JP2017038942A - Device for delivering volatile material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for performing emission of volatile materials having a wide range of a molecular weight and steam pressure, in a constant level in a constant period.SOLUTION: A device comprises: a reservoir 110 for storing a volatile material mixture: a base material 120 which can be ruptured; a microporous ultrahigh-molecular weight polyethylene film 140; a rupture element 130 positioned between the base material 120 which can be ruptured and the microporous film 140. The rupture element 130 contains a compressible flange 134, and the compressible flange 134 comprises a delivery engine 100 comprising a distal end and the rupture element 130 containing two separated piercing elements arranged on the distal end. The microporous film surrounds the reservoir, the base material which can be ruptured, and the rupture element, and when the rupture element 130 is operated in a first direction to the reservoir 110, the base material 120 is ruptured, and the volatile material mixture traverses the base material 120 which can be ruptured, and traverses the rupture element 130 contacting the microporous film and is diffused to atmosphere.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a device having a breathable membrane for delivering volatile materials to the atmosphere in a continuous manner.

  It is generally known to use devices to evaporate volatile materials into spaces, particularly home spaces, to deliver a variety of benefits such as air freshening or scenting the air. Systems that are not energized, such as systems that are not powered by electrical energy, are common ways to deliver volatile materials to the atmosphere. These systems can be categorized as those that may require human action (eg, aerosols) and those that do not require human action, such as wicking-based systems and gels. The first type delivers volatile materials on demand and the second type on a more continuous basis.

  One type of device for delivering volatile materials is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,161,283. The present invention discloses an article for delivering a volatile material comprising a reservoir, a polymer sheet or membrane, and a barrier layer releasably bonded to the outer wall of the reservoir. One drawback of this type of article is that it is susceptible to delamination and leakage because volatile materials are in contact with the membrane when not in storage or use. . Another disadvantage is that volatile materials can accumulate in the film during storage and can rapidly increase in strength after the barrier layer is removed. Another disadvantage is that the peel force can make it difficult to remove the barrier layer without damaging the polymer sheet or membrane. Yet another drawback may be membrane selectivity in that low vapor pressure volatile materials are not easy to diffuse through the polymer.

  Another type of device for delivering volatile materials is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,824,707. It discloses a unit of decorative air freshener having a capsule containing a supply of volatile fragrance. The capsule is confined between the microporous sheet and the backsheet. The capsule is ruptured by the applied force, and the released fragrance is absorbed into the microporous sheet, which slowly releases the fragrance. This approach may limit the scent life because the liquid is released all at once into the microporous sheet and there is little control over how the liquid wets the microporous sheet.

US Pat. No. 4,161,283 U.S. Pat. No. 4,824,707

  Thus, there is a need for an apparatus that provides a constant release of volatile materials having a wide range of molecular weights and vapor pressures over a period of time.

  According to an embodiment of the invention, a reservoir for containing volatile material, a rupturable substrate secured to the reservoir, a rupturable element positioned adjacent to the rupturable substrate, a reservoir, An apparatus for delivering volatile materials is provided that includes a delivery engine having a rupturable substrate and a microporous membrane surrounding a reservoir. The device can deliver volatile materials in a continuous manner. In one aspect of the invention, the device includes a housing for a delivery engine. The housing may have a vent to facilitate diffusion of the delivery material from the delivery engine.

  According to another embodiment of the invention, a liquid reservoir for containing a volatile material, a rupturable substrate secured to the reservoir, and a rupturable group to rupture the rupturable substrate. A compressible flange positioned adjacent to the material; a collection bowl in fluid communication with the liquid reservoir upon rupture of the rupturable substrate; and enclosing the liquid reservoir, rupturable substrate, rupturable element, and collection bowl An apparatus for delivering a volatile material is provided that includes a breathable membrane and a delivery engine.

According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a liquid reservoir for containing volatile material, including a single opening, a rupturable substrate surrounding the single opening, a rupturable element, A delivery engine having a collection bowl in fluid communication with the liquid reservoir upon rupture of the rupturable substrate, and a breathable membrane surrounding the liquid reservoir, the rupturable substrate, the rupturable element, and the collection bowl An apparatus for delivering a volatile material is provided. The breathable membrane has an evaporation surface area of about 2 cm ² to about 35 cm ² and an average pore size of about 0.02 micrometers. The device also includes a housing for receiving and releasably engaging the delivery system. The housing has a rib for guiding the delivery engine and a notch for compressing the rupture element upon insertion of the delivery engine into the housing.

While the specification concludes with claims that particularly point out and distinctly claim the invention, it is believed the present invention will be better understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention. 1 is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of a delivery engine according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a rupture element according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a rupture element according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a side view of the delivery engine of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a housing according to the present invention. The top view of the housing of FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 taken along line 8-8. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 8 with the delivery engine received by the housing. 4 is a graph showing the evaporation profile of a volatile material having a varying range of vapor pressures evaporated from a breathable membrane according to the present invention. 3 is a graph showing the evaporation profiles of volatile materials evaporated from a polyethylene membrane and volatile materials evaporated from a breathable membrane according to the present invention.

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for delivering volatile materials to the atmosphere. It is envisioned that the device can be configured for use in a variety of applications for delivering volatile materials to the atmosphere.

  For example, the device may be configured for use with a powered device. An example energized device may be an electrical heating device. More specifically, the apparatus may be an electrical, wall outlet air freshener, battery powered heating device, or other heating device (e.g., fuel) as described in U.S. Patent No. 7,223,361. It may be a device with power by a chemical reaction such as a catalyst system, a solar cell type device or the like. In such a device, a volatile material delivery engine may be placed next to the heating surface to diffuse the volatile material. The formulation of volatile materials can be adjusted to include the entire low vapor pressure formulation.

  The device may also be configured for use with an air purification system to deliver both purified air and volatile materials to the atmosphere. Non-limiting examples include air using ionization and / or filtration techniques for use in small spaces (eg, bedrooms, bathrooms, cars, etc.) and centralized air conditioning / heating (eg, HVAC) throughout the house. A purification system.

  The device may also be configured for use with aerosol or non-aerosol spray. In this embodiment, the delivery engine can deliver the volatile material upon user request or by a program that automatically delivers the volatile material to the atmosphere.

  The device can also be configured for use with a fan to deliver volatile materials to the atmosphere.

  For purposes of illustrating the present invention in detail, the present invention is described below in an unpowered system. “Not energized” means that the device is passive and need not be powered by an external source of energy. In particular, the device does not need to be powered by a source of heat, gas, or current and volatile materials are not delivered by aerosol means.

  In an unpowered embodiment, the device of the present invention delivers volatile material in a substantially continuous manner when the device is in a rest position (ie, the device is not moving). Volatile material volatilization levels may exhibit uniform strength until substantially all of the volatile material is used up. Continuous volatilization of at least one volatile material includes up to 20 days, up to 30 days, up to 60 days, up to 90 days, even shorter or longer periods, or such as from 30 days to 90 days. It may be an arbitrary period that is not limited.

  The apparatus of the present invention comprises a fragrance, air freshener, deodorant, deodorant, malodor neutralizer, insecticide, insect repellent, medicinal substance, disinfectant, detergent, mood enhancers, and aroma. Suitable for the purpose of providing therapy aids or any other purpose of using substances that act to regulate, improve or otherwise alter the atmosphere or environment. For purposes of describing the present invention in detail, but not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, the present invention is described in an air freshening system for delivering a liquid containing a perfume ingredient. .

  Referring to FIG. 1, an apparatus 10 according to the present invention is shown. The device 10 includes a delivery engine 100 and a housing 200.

Delivery Engine Referring to FIG. 2, delivery engine 100 has a width, length, and depth along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, respectively. Width, length and depth may be made such that delivery engine 100 is small and / or portable. “Small” or “portable” means that the delivery engine 100 can be conveniently and comfortably carried in a pocket, wallet or the like. The delivery engine 100 can be made disposable, as a one-time use item, or replenished with volatile materials.

  The delivery engine 100 can include a lip 102 that defines the outer periphery of the delivery engine 100 and can enclose a reservoir 110 for containing a volatile material as well as a collection bowl 112. The delivery engine 100 includes a rupturable substrate 120 secured to the reservoir 110, a rupturable element 130 positioned adjacent to the rupturable substrate 120, and a rupturable substrate 120 secured to the lip 102. A breathable membrane 140 surrounding the reservoir 110 and the collection bowl 112.

  The body 104 of the delivery engine 100 can be thermoformed, injection molded, or blow molded with any known material. In some embodiments, the body 104 includes all structural aspects from the delivery engine 100 except for the rupturable substrate 120, the rupturable element 130, and the breathable membrane 140. In other embodiments, the body 104 includes a rupture element 130. The body 104 can include a barrier layer to prevent evaporation of volatile components and at least one outer layer that allows the rupturable substrate 120 to be heat sealed to the body 104. It can be made from multilayer materials. Suitable sealant layers include a layer of polyethylene or polypropylene, or any suitable polyolefin sealant that provides a leak tight seal for the reservoir 110. Suitable materials for forming the body 104 of the delivery engine 100 include plastics, such as Pentaplast Pentaform® 2101 available from Klockner. In some embodiments, the material is a colored or uncolored see-through plastic. See-through material allows observation of liquid and end of life.

Reservoir Delivery engine 100 may include a reservoir 110 for holding volatile materials. The reservoir 110 includes a width, a length, and a depth along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, respectively. The reservoir 110 may be elongated in that the ratio of width to length is from about 2: 1 to about 4: 1, alternatively from about 1.5: 1 to about 2.5: 1. The reservoir 110 may have a width of about 45 mm to about 55 mm, alternatively about 51 mm, a length of about 15 mm to about 30 mm, alternatively about 23 mm, a depth of about 5 mm to about 15 mm, or about 11 mm. . The dimensions of reservoir 110 may be such that it holds about 2 mL to about 50 mL of liquid containing volatile material. Alternatively, reservoir 110 can contain about 2 mL to about 30 mL, or about 2 mL to about 10 mL, alternatively about 2 mL to about 8 mL, alternatively about 4 mL to about 6 mL, alternatively about 2 mL, or about 6 mL of liquid containing volatile material. It may be held.

