JP2017086148A - External skeletal fixator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an external skeletal fixator capable of miniaturizing a pinning jig, while supporting firmly a pin member.SOLUTION: An external skeletal fixator 1 includes a plurality of pin members 2 fixable by implanting each tip into a plurality of spots of a bone of a patient, a plurality of pinning jigs 3 fixable to each base end of the pin members 2, and a connection member 4 capable of connecting mutually the plurality of pinning jigs 3, in which the pinning jig 3 comprises an integrated member having a fittable notch 6 by press-fitting the pin member 2 thereto.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an external fixator that can be attached to a patient's bone to treat a fracture or the like.

  An external fixator may be used in the treatment for joining bones separated by fractures or the like. A conventional external fixator includes, for example, a plurality of pin members that can be fixed by inserting a tip into a plurality of locations (separated bones) of a patient's bone as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. The plurality of pinning jigs that can be fixed to the respective base ends of the pin members and the connecting members that can connect the plurality of pinning jigs to each other are provided.

JP 2006-110222 A

However, the conventional external fixator has the following problems.
For example, in an external fixator used for the treatment of fractures and the like, since it is necessary to firmly support the pin member in a state where a force is applied in the bone joining direction, pin fixing for fixing the pin member is required. A relatively high strength is required for the jig. For this reason, the structure of the pinning jig becomes complicated and large, and it becomes a problem in the normal life with the external fixator fixed when observing the treatment process by X-ray imaging. was there.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an external fixator that can downsize a pinning jig while firmly supporting a pin member.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a plurality of pin members that can be fixed by inserting distal ends into a plurality of positions of a bone of a patient, and a plurality of pinning jigs that can be fixed to the respective base ends of the pin members. An external fixator comprising a connecting member capable of connecting a plurality of the pinning jigs to each other, wherein the pinning jig comprises an integral member having a notch that can be press-fitted into the pin member. It is characterized by that.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to the first aspect, the notch is formed in a tapered shape.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to the second aspect, an R-shaped through hole is formed at the tip of the tapered cutout.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to the second or third aspect, the tapered cutout is formed with an insertion hole through which the pin member is inserted while being press-fitted. It is characterized by.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the connecting member includes a bolt having a male screw formed on the outer peripheral surface, and the bolt and the screw. In addition, a nut capable of positioning the pinning jig is provided, and a separation dimension of the pinning jig can be arbitrarily adjusted by screwing the bolt and the nut.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to the fifth aspect, the male screw formed on the bolt includes a threaded portion with the nut on one end side of the bolt and the nut on the other end side. It is characterized in that they are opposite to each other at the threaded portion.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is the external fixator according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the connecting member is formed with a flat surface at a substantial center thereof for clamping the tool. And

  The invention described in claim 8 is the external fixator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a spacer is attached between the pinning jigs.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the pin fixing jig is formed of an integral member having a notch that can be press-fitted into the pin member, the pin fixing jig can be downsized while firmly supporting the pin member. can do.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the notch is formed in a taper shape, the fixing operation of the pin member can be easily performed, and the pin member can be fixed more firmly and surely.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the R-shaped through hole is formed at the tip of the tapered notch, stress is applied to the tip of the tapered notch during manufacture or use of the external fixator. It can be prevented from being concentrated and damaged.

  According to the invention of claim 4, since the insertion hole for inserting the pin member while being press-fitted into the tapered notch is formed, the pin member can be fixed in a more stable state.

  According to the invention of claim 5, the connecting member comprises a bolt having a male screw formed on the outer peripheral surface, and includes a nut that can be screwed into the bolt to position the pinning jig, Since the separation dimension of the pinning jig can be arbitrarily adjusted by screwing the nut, the separation dimension of the pinning jig can be easily adjusted according to treatment.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the male screw formed on the bolt is opposite to each other at the screwed portion with the nut on one end side of the bolt and the screwed portion with the nut on the other end side. By rotating the bolt in one direction, the adjacent pinning jigs can be brought close to or separated from each other at the same time.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the connecting member is formed with a flat surface that can hold the tool at substantially the center thereof, so that the fixing operation of the pinning jig by the tool can be performed easily and smoothly.

