JP2017090281A - Structure displacement monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple low-cost structure displacement monitoring system.SOLUTION: A structure displacement monitoring system photographs a region including one or a plurality of indicators 18A of a known shape fixed onto a member 3C constituting a structure 12 and includes: imaging means 14A for acquiring a photographed image; image analysis means 26 for performing image analysis processing of an image acquired by the imaging means 14A to obtain a position and a shape of an indicator included in the image; and deformation volume measuring means 28 for measuring deformation volume of the member 3C on the basis of the position and shape of the indicator 18A obtained by the image analysis means 26.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure displacement monitoring system suitable for monitoring interlayer displacement of a structure using image processing.

  Conventionally, in order to verify the safety of a building damaged by an earthquake, it is necessary to quickly measure the shape change of the damaged building. In particular, a high-rise building or the like having a layered structure needs to know deformation quickly and accurately because the load changes and the risk of collapse increases due to the accumulation of strain in each layer. As a conventional technique for measuring interlayer displacement such as strain of a layered structure, an integration type method using an acceleration sensor (for example, refer to Patent Documents 1 to 3), a method using direct measurement of a structure distortion ( For example, a method using a laser beam (see, for example, Patent Document 4) and a method using a laser beam (for example, see Patent Document 5) are known.

JP2015-117987A JP 2014-134436 A JP 2012-18069 A Japanese Patent No. 4849558 Japanese Patent No. 5610427

  However, the integral type method using an acceleration sensor has a problem that a cumulative error occurs because the displacement amount cannot be directly measured. Further, the measurement method using laser light has a problem that the laser system itself is expensive and the introduction cost is high.

  For this reason, there has been a demand for the development of a simple and inexpensive interlayer displacement measurement technique that does not require cumulative errors and does not require an expensive laser system.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a simple and inexpensive structure displacement monitoring system.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the structure displacement monitoring system according to the present invention images a region including one or more markers of a known shape fixed to members constituting the structure. An image capturing unit that acquires a captured image, an image analysis unit that performs an image analysis process on the image acquired by the image capturing unit to obtain a position and a shape of the sign included in the image, and the image analysis unit. And a deformation amount measuring means for measuring a deformation amount of the member based on the obtained position and shape of the sign.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, in the above-described invention, the sign uses a known shape included in an external design of the member.

  Further, in another structure displacement monitoring system according to the present invention, in the above-described invention, the marker has a two-dimensional shape, and the deformation amount measuring unit is configured to detect the displacement amount of the marker based on the position and shape of the marker. The rotation angle is obtained, and the deformation amount of the member is measured based on the obtained displacement amount and rotation angle.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, in the above-described invention, the imaging unit is network-connected to a server in which the image analysis unit and the deformation amount measuring unit are stored, and the deformation amount The measurement result by the measurement means is configured to be output from an output means connected to the server.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, in the above-described invention, the imaging unit includes a storage unit that stores a measurement result of the image analysis unit, the deformation amount measuring unit, and the deformation amount measuring unit. And a power supply means for supplying power to each means.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, in the above-described invention, the imaging unit further includes an output unit that outputs a measurement result by the deformation amount measuring unit.

  According to the structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, an imaging unit that captures an image of an area including one or a plurality of markers having a known shape fixed to a member constituting the structure, and acquires the captured image. Image analysis processing for obtaining the position and shape of the sign included in the image by performing image analysis processing on the image acquired by the imaging means, and the position based on the position and shape of the sign obtained by the image analysis means. Since the deformation amount measuring means for measuring the deformation amount of the member is provided, there is an effect that a simple and inexpensive structure displacement monitoring system can be provided.

  Further, according to another structure displacement monitoring system according to the present invention, since the sign uses a known shape included in the appearance design of the member, a conventional expensive laser system or structure is used. There is an effect that it is possible to provide a simple and inexpensive structure displacement monitoring system that does not require a large-scale operation such as attaching a measuring instrument to the body.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, the sign has a two-dimensional shape, and the deformation amount measuring unit is configured to determine a displacement amount and a rotation angle of the sign based on the position and shape of the sign. Since the deformation amount of the member is measured based on the obtained displacement amount and rotation angle, the deformation amount of the member can be measured easily and quickly.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, the imaging unit is connected to a server in which the image analysis unit and the deformation amount measuring unit are stored, and the deformation amount measuring unit Since the measurement result is configured to be output from the output means connected to the server, it is possible to save the human labor for measurement and data aggregation, and it is possible to quickly grasp the deformation amount, There is an effect that the safety of the structure can be determined in real time.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, the imaging unit includes the image analysis unit, the deformation amount measuring unit, a storage unit that stores a measurement result by the deformation amount measuring unit, Power supply means for supplying power to the means, even if the system power supply is lost due to an earthquake or the like, or the function of the communication network for transmitting and receiving data between systems is lost, the power supply means is used as the power supply The deformation amount can be measured, and the result can be recorded in the storage means.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, the imaging unit further includes an output unit that outputs a measurement result by the deformation amount measuring unit, so that the deformation amount can be obtained from the output unit provided in the imaging unit. There is an effect that it can be grasped.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing Embodiment 1 of a structure displacement monitoring system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of image processing showing Embodiment 1 of the structure displacement monitoring system according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the structure displacement monitoring system according to the present invention.

