JP2017039143A - Cleaning method for die casting sleeve - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、アルミニウム合金等のダイカスト用合金の溶湯をダイカスト金型に射出するためのダイカストスリーブを使用した後に、ダイカストスリーブの内周をクリーニングする方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for cleaning the inner periphery of a die casting sleeve after using a die casting sleeve for injecting a molten metal for die casting such as an aluminum alloy into a die casting mold.
ダイカストマシンにおいては、ダイカストスリーブ内に溶融金属（以下、溶湯と云う）を供給し、ダイカストスリーブ内を摺動するプランジャーチップによって、金型に固定したスプールブッシュを介してダイカストスリーブと連通する金型キャビティ内に溶湯を射出して、溶湯を冷却固化させて製品を鋳造する。（ダイカスト用合金の鋳造）。 In a die-casting machine, a metal that communicates with a die-casting sleeve through a spool bush fixed to the die by a plunger tip that supplies molten metal (hereinafter referred to as molten metal) into the die-casting sleeve and slides inside the die-casting sleeve. The molten metal is injected into the mold cavity, and the molten metal is cooled and solidified to cast a product. (Die casting alloy casting).
特許文献１（特開平７−２４６４４９）は、高強度低熱膨張性金属からなる外筒内に、窒化珪素、サイアロン等のセラミックスからなる内筒を焼嵌めした複合構造と、前記複合構造の端に設けた固定リング部材（先端リング部材、後端リング部材に相当。たとえばＳＫＤ６１で構成する）を有するダイカストスリーブを開示している。この特許文献１のダイカストスリーブは、内筒が窒化珪素、サイアロン等のセラミックスで構成されている為、ダイカストマシンで使用したときに、射出回数が１０万回以上の安定した射出を行うことができ、内筒の内面の溶湯による溶損、摩耗、焼付き、内筒に軸方向及び円周方向のクラックの発生、スリーブ内の溶湯の温度降下、プランジャーチップの摩耗もない旨が記載されている。 Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-246449) discloses a composite structure in which an inner cylinder made of ceramics such as silicon nitride and sialon is shrink-fitted in an outer cylinder made of a high-strength low thermal expansion metal, and an end of the composite structure. A die casting sleeve having a fixed ring member (corresponding to a front end ring member and a rear end ring member, for example, composed of SKD61) is disclosed. Since the inner cylinder of the die casting sleeve of Patent Document 1 is made of ceramics such as silicon nitride and sialon, when used in a die casting machine, stable injection can be performed with the number of injections being 100,000 times or more. It is described that there is no melting damage, wear and seizure due to the molten metal on the inner surface of the inner cylinder, the occurrence of axial and circumferential cracks in the inner cylinder, the temperature drop of the molten metal in the sleeve, and the wear of the plunger tip. Yes.
特許文献１に記載されたダイカストスリーブは、たとえば特許文献２（特開２０１２−１５２７６２）の図２に記載されているように、先端リング１０が、金型（固定型８ｃ）に固定した金属製のスプールブッシュ８ｄに接続されて、ダイカストマシンに配置されて使用されている。この金属製のスプールブッシュ８ｄを構成する材料としては、例えば熱間加工用工具鋼が好ましいと記載されている。スリーブ本体１ｃの内筒、先端リング１０、及びスプールブッシュ８ｄは、溶融アルミがプランジャーチップ８ｏに押されて通過する溶湯供給経路に相当する。この段落で用いた符号は特許文献２の符号である。 The die-cast sleeve described in Patent Document 1 is made of metal in which a tip ring 10 is fixed to a mold (fixed mold 8c) as described in FIG. 2 of Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-152762), for example. Are connected to a spool bush 8d and used in a die casting machine. As a material constituting the metal spool bush 8d, it is described that, for example, hot working tool steel is preferable. The inner cylinder of the sleeve main body 1c, the tip ring 10, and the spool bush 8d correspond to a molten metal supply path through which molten aluminum is pushed by the plunger tip 8o. The code used in this paragraph is the code of Patent Document 2.
特許文献２の図２に係るダイカストマシンを、連続的にダイカスト用合金の鋳造に使用すると、金属製のスプールブッシュの内周面に溶湯の固化した金属が付着するという問題を生じることがあった。これは、スプールブッシュの内周面が磨耗によって表面粗さが大きくなって溶湯の金属が付着し易くなる為である。 When the die casting machine according to FIG. 2 of Patent Document 2 is continuously used for casting an alloy for die casting, there may be a problem that the solidified metal adheres to the inner peripheral surface of the metal spool bush. . This is because the inner surface of the spool bush becomes worn and the surface roughness becomes large, and the molten metal tends to adhere.
さらに、射出回数が例えば１０万回を越えるような長期間にわたって連続的に鋳造を行うと、スプールブッシュの内周面に付着していた金属が、プランジャーチップが後退する際に、先端リング部材の内周面や内筒の内周面に移動して、強固に付着することがある。このような内周面に金属が付着した状態で鋳造を継続した場合、プランジャーチップとダイカストスリーブの摺動抵抗が増大して 射出速度が低下するとともに不安定になる。そして射出圧が低下して鋳造されたダイカスト用合金の製品には、充填不良により巣などの欠陥が発生することがあった。また、このような状況でダイカストスリーブを使用し続けると、内周面に金属が付着した先端リング側のセラミックス製内筒に加わる摺動抵抗が大きくなって、セラミックス製内筒の割れや端部の欠損につながり、使用できなくなることもあった。 Further, when the casting is continuously performed over a long period of time, for example, exceeding 100,000 times, the metal attached to the inner peripheral surface of the spool bush is moved toward the tip ring member when the plunger tip moves backward. May move firmly to the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder or the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder. If casting is continued with the metal adhering to such an inner peripheral surface, the sliding resistance between the plunger tip and the die casting sleeve increases, and the injection speed decreases and becomes unstable. In addition, defects such as nests may occur in die-cast alloy products cast with reduced injection pressure due to poor filling. In addition, if the die-casting sleeve is continuously used in such a situation, the sliding resistance applied to the inner ring made of ceramic on the tip ring side where metal adheres to the inner peripheral surface increases, and cracks and end portions of the inner tube made of ceramic This could lead to a loss of use and could make it unusable.
このようなダイカストスリーブの内周面に強固に付着した金属を除去する方法として、酸に浸漬して除去する方法も考えられるが、セラミックス製の内筒は酸に対する耐食性を有するものの、金属製の先端リングや外筒は内筒に比べて酸に対する耐食性が劣るため、困難である。また、ダイカストマシンからダイカストスリーブを取り出し、更に前記金属製の先端リング部材や金属製の外筒を前記内筒から取り外して、分解した後、セラミックス製内筒のみを酸に浸漬して付着した金属を除去、金属製の先端リング部材を新たに作成して、再度これらの部材を組み立てる方法も考えられるが、作業工数、コストの面から実用的ではない。 As a method of removing the metal firmly adhered to the inner peripheral surface of such a die casting sleeve, a method of removing by immersing in an acid is also conceivable, but although the ceramic inner cylinder has corrosion resistance against acid, it is made of metal. The tip ring and the outer cylinder are difficult because they are less resistant to acid than the inner cylinder. In addition, after removing the die-casting sleeve from the die-casting machine, and further removing the metal tip ring member and the metal outer cylinder from the inner cylinder and disassembling, the metal adhered only by immersing the ceramic inner cylinder in acid However, it is possible to create a metal tip ring member and assemble these members again, but it is not practical in terms of work man-hours and cost.
本発明の目的は、金属製の外筒内にセラミックス製の内筒を焼嵌めするとともに、前記外筒の両端に金属製の固定リングを設けたダイカストスリーブを分解することなくダイカストスリーブの寿命を向上する方法を提供することにある。 The object of the present invention is to shrink fit the die-cast sleeve without disassembling the die-cast sleeve provided with the metal fixing ring at both ends of the outer tube while shrink-fitting the ceramic inner tube into the metal outer tube. It is to provide a way to improve.
発明者らは、鋭意検討した結果、本発明に係るダイカストスリーブのクリーニング方法を適用することで、金属製の外筒内にセラミックス製の内筒を焼嵌めするとともに、前記外筒の両端に金属製の固定リングを設けたダイカストスリーブを分解することなく、ダイカストスリーブの寿命を向上できることを見いだし、本発明に想到した。 As a result of intensive studies, the inventors applied the die-casting sleeve cleaning method according to the present invention to shrink-fit a ceramic inner cylinder in a metal outer cylinder and to apply metal to both ends of the outer cylinder. The present inventors have found that the life of a die-casting sleeve can be improved without disassembling a die-casting sleeve provided with a fixed ring made of metal, and have arrived at the present invention.