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since the spacer is attached between the pinning jigs, the separation dimension of the pinning jig can be made more accurate when attached to the patient, and the spacer is attached to the patient. The separation dimension of the pinning jig can be maintained in the course of use.

The schematic diagram which shows the state which attached the external fixator which concerns on embodiment of this invention to a patient's bone Front view and side view showing the external fixator Front view and side view showing a pinning member in the external fixator It is a front view which shows the pin member in the same external fixator, Comprising: (a) The state before bending (b) The schematic diagram which shows the state after bending Front view showing a connecting member and a nut in the external fixator The front view which shows the pinning jig | tool (pinning jig | tool with which the through-hole was formed) which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The front view which shows the pinning jig | tool (pinning jig | tool in which an insertion hole is not formed) which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The front view which shows the pinning jig | tool (The pinning jig | tool with which the notch was not a taper shape but was made into the groove shape of substantially the same width) concerning other embodiment of this invention. The front view which shows the connection member (connection member in which the male screw of the reverse direction was formed in the one end side and the other end side) which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. Schematic diagram showing the state of adjusting the separation dimension of the pinning jig with the connecting member The front view which shows the external fixator (external fixator with which the spacer was attached between the pinning jig | tool) which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
The external fixator according to this embodiment is attached to a patient's bone and can treat a fracture or the like. As shown in FIG. It is attached across and can be fixed so that the separation part R can be joined. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the external fixator 1 includes a pin member 2, a pinning jig 3, a connecting member 4, and a nut 5.

  The pin member 2 can be fixed by inserting the distal end 2a (see FIG. 4) into a plurality of locations on the bone of the patient. In this embodiment, the pin member 2 is inserted into the bone across the cut-off portion R. A pin member 2 is provided. The pin member 2 has a sharp tip 2a, and can be fixed by inserting the tip 2a into a predetermined position of the bone by surgery. The pinning jig 3 can be attached by bending (see FIG. 4B).

  The pinning jigs 3 can be fixed to the respective base ends 2b of the pin member 2, and in the present embodiment, three pinning jigs 3 are attached corresponding to the three pin members 2, respectively. Accordingly, the pinning jig 3 is positioned outside the patient's skin and is fixed to the proximal end 2b of the bent pin member 2. As shown in FIG. 3, each pinning jig 3 is formed with an attachment hole 3 a through which the connecting member 4 can be inserted and attached.

  The connecting member 4 is composed of a round bar-shaped member that is inserted through the mounting hole 3a of the pinning jig 3, and can connect a plurality of (three in this embodiment) pinning jigs 3 to each other. It is. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the connecting member 4 according to the present embodiment is composed of a bolt having a male screw formed on the outer peripheral surface, and the external fixator 1 is screwed into the bolt and pinned. A nut 5 capable of positioning the jig 3 is provided.

  That is, after the three pin members 2 are inserted into the patient's bone, the pinning jig 3 is fixed to the base end 2b of each pin member 2. At this time, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the three pinning jigs 3 are overlapped and fixed while communicating the mounting holes 3a, and the connecting members 4 are inserted through the mounting holes 3a. The pinning jig 3 can be positioned by screwing the nut 5 from the outside. Thereby, the separation dimension of the pinning jig 3 (in this embodiment, no separation dimension is provided) can be arbitrarily adjusted by screwing the bolt (connecting member 4) and the nut 5 together.

  In the present embodiment, the three pinning jigs 3 are attached so as to overlap each other, but the two pin members 2 are inserted into the bone at a position straddling the separation part R, and the pins The two pinning jigs 3 fixed to the member 2 may be separated by a predetermined dimension. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the spacer 11 is attached between the pinning jigs 3, and the nuts 5 are screwed and tightened from the outside of each pinning jig 3, so that the separation dimension of the spacers 11 is increased. It is preferable to match the longitudinal dimension.

  If the spacer 11 is attached between the pinning jigs 3 in this way, the separation dimension of the pinning jig 3 when attached to the patient can be made more accurate, and the pinning jig attached to the patient. A spacing dimension of 3 can be maintained in the course of use. The spacer 11 may be a dedicated cylindrical part whose longitudinal dimension is set to a predetermined value, or may be one in which a plurality of general-purpose parts such as washers are attached to adjust the spacing dimension.