  The reservoir 110 may include a bottom 114 and a single opening 116. The reservoir 110 may also have a ridge 122 that surrounds a single opening 116 or upper edge of the reservoir 110. The ridge 122 may include a generally flat surface onto which the rupturable substrate 120 can be secured. The ridge 122 allows a fixed region of the rupturable substrate 120 to be spaced apart from the inner wall of the reservoir 110 where volatile material is held.

  It is envisioned that the delivery engine 100 of the present invention may include more than one reservoir (not shown) that can be filled with the same or different volatile materials. The reservoir may have any configuration that contacts the breathable membrane 140 when ruptured. For example, the reservoirs may be connected oppositely for use in a reversible device. In such a device, the breathable membrane 140 is fluidly connected between the reservoirs.

Ruptable Substrate Still referring to FIG. 2, the delivery engine 100 includes a rupturable substrate 120. The rupturable substrate 120 may be configured in any manner that prevents the volatile material of the reservoir 110 from contacting the breathable membrane 140 prior to operation or rupture of the delivery engine 100. In one embodiment, the rupturable substrate 120 may extend over a single opening 116 and surround the reservoir prior to actuation by securing the edge 122 of the reservoir 110. The rupturable substrate 120 may be secured by a layer of adhesive, heat and / or pressure sealing, ultrasonic bonding, crimping, etc., or a combination thereof.

  The rupturable substrate 120 may be made of any material that will rupture with applied force (whether or not there is an element assisting such rupture). The rupturable substrate 120 is intended to contain a volatile material during storage, which is a barrier that prevents evaporation of the volatile material prior to its intended use and heat sealable layer. It can be made from a layer of material. Such materials are impermeable to evaporation or liquid. Suitable barrier materials for the rupturable substrate 120 include flexible films such as polymer films, flexible foils, or composite materials such as, for example, foil / polymer film laminates. Suitable flexible foils include, for example, foils composed of a nitrocellulose protective lacquer, 20 micrometer aluminum foil, a polyurethane primer, and a 15 g / m 2 polyethylene coating (Lidfoil 118-0092) available from Alcan Packaging. Includes metal foil. Suitable polymer films include polyethylene terephthalate film (PET), acrylonitrile copolymer barrier films (such as those sold under the trademark Barex® by INOES), ethylene vinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof. It is envisioned that the coated barrier film is utilized as a rupturable substrate 120. Such coated barrier films that can be used include metallized PET, metallized polypropylene, silica, or alumina coated films. Any barrier material, whether coated or uncoated, may be used alone and / or in combination with other barrier materials.

Rupture Element The rupturable substrate 120 may be broken to release volatile material by actuating the rupture element 130. Rupture element 130 may be injection molded, compression molded, or pressure molded using a polyolefin, such as polyethylene or polypropylene; polyester; or other plastics known to be suitable for molding. Rupture element 130 may also be made by thermoforming, with a separate cutting step to remove unwanted parts.

  The rupturable element 130 may be positioned in a space 132 formed in the delivery engine body 104 adjacent to the rupturable substrate 120 and below the breathable membrane 140. The space 132 is configured such that the rupture element 132 is nested within the space 132 and is surrounded by the breathable membrane 140, thus requiring no other means of holding the rupture element 132 within the delivery engine 100. Can be done. In one embodiment, the rupture element 130 is positioned and contacts between the rupturable substrate 120 and the breathable membrane 140 described above. The rupture element 130 immediately adjacent to the breathable membrane 140 can promote wetting of the breathable membrane 140. More specifically, the liquid can be wicked between the rupture element 130 and the breathable membrane 140, allowing a larger wet area of the breathable membrane 140 to be maintained.

  The rupture element 130 may be configured in any manner that allows a user to manually activate the rupture element 130 to break the breachable substrate 120 relatively easily. In one embodiment, the user may activate the rupture element 130 by manually compressing it. In other embodiments, the rupturable element 130 may break the rupturable substrate 120 by contact with an element provided within the housing of the delivery engine that engages and compresses the rupturable element 130. Good. A suitable compressive force for breaking the rupturable substrate 120 using the rupturable element 130 is less than about 25N, alternatively less than about 20N, alternatively less than about 15N, alternatively less than about 10N, alternatively less than about 5N, alternatively less than about 1N. To about 15N, alternatively about 1N to about 10N, alternatively about 1N to about 5N.

  The compressive force can be measured using QTest Elite 10 available from MTS with a modified finger probe UL 283 made of polyamide. UL 283 finger type probes are described in “Standard for Air Freshers and Deodorizers” (UL Standard 283, FIG. 10.1 (UL March 31, 2004)). UL 283, FIG. As described in 10.1, the radius of the tip of the finger probe is 3.5 mm, the height of the tip of the finger probe is 5 mm, and the depth of the tip of the finger probe is 5.8 mm. is there. However, unlike the finger-type probes described in the aforementioned references, the modified UL 283 finger-type probe does not include any articulation. Instead, it is in a fixed position perpendicular to the rupture element 130 when the test is performed. The test is performed at ambient temperature (23 ± 2 ° C.). The outer periphery of the delivery engine 100 rests on the support fixture without directly contacting the rupture element 130 or without directly fixing the rupture element 130 to the support fixture. The crosshead speed of the electrical machine test system is set to 30 mm / min. The modified UL 283 finger probe moves toward the rupturable element 130 and contacts the area where displacement is desired to rupture the rupturable substrate 120. A flange 134 (eg, as described herein) is used, and the desired region of displacement is the center of the flange 134. The center is the midpoint between the proximal and distal ends 136. For example, where the flange 134 is 2 cm from the proximal end to the distal end 136, the center is located at 1 cm. The device proceeds until the rupture element 130 has moved 6 mm. Zero displacement is defined as the point at which a force of 0.1 N (preload) is applied. The load at the first peak at which the rupturable substrate 120 is broken is recorded as the force to burst. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the compressive force varies depending on the physical properties and arrangement of the breathable membrane 140, the breaching element 130, and the rupturable substrate 120 within the delivery engine 100.

  A number of embodiments of the rupture element 130 are described herein, all of which are intended to be non-limiting examples. FIG. 2 shows one non-limiting embodiment of the rupture element 130. In this embodiment, rupture element 130 includes a flange 134 that is coupled to rupture element 130. Flange 134 may be injection molded and may include a distal end 136. The distal end 136 may include one or more piercing elements 138 disposed in the z-direction or in the direction of the rupturable substrate 120. In one embodiment, the distal end 136 may include two spaced piercing elements 138 in the z direction. In another embodiment, the distal end 136 may form a single point along the xy plane (not shown). The user may manually compress or depress in the z direction on the flange 134 such that the rupturable substrate 120 is destroyed and volatile material is released to the breathable membrane 140.

  It is envisioned that the rupture element 130 may include more than one flange 134, which is the location of the desired additional rupture point. For example, the rupture element 130 may include a first compressible flange and a second compressible flange coupled face-to-face to the aforementioned rupture element (not shown).

  FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of a rupture element 330 that includes one or more piercing elements 332 supported on a corresponding spring-like portion 334. The spring-like portion 334 may be a metal coil, a polyolefin or polyurethane foam, an injection-molded brush, an injection-molded plastic spring, a hinge portion, or the like. By pushing the rupturable element 330 in the direction of the rupturable substrate 320, one or more piercing elements 332 rupture the rupturable substrate 320 and then return to its original position.

  FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of a rupture element 430 where it is formed integrally with the reservoir 410. This can be accomplished by thermoforming, pressure molding, injection molding, or any known means of forming plastic parts. The rupture element 430 in this embodiment is a sharp piercing structure that extends oppositely from the inner bottom 414 of the reservoir. The user may depress the button 414 of the reservoir 410 and puncture the rupturable substrate 420 using the rupturable element 430. This embodiment performs the same function except for the step of manufacturing a rupture element 430 that is separate.

Collection Bowl Referring now to FIG. 5, the delivery engine 100 includes a collection bowl 112 that optionally collects volatile material from the reservoir 110 after the rupturable substrate 120 has been damaged. The collection bowl 112 may be of any size, shape, or configuration, and may be of any suitable material as long as it is in fluid communication with the reservoir 110 and the breathable membrane 140 when the rupturable substrate 120 is ruptured. Can be made. It may be sized to collect any suitable amount of volatile material and provide a controlled amount of volatile material to the breathable membrane 140. In one embodiment, the collection bowl 112 collects about 1 mL to about 4 mL, alternatively about 1 mL to about 3 mL, alternatively about 1 mL to about 2.5 mL, alternatively about 1.5 mL to about 1.8 mL of volatile material. The dimensions may be determined.

  In one embodiment, the collection bowl 112 may include a bottom 118 in the z direction and a top that opens in the direction of the breathable membrane 140. The breathable membrane 140 may be positioned surrounding the collection bowl 112 over the open top so that liquid cannot flow freely through the breathable membrane 140. The collection bowl 112 may be configured integrally with the body 104 of the delivery engine 100 in the thermoforming section.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in one embodiment, the collection bowl 112 is positioned downward or opposite the y-direction from the reservoir 110. The delivery engine 100 is placed upright and the volatile material naturally flows into the collection bowl 112 below the reservoir 110 to ensure controlled continuous administration of the breathable membrane 140. Furthermore, the collection bowl 112 has a depth along the z direction, which is less deep than the reservoir 110. The collection bowl bottom 118 is located more proximal to the breathable membrane 140 than the reservoir bottom 114 and thus forms a step in the delivery engine 100. Even when very little volatile material remains in the delivery engine 100, the proximity of the bottom 118 of the collection bowl to the breathable membrane 140 ensures a continuous supply of volatile material and the breathable membrane 140. Helps to ensure greater surface area wetting. When the liquid contact area of the breathable membrane 140 is larger, the evaporation rate of the volatile material is greater and the fragrance strength can be maintained over a longer period.