すなわち、本発明のダイカストスリーブのクリーニング方法は、金属製の外筒内にセラミックス製の内筒を焼嵌めするとともに、前記外筒の両端に金属製の固定リングを設けたダイカストスリーブをダイカスト用合金の鋳造に使用した後、回転軸の一方の端に可撓性研磨部材、他方の端に保持部を有するクリーニング用具の少なくとも前記可撓性研磨部材を前記ダイカストスリーブの内周内に挿入し、回転する前記可撓性研磨部材を前記ダイカストスリーブの内周面に付着した金属を主体とする付着物及び前記内周面に接触させて研磨する研磨処理を有することを特徴とする。 That is, in the die casting sleeve cleaning method of the present invention, a die-casting sleeve in which a ceramic inner tube is shrink-fitted in a metal outer tube and metal fixing rings are provided at both ends of the outer tube is used as an alloy for die casting. After being used for casting, at least one flexible abrasive member of a cleaning tool having a flexible abrasive member at one end of the rotating shaft and a holding portion at the other end is inserted into the inner periphery of the die casting sleeve, The rotating flexible polishing member includes a deposit mainly composed of metal attached to the inner peripheral surface of the die-cast sleeve and a polishing process in which the rotating flexible polishing member is polished while being brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface.
前記本発明のダイカストスリーブのクリーニング方法において、前記可撓性研磨部材は、表面に砥粒を有する研磨布或いは研磨紙で構成した複数の研磨部と、前記複数の研磨部を放射状に配置、支持する回転軸部を有するフラップホイールであることを特徴とする。前記本発明のダイカストスリーブのクリーニング方法において、前記可撓性研磨部材の外径Ｒと前記ダイカストスリーブの内径ｄが、Ｒ／ｄ＝０．２〜０．６の関係を有することを特徴とする。 In the die casting sleeve cleaning method according to the present invention, the flexible polishing member includes a plurality of polishing portions made of polishing cloth or paper having abrasive grains on the surface, and the plurality of polishing portions arranged radially and supported. It is a flap wheel which has a rotating shaft part to do. In the die-casting sleeve cleaning method of the present invention, the outer diameter R of the flexible abrasive member and the inner diameter d of the die-casting sleeve have a relationship of R / d = 0.2 to 0.6. .
前記本発明のダイカストスリーブのクリーニング方法において、前記研磨処理を行う前に、回転軸の一方の端に砥石、他方の端に保持部を有するクリーニング用具の少なくとも前記砥石を前記ダイカストスリーブの内周内に挿入し、回転する前記砥石を前記内筒の内周面に付着した金属を主体とする付着物及び前記内筒の内周面に接触させて研磨する粗研磨処理を有することを特徴とする。 In the die casting sleeve cleaning method of the present invention, before performing the polishing process, at least the grinding wheel of a cleaning tool having a grindstone at one end of a rotating shaft and a holding portion at the other end is placed inside the inner periphery of the die casting sleeve. And a rough polishing process in which the rotating grindstone is inserted into and attached to the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder and contacted with the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder for polishing. .
前記本発明のダイカストスリーブのクリーニング方法において、前記砥石はレジノイド砥石であることを特徴とする。前記本発明において、前記砥石の外径ｒと前記ダイカストスリーブの内径ｄが、ｒ／ｄ＝０．１〜０．５の関係を有することを特徴とする。 In the die casting sleeve cleaning method of the present invention, the grindstone is a resinoid grindstone. In the present invention, an outer diameter r of the grindstone and an inner diameter d of the die casting sleeve have a relationship of r / d = 0.1 to 0.5.
前記本発明のダイカストスリーブのクリーニング方法において、前記金属を主体とする付着物の少なくとも一部を、先端にヘラ部を有する金属製のスクレーパーを用いて削減する削減処理を有する。 The die casting sleeve cleaning method of the present invention includes a reduction process for reducing at least a part of the deposit mainly composed of the metal using a metal scraper having a spatula portion at the tip.
本発明に係るダイカストスリーブのクリーニング方法を適用することにより、金属製の外筒内にセラミックス製の内筒を焼嵌めするとともに、前記外筒の両端に金属製の固定リングを設けたダイカストスリーブを分解することなく、ダイカストスリーブの内周面に付着した金属を主体とする付着物を除去できるため、セラミックス製の内筒を有するダイカストスリーブの長寿命化が達成できるとともに、ダイカストスリーブの射出速度が安定化して高い品質で製品を得ることができる。 By applying the die casting sleeve cleaning method according to the present invention, a die casting sleeve in which a ceramic inner cylinder is shrink-fitted in a metal outer cylinder and metal fixing rings are provided at both ends of the outer cylinder is provided. Since it is possible to remove deposits mainly made of metal adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the die-casting sleeve without disassembling, it is possible to extend the life of the die-casting sleeve having a ceramic inner cylinder, and the injection speed of the die-casting sleeve Stabilize and get products with high quality.
本発明の実施形態を、添付図面を参照して以下詳細に説明するが、本発明は勿論それらに限定されるものではない。各実施形態に関する説明は、特に断りがなければ他の実施形態にも適用できる。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is of course not limited thereto. The description regarding each embodiment is applicable also to other embodiment unless there is particular notice.
（ダイカストスリーブ）
図１は本発明のダイカストスリーブのクリーニング方法の１例を示す断面図である。図１において、直線A−Aはスリーブ１の中心軸線を示す。このダイカストスリーブは、スリーブ本体１５として、金属製の外筒１１と、前記外筒１１内に焼嵌めにより装着されたセラミックス製の内筒１２を備える。前記外筒１１の先端部にはダイカストマシンに固定するための金属製の固定リングである先端リング部材２が装着され、前記外筒１１の後端面には金属製の固定リングである後端リング部材３がボルト３１，３１により固定されている。符号７は溶湯を注ぐための給湯口である。外筒１１の外周面のうち先端部に隣接する位置に鍔状凸部１１ｃが形成されており、先端リング部材２は鍔状凸部１１ｃにボルト５１，５１により固定されており、外筒１１の先端部からのズレが防止されている。ダイカストスリーブの内径はたとえば７５〜１８０ｍｍであり、内径内をプランジャーチップ（図示せず）が後端側から先端側に移動してアルミニウム合金等の溶湯に射出するため、先端リング部材２と内筒１２の内径は、同一寸法としている。一方、後端リング内筒の内径は、内筒１２の内径より僅かに大きめとしている。内筒の軸方向の全長はたとえば６００〜１３００ｍｍである。
(Die-cast sleeve)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for cleaning a die casting sleeve according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a straight line AA indicates the central axis of the sleeve 1. The die-cast sleeve includes a metal outer cylinder 11 and a ceramic inner cylinder 12 mounted by shrink fitting in the outer cylinder 11 as a sleeve body 15. A front end ring member 2 which is a metal fixing ring for fixing to a die casting machine is attached to a front end portion of the outer cylinder 11, and a rear end ring which is a metal fixing ring is attached to the rear end surface of the outer cylinder 11. The member 3 is fixed by bolts 31 and 31. Reference numeral 7 denotes a hot water inlet for pouring the molten metal. A flange-like convex portion 11 c is formed at a position adjacent to the tip portion of the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 11, and the tip ring member 2 is fixed to the hook-like convex portion 11 c by bolts 51, 51. Misalignment from the tip of the is prevented. The inner diameter of the die-cast sleeve is, for example, 75 to 180 mm, and a plunger tip (not shown) moves from the rear end side to the front end side and is injected into a molten metal such as an aluminum alloy. The inner diameter of the cylinder 12 is the same. On the other hand, the inner diameter of the inner ring of the rear end ring is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 12. The total axial length of the inner cylinder is, for example, 600 to 1300 mm.
内筒を構成するセラミックスとしては、耐溶損性、耐摩耗性、耐熱性、溶湯保温性及び耐焼付き性に優れた窒化珪素又はサイアロン等の窒化珪素質焼結体が好ましい。前記窒化珪素質焼結体、窒化珪素粒子又はサイアロン粒子からなる主相と、希土類元素を含む粒界相等により構成されている。 As the ceramic constituting the inner cylinder, a silicon nitride-based sintered body such as silicon nitride or sialon excellent in melt resistance, wear resistance, heat resistance, molten metal heat retention and seizure resistance is preferable. The main body is composed of the silicon nitride sintered body, silicon nitride particles or sialon particles, and a grain boundary phase containing a rare earth element.
