure is applied with the first on-off valve 9 being opened, the light shielding agent starts moving toward the radiation tube 7, and by this movement, a shearing force acts on the light shielding agent to lower the viscosity. Radiation is enabled by the reduced viscosity, and the light shielding agent is emitted from the radiation nozzle 5. The emitted light shielding agent adheres to a target, for example, a solar panel, and shields light incident on the solar panel. When the light-shielding agent attached to the surface of the solar panel is allowed to stand for a predetermined time, the viscosity gradually increases and finally becomes a solid state, and covers the surface of the solar panel and can stably shield light.

[Embodiment 5]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a light shielding device 15 according to another embodiment of the light shielding device of the present invention, and the same parts as those in FIG.

  The light shielding device 15 according to the present embodiment is an example in which a back tank 17 is used as a light shielding agent storage unit and a nitrogen gas cylinder 19 filled with nitrogen is used as a pressurizing unit. A supply pipe 21 for supplying nitrogen gas from the nitrogen gas cylinder 19 is provided with a second on-off valve 23. The control unit 13 performs opening / closing control of the second opening / closing valve 23 in addition to the first opening / closing valve 9.

  In the present embodiment configured as described above, the opening of the first on-off valve 9 and the second on-off valve 23 is controlled by the control unit 13 and nitrogen gas is supplied to the back tank 17 so that the back tank The liquid shading agent in 17 can be made liquid, and the liquid shading agent can be emitted toward, for example, a solar panel.

[Embodiment 6]
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a light shielding device 25 according to another embodiment of the light shielding device of the present invention, and the same parts as those in FIG. 1 or FIG.

  In the fifth embodiment, an embodiment has been described in which nitrogen gas is supplied from the nitrogen gas cylinder 19 so as to give a radiation force to the light shielding agent stored in the shoulder tank 17 serving as the light shielding agent accommodating portion. In the shading device 25, as shown in FIG. 3, the shading agent is put in a flexible medicine bag 27, the medicine bag 27 is stored in a tank 29, and pressurized water is supplied by a water supply pump 31 as a pressurizing means. The liquid is supplied into the tank 29.

  In the light shielding device 25 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 13 controls the water supply pump 31 to supply pressure water to the tank 29 and open the first on-off valve 9, thereby supplying the pressure supplied to the tank 29. The water compresses the medicine bag 27 to make the light shielding agent in the medicine bag 27 liquefied and add a radiation force to radiate the light shielding agent to the solar panel as the target through the radiation nozzle 5. it can.

[Embodiment 7]
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a light shielding device 33 according to another embodiment of the light shielding device of the present invention, and the same parts as those in FIGS.
In the examples shown in Embodiments 4 to 6, the example of radiating by applying a positive pressure to the light shielding agent accommodated in the light shielding agent accommodating portion has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  For example, as in the light shielding device 33 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a line proportioner 35 is provided in the middle of the radiation tube 7, and a light shielding agent stock solution (that is, a swellable layered structure) is provided in the light shielding agent storage portion 3. (Clay mineral and light-shielding pigment) are stored, and water is supplied from the water supply pump 31 to apply a negative pressure to the light-shielding agent stock solution to suck out the light-shielding agent stock solution to the radiation tube 7 side so that water and a predetermined concentration are obtained. You may make it radiate | mix as a light-shielding agent by mixing.

  As described in the first embodiment, when a gelling agent is added to the light-shielding agent, the gelling agent is stored in a storage unit different from the light-shielding agent storage unit 3 to emit the light-shielding agent. A gelling agent may be added to the light shielding agent immediately before. In this case, the gelling agent storage part and the light-shielding agent storage part 3 are connected by a pipe, a third on-off valve is provided in the pipe, and the control part 13 controls the opening / closing of the third on-off valve. .

An experiment for confirming an appropriate concentration when smectite is used as the swellable layered clay mineral used for the light-shielding agent will be described.

In the experiment, 0.1 mL of an aqueous solution of 1 to 3% by weight of smectite was dropped on tempered glass simulating a solar panel, the tempered glass was tilted at 80 degrees, and the amount of droplet movement for 10 minutes was measured.
The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

  As shown in Table 1, when the concentration was 1.0% by weight, the droplets flowed down and flowed down. At a concentration of 1.5% by weight, the droplet moved down 6 cm. On the other hand, when the concentration was 2.0% by weight or more, the droplets remained at the dropping position without moving.

