JP2017044652A - Shape measurement device and shape measurement method for pipe end - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shape measurement device and a shape measurement method for pipe end that accurately measure a shape over the entire periphery of a pipe end having been beveled.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a shape measurement device 20 for a pipe end 26a that measures an end shape of a pipe 26. The shape measurement device comprises: a turning roller 21 on which the pipe 26 having the shape of the pipe end 26a measured is mounted; a rotation driving device 22 which rotates the pipe 26 in a pipe peripheral direction on the turning roller 21; a two-dimensional laser type distance meter 23 which irradiates the pipe end 26a with laser light linearly in a pipe axis direction and captures reflected light; and a computing machine 24 which calculates a profile of an end face shape of the pipe 26 from the reflected light.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring the shape of a pipe end, and more particularly, to a shape measuring apparatus and a shape measuring method for a beveled pipe end.

  Pipelines for transporting crude oil and liquefied natural gas are usually laid by connecting pipe-made pipes (steel pipes) by welding the pipe ends around the site. For this reason, after a steel pipe is manufactured at a factory, the pipe end is beveled in a refining process.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an end face processing machine 1 for bevel processing. FIG. 4 (a) is a partial sectional view schematically showing a processing portion 2 of the end face processing machine 1, and FIG. 4 (b) is end face processing. It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole machine.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the steel pipe 3 is held by a clamp 4 and is supported by holders 6 and 7 of a face plate 5 that rotates on the same axis as the steel pipe 3, respectively. By using the cutting tool 8 and the facing tool 9, the end of the steel pipe 3 is cut to form the end face.

  Here, the bevel processing means that a part of the end surface portion is processed obliquely in order to provide a V-shaped groove for welding to the end surface portion of the steel pipe 3, and the processing dimensions thereof are API, JIS standard, etc. In some cases, it is specified when dealing with customers.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of the shape of the end face portion of the pipe end of the steel pipe 3 subjected to beveling.
As shown in FIG. 5, the root face dimensions of the beveled steel pipe 3 (the length of the facing portion in the thickness direction of the pipe end surface) RF and the bevel angle (when viewed from the pipe circumferential direction of the inclined portion of the pipe end surface) If there is an error in the angle θ), it may cause a decrease in welding efficiency at the time of on-site circumferential welding, a decrease in strength of the welded portion, and the occurrence of welding defects. For this reason, in order to ensure the circumferential welding efficiency and welding quality in the field, it is necessary to manage the bevel angle θ and the root face dimension RF, which are important management items in terms of quality.

  6A and 6B are explanatory views showing a conventional tube end shape measuring instrument, in which FIG. 6A shows the root face measuring instrument 10 and FIG. 6B shows the bevel angle measuring instrument 11.

  The pipe end shape (dimension) measurement operation of the steel pipe 3 has conventionally been performed by an operator using the straight scale 10a of the route face measuring instrument 10 shown in FIG. 6 (a) or the bevel angle measuring instrument 11 shown in FIG. 6 (b). This was done manually using the gauge 11a. For this reason, the measurement accuracy differs depending on the skill difference of the operator, causing a measurement error. Moreover, since the manual measurement work is required for each steel pipe 3, the work processing capacity is low, which is a factor that significantly impedes the productivity of the steel pipe 3.

  Therefore, in order to solve these problems, many shape measuring apparatuses for the tube end of the tube have been proposed.

  The groove shape measuring device of the pipe end part disclosed by patent document 1 arrange | positions several laser type | formula distance meters which irradiate a laser to a pipe end part from a pipe-axis direction, and measure a distance, A pipe end The shape of the part is measured.

  The groove shape measuring device for the tube end of the tube disclosed in Patent Document 2 irradiates the tube end with light from the side of the tube while rotating the tube with a roller, and performs image processing on a still image obtained from the transmitted light. Thus, the shape of the tube end portion of the tube is measured.

JP-A-6-185924 JP-A-6-167310 (Patent No. 2600567)

  However, the groove shape measuring device of the pipe end portion disclosed in Patent Document 1 uses a plurality of laser distance meters in the circumferential direction, and in use, calibration of all of the plurality of laser distance meters ( Calibration), and it is necessary to perform calibration in consideration of the relationship with other laser distance meters. Further, the shape measurement between the laser distance meters in the circumferential direction is not actually performed, but only an estimated shape is estimated from the measured data.