外筒を構成する金属としては、セラミックス製の内筒を焼嵌めすることから、５９０ＭＰａ以上の引張強度を有する高強度金属材料が好ましく、例えばＳＫＤ−６１などの熱間金型用鋼や、高強度低熱膨張性金属などを用いることができる。特に高強度低熱膨張金属材料を用いると、20℃から600℃まで熱膨張係数が約3×10-6／℃である窒化珪素質セラミックスからなる内筒との熱膨張差が小さいため、ダイカスト鋳造に使用してスリーブ全体の温度が上昇したとしても焼嵌めが緩まないため好ましい。
高強度低熱膨張性金属は、20℃から300℃までの平均熱膨張係数が1×10-6〜5×10-6／℃であり、20℃から600℃までの平均熱膨張係数が5×10-6／℃以上であるのが好ましい。このような高強度低熱膨張性金属の一例は、Fe−Ni−Co系合金に1種以上の析出強化元素を添加したものであり、析出強化元素としてはAl、Ti、Nb等が挙げられる。このような高強度低熱膨張性金属の好ましい組成例は、Ni：30〜35質量％、Co：12〜17質量％、Al：0.5〜1.5質量％、Ti：1.5〜3質量％、残部Fe及び不可避不純物である。
As the metal constituting the outer cylinder, a high-strength metal material having a tensile strength of 590 MPa or more is preferable because a ceramic inner cylinder is shrink-fitted. For example, hot mold steel such as SKD-61, A strength low thermal expansion metal or the like can be used. In particular, when a high-strength, low-thermal-expansion metal material is used, the difference in thermal expansion from the inner cylinder made of silicon nitride ceramics with a thermal expansion coefficient of about 3 × 10 -6 / ° C from 20 ° C to 600 ° C is small, so die casting Even if the temperature of the sleeve as a whole rises, shrinkage does not loosen, which is preferable.
High-strength, low-thermal-expansion metals have an average coefficient of thermal expansion from 20 ° C to 300 ° C of 1 × 10 -6 to 5 × 10 -6 / ° C, and an average coefficient of thermal expansion from 20 ° C to 600 ° C is 5 ×. It is preferably 10 −6 / ° C. or higher. An example of such a high-strength low-thermal-expansion metal is obtained by adding one or more precipitation strengthening elements to an Fe—Ni—Co-based alloy, and examples of the precipitation strengthening elements include Al, Ti, and Nb. Preferred examples of the composition of such a high-strength low-thermal-expansion metal include Ni: 30 to 35% by mass, Co: 12 to 17% by mass, Al: 0.5 to 1.5% by mass, Ti: 1.5 to 3% by mass, the balance Fe and Inevitable impurities.
金属製の先端リング部材は、たとえばＳＫＤ６１のような熱間金型用鋼もしくは高強度低熱膨張性金属で構成することが好ましい。さらに、先端リングの内周面には、窒化層などの耐食処理を施すことが好ましい。
（ダイカストスリーブのクリーニング）
The metal tip ring member is preferably made of hot mold steel such as SKD61 or a high-strength low thermal expansion metal. Furthermore, it is preferable to subject the inner peripheral surface of the tip ring to a corrosion resistance treatment such as a nitride layer.
(Die-casting sleeve cleaning)
このようなダイカストスリーブを用いてダイカスト用合金の鋳造を行うと、射出回数が少ない場合には、前記先端リング部材２及び前記内筒１２の内周面に金属を主体とする付着物は付着しない。ただし、射出回数が増大すると、先端リング部材２及び内筒１２の内周面２ｂ及び１２ｂに金属を主体とする付着物（たとえばアルミニウム合金等）が付着して射出速度が低下して不安定になることがある。金属を主体とする付着物の厚さ（内筒の径方向における金属を主体とする付着物の寸法）は、たとえば０．１ｍｍ以上、０．５ｍｍ以下であり、軸方向に沿ってスリーブ下側に貼り付くような形態をしている。金属を主体とする付着物とは、ダイカスト用合金、例えばアルミニウム合金、亜鉛合金、およびマグネシウム合金等を含む付着物であり、これら金属の酸化物や潤滑剤に由来する成分を含むものである。金属を主体とする付着物は、先端リング部材及び内筒の内周面の下面側に付き易い。なお、後端リング部材３の内径は、内筒の内径より大きくしていることから、後端リング部材の内周面には、基本的には、金属を主体とする付着物が付着することはない。このような状態になった場合、ダイカストマシンの運転を停止してダイカストスリーブの内周面のクリーニングを行う。クリーニングは、ダイカストスリーブをダイカストマシンに固定した状態で行うが、ダイカストスリーブをダイカストマシンから外した状態で行えることは言うまでもない。 When the die casting alloy is cast using such a die casting sleeve, when the number of injections is small, deposits mainly composed of metal do not adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the tip ring member 2 and the inner cylinder 12. . However, when the number of injections increases, deposits mainly made of metal (for example, aluminum alloy) adhere to the tip ring member 2 and the inner peripheral surfaces 2b and 12b of the inner cylinder 12, and the injection speed decreases and becomes unstable. May be. The thickness of the deposit mainly composed of metal (the dimension of the deposit mainly composed of metal in the radial direction of the inner cylinder) is, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less, and the sleeve lower side along the axial direction It is shaped to stick to. The metal-based deposit is a deposit including a die casting alloy such as an aluminum alloy, a zinc alloy, and a magnesium alloy, and includes a component derived from an oxide or lubricant of these metals. Deposits mainly composed of metal are easily attached to the lower surface side of the inner peripheral surface of the tip ring member and the inner cylinder. In addition, since the inner diameter of the rear end ring member 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder, basically, deposits mainly composed of metal adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the rear end ring member. There is no. In such a state, the operation of the die casting machine is stopped and the inner peripheral surface of the die casting sleeve is cleaned. Cleaning is performed with the die casting sleeve fixed to the die casting machine, but it goes without saying that the cleaning can be performed with the die casting sleeve removed from the die casting machine.
（研磨処理）
図１に示すようにクリーニングを行うダイカストスリーブの内周内に、回転軸６６の一方の端に可撓性研磨部材２０、他方の端に保持部６７を有するクリーニング用具７０の少なくとも前記可撓性研磨部材を挿入し、回転する前記可撓性研磨部材を前記ダイカストスリーブの内周面に付着した金属を主体とする付着物及び前記内周面に接触させて研磨する研磨処理を行う。具体的には、先端リング部材２又は後端リング部材３の開口から、クリーニング用具７０を軸方向（A−A方向）に沿って挿入して、回転軸６６の先端に設けた可撓性研磨部材２０を回転させた状態で、その外周面を内周面２ｂ，１２ｂに付着した金属を主体とする付着物又は内筒の内周面１２ｂに接触させ、回転軸を内周面に沿うように公転させるとともに前進させることで研磨して金属を主体とする付着物を除去する。図１では、先端リング部材の内周面２ｂにクリーニング用具７０の先端に取り付けた可撓性研磨部材２０の外周面を接触させる例を示しているが、内筒１２の内周面１２ｂにも可撓性研磨部材の外周を接触させて先端リング部材および内筒の内周面に付着した金属を主体として付着物を除去する。可撓性研磨部材２０は研磨部２３が撓み易くなっている為、金属を主体とする付着物や内周面に与える力が緩和され、ＳＫＤ６１のような硬質の熱間金型用鋼で形成された先端リング部材やセラミックス製の内筒に研磨疵などのダメージを与えることなく金属を主体とする付着物が優先的に研磨、低減、除去される。
(Polishing process)
As shown in FIG. 1, at least the flexibility of a cleaning tool 70 having a flexible polishing member 20 at one end of a rotating shaft 66 and a holding portion 67 at the other end in the inner periphery of a die-casting sleeve to be cleaned. A polishing process is performed in which a polishing member is inserted and the rotating flexible polishing member is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the die-casting sleeve and the inner peripheral surface thereof for polishing. Specifically, the cleaning tool 70 is inserted along the axial direction (A-A direction) from the opening of the front end ring member 2 or the rear end ring member 3, and the flexible polishing provided at the front end of the rotating shaft 66. In a state where the member 20 is rotated, the outer peripheral surface thereof is brought into contact with a metal-attached deposit mainly attached to the inner peripheral surfaces 2b and 12b or the inner peripheral surface 12b of the inner cylinder so that the rotation axis follows the inner peripheral surface. It is polished by revolving and moving forward to remove deposits mainly composed of metal. Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which the outer peripheral surface of the flexible polishing member 20 attached to the tip of the cleaning tool 70 is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface 2b of the tip ring member, the inner peripheral surface 12b of the inner cylinder 12 is also shown. The outer periphery of the flexible polishing member is brought into contact with the tip ring member and the metal adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder to remove the deposit. The flexible polishing member 20 is made of a hard hot mold steel such as SKD61 because the polishing portion 23 is easily bent and the force applied to the metal-based deposit and the inner peripheral surface is relaxed. Deposits mainly composed of metal are preferentially polished, reduced, and removed without causing damage such as polishing flaws on the tip ring member and ceramic inner cylinder.