  From this, it is possible to retain most of the light-shielding agent on the solar panel by setting the smectite concentration to 1.5% by weight or more. It was confirmed that even when applied, it did not flow down.

  An experiment was conducted to confirm the relationship between the film thickness and transmittance of the light shielding agent and the relationship between the film thickness and the light shielding effect on the solar panel.

The light-shielding agent used in the experiment was obtained by mixing a titanium oxide powder having a high reflectance with a smectite aqueous solution at 38% by weight.
FIG. 5 shows the transmittance when this light-shielding agent is applied to the glass surface with a film thickness of 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the transmittance of light having a light shielding agent film thickness of 0.1 mm and a wavelength of 1000 nm or less was about 1% or less. When the film thickness of the light shielding agent was 0.5 mm, the transmittance of light having a wavelength of 1000 nm or less was 0.2% or less. That is, it was found that the light-shielding ratio was higher when the film thickness was 0.5 mm than 0.1 mm.

  Next, the output of the Si solar cell was obtained by integrating the relative spectral sensitivity of sunlight AM1.5 and the Si solar panel at all wavelengths. Fig. 6 shows a graph of the irradiance of sunlight AM1.5 (indicated as AM1.5), a graph of relative spectral sensitivity of Si-based solar panels (indicated as Si-PV), and the Si-based solar panels. Output graph (AM1.5 x Si-PV) is shown.

  Furthermore, the output of the solar panel after light shielding was obtained by integrating the output of the Si solar panel by multiplying the spectral transmittance of the light shielding agent. Figure 7 shows the solar panel output graph (AM1.5 x Si-PV: expressed as 100%) when the light-shielding agent is not applied, and the solar panel output when the light-shielding agent thickness is 0.1 mm. (T = 0.1: 0.84%) and solar panel output graph when the thickness of the light shielding agent is 0.5 mm (t = 0.5: 0.08%).

  From the graph of FIG. 7, it was confirmed that the output of the solar panel can be suppressed to 0.84% when the film thickness of the light shielding agent is 0.1 mm, and the output of the solar panel can be suppressed to 0.08% when the film thickness of the light shielding agent is 0.5 mm. . That is, it was found that the film thickness is preferably 0.5 mm rather than 0.1 mm.

  In addition, AM of AM1.5 (abbreviation of Air Mass) here refers to the amount of air that passes through before sunlight reaches the ground surface. And AM1.5 indicates that the distance that sunlight passes through the atmosphere is 1.5 times when AM1 is the case where sunlight reaches the ground surface vertically, specifically, , Refers to sunlight incident at an angle of 41.8 degrees to the ground surface.

Next, an experiment for confirming the effect of a light shielding agent in which titanium oxide and carbon black are mixed as the light shielding pigment described in the second embodiment will be described.

In the experiment, 4.5% by weight of titanium oxide was dispersed in a 2.5% aqueous solution of smectite, 4.5% by weight of carbon black was dispersed, and 4.5% by weight of a mixture of titanium oxide and carbon black was dispersed. The transmittance is compared with the one (mixing ratio of titanium oxide and carbon black is 40:60). In addition, as a method of dispersing titanium oxide and carbon black in the aqueous solution of smectite, the aqueous solution of smectite and titanium oxide and / or carbon black are sealed in a container that can be stoppered, and this increases the stirring effect. A glass ball is put in and the container is shaken many times.
The film thickness of the light shielding agent was 0.1 mm.

The result of the experiment is shown in the graph of FIG. In the graph of FIG. 8, the vertical axis represents transmittance (%) and the horizontal axis represents light wavelength (nm).
As shown in the graph of FIG. 8, a mixture of titanium oxide and carbon black dispersed in an aqueous solution of smectite has the lowest transmittance, followed by carbon black alone, then titanium oxide alone. It was in order.

  From this experiment, it was proved that the light shielding effect was high when the mixture of titanium oxide and carbon black was dispersed in a smectite aqueous solution and the concentration of the light shielding pigment was the same.

In the case of dispersing a mixture of titanium oxide and carbon black in a smectite aqueous solution, an experiment was conducted to confirm the best light-shielding property by using a mixing ratio of titanium oxide and carbon black.

