JP2017070879A - Barley cob stripper - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a barley cob stripper capable of contributing to an improvement in yield by removing a cob from a barley cobbed grain to increase the yield of grain size regulation.SOLUTION: A barley cob stripper comprises: a pair of right and left rubber rolls 5, 7; rotation driving means 10, 11, 12 that rotate the rubber rolls 5, 7 by peripheral velocities different from each other and in reverse directions; roll proximity means 15 that brings the rubber rolls 5, 7 into face contact close to each other; roll gap forming means 20 that forms a predetermined gap between the rubber rolls; species setting means 31 that sets a kind of cereal; and control means 30 that supplies cobbed grains into roll gaps to operate the roll gap forming means 20 so that cobs can come off.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a barley cobs removing device that can remove the cobs from grains of barley with cobs and increase the rate of sizing.

  The raw material of beer as an alcoholic beverage is barley. For example, beer barley and Nijo barley are well known. The harvesting period is from June to August, and about one week after the wheat ears become golden, the appropriate harvesting period is reached. Harvesting is performed by a combine, and the harvesting part (divider, reel and cutting blade) of the combine harvests wheat cereal while the threshing part (comb cylinder, concave and rear beater) of the combine harvests the wheat cereal. Threshing is performed to remove only the real part. The threshed wheat nuts are loaded onto a truck and then transported from the field to a grain common drying preparation facility where drying and preparation operations are performed.

  At the grain cereal drying preparation facility, after receiving and weighing, a portion of the wheat sample is collected and quality checked. When the quality check is completed, the coarse trash such as straw, husk, straw, earth and sand, twine, etc. mixed in the raw wheat are removed from the receiving hopper via the cerealing machine. . And it is thrown into a grain dryer through a temporary storage tank etc. via a grain raising machine etc., and wheat is dried.

  In a grain dryer, drying is performed to a predetermined moisture with a drying rate of 0.6% / h or less and a hot air temperature of approximately 45 ° C. or less so as to avoid rapid drying or high-temperature drying. In the case of barley, since the hulling process except for shells and “fu” is not necessary, a fine selection process by wind sorting, rocking sorting, and particle size sorting is performed immediately after the drying process. In the particle size selection in this fine selection process, for example, in the case of beer barley, the screen of the selected screen cylinder is 2.5 mm, and in the case of Nijo barley, the screen processing is performed based on the screen of 2.3 mm. At this time, the sizing rate is targeted to be 95% or more in the case of beer barley.

  In the case of beer barley as described above, the sizing yield needs to be 95% or more, but in reality, wheat straw (straw) or grains with a cobs may be mixed during sizing, It is regarded as a foreign substance and is removed from the sized particles (FIG. 8 shows the grains with a cobs mixed in the sized particles. About 5% of all grains are grains with a cobs). For example, agricultural cooperatives (JA) and organizations (American Wheat Improvement Association), etc., may thoroughly implement quality control for farmers and producers so that wheat straw and grains with cobs are not mixed during sizing (for example, non- Patent Document 1).

  However, the cause of mixing wheat straw and cob grains during sizing is due to poor threshing in the combine threshing part (saw barrel, concave and rear beater) in the field, or in the sorting part (pressure wind fan, chaff sheave) In some cases, it may be caused by poor sorting, and narrowing the mesh width of the sorting screen cylinder in the selection process of the co-drying facility to tighten the acceptance criteria leads to a decrease in yield.

  On the other hand, there is also a machine that separates and sorts foreign matters such as cereals from wheat grains using a rice hull sorter when referring to the fine selection of wheat (for example, see Patent Document 1). When the wheat is carefully selected, the width of the roll gap is widened more than when the rice milling operation is performed, and the dew treatment is not performed. The swing selection process is performed. However, in such a swing sorting process, it is possible to sort the grains with the cobs from the sized particles. However, as described above, the grains with the cobs are regarded as foreign substances and are removed from the sized particles. This leads to a decrease in the commission.