（可撓性研磨部材）
可撓性研磨部材として、たとえば図２に示すように、表面に砥粒を有する研磨布或いは研磨紙で構成した複数の研磨部２３と、前記複数の研磨部２３を放射状に配置、支持する回転軸部を有するフラップホイール２０ｂを用いるのが好ましい。前記回転軸部は軸部２１とフランジ部２２で構成してもよい。図２のフラップホイール２０ｂの一部を拡大して図３（ａ）に示す。研磨部２３は一端が固定され、他端が自由端になっている為、内筒や先端リング部材の内周面に接触すると、図３（ｂ）に示すように研磨部２３が撓み易く、研磨部が金属を主体とする付着物や内周面に与える力が緩和されて、ＳＫＤ６１のような硬質の熱間金型用鋼で形成された先端リング部材やセラミックス製の内筒に研磨疵などのダメージを与えることなく、金属を主体とする付着物が優先的に研磨、低減、除去される。
(Flexible polishing member)
As a flexible polishing member, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of polishing portions 23 made of polishing cloth or polishing paper having abrasive grains on the surface, and a rotation for arranging and supporting the plurality of polishing portions 23 radially. It is preferable to use a flap wheel 20b having a shaft portion. The rotating shaft portion may be composed of a shaft portion 21 and a flange portion 22. A part of the flap wheel 20b in FIG. 2 is enlarged and shown in FIG. Since the polishing part 23 is fixed at one end and the other end is a free end, when contacting the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder or the tip ring member, the polishing part 23 is easily bent as shown in FIG. The force applied to the deposit or inner peripheral surface of the metal by the polishing part is alleviated, and the tip ring member made of hard hot mold steel such as SKD61 or the inner cylinder made of ceramic is polished. The deposit mainly composed of metal is preferentially polished, reduced, and removed without causing any damage.
前記フラップホイール２０ｂは、表面に砥粒を有する研磨布或いは研磨紙で構成した研磨部が、放射状に配置されていれば、図３（ｃ）に示すように、研磨布片或いは研磨紙片をフラップホイールの外周に相当する箇所で折り曲げた研磨部２３ｂをフランジ部２２ｂに設けるようにしてもよい。図４は、図３（ｃ）のフラップホイールの研磨部２３ｂの厚さ方向の断面を拡大した概略図で示す。研磨部２３ｂは、紙製の基材２５の片面（表面）にボンド２６を介して複数の砥粒２７が固定されている。フランジ部に設けられる研磨部２３ｂは、たとえば５０〜２００枚である。紙製の基材２５を布製の基材に置き換えてもよい。図３（ａ）のフラップホイールの研磨部２３は、紙製の基材の両面にボンドを介して複数の砥粒が固定されている。フラップホイールの砥粒は、例えばアルミナを主成分とするアルミナ質の砥粒を用い、その粒度をたとえば＃４０〜＃４００の範囲内として、より好ましくは＃４０〜＃８０とする。 As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the flap wheel 20b flaps the abrasive cloth piece or abrasive paper piece as long as the polishing portion made of abrasive cloth or abrasive paper having abrasive grains on its surface is arranged radially. You may make it provide the grinding | polishing part 23b bent in the location corresponded on the outer periphery of a wheel in the flange part 22b. FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the cross section in the thickness direction of the polishing portion 23b of the flap wheel of FIG. In the polishing portion 23 b, a plurality of abrasive grains 27 are fixed to one side (front surface) of a paper base material 25 via a bond 26. The number of polishing parts 23b provided in the flange part is, for example, 50 to 200. The paper base material 25 may be replaced with a cloth base material. In the polishing portion 23 of the flap wheel in FIG. 3A, a plurality of abrasive grains are fixed to both surfaces of a paper base material via bonds. As the abrasive grains of the flap wheel, for example, alumina abrasive grains mainly composed of alumina are used, and the grain size thereof is, for example, in the range of # 40 to # 400, and more preferably # 40 to # 80.
可撓性研磨部材の外径Ｒは、ダイカストスリーブの内径ｄと、Ｒ／ｄ＝０．２〜０．６の関係を有することが好ましい。Ｒ／ｄが０．２未満であると、研磨処理に必要以上に時間がかかるためであり、Ｒ／ｄが０．６を超えると作業性が悪化して細かな研磨残りが発生することもあるからである。Ｒ／ｄは、０．３以上、０．５以下がより好ましく、０．４以上が更に好ましい。可撓性研磨部材の幅Ｄは１５〜４０ｍｍが好ましい。幅Ｄが１５ｍｍ未満であると、研磨処理に必要以上に時間がかかるためであり、幅Ｄが４０ｍｍを超えると作業性が悪化して細かな研磨残りが発生することもあるからである。 The outer diameter R of the flexible polishing member preferably has a relationship of R / d = 0.2 to 0.6 with the inner diameter d of the die casting sleeve. If R / d is less than 0.2, the polishing process takes more time than necessary, and if R / d exceeds 0.6, workability may deteriorate and fine polishing residue may occur. Because there is. R / d is preferably 0.3 or more and 0.5 or less, and more preferably 0.4 or more. The width D of the flexible polishing member is preferably 15 to 40 mm. This is because if the width D is less than 15 mm, the polishing process takes more time than necessary, and if the width D exceeds 40 mm, the workability may deteriorate and a fine polishing residue may occur.
（粗研磨処理）
本発明のダイカストスリーブのクリーニング方法において、前記研磨処理を行う前に、回転軸の一方の端に砥石、他方の端に保持部を有するクリーニング用具の少なくとも前記砥石を前記ダイカストスリーブの内周内に挿入し、回転する前記砥石を前記セラミックス製内筒の内周面に付着した金属を主体とする付着物及び前記内筒の内周面に接触させて研磨する粗研磨処理を有することが好ましい。内筒の内周面を砥石で研磨する粗研磨処理は、内筒の内周面に付着した金属を主体とする付着物の厚さを大幅に低減して、研磨に係る時間的な工数を短縮する。ここで、粗研磨処理は前記金属製固定リングの内周面には施さない。金属製固定リングの内周面が砥石により研磨され、内径が大きくなって、使用できなくなることもからである。
(Rough polishing treatment)
In the die casting sleeve cleaning method of the present invention, before performing the polishing treatment, at least the grinding stone of the cleaning tool having a grinding stone at one end of the rotating shaft and a holding portion at the other end is placed in the inner periphery of the die casting sleeve. It is preferable to have a rough polishing process in which the grindstone that is inserted and rotated is adhered to the inner peripheral surface of the ceramic inner cylinder and is subjected to polishing by bringing the grindstone into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder. The rough polishing process in which the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder is polished with a grindstone greatly reduces the thickness of deposits mainly composed of metal adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder, thereby reducing the time required for polishing. Shorten. Here, the rough polishing treatment is not performed on the inner peripheral surface of the metal fixing ring. This is because the inner peripheral surface of the metal fixing ring is polished by a grindstone, the inner diameter becomes large, and it cannot be used.