  Therefore, if the separation dimension of the pin fixing jig 3 is adjusted to be set smaller than the separation dimension of the pin member 2, a force can always be applied in the direction in which the separation portion R is joined. It is possible to prevent the part R from being separated during the treatment process. That is, in order to treat the separation part R due to a fracture or the like, it is preferable to fix in a state in which a force is always applied in the joining direction, and the separation dimension of the pinning jig 3 is adjusted to arbitrarily apply the force. It can be done.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the pinning jig 3 according to the present embodiment is composed of an integral member having a notch 6 into which the pin member 2 can be press-fitted (for example, stainless steel or titanium). The material is an integral part). The notch 6 has a split shape opened on one side surface of the pin fixing jig 3 and is formed in a tapered shape having a width that continuously narrows down inside. An insertion hole 7 through which the member 2 is inserted while being press-fitted is formed.

  That is, the inner diameter of the insertion hole 7 is set to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter on the base end 2b side of the pin member 2, and when the base end 2b side of the pin member 2 is inserted through the insertion hole 7, the pin member 2 By being compressed in the radial direction and elastically deformed or plastically deformed, press-fitting is performed. In this way, the pin fixing jig 3 can be fixed to the pin member 2 by press-fitting and fitting the pin part 2 into the pin fixing jig 3 made of an integral part. 2 can be supported.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the dimension h between the center position of the attachment hole 3a and the center position of the insertion hole 7 is set to be relatively small. Thereby, in the state where the external fixator 1 is attached to the patient, the pinning jig 3 can be disposed at a position closer to the patient's skin. It is possible to suppress the surrounding objects from interfering with 3. Furthermore, the outer peripheral angle of the pinning jig 3 may be chamfered or rounded. Thereby, even when the focusing jig 3 and surrounding objects interfere with each other carelessly, the influence on the patient can be reduced.

  According to the above-described embodiment, the pinning jig 3 is composed of an integral member having the notch 6 into which the pin member 2 can be press-fitted and can be fitted. Therefore, the pinning jig 3 is firmly supported while supporting the pin member 2 firmly. Can be miniaturized. In particular, since the notch 6 according to the present embodiment is formed in a taper shape, the pin member 2 can be easily fixed, and the pin member 2 can be fixed more firmly and securely by the wedge effect. can do. The taper of the notch 6 is not necessarily a straight line but may be a curved line. By making the taper a curve, the pin member 2 can be prevented from falling off. Further, as a means for increasing the clamping force by the notch 6, the friction coefficient of the notch 6 may be increased. As means for increasing the friction coefficient of the notch 6, the surface roughness may be set appropriately, or surface treatment such as shot peening may be performed.

  Further, since the insertion hole 7 through which the pin member 2 is inserted while being press-fitted is formed in the tapered notch 6 according to the present embodiment, the pin member 2 can be fixed in a more stable state. . In addition, the connecting member 4 includes a bolt having a male screw formed on the outer peripheral surface, and includes a nut 5 that can be screwed into the bolt to position the pinning jig 3. The bolt (the connecting member 4) Since the separation dimension of the pinning jig 3 can be arbitrarily adjusted by screwing the nut 5 and the nut 5, the separation dimension of the pinning jig 3 can be easily adjusted according to treatment.

  However, as shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable to form an R-shaped through hole 8 at the tip of the tapered notch 6. In this case, the through-hole 8 can prevent the stress from being concentrated on the tip of the tapered notch 6 and being damaged when the external fixator 1 is manufactured or used. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, only the tapered notch 6 may be formed (the insertion hole 7 is not formed), and the pin member 2 may be press-fitted into the notch 6 and fitted. As shown in FIG. 8, instead of the notch 6, the notch 9 whose width dimension t is set to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the pin member 2 (the width dimension t is substantially the same in the extending direction). (Groove shape). Since these can fix the pin member 2 to the arbitrary position of the notch 6 or the notch 9, the pin member 2 can be fixed easily.

  Furthermore, as another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, a male screw formed on a connecting member 10 made of a bolt has a threaded portion 10a with the nut 5 on one end side of the bolt and the other end. The threaded portion 10b with the nut 5 on the side may be opposite to each other (that is, the threaded portion 10a and the threaded portion 10b are reversely threaded). A flat surface 10c that can hold the tool may be formed in the center.