  On the other hand, in the groove shape measuring device of the pipe end part disclosed in Patent Document 2, the entire shape of the pipe end part is measured by one measuring system while rotating the pipe with a roller. There is no problem like the disclosed invention. However, in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, by synchronizing the roller and the imaging device, a still image is obtained at a period in the circumferential direction of the tube, and image processing is performed to obtain the tube end shape. It takes time and cannot be measured all around the tube. Moreover, since light is irradiated from the opposite side across the tube and the transmitted light is captured as an image, there is a problem that it is easily affected by disturbance light.

  The present invention has been devised in view of these problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily measure the shape of the tube end portion over the entire circumference. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for measuring the shape of an end, specifically, a shape measuring apparatus and a shape measuring method for a beveled pipe end.

The present invention is listed below.
(1) 1st invention It is the shape measuring apparatus of the pipe end part which measures the end part shape of a pipe,
A turning roller for placing a tube whose shape is measured at the end of the tube;
A rotation drive device for rotating the tube on the turning roller in the circumferential direction of the tube;
A two-dimensional laser rangefinder that captures reflected light by irradiating the tube end with a laser beam linearly in the tube axis direction;
A pipe end shape measuring apparatus comprising: an arithmetic unit that calculates a profile of the end face shape of the pipe from the reflected light.

(2) Second invention The apparatus for measuring a shape of a pipe end according to the first invention, comprising two of the two-dimensional laser distance meters.

(3) Third invention The pipe end shape measuring apparatus according to the first or second invention, wherein the computing unit calculates a root face size and a bevel angle of the pipe from the profile of the end face shape.
Specifically, the computing unit obtains an inflection point from the profile of the end face, calculates a root face dimension of the tube from a distance between the inflection points, and calculates the tube from a straight line connecting the inflection points. Calculate the bevel angle.

(4) 4th invention It is the shape measuring method of the pipe end part which measures the pipe end part shape,
Place the steel pipe to measure the shape of the pipe end on the turning roller,
While rotating the tube in the circumferential direction on the turning roller by the rotation drive device,
A two-dimensional laser distance meter irradiates the end of the tube with a laser beam linearly in the direction of the tube axis to capture the reflected light,
A tube end shape measuring method, wherein a profile of the end face shape of the tube is calculated from the reflected light by a calculator.

(5) Fifth Invention The pipe end shape measuring method according to the fourth aspect, wherein the same pipe end is measured by the two two-dimensional laser distance meters.

(6) 6th invention The shape measurement method of the pipe end part of the 4th invention or the 5th invention which calculates the root face dimension and bevel angle of the said pipe from the profile of the said end surface shape by the said calculator.
Specifically, the computing unit obtains an inflection point from the profile of the end face, calculates a root face dimension of the tube from a distance between the inflection points, and calculates the tube from a straight line connecting the inflection points. Calculate the bevel angle.

  According to the first and fourth inventions, the profile of the entire circumference of the steel pipe can be calculated with a single laser distance meter, and it can be confirmed whether there are any defects such as sharp scratches and dents on the pipe end face. . In addition, since the measurement range is widened by using a two-dimensional laser distance meter, even if there is a defect such as a nasal curve at the end of the tube, measurement can be performed without deviating from the measurement range.

  In particular, according to the second and fifth inventions, two two-dimensional laser rangefinders are installed and used for route face calculation and bevel angle calculation, thereby using one two-dimensional laser rangefinder. Furthermore, it is possible to perform measurement with higher accuracy.

  In particular, according to the third and sixth inventions, the root face dimension and the bevel angle can be calculated, so whether the processing dimension of the end face of the pipe meets the standard or meets the requirements of the customer. It becomes possible to confirm.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing an outline of a tube end shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the profile of the pipe end face after measurement using a shape measuring apparatus and calculation by a calculator. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the measurement results of the bevel angle and the root face dimension over the entire circumference of the steel pipe when the steel pipe shown in test condition 1 of the example is measured according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an end face processing machine for bevel processing, FIG. 4 (a) is a partial sectional view schematically showing a processing portion of the end face processing machine, and FIG. 4 (b) is an entire end face processing machine. It is explanatory drawing which shows. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of the shape of the end surface portion of the pipe end of the beveled steel pipe. 6A and 6B are explanatory views showing a conventional tube end shape measuring instrument, in which FIG. 6A shows a root face measuring instrument and FIG. 6B shows a bevel angle measuring instrument.

Hereinafter, the shape measuring device of a pipe end part of the present invention is explained in detail, referring to drawings.
1. Shape measuring device 20
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing an outline of a tube end shape measuring apparatus 20 according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the tube end shape measuring device 20 according to the present invention includes a turning roller 21, a rotation driving device 22, a two-dimensional laser distance meter 23, and a calculator 24.

