JP2017076556A - Battery module for vehicle - Google Patents

Battery module for vehicle Download PDF

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JP2017076556A
JP2017076556A JP2015204186A JP2015204186A JP2017076556A JP 2017076556 A JP2017076556 A JP 2017076556A JP 2015204186 A JP2015204186 A JP 2015204186A JP 2015204186 A JP2015204186 A JP 2015204186A JP 2017076556 A JP2017076556 A JP 2017076556A
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battery module
holder plate
cylindrical
battery
vehicle
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JP6443295B2 (en
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怜史 森岡
Reishi Morioka
怜史 森岡
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a battery module for a vehicle capable of suppressing collapse of a holder plate holding a cylindrical battery when a compressive force is applied from both longitudinal direction ends of the battery module during a vehicle safety performance test or the like.SOLUTION: A battery module 10 for a vehicle includes: a plurality of cylindrical batteries 12; and a long holder plate 14 provided with a plurality of holding holes 21 for holding the plurality of cylindrical batteries 12. The holder plate 14 has an arch shape in a longitudinal direction of the battery module 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、複数の円筒電池が収容された電池モジュールの構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a structure of a battery module in which a plurality of cylindrical batteries are accommodated.

多数の電池を接続して組電池としてケーシングに格納した電池モジュールが電気自動車やハイブリッド車両等の電動車両に利用されている。例えば特許文献１には、複数の円筒電池と、複数の円筒電池を保持するホルダープレートとを備えた電池モジュールが開示されている。ホルダープレートは例えば長尺の金属板から構成される。またホルダープレートには厚さ方向に複数の保持孔が形成されており、各保持孔に円筒電池が挿入される。   A battery module in which a large number of batteries are connected and stored in a casing as an assembled battery is used in an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a battery module including a plurality of cylindrical batteries and a holder plate that holds the plurality of cylindrical batteries. The holder plate is made of a long metal plate, for example. The holder plate is formed with a plurality of holding holes in the thickness direction, and a cylindrical battery is inserted into each holding hole.

特開２０１０−１１３９９９号公報JP 2010-1113999 A

ところで、車両の安全性能試験として、電池モジュールの圧縮試験が行われる場合がある。具体的には、電池モジュールの長手方向両端から圧縮力を印加して電池モジュールを３０％程度圧縮し、その際に発煙や発火が生じないか否かを検査する。このとき、図３に示すようにホルダープレート１０２には長手方向（Ｙ方向）に沿って圧縮力が加えられる。圧縮力の印加過程でホルダープレート１０２が圧壊すると、その破片が刺さるなどして円筒電池１０４が破損して発煙に至るおそれがある。そこで、本発明では、圧縮力印加時におけるホルダープレートの圧壊を抑制可能な、車両用電池モジュールを提供することを目的とする。   By the way, as a vehicle safety performance test, a battery module compression test may be performed. Specifically, a compressive force is applied from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the battery module to compress the battery module by about 30%, and it is inspected whether smoke or ignition occurs at that time. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, a compressive force is applied to the holder plate 102 along the longitudinal direction (Y direction). If the holder plate 102 is crushed in the process of applying a compressive force, the cylindrical battery 104 may be damaged due to puncture of the fragments and smoke may be generated. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle battery module capable of suppressing the collapse of the holder plate when a compressive force is applied.

本発明に係る車両用電池モジュールは、複数の円筒電池と、前記円筒電池を保持する保持孔が複数形成された長尺のホルダープレートと、を備える。前記ホルダープレートは、長手方向に沿ったアーチ形状である。   The vehicle battery module according to the present invention includes a plurality of cylindrical batteries and a long holder plate in which a plurality of holding holes for holding the cylindrical batteries are formed. The holder plate has an arch shape along the longitudinal direction.

本発明によれば、長手方向に圧縮力が印加されたときにホルダープレートがアーチ形状に沿って撓むので、圧壊が抑制可能となる。   According to the present invention, since the holder plate bends along the arch shape when a compressive force is applied in the longitudinal direction, the collapse can be suppressed.

本実施形態に係る車両用電池モジュールを例示する分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view which illustrates the battery module for vehicles concerning this embodiment. 本実施形態に係る車両用電池モジュールに対する圧縮試験の様子を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the mode of the compression test to the battery module for vehicles concerning this embodiment. 従来技術に係る車両用電池モジュールに対する圧縮試験の様子を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the mode of the compression test with respect to the battery module for vehicles which concerns on a prior art.

図１に、本実施形態に係る電池モジュール１０の分解斜視図を示す。電池モジュール１０は、電気自動車やハイブリッド車両等の電動車両に搭載される。電池モジュール１０は、複数の円筒電池１２、これらを保持するホルダープレート１４、円筒電池１２の鉛直上側（Ｚ軸方向上側）を覆うカバー１６、正極側バスバー２０、負極側バスバー２２、正極側バスバー２０を覆う天井蓋２８及び負極側バスバー２２を覆う底蓋１８を含んで構成される。   FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the battery module 10 according to the present embodiment. The battery module 10 is mounted on an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. The battery module 10 includes a plurality of cylindrical batteries 12, a holder plate 14 that holds them, a cover 16 that covers the vertical upper side (upper Z-axis direction) of the cylindrical battery 12, a positive bus bar 20, a negative bus bar 22, and a positive bus bar 20. And the bottom cover 18 covering the negative electrode side bus bar 22.

