JP2017089290A - Fire resistive covering structure and fire resistive covering method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To apply fire resistive covering based on optimum fireproof specifications to a part throughout the material-axis-direction length of a structural member such as a beam.SOLUTION: A fire resistive covering structure includes: a structural member (beam 20) of a building; a first covering part 32 that fire-resistively covers a material-axis-direction part of the structural member; and a second covering part 34 that fire-resistively covers the other part of the structural member according to fireproof specifications different from those of the first covering part 32.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fireproof coating structure and a fireproof coating method.

  Patent Document 1 below discloses a fireproof covering structure in which the lower flange of a steel beam is covered with a thin fireproof sheet and the other part is sprayed and covered with a noncombustible material in order to ensure the effective dimension under the beam.

JP 2013-227752 A

  However, the place where it is necessary to ensure the effective dimension under the beam is generally limited to the place where the pipe passes under the beam, and is described in Patent Document 1 over the entire length in the material axis direction of the beam. If fireproof coating is performed in this way, it will take time for construction and partially over-specification.

  In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant coating having an optimum fire-resistant specification over the entire length in the axial direction of a structural member such as a beam.

  The fire-resistant covering structure according to claim 1 is a structural member of a building, a first covering portion that fire-proofs a part of the structural member in a material axial direction, and the structural member having a fire resistance specification different from that of the first covering portion. And a second covering portion that covers the other portion with fireproof coating.

  According to the fireproof covering structure of the first aspect, the structural member is fireproof coated with the first covering portion and the second covering portion having different fireproof specifications along the material axis direction. For this reason, for example, the material of the fireproof coating, the coating thickness, and the like can be changed for each portion of the structural member to give each portion the optimum fireproof performance.

  In the fireproof covering structure of the second aspect, the first covering portion is formed in a portion where a through hole is formed in the structural member, and the covering thickness is larger than that of the second covering portion.

  According to the fireproof coating structure of claim 2, since the fireproof coating around the through hole of the structural member is thicker than the other parts, the total heat penetration into the structural member without the fireproof coating on the small hole of the through hole Is suppressed. When fireproof coating is applied to the small opening of the through hole, it is necessary to perform fireproof coating prior to the operation of passing the pipe through the through hole, which restricts the process sequence. However, in the fireproof coating structure according to the second aspect, since the fireproof coating can be performed after passing the pipe through the through hole, the process sequence is not limited.

  Further, if the small hole of the through hole is not covered with a fireproof coating, it is not necessary to provide a gap for the fireproof coating between the through hole and the pipe, so that the diameter of the through hole can be reduced. For this reason, the strength reduction of a structural member can be suppressed.

    The fire-resistant coating method according to claim 3 is a pre-covering step in which a part of a building structural member in the material axis direction is fire-resistant coated, and the other portion of the structural member is fire-resistant coated with a specification different from that in the first step. And a subsequent coating process.

According to the fireproof coating method of claim 3, the fireproof specifications of the fireproof coating in the preceding coating process and the fireproof coating in the subsequent coating process are different. For this reason, for example, the material of the fireproof coating, the coating thickness, and the like can be changed for each portion of the structural member to give each portion the optimum fireproof performance.

  Furthermore, for example, when the pipe passes near the structural member, the pipe construction can be started at an early stage by constructing the pipe after fireproofing only the vicinity of the pipe in the preceding coating step. For this reason, compared with the case where piping is constructed after fireproof covering the entire material member in the axial direction, the construction period of the piping construction is less likely to be pressed. Therefore, the possibility that the construction period is delayed can be reduced.

  According to the fireproof coating structure and the fireproof coating method according to the present invention, an object is to provide a fireproof coating having an optimum fireproof specification over the entire length of the structural member in the axial direction.