  Embodiments of a structure displacement monitoring system according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
First, the structure displacement monitoring system according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment, the imaging unit is connected to a server that stores the image analysis unit and the deformation amount measurement unit via a network.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the structure displacement monitoring system 10 according to the first embodiment is applied to a layered building 12 (structure) such as a building. In the following, the case where the layered building 12 is a three-story building composed of the first to third levels will be described as an example, but a building having a number of levels other than this may be used. The structure displacement monitoring system 10 includes a plurality of cameras 14A to 14D as imaging means.

  The camera 14A is on the ceiling 3A of the level 3, the camera 14B is at the intersection of the ceiling 2A and the side wall 2B of the level 2, the camera 14C is at the intersection of the floor 1C and the side wall 1B of the level 1, and the camera 14D is outside the layered building 12. Are fixed to the upper portions of the pillars 16 that are erected.

  On the other hand, signs 18A to 18D made up of one or a plurality of known shapes are fixed to the constituent members (ceiling, floor, side walls, etc.) of the layered building 12 that are within the shooting angle of view of each camera 14A to 14D. . The signs 18A to 18D can be configured with a two-dimensional shape that can be drawn on a two-dimensional plane. For example, the markers 18A to 18D may be configured with a figure or a pattern having a shape feature such as a marker or a star. The sign 18A is on the floor 3C immediately below the camera 14A, the sign 18B is on the floor 2C obliquely below the camera 14B, the sign 18C is on the side of the beam (not shown) of the ceiling 1A, and the sign 18D is the outer wall portion of the layer 1 of the layered building 12 Fixed to.

  Each of the cameras 14A to 14D captures an area including the signs 18A to 18D fixed to a structural member such as a floor at a predetermined sampling period, and acquires an image. Note that the orientations of the cameras 14A to 14D are fixed. Therefore, the angle of view of the camera, that is, the shooting range is fixed, and images in the same area are always acquired. The camera can be configured using an inexpensive camera of about several tens to one million pixels. Further, as this camera, a surveillance camera or the like that is familiar may be used. This makes it possible to reduce the introduction cost.

  The cameras 14 </ b> A and 14 </ b> C are connected to a server 22 installed in the hierarchy 2 by a wired network 20 wired in the layered building 12. On the other hand, the cameras 14B and 14D are connected to the server 22 via the antenna 24 by a wireless network. Images taken by the cameras 14A to 14D are sent to the server 22 in real time via these networks.

  The server 22 includes an image analysis unit 26, a deformation amount measurement unit 28, an output unit 30, and a storage unit 32.

  The image analysis unit 26 performs image analysis processing on the images acquired by the cameras 14A to 14D, and obtains the three-dimensional positions and shapes of the markers 18A to 18D having a known shape included in the images. The image analysis means 26 can be configured using commercially available image analysis software capable of such image processing. Further, as an image analysis method for obtaining the positions and shapes of the markers 18A to 18D having a known shape in the image, for example, the image is compared with the known shape and its deformed shape registered in advance in a database such as the storage means 32. It is possible to use a known method such as extracting a combination of dots having a high degree of correlation among them.

  The deformation amount measuring means 28 measures the deformation amount of components such as a ceiling, a side wall, and a floor, which are measurement target locations, based on the positions and shapes of the signs 18A to 18D obtained by the image analysis means 26.

  Next, the concept of image processing by the image analysis means 26 and the deformation amount measurement means 28 will be described with reference to FIG. For convenience, each of the signs 18A to 18D is represented by a two-dimensional star-shaped sign 18 drawn on a two-dimensional plane. FIG. 2 is an example of an image acquired by a certain camera 14. As shown in this figure, the marker position before deformation of the layered building 12 in the acquired image is as a marker 18 indicated by a dotted line. On the other hand, the marker position in the image obtained after deformation changes, for example, as a marker 18 indicated by a solid line. At this time, the center of gravity of the star shape is displaced in the direction of the arrow, and the star shape rotates counterclockwise around the center of gravity.