Membrane Delivery engine 100 may include a breathable membrane 140. The breathable membrane 140 is evaporatively permeable and prevents liquid from freely flowing out of the breathable membrane 140, thus solving the problem of leakage.

  The breathable membrane 140 may be secured to the lip 102 of the delivery engine 100 in the same manner that the rupturable substrate 120 is secured to the ridge 122 of the reservoir 110. The breathable membrane 140 surrounds the reservoir 110, the rupturable substrate 120, the rupturable element 130, and the collection bowl 112. In this manner, the rupturable substrate 120 may be broken by compressing the breathable membrane 140 and the rupturable element 130. Once destroyed, the volatile material flows out of the reservoir 110, contacts the breathable membrane 140, and is delivered to the atmosphere. Because the breathable membrane 140 is shielded from volatile materials until the rupturable substrate 120 is destroyed, the fragrance strength is balanced from zero when the breathable membrane 140 is fully wetted. It can be slowly accumulated up to a ratio.

  Without being bound by theory, the physical properties of the film can affect the rate of diffusion or migration of volatile materials across the film. Such properties can include the materials used, the use of fillers, pore size, thickness, and evaporation surface area.

  As used herein, a “volatile material contact surface” is a surface of a microporous membrane that faces and typically contacts a volatile material, which is described in more detail below, for example. Adopted in the test reservoir as described.

  As used herein, an “evaporative emission surface” is a surface of a microporous membrane that does not face and / or does not directly contact volatile material, from which the volatile material is gaseous or vaporous. Released into the outside atmosphere in the form.

  As used herein, the term “(meth) acrylate” and synonyms such as “ester of (meth) acrylic acid” means acrylate and / or methacrylate.

As used herein, the “volatile material transfer rate” of a microporous membrane was measured according to the following description. The test reservoir was made from a clear thermoplastic polymer with an internal volume sufficient to accommodate 2 mL of volatile material (eg, benzyl acetate). The internal volume of the reservoir was defined by a circular diameter at the edge of the open face of about 4 cm and as deep as 1 cm. The open surface was used to measure the volatile material transfer rate. About 2 mL of benzyl acetate was introduced into the test reservoir with the test reservoir in a flat position (open side facing up). With benzyl acetate introduced into the test reservoir, the microporous membrane sheet having a thickness of 6-18 mils is such that the 10 cm ² volatile material contact surface of the microporous membrane is exposed to the interior of the reservoir. On the open side / side of the test reservoir. The test reservoir was weighed to have the initial weight of the fully filled assembly. A test reservoir containing benzyl acetate and surrounded by a sheet of microporous membrane then has a laboratory chemical draft (approximately 5 feet (height) x 5 feet (width) x 2 feet (depth)) It was placed upright in the chemical fume hood. With the test reservoir upright, the benzyl acetate was in direct contact with at least a portion of the volatile material contact surface of the microporous membrane. The draft glass door was opened and the air flow through the hood was adjusted to have a hood exhaust capacity of 8 times (ie, rotation) per hour. Unless otherwise indicated, the temperature in the hood was maintained at 25 ° C. ± 5 ° C. The humidity in the draft was ambient humidity. The test reservoir was weighed regularly in the hood. The calculated weight loss of benzyl acetate is combined with the elapsed time and the surface area of the microporous membrane exposed inside the test reservoir, in units of mg (hours, cm ² ), and the volatile transfer rate of the microporous membrane. Was used to measure.

  As used herein, the rate of increase in the volatile material transfer rate of the microporous membrane of the present invention from 25 ° C. to 60 ° C. is distinct but substantially equivalent at 25 ° C. and 60 ° C. The microporous membrane samples were measured according to the method described above. The reservoir was placed in a large glass bell jar, and an aqueous solution of more than 50% potassium chloride was also contained in the bell jar. The entire bell jar with the contents was placed in an oven heated to 60 ° C. The reservoir was left in this state for 7-10 hours. The reservoir was then returned to the hood overnight at ambient conditions and the process was repeated for 2-3 days. Each reservoir was weighed before being placed on the bell jar and after being removed from the bell jar. When removed from the bell jar, each reservoir was weighed after the reservoir was returned to ambient temperature.

  As used herein, whether the evaporative emission surface of the microporous membrane was “substantially free of volatile material in liquid form” was determined according to the following description. As described above, when the test reservoir was measured, the evaporative release surface of the microporous membrane was visually examined by the naked eye for the presence of a liquid drop or liquid coating thereon. If evidence of either a liquid drop (ie, a single drop) and / or a liquid coating was visually observed on the evaporative emission surface, but did not flow down the surface, the microporous membrane was acceptable. It was considered to be. If the droplets flowed down the surface, the microporous membrane was determined to be ineligible. If no evidence of a liquid drop (ie, no single drop) and / or a liquid coating is observed on the evaporative emission surface, the microporous film is substantially free of volatile materials in liquid form. It has been determined.

Volatile material moving speed of the moving speed microporous film, 0.7 mg / (time ^* cm ²⁾ or less, or 0.6 mg / (time ^* cm ²⁾ or less, or 0.55 mg / (time ^* cm ²⁾ or less Or 0.50 mg / (time ^* cm ² ) or less. Volatile material moving speed of the microporous film, 0.02 mg / (time ^* cm ²⁾ or more, or 0.04 mg / (time ^* cm ²⁾ or more, or 0.30 mg / (time ^* cm ²⁾ or more, or It may be 0.35 mg / (time ^* cm ² ) or more. The volatile material transfer rate of the microporous membrane may range between any combination of these upper and lower values. For example, the migration rate of the volatile material of the microporous membrane is 0.04 to 0.6 mg / (time ^* cm ² ), or 0.2 to 0.6 mg / (time ^* cm ² ), or 0.30. It may be ˜0.55 mg / (time ^* cm ² ), or 0.35-0.50 mg / (time ^* cm ² ), in each case including the listed values.

  While not intending to be bound by any theory, when volatile material is released from the volatile material contact surface to the evaporative emission surface of the microporous membrane, the volatile material may be liquid, gas, and these It is thought that it exists in the form selected from the combination of these. Furthermore, and without intending to be bound by any theory, it is believed that the volatile material travels, at least in part, through a network of pores that substantially interconnect the entire microporous membrane.

Density and Coating The microporous membrane may have a density of at least 0.7 g / cm ³ , for example at least 0.8 g / cm ³ . As used herein, the density of a microporous membrane is determined by measuring the weight and volume of a sample of the microporous membrane. The upper limit of the density of the microporous membrane may be a wide range as long as the target is a moving speed of the volatile material of, for example, 0.04 to 0.6 mg / (time ^* cm ² ), and volatilization occurs. When the volatile material is moved from the volatile material contact surface to the aforementioned evaporative emission surface, the evaporative emission surface is substantially free of volatile material. In general, the density of the microporous membrane is 1.5 g / cm ³ or less, 1.2 g / cm ³ or less, or 1.0 g / cm ³ or less. Microporous film includes the ^{0.7g / cm 3 ~1.5g / cm 3} , for example, have a density of ^{0.8g / cm 3 ~1.2g / cm 3} , of the recited values.

When the microporous membrane has a density of at least 0.7 g / cm ³ , for example at least 0.8 g / cm ³ , the volatile material contact surface and the evaporative emission surface of the microporous membrane, respectively, are coated thereon There is no need. When there is no coating material thereon, the volatile material contact surface and the evaporative emission surface are each defined by a microporous membrane.

When the microporous membrane has a density of at least 0.7 g / cm ³ , for example at least 0.8 g / cm ³ , a portion of the contact surface of the volatile material of the microporous membrane may optionally have a first coating thereon. And / or at least a portion of the evaporative emission surface of the microporous membrane may have a second coating thereon. The first coating and the second coating may be the same or different. At least a portion of the contact surface of the volatile material has a first coating thereon, and the contact surface of the volatile material is defined at least in part by the first coating. At least a portion of the evaporative emission surface has a second coating thereon, and the evaporative emission surface is defined at least in part by the second coating.

  The first coating and the second coating may be selected from a liquid coating and a solid particle coating (eg, a powder coating). Typically, the first coating and the second coating are independently selected from a liquid coating that can optionally include a solvent selected from water, organic solvents, and combinations thereof, as desired. The first coating and the second coating may each be independently selected from a crosslinkable coating (eg, a thermosetting coating and a photocurable coating) and a non-crosslinkable coating (eg, an air-dried coating). The first coating and the second coating are microporous according to methods recognized in the art, such as spray application, curtain coating, dip coating, and / or draw down coating (eg, doctor blade or draw down bar) techniques. It can be applied to each surface of the membrane.

  Each of the first coating composition and the second coating composition is an art-recognized additive, such as an antioxidant, a UV stabilizer, a flow control agent, a dispersion stabilizer (eg, in the case of an aqueous dispersion). And colorants. In general, the first coating composition and the second coating composition are free of colorants and are substantially transparent or opaque. Optional additives may be present in individual amounts, for example from 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating composition.

  The first coating and the second coating may each independently be formed from an aqueous coating composition that includes a dispersed organic polymeric material. The aqueous coating composition may have a particle size of 200 to 400 nm. The solids content of the aqueous coating composition may vary widely, for example, 0.1 to 30% by weight, or 1 to 20% by weight, each case being based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition. The organic polymer of the aqueous coating composition may have a number average molecular weight (Mn) of, for example, 1000 to 4,000,000, or 10,000 to 2,000,000.