円筒電池１２は、充放電可能な二次電池であり、例えば、円筒型のケースに収められたニッケル水素電池、リチウムイオン電池等である。電池モジュール１０には、例えば６０本程度の円筒電池１２が収容される。   The cylindrical battery 12 is a chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery, such as a nickel metal hydride battery or a lithium ion battery housed in a cylindrical case. For example, about 60 cylindrical batteries 12 are accommodated in the battery module 10.

カバー１６は、複数の円筒電池１２の組の四方側面及び鉛直上方を覆う。カバー１６は例えば樹脂等の絶縁部材から構成される。カバー１６の天井面には各円筒電池１２のプラス電極が突出する開口２４が設けられ、長手方向側面にはスリット２６が長手方向に沿って複数形成されている。なお、図１ではカバー１６の図手前側の面のみが示されているが、対向する側面（図１奥側の面）にもスリット２６が形成されている。カバー１６の図１手前側のスリット２６から冷却空気がカバー１６の内部に流入して円筒電池１２を冷却する。冷却後の空気は図１奥側のスリット２６から排気される。   The cover 16 covers the four side surfaces and the vertically upper side of the set of the plurality of cylindrical batteries 12. The cover 16 is made of an insulating member such as resin. An opening 24 from which the plus electrode of each cylindrical battery 12 protrudes is provided on the ceiling surface of the cover 16, and a plurality of slits 26 are formed along the longitudinal direction on the side surface in the longitudinal direction. In FIG. 1, only the front surface of the cover 16 is shown, but a slit 26 is also formed on the opposite side surface (the back surface in FIG. 1). Cooling air flows into the cover 16 from the slit 26 on the front side of the cover 16 in FIG. 1 to cool the cylindrical battery 12. The cooled air is exhausted from the slit 26 at the back of FIG.

正極側バスバー２０は円筒電池１２の正極端子に接続され、負極側バスバー２２は円筒電池１２の負極端子に接続される。正極側バスバー２０及び負極側バスバー２２は長手方向（図面Ｙ方向）に沿って分割された導電体からなる分割体を含んで構成される。分割体はそれぞれ複数の円筒電池１２をカバーするように構成されており、正極側バスバー２０の分割体と負極側バスバー２２の分割体を円筒電池１２に接続することで、これら分割体に挟まれた複数の円筒電池１２は並列接続される。さらに分割体同士が直列接続される。正極側バスバー２０の鉛直上方には樹脂製の天井蓋２８が取り付けられる。また、負極側バスバー２２の鉛直下側には底蓋１８が取り付けられる。   The positive side bus bar 20 is connected to the positive terminal of the cylindrical battery 12, and the negative side bus bar 22 is connected to the negative terminal of the cylindrical battery 12. The positive electrode side bus bar 20 and the negative electrode side bus bar 22 include a divided body made of a conductor divided along the longitudinal direction (the Y direction in the drawing). Each of the divided bodies is configured to cover a plurality of cylindrical batteries 12. By connecting the divided body of the positive electrode side bus bar 20 and the divided body of the negative electrode side bus bar 22 to the cylindrical battery 12, the divided body is sandwiched between these divided bodies. The plurality of cylindrical batteries 12 are connected in parallel. Further, the divided bodies are connected in series. A resin ceiling lid 28 is attached vertically above the positive electrode side bus bar 20. A bottom lid 18 is attached to the vertical lower side of the negative electrode side bus bar 22.

ホルダープレート１４は、複数の円筒電池１２を保持する保持部材である。図１に示すようにホルダープレート１４は長尺板状の部材であり、例えばアルミニウム等の金属材料をダイキャスト加工することで製造される。   The holder plate 14 is a holding member that holds the plurality of cylindrical batteries 12. As shown in FIG. 1, the holder plate 14 is a long plate-like member, and is manufactured by die-casting a metal material such as aluminum, for example.

ホルダープレート１４には、厚さ方向に貫通された保持孔２１が複数形成されており、これに円筒電池１２が差し込まれる。円筒電池１２の外周面と保持孔２１の内壁面との間に接着剤を充填することで、円筒電池１２がホルダープレート１４に固着される。ホルダープレート１４で保持された箇所から鉛直上方は、カバー１６のスリット２６から冷却空気が供給される冷却領域となっている。円筒電池１２の冷却領域を稼ぐために、円筒電池１２はその長手方向中心よりも負極側を（つまり円筒電池１２の下側を）ホルダープレート１４に保持される。   A plurality of holding holes 21 penetrating in the thickness direction are formed in the holder plate 14, and the cylindrical battery 12 is inserted into the holding holes 21. The cylindrical battery 12 is fixed to the holder plate 14 by filling an adhesive between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical battery 12 and the inner wall surface of the holding hole 21. A portion vertically held from the position held by the holder plate 14 is a cooling region to which cooling air is supplied from the slit 26 of the cover 16. In order to gain a cooling region for the cylindrical battery 12, the cylindrical battery 12 is held on the holder plate 14 on the negative electrode side (that is, on the lower side of the cylindrical battery 12) from the longitudinal center.