Seed Seed Agricultural Cooperative Association, Tochigi Prefecture Rice Wheat Improvement Association, “Everything from wheat seed producers, free of mixed varieties, foreign matter (straw and hojiku), and excellent seed germination shipping!” [Search September 25, 2015], Internet <URL: http://tochigi-beibaku.or.jp/data/hinshitsu/02.pdf>

JP 2000-61331 A

  In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a barley cobs removing device that can remove cobs from grains with cobs of barley to increase the rate of sizing and contribute to improvement in yield. As an objective.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
A cobs removing device for removing cobs from grains with cobs contained in barley after harvesting,
A pair of left and right rubber rolls in which one of the rotationally driven rubber rolls is a fixed side roll and the other of the rotationally driven rubber rolls is a moving side roll;
Rotation drive means for rotating the pair of left and right rubber rolls at different circumferential speeds and in opposite directions;
Roll proximity means for bringing the moving roll closer to the fixed roll and bringing the roll surfaces into close surface contact with each other on a line connecting the centers of the rotation axes of the pair of left and right rubber rolls;
Roll gap forming means for moving the moving side roll away from the fixed side roll so as to have a predetermined interval between the pair of left and right rubber rolls in close surface contact with each other;
Variety setting means for setting the type of grain supplied between the pair of left and right rubber rolls;
And a control means for operating the roll gap forming means to supply the grains with the cob to the roll gap so that the cob can be detached when barley is selected as the variety setting means. Measures were taken.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that when the control means operates the roll gap forming means, the distance of the roll gap is set in a range of 3.0 to 5.0 mm.

  Furthermore, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, when cocoon is selected as the product type setting means, the control means starts the detaching process without operating the roll gap forming means. .

According to the present invention, a pair of left and right rubber rolls in which one of the rotationally driven rubber rolls is a fixed side roll and the other of the rotationally driven rubber rolls is a moving side roll, and the pair of left and right rubber rolls A rotation drive means for rotating the rollers at different peripheral speeds in opposite directions, and a surface of the roll by bringing the moving roll closer to the fixed roll on a line connecting the centers of rotation axes of the pair of left and right rubber rolls Roll proximity means for bringing the two rollers into close surface contact with each other, and roll gap forming means for moving the moving side roll away from the fixed side roll so as to have a predetermined distance between the pair of left and right rubber rolls in close surface contact with each other. Varieties setting means for setting the type of grain to be supplied between the pair of left and right rubber rolls, and when barley is selected as the varieties setting means, grains with a cobs are placed in the gap between the rolls. And a control means for actuating the roll gap forming means so that the cobs can be detached, so that the pair of left and right rubber rolls can be separated from each other by the rotation drive means. Rotate in the reverse direction at a speed, and then bring the pair of left and right rubber rolls into close surface contact with each other by the roll proximity means, and further input that the raw material is “barley” by the variety setting means The control means issues a command to the roll gap forming means to adjust the spread between the rolls so as to form a roll gap between the pair of left and right rubber rolls.
If the beer barley used as a raw material in this state is supplied to the roll gap, it is possible to obtain a sized particle in which only the cobs are removed from the grains with the cobs of barley by friction due to the difference in peripheral speed between the pair of left and right rolls. It becomes like this. That is, the cobs can be removed from the grains of beer barley with the cobs to increase the rate of sizing, and as a result, the yield can be improved.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, when the control means operates the roll gap forming means, the roll gap distance is set in the range of 3.0 to 5.0 mm. When obtaining a sized granule from which only the cobs are removed, it is possible to improve the sized ratio by about 5%, compared to the case where beer barley is carefully selected by conventional sieving only. It has become possible.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, when the grape setting means is selected, the control means is controlled so as to start the detachment process without operating the roll gap forming means. Therefore, a pair of rubber rolls are brought into intimate surface contact with each other to supply the ridges, thereby enabling a de-rolling process having a longer roll contact length than forming a gap. This is advantageous in improving the deflation rate and detaching the long grain varieties produced in foreign countries.

It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the apparatus for implementing this invention. It is a schematic back view explaining the structure of the rotation drive part of this apparatus. It is a figure explaining the contact length of a collar and a roll. It is an enlarged view explaining the structure of the function which removes a cob from the grain with a cob of beer barley. It is a block diagram which shows a control structure. It is a flowchart explaining the control content. It is the schematic for demonstrating an Example. It is a photograph explaining the grain with a cob contained in beer barley.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating the configuration of the cob removing device, and FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view illustrating the configuration of the drive unit of the cob removing device.