  The aqueous coating composition may be selected from aqueous poly (meth) acrylate dispersions, aqueous polyurethane dispersions, aqueous silicone (ie silicone) oil dispersions, and combinations thereof. The poly (meth) acrylate polymer of the poly (meth) acrylate dispersion can be prepared according to methods recognized in the art. For example, the poly (meth) acrylate polymer may comprise alkyl (meth) acrylate residues (or monomer units) having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. Examples of alkyl (meth) acrylates having 1-20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, 2 -Hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl ( Examples include, but are not limited to, meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, and 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate. For non-limiting illustration purposes, an example of an aqueous poly (meth) acrylate dispersion from which the first coating composition and the second coating composition can each be selected, respectively, is HYCAR 26138, which Is available from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Is available from

  The polyurethane polymer of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion from which the first coating and the second coating can be independently selected includes any polyurethane polymer known to those skilled in the art. Typically, the polyurethane polymer is prepared from an isocyanate functional material having two or more isocyanate groups and an active hydrogen functional material having two or more active hydrogen groups. The active hydrogen group may be selected from, for example, a hydroxy group, a thiol group, a primary amine, a secondary amine, and combinations thereof. For purposes of non-limiting illustration, an example of an aqueous polyurethane dispersion from which the first coating composition and the second coating composition can each be selected, respectively, is WITCOBOND W-240, which is Chemtura. Available from the Corporation.

  The silicone polymer of the aqueous silicone oil dispersion may be selected from aqueous silicone oil dispersions known and recognized in the art. For purposes of non-limiting illustration, an example of an aqueous silicone dispersion from which the first coating composition and the second coating composition can each be selected, respectively, is MOMENTIVE LE-410, which is Momentive. Available from Performance Materials.

If the microporous membrane targets a volatile material transfer rate of, for example, 0.04 to 0.6 mg / (time ^* cm ² ), each of the first and second coatings can be of any suitable thickness. And when the volatile material is moved from the volatile material contact surface to the aforementioned evaporative emission surface, the evaporative emission surface is substantially free of volatile material. In addition, the first coating and the second coating are each independently a coating weight of 0.01 to 5.5 g / m ² (that is, a coating on a microporous membrane), for example, 0.1 to 5.0 g / m ^2. Or 0.5 to 3 g / m ² , or 0.75 to 2.5 g / m ² , or 1 to ² g / m ² .

The microporous membrane can have a density of less than 0.8 g / cm ³ , at least a portion of the contact surface of the volatile material of the microporous membrane can have a first coating thereon, and / or At least a portion of the evaporative emission surface of the microporous membrane can have a second coating thereon. The first coating and the second coating may be the same or different and each independently is at least 0, as described hereinbefore with respect to the first coating and the second coating of the microporous membrane. It has a density of 7 g / cm ³ .

When the density of the microporous membrane of the present invention is less than 0.7 g / cm ³ , for example, the microporous membrane has a lower volatile material transfer rate of 0.04 to 0.6 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ), And when the volatile material moves from the volatile material contact surface to the aforementioned evaporative emission surface, the evaporative emission surface may be of any suitable lower limit as long as it is targeted to be substantially free of volatile material. You may have. Of the present invention, this particular embodiment, the density of the microporous membrane less than ^{0.6~0.8g / cm 3, 0.6~0.75g / cm} 3 ( e.g. 0.60～0.75G / cm ³ ), or 0.6 to 0.7 g / cm ³ (for example, 0.60 to 0.70 g / cm ³ ), or 0.65 to 0.70 g / cm ³ .

  Further, at least a portion of the contact surface of the volatile material of the microporous membrane may have a first coating thereon, and / or at least a portion of the evaporative emission surface of the microporous membrane has a second coating thereon. The first coating and the second coating may each be selected from a coating composition comprising poly (vinyl alcohol).

  In embodiments coated with poly (vinyl alcohol) of the present invention, the microporous membrane (i.e., microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol)) is exposed to a temperature increase of 25C to 60C, This volatile material transfer rate increases by 150% or less. When microporous membranes coated with poly (vinyl alcohol) are exposed to elevated temperatures (eg, ambient temperatures from 25 ° C. to 60 ° C.), volatile material transfer rates typically increase, eg, microporous membranes The volatile material transfer rate does not decrease until is damaged by exposure to higher ambient temperatures. Thus, as used herein and in the claims, “the rate of all volatile materials increases by [enumerated] percent (eg, 150%) or less” includes the lower limit of 0% but 0% The lower limit is not included.

For illustrative purposes, a microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol) has a volatile material transfer rate of 0.3 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ) at 25 ° C., and the microporous membrane has a temperature up to 60 ° C. When exposed to volatile material transfer rates increase to values below 0.75 mg / (time ^* cm ² ).

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the microporous membrane (ie, microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol)) is exposed to a temperature increase of 25 ° C. to 60 ° C., the volatile material transfer rate is 125 % Or less increase. For example, a microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol) has a volatile material transfer rate of 0.3 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ) at 25 ° C., and the microporous membrane is exposed to temperatures up to 60 ° C. The volatile material transfer rate increases to a value of 0.68 mg / (time ^* cm ² ) or less.

Furthermore, when a microporous membrane (ie, a microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol)) is exposed to a temperature increase of 25 ° C. to 60 ° C., the migration rate of this volatile material increases by less than 100%. . For example, a microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol) has a volatile material transfer rate of 0.3 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ) at 25 ° C., and the microporous membrane is exposed to temperatures up to 60 ° C. The volatile material transfer rate increases to a value of 0.6 mg / (time ^* cm ² ) or less.

If the microporous membrane is intended for a volatile material transfer rate of, for example, 0.04 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ), the first poly (vinyl alcohol) coating and the second poly (vinyl alcohol) coating are independent of each other. May be present in any suitable weight, as well as when the microporous membrane (ie, microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol)) is exposed to a temperature increase from 25 ° C. to 60 ° C. The volatile material transfer rate increases by 150% or less. Typically, the first poly (vinyl alcohol) coating and the second poly (vinyl alcohol) coating are each 0.01 to 5.5 g / m ² , such as 0.1 to 4.0 g / m ² , or 0.5 to with 3.0 g / m ^2, or a coating weight of 0.75~2.0g / m ² independently.

The volatile material transfer rate of the microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol) may be at least 0.02 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ). Volatile material moving speed of the microporous membrane of poly (vinyl alcohol) is coated, 0.04 mg / (time ^* cm ²⁾ or more, or 0.1 mg / (time ^* cm ²⁾ or more, or 0.2 mg / It may be (time ^* cm ² ) or more, or 0.30 mg / (time ^* cm ² ) or more, or 0.35 mg / (time ^* cm ² ). The migration rate of the volatile material of the microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol) is 0.7 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ) or less, or 0.6 mg / (time ^* cm ² ) or less, or 0.55 mg. / (Time ^* cm ² ) or less, or 0.50 mg / (time ^* cm ² ) or less. The migration rate of the volatile material of the microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol) may range between any combination of these upper and lower values. For example, the migration rate of the volatile material of a poly (vinyl alcohol) coated microporous membrane is at least 0.02 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ), for example 0.04 to 0.70 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ), Or 0.04 to 0.60 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ), or 0.20 to 0.60 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ), or 0.30 to 0.55 mg / (hour ^* cm ² ), or It may be 0.35-0.50 mg / (time ^* cm < ² >), each case containing the listed values.

The density of the microporous membrane of the poly (vinyl alcohol) coated microporous membrane of the present invention may vary widely, such that the poly (vinyl alcohol) coated microporous membrane is at least 0.04 mg / (hours), for example. ^{* If the} target is a migration rate of volatile materials ⁽ cm ² ), and the microporous membrane (ie poly (vinyl alcohol) coated microporous membrane) is exposed to a temperature increase of 25 ° C to 60 ° C. The movement speed of the volatile material increases by 150% or less.

Furthermore, the density of the microporous membrane of the poly (vinyl alcohol) coated microporous membrane is at least 0.7 g / cm ³ , such as at least 0.8 g / cm ³ (eg 0.8 to 1.2 g / cm ³ ). And includes all of the listed values. In one embodiment of the invention, the density of the poly (vinyl alcohol) coated microporous membrane (ie the density of the microporous membrane prior to application of the poly (vinyl alcohol) coating) is less than 0.8 g / cm ^3. . For example, the density of the microporous membrane coated with poly (vinyl alcohol) is 0.6 to less than 0.8 to 0.8 g / cm ³ , or 0.6 to 0.75 g / cm ³ (for example, 0.60 to 0.75 g / cm ³ ). ³ ), or 0.6 to 0.7 g / cm ³ (for example, 0.60 to 0.70 g / cm ³ ), or 0.65 to 0.70 g / cm ³ .

  Using the poly (vinyl alcohol) coated microporous membrane of the present invention, when the volatile material is moved from the volatile material contact surface to the aforementioned evaporative emission surface, the evaporative emission surface is substantially in liquid form. There is no volatile material.

  The poly (vinyl alcohol) coating can be selected from a liquid coating comprising water, organic solvents, and combinations thereof, if desired. The poly (vinyl alcohol) coating may be selected from a crosslinkable coating (eg, a thermosetting coating) and a non-crosslinkable coating (eg, an air-dried coating). The poly (vinyl alcohol) coating is applied to each surface of the microporous membrane according to art recognized methods such as spray application, curtain coating, or draw down coating (eg doctor blade or draw down bar). Can be done.

  Further, the first poly (vinyl alcohol) coating and the second poly (vinyl alcohol) coating are each independently formed from an aqueous poly (vinyl alcohol) coating composition. The solids content of the aqueous poly (vinyl alcohol) coating composition may vary widely, for example, from 0.1 to 15% by weight, or from 0.5 to 9% by weight, each case being of the aqueous coating composition Based on total weight. The poly (vinyl alcohol) polymer of the poly (vinyl alcohol) coating composition may have a number average molecular weight (Mn) of, for example, 100 to 1,000,000, or 1000 to 750,000.