（砥石）
内筒の内周面に粗研磨処理を行う砥石はレジノイド砥石を用いるのが好ましい。レジノイド砥石は、他のメタルボンド砥石やビトリファイド砥石に比べてクッション性が良いため、セラミックス製内筒の内周面の疵などの発生を阻止することができるとともに、切れ味の悪くなった最表面の砥粒が脱落し易く、新しい砥粒が表面に出現して切れ味を維持できるため、粗研磨処理が効率よく行えるからである。レジノイド砥石の外形は円筒状、円柱状、或いは円錐状としてもよい。レジノイド砥石の砥粒としては、例えばアルミナを主成分とするアルミナ質の砥粒を用い、その粒度をたとえば＃４０〜＃４００の範囲内として、より好ましくは＃４０〜＃８０とする。＃４００よりも＃４０は砥粒の粒度が大きいので、金属を主体とする付着物を低減し易く好ましい。レジノイド砥石の砥粒としては、ダイヤモンド砥粒は硬度が高すぎて内筒を大きく削る恐れがあるので、ダイヤモンド砥粒よりも硬度の低い砥粒を用いるのが好ましい。砥粒を固定するボンドは、たとえばフェノール樹脂を用いる。
(Whetstone)
It is preferable to use a resinoid grindstone as a grindstone for performing rough polishing on the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder. Resinoid grindstones have better cushioning than other metal bond grindstones and vitrified grindstones, so they can prevent the occurrence of wrinkles on the inner surface of the ceramic inner cylinder, This is because the abrasive grains are easy to fall off and new abrasive grains appear on the surface to maintain the sharpness, so that the rough polishing process can be performed efficiently. The outer shape of the resinoid grindstone may be cylindrical, columnar, or conical. As the abrasive grains of the resinoid grindstone, for example, alumina-based abrasive grains mainly composed of alumina are used, and the grain size thereof is, for example, in the range of # 40 to # 400, more preferably # 40 to # 80. Since # 40 has a larger abrasive grain size than # 400, it is preferable to reduce deposits mainly composed of metal. As the abrasive grains of the resinoid grindstone, it is preferable to use abrasive grains having a hardness lower than that of the diamond abrasive grains because the diamond abrasive grains are too hard and may cause the inner cylinder to be sharply shaved. For example, a phenol resin is used as the bond for fixing the abrasive grains.
砥石の外径ｒは、ダイカストスリーブの内径ｄと、ｒ／ｄ＝０．１~０．５の関係を有することが好ましい。ｒ／ｄが０．１未満であると、研磨処理に必要以上に時間がかかるためであり、ｒ／ｄが０．５を超えると、作業性が悪化して細かな研磨残りが発生することもあるからである。r／ｄは、０．２以上、０．４以下がより好ましく、０．３以下が更に好ましい。可撓性研磨部材の幅Ｄは１５〜４０ｍｍが好ましい。幅Ｄが１５ｍｍ未満であると、研磨処理に必要以上に時間がかかるためであり、幅Ｄが４０ｍｍを超えると、作業性が悪化して細かな研磨残りが発生することもあるからである。 The outer diameter r of the grindstone preferably has a relationship of r / d = 0.1 to 0.5 with the inner diameter d of the die casting sleeve. If r / d is less than 0.1, the polishing process takes more time than necessary. If r / d exceeds 0.5, workability deteriorates and a fine polishing residue occurs. Because there is also. r / d is preferably 0.2 or more and 0.4 or less, and more preferably 0.3 or less. The width D of the flexible polishing member is preferably 15 to 40 mm. This is because if the width D is less than 15 mm, the polishing process takes more time than necessary, and if the width D exceeds 40 mm, the workability may deteriorate and a fine polishing residue may occur.
（削減処理）
本発明において、前記金属を主体とする付着物の少なくとも一部を、先端にヘラ部を有する金属製スクレーパーを用いて削減する削減処理を有することが好ましい。たとえばスクレーパーは、先端リング部材の内周面に付着した金属を主体とする付着物の少なくとも一部をはぎ取る工具として用いる。先端にヘラ部を有する金属製スクレーパー４０の一例を図５に示す。スクレーパー４０は、作業者がスクレーパーをハンドリングするための保持部４１と、保持部に隣接した板状部４２と、前記板状部４２先端の角に丸みをつけたヘラ部４３（刃に相当する部分）を有する。ヘラ部４３を金属を主体とする付着物の少なくとも一部に接触させ、保持部４１に荷重をかけることにより、付着物を削減する。前記研磨処理、粗研磨処理に加えて本削減処理を行うことにより、金属を主体とする付着物を効率よく低減でき、クリーニング時間を低減できる。なお、先端にヘラ部を有する金属製スクレーパーは、ステンレスを用いることが好ましい。本削減処理は、粗研磨処理を行う前に実施しても良いし、粗研磨処理後、研磨処理前に行っても良い。
(Reduction processing)
In this invention, it is preferable to have a reduction process which reduces at least one part of the said metal-based deposit | attachment using the metal scraper which has a spatula part in the front-end | tip. For example, the scraper is used as a tool for removing at least a part of a deposit mainly composed of metal attached to the inner peripheral surface of the tip ring member. An example of a metal scraper 40 having a spatula portion at the tip is shown in FIG. The scraper 40 includes a holding portion 41 for an operator to handle the scraper, a plate-like portion 42 adjacent to the holding portion, and a spatula portion 43 (corresponding to a blade) with a rounded corner at the tip of the plate-like portion 42. Part). The spatula portion 43 is brought into contact with at least a part of the deposit mainly composed of metal, and a load is applied to the holding portion 41 to reduce the deposit. By performing this reduction process in addition to the polishing process and the rough polishing process, deposits mainly composed of metal can be efficiently reduced, and the cleaning time can be reduced. In addition, it is preferable to use stainless steel for the metal scraper having the spatula portion at the tip. This reduction process may be performed before the rough polishing process, or after the rough polishing process and before the polishing process.
本発明を以下の実施例によりさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はそれらに限定されるものではない。 The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
（実施例１）
図１に示すものと同様の形状であって、セラミックス製の内筒１２の内径１３０ｍｍ、金属製の外筒１１の外径２６０ｍｍ、前記外筒１１及びセラミックス製の内筒１２の長さ８７５ｍｍ、先端リングの内径１３０ｍｍ、長さ３００ｍｍ、後端リングの内径１３０．２ｍｍ、長さ５５ｍｍ、であるダイカストスリーブを作製した。前記外筒１１は、Ｎｉ：３２．６質量％、Ｃｏ：１４．９質量％、Ａｌ：０．８質量％、Ｔｉ：２．３質量％、残部Ｆｅ及び不可避的不純物からなる高強度低熱膨張性の金属で構成した。前記内筒１２は、Ｓｉ３Ｎ４：８７質量％、Ｙ２Ｏ３：６質量％、Ａｌ２Ｏ３：４質量％、及びＡｌＮ：３質量％に原料配合して焼結してなるサイアロンセラミックスで構成した。先端リング部材２及び後端リング部材３は、熱間金型用鋼のＳＫＤ６１で構成した。内筒と外筒は焼嵌め率１／１０００で焼嵌めにより両者を一体化した後、外筒の先端側に先端リングを焼嵌め組み立て、外筒のフランジ部にボルト締結し、更に、外筒の後端側に後端リングをボルト締結して、ダイカストスリーブとした。
Example 1
The inner shape of the ceramic inner cylinder 12 is 130 mm, the outer diameter of the metal outer cylinder 11 is 260 mm, the length of the outer cylinder 11 and the ceramic inner cylinder 12 is 875 mm, A die casting sleeve having an inner diameter of the front end ring of 130 mm and a length of 300 mm and an inner diameter of the rear end ring of 130.2 mm and a length of 55 mm was produced. The outer cylinder 11 is made of Ni: 32.6% by mass, Co: 14.9% by mass, Al: 0.8% by mass, Ti: 2.3% by mass, balance Fe and inevitable impurities and high strength and low thermal expansion. Made of sex metal. The inner cylinder 12 is a sialon formed by mixing raw materials into Si 3 N 4 : 87 mass%, Y 2 O 3 : 6 mass%, Al 2 O 3 : 4 mass%, and AlN: 3 mass% and sintering. Made of ceramics. The front end ring member 2 and the rear end ring member 3 were made of SKD61, which is a hot mold steel. After the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are integrated by shrink fitting at a shrinkage fit of 1/1000, a tip ring is shrink fitted on the distal end side of the outer cylinder, assembled, and bolted to the flange portion of the outer cylinder. A rear end ring was bolted to the rear end side to form a die-cast sleeve.
ついで、このダイカストスリーブを型締力２５００トンの横型のダイカストマシンの射出装置に設けて、アルミニウム合金のダイカスト成形に使用した（自動車用部品：成形重量１６ｋｇ）。射出回数が１０万回になるまで使用したところ、射出速度が低下して射出が不安定になり、これ以上継続して使用すると鋳造不良の発生や、内筒の割れの発生する虞があると判断してダイカストマシンの運転を停止した。ダイカストスリーブをダイカストマシンに設置した状態で、先端リング部材の開口及び後端リング部材の開口を開放して内周面を確認したところ、先端リング部材及びセラミックス製内筒の内周面の下面側にアルミニウムを主体とする付着物が付着していた。最初に内周面に残留していた潤滑剤等の汚れをウェスで拭き取った後、先端リング及び内筒の内径を測定し、以下に示すクリーニングを行った。 Next, this die casting sleeve was provided in an injection device of a horizontal die casting machine having a clamping force of 2500 tons and used for die casting of an aluminum alloy (automobile parts: molding weight 16 kg). When used until the number of injections reaches 100,000 times, the injection speed decreases and the injection becomes unstable, and there is a risk of occurrence of casting defects or cracking of the inner cylinder if used continuously beyond this. Judging, the operation of the die casting machine was stopped. With the die casting sleeve installed in the die casting machine, the opening of the front ring member and the opening of the rear ring member were opened and the inner peripheral surface was confirmed. The lower surface side of the inner peripheral surface of the front ring member and the ceramic inner cylinder Deposits mainly composed of aluminum adhered to the surface. First, the dirt such as the lubricant remaining on the inner peripheral surface was wiped off with a waste cloth, and then the inner diameters of the tip ring and the inner cylinder were measured, and the following cleaning was performed.