  In the experiment, assuming that 4.5% by weight of a mixture of titanium oxide and carbon black is dispersed in a 2.5% aqueous solution of smectite, the mixing ratio of titanium oxide and carbon black is changed, and light with a wavelength of 670 nm is reached. The transmittance is measured. The light with a wavelength of 670 nm is the light with the highest spectral irradiance (AM1.5 × Si-PV in FIG. 6) of the Si-based solar panel in the sunlight AM1.5 environment (see FIG. 6). ), The transmittance of the light shielding agent (light shielding performance) is measured using light of this wavelength.

  The experimental results are shown in the graph of FIG. In the graph of FIG. 9, the vertical axis represents transmittance (%), and the ratio (%) of titanium oxide as the light-shielding agent mixing ratio.

From the graph shown in FIG. 9, it was proved that the transmittance was the lowest and the light shielding property was excellent when the mixing ratio of titanium oxide and carbon black was 40:60.
The transmittance may be about 0.1%. For example, the mixing ratio of titanium oxide and carbon black may be from 25:75 to 60:40.

An experiment was conducted as to whether or not the light-shielding agent shown in Embodiments 1 and 2 could be emitted toward the solar panel and applied to the solar panel surface.

  The light-shielding agent used in the experiment is a mixture of a smectite aqueous solution and titanium oxide powder at 38% by weight. In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, the radiation method is such that the radiation nozzle 5 is installed at a height of 0.5 m above the ground, and the solar panel 37 is inclined at 30 ° at a position 5 m away from the radiation nozzle 5 (FIG. 11 ( The light shielding agent is radiated in (a).

  FIG. 11 is a photograph of the solar panel 37 used in the experiment. FIG. 11A shows a state before the light-shielding agent is applied, and FIG. 11B shows a state during the application of the light-shielding agent. FIG. 11 (c) shows a state after the light-shielding agent is applied.

As a result of the experiment, as shown in FIG. 11C, it was possible to apply the film almost uniformly to the entire surface of the solar panel 37 with a film thickness of 0.5 mm.
Furthermore, in order to confirm whether the same application | coating is possible also when it radiates | emits to the solar panel installed in the roof of a house, the experiment of radiation was conducted by arrangement | positioning as shown in FIG.

As a result, as in the case of FIG. 10, it was possible to apply the film almost uniformly to the entire surface of the solar panel 37 with a film thickness of 0.5 mm.
In the above-described embodiments and examples, the light shielding agent has been described as being configured by dispersing a swellable layered clay mineral and a light shielding pigment in water. Such a fiber may be added. In this case, even if the light shielding agent is radiated to the solar panel 37 and then dried, it is difficult for cracking to occur in the light shielding agent, and the light can be shielded for a longer time.

  Further, for example, clay (clay mineral) such as kaolin may be added instead of the light-shielding pigment constituting the light-shielding agent. In this case, although the light shielding performance of the clay is lower than that of the light shielding pigment, the particle diameter is larger than that of the light shielding pigment, so that cleaning after irradiating the solar panel 37 becomes easy. There is no problem as long as the film thickness at the time of adhering to the solar panel 37 is designed to be thicker as the light shielding performance is reduced by using clay instead of the light shielding pigment.

  Further, in the above embodiments and examples, as the constituent material of the light shielding agent, a swellable layered clay mineral such as smectite having thixotropy was used, but even if the substance does not have thixotropy, the viscosity of water It is also possible to use a thickener for increasing the viscosity instead of the swellable layered clay mineral by adjusting its concentration.

  For example, in the case of a liquid thickener (Senka Corporation: Senka Act Gel AP200) that has an acrylic acid-based polymer as a main component and is mixed with water to increase the viscosity of water, it is 2 to 3 wt. % Should be mixed.

  However, when the light-shielding agent is composed of a thickener mainly composed of water, a light-shielding pigment, and an acrylic acid polymer, depending on the concentration of the thickener, a swellable layered clay mineral having thixotropic properties is used. It is conceivable that it is more difficult to adhere to the solar panel 37 so as to stay securely.

  Therefore, an aqueous adhesive mainly composed of a synthetic resin emulsion (Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd .: Cricoat C-710) may be added to the light shielding agent having the above-described configuration. By adding this water-based adhesive, when the light-shielding agent mixed with the thickener mainly composed of an acrylic acid polymer is applied on the solar panel 37, the light-shielding agent becomes the surface of the solar panel 37. It can be attached to the solar panel 37 without falling off.