(A) is a perspective view which shows the fireproof coating structure in 1st Embodiment of this invention, (B) is sectional drawing which shows the state piped in the fireproof coating method of 1st Embodiment, (C) is It is sectional drawing which shows the state coat | covered before, (D) is sectional drawing which shows the state covered by the back. (A) is a perspective view which shows the state previously covered in the fireproof coating method of 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (B) is a perspective view which shows the piped state, (C) is a subsequent covering. It is a perspective view which shows the state made. (A) is an elevational view of the fireproof covering structure in the third embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a plan view showing the support state of the slab. It is an elevation view of the fireproof covering structure in 4th Embodiment of this invention.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the fireproof covering structure 10 and the fireproof covering method of the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Fireproof coating structure)
As shown in FIG. 1A, the fireproof covering structure 10 of the present embodiment includes an H-shaped steel beam 20, a through hole 28 that penetrates the web 22 of the beam 20, a web 22 around the through hole 28, A first covering portion 32 that covers the lower flange 24 and the upper flange 26 with a covering member and a second covering portion 34 that covers portions other than the first covering portion are provided.

  The beam 20 is an example of a structural member in the present invention, and is a large beam whose both ends are joined to columns (not shown).

  The covering member is a wet spray material in which rock wool granular cotton is used as a main raw material and cement slurry is kneaded, and is sprayed onto the beam 20 using a spraying machine. The first covering portion 32 is a portion that is fireproof coated in a range of 0.5 φD with respect to the hole diameter φD (mm) of the through hole 28 on both sides of the through hole 28, and sprayed more than the second covering portion 34. Thick. For this reason, compared with the 2nd coating | coated part 34, the 1st coating | coated part 32 has the small amount of heats of conduction from the web 22, the lower flange 24, and the upper flange 26, and its fire resistance performance is high.

  The first covering portion 32 does not cover the small opening 28a in the through hole 28, and as shown in FIG. 1 (B), the outer diameter is approximately 0.9φD or more with respect to the hole diameter φD (mm) of the through hole 28. A pipe 100 that is a smoke exhaust duct can be penetrated. The “state in which the forehead 28a is not covered” includes a state in which the forehead 28a is covered with a spraying material with a spraying thickness of about 0.05φD or less with respect to the hole diameter φD of the through hole 28. That is, the cover formed not on the small opening 28a but also on the small opening 28a by the spraying operation of the first covering portion 32 covering the periphery of the through hole 28 is included. In the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the pipe 100 is approximately 0.9 φD or more with respect to the hole diameter φD (mm) of the through hole 28, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be less than 0.9φD. In this case, the small opening 28a may be covered by the operation of spraying the first covering portion 32. Such a state is also included in the “state where the small opening 28a is not covered”.

  In the present embodiment, only one through hole 28 is shown, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a plurality of through holes 28 may be provided as long as they are separated by approximately 1.0 φD or more. At this time, if the pitch of the through holes 28 is narrow, the coating thickness of the first covering portion 32 may be increased. If the pitch of the through holes 28 is wide, a plurality of first covering portions 32 may be provided for each through hole 28. Good. Moreover, although the 1st coating | coated part 32 shall cover the range of 0.5 (phi) D with respect to hole diameter (phi) D of the through-hole 28, it is good also as what covers the range of 0.5 (phi) D or more fireproof.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the 1st coating | coated part 32 and the 2nd coating | coated part 34 shall be comprised with the same coating | coated member, embodiment of this invention is not restricted to this. For example, both or any one of the first covering portion 32 and the second covering portion 34 may be configured by a dry-type wound-type covering member, a coating-type paint-type covering member, calcium silicate, or the like It is good also as what is comprised with the board-shaped coating | covering material etc. which shape | molded. Moreover, it is good also as a synthetic | combination refractory coating | cover with which the same cross section was comprised by the some coating | coated member by overlapping a different kind of coating | coated member.

  The “fireproof coating” in the present invention means a structural member such as a beam or a column in order to maintain a state (fireproof performance) that does not cause deformation, melting, breakage or other damage that hinders structural strength. In addition to the coating intended to suppress the temperature rise of the fire, it does not cause any harmful deformation, melting, cracking or other damage on fire prevention, and does not generate smoke or gas harmful to evacuation (fire prevention performance) It refers to interior materials for holding.