  In FIG. 1, the host PC 25 is also shown as a component of the shape measuring device 20, but the host PC 25 is not necessarily essential, and the calculator 24 rotates via the rotation driving device 22 and the two-dimensional laser distance meter 23. The profile analysis of the end face shape by each exists independently and may be controlled. If the host PC 25 is used, the rotation of the turning roller 21 and the measurement by the two-dimensional laser distance meter 23 can be performed in conjunction with each other, so that the rotational drive device 22, the two-dimensional laser distance meter 23 and the calculator 24 are controlled. There is preferably a host PC 25.

  The turning roller 21 mounts the pipe 26 whose shape of the pipe end portion 26a is measured. The turning roller 21 is a cylindrical device having a circular shape when viewed from the tube axis direction of the tube 26, and when the turning roller 21 rotates, the tube 26 in contact therewith rotates in the opposite direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1, two turning rollers 21 may be attached to the lower part of the pipe 26 to be measured, and the pipe 26 may be placed between them. It is preferable that the pipe 26 has a mechanism that can freely adjust the distance between the two turning rollers 21 so that pipes having various outer diameters can be measured. Although only two turning rollers 21 are shown in FIG. 1, four or six or more turning rollers 21 may be installed in the shape measuring device 20 according to the total length of the pipe 26.

  The rotation drive device 22 rotates the pipe 26 on the turning roller 21 in the pipe circumferential direction. The rotary drive device 22 may be of any type as long as it rotates the tube 26, but normally it is interlocked with the turning roller 21, and when the rotary drive device 22 operates, the turning roller 21 rotates and the tube 26 is It only needs to be able to rotate.

  As described above, there may be four or six or more turning rollers 21, but all the turning rollers 21 do not need to rotate in conjunction with the rotation driving device 22. If the driving force for rotating the tube 26 can be obtained, the turning roller 21 interlocked with the rotation driving device 22 may be one.

  The faster the rotation speed of the turning roller 21 rotated by the rotation drive device 22 is, the faster the measurement can be made. However, if the rotation speed is too high, the measurement with the two-dimensional laser distance meter 23 cannot catch up. Is preferably 0.1 to 0.2 m / sec.

  The two-dimensional laser distance meter 23 irradiates the tube end 26a of the tube 26 with laser light linearly in the tube axis direction, captures the laser light reflected from the tube end 26a, and measures the distance from the tube end 26a. It is a device that measures. The two-dimensional laser distance meter 23 is installed so that laser light can be irradiated in the tube axis direction of the steel pipe 26. As described above, the reason why the two-dimensional laser distance meter 23 is installed so as to irradiate the laser beam in the direction of the tube axis of the steel pipe 26 is that if the laser beam is irradiated in a direction orthogonal to the direction of the tube axis, This is because it is difficult to measure the root face size and the bevel angle θ simultaneously.

  The two-dimensional laser distance meter 23 irradiates laser light linearly on the end surface of the pipe end portion 26 a of the steel pipe 26. Measurement data along the line can be obtained by capturing the reflected wave at each point irradiated linearly and measuring the distance between the laser rangefinder 26 and the tube end face.

  The two-dimensional laser distance meter 23 does not need to be a special one, and a two-dimensional laser distance meter that is usually commercially available may be used. It is preferable to prepare two two-dimensional laser distance meters 23 and measure the same tube end 26a. For example, it is possible to measure the shape with higher accuracy by measuring the same pipe end portion 26a from an angle of 45 ° up and down and calculating the data.

  The calculator (PC) 24 is a device that calculates the profile of the tube end surface shape of the tube end portion 26 a from the data obtained by the two-dimensional laser distance meter 23. The laser distance meter 23 receives reflected light as data. By calculating the data with the calculator 24, a profile of the tube end face shape of the tube 26 can be obtained.

2. Measurement of Route Face Dimension and Bevel Angle θ of Steel Pipe 26 FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a profile example of the pipe end face after measurement using the shape measuring apparatus 20 and calculation by the calculator 24.

  As shown by the white line in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the profile of the end face shape of the beveled tube 26 can be calculated. There are three inflection points 1, 2, and 3 in the white line in FIG. By using these three inflection points 1, 2, and 3 as marks, the root face dimension RF and the bevel angle θ can be calculated. That is, the root face dimension RF is obtained geometrically by obtaining the distance between the inflection points 2 and 3 (the parallel portion of the end face of the steel pipe 26). Further, the bevel angle θ is obtained geometrically from the change of the inflection points 1 and 2.

