JP2017060598A - Shunt vibration information detector - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shunt vibration information detector capable of detecting shunt vibration information such as a shunt sound from an optional spot on a skin, while suppressing an influence of a noise generated from an operator.SOLUTION: A shunt vibration information detector 1 includes a holding part 8 holdable by an operator, a detection part 3 for detecting shunt vibration information generated from an optional spot on a skin, sound insulation parts 11, 12 for preventing a sound propagated from the operator from being propagated to the detection part 3 through the holding part 8.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a shunt vibration information detection device that detects shunt vibration information such as a shunt sound emitted from a blood vessel in which a shunt is formed for hemodialysis and the like.

  Conventionally, for the purpose of obtaining a blood flow rate suitable for hemodialysis or the like, a part called a shunt is formed by anastomosing an artery and vein such as a forearm or thigh of a living body of a patient or the like by surgery. ing. By forming such a shunt, arterial blood flows directly from the artery to the vein, so that sufficient blood flow is obtained by puncturing the vein downstream (hereinafter referred to as “shunt blood vessel”) from the shunt to a predetermined range. be able to.

  It is known that a shunt blood vessel emits a unique blood flow sound caused by a turbulent sound generated in the shunt blood vessel called a shunt sound. Therefore, when identifying the puncture position, auscultation with a stethoscope is generally used in addition to visual inspection and palpation. However, no matter which method is used, it is necessary to rely on the skills of medical personnel. In particular, patients with diabetic primary disease have narrow blood vessels and tend to be obese, so that the blood vessel position is deep and visual and palpation is difficult.

  By the way, it has been devised to detect the state of a shunt blood vessel by detecting shunt vibration information such as a shunt sound (for example, see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). In Patent Document 1, a shunt sound is detected by a microphone fixed in proximity to the shunt formation site, and an alarm is issued when the detection value of the shunt sound satisfies a predetermined condition, whereby the blood circulation state at the shunt formation site is indicated. A monitoring device that can be monitored is disclosed. Patent Document 2 discloses a monitoring system that can convert a shunt sound into an electrical signal by a sensor fixed in the vicinity of a shunt portion of a dialysis patient and detect an abnormality according to the condition of the shunt sound. Yes.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-115547 JP 2011-98090 A

  Both the monitoring device disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the monitoring system disclosed in Patent Document 2 detect the shunt sound by the detection means fixed in the vicinity of the shunt blood vessel, and therefore search for the position of the shunt blood vessel in advance. In this case, it is necessary to fix the detecting means, and there is a problem that even if an abnormality occurs in a portion of the shunt blood vessel away from the place where the detecting means is fixed, it cannot be detected.

  On the other hand, if the detection means is unlocked in order to detect shunt sounds at different locations, it is necessary to hold the detection means by the operator's hand when detecting the shunt sound. There is a possibility that noise such as a body sound (pulsation sound or the like) generated by the operator may be detected.

  The present invention has been developed in view of the above-described present situation, and shunt vibration information capable of detecting shunt vibration information such as a shunt sound at any location on the skin while suppressing the influence of noise generated by an operator. An object is to provide a detection device.

  In order to achieve the above object, a shunt vibration information detection device of the present invention includes a held portion that can be held by an operator, a detection portion that detects shunt vibration information generated from an arbitrary location on the skin, and And a soundproofing unit that prevents the sound propagated from the operator via the held portion from propagating to the detection unit.

  Here, in the shunt vibration information detection device of the present invention, it is preferable that the soundproof portion is located between the held portion and the detection portion.

  In the shunt vibration information detection device of the present invention, it is preferable that the soundproofing unit is a first soundproofing unit, and further includes a second soundproofing unit that prevents propagation of environmental sound to the detection unit.

  Further, in the shunt vibration information detection device of the present invention, the second soundproofing unit, together with the first soundproofing unit, has an opening communicating with the outside and defines an accommodation space for accommodating the detection unit. The space is preferably a closed space in a state where the opening is closed by the skin.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the shunt vibration information detection apparatus of this invention is accommodated in the said accommodation space in the state in which the said detection part does not protrude from the said opening.

  In the shunt vibration information detection device of the present invention, it is preferable that the held portion, the detection portion, and the opening are arranged on a straight line in this order.

  In the shunt vibration information detection device of the present invention, it is preferable that the held portion is a mounting portion that defines a hollow portion into which the operator's finger can be inserted.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the shunt vibration information detection device of the present invention further includes a notification unit and a control unit that causes the notification unit to notify the shunt vibration information detected by the detection unit.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the shunt vibration information detection apparatus which can detect shunt vibration information, such as a shunt sound in arbitrary places on skin, can suppress the influence of the noise which generate | occur | produces from an operator.

It is a perspective view which shows the shunt vibration information detection apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the shunt vibration information detection apparatus shown in FIG. It is a bottom view of the shunt vibration information detection apparatus shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which expanded a part along the AA line of FIG. It is a partial cross section figure which shows the example which made the surface of the to-be-held part of the shunt vibration information detection apparatus shown in FIG. 1 uneven | corrugated shape. It is a perspective view which shows the modification 1 of the shunt vibration information detection apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing to which some shunt vibration information detection apparatuses shown in FIG. 6 were expanded. It is a perspective view which shows the modification 2 of the shunt vibration information detection apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing to which some shunt vibration information detection apparatuses shown in FIG. 8 were expanded. It is a perspective view which shows the modification 3 of the shunt vibration information detection apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing to which some shunt vibration information detection apparatuses shown in FIG. 10 were expanded.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. In the present specification, the vertical direction means a direction perpendicular to the plane when the contact portion 4 of the shunt vibration information detecting apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is brought into contact with the plane, and the upper direction means the contact portion. 4, the direction in which the display unit 5 is located (that is, the upper side in FIG. 2) is meant, and the lower side means the opposite direction.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a shunt vibration information detection apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a side view showing the shunt vibration information detection apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 includes a mounting part 2 that can be worn by an operator, a detection part 3, a contact part 4, and a display part 5. Further, the shunt vibration information detection apparatus 1 includes a vibration signal processing unit 6 inside.

  The mounting portion 2 can insert fingers of an operator's hand such as a medical worker in a direction (lateral direction) perpendicular to the vertical direction. The mounting portion 2 is configured by a substantially cylindrical inner wall that divides a substantially cylindrical hollow portion 7. An operator such as a medical worker inserts a finger of an operator such as a medical worker along the central axis P of the hollow portion 7 into the hollow portion 7 so as to be in a wearing state. As shown in FIG. 1, the mounting portion 2 has a portion divided into a part of a side surface of the substantially cylindrical hollow portion 7, so that the hollow portion 7 communicates with the outside. By having such a divided portion, the mounting portion 2 can expand the diameter of the hollow portion 7 to some extent even when the inserted finger is too thick with respect to the hollow portion 7. Regardless of the thickness, the mounting portion 2 can hold the finger in the hollow portion 7.

  The mounting part 2 is one mode of the held part 8 that can be held by the operator, and the held part 8 included in the shunt vibration information detecting device 1 is other than the mounting part 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. For example, it may be a grip part that can be gripped by the operator's hand (for example, gripped by pinching with two fingers).

  The detection unit 3 is a device for detecting shunt vibration information such as a shunt sound generated from an arbitrary location on the skin. In this example, the detection unit 3 is provided below the shunt vibration information detection device 1. Here, shunt vibration information includes shunt sound information (shunt sound magnitude, frequency, periodic pattern, etc.) and vibration information generated when blood flow in the shunt blood vessel hits the blood vessel wall (vibration due to turbulence, Vibration etc. due to motion). Examples of the detection unit 3 include a microphone that is a sound collection unit, and a condenser microphone, a piezoelectric microphone, or the like can be used. The detection unit 3 converts the detected shunt vibration information into an electric signal, and outputs the converted electric signal to the vibration signal processing unit 6 as a vibration signal. The detection unit 3 may be configured by a part of the mounting unit 2.

  The contact portion 4 is provided on the outer wall of the shunt vibration information detection device 1 so that when the detection portion 3 detects shunt vibration information, the contact portion 4 comes into contact with an arbitrary location on the skin of a living body such as a patient. Specifically, the contact portion 4 of the present embodiment is configured by an annular outer wall portion protruding outward from the shunt vibration information detection device 1. By bringing the contact portion 4 into contact with the skin, the position of the shunt vibration information detection device 1 is stabilized with respect to the contact location on the skin, and the detection portion 3 is located at any location on the skin (the location where the contact portion 4 contacts). It is possible to stably detect shunt vibration information generated from (not necessarily the same). The contact portion 4 may be configured by a part of the mounting portion 2.

  Since the contact part 4 directly touches the skin of a living body, it is preferable that it is disposable for hygiene purposes. The contact portion 4 is not limited to an annular outer wall portion protruding outward from the shunt vibration information detection device 1, and is configured to be flush with the outer wall around the shunt vibration information detection device 1. There may be. In addition, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 does not necessarily include the contact portion 4, but by providing the contact portion 4, the above-described effects can be obtained.

  The vibration signal processing unit 6 includes a control unit (processor or the like). The control unit performs signal processing on the vibration signal input from the detection unit 3 and causes the display unit 5 to display shunt vibration information based on the input vibration signal.

  The display unit 5 is a device that displays shunt vibration information in accordance with control by the vibration signal processing unit 6. In this example, as shown in FIG. 1, the display unit 5 is provided so that display contents can be viewed from above the shunt vibration information detection device 1. In this example, the display part 5, the mounting part 2, and the contact part 4 are arrange | positioned on the straight line in alignment with an up-down direction toward the downward direction from upper direction in this order. With such an arrangement, the operator displays the information displayed on the display unit 5 in a natural posture while the contact unit 4 is in contact with the skin of the living body while the operator wears his / her finger on the mounting unit 2. Can be visually recognized. In addition, the display part 5 does not need to be arrange | positioned on the straight line in alignment with the mounting part 2 and the contact part 4, and an up-down direction. For example, the display unit 5 may be disposed obliquely above or laterally with respect to the mounting unit 2.

  The display unit 5 is an aspect of the notification unit 10 that notifies shunt vibration information, and the notification unit 10 included in the shunt vibration information detection device 1 may be other than the display unit 5 shown in FIG. It may be a vibrator or the like. In that case, the vibration signal processing unit 6 notifies the shunt vibration information in a manner corresponding to each notification unit 10.

  Further, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 may include a communication unit instead of the notification unit 10 or in addition to the notification unit 10. The communication unit is a device that communicates with an external device. When the shunt vibration information detection device 1 includes a communication unit, the vibration signal processing unit 6 notifies the shunt vibration information using an external device connected via the communication unit.

  Communication performed by the communication unit with the external device may be wired communication or wireless communication. Examples of the wireless communication include short-range communication such as Bluetooth (registered trademark), infrared communication, and wireless LAN communication, and communication via a network such as the Internet. Examples of the external device with which the communication unit communicates include a personal computer, a smartphone, an earphone, etc. Notification can be made by the generation of sound.

  Furthermore, the shunt vibration information detection apparatus 1 may include an ultrasonic inspection unit that detects the depth of the shunt blood vessel at a location where the contact unit 4 contacts by ultrasonic inspection.

  According to such a shunt vibration information detection device 1, a medical worker or a patient himself as an operator inserts a finger such as an index finger into the mounting portion 2, and contacts the contact portion 4 at any location on the skin near the shunt blood vessel. By causing the detection unit 3 to detect shunt vibration information generated from an arbitrary place, the shunt vibration information is displayed on the display unit 5. Therefore, the position of the shunt blood vessel and the state of the shunt blood vessel can be detected by appropriately moving the place on the skin where the shunt vibration information is detected by the operator.

  FIG. 3 is a bottom view showing the shunt vibration information detection apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view along the line AA in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 further includes a first soundproof unit 11. The first soundproofing unit 11 is provided between the mounting unit 2 and the detection unit 3 in order to prevent sound transmitted from the operator via the mounting unit 2 from being transmitted to the detection unit 3. Here, the sound propagated from the operator via the mounting part 2 is a biological sound (pulsation sound or the like) of the operator, a sound generated by friction between the operator and the mounting part 2, or the like. Further, it is preferable that the first soundproofing unit 11 prevents vibrations that humans cannot perceive as sound from being propagated to the detection unit 3. In addition, the 1st soundproof part 11 may be comprised by the one part or the whole of the mounting part 2. FIG.

  The first soundproofing unit 11 is a component for preventing the sound generated from the operator from propagating to the detection unit 3 by sound insulation or sound absorption. The first soundproof unit 11 is configured by specifying a material, a shape, and the like.

  Examples of the material of the first soundproofing part 11 include a material having high sound absorption. For example, an elastic member such as synthetic resin or rubber. When the 1st soundproof part 11 is comprised by a part or all of the mounting part 2, the mounting part 2 itself should just be comprised with the raw material mentioned above.

  Moreover, as a shape of the 1st sound-insulation part 11, the shape which arrange | positions the gas layer divided into the layer form is mentioned. For example, a gas layer in which a gas (including vacuum) such as air (including a vacuum) is partitioned in layers so as to intersect in a direction from the mounting unit 2 to the detection unit 3 is arranged. Due to the arrangement of the gas layer, the sound wave is attenuated by passing through the gas layer, and the propagation of the sound generated from the operator to the detection unit 3 is prevented.

  Another shape of the first soundproofing part 11 is to reduce the contact area between the surface of the held part 8 and the operator. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the surface of the held portion 8 (mounting portion 2) has an uneven shape. The first soundproofing part 11 having an uneven shape on the surface of the held part 8 prevents the operator's hand from touching the concave part of the held part 8, thereby reducing the touching area and detecting the sound generated by the operator. Propagation to 3 is prevented.

  Further, the thicker the first soundproofing unit 11 is in the direction from the mounting unit 2 toward the detection unit 3, the more the propagation of the sound generated by the operator to the detection unit 3 can be prevented. The first soundproofing part 11 can be formed by combining each of the above components alone or appropriately.

  As described above, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 includes the mounting unit 2 that can be held by the operator as the held unit 8, the detection unit 3 that detects shunt vibration information generated from an arbitrary location on the skin, and the mounting. By including the first soundproofing unit 11 that prevents the propagation of the sound propagated from the operator via the unit 2 to the detection unit 3, while suppressing the influence of noise generated from the operator, at any place on the skin Shunt sound can be detected.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the contact portion 4 has a second soundproof portion 12. The second soundproofing unit 12 is a component for preventing propagation of environmental sound to the detection unit 3 by sound insulation and sound absorption. The second soundproof unit 12 is configured by specifying a material, a shape, and the like. Here, the environmental sound is a sound generated from the outside separating the second soundproofing unit 12 from the detection unit 3 and includes, for example, speaking voice, machine operation sound, and the like. In addition, it is preferable that the second soundproofing unit 12 prevents vibrations that humans cannot perceive as sound from being transmitted to the detection unit 3. Note that the second soundproof unit 12 may be configured by a part of the mounting unit 2.

  As the material and shape of the second soundproofing part 12, the same configuration as that of the first soundproofing part 11 can be adopted. Moreover, the 2nd soundproof part 12 is the same as that of the 1st soundproof part 11 that it can be formed by combining those each structure independently or suitably.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the second soundproofing portion 12 is an annular outer wall portion provided so as to protrude downward from the outer wall portion on the peripheral surface of the shunt vibration information detection device 1, and toward the tip. It has a truncated cone shape with a reduced diameter. The second soundproof portion 12 may not be reduced in diameter toward the tip. The second soundproofing unit 12, together with the first soundproofing unit 11, defines an accommodation space R that has an opening 13 that communicates with the outside and accommodates the detection unit 3. Then, the contact portion 4 is brought into contact with the skin X in order to detect shunt vibration information generated from an arbitrary location on the skin by the detection portion 3, whereby the opening 13 is closed by the skin X and the accommodation space R is closed. A space S is formed. In FIG. 4, the second soundproofing part 12 is shown as being the same as the contact part 4, but may be a part different from the contact part 4 as long as the above configuration is satisfied. Part.

  By the way, the detection unit 3 is accommodated in the accommodation space R without protruding from the opening 13. When a non-piezoelectric microphone such as a condenser microphone is used as the detection unit 3, the detection unit 3 can effectively detect that it does not touch the skin X when detecting shunt vibration information. Therefore, when a non-piezoelectric microphone is used as the detection unit 3, the detection unit 3 is accommodated in the accommodation space R at a position inside the opening 13 as shown in FIG. 3 does not contact the skin X in a state where the opening 13 is blocked by the skin X.

  On the other hand, when a piezoelectric microphone is used as the detection unit 3, the detection unit 3 can more effectively detect contact with the skin X when detecting shunt shunt vibration information. Therefore, when a piezoelectric microphone is used as the detection unit 3, the detection unit 3 is accommodated in the accommodation space R so as to be flush with the distal end surface of the contact unit 4. It is preferable to contact the skin X in a state where the opening 13 is closed.