The poly (vinyl alcohol) polymer of the poly (vinyl alcohol) coating composition may be a homopolymer or a copolymer. Comonomers from which poly (vinyl alcohol) can be prepared include those that are copolymerizable with vinyl acetate (by radical polymerization), which are well known to those skilled in the art. For illustrative purposes, comonomers from which poly (vinyl alcohol) copolymers are prepared include (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, their metal salts, their alkyl esters (eg, these C ₂ alkyl esters -C _10), these polyethylene glycol esters, and these polypropylene glycol esters; vinyl chloride; tetrafluoroethylene; 2-acrylamido-2-methyl - propanesulfonic acid and salts thereof; acrylamide; N- alkyl Acrylamide; N, N-dialkyl-substituted acrylamide; and N-vinylformamide.

  For non-limiting illustration purposes, an example of a poly (vinyl alcohol) coating composition that can be used to form the poly (vinyl alcohol) coated microporous membrane of the present invention is CELVOL 325; It is commercially available from Sekisui Specialty Chemicals.

  Each of the first poly (vinyl alcohol) coating composition and the second poly (vinyl alcohol) coating composition is recognized in the art as, for example, an additive such as an antioxidant, a UV stabilizer, a flow control agent, a dispersion. Stabilizers (eg in the case of aqueous dispersions) and colorants (eg dyes and / or pigments) may be included. Generally, the first poly (vinyl alcohol) coating composition and the second poly (vinyl alcohol) coating composition are free of colorants and are substantially transparent or opaque. Optional additives may be present in the poly (vinyl alcohol) coating composition in individual amounts, for example from 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating composition.

Matrix The matrix of the microporous membrane is substantially composed of a water-insoluble thermoplastic organic polymer. Such polymers suitable for use as a matrix may vary widely. In general, any substantially water insoluble thermoplastic organic polymer that can be extruded, calendered, pressed, or rolled into a film, sheet, strip, or web can be used. Also good. The polymer may be a single polymer or it may be a mixture of polymers. The polymer may be a homopolymer, copolymer, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer, atactic polymer, isotactic polymer, syndiotactic polymer, linear polymer, or branched polymer. When a mixture of polymers is used, the mixture may be homogeneous or it may contain two or more polymer phases.

  Examples of suitable substantially water-insoluble thermoplastic organic polymer classes include thermoplastic polyolefin, poly (halo-substituted olefin), polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, polyurea, poly (vinyl halide), poly (vinylidene) Halides), polystyrene, poly (vinyl esters), polycarbonate, polyether, polysulfide, polyimide, polysilane, polysiloxane, polycaprolactone, polyacrylate, and polymethacrylate. Synthetic classes from which water-insoluble thermoplastic organic polymers can be selected include, for example, thermoplastic poly (urethane-urea), poly (ester-amide), poly (silane-siloxane), and poly (ether-ester) Are within the scope of the intention. Further examples of suitable substantially water-insoluble thermoplastic organic polymers include thermoplastic high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (“UHMWPE”), polypropylene (atactic, isotactic, or syndicate). Tactic), poly (vinyl chloride), polytetrafluoroethylene, copolymers of ethylene and acrylic acid, copolymers of ethylene and methacrylic acid, poly (vinylidene chloride), copolymers of vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate, copolymers of vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride , Copolymers of ethylene and propylene, copolymers of ethylene and butene, poly (vinyl acetate), polystyrene, poly (ω-aminoundecanoic acid) poly (hexamethylene adipamide), Li (.epsilon.-caprolactam), and poly (methyl methacrylate). Detailed descriptions of these classes and examples of substantially water insoluble thermoplastic organic polymers are provided for illustrative purposes and are not exhaustive.

  Substantially water-insoluble thermoplastic organic polymers include, for example, poly (vinyl chloride), vinyl chloride copolymers, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the water insoluble thermoplastic organic polymer is an ultra high molecular weight polyolefin (eg, an essentially linear ultra high molecular weight polyolefin) having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 10 dL / g, or an intrinsic viscosity of at least 6 dL / g. Ultrahigh molecular weight selected from ultra high molecular weight polypropylene (eg, essentially linear ultra high molecular weight polypropylene) having a viscosity, or mixtures thereof. In a specific embodiment, the water insoluble thermoplastic organic polymer comprises UHMWPE (eg, linear ultra high molecular weight polyethylene) having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 18 dL / g.

  UHMWPE is not a thermoplastic polymer with infinite molecular weight, it is professionally classified as thermoplastic. However, because the molecules are substantially very long chains, UHMWPE softens when heated, but does not flow as a dissolved liquid in normal thermoplastic systems. The very long chains and the unique properties they provide to UHMWPE are believed to contribute greatly to the desirable properties of microporous membranes made using this polymer.

  As mentioned above, the intrinsic viscosity of UHMWPE is at least about 10 dL / g. Usually, the intrinsic viscosity is at least about 14 dL / g. Intrinsic viscosity is often at least about 18 dL / g. In many cases, the intrinsic viscosity is at least about 19 dL / g. Although there is no specific limitation on the upper limit of the intrinsic viscosity, the intrinsic viscosity is often about 10 to about 39 dL / g. Intrinsic viscosities often range from about 14 to about 39 dL / g. In many cases, the intrinsic viscosity ranges from about 18 to about 39 dL / g. The intrinsic viscosity is preferably in the range of about 18 to about 32 dL / g.

The nominal molecular weight of UHMWPE is empirically related to the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer according to the following formula:
M (UHMWPE) = 5.3 × 10 ⁴ [η] ^1.37
In the formula, M (UHMWPE) is the nominal molecular weight, and [η] is the intrinsic viscosity of UHMW polyethylene expressed in dL / g.

  As used herein, intrinsic viscosity is determined by extrapolating the reduced or intrinsic viscosity of some dilutions of UHMWPE to zero concentration, where the solvent has just been distilled. Decahydronaphthalene, to which 0.2% by weight of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, neopentane tetrayl ester [CAS Registry Number 6683-19-8] is added Has been. The reduced viscosity or intrinsic viscosity of UHMWPE is the same as that of Ubbelohde No. 1, according to the general procedure of ASTM D 4020-81 except for several dilute solutions of different concentrations. The use of a viscometer of 1 is employed and is ascertained from the relative viscosity obtained at 135 ° C. ASTM D 4020-81 is incorporated herein in its entirety.

  The matrix is a substantially linear UHMWPE having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 10 dL / g, and ASTM D 1238-86 Condition E melt index less than 50 g / 10 min, and ASTM D 1238-86 Condition F A mixture of low molecular weight polyethylene having a melt index of at least 0.1 g / 10 min can be included. Low molecular weight polyethylene (LMWPE) is lower than that of UHMWPE. LMWPE is thermoplastic and many different types are known. One method of classification is expressed in g / cubic centimeter by density and rounded to one decimal place, according to ASTM D 1248-84 (reapproved 1989), as summarized in the table below.

  Any or all of these polyethylenes can be used as LMWPE in the microporous membrane of the present invention. For some applications, HDPE may be used because it usually tends to be more linear than MDPE or LDPE. ASTM D 1248-84 (Reapproved, 1989) is incorporated herein in its entirety.

  The process of making various LMWPEs is well known and well documented. They include the Phillips Petroleum Company process, the Standard Oil Company (Indiana) process, and the Ziegler process, which are high pressure processes. LMWPE has a melt index of ASTM D 1238-86 Condition E (ie, 190 ° C. and 2.16 kg load) of less than about 50 g / 10 min. Condition E melt index is often less than about 25 g / 10 min. The melt index for Condition E is desirably less than about 15 g / 10 minutes. LMWPE has a melt index of at least 0.1 g / 10 minutes under ASTM D 1238-86, Condition F (ie, 190 ° C. and load 21.6 kg). In many cases, the melt index for Condition F is at least about 0.5 g / 10 min. Desirably, the melt index for Condition F is at least about 1.0 g / 10 min. ASTM D 1238-86 is incorporated herein in its entirety.

  Sufficient UHMWPE and LMWPE must be present in the matrix to provide these properties to the microporous membrane. Other thermoplastic organic polymers may also be present in the matrix as long as their presence does not materially affect the properties of the microporous membrane in a manner that acts in reverse. The other thermoplastic polymer may be one other thermoplastic polymer, or may be one or more other thermoplastic polymers. The amount of other thermoplastic polymer that may be present depends on the nature of such polymer. Examples of thermoplastic organic polymers that may be present optionally include poly (tetrafluoroethylene), polypropylene, copolymers of ethylene and propylene, copolymers of ethylene and acrylic acid, and copolymers of ethylene and methacrylic acid. If desired, all or part of the carboxyl groups of the carboxyl-containing copolymer may be neutralized with sodium, zinc, and the like.

  UHMWPE and LMWPE together constitute at least 65% by weight of the matrix polymer, for example at least 85% by weight of the matrix polymer, or UHMWPE and LMWPE together constitute substantially 100% by weight of the matrix polymer. Can do. UHMWPE may comprise at least 1% by weight of the matrix polymer, and both UHMWPE and LMWPE may comprise substantially 100% by weight of the matrix polymer.

  Where both UHMWPE and LMWPE may constitute 100% by weight of the matrix polymer of the microporous membrane, UHMWPE is 40% or more of the matrix polymer, such as 45% or more, or 48% by weight of the matrix polymer. The above may be comprised of 50% by weight or more, or 55% by weight or more. UHMWPE may also comprise 99% or less of the matrix polymer, such as 80% or less, or 70% or less, or 65% or less, or 60% or less of the matrix polymer. The level of UHMWPE comprising the matrix polymer may range between any of these values, including the listed values.