図６に示すように、回転軸６６の先端に接続部６５を介して可撓性研磨部材２０を設け、回転軸６６を保持部６７で支持し、回転軸６６にホース６８を介して圧縮空気を送ることで回転軸６６（及び可撓性研磨部材２０）を回転させるクリーニング用具７０を準備した。この可撓性研磨部材２０として、外径Ｒ６０ｍｍ、フランジ部の径３０ｍｍ、幅Ｄ３０ｍｍ、研磨布の表面に粒度＃６０のアルミナ質砥粒を有する研磨部２３を９４枚有するフラップホイール２０ｂを用いた。回転軸６６は、長さ４２０ｍｍ、直径２０ｍｍである。保持部６７は、長さ１８０ｍｍ、直径５０ｍｍである。可撓性研磨部材２０の外径Ｒとダイカストスリーブの内径ｄは、Ｒ（６０ｍｍ）／ｄ（１３０ｍｍ）＝０．４６の関係を有する。 As shown in FIG. 6, the flexible polishing member 20 is provided at the tip of the rotating shaft 66 via a connecting portion 65, the rotating shaft 66 is supported by a holding portion 67, and the rotating shaft 66 is compressed air via a hose 68. To prepare a cleaning tool 70 for rotating the rotary shaft 66 (and the flexible polishing member 20). As this flexible polishing member 20, a flap wheel 20b having an outer diameter R of 60 mm, a flange portion diameter of 30 mm, a width D of 30 mm, and 94 polishing portions 23 having an abrasive grain of particle size # 60 on the surface of the polishing cloth was used. . The rotating shaft 66 has a length of 420 mm and a diameter of 20 mm. The holding part 67 has a length of 180 mm and a diameter of 50 mm. The outer diameter R of the flexible polishing member 20 and the inner diameter d of the die-casting sleeve have a relationship of R (60 mm) / d (130 mm) = 0.46.
ついで、作業者が保持部６７を保持して、後端リング部材３の開口からクリーニング用具７０の回転軸６６及びフラップホイール２０ｂを挿入した。圧縮空気を回転軸６６に供給してフラップホイール２０ｂが回転数１８０００ｒｐｍで回転している状態にした後、回転軸６６をダイカストスリーブの軸心方向（A−A方向）に略平行にフラップホイール２０ｂの回転周面が内筒の内周面に付着したアルミニウムを主体とする付着物に接触する状態を保つように、同心円状かつ前進するよう螺旋状に移動させた。この際、内周面の全周にフラップホイール２０ｂの回転周面が接触するようにした。フラップホイールの回転周面が内筒の内周面に付着したアルミニウムを主体とする付着物を研磨して低減していった。内筒の内周面の軸芯方向略半分（後端リング部材側）の領域において、目視で認識できなくなるまでアルミニウムを主体とする付着物を研磨して除去した後に、クリーニング用具７０の回転軸６６の回転を停止して開口から取り出した。 Next, the operator held the holding portion 67 and inserted the rotating shaft 66 and the flap wheel 20 b of the cleaning tool 70 from the opening of the rear end ring member 3. After the compressed air is supplied to the rotary shaft 66 so that the flap wheel 20b is rotating at a rotational speed of 18000 rpm, the rotary shaft 66 is substantially parallel to the axial direction (A-A direction) of the die casting sleeve. In order to keep the rotating peripheral surface in contact with the deposit mainly composed of aluminum adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder, it was moved concentrically and spirally to advance. At this time, the rotation peripheral surface of the flap wheel 20b was brought into contact with the entire periphery of the inner peripheral surface. The rotation peripheral surface of the flap wheel was polished to reduce the deposit mainly composed of aluminum adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder. After removing the deposit mainly composed of aluminum until it can no longer be visually recognized in the region of the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder in the substantially axial direction (the rear end ring member side), the rotating shaft of the cleaning tool 70 is removed. The rotation of 66 was stopped and taken out from the opening.
続けて、先端リング部材の開口からクリーニング用具７０の回転軸６６及びフラップホイール２０ｂを挿入して、前記した後端リング部材側で行ったことと同様にして、内筒の内周面の軸芯方向略半分（先端リング部材側）の領域と、先端リング部材の内周面とにおいて、目視で認識できなくなるまでアルミニウムを主体とする付着物を研磨して除去した後、クリーニング用具７０の回転軸６６の回転を停止して開口から取り出した。 Subsequently, the rotation shaft 66 and the flap wheel 20b of the cleaning tool 70 are inserted from the opening of the front end ring member, and the axial center of the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder is performed in the same manner as that performed on the rear end ring member side. After removing the adhering mainly composed of aluminum in the approximately half direction (on the tip ring member side) and the inner peripheral surface of the tip ring member until they cannot be visually recognized, the rotating shaft of the cleaning tool 70 is removed. The rotation of 66 was stopped and taken out from the opening.
ついで、先端リング部材の内周面、内筒の内周面、及び後端リング部材の内周面に残留している研磨粉や汚れをウェスで拭き取って、クリーニングを終了した。その後先端リング部材及び内筒の内径を１部材で３箇所測定し、クリーニング前のダイカストスリーブの内径（１部材で３箇所）と比較した。クリーニング前における先端リング部材の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０．０２〜０．０９ｍｍ、内筒の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０〜０．０２ｍｍであり、クリーニング後における先端リング部材の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０．０８〜０．１３ｍｍ、内筒の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０〜０．０４ｍｍであり、内径の変化量は僅かであり、内径は所定の寸法公差内であることを確認した。クリーニング後のダイカストスリーブを、前記と同様にダイカストマシンの射出装置に設けて、アルミニウム合金の成形に使用した（自動車用部品：成形重量１６ｋｇ）ところ、射出速度は安定していた。更に継続して連続的に使用した結果、更に射出回数１０万回まで使用することができた。表１にクリーニング条件及び評価結果を示す。また、クリーニング時間は、実施例１の場合を１として相対評価した。 Next, the polishing powder and dirt remaining on the inner peripheral surface of the front end ring member, the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder, and the inner peripheral surface of the rear end ring member were wiped off with a waste cloth, and cleaning was completed. Thereafter, the inner diameter of the tip ring member and the inner cylinder was measured at three locations with one member, and compared with the inner diameter of the die-cast sleeve before cleaning (three locations with one member). The inner diameter of the tip ring member before cleaning is 130 mm + 0.02 to 0.09 mm, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder is 130 mm + 0 to 0.02 mm, the inner diameter of the tip ring member after cleaning is 130 mm + 0.08 to 0.13 mm, and the inner diameter of the inner cylinder is 130 mm + 0. It was 0.04 mm, the amount of change in the inner diameter was slight, and it was confirmed that the inner diameter was within a predetermined dimensional tolerance. When the die-casting sleeve after cleaning was provided in an injection device of a die-casting machine in the same manner as described above and used for molding an aluminum alloy (automobile parts: molding weight 16 kg), the injection speed was stable. As a result of further continuous use, it was possible to use up to 100,000 injections. Table 1 shows the cleaning conditions and evaluation results. The cleaning time was evaluated relative to the case of Example 1 being 1.