  Also, “different fireproof specifications” means that these types of fireproof coatings are different, the types are the same and the thickness, construction method, and performance are different, or there is a fireproof coating on one side and not on the other. included. That is, in the present invention, the “second covering portion having a fireproof coating different from the first covering portion” includes a case where the second covering portion is not provided with a fireproof coating.

(Fireproof coating method)
In the fireproof coating method of the first embodiment, that is, the construction method of the fireproof coating structure 10, as shown in FIG. 1B, first, the pipe 100 is passed through the through hole 28 of the beam 20 (pipe process).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (C), a coating member is sprayed on a portion around the through hole 28 through which the pipe 100 of the beam 20 is passed, so that it is thicker than the second coating portion 34 formed in the subsequent coating process. The first covering portion 32 is formed (preceding covering step).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (D), a covering member is sprayed on a portion other than the first covering portion 32 of the beam 20 to form a second covering portion 34 (follow-up covering step).

(Function and effect)
According to the fireproof covering structure of the first embodiment, the spraying thickness of the first covering portion 32 around the through hole 28 is thicker than that of the second covering portion 34. For this reason, even if the small opening 28a of the through hole 28 is not covered with a fireproof coating, intrusion of heat from the outside to the portion around the through hole 28 of the beam 20 is suppressed more than other portions during a fire. In addition, when heat due to smoke, flame, or high-temperature gas passing through the pipe 100 is transmitted to the beam 20 from the small opening 28a, the slurry component contained in the covering member absorbs heat, and the temperature rise of the beam 20 is suppressed. . Therefore, a decrease in the strength of the beam 20 is suppressed.

  In addition, since it is not necessary to cover the small opening 28a of the through hole 28 with fireproofing, a pipe having a large outer diameter can be passed through the through hole 28. In other words, the hole diameter of the through hole 28 can be reduced to almost the same as the outer diameter of the pipe. Therefore, a decrease in the strength of the beam 20 is suppressed.

  Moreover, since the spraying thickness of the 2nd coating | coated part 34 is made thinner than the 1st coating | coated part 32, compared with the case where it sprays thick over the full length of the beam 20, for example, the labor of spraying construction is reduced. The construction efficiency is improved.

  Furthermore, when fireproof coating is applied to the small opening 28a, it is necessary to fireproof the small opening 28a prior to the operation of passing the pipe 100 through the through hole 28, and the process order is restricted. Since it is not necessary to cover the small openings 28a of the holes 28 with fireproofing, there is no restriction on the process order.

For example, in the present embodiment, the preceding coating process and the subsequent coating process are performed after the piping process, but this may be performed before the piping process. In this case, a temporary curing may be performed using a cylindrical member or the like so that the covering member is not covered with the small opening 28 a of the through hole 28, or the covering member attached to the small opening 28 a during the construction of the pipe 100 may be appropriately suspended.
Further, in the present embodiment, the first covering portion 32 is formed in the preceding covering step and the second covering portion 34 is formed in the following covering step. However, the second covering portion 34 is formed in the preceding covering step. And it is good also as what forms the 1st coating | coated part 32 in a subsequent coating process.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the fireproof coating structure 12 and the fireproof coating method of the second embodiment will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

(Fireproof coating structure)
As shown in FIG. 2C, the fireproof coating structure 12 of the present embodiment is configured to fireproof the beam 40 of the H-shaped steel and the web 42, the lower flange 44 and the upper flange 46 of the beam 40. . A pipe 102, which is a smoke exhaust duct, passes directly under the beam 40. The vicinity of the pipe 102 is covered with the first covering portion 52, and the portions other than the first covering portion 52 are covered with the second covering portion 54. Yes.

  Similar to the beam 20 of the first embodiment, the beam 40 is a large beam whose both ends are joined to columns (not shown).

  The 1st coating | coated part 52 is comprised with the dry-type winding material which shape | molded the rock wool fiber in the sheet form or roll shape, and a winding material is fixed to the beam 40 using a fixing pin etc. As shown in FIG. The 2nd coating | coated part 54 is comprised with the spraying material, and is sprayed to the beam 40 using a spraying machine.