  Where both UHMWPE and LMWPE may constitute 100% by weight of the matrix polymer of the microporous membrane, the LMWPE is 1% or more of the matrix polymer, such as 5% or more or 10% by weight of the matrix polymer. Or 15% or more, or 20% or more, or 25% or more, 30% or more, or 35% or more, or 40% or more, or 45% or more, or 50% or more, or It may constitute 55% by weight or more. Also, LMWPE is 70% or less of the matrix polymer, for example 65% or less, or 60% or less,% or less, or 55% or less, or 50% or less, or 45% or less of the matrix polymer. Can be configured. The level of LMWPE may range between any of these values, including the listed values.

  Note that for any of the microporous membranes of the invention described so far, the LMWPE may comprise high density polyethylene.

Filler The microporous membrane 140 may be filled with any suitable filler and plasticizers known in the art. The filler may include a particulate, substantially water insoluble filler material, such as particulate silica, clay, zeolite, carbonate, charcoal, and mixtures thereof. Certain filler materials may include organic particulate materials and / or inorganic particulate materials. The particulate filler material is typically not colored, for example, the particulate filler material is a white or off-white particulate filler material, such as a silicic acid-containing or clay particulate material.

  The ultrafine, substantially water-insoluble filler particles can constitute 20-90% by weight of the microporous membrane. For example, the filler particles may be 20 to 90% by weight of the microporous membrane, such as 30% to 90% by weight of the microporous membrane, or 40% to 90% by weight of the microporous membrane, or 40% of the microporous membrane. % To 85% by weight, or 50% to 90% by weight of the microporous membrane, as well as 60% to 90% by weight of the microporous membrane.

  In one embodiment, the microporous membrane is about 50 to about 80% of the total weight, alternatively about 60% to about 80% silica, alternatively about 70% to about 80%, and alternatively about 70% to about 75%. It may be filled.

  The ultrafine, substantially water-insoluble particulate filler may be in the form of ultimate particles, an aggregate of ultimate particles, or a mixture of both. At least about 90% by weight of the filler used in the preparation of the microporous membrane is measured by use of a laser diffraction particle size instrument (LS230 from Beckman Coulton) capable of measuring particle sizes as small as 0.04 micrometers. Having a total particle size in the range of 0.5 to about 200 micrometers, for example 1 to 100 micrometers. Typically, at least 90% by weight of the particle filler has a total particle size in the range of 10-30 micrometers. The size of the filler agglomerates can be reduced during processing of the components used to prepare the microporous membrane. Therefore, the total particle size distribution in the microporous membrane may be smaller than the raw filler itself.

  Non-limiting examples of suitable organic and inorganic particulate materials that can be used in the microporous membranes of the present invention include US Pat. No. 6,387,519 (B1), 9th row, 4th row to 13th row, Those listed in line 62 are listed, and the listed parts are incorporated herein.

  In certain embodiments of the invention, the particulate filler material comprises a silicic acid-containing material. Non-limiting examples of silicate-containing fillers that can be used to prepare microporous membranes include silica, mica, montmorillonite, kaolinite, nanoclays such as cloite, available from Southern Clay Products, talc, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite Natural and synthetic zeolites, calcium silicates, aluminum silicates, sodium aluminum silicates, aluminum polysilicates, alumina silica gel, and glass particles. In addition to the silicic acid-containing filler, other ultrafine, substantially water-insoluble fillers may be employed if desired. Non-limiting examples of such optional particulate fillers include carbon black, charcoal, graphite, titanium oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, antimony oxide, zirconia, magnesia, alumina, molybdenum disulfide, zinc sulfide. , Barium sulfate, strontium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and magnesium carbonate. In a non-limiting embodiment, the silicic acid-containing filler can include silica and any of the clays described above. Non-limiting examples of silica include precipitated silica, silica gel, fumed silica, and combinations thereof.

  Silica gel is generally produced commercially by acidifying soluble metal silicates such as aqueous solutions of sodium silicate with low pH acids. The acid employed is generally a strong mineral acid such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, although carbon dioxide can be used. While the viscosity is low, the gel phase does not settle, i.e. it does not settle, because there is essentially no difference in density between the gel phase and the surrounding liquid phase. As a result, silica gel can be described as a continuous particle of non-precipitated, coherent, rigid three-dimensional network colloidal amorphous silica. The state of the subdivided range is from a large solid mass to very small, and the degree of hydration from nearly anhydrous silica to a soft gelatinous mass is about 100 parts by weight of water per part by weight of silica. contains.

  Precipitated silica is an aqueous solution of a soluble metal silicate, usually sodium silicate, so that the colloidal particles of silica grow in a weak alkaline solution and are solidified by the alkali metal ions of the resulting soluble alkali metal salt. It is generally produced commercially by combining an alkali metal silicate and an acid. A variety of acids can be used, including but not limited to mineral acids. Non-limiting examples of acids that can be used include hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, but carbon dioxide can also be used to produce precipitated silica. In the absence of a coagulant, silica does not precipitate from solution at any pH. In a non-limiting embodiment, the coagulant used to perform the precipitation of silica may be a soluble alkali metal salt produced during the formation of colloidal silica particles, or it may be a soluble inorganic salt Or it may be an added electrolyte, such as an organic salt, or it may be a combination of both.

  Precipitated silica is available in many grades and forms from PPG Industries, Inc. These are sold under the trademark Hi-Sil®.

  For the purposes of the present invention, the ultrafine, substantially water-insoluble silicic acid-containing filler is at least 50% (eg, at least 65%, at least 75% by weight) of the substantially water-insoluble filler material. Or at least 90% by weight. The silicic acid-containing filler may comprise 50 to 90% (eg 60% to 80% by weight) of the particulate filler material, or the silicic acid-containing filler is substantially non-water soluble particulate filler material. Substantially all of the above.

  Particulate fillers (eg, silicic acid-containing fillers) typically have high surface areas and can carry many of the process plasticizer compositions used to produce the microporous membranes of the present invention. To. The filler particles are substantially water insoluble and may be substantially insoluble in any organic process liquid used to prepare the microporous membrane. This can promote retention of the particulate filler in the microporous membrane.

  The microporous membranes of the present invention can also be used in small amounts of other materials used in the process (eg, 5 wt% or less based on the total weight of the microporous membrane) such as lubricants, process plasticizers, organic extraction liquids, water Etc. Additional materials for specific purposes, such as heat, ultraviolet light, dimensional stability, may be present in the microporous membrane in small amounts (eg, 15% by weight or less based on the total weight of the microporous membrane), if desired. Good. Examples of such further materials include, but are not limited to, antioxidants, UV absorbers, reinforcing fibers (eg, short chopped glass fiber strands, etc.). Except for the filler and any coating, printing ink, or impregnating agent applied for one or more special purposes, the remainder of the microporous membrane is essentially a thermoplastic organic polymer.

Pore The microporous membrane of the present invention also includes a network of interconnecting pores that are substantially connected to the entire microporous membrane. On a base with no coating, no printing ink, and no impregnating agent, the pores are typically 35 to 35 when made by the process further described herein, based on the total volume of the microporous membrane. Constitutes 95% by volume. The pores can constitute 60-75% by volume of the microporous membrane, based on the total volume of the membrane. As used herein and in the claims, the porosity (also known as void volume) of a microporous membrane is expressed by volume% and is determined according to the following formula:
Porosity = 100 [1-d ₁ / d ₂ ]
Where d ₁ is the density of the sample, as determined from measurement of the sample dimensions, which is determined from the weight of the sample and the volume of the sample, d ₂ is the density of the solid part of the sample, This is determined from the weight of the sample and the volume of the solid part of the sample. The volume of the solid portion of the microporous membrane is determined according to the instrument's operating manual using a Quantachrome stereopycnometer (Quantachrome Corp.).

The volume average diameter of the pores of the microporous membrane is determined by mercury porosimetry using an Autoscan mercury porosimeter (Quantachrome Corp.) according to the instrument's operating manual. The volume average pore radius for a single scan is automatically determined by the porosimeter. In the operation of the porosimeter, scanning is performed in a high pressure range (absolute pressure 138 kPa to absolute pressure 227 MPa). If a total penetration volume of less than 2% occurs at the lower end of the high pressure range (absolute pressure 138-250 kPa), the volume average pore diameter is considered as twice the volume average pore size determined by the porosimeter. In another method, an additional scan is made in the low pressure range (absolute pressure 7-165 kPa) and the volume average pore diameter is produced by the following equation:
d = 2 [v ₁ r ₁ / w ₁ + v ₂ r ₂ / w ₂ ] / [v ₁ / w ₁ + v ₂ / w ₂ ]
Where d is the volume average pore diameter, v ₁ is the total volume of mercury penetrating in the high pressure range, v ₂ is the total volume of mercury penetrating in the low pressure range, and r ₁ is from the high pressure scan. The volume average pore radius determined, r ₂ is the volume average pore radius determined from the constant pressure scan, w ₁ is the weight of the sample subjected to the high pressure scan, and w ₂ is subjected to the low pressure scan. The weight of the sample.

  The microporous membrane of the present invention has a thickness of about 0.01 micrometer to about 0.06 micrometer, alternatively about 0.01 micrometer to about 0.05 micrometer, alternatively about 0.01 micrometer to about 0.04 micrometer. It may have an average pore size of meters, alternatively about 0.01 micrometers to about 0.03 micrometers, alternatively about 0.02 micrometers to about 0.04 micrometers, alternatively about 0.02 micrometers.