（実施例２）
実施例１と同様のダイカストスリーブを用意した。ついで、このダイカストスリーブを型締力２５００トンの横型のダイカストマシンの射出装置に設けて、アルミニウム合金のダイカスト成形に使用した（自動車用部品：成形重量１６ｋｇ）。射出回数が１０万回になるまで使用したところ、射出速度が低下して射出が不安定になり、これ以上継続して使用すると鋳造不良の発生や、内筒の割れの発生する虞があると判断して、ダイカストマシンの運転を停止した。ダイカストスリーブをダイカストマシンに設置した状態で、先端リング部材の開口及び後端リング部材の開口を開放して内周面を確認したところ、先端リング部材及びセラミックス製内筒の内周面の下面側にアルミニウムを主体とする付着物が付着していた。最初に内周面に残留していた潤滑剤等の汚れをウェスで拭き取った後、先端リング及び内筒の内径を測定し、以下に示すクリーニングを行った。
(Example 2)
A die casting sleeve similar to that of Example 1 was prepared. Next, this die casting sleeve was provided in an injection device of a horizontal die casting machine having a clamping force of 2500 tons and used for die casting of an aluminum alloy (automobile parts: molding weight 16 kg). When used until the number of injections reaches 100,000 times, the injection speed decreases and the injection becomes unstable, and there is a risk of occurrence of casting defects or cracking of the inner cylinder if used continuously beyond this. Judging, the operation of the die casting machine was stopped. With the die casting sleeve installed in the die casting machine, the opening of the front ring member and the opening of the rear ring member were opened and the inner peripheral surface was confirmed. The lower surface side of the inner peripheral surface of the front ring member and the ceramic inner cylinder Deposits mainly composed of aluminum adhered to the surface. First, the dirt such as the lubricant remaining on the inner peripheral surface was wiped off with a waste cloth, and then the inner diameters of the tip ring and the inner cylinder were measured, and the following cleaning was performed.
図６のクリーニング用具において、可撓性研磨部材２０を軸付きのレジノイド砥石に交換して、レジノイド砥石付きのクリーニング用具を準備した。このレジノイド砥石は、その軸を接続部６５に固定でき、外径ｒ３２ｍｍ、幅Ｄ３２ｍｍであり、レジノイド砥石の砥粒は粒度＃３６のアルミナとした。ボンドはフェノール樹脂とした。砥石の外径ｒとスリーブの内径ｄは、ｄ（３２ｍｍ）／ｄ（１３０ｍｍ）＝０．２５の関係を有する。 In the cleaning tool shown in FIG. 6, the flexible polishing member 20 was replaced with a resinoid grindstone with a shaft to prepare a cleaning tool with a resinoid grindstone. This resinoid grindstone has an axis that can be fixed to the connecting portion 65, has an outer diameter of r32 mm, a width of D32 mm, and the abrasive grains of the resinoid grindstone are alumina having a particle size of # 36. Bond was phenol resin. The outer diameter r of the grindstone and the inner diameter d of the sleeve have a relationship of d (32 mm) / d (130 mm) = 0.25.
ついで、作業者が保持部６７を保持して、後端リング部材の開口から、クリーニング用具の回転軸６６及びレジノイド砥石を挿入した。圧縮空気を回転軸６６に供給してレジノイド砥石が回転数１８０００ｒｐｍで回転している状態にした後、回転軸６６をダイカストスリーブの軸心方向（A−A方向）に略平行にレジノイド砥石の回転周面がセラミックス製の内筒の内周面に付いたアルミニウムを主体とする付着物に接触する状態を保つように、同心円状かつ前進するように螺旋状に移動させた。この際にレジノイド砥石の回転周面で内筒の内周面の軸芯方向略半分（後端リング部材側）の領域を粗研磨した。レジノイド砥石の回転周面が内筒の内周面に付着したアルミニウムを主体とする付着物を研磨して低減した。ついで、クリーニング用具の回転軸の回転を停止して開口から取り出した。 Next, the operator held the holding portion 67 and inserted the rotating shaft 66 of the cleaning tool and the resinoid grindstone from the opening of the rear end ring member. After the compressed air is supplied to the rotating shaft 66 so that the resinoid grinding wheel is rotating at a rotational speed of 18000 rpm, the rotating shaft 66 is rotated substantially parallel to the axial direction (A-A direction) of the die casting sleeve. The outer peripheral surface was moved spirally so as to be concentric and forward so as to maintain a state in which the peripheral surface was in contact with the deposit mainly composed of aluminum attached to the inner peripheral surface of the ceramic inner cylinder. At this time, the region of the rotation peripheral surface of the resinoid grindstone, which is approximately half the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder (the rear end ring member side), was roughly polished. The rotational peripheral surface of the resinoid grindstone was reduced by polishing the deposit mainly composed of aluminum adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder. Subsequently, the rotation of the rotating shaft of the cleaning tool was stopped and the cleaning tool was taken out from the opening.
続けて、先端リング部材の開口からクリーニング用具の回転軸６６及びレジノイド砥石を挿入して、前記した内筒の内周面の軸芯方向半分（後端リング部材側）の領域側で行ったことと同様にして、内筒の内周面の軸芯方向略半分（先端リング部材側）の領域において、アルミニウムを主体とする付着物を研磨して低減した（Ｓ３１：粗研磨処理）。ついで、クリーニング用具７０の回転軸の回転を停止して開口から取り出した。ここで先端リング部材の内周面には粗研磨処理を行わない。 Subsequently, the rotary shaft 66 of the cleaning tool and the resinoid grindstone were inserted from the opening of the tip ring member, and the processing was performed on the region side of the half of the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder in the axial direction (the rear ring member side). In the same manner as described above, deposits mainly composed of aluminum were polished and reduced in a region approximately half the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder (on the tip ring member side) (S31: rough polishing process). Subsequently, the rotation of the rotating shaft of the cleaning tool 70 was stopped and the cleaning tool 70 was taken out from the opening. Here, the rough polishing treatment is not performed on the inner peripheral surface of the tip ring member.
ついで、レジノイド砥石をフラップホイール２０ｂに交換して、実施例１と同様のクリーニング用具７０として、実施例１と同様に先端リング、及び内筒の内周面の研磨処理を行い、目視で認識できるアルミニウムを主体とする付着物が認識できなくなるまで研磨を行った。 Next, the resinoid grindstone is replaced with the flap wheel 20b, and the tip ring and the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder are polished as in the first embodiment as the cleaning tool 70 similar to the first embodiment, and can be visually recognized. Polishing was performed until the deposits mainly composed of aluminum could not be recognized.
ついで、先端リング部材の内周面、内筒の内周面、及び後端リング部材の内周面に残留している研磨粉や汚れをウェスで拭き取って、クリーニングを終了した。その後、先端リング部材及び内筒の内径を１部材で３箇所測定し、クリーニング前のダイカストスリーブの内径（１部材で３箇所）と比較した。クリーニング前における先端リング部材の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０．０１〜０．０３ｍｍ、内筒の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０．０１〜０．０３ｍｍであり、クリーニング後における先端リング部材の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０．０３〜０．１０ｍｍ、内筒の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０．０２〜０．０４ｍｍであり、内径の変化量は僅かであり、実施例１と同様内径は所定の寸法公差内であることを確認した。クリーニング後のダイカストスリーブを、前記と同様にダイカストマシンの射出装置に設けて、アルミニウム合金の成形に使用した（自動車用部品：成形重量１６ｋｇ）ところ、射出速度は安定していた。更に継続して連続的に使用した結果、更に射出回数１０万回まで使用することができた。表１にクリーニング条件及び評価結果を示す。また、クリーニング時間は、実施例１の場合を１として相対評価した。 Next, the polishing powder and dirt remaining on the inner peripheral surface of the front end ring member, the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder, and the inner peripheral surface of the rear end ring member were wiped off with a waste cloth, and cleaning was completed. Thereafter, the inner diameter of the tip ring member and the inner cylinder was measured at three locations with one member, and compared with the inner diameter of the die-cast sleeve before cleaning (three locations with one member). The inner diameter of the tip ring member before cleaning is 130 mm + 0.01 to 0.03 mm, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder is 130 mm + 0.01 to 0.03 mm, the inner diameter of the tip ring member after cleaning is 130 mm + 0.03 to 0.10 mm, and the inner diameter of the inner cylinder. It was 130 mm + 0.02-0.04 mm, the amount of change in the inner diameter was slight, and it was confirmed that the inner diameter was within a predetermined dimensional tolerance as in Example 1. When the die-casting sleeve after cleaning was provided in an injection device of a die-casting machine in the same manner as described above and used for molding an aluminum alloy (automobile parts: molding weight 16 kg), the injection speed was stable. As a result of further continuous use, it was possible to use up to 100,000 injections. Table 1 shows the cleaning conditions and evaluation results. The cleaning time was evaluated relative to the case of Example 1 being 1.