(Fireproof coating method)
In the fireproof covering method of the second embodiment, that is, the construction method of the fireproof covering structure 12, as shown in FIG. 2A, first, a winding material is wound around the beam 40 to form the first covering portion 52. (Preceding coating process). Note that the winding material is wound in a portion where the pipe 102 is scheduled to pass immediately below.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, the pipe 102 is constructed immediately below the first covering portion 52 (pipe process).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (C), a spraying material is sprayed on portions other than the first covering portion 52 to form the second covering portion 54 (follow-up covering step).

(Function and effect)
According to the fireproof coating method of the present embodiment, the fireproof coating is performed separately in the preceding coating process and the subsequent coating process. 52), the piping 102 can be constructed in the piping process. For this reason, compared with the case where the pipe 102 is constructed after fireproof covering the entire material axis direction of the beam 40 (the entire portion sandwiched between the columns at both ends), the construction of the pipe 102 can be started at an early stage. The construction period of piping construction is less likely to be pressed. Therefore, the possibility that the construction period is delayed can be reduced.

  Moreover, since the 1st coating | coated part 52 of a prior | preceding coating process is formed by winding a winding material, compared with the method of spraying a spraying material, construction is easy. For this reason, for example, a plumber can perform the preceding covering step, and therefore, it is possible to make a highly flexible construction plan in accordance with the supply and demand situation of craftsmen at each construction site.

  In the present embodiment, the first covering portion 52 that covers the vicinity of the pipe 102 covers all of the web 42, the lower flange 44, and the upper flange 46 of the beam 40 with a wrapping material. The embodiment of the invention is not limited to this. For example, only the lower flange 44 may be covered with a wrapping material, and the web 42 and the upper flange 46 may be covered with a spraying material. By doing in this way, the fireproof covering operation | work when a plumber performs a preceding covering process can be made still easier.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment will be described. In the first and second embodiments, the beams 20 and 40 as structural members are large beams, but in this embodiment, the structural members are joined to the large beam 60 at both ends as shown in FIG. It is set as the made small beam 62. Thus, the structural member of the present invention is not limited to a large beam, and includes a small beam supported by the large beam.

  Both ends of the small beam 62, that is, the vicinity of the joint portion of the large beam (generally in a range of ¼ of both ends with respect to the entire length of the small beam 62) are covered by the first covering portion 64 that is fireproof coated by the spraying material. Except for the vicinity of the portion, that is, the joint portion of the large beam, the region 66 is not covered with fireproof coating.

  By the way, the small beam 62 has a function of preventing the slab 68 from falling off, but the slab 68 itself has a proof strength. That is, as shown in FIG. 3B, even if there is no small beam 62, the slab 68 supported on the four sides by the large beam 60 bends at the center in the event of a fire, and a tensile stress T is present inside the slab 68. To generate proof stress.

  Further, the slab 68 is supported by the small beam 62 covered with the first covering portion 64 in the vicinity of the joint portion with the large beam 60, so that the slab 68 can be prevented from dropping during a fire. That is, even if the proof strength of the central portion of the small beam 62 is reduced during a fire, the sound strength of the proof strength of the both ends of the small beam 62 covered with the first covering portion 64 is maintained, so that the slab can be prevented from falling off. .

  For this reason, the labor of a fireproof coating can be reduced compared with the case where the center part of the small beam 62 is fireproof coated. Further, even if the through hole 69 is formed in the central portion, for example, there is no need to apply a fireproof coating around the through hole 69. It becomes easy. The same applies to the case where the pipes are provided close to each other without passing through the central portion of the small beam 62.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. In the first and second embodiments, the fireproof specifications are divided in the vicinity of the through hole 28 and the pipe 102 and other portions, but in this embodiment, as shown in the beam 70 shown in FIG. Fire resistance specifications are divided for each. In addition to the beam 70, the column 72 shown in FIG. 4 is an example of the structural member of the present invention, and the column 72 has fireproof specifications divided under the ceiling and behind the ceiling.