  Generally, on a base without coating, without printing ink, and without impregnating agent, the volume average diameter of the pores of the microporous membrane is at least 0.02 micrometers, typically at least 0.04 micrometers, And more typically at least 0.05 micrometers. On the same basis, the volume average diameter of the pores of the microporous membrane is typically 0.5 micrometers or less, more typically 0.3 micrometers or less, and more typically 0.25 micrometers or less. is there. In this base, the volume average diameter of the pores may range between any of these values, including the listed values. For example, the volume average diameter of the pores of the microporous membrane may range from 0.02 to 0.5 micrometers, or 0.04 to 0.3 micrometers, or 0.05 to 0.25 micrometers. , Each case contains an enumerated value.

  In the process of determining the volume average pore diameter by the above procedure, the maximum pore radius detected can also be determined. This is taken from the low pressure range scan, if implemented, and from the high pressure range scan in another method. The maximum pore diameter of the microporous membrane is typically twice the maximum pore radius.

  The coating, printing, and impregnation process can be a filling of at least some of the pores of the microporous membrane. Furthermore, such processes can also irreversibly compress the microporous membrane. Accordingly, the parameters relating to porosity, the volume average diameter of the pores, and the maximum pore diameter are determined for the microporous membrane prior to one or more applications of these processes.

Thickness and surface area The microporous membrane has a thickness in the z direction of about 0.01 mm to about 1 mm, alternatively about 0.1 mm to about 0.4 mm, alternatively about 0.15 mm to about 0.35 mm, alternatively about 0.25 mm. You may have.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the surface area of the microporous membrane may vary depending on the user's preferred delivery engine 100 dimensions. In some embodiments, the evaporation surface area of the microporous membrane is from about 2 cm ² to about 100 cm ² , alternatively from about 2 cm ² to about 35 cm ² , alternatively from about 10 cm ² to about 50 cm ² , alternatively from about 10 cm ² to about 45 cm ² , or alternatively About 10 cm ² to about 35 cm ² , alternatively about 15 cm ² to about 40 cm ² , alternatively about 15 cm ² to about 35 cm ² , alternatively about 20 cm ² to about 35 cm ² , alternatively about 30 cm ² to about 35 cm ² , about 35 cm ² , Also good.

  Suitable microporous membranes of the present invention include UHMWPE type membranes, optionally filled with silica as described in US Pat. No. 7,498,369. Such UHMWPE membranes include Daramic ™ V5 available from Dramic, Solupor ™ available from DSM (Netherlands), Teslin ™ SP1100HD available from PPG Industries, and combinations thereof. . These membranes are believed to allow volatile materials to dissipate freely while allowing a liquid to be contained within the delivery engine 100.

  In one aspect of the invention, the microporous membrane may include a dye that reacts with the amount of volatile material that is in contact to indicate the end of its useful life. Alternatively, the microporous membrane may change so that the fragrance or volatile material becomes transparent when contacted to indicate that diffusion has occurred. Other means known in the art for indicating the end of the useful life are contemplated within the scope of the present invention.

Housing Referring now to FIGS. 6-9, the device 10 of the present invention may include a housing 200 that releasably engages the delivery engine 100. The housing 200 may have a width, length, and depth along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, respectively (as shown in FIG. 1). The housing 200 can be made of any suitable material, such as glass, ceramic, wood, plastic, composite material, and may have any size, shape, and configuration suitable for enclosing the delivery engine 100. The housing 200 can be rigid or flexible, and can be made of a material that allows movement of volatile materials to the surrounding environment. The housing 200 can include a base 210, a hollow core 240 supported on the base 210, and can be nested within the shell 220. The housing 200 may also include a notch 270 and a vent 260.

Shell and Hollow Core As seen in FIGS. 8 and 9, the housing 100 may include a hollow core 240 supported on the base 210 and nested within the shell 220. The shell 220 may have a front wall 222 and a rear wall 224, both of which are generally coextensive with the front wall 242 and the rear wall 244 of the hollow core 240. The hollow core 240 and shell 220 may be oval cylindrical and include a receiving end 230 for receiving the delivery engine 100. The receiving end 230 may be disposed away from the base 210 of the housing 200.

Ribs and Notches The inner surface of the rear wall 244 of the hollow core 240 may include retaining ribs 246 for guiding the delivery engine 100 downward to its final use position (as seen in FIG. 9). . In one embodiment, the retaining rib 246 may include a first retaining rib and a second retaining rib disposed on the inner surface of the rear wall 244, both of which extend longitudinally along the y-axis. The first and second retaining ribs may be positioned at the intersection of the front wall 242 and the rear wall 244 of the hollow core 240 to receive the delivery engine lip 102.

  The housing 200 may also include a notch 270, or a plurality of notches, to engage or compress the breaching element 130 when the delivery engine 100 is received within the housing 200. In this way, the user does not need to manually operate the delivery engine 100 before inserting it into the housing 200. Notch 270 is in any manner that allows delivery engine 100 to be inserted into housing 200 relatively easily, while notch 270 compresses rupture element 130 and breaks ruptureable substrate 120. Can be configured.

  A suitable insertion force for inserting the delivery engine 100 that compresses the breaching element 130 and breaks the rupturable substrate 120 is less than about 25 N, alternatively less than about 20 N, alternatively less than about 15 N, alternatively less than about 5 N, or About 1N to about 25N, alternatively about 1N to about 15N, alternatively about 5N to about 20N, alternatively about 5N to about 15N, alternatively about 8-15N.

  The insertion force can be measured using the electromechanical test system QTest Elite 10 available from MTS. The delivery engine 100 is secured to the test system and is located at the receiving end of the housing without any force against the notch 270 or element that breaks or helps to break the rupturable substrate 120. The The crosshead speed of the electrical machine test system is set to 50 mm / min. The room temperature is 23 ± 2 ° C. The apparatus is operated until the rupturable substrate 120 is broken. Zero displacement is defined as the point at which a force of 0.1 N (preload) is applied. The load at the first peak at which the rupturable substrate 120 is broken is recorded as the force to burst. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the insertion force varies depending on the physical properties and arrangement of the notch 270, the breathable membrane 140, the breaching element 130, and the rupturable substrate 120.

  In one embodiment, the notch 270 can be laterally offset from the center of the front wall 242 of the hollow core 240, thereby requiring a smaller protrusion in the z-direction when manufacturing the notch 270. . Thus, the breathable membrane 140 does not need to be stretched much and the potential for damage is less.

  The notches 270 and ribs 246 are configured so that they do not require refraction of the delivery engine 100 upon insertion, resulting in a small insertion force. When the delivery engine 100 is inserted into the housing 200, the notch 270 compresses the breathable membrane 140 and the rupture element 130 in the direction of the reservoir 110, destroying the rupturable substrate 120, and the breathable membrane 140. Releases volatile materials. During insertion of the delivery engine 100, the ribs 246 contact and guide the delivery engine 100 against the notch 270 and maintain the lateral position of the delivery engine 100 so that the notch 270 fully engages the rupture element 130. To do.

Vent Housing 200 is aligned in a first open position and a plurality of vents 260 or openings to facilitate delivery of volatile material from breathable membrane 140 to the atmosphere of the room in need of treatment. You may have a part. Increasing the effective size of vent 260 will increase the delivery of volatile materials. Conversely, reducing the effective size of vent 260 will reduce the delivery of volatile material.

  Vent 260 may be located anywhere on housing 200. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6-9, the vents 260 are disposed on the front walls 222, 242 of the shell 220 and the hollow core 240. The number and / or dimensions of the vents 260 are not fixed. The dimensions of the vent 260 can be controlled by the user through various means. The user slides the shell 220 down the base 210 along the y-axis toward the base 210 so that the desired amount of volatilization is delivered where treatment is needed. The pores 260 can be open, partially open, partially closed, or closed. The housing 200 can be constructed such that rotation of the shell 240 around the x-axis (not shown) allows the vent 260 to be opened and closed. In addition to vent 260, housing 200 may have other means for visual inspection of delivery engine 100.

  The housing 200 may also include a click sound mechanism (not shown) to inform the user that the housing 200 is in the desired open or closed position. Such a clicking sound mechanism includes a first fitting portion (not shown) arranged along the outer surface of the hollow core 240 and a second fitting portion arranged along the inner surface of the shell 220 ( (Not shown). The fitting portion engages the wall portion of the shell 220 and the hollow core 240 by friction when they slide with each other. When the desired open or closed position is reached, the fitting may be releasably secured in place and provide a clicking sound.

Volatile Material The device 10 and / or delivery engine 100 of the present invention delivers volatile material to the atmosphere in a continuous manner. The term “volatile material” as used herein refers to a material that can be volatilized at room temperature and atmospheric pressure without the need for an energy source. The volatile material may be a composition composed entirely of a single volatile material. The volatile material may also be a composition composed entirely of a volatile material mixture (ie, the mixture has two or more volatile components). Furthermore, not all of the constituent materials of the composition need be volatile. Any suitable volatile material in any amount or form may be used, including liquids or emulsions.

  Liquids suitable for use herein may therefore also have non-volatile components such as carrier materials (eg, water, solvents, etc.). When a liquid is described herein as “delivered”, “evaporated”, or “released”, this refers to volatilization of its volatile components and its non-volatile components It should also be understood that does not need to be stripped.

  Volatile materials may be in the form of perfume oil. The most conventional fragrance material is volatile essential oil. Volatile materials can be volatile organic compounds that are commercially available from perfume suppliers. Furthermore, the volatile material can be a synthetically or naturally formed substance. Examples include oils such as bergamot, daidai, lemon, mandarin, hime fennel, cedar leaf, clove leaf, cedarwood, geranium, lavender, orange, origanum, petitgren, white cedar, patchouli, neroili, rose absolute, etc. However, it is not limited to these. In the case of air fresheners or fragrances, the different volatile materials may be similar, related, complementary or contrasting.