  1 and 2, the cob removing device 1 includes a machine frame 3 with a grain supply port 2, and a fixed-side roll 5 supported by a fixed shaft 4 that is horizontally installed in the machine frame 3 so as to be rotatable. A pair of left and right rubber rolls 5 and 7 comprising a movable roll 7 supported by a movable shaft 6 which is horizontally disposed and a right under the grain supply port 2 to adjust the grain flow rate. A vibration feeder 8 and a guide chute 9 provided between the vibration feeder 8 and the pair of rubber rolls 5, 7 for feeding the grain from the vibration feeder 8 between the pair of rubber rolls 5, 7. And is configured.

  The guide chute 9 is provided with a predetermined inclination angle, and the width of the guide chute 9 (in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1) is formed to be substantially equal to the width of the rubber rolls 5 and 7. When the line connecting the centers of the fixed shaft 4 and the moving shaft 6 and the extension line of the guide chute 9 (flight trajectory where the grain is thrown out) intersect each other almost perpendicularly, the rubber rolls 5, 7 When the grain is supplied, the roll is not repelled by the rolls 5 and 7, and the occurrence of crushed particles is suppressed.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view illustrating the configuration of the drive unit. The pair of rubber rolls 5 and 7 are arranged to rotate in opposite directions at different circumferential speeds. That is, a drive motor 10 as a rotational drive means is provided at the center of the machine casing 3, while a small-diameter pulley 11 that rotates the fixed roll 5 at a high speed is provided on the fixed shaft 4 on the rear side of the machine casing 3. A large-diameter pulley 12 that supports the moving roll 7 at a low speed is supported on the moving shaft 6 on the back side of the machine casing 3. Reference numeral 17 denotes an idler pulley which can be adjusted in position by expansion and contraction of the air cylinder 18.

  Then, the motor pulley 16 that is attached to the motor shaft 10 a of the drive motor 10, the idler pulley 17, the small-diameter pulley 11, and the large-diameter pulley 12 are wound around an endless belt 19 to form a drive system. In forming this drive system, if the endless belt 19 is wound with the large-diameter pulley 12 positioned closer to the motor pulley 16 and the small-diameter pulley 11 positioned farther, the load on the endless belt 19 is reduced. The endless belt 19 is difficult to cut and durability is improved. 2, the motor pulley 16 is rotated counterclockwise, whereby the small diameter pulley 11 is rotated counterclockwise and the large diameter pulley 12 is rotated clockwise, and the pair of rubber rolls 5 is rotated. , 7 are rotated in different circumferential speeds and in opposite directions (inward directions), and if grains (for example, straw) are fed between the rolls 5, 7, the rice husks are sheared to break and the deflation is performed. become.

  On the other hand, the moving shaft 6 and the large-diameter pulley 12 are mounted on a rotating lever 14 that can be rotated around a fulcrum shaft 13. A movable rod portion 15a (FIG. 4) of an air cylinder 15 fixed to the machine casing 3 is connected. This is a roll proximity means, and when the movable rod portion 15a of the air cylinder 15 is contracted (the two-dot chain line portion in FIG. 2), the moving side roll 7 is the center of the fixed shaft 4 and the moving shaft 6. The surface of the moving side roll 7 and the fixed side roll 5 can be brought into close surface contact with each other in the direction of the fixed side roll 5 on the line connecting the two.

  As described above, the surface of the pair of rubber rolls 7 and 5 (the moving-side roll 7 and the fixed-side roll 5) is brought into close surface contact with each other to release the grain (for example, straw) The length of contact with the roll increases, and the removal rate improves. In addition, a more suitable dehulling rate can be obtained when dehulling long grain varieties having a long foreign rice grain. This will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the contact length between the ridge and the roll, FIG. 3 (a) is a view when the roll gap is formed and removed, and FIG. It is a figure at the time of removing as (surface contact | close_contacts closely). In FIG. 3A, when the roll radius is r, the roll gap is c, and the thickness of the ridge is d, the length L in which the ridge is in contact with the roll is approximately,

(Agricultural Mechanics / 3 Agricultural Mechanics, published by Buneidou Publishing Co., Ltd., published on July 10, 1980, p9, Noboru Kawamura author representative).

  Here, in FIG. 3A, the roll contact length L when the distance c of the roll gap is set to 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm, and the distance c of the roll gap in FIG. When the roll contact length L ′ when set to is compared, it can be seen that the roll contact length L ′ when the roll gap c in FIG. 3B is set to approximately 0 mm is longer. Therefore, it is advantageous to bring the surfaces of the pair of rubber rolls 7 and 5 into close surface contact with each other in order to improve the removal rate and to remove the long grain varieties produced in foreign countries.