（実施例３）
実施例１と同様のダイカストスリーブを用意した。ついで、このダイカストスリーブを型締力２５００トンの横型のダイカストマシンの射出装置に設けて、アルミニウム合金のダイカスト成形に使用した（自動車用部品：成形重量１６ｋｇ）。射出回数が１０万回になるまで使用したところ、射出速度が低下して射出が不安定になり、これ以上継続して使用すると鋳造不良の発生や、内筒の割れの発生する虞があると判断してダイカストマシンの運転を停止した。ダイカストスリーブをダイカストマシンに設置した状態で、先端リング部材の開口及び後端リング部材の開口を開放して内周面を確認したところ、先端リング部材及びセラミックス製内筒の内周面にアルミニウムを主体とする付着物が付着していた。特に内周面の下側には、多くの付着物が付着していた。最初に内周面に残留していた潤滑剤等の汚れをウェスで拭き取った後、先端リング及び内筒の内径を測定し、以下に示すクリーニングを行った。
(Example 3)
A die casting sleeve similar to that of Example 1 was prepared. Next, this die casting sleeve was provided in an injection device of a horizontal die casting machine having a clamping force of 2500 tons and used for die casting of an aluminum alloy (automobile parts: molding weight 16 kg). When used until the number of injections reaches 100,000 times, the injection speed decreases and the injection becomes unstable, and there is a risk of occurrence of casting defects or cracking of the inner cylinder if used continuously beyond this. Judging, the operation of the die casting machine was stopped. With the die-casting sleeve installed in the die-casting machine, the opening of the tip ring member and the opening of the rear end ring member were opened and the inner peripheral surface was confirmed. Aluminum was applied to the inner peripheral surface of the tip ring member and the ceramic inner cylinder. The main deposit was attached. In particular, many deposits adhered to the lower side of the inner peripheral surface. First, the dirt such as the lubricant remaining on the inner peripheral surface was wiped off with a waste cloth, and then the inner diameters of the tip ring and the inner cylinder were measured, and the following cleaning was performed.
まず、図５に示す、先端にヘラ部を有する金属製のスクレーパー４０を準備した。金属製スクレーパーは、ステンレス鋼ＳＵＳ３０４のものを用いた。板状部４２の厚さは１ｍｍ、幅は２５ｍｍで先端に先端角度１８°のヘラ部を設けている。保持部４１の厚さは５ｍｍ、幅は３０ｍｍである。この金属製スクレーパーの保持部４１を手作業で保持し、先端リング部材の開口から挿入して、先端リング部材の内周面に付着したアルミニウムを主体とする付着物の少なくとも一部、特に付着の多いスリーブ下側にヘラ部を接触させて、付着物の一部をはぎ取った（Ｓ４２：削減処理）。ここで内筒の内周面には削減処理を行わない。ついで、実施例２と同様にして、内筒の内面の粗研磨処理を行った。使用したレジノイド砥石は実施例２と同じものである。 First, a metal scraper 40 having a spatula portion at the tip as shown in FIG. 5 was prepared. A metal scraper of stainless steel SUS304 was used. The plate-like portion 42 has a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 25 mm, and a spatula portion having a tip angle of 18 ° at the tip. The holding part 41 has a thickness of 5 mm and a width of 30 mm. The holding portion 41 of the metal scraper is manually held, inserted through the opening of the tip ring member, and at least a part of the deposit mainly composed of aluminum adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the tip ring member, particularly attached The spatula part was brought into contact with the lower side of many sleeves, and a part of the adhered matter was peeled off (S42: reduction process). Here, the reduction process is not performed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder. Then, in the same manner as in Example 2, rough polishing treatment was performed on the inner surface of the inner cylinder. The resinoid grindstone used was the same as in Example 2.
次いで実施例２と同様にして、先端リング、及び内筒の内周面の研磨を行い、目視で認識できるアルミニウムを主体とする付着物が認識できなくなるまで研磨を行った。 Next, in the same manner as in Example 2, the tip ring and the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder were polished, and polishing was performed until no deposits mainly composed of aluminum that could be visually recognized were recognized.
ついで、先端リング部材の内周面、内筒の内周面、及び後端リング部材の内周面に残留している研磨粉や汚れをウェスで拭き取って、クリーニングを終了した。 Next, the polishing powder and dirt remaining on the inner peripheral surface of the front end ring member, the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder, and the inner peripheral surface of the rear end ring member were wiped off with a waste cloth, and cleaning was completed.
その後、先端リング部材及び内筒で内径を１部材で３箇所測定し、クリーニング前のダイカストスリーブの内径（１部材で３箇所）と比較した。クリーニング前における先端リング部材の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０．０２〜０．０５ｍｍ、内筒の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０．０１〜０．０３ｍｍであり、クリーニング後における先端リング部材の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０．０５〜０．０９ｍｍ、内筒の内径１３０ｍｍ＋０．０３〜０．０４ｍｍであり、内径の変化量は僅かであり、実施例１と同様内径は所定の寸法公差内であることを確認した。クリーニング後のダイカストスリーブを、前記と同様にダイカストマシンの射出装置に設けて、アルミニウム合金の成形に使用した（自動車用部品：成形重量１６ｋｇ）ところ、射出速度は安定していた。更に継続して連続的に使用した結果、更に射出回数１０万回まで使用することができた。表１にクリーニング条件及び評価結果を示す。また、クリーニング時間は、実施例１の場合を１として相対評価した。 Thereafter, the inner diameter of the tip ring member and inner cylinder was measured at three locations with one member, and compared with the inner diameter of the die-cast sleeve before cleaning (three locations with one member). The inner diameter of the tip ring member before cleaning is 130 mm + 0.02-0.05 mm, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder is 130 mm + 0.01-0.03 mm, the inner diameter of the tip ring member after cleaning is 130 mm + 0.05-0.09 mm, and the inner diameter of the inner cylinder is It was 130 mm + 0.03 to 0.04 mm, the amount of change in the inner diameter was slight, and it was confirmed that the inner diameter was within a predetermined dimensional tolerance as in Example 1. When the die-casting sleeve after cleaning was provided in an injection device of a die-casting machine in the same manner as described above and used for molding an aluminum alloy (automobile parts: molding weight 16 kg), the injection speed was stable. As a result of further continuous use, it was possible to use up to 100,000 injections. Table 1 shows the cleaning conditions and evaluation results. The cleaning time was evaluated relative to the case of Example 1 being 1.
実施例１〜３でクリーニング後のダイカストスリーブは、ダイカストマシンで用いると射出速度が安定しており（射出速度の低下が無く）、クリーニング前の使用（射出回数：約１０万回）と同等以上の射出回数を更に使用することができた（使用期間が２倍以上になった）。実施例２は、クリーニングに要する時間が実施例１に比べて大幅に短縮された。実施例３は実施例２に比べてクリーニングに要する時間が更に短縮された。 The die-casting sleeve after cleaning in Examples 1 to 3 has a stable injection speed (no decrease in injection speed) when used in a die-casting machine, and is equal to or more than the use before cleaning (number of injections: about 100,000 times). The number of injections could be further used (use period was more than doubled). In Example 2, the time required for cleaning was significantly shortened compared to Example 1. In Example 3, the time required for cleaning was further shortened compared to Example 2.
２：先端リング部材、 ２ｂ：先端リング部材の内周面、
３：後端リング部材、 ７：給湯口、
１１：外筒、 １１ｃ：鍔状凸部、
１２：内筒、 １２ｂ：内筒の内周面、
１５：スリーブ本体、
２０：可撓性研磨部材、 ２０ｂ：フラップホイール、 ２１：軸部、
２２：フランジ部、 ２３：研磨部、 ２２ｂ：フランジ部、 ２３ｂ：研磨部、
２５：紙の基材、 ２６：ボンド、 ２７：砥粒、
３１：ボルト、
４０：スクレーパー、 ４１：保持部、
４２：板状部、 ４３：ヘラ部、
５１：ボルト、
６５：接続部、 ６６：回転軸、 ６７：保持部、 ６８：ホース、
７０：クリーニング用具
2: tip ring member, 2b: inner peripheral surface of tip ring member,
3: Rear end ring member, 7: Hot water inlet,
11: outer cylinder, 11c: bowl-shaped convex part,
12: inner cylinder, 12b: inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder,
15: Sleeve body,
20: Flexible abrasive member, 20b: Flap wheel, 21: Shaft part,
22: Flange part, 23: Polishing part, 22b: Flange part, 23b: Polishing part,
25: Paper base material, 26: Bond, 27: Abrasive grain,
31: Bolt,
40: scraper, 41: holding part,
42: plate-like part, 43: spatula part,
51: Bolt,
65: connection part, 66: rotating shaft, 67: holding part, 68: hose,
70: Cleaning tool
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