  Therefore, first, the image analysis means 26 obtains the position and shape of the sign 18 before and after the deformation. Next, the deformation amount measuring means 28 determines the deformation amount (displacement amount and rotation angle) of the marker 18 from the position and shape of the marker 18 determined. Here, the amount of deformation of the sign 18 has a strong correlation with the amount of deformation of the component (ceiling, side wall, floor, etc.) where it is fixed, and is considered to represent the amount of deformation of the component. Therefore, for example, the deformation amount of the constituent member can be measured on the assumption that the obtained deformation amount of the sign 18 is equivalent to the deformation amount of the constituent member to which the sign 18 is fixed.

  The output means 30 is for outputting the deformation amount of the constituent member measured by the deformation amount measuring means 28, and can be constituted by, for example, a printer that prints out the measurement result, a monitor that outputs the display result, or the like.

  The storage unit 32 stores the image data of the signs 18A to 18D by the cameras 14A to 14D, the known shape data of the signs 18A to 18D, the image analysis result data, the measurement result data, and the like, and is configured by, for example, a hard disk or a memory. can do.

The operation and action of the above configuration will be described.
The signs 14A to 18D are photographed at predetermined sampling intervals by the cameras 14A to 14D, and the image data is transmitted to the server 22 via a wired or wireless network. The image data is subjected to image analysis processing by the image analysis means 26, and the positions and shapes of the signs 18A to 18D in the image are obtained. The deformation amount measuring unit 28 measures the deformation amount of the constituent member based on the obtained positions and shapes of the signs 18A to 18D. The measured deformation amount is output by the output means 30 and provided to the user. Thereby, the shape change of the whole layered building 12 damaged by the earthquake can be measured easily and rapidly.

  Moreover, according to this Embodiment, the deformation amount of each measurement object location can be measured only with an inexpensive camera and a sign. Further, according to the required accuracy of the deformation amount, the shape, size, arrangement position, and number of the signs can be freely selected within a range in which the signs in the acquired image can be recognized.

  For example, the above-described signs 18A to 18D may be those newly drawn on components such as a ceiling, floor, and side walls, or those using known shapes and patterns already included in the exterior design of the components. It may be. In addition, the signs 18A to 18D may use different shapes instead of the same known shape. As described above, since the sign used in the present invention has a high degree of design freedom and can be incorporated as a part of the design in the environment, measurement to an expensive laser system or structure as in the past is possible. It is possible to provide a simple and inexpensive structure displacement monitoring system that does not require large-scale work such as installation of a vessel.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, since the deformation amount can be directly measured by the image analysis process, no cumulative error that becomes a problem in the integral measurement method using the conventional acceleration sensor does not occur. In addition, it is possible to build an inexpensive monitoring system that uses only cameras and signs, existing networks and servers, without the need for large-scale work such as the installation of measuring instruments to conventional expensive laser systems or structures such as beams and braces. It is. Furthermore, by connecting the camera directly to the network, it is possible to save humans from measuring and collecting data, and it is possible to quickly calculate the total amount of deformation, so the safety of the building can be determined in real time. Is also possible.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the number of sets of the camera (imaging means) and the sign is four has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of sets other than this may be used. Even if it does in this way, there can exist an effect similar to the above.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, a structure displacement monitoring system according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment, each of the cameras 14A to 14D in the first embodiment includes an image analysis unit 26, a deformation amount measurement unit 28, a storage unit 32, an output unit 30, and a battery (power supply unit) 34. belongs to.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the structure displacement monitoring system 100 according to the second embodiment includes the cameras 14A to 14D as imaging means. Each of the cameras 14A to 14D includes image analysis means 26A to 26D, deformation amount measurement means 28A to 28D, output means 30A to 30D, storage means 32A to 32D, and batteries (power supply means) 34A to 34D.

  On the other hand, each of the cameras 14A to 14D is also connected to a server 22 installed in the hierarchy 2 by a wired network 20 or a wireless network wired in the layered building 12. This server 22 also has output means 30 and storage means 32.

The operation and action of the above configuration will be described.
When the signs 18A to 18D are photographed at predetermined sampling intervals by the cameras 14A to 14D, the image data is subjected to image analysis processing by the image analysis means 26A to 26D provided in the cameras 14A to 14D, respectively, and deformed by the deformation amount measuring means 28A to 28D. Each quantity is measured. The measured deformation amounts are recorded in the storage means 32A to 32D provided in the cameras 14A to 14D, respectively output by the output means 30A to 30D, and provided to the user.

  On the other hand, the measured deformation amount is also recorded in the storage unit 32 of the server 22 via the wired network 20 or the wireless network, and is also output by the output unit 30.