  According to such another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, when two pinning jigs 3 are coupled by the coupling member 10, a tool such as a spanner is clamped by the plane 10c (the nut 5 is fixed). While rotating in the direction a, the pair of pinning jigs 3 moves simultaneously in the direction α close to each other, and in the direction b, the pair of pinning jigs 3 moves in the direction β separating from each other simultaneously. Will be.

  In this way, the male screws formed on the bolt as the connecting member 10 are opposite to each other in the screwing portion 10a with the nut 5 on one end side of the bolt and the screwing portion 10b with the nut 5 on the other end side. Therefore, by rotating the bolt in one direction, the adjacent pinning jigs 3 can be brought close to or separated from each other at the same time, and the separation dimension L can be easily adjusted. In addition, since the connecting member 10 is formed with a flat surface 10c capable of holding a tool such as a spanner at the approximate center thereof, the fixing operation of the pinning jig 3 by the tool can be performed easily and smoothly. At this time, the screwing portion 10a and the screwing portion 10b of the connecting member 10 may be screwed together using the mounting hole 3a of the pinning jig 3 as a female screw.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment which concerns on this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these, For example, it replaces with the treatment when a bone is cut off by a fracture etc. Can be used for orthodontic treatment. In this case, if the separation dimension of the pinning jig 3 is adjusted so as to be larger than the separation dimension of the pin member 2, a force can always be applied in the direction of stretching the bone and correction can be made.

  The pin fixing jig 3 is sufficient if it is made of an integral member having notches (6, 9) into which the pin member 2 can be press-fitted and can be fitted. Any material, shape, size, etc. can be used. It can be. Further, the connecting member 4 is sufficient as long as it can connect the plurality of pinning jigs 3 to each other, and may be a component other than, for example, a bolt. In the present embodiment, two or three pin members 2 are inserted into the patient's bone, but a plurality of four or more pins may be used.

  As long as the external fixator is equipped with a pin fixing jig made of an integral member having a notch that can be press-fitted into the pin member, it can be applied to ones with different external shapes or with other functions added. Can be applied.

1 External fixator 2 Pin member 3 Pin fixing jig 4 Connecting member (bolt)
5 Nut 6 Notch 7 Insertion hole 8 Through hole 9 Notch 10 Connecting member 11 Spacer

The invention according to claim 1 is a plurality of pin members that can be fixed by inserting distal ends into a plurality of positions of a bone of a patient, and a plurality of pinning jigs that can be fixed to the respective base ends of the pin members. An external fixator comprising a connecting member capable of connecting a plurality of the pinning jigs to each other, wherein the pinning jig comprises an integral member having a notch that can be press-fitted into the pin member. In addition, the notch is formed in a tapered shape having a width that continuously decreases from the side surface to the inside of the pinning jig .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to the first aspect , a through hole having a substantially circular peripheral contour shape is connected to the tip of the tapered notch. To do.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to the first or second aspect , an insertion hole through which the pin member is inserted while being press-fitted is formed in the tapered notch. It is characterized by.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to any one of the first to third aspects, the connecting member includes a bolt having a male screw formed on an outer peripheral surface thereof, and the bolt and the screw. In addition, a nut capable of positioning the pinning jig is provided, and a separation dimension of the pinning jig can be arbitrarily adjusted by screwing the bolt and the nut.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to the fourth aspect , the male screw formed on the bolt includes a threaded portion with the nut on one end side of the bolt and the nut on the other end side. It is characterized in that they are opposite to each other at the threaded portion.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is the external fixator according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the connecting member is formed with a flat surface at the substantially center thereof for holding the tool. And

The invention described in claim 7 is the external fixator according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a spacer is attached between the pinning jigs.

In addition , since the notch is formed in a tapered shape that continuously narrows from the side surface to the inside of the pin fixing jig, it is possible to easily fix the pin member, The pin member can be securely fixed.

According to the invention of claim 2 , since the through hole having a substantially circular peripheral contour shape is connected to the tip of the tapered notch, the taper is tapered during manufacture and use of the external fixator. It is possible to prevent the stress from concentrating on the tip of the notch and damaging it.

According to the invention of claim 3 , since the insertion hole for inserting the pin member while being press-fitted into the tapered notch is formed, the pin member can be fixed in a more stable state.