  At this time, the rooms in which the fireproof specifications are divided are, for example, rooms having a relatively high probability of fire such as kitchens, boiler rooms, warehouses and garages, and other rooms. Or it is a room in a part (what is called a part which is likely to spread fire) which is likely to spread when an adjacent building or the like becomes a fire, and a room in other parts. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, a room in which the beam 70 is concealed by the ceiling and a room in which the beam 70 is exposed (including an outdoor space).

  In this way, by dividing the fireproof specifications for each room or under the ceiling and behind the ceiling, a part (70A) in a room where high fireproof performance is required, such as a beam 70, and a part (70B) in a room that is not so. It is possible to suppress over-spec fireproof coating by making a difference in fire resistance performance.

  Alternatively, for example, by setting a part in a room handling a precision machine as a board-like fireproof coating that generates less dust and other parts as a fireproof coating by spraying, the time required for curing can be reduced.

  Or, for example, like the pillar 72, the exposed portion (72A) under the ceiling is used as a fireproof coating by painting, and the concealed portion (72B) at the back of the ceiling is used as a fireproof coating by spraying, thereby improving the design of the exposed portion. At the same time, the construction efficiency of the concealment portion can be increased.

  In the present invention, “a part of the structural member in the material axis direction” means that, when the structural member is a column, it is one within the range between the upper and lower slabs or the range between the upper and lower column beam joints. Refers to the part.

[Modification]
Next, a modification of the above embodiment will be described. In the present invention, the first covering portion and the second covering portion are fireproof coated with different fireproof specifications, but the boundary between the first covering portion and the second covering portion is not necessarily clear. For example, when the first covering portion is constituted by a winding material and the second covering portion is constituted by a spraying material, the portion where the first covering portion and the second covering portion are overlapped by spraying the spraying material on the surface of the winding material There may be. If it does in this way, it can control that heat penetrates into the structural member from the joint of the 1st covering part and the 2nd covering part.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the process of forming a 1st coating | coated part (preceding coating process) and the process of forming a 2nd coating | coated part (following coating process) each coat | cover another place, The embodiment of the invention is not limited to this. For example, the place covered in the preceding covering step and the place covering in the subsequent covering step may overlap. That is, when the spraying material is sprayed over the entire material axis direction of the structural member in the preceding coating process to configure the first coating part, and then the spraying material is partially sprayed again in the subsequent coating process, This portion becomes the second covering portion.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although piping 100,102 is made into the smoke exhaust duct, embodiment of this invention is not restricted to this. For example, in addition to ducts with relatively large diameters, such as air supply / exhaust ducts for ventilation and exhaust ducts for kitchen facilities, various pipes such as water supply / drain pipes, sprinkler pipes, gas pipes, distribution pipes, and various cables are placed. Cable racks are also included.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to such embodiment, You may use suitably combining one embodiment and various modifications, and deviates from the summary of this invention. Needless to say, the present invention can be carried out in various modes within a range not to be performed.

10, 12 Fireproof covering structure 20, 40 Beam (structural member)
28 Through-holes 32, 52 First covering portion 34, 54 Second covering portion 62 Small beam (structural member)
64 1st coating | coated part 66 area | region (2nd coating | coated part)
70 Beam (Structural member)
72 Column (Structural member)

Claims (3)

Building structural members;
A first covering portion that fire-proofs a part of the structural member in the axial direction of the material;
A second covering portion that is fire-resistant coated on the other part of the structural member with a fire resistance specification different from that of the first covering portion;
With fireproof coating structure.   The fireproof covering structure according to claim 1, wherein the first covering portion is formed in a portion where a through hole is formed in the structural member, and has a thicker covering thickness than the second covering portion. A pre-covering process for fireproof covering a part of the structural member of the building in the axial direction of the material;
A subsequent coating step of performing a fireproof coating on the other part of the structural member with a specification different from the fireproof coating of the preceding coating step;
A fireproof coating method comprising: