JP2017058109A - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To optimize spilling of sample beads from an elevator at the time of bead drying operation and perform a smooth moisture value measuring by a moisture meter to eliminate some defaults that beads being elevated by the elevator of a grain dryer are sometimes hardly spilled out of a bucket and it occurs sometimes that the moisture meter hardly collects the sample beads.SOLUTION: This grain dryer is constituted in such a way that a circulating mechanism (J) is provided with a bucket-type elevator (6) for lifting up grains, there is provided an inverter (24) for changing driving speeds of the circulating mechanism (J) and the elevator (6), there is provided a moisture meter (13) for collecting grain particles dropped from the buckets of the elevator (6) and measuring moisture value and there is provided a control part (21) for operating the moisture meter (13) under a prescribed timing, measuring moisture value in reference to the prescribed number of sample grains and making driving speeds for the circulating mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) faster than usual state during measurement of the moisture value of the moisture meter (13).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain dryer.

  In the grain dryer that circulates and flows the grains stuck to the grain tank in the machine body and blows hot air to dry it, the circulation grain conveying means and the blower are driven by an AC motor, and the motor drive circuit An inverter (frequency converter) is connected, and the frequency change control is performed to simultaneously control the slow speed control of the grain conveying means and the change of the air flow, so that the wheat, wheat, buckwheat, and soybeans are properly dried. Known (Patent Document 1).

  Also, in grain dryers that dry buckwheat, wheat, buckwheat, and soybeans, the soybean circulation speed of the grain circulation mechanism is slower than that of the straw to suppress damage, and a moisture meter is attached to the elevator of the grain circulation mechanism. The thing which collects the beans which fell from the bucket of an elevator and measures a moisture value is publicly known (patent document 2).

JP 2002-174489 A JP 2014-234937 A

  In the elevator of the grain dryer, the beans in the cereal may be difficult to spill from the bucket, and the moisture meter may not be able to collect the sample beans.

  The present invention is intended to solve such problems, to optimize the spillage of sample beans from the elevator during the bean drying operation in the grain dryer, and to smoothly measure the moisture value of the moisture meter.

  The present invention has taken the following technical means in order to solve the above problems.

  The invention of claim 1 includes a storage chamber (1) for storing grains, a drying chamber (2) for drying grains, a combustion burner (3), and an exhaust fan (4) for sucking and discharging hot air. In the grain dryer provided with the circulation mechanism (J) for circulating the grain, the circulation mechanism (J) is provided with a bucket type elevator (6) for grain harvesting, and the circulation mechanism (J), elevator ( 6) provided with an inverter (24) for changing the driving speed, provided with a moisture meter (13) for collecting grains falling from the bucket of the elevator (6) and measuring the moisture value, and the moisture meter (13) Is operated at a predetermined timing to measure the moisture value with a predetermined number of sample grains, and during the measurement of the moisture value of the moisture meter (13), the driving speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) is set to be higher than usual. Control device for grain dryer, characterized in that it is provided with a control section (21) for speeding up It is.

  The invention of claim 2 includes a storage chamber (1) for storing grains, a drying chamber (2) for drying grains, a combustion burner (3), and an exhaust fan (4) for sucking and discharging hot air. In the grain dryer provided with the circulation mechanism (J) for circulating the grain, the circulation mechanism (J) is provided with a bucket type elevator (6) for grain harvesting, and the circulation mechanism (J), elevator ( 6) provided with an inverter (24) for changing the driving speed, provided with a moisture meter (13) for collecting grains falling from the bucket of the elevator (6) and measuring the moisture value, and the moisture meter (13) Is operated at a predetermined timing, the moisture value is measured with a predetermined number of sample grains, and the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) are driven at a normal speed during the moisture value measurement of the moisture meter (13). But with a predetermined amount of sump within a predetermined time during the moisture value measurement of the moisture meter (13) The grain dryer control device is provided with a control unit (21) for increasing the driving speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) when the grain cannot be collected and the moisture value cannot be measured. .

  The invention of claim 3 is the invention of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein when the collection of a predetermined number of sample grains necessary for measuring the moisture value of the moisture meter (13) is completed, the circulation mechanism (J), The grain dryer control device includes a control unit (21) for returning the high drive speed of the elevator (6) to the original normal speed.

  The invention of claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the circulation mechanism (J) is proportional to the height of the measured moisture value during the moisture value measurement of the moisture meter (13). A grain dryer control device comprising a controller (21) for increasing the drive speed of the elevator (6).

  According to the invention of claim 1, based on the characteristic configuration of the claim, by increasing the drive speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) during the moisture measurement of the moisture meter (13), The fall of the cereal grains from the bucket of the elevator (6) is facilitated, the sample grain collection of the moisture meter (13) is facilitated, and the moisture value can be measured at an appropriate timing.

  According to the invention of claim 2, when the moisture meter (13) is difficult to collect the sample grain, the driving speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) is increased based on the characteristic configuration of the claims. As a result, the sample grain of the elevator (6) can be easily dropped, the sample grain of the moisture meter (13) can be collected quickly, and the moisture value can be measured at an appropriate timing.

  According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or claim 2, a sample necessary for measuring the moisture value of the moisture meter (13) based on the characteristic configuration of the claims. When the harvesting of the grain is completed, by returning the driving speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) to the original slow normal speed, the elevator (6) stabilizes the grain and suppresses damage to the grain. be able to.

  According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effects of any one of the inventions of claims 1 to 3, based on the characteristic configuration of the claims, the elevator (6) increases as the moisture value of the grain increases. Although it is difficult for the sample grain to fall from the bucket, the speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) is increased in proportion to the height of the measured moisture value. Collection becomes easy and the moisture value can be measured quickly.

The figure explaining the inside of the grain dryer seen from the side. The external appearance perspective view of a grain dryer. The figure explaining the inside of the grain dryer seen from the front. The figure which shows the internal structure of the moisture meter for buckwheat. The figure which shows an operation panel. The figure which shows the control apparatus of the grain dryer for straw and wheat. The figure which shows the control apparatus of a general purpose grain dryer. Transmission mechanism diagram of grain dryer. The perspective view which shows a control apparatus and a combustion burner. The figure which shows the conveyance capacity, circulation amount, and air volume for every grain type. Sectional drawing of an upper spiral apparatus.

  The grain dryer according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

  The grain dryer is provided with a storage chamber 1 for storing grains, a drying chamber 2 for drying, a combustion burner 3, an exhaust fan 4 for sucking and discharging hot air, and a circulation mechanism J for circulating the grains.

  The circulation mechanism J includes a lower spiral 5 that conveys the grain fed from the drying chamber 2, an elevator 6 that grains the grain, an upper spiral device 7 that conveys the grain to the storage chamber 1, and the grain into the storage chamber 1. Dispersion blades 8 for dispersion are provided. The circulation mechanism J is configured to be driven by the circulation mechanism motor 23, and the power is transmitted from the circulation mechanism motor 23 to the upper part of the elevator 6, and is transmitted from the elevator 6 to the upper spiral device 7, the dispersion blade 8, and the lower spiral 5. .

  In the lower part of the dryer 2, a feed valve 9 that feeds the grain in the drying chamber 2 to the lower spiral 5 is provided and is rotated by a feed valve motor 10.

  The exhaust fan 4 is rotated by an exhaust fan motor 11.

  The elevator 6 is provided with a soba moisture meter 12 and a bean moisture meter 13.

  The buckwheat moisture meter 12 is a known configuration that compresses and pulverizes sample grains (buck, wheat, buckwheat) collected from the elevator 6 with a pair of electrode rolls 25, 25, and converts the moisture value from the voltage value. The moisture meter 13 is structurally similar to the soba moisture meter 12, and is a known configuration in which a sample grain (soybean) is compressed and pulverized with a pair of electrode rolls, and the moisture value is converted from the voltage value.

  Next, the configuration of the control device S will be described.

  The grain dryer control device S according to the present embodiment has an operation switch such as a tension switch 15, a ventilation switch 16, a drying switch 17, and a stop switch 18 on the front side of the box body 14, Grain type selection switch 19 for selecting soy drying operation, display device 20 for displaying operation information such as moisture value, moisture setting switch 28, tension setting switch 29, numerical value increasing / decreasing switch 30 for setting a target numerical value, etc. An operation panel 26 is provided. In addition, a control unit 21 and an electromagnetic contactor 27 for the circulation mechanism motor 23 are built in the box body 14, and a number of connectors K for connecting various harnesses are provided on the outer periphery of the box body 14.

  Each time the grain type selection switch 19 of the present embodiment is pressed, the lighting of the LED lamp 22 is sequentially moved, and the display of buckwheat, wheat, buckwheat, and soybean is sequentially changed.

  The connector K of the control device S is connected to the soba moisture meter 12, the bean moisture meter 13, the feed valve motor 10, the exhaust fan motor 11, and the like. The circulation mechanism motor 23 is connected to the inverter 24, and the inverter 24 is connected to the connector K of the control device S.

  Next, an outline of the drying operation will be described.

  When the operator presses the tension switch 15, the circulation mechanism motor 23 starts to be driven, the circulation mechanism J is driven, and the tension grain passes through the elevator 6 and the upper spiral device 7, and the dispersion blade 8 feeds the grain into the storage chamber 1. A tension operation is performed. When the stop switch 18 is pressed, the tension operation is stopped.

  The operator selects the grain type stuck by the grain type selection switch 19. Then, when the target moisture value is set by the moisture setting switch 28 and the numerical value increasing / decreasing switch 30, and the drying switch 17 is pressed, the circulation mechanism motor 23, the combustion burner 3, the exhaust fan motor 11, and the discharge valve motor 10 start driving. Then, the drying operation is started.

  Grains are exposed to hot air generated by the burner 3 of the drying chamber 2 and fed to the lower spiral 5 by a certain amount by a feeding valve 9 that operates intermittently. Grains conveyed by the lower spiral 5 are supplied to the storage chamber 1 by the dispersing blades 8 through the elevator 6 and the upper spiral device 7. Then, the drying operation is performed while circulating until the target moisture value is reached. A large number of bucket conveyors 31 are provided inside the elevator 6, and sample grains spilled from the bucket conveyor 31 enter the moisture meter 12 for soba or the moisture meter 13 for beans, and the moisture value is determined at predetermined intervals (for example, every 15 minutes). taking measurement.

  The circulation mechanism motor 23 is configured to be driven at a variable speed by an inverter 24. The feeding valve 10 is intermittently driven by alternately driving (ON) and stopping (OFF), but the amount of grain to be fed decreases as the OFF time is longer or the ON time is shorter. During drying of buckwheat, wheat and buckwheat, the circulation mechanism motor 23 is driven relatively fast, and the control unit 21 controls the turn-off valve motor 10 to have a relatively short OFF time, thereby reducing the amount of circulated grains per hour. To be relatively large.

  In the case of soybeans, the circulation mechanism motor 23 is driven relatively slowly, and the control unit 21 controls the OFF time of the feeding valve motor 10 to relatively reduce the amount of circulating grains per hour. . Compared with buckwheat, wheat, and buckwheat, soy is more susceptible to scratches on the surface, so the amount of circulated grains is relatively small.

  When it is detected that the moisture meter (12, 13) has reached the target moisture value, the drying operation is stopped.

  Next, the characteristics of the soba drying operation will be described with reference to FIG.

  Soba drives the circulation mechanism motor 23 relatively fast and reduces the feed amount by shortening the ON time of the feed valve (and increasing the OFF time). This is because buckwheat is easily damaged compared with buckwheat and wheat, but the amount of feeding is reduced. On the other hand, since dispersion by the dispersion blade 8 is difficult, the circulation mechanism motor 23 is driven relatively quickly, so that the dispersion blade 8 This is to speed up the rotation and diffuse the soba noodles throughout the storage chamber 1.

  Next, features of the control device S of the present embodiment will be described below.

  When the control unit 21 detects that the inverter 24 is connected, the grain type selection switch 19 is configured to be able to select any of the drying operations of buckwheat, wheat, buckwheat, and soybean, but the circulation mechanism motor 23 without connecting the inverter 24. When the control unit 21 detects that the harness is directly connected to the connector K of the control device S, the grain type selection switch 19 can select soy, wheat and soba, but restricts the selection of soybeans. That is, every time the grain type selection switch 19 is pressed, the buckwheat / wheat / soba and LED lamps 22 are changed, and then the mode returns to the straw mode.

  Thereby, damage to soybeans caused by drying soybeans in a state where the circulation mechanism motor 23 cannot be lowered at a low speed by the inverter 24 can be prevented. Further, users who do not need soybeans can be shipped without the inverter 24, and the control device S can be shared and can be configured at low cost.

  Next, the relationship of the drying operation of the moisture meter for buckwheat 12 and the moisture meter for beans 13 in a state where the inverter 24 is not mounted will be described.

  When the control unit 21 detects that the connector K of both the buckwheat moisture meter 12 and the bean moisture meter 13 is connected, any of the drying operation of buckwheat, wheat, buckwheat, and soybeans by the grain type selection switch 19 can be selected. And

  Further, when it is detected that the buckwheat moisture meter 12 is connected and the bean moisture meter 13 is not connected, selection of the soybean drying operation by the grain type selection switch 19 is restricted. Alternatively, when it is detected that the buckwheat moisture meter 12 is not connected, and when the bean moisture meter 13 is detected, selection of the drying operation of buckwheat, wheat, and buckwheat by the grain type selection switch 19 is restricted. Thereby, selection of the drying operation of soybean in the state which is not equipped with moisture meter 13 for beans can be controlled. Moreover, it becomes possible to ship to the user who does not require the drying operation of soybeans, without attaching the moisture meter 13 for beans, and the control device S can be shared and an inexpensive configuration is achieved.

  Next, another embodiment of the relationship of the drying operation between the buckwheat moisture meter 12 and the bean moisture meter 13 will be described.

  When detecting that the moisture meter for buckwheat 12 is connected and detecting that the moisture meter for beans 13 is not connected, the buckwheat / wheat / soba noodles perform a drying operation based on the moisture meter for buckwheat 12 and Drying is performed based on a timer.

  Moreover, while detecting that the moisture meter 12 for buckwheat is not connected, the moisture meter 13 for beans is connected, so that the soybeans and wheat are dried based on the timer, and the soybean is dried based on the moisture meter 13 for beans. Do the driving. When it is detected that both the moisture meter for buckwheat 12 and the moisture meter for beans 13 are not connected, any drying operation of buckwheat, wheat, buckwheat, and soybean is performed by a timer. Thereby, even if the moisture meter for buckwheat 12 and the moisture meter for beans 13 are temporarily out of order and cannot be used, a drying operation can be performed.

  For example, when the drying switch 17 is operated, the timer may be configured to perform a drying operation for a set time (for example, 3 hours) and stop, or may be configured to be able to set an arbitrary drying time with the numerical value increase / decrease switch 30.

  In addition, it is good also as a structure which displays an abnormality when either the moisture meter 12 for buckwheat, the moisture value 13 for beans, or the inverter 24 is not connected.

  Next, measurement control of the moisture value of the moisture meter for beans 13 will be described.

  In the grain dryer equipped with the bucket type elevator 6, the inverter 24 for changing the driving speed of the elevator 6, and the bean moisture meter 13 attached to the elevator 6, the bean moisture meter 13 is based on the bean measurement command of the control unit 21. Takes a sample bean at a predetermined timing and measures the moisture value, and at the time of measuring the moisture value of the bean moisture meter 13, the rotation of the circulation mechanism motor 23 is made faster, and the drive speed of the circulation mechanism J and the elevator 6 is made higher than usual. I try to make it faster.

  According to the above configuration, when the moisture is measured, the driving speed of the circulation mechanism J and the elevator 6 is increased to promote the fall of beans in the grains of the elevator 6, and the moisture meter 13 for beans quickly collects the sample beans quickly. The moisture value can be measured.

  Moreover, you may comprise as follows. Based on the bean measurement command of the control unit 21, the bean moisture meter 13 collects sample beans at a predetermined timing and measures the moisture value. At the start of the moisture value measurement operation of the bean moisture meter 13, the circulation mechanism J and the elevator 6 are driven. When the speed is driven at a normal speed and it is determined that the sample time of the bean moisture meter 13 is longer than the predetermined time, the driving speed of the circulation mechanism J and the elevator 6 is increased and the measurement of the moisture value is completed. Then, the normal driving speed is restored.

  According to the above configuration, when the moisture meter for beans 13 cannot collect sample grains within a predetermined time at the time of moisture measurement, the drop of the sample grains in the elevator 6 is promoted by increasing the driving speed of the circulation mechanism J and the elevator 6. The bean moisture meter 13 can quickly collect the sample beans and measure the moisture value at an appropriate timing.

  In the moisture value measurement control, when the bean moisture meter 13 collects a predetermined number of sample grains and can measure the moisture value (or when the moisture value measurement is completed), the driving speed of the circulation mechanism J and the elevator 6 is increased. The original normal speed is restored.

  According to the above configuration, when the moisture value can be measured, by returning the driving speed of the circulation mechanism J and the elevator 6 to the original slow normal speed, the elevator 6 can stably cereal beans and suppress damage. it can.

  In the moisture value measurement control described above, the higher the measured moisture value of the bean moisture meter 13, the more difficult the sample grain from the bucket of the elevator 6 falls, so the circulation mechanism J is proportional to the measured moisture value. The driving speed of the elevator 6 may be increased, and when the measured moisture value is low, the driving speed may be decreased to optimize the sampling of the sample grain.

  In the moisture value measurement control, a particle size sensor (not shown) for detecting the particle size of the grain is provided, and in the case of a large-diameter grain, the driving speed of the circulation mechanism J and the elevator 6 is reduced, You may comprise so that it may be quick in the case of a small diameter.

  In addition, a spring mechanism is interposed between the pair of electrode rolls of the moisture meter 13 for beans, and the spring mechanism is configured to measure the moisture value while properly compressing and crushing the grains while expanding and contracting. The gap between the rolls may be measured to measure the particle size.

  Next, the opening / closing control of the bottom plate of the spiral knot of the upper spiral device 7 during the soybean drying operation will be described with reference to FIG.

  A dust suction device 35 (shown in FIG. 1) is attached to the upper part of the spiral rod 7a of the upper spiral device 7 so that dust is sucked from the grain being conveyed and discharged from the dust discharge cylinder 36. The bottom plate 7b of the spiral rod 7a is configured to be opened / closed by an opening / closing motor 37.

  During the soybean drying operation, the bottom plate 7b of the spiral basket 7a of the upper spiral device 7 is opened, and the soybean is directly dropped from the spiral basket 7a into the storage chamber 1 and stored.

  However, when the bottom plate 7b is opened, the performance of the dust remover 35 cannot be exhibited, and there arises a problem that dust cannot be removed. In addition, the angle of repose of soybean is very gentle, and it is possible to discharge soybean by slightly opening the bottom plate 7b.

  Therefore, the opening angle of the bottom plate 7b of the upper spiral device 7 is configured to be adjustable by the opening / closing motor 37, and the release angle of the bottom plate 7b is relaxed (for example, 30 degrees) during soybean drying operation, and as usual during drying operation other than soybean ( For example, it is controlled by the control unit 21 so as to open.

  Then, during the drying operation of soybean, the release angle of the bottom plate 7b is loosened and the drying operation is performed while maintaining the dust discharge effect of the dust remover 35. During the soybean discharging operation after the drying, the bottom plate 7b is closed and the elevator 6 Soybeans are cerealed and discharged outside the machine to drive the dust collection effect.

  According to the said structure, the dust removal effect of the dust removal machine 35 can be heightened also at the time of the drying operation of soybeans. Further, during the grain discharging operation after the drying operation of buckwheat, wheat and soba, the bottom plate 7b is fully opened, so that the grain can be discharged while improving the cleaning efficiency of the upper spiral device 7.

  Reference numeral 7c is an adjusting body for adjusting the opening degree of the bottom plate 7b.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Storage chamber 2 Drying chamber 3 Combustion burner 4 Exhaust fan 6 Elevator 12 Moisture meter for buckwheat 13 Moisture meter for beans 21 Control part 23 Circulation mechanism motor 24 Inverter J Circulation mechanism K Connector

Claims (4)

  Storage chamber (1) for storing grain, drying chamber (2) for drying grain, combustion burner (3), exhaust fan (4) for sucking and discharging hot air, and circulation mechanism for circulating grain In the grain dryer provided with (J), the circulation mechanism (J) is provided with a bucket type elevator (6) for grain harvesting, and the drive speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and elevator (6) is changed. Provided with an inverter (24), a moisture meter (13) for collecting grains falling from the bucket of the elevator (6) and measuring the moisture value, and operating the moisture meter (13) at a predetermined timing A control unit (21 for measuring the moisture value with a predetermined number of sample grains and increasing the driving speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) than usual during the moisture value measurement of the moisture meter (13). ), A grain dryer control device.   Storage chamber (1) for storing grain, drying chamber (2) for drying grain, combustion burner (3), exhaust fan (4) for sucking and discharging hot air, and circulation mechanism for circulating grain In the grain dryer provided with (J), the circulation mechanism (J) is provided with a bucket type elevator (6) for grain harvesting, and the drive speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and elevator (6) is changed. Provided with an inverter (24), a moisture meter (13) for collecting grains falling from the bucket of the elevator (6) and measuring the moisture value, and operating the moisture meter (13) at a predetermined timing The moisture value is measured with a predetermined number of sample grains, and the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) are driven at a normal speed during the moisture value measurement of the moisture meter (13). 13) Unable to collect the specified amount of sample grain within the specified time during the moisture measurement A grain dryer control device comprising a control unit (21) for increasing the driving speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) when the moisture value cannot be measured.   In the invention of claim 1 or claim 2, when the collection of a predetermined number of sample grains necessary for measuring the moisture value of the moisture meter (13) is completed, the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) are driven quickly. A control device for a grain dryer, comprising a control unit (21) for returning the speed to the original normal speed.   4. The driving speed of the circulation mechanism (J) and the elevator (6) in proportion to the height of the moisture value measured during the moisture value measurement of the moisture meter (13) in the invention according to claim 1. A control device for a grain dryer, comprising a control unit (21) for speeding up the processing.

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