According to the invention of claim 4 , the connecting member comprises a bolt having a male screw formed on the outer peripheral surface, and includes a nut that can be screwed into the bolt to position the pinning jig, Since the separation dimension of the pinning jig can be arbitrarily adjusted by screwing the nut, the separation dimension of the pinning jig can be easily adjusted according to treatment.

According to the invention of claim 5 , the male screw formed on the bolt is opposite to each other at the screwed portion with the nut on one end side of the bolt and the screwed portion with the nut on the other end side. By rotating the bolt in one direction, the adjacent pinning jigs can be brought close to or separated from each other at the same time.

According to invention of Claim 6 , since the plane which can clamp a tool was formed in the approximate center of the connection member, the fixing operation | work of the pinning jig | tool with a tool can be performed easily and smoothly.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the spacer is attached between the pinning jigs, the distance between the pinning jigs when attaching to the patient can be made more accurate and attached to the patient. The separation dimension of the pinning jig can be maintained in the course of use.

The schematic diagram which shows the state which attached the external fixator which concerns on embodiment of this invention to a patient's bone Front view and side view showing the external fixator Front view and side view showing a pinning member in the external fixator It is a front view which shows the pin member in the same external fixator, Comprising: (a) The state before bending (b) The schematic diagram which shows the state after bending Front view showing a connecting member and a nut in the external fixator The front view which shows the pinning jig | tool (pinning jig | tool with which the through-hole was formed) which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. The front view which shows the pinning jig | tool (pinning jig | tool in which an insertion hole is not formed) which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. Front view showing a pinning jig according to a reference example (pinning jig whose notch is not tapered but has a groove shape with substantially the same width). The front view which shows the connection member (connection member in which the male screw of the reverse direction was formed in the one end side and the other end side) which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. Schematic diagram showing the state of adjusting the separation dimension of the pinning jig with the connecting member The front view which shows the external fixator (external fixator with which the spacer was attached between the pinning jig | tool) which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

However, as shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable to form an R-shaped through hole 8 at the tip of the tapered notch 6. In this case, the through-hole 8 can prevent the stress from being concentrated on the tip of the tapered notch 6 and being damaged when the external fixator 1 is manufactured or used. Incidentally, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, (not to form an insertion hole 7) tapered notch 6 only formed, but it may also as fitted by press-fitting the pin member 2 to the notches 6. As a reference example, as shown in FIG. 8, instead of the notch 6, a notch 9 whose width dimension t is set to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the pin member 2 (substantially the same width in the extending direction). A groove shape having a dimension t) may be used. Since these can fix the pin member 2 to the arbitrary position of the notch 6 or the notch 9, the pin member 2 can be fixed easily.

The pin is formed of an integral member having a notch that can be press-fitted into the pin member , and the notch is formed in a tapered shape that continuously narrows from the side surface to the inside of the pin fixing jig. As long as the external fixator is equipped with a jig, it can be applied to ones having different external shapes or those having other functions added.

Claims (8)

A plurality of pin members that can be fixed by inserting the tip into a plurality of locations on the bone of the patient;
A plurality of pinning jigs that can be fixed to the respective base ends of the pin members;
A connecting member capable of connecting the plurality of pinning jigs to each other;
In the external fixator comprising
The external fixator, wherein the pinning jig is an integral member having a notch that can be press-fitted into the pin member.   The external fixator according to claim 1, wherein the notch is formed in a tapered shape.   The external fixator according to claim 2, wherein an R-shaped through hole is formed at a tip of the tapered cutout.   The external fixator according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an insertion hole for inserting the pin member while being press-fitted is formed in the tapered cutout.   The connecting member includes a bolt having a male screw formed on an outer peripheral surface thereof, and includes a nut that can be screwed to the bolt to position the pin fixing jig. The external fixator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a spacing dimension of the fixing jig can be arbitrarily adjusted.   The male screw formed on the bolt is opposite to each other in a screwed portion with the nut on one end side of the bolt and a screwed portion with the nut on the other end side. 5. An external fixator according to 5.   The external fixator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a flat surface capable of holding a tool is formed at a substantially center of the connecting member.   The external fixator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a spacer is attached between the pinning jigs.

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