  Volatile materials may also originate from crystalline solid forms that have the ability to sublime into the gas phase at ambient temperature or to be used to scent liquids. Any suitable crystalline solid may be used in any suitable amount or form. For example, suitable crystalline solids include vanillin, ethyl vanillin, coumarin, tonalide, caron, heliotropene, musk xylol, cedrol, musk ketone benzohenone, raspberry ketone, methyl naphthyl ketone β, phenyl ethyl salicylate, and beltol. , Maltol, maple lactone, proeugenol acetate, evemil, and the like.

  However, if different volatile materials are used in an attempt to avoid volatility habits, it may not be desirable for the volatile materials to closely resemble. Otherwise, people experiencing volatilization will not be aware that different substances are being released. Different volatilizations can be provided using multiple delivery systems, each providing a different volatile material (eg, musk, flower, fruit volatilization, etc.). Different volatilizations can be related to each other by a common theme or some other method. Examples of different but complementary volatilization may be cinnamon volatilization and apple volatilization.

  In addition to the volatile materials of the present invention, delivery engine 100 may include any known malodor composition to neutralize odors. Suitable malodorous compositions include cyclodextrins, reactive aldehydes, and ionone.

  Without being bound by theory, continuous delivery of volatile materials can include membrane pore size, membrane surface area, volatile material physical properties (eg, molecular weight, etc.), saturated vapor pressure (“VP”), And / or viscosity and / or surface tension of the volatile material-containing composition.

  The composition may be about 10% to about 100% of the total weight of volatile materials each having a VP of less than about 0.01 Pa at 25 ° C, or about 25% at about 25 ° C each. About 40% to about 100% of the total weight of volatile materials having a VP of less than 13.3 Pa (0.1 torr), or volatilization each having a VP of less than about 13.3 Pa (0.1 torr) at 25 ° C. About 50% to about 100% of the total weight of the volatile material, or about 90% to about 100% of the total weight of the volatile material each having a VP of less than about 40.0 Pa (0.3 torr) at 25 ° C. It can be formulated to contain a mixture of volatile materials. In one embodiment, the volatile material mixture is from 0% to about 0% of the total weight of volatile materials each having a VP of about 0.53 Pa (0.004 torr) to about 4.67 Pa (0.035 torr) at 25 ° C. 15%, and 0% to about 25% of the total weight of volatile materials each having a VP of about 13.3 Pa (0.1 torr) to about 43.3 Pa (0.325 torr) at 25 ° C, and at 25 ° C. Each may comprise from about 65% to about 100% of the total weight of the volatile material having from about 4.35 Pa (0.035 torr) to about 13.3 Pa (0.1 torr) VP. One source for obtaining the saturated vapor pressure of volatile materials is US Pat. S. EPI Suite ™, version 4.0, available from Environmental Protection Agency.

  Two representative compositions are described in Tables 2 and 3, including volatile material mixtures having various VP volatile materials. These compositions are shown by way of illustration and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.

  The viscosity of the volatile material can control how and when the volatile material is delivered to the breathable membrane 140. For example, a low viscosity volatile composition can flow faster than a high viscosity volatile material. Thus, the membrane can initially be wetted by a low viscosity material. The higher the viscosity of the volatile material, which is slightly lower than or similar to the low viscosity phase, can remain in the collection bowl 112 by gravity. Thus, low viscosity volatile materials can be delivered to the breathable membrane 140 and can be stripped to the atmosphere faster. To help prevent liquid penetration into the breathable membrane 140, the volatile material may have, for example, a viscosity of less than about 23 CP and a surface tension of less than about 33 mN / m.

  In one embodiment, the composition containing the volatile material has a viscosity of, for example, from about 1.0 CP to less than about 25 CP, alternatively from about 1.0 CP to less than about 23 CP, and alternatively from about 1.0 CP to less than about 15 CP. You may have.

  The composition containing the volatile material may be, for example, from about 19 mN / m to less than about 33 mN / m, alternatively from about 19 mN / m to less than about 30 mN / m, and alternatively from about 19 mN / m to about 27 mN / m. It may be designed to include less than surface tension.

  The following examples are not to be construed as limiting the invention, as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Example 1
In this example, two identical air freshening delivery engines are designed employing a Daramic V5 membrane with an evaporation surface area of about 34 cm ² . Two perfume compositions, RJJ-577 and RJJ-573-8, each having a mixture of volatile materials, with volatile materials in different VP ranges, are tested in an air freshening delivery engine for evaporation rate. The VP range for volatile materials is shown in Tables 4 and 5.

  One delivery engine was loaded with 6000 mg of fragrance composition RJJ-577, and the other was loaded with 6000 mg of fragrance composition RJJ-573-8. RJJ-577 has a relatively higher VP than RJJ-573-8. Each filled delivery engine is surveyed and the weight is recorded. Both delivery engines are placed in a housing and maintained at a room temperature of 21 ° C. At the time shown in FIG. 10, the delivery engine is surveyed and the weight is recorded. FIG. 10 shows that after about two weeks, the evaporation rate of RJJ-577 is nearly flat, which requires another delivery engine. This is costly and may seem cumbersome for the customer. On the other hand, RJJ-573-8 with a microporous membrane delivers a constant linear strength over a longer period of time.

(Example 2)
In this example, the two air freshening delivery engines are constructed using different membranes. Each is tested for evaporation rate using RJJ-573-8 used in Example 1. 6000 mg of RJJ-573-8 is mounted on a delivery engine comprising a low density polyethylene membrane (LDPE) having an average pore size of about 40 micrometers. 6000 mg of RJJ-573-8 is mounted on a delivery engine having a Daramic V5 microporous membrane. As seen in FIG. 11, the microporous membrane is more efficient than the LDPE membrane when releasing a relatively low vapor pressure fragrance. Thus, employing a microporous membrane according to the present invention delivers higher strength with lower vapor pressure (ie, a more comfortable “base note” perfume ingredient can be delivered).

  As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. To do. Thus, for example, “a volatile material” may include two or more volatile materials.

  Are all numerical ranges stated throughout this specification explicitly reciting any numerical range narrower than that which falls within such wider numerical ranges, or all such numerical ranges narrower than that? Are included. For example, a defined range of “1-10” is any and all subranges from a minimum value of 1 to a maximum value of 10, ie, all starting with a minimum value of 1 or more and ending with a maximum value of 10 or less. It should be considered to include subranges (eg 1 to 6.1, 3.5 to 7.8, 5.5 to 10, etc.).

  Further, the dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm”.

  Unless expressly excluded or limited, all documents cited in this application are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety, including any patents or patent applications that are cross-referenced or related. It is. Citation of any document is either prior art to the invention disclosed or claimed in this application, or any such invention, either alone or in combination with any other reference. Is not permitted to be taught, implied or disclosed. Further, to the extent that the meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with the meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition given to that term in this document shall prevail.

  While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims (13)

A device for delivering a volatile material comprising:
i. A reservoir for containing a volatile material mixture;
ii. A rupturable substrate secured to the reservoir;
iii. A microporous ultra high molecular weight polyethylene membrane,
iv. A rupturable element positioned between the rupturable substrate and the microporous membrane, wherein the rupturable element includes a compressible flange, the compressible flange being above the distal end and the distal end. A rupture element comprising two spaced-apart piercing elements disposed in
Including a delivery engine with
The microporous membrane surrounds the reservoir, the rupturable substrate, and the rupturable element;
When the rupturable element operates in a first direction relative to the reservoir, the rupturable substrate is destroyed in the first direction, the volatile material mixture traverses the rupturable substrate, and Dispersed to the atmosphere across a rupture element that contacts the microporous membrane. A device for delivering a volatile material comprising:
i. A liquid reservoir having a single opening, having a 4: 1 width to length ratio and a depth of 5 mm to 15 mm and comprising a volatile material mixture;
ii. A rupturable substrate surrounding the single opening;
iii. A microporous ultra high molecular weight polyethylene membrane sealed in the liquid reservoir;
iv. A rupturable element positioned between the rupturable substrate and the microporous membrane, wherein the rupturable element includes a compressible flange, the compressible flange being above the distal end and the distal end. A rupture element comprising two spaced-apart piercing elements disposed in
v. A delivery bowl comprising: a collection bowl in fluid communication with the liquid reservoir upon rupture of the rupturable substrate;
The microporous membrane surrounds the rupturable substrate, the rupturable element, and the collection bowl;
A device characterized by that.   The piercing element is supported on a corresponding spring-like part, and by pushing the rupture element in the direction of the ruptureable substrate, the piercing element ruptures the ruptureable substrate and then its original position. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the apparatus returns to   4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rupture element includes a first compressible flange and a second compressible flange coupled face to face with the rupture element.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rupture element comprises a molded plastic material.   6. The housing of claim 1, further comprising a housing including a base, a shell, and a hollow core, wherein the hollow core includes a notch for compressing the rupture element upon insertion of the delivery engine into the housing. The device according to any one of the above.   The hollow core includes a front wall including a vent, and the notch is positioned on an inner surface of the front wall for compressing the rupture element upon insertion of the delivery engine into the housing. Item 7. The apparatus according to Item 6.   The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the insertion force of the delivery engine into the housing to break the rupturable substrate is less than 25N.   9. Apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the hollow core includes a first rib and a second rib for guiding the delivery engine relative to the notch. The film includes evaporation surface area of 15cm ² ~35cm ^2, apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9.   11. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the membrane comprises an average pore size of 0.01 to 0.06 micrometers and a thickness of 0.01 to 1 mm.   12. The mixture comprises 90% to 100% of the total weight of the mixture of volatile materials each having a saturated vapor pressure (VP) of less than 40.0 Pa (0.3 torr) at 25 [deg.] C. The apparatus as described in any one of.   The volatile material mixture comprises at least 25% of volatile materials each having a saturated vapor pressure (VP) of less than about 13.3 Pa (0.1 torr) between 40% and 100% of the total weight of the volatile material mixture. The apparatus of claim 12, comprising:

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