  Next, the function which removes a cob from the grain with a cob of beer barley which is the principal part of this invention is demonstrated. Referring to FIG. 2, the pair of rubber rolls 7, 5 are separated from each other from the surface contact state in the vicinity of the air cylinder 15 that brings the rotation lever 14 into close surface contact with each other. Roll gap forming means 20 for forming a gap therebetween is provided. Referring to FIG. 4, the roll gap forming means 20 has a threaded groove 21 a formed therein, a pressing rod 21 that rotates the rotating lever 14 counterclockwise, and an interior of the pressing rod 21. And a screw shaft 22 formed with a screw thread 22a to be screwed into the screw groove 21a of the pressing rod 21, and a gear motor 23 that is attached to the screw shaft 22 and rotates the screw shaft 22. Composed. Reference numeral 24 is a flange for preventing the rotation of the pressing rod 21 and the screw shaft 22, reference numeral 25 is a limit switch for detecting the upper limit value of the movement amount of the pressing rod 21, and reference numeral 26 is There is a limit switch for detecting the lower limit value of the movement amount of the pressing rod 21, and reference numeral 27 is a movement amount detecting piece attached to the pressing rod 21.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram for explaining the drive configuration of the drive motor, the control configuration for operating the grain type setting means, the roll proximity means and the roll gap forming means.

  In FIG. 5, reference numeral 30 denotes a control unit that controls each unit, and is executed by, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a first storage medium (RAM) that can read and write data as a work area of the CPU, and the CPU. A read-only second storage medium (ROM) for recording a basic program, a third storage medium comprising a hard disk device or a non-volatile flash memory device, and an input device / display device such as a touch panel. Is done.

  A power switch 29, a product type setting switch 31 for setting the product type of grain, and a roll gap opening degree adjusting switch 32 are connected to the control unit 30 via the input interface 33. In addition to such setting switches, a limit switch 25 that detects the upper limit value of the movement amount of the pressing rod 21 and a limit switch 26 that detects the lower limit value are connected to the control unit 30 via the input interface 33.

  On the output side of the output interface 34, a drive motor 10 that rotationally drives the rubber rolls 5 and 7, an air cylinder 15 that brings the moving roll 7 close to the fixed roll 5 and brings the roll surfaces into close surface contact with each other, and A gear motor 23 for forming a roll gap is connected to separate the rolls and form a gap between the rolls.

  Next, the control content will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG. First, in step 1, the power switch of the cob removing device 1 is turned on (step S1), and the drive motor 10 is turned on by turning on the power of the drive motor 10 (step S2). Next, the rubber rolls 5 and 7 are brought into close surface contact with each other in preparation for the case of removing the cob of barley or the case of removing the straw. In this case, when the air cylinder 15 is turned on, the movable rod portion 15a of the air cylinder 15 is contracted, the moving side roll 7 approaches the fixed side roll 5, and the rolls are brought into close contact with each other. It comes to be rotationally driven. In this state, whether the raw material is “barley” or “strawberry” is selected (step S4). In this selection, whether “barley” or “籾” is detected based on the kind setting switch 31 operated in advance by the operator, or “barley” or “籾” is detected by other kind determination sensors. Automatic determination can be performed.

  If the raw material variety is “barley”, a command is issued to the roll gap forming means 20 so as to form a roll gap between the rubber rolls 5 and 7, and the gap between the rolls 5 and 7 is expanded. It is adjusted (step S5). That is, when the timer is operated and the gear motor 23 is operated for a predetermined time (step S6), the screw shaft 22 is rotated for a predetermined time, and the pressing rod 21 is extended accordingly (in FIG. 4, the pressing rod 21 is leftward in the drawing). The rotating lever 14 is pressed against the pulling force of the air cylinder 15 in the direction of rotating the rotating lever 14 counterclockwise. Thereby, a gap is formed between the rolls 5 and 7 in the range of 3 mm to 5 mm.

  In this embodiment, the gear motor 23 is driven using a timer for forming the roll gap. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a distance sensor or a limit switch for measuring and monitoring the distance of the roll gap is appropriately used. You may use anything.

  Moreover, when the movement amount detection piece 27 of the pressing rod 21 is a spread adjustment that detects the limit switch 25 that detects the upper limit value or the limit switch 26 that detects the lower limit value, there is a problem that the movement amount is too large. Occurs. At this time, it is preferable to cut off the power supply to the gear motor 23 so as to prevent excessive overload to the gear motor 23.