  In addition, since the water-based adhesive has both water retention and air permeability, the light-shielding agent applied on the solar panel 37 can be prevented from drying and cracking, so that the sunlight applied with the light-shielding agent can be prevented. The state can be maintained while the power generation of the panel 37 is stopped.

  The water-based adhesive may be preliminarily mixed with the light-shielding agent and then sprayed toward the solar panel 37. However, the water-based adhesive is sprayed toward the solar panel 37 before the light-shielding agent and preliminarily solar panel 37. You may make it adhere to the surface of.

  Further, the water-based adhesive may be added to a light-shielding agent constituted by dispersing a swellable layered clay mineral and a light-shielding pigment in water. Thereby, in addition to the thixotropic property, the light shielding agent also has an adhesive property, so that the light shielding agent can remain on the solar panel 37 more.

  Such water-based adhesives have the effects described above even when used in light-shielding agents to which fibers such as rock wool and wrinkles are added, or in light-shielding agents mixed with clay minerals such as kaolin instead of light-shielding pigments. I can expect.

  When the light-shielding agent is composed of a thickener mainly composed of water, a light-shielding pigment and an acrylic acid polymer, the viscosity increases when the thickener is mixed with water in advance, so that the swellable layered clay having thixotropic properties Compared with the case of using minerals, it may be difficult to inject.

  Therefore, for example, using a light-shielding device having two radiation nozzles, two radiation nozzles are provided facing the solar panel 37, and a mixed liquid of water and a light-shielding pigment is ejected from one radiation nozzle. Simultaneously with the injection of the liquid, a liquid thickener mainly composed of an acrylic acid polymer is injected from the other radiation nozzle.

  Thereby, on the solar panel 37, the said liquid mixture and a thickener collide and are mixed, water thickens, a light-shielding agent does not flow down on the solar panel 37, but light-shields on the solar panel 37. The agent can be easily applied.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light-shielding device, 3 Light-shielding agent accommodating part, 5 Radiation nozzle, 7 Radiation pipe, 9 1st on-off valve, 11 Pressurizing means, 13 Control part, 15 Light-shielding device, 17 Shoulder tank, 19 Nitrogen gas cylinder, 21 Exhaust pipe, 23 2nd on-off valve, 25 light-shielding device, 27 medicine bag, 29 tank, 31 water supply pump, 33 light-shielding device, 35 line proportioner, 37 solar panel.

Claims (5)

A light-shielding device that shields a light-shielding agent that covers the surface of the solar panel in order to reduce the light transmittance to the solar panel,
The shading device is
Applying pressure to the light-shielding agent in the light-shielding agent storage part for storing the light-shielding agent in a highly viscous state, a radiation nozzle connected to the light-shielding agent storage part via a radiation tube, and the light-shielding agent in the light-shielding agent storage part Pressure means, and an on-off valve provided in the radiation tube,
The light-shielding agent disperses a substance that makes water viscous at a ratio of 1.5 wt% to 40 wt%,
The light-shielding device, wherein the light-shielding agent radiated from the radiation nozzle and applied to the solar panel stays on the solar panel without flowing down. A light-shielding agent that covers the surface of the solar panel in order to reduce the light transmittance to the solar panel, the light-shielding agent is
Swellable layered clay mineral; and
Light-shielding pigments;
Are dispersed in water,
The light-shielding pigment includes an amount capable of reducing the light transmittance so as to suppress the output of the solar panel,
The light-shielding agent has thixotropic properties, stays without flowing down from the inclined solar panel surface, and maintains the light-shielding effect.   A light-shielding agent storage part that stores the light-shielding agent according to claim 2, a radiation tube that has a radiation nozzle at a tip thereof to form a delivery path from the light-shielding agent storage part to the radiation nozzle, and a delivery path in the radiation tube A first on-off valve that opens and closes, a pressure applying unit that applies a positive pressure or a negative force to apply a force radiating from the radiation nozzle to the light shielding agent of the light shielding agent storage unit, and the first opening and closing A light shielding device for a target surface, comprising: a control unit that controls opening and closing of the valve.   The light-shielding device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the light-shielding agent storage part is a backpack tank. A second open / close valve is provided in the supply pipe for applying pressure by the pressure applying means;
5. The light-shielding device according to claim 3, wherein the control unit performs opening / closing control of a second opening / closing valve in addition to the first opening / closing valve.

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