  As mentioned above, although the example of embodiment of this invention was demonstrated in detail, all the embodiment mentioned above showed only the example of actualization in implementing this invention, and these are the technical aspects of this invention. The range should not be interpreted in a limited way.

  The shape of the pipe end 26a of the beveled steel pipe 26 using the pipe end shape measuring apparatus 20 shown in FIG. 1 according to the present invention, the rotation speed of the turning roller 21 is 0.17 m / sec, It was measured.

  Table 1 shows the specifications of the steel pipe 26 measured. Among these, the steel pipe 26 shown in Condition 2 is a steel pipe without a root face (0 mm). Table 1 also shows the bevel angle θ measured manually, the root face dimension RF, and these specifications required for the steel pipe 26.

  Table 2 shows the maximum and minimum values of the bevel angle θ and the route face dimension RF when the steel pipe 26 is measured according to the present invention.

  In particular, FIG. 3 shows the measurement results of the bevel angle θ and the root face dimension RF over the entire circumference of the steel pipe 26 when the steel pipe 26 shown in the test condition 1 is measured according to the present invention. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents the measurement time, but the position of the tube 26 can be specified by the measurement time in relation to the rotational speed of the turning roller 21.

  In the measurement result of test condition 1, the manually measured value of the bevel angle θ is 13.7 °, whereas the maximum value of the bevel angle θ by the shape measuring device 20 is 14.44 °, which is the minimum value. Was 13.42 °, and was measured in such a way that a manual measurement value entered between the maximum value and the minimum value. It can be seen that the maximum value of the difference from the manually measured value is 0.74 °, and there is an error of about 5.4% at the maximum. However, all of the values are within the specification range of the bevel angle θ (10 to 20 °), and it can be understood that there is no problem even if an error is taken into consideration and the quality is measured by the shape measuring device 20. .

  Further, while the measured value of the root face dimension RF by hand is 21.5 mm, the maximum value of the root face dimension RF by the shape measuring apparatus 20 is 21.76 mm, and the minimum value is 20.61 mm. Was also measured with a manual measurement between the maximum and minimum values. It can be seen that the maximum value in the manual measurement value is 0.89 mm, and there is an error of about 4.1% at the maximum. However, the values are all within the range of the specification of the root face dimension RF (20 to 22 mm), and even if this is taken into account, there is no problem even if the quality is determined by measuring with the shape measuring device 20. I understand.

  In the measurement result of test condition 2, the manually measured value of the bevel angle θ is 17.2 °, whereas the maximum value of the bevel angle θ by the shape measuring apparatus 20 is 17.54 °, which is the minimum value. Was 17.20 °, and in each case, a value greater than or equal to the manually measured value was measured. It can be seen that the maximum difference from the manually measured value is 0.34 °, and there is an error of about 2.0% at the maximum. However, it is a value within the specification range (13.5 to 20 °) of any bevel angle θ, and there is no problem even if an error is taken into consideration and the quality is measured by the shape measuring device 20. I understand.

20 Pipe end shape measuring device 21 Turning roller 22 Rotation drive device 23 Two-dimensional laser distance meter 24 Calculator 25 Host PC
26 Pipe 26a Pipe end

Claims (6)

A tube end shape measuring device for measuring the end shape of a tube,
A turning roller for placing a tube whose shape is measured at the end of the tube;
A rotation drive device for rotating the tube on the turning roller in the circumferential direction of the tube;
A two-dimensional laser rangefinder that captures reflected light by irradiating the tube end with a laser beam linearly in the tube axis direction;
A pipe end shape measuring apparatus comprising: an arithmetic unit that calculates a profile of the end face shape of the pipe from the reflected light.   The pipe end shape measuring apparatus according to claim 1, comprising two two-dimensional laser distance meters.   The pipe end shape measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the calculator calculates a root face size and a bevel angle of the pipe from the profile of the end face shape. A pipe end shape measuring method for measuring a pipe end shape,
Place the steel pipe to measure the shape of the pipe end on the turning roller,
While rotating the tube in the circumferential direction on the turning roller by the rotation drive device,
A two-dimensional laser distance meter irradiates the end of the tube with a laser beam linearly in the direction of the tube axis to capture the reflected light,
A tube end shape measuring method, wherein a profile of the end face shape of the tube is calculated from the reflected light by a calculator.   The shape measuring method of the pipe end part according to claim 4, wherein the same pipe end part is measured by the two two-dimensional laser distance meters.   The pipe end shape measuring method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a root face dimension and a bevel angle of the pipe are calculated from the profile of the end face shape by the calculator.