  If the shutter 28 for supplying the raw material is opened (step S7), the barley serving as the raw material is supplied between the rolls 5 and 7, and the sized particles in which only the cob is removed from the grains with the cob of barley. Is obtained (step S8). This leads to the removal of the cobs from the grains with the cobs of beer barley and increases the rate of sizing, which in turn can contribute to the improvement of the yield.

  In step S4, when the type of raw material is “籾”, the formation of the roll gap on the rubber rolls 5 and 7 is not performed. Because, when the surfaces of the rubber rolls 5 and 7 are brought into intimate surface contact with each other and removed, the length of the raw material that comes into contact with the roll increases, and the removal rate improves. Moreover, it is because it becomes suitable when removing the long grain varieties produced in foreign countries with long rice grains.

  If the shutter 28 for supplying the raw material is opened in this state (step S7), the soot as the raw material is supplied between the rolls 5 and 7, the contact pressure generated on the contact surface between the soot and the rolls 5 and 7, and the roll 5 7, the rice husk is sheared and crushed by the frictional force due to the difference in peripheral speed, and brown rice is obtained (step S 8).

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Moreover, although the Example mainly takes the example of beer barley, it is not limited to this.

  Conventionally, beer barley drying / preparation work has been finished by sieving only a screened net without scouring. In the guidance of the Rice Wheat Improvement Association, in the case of the sizing ratio, it was required to finish to 95% or more, but in fact, the grains with the cobs were removed from the sizing, and the sizing ratio was 90%. It was about.

  As this example, the sizing rate was evaluated at the JA Oyama Kokubunji Rice Center (Koganei, Shimono City, Tochigi Prefecture). The hulling machine is a Satake model: HPS100KE 10-inch hulling machine with roll gap forming means that has a predetermined gap between a pair of rubber rolls. The distance between the rolls was set to 3 to 5 mm, and the grains with the cobs were supplied to separate the cobs (see FIG. 7).

  As a result, the cobs are removed from the grains with the cobs that have been removed, and it is possible to ensure sizing. In comparison, it was found that the sizing rate was improved by about 5% (that is, a sizing rate of 95% could be secured).

  In the present invention, the cob can be removed from the grain with barbed of barley to increase the rate of sizing and contribute to the improvement of the yield.

1 Cob removing device 2 Grain supply port 3 Machine frame 4 Fixed shaft 5 Fixed roll (rubber roll)
6 Moving shaft 7 Moving roll (rubber roll)
8 Vibration feeder 9 Guide chute 10 Drive motor 11 Small diameter pulley 12 Large diameter pulley 13 Support shaft 14 Rotating lever 15 Air cylinder 16 Motor pulley 17 Idler pulley 18 Air cylinder
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 Endless belt 20 Roll gap formation means 21 Press rod 22 Screw shaft 23 Gear motor 24 Girth part 25 Limit switch 26 Limit switch 27 Movement amount detection piece 28 Shutter 29 Power switch 30 Control part 31 Type setting switch 32 Roll gap opening degree adjustment switch 33 Input interface 34 Output interface

Claims (3)

A cobs removing device for removing cobs from grains with cobs contained in barley after harvesting,
A pair of left and right rubber rolls in which one of the rotationally driven rubber rolls is a fixed side roll and the other of the rotationally driven rubber rolls is a moving side roll;
Rotation drive means for rotating the pair of left and right rubber rolls at different circumferential speeds and in opposite directions;
Roll proximity means for bringing the moving roll closer to the fixed roll and bringing the roll surfaces into close surface contact with each other on a line connecting the centers of the rotation axes of the pair of left and right rubber rolls;
Roll gap forming means for moving the moving side roll away from the fixed side roll so as to form a predetermined interval between the pair of left and right rubber rolls in close surface contact with each other;
Variety setting means for setting the type of grain supplied between the pair of left and right rubber rolls;
When barley is selected as the variety setting means, control means for operating the roll gap forming means to supply the grains with the cobs to the roll gap and enable the cobs to be detached,
An apparatus for removing the cob of barley, comprising:   2. The barley cobs removing device according to claim 1, wherein the control means sets the distance between the roll gaps in a range of 3.0 to 5.0 mm when the roll gap forming means is operated. 2. The barley cobs removing device according to claim 1, wherein the control means starts the defusing process without operating the roll gap forming means when the variety setting means is selected.

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