  As described above, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 further includes the second soundproofing unit 12 that prevents the propagation of the environmental sound to the detection unit 3, thereby suppressing the influence of the environmental sound in addition to the noise generated by the operator. It is possible to detect shunt vibration information at any location on the skin.

  In addition, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 is partitioned by the first soundproof unit 11 and the second soundproof unit 12 and includes an accommodation space R that has the opening 13 and accommodates the detection unit 3. Since the closed space S is obtained when the opening 13 is closed by the skin X, it is possible to detect shunt vibration information at any location on the skin while further suppressing the influence of noise and environmental sound generated by the operator. it can.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 6 to 11, modified examples (shunt vibration information detection devices 1 a to 1 c) of the shunt vibration information detection device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a shunt vibration information detecting device 1a according to the first modification, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a part of the shunt vibration information detecting device 1a.

  As illustrated in FIG. 6, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 a includes a pair of gripping portions 14 as held portions 8 instead of the mounting portion 2 of the shunt vibration information detection device 1. The pair of gripping portions 14 is configured by a pair of substantially semi-cylindrical recesses extending in the lateral direction, and the operator can grip the pair of recesses with two fingers coming into contact with each other. is there. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the shunt vibration information detection device 1a has the same configuration as the shunt vibration information detection device 1 and can obtain the same effects.

  FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a shunt vibration information detection device 1b according to Modification 2. FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the shunt vibration information detection device 1b.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 b further includes a grip portion 14 as the held portion 8 in addition to the mounting portion 2 of the shunt vibration information detection device 1. The gripping portion 14 is configured by a substantially semi-cylindrical recess extending in parallel with the mounting portion 2. The operator inserts one finger into the mounting portion 2 and puts the other finger into contact with the gripping portion 14 so that the mounting and gripping can be performed simultaneously. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the shunt vibration information detection device 1 b has the same configuration as the shunt vibration information detection device 1 and can obtain the same effects.

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a shunt vibration information detection device 1c according to Modification 3. FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the shunt vibration information detection device 1c.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the shunt vibration information detection device 1c has a shape imitating a pen. The shunt vibration information detection device 1c includes a gripping portion 14 as a held portion 8 at its body portion, a display portion 5 as a notification portion 10 near one end, and a contact portion 4 at the other end (tip). . The grip portion 14 can be gripped by the operator in the same manner as when gripping a normal pen. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the shunt vibration information detection apparatus 1c has the same configuration as the shunt vibration information detection apparatus 1, and can obtain the same effects.

  Although the present invention has been described based on the drawings and embodiments, it should be noted that those skilled in the art can easily make various changes and modifications based on the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be noted that these variations and modifications are included in the scope of the present invention. For example, the functions included in each component, each step, etc. can be rearranged so that there is no logical contradiction, and multiple components, steps, etc. can be combined or divided into one It is.

1, 1a, 1b, 1c Shunt vibration information detection device 2 Mounting portion 3 Detection portion 4 Contact portion 5 Display portion 6 Vibration signal processing portion (control portion)
7 hollow part 8 held part 10 informing part 11 first soundproof part 12 second soundproof part 13 opening 14 gripping part P central axis R accommodating space S closed space X skin

Claims (7)

A held portion that can be held by an operator;
A detection unit for detecting shunt vibration information generated from an arbitrary location on the skin;
A soundproofing unit that prevents propagation of sound propagated from the operator through the held unit to the detection unit;
A shunt vibration information detecting device.   The shunt vibration information detection device according to claim 1, wherein the soundproof unit is located between the held portion and the detection unit. The soundproof part is a first soundproof part,
The shunt vibration information detection device according to claim 1, further comprising a second soundproofing unit that prevents propagation of environmental sound to the detection unit. The second soundproofing unit, together with the first soundproofing unit, has an opening communicating with the outside, and defines a housing space for housing the detection unit,
The shunt vibration information detection device according to claim 3, wherein the housing space is a closed space in a state where the opening is closed by the skin.   The shunt vibration information detection device according to claim 4, wherein the detection unit is housed in the housing space without protruding from the opening. The held portion is a mounting portion that defines a hollow portion into which the operator's finger can be inserted.
The shunt vibration information detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A notification unit;
A control unit for notifying the notification unit of shunt vibration information detected by the detection unit;
Further comprising
The shunt vibration information detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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