  Here, even if the power supply for the system is lost due to an earthquake or the like, or the function of the wired network 20 or the wireless network for transmitting and receiving data between the systems is lost, the cameras 14A to 14D are equipped with batteries 34A to 34D. Therefore, it is possible to continuously shoot using each battery as a power source. Further, the amount of deformation is continuously measured using the image analysis means 26A to 26D and the amount of deformation measurement means 28A to 28D provided in each camera 14A to 14D, and the result is recorded in its own storage means 32A to 32D. It can be output by its own output means 30A-30D. Therefore, even when the system power supply or network function is lost due to an earthquake or the like, the overall shape change of the layered building 12 damaged by the earthquake can be reliably measured.

  As described above, according to the structure displacement monitoring system according to the present invention, a region including one or a plurality of markers having a known shape fixed to members constituting the structure is photographed, and the photographed image is taken. An image analysis unit that obtains the position and shape of the sign included in the image by performing an image analysis process on the image obtained by the image pickup unit, and the position of the sign obtained by the image analysis unit And a deformation amount measuring means for measuring the deformation amount of the member based on the shape, a simple and inexpensive structure displacement monitoring system can be provided.

  Further, according to another structure displacement monitoring system according to the present invention, since the sign uses a known shape included in the appearance design of the member, a conventional expensive laser system or structure is used. It is possible to provide a simple and inexpensive structure displacement monitoring system that does not require a large-scale operation such as attaching a measuring instrument to the body.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, the sign has a two-dimensional shape, and the deformation amount measuring unit is configured to determine a displacement amount and a rotation angle of the sign based on the position and shape of the sign. Since the deformation amount of the member is measured based on the obtained displacement amount and rotation angle, the deformation amount of the member can be measured easily and quickly.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, the imaging unit is connected to a server in which the image analysis unit and the deformation amount measuring unit are stored, and the deformation amount measuring unit Since the measurement result is configured to be output from the output means connected to the server, it is possible to save the human labor for measurement and data aggregation, and it is possible to quickly grasp the deformation amount, It becomes possible to determine the safety of the structure in real time.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, the imaging unit includes the image analysis unit, the deformation amount measuring unit, a storage unit that stores a measurement result by the deformation amount measuring unit, Power supply means for supplying power to the means, even if the system power supply is lost due to an earthquake or the like, or the function of the communication network for transmitting and receiving data between systems is lost, the power supply means is used as the power supply The amount of deformation can be measured and the result recorded in the storage means.

  According to another structure displacement monitoring system of the present invention, the imaging unit further includes an output unit that outputs a measurement result by the deformation amount measuring unit, so that the deformation amount can be obtained from the output unit provided in the imaging unit. I can grasp it.

  As described above, the structure displacement monitoring system according to the present invention is useful for monitoring the interlayer displacement of the structure, and is particularly suitable for providing a simple and inexpensive monitoring system.

1-3 levels 1A-3A Ceiling (members)
1B-3B Side wall (member)
1C-3C Floor (member)
10,100 Structure displacement monitoring system 12 Layered building (structure)
14A-14D camera (imaging means)
16 pillars 18A to 18D, 18 signs 20 wired network 22 server 24 antennas 26A to 26D, 26 image analysis means 28A to 28D, 28 deformation amount measuring means 30A to 30D, 30 output means 32A to 32D, 32 storage means 34A to 34D batteries (Power supply means)

Claims (6)

  An image capturing unit that captures an area including one or a plurality of signs having a known shape fixed to a member constituting the structure, and an image analysis process is performed on the image acquired by the image capturing unit. Image analyzing means for obtaining the position and shape of the sign included in the image, and deformation amount measuring means for measuring the deformation amount of the member based on the position and shape of the sign obtained by the image analyzing means. A structure displacement monitoring system comprising:   The structure displacement monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the sign uses a known shape included in an appearance design of the member.   The sign has a two-dimensional shape, and the deformation amount measuring means obtains a displacement amount and a rotation angle of the sign based on the position and shape of the sign, and deforms the member based on the obtained displacement amount and rotation angle. The structure displacement monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein a quantity is measured.   The imaging unit is connected to a server in which the image analysis unit and the deformation amount measurement unit are stored, and a measurement result by the deformation amount measurement unit is output from an output unit connected to the server. It is comprised by these, The structure displacement monitoring system as described in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The imaging means includes the image analysis means, the deformation amount measurement means, a storage means for storing a measurement result by the deformation amount measurement means, and a power supply means for supplying power to each means. The structure displacement monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The structure displacement monitoring system according to claim 5, wherein the imaging unit further includes an output unit that outputs a measurement result obtained by the deformation amount measuring unit.

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