また、ホルダープレート１４は金属材料等の熱伝導性部材から構成されており、円筒電池１２間の熱を伝達させて均一化させる散熱板としての機能も備えている。熱伝導により効果的に熱移動が行われるように、ホルダープレート１４はある程度の厚みを持っている。例えばホルダープレート１４の厚さは１０ｍｍから２０ｍｍ程度となるように構成される。   Further, the holder plate 14 is made of a heat conductive member such as a metal material, and also has a function as a heat dissipating plate for transferring heat between the cylindrical batteries 12 to make it uniform. The holder plate 14 has a certain thickness so that heat transfer is effectively performed by heat conduction. For example, the thickness of the holder plate 14 is configured to be about 10 mm to 20 mm.

さらに、図１及び図２に示すように、本実施形態に係るホルダープレート１４は、長手方向（図のＹ方向）に沿ったアーチ形状となるように形成されている。このような形状とすることで、車両の安全性能試験時などに電池モジュール１０が長手方向から圧縮力を印加されても、図２に示すように、ホルダープレート１４がアーチに沿って撓み（しなり）、圧壊が抑制される。このように、本実施形態に係るホルダープレート１４は、圧縮力の一部を曲げ変形力に変えることで圧壊を抑制している。   Furthermore, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the holder plate 14 which concerns on this embodiment is formed so that it may become an arch shape along a longitudinal direction (Y direction of a figure). With this shape, even when the battery module 10 is applied with a compressive force from the longitudinal direction during a vehicle safety performance test or the like, the holder plate 14 bends along the arch as shown in FIG. ), Crushing is suppressed. Thus, the holder plate 14 according to the present embodiment suppresses crushing by changing a part of the compressive force to the bending deformation force.

図２に示すように、ホルダープレート１４は電池モジュール１０の鉛直下側に配置される。したがって、ホルダープレート１４を鉛直下側に凸となるようなアーチ形状とすると、撓みの余地（撓み代）が相対的に小さくなる。そこで、ホルダープレート１４は、図２に示すような、鉛直上側に凸となるアーチ形状とすることが好適である。   As shown in FIG. 2, the holder plate 14 is disposed vertically below the battery module 10. Therefore, if the holder plate 14 has an arch shape that protrudes vertically downward, the room for bending (bending allowance) becomes relatively small. Therefore, it is preferable that the holder plate 14 has an arch shape that protrudes vertically upward as shown in FIG.

なお、ホルダープレート１４を鉛直上側に凸となるアーチ形状とすると、長手方向中央付近の円筒電池１２の冷却領域（冷却空気に触れる面積）が相対的に小さくなる。つまりこの円筒電池１２は電池モジュール１０内で最も高温になり易い。この特性を利用して（逆手にとって）、長手方向中央付近の円筒電池１２の温度を電池モジュール１０内の円筒電池１２の代表値としてモニタリングしてもよい。最も高温になり易い円筒電池１２に狙いを絞り、この温度に応じて冷却空気の流量等を制御することで、電池モジュール１０内の複数の円筒電池１２全体の過熱が防止可能となる。   If the holder plate 14 has an arch shape that protrudes upward in the vertical direction, the cooling area (area that contacts the cooling air) of the cylindrical battery 12 near the center in the longitudinal direction becomes relatively small. That is, the cylindrical battery 12 is likely to be the highest temperature in the battery module 10. Using this characteristic (for the reverse hand), the temperature of the cylindrical battery 12 near the center in the longitudinal direction may be monitored as a representative value of the cylindrical battery 12 in the battery module 10. By focusing on the cylindrical battery 12 that is likely to be the highest temperature and controlling the flow rate of the cooling air according to this temperature, overheating of the entire cylindrical battery 12 in the battery module 10 can be prevented.

１０ 電池モジュール、１２ 円筒電池、１４ ホルダープレート、１６ カバー、２０ 正極側バスバー、２１ 保持孔、２２ 負極側バスバー。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Battery module, 12 Cylindrical battery, 14 Holder plate, 16 Cover, 20 Positive side bus bar, 21 Holding hole, 22 Negative side bus bar.

Claims (1)

複数の円筒電池と、
前記複数の円筒電池を保持する保持孔が複数形成された長尺のホルダープレートと、
を備え、
前記ホルダープレートは、長手方向に沿ったアーチ形状であることを特徴とする、車両用電池モジュール。 A plurality of cylindrical batteries;
A long holder plate formed with a plurality of holding holes for holding the plurality of cylindrical batteries;
With
The battery module for a vehicle, wherein the holder plate has an arch shape along a longitudinal direction.
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