JP2017038334A - Generation detection method for transmission signal using code sequence, communication system, and measuring system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide: a transmission method for generating and transmitting a transmission signal from a baseband transmission signal using a multiplexed spreading chip string obtained by multiplying and multiplexing pulses in a code sequence for spreading and a pulse string for coupling by a chip in a localization code sequence, a single carrier modulation signal, and a multicarrier modulation signal; and a reception method for obtaining a multiplexed spreading chip string in the frequency domain or time domain from a received transmission signal, performing inverse spreading and localization processing in a cascade to detect a localization pulse, and thereby enabling a high signal-to-noise ratio improvement rate.SOLUTION: In data transmission using transmission and reception methods of the present invention, data is mapped to a code sequence, and a reception side can detect the data with a high signal-to-noise ratio improvement rate as the type of code sequence, and the shift time and polarity of a localization pulse. In addition, when the methods are used in a measuring system, the measuring system can obtain information on a measuring object from an aspect and a characteristic by calculating a localization pulse from a signal detected from the measuring object with a high signal-to-noise ratio improvement rate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

  The present invention relates to a transmission signal generation detection method using a code sequence, a communication system and a measurement system using the generation detection method.

  In order to construct a smart grid or the like, a communication method capable of high-speed and high-quality communication in the presence of strong noise or obstacles is required. Conventionally, the DS-SS direct sequence spread spectrum method has been disclosed as a communication method that is excellent in noise resistance and enables multiple access. This method, however, despreads narrowband noise superimposed on a transmission signal during communication. Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio (S / N ratio) can be improved by removing the signal out of the band, but the S / N ratio for wide-band noise cannot be improved (Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  Further, the input data is sequentially converted into parallel data sequences, each parallel data sequence is sequentially distributed to N channels (N is a natural number of 2 or more), and each parallel data sequence is assigned to a predetermined orthogonal code sequence, for example, Walsh. Is sequentially converted into a function sequence, and each of the orthogonal code sequences is multiplied by a predetermined spreading code to perform spread spectrum modulation processing to generate N SS (Spread Spectrum) signals. A transmission apparatus that adds delays of different lengths, multiplexes these N SS signals by a predetermined method to generate a transmission multiplexed SS signal, performs predetermined signal processing on the transmission multiplexed SS signal, and transmits the transmission multiplexed SS signal; Is stored with the partial spreading code divided by the number of bits J of the orthogonal code sequence, and the partial correlation value between the transmission multiplexed SS signal and each partial spreading code is calculated, Holds the inverse matrix of the orthogonal code matrix, and multiplies the inverse matrix by the column vector consisting of each partial correlation value to calculate the orthogonal correlation value corresponding to each orthogonal code sequence, and the orthogonal correlation value is the maximum. And the parallel data sequence previously associated with the orthogonal code sequence is output to each of the N channels as a demodulated parallel data sequence to determine the maximum likelihood. Based on the delay added to the channel, the delay difference of the demodulated parallel data sequence of each channel is corrected, and the demodulated parallel data sequence after the delay difference correction is synchronized with the repetition period of the spread code of the transmission multiplexed SS signal A receiving apparatus is disclosed in which a sampling is performed on the basis of a clock and a serial demodulated data sequence is obtained by parallel-serial conversion of sampled data of each channel (Patent Document 4). Orthogonal code sequences such as the sh function are susceptible to loss of orthogonality due to the influence of noise, and there is a problem that the probability of erroneous detection increases in a signal on which noise is superimposed.

  Also, there are disclosed an M-ary system for high-speed transmission and a multi-value M-ary system that represents data with a combination and polarity of a plurality of code sequences. In the case of a multi-level M-ary, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient transmission rate by increasing the multiplicity because it becomes difficult to detect an individual M-ary signal ( Non-patent documents 1, 3, 4).

  Further, a transmission signal is generated using a multiplexed basic pulse train obtained by multiplying a spread code sequence having a cycle in which data is mapped at a shift time by multiplying an order pulse train having a spread code pulse having a cycle, There is disclosed a code sequence type transmitting apparatus and receiving apparatus that perform decoding by despreading a detected multiplexed basic pulse sequence sequentially with an ordered pulse sequence to separate a low-speed code sequence and detecting its localized pulse (Patent Document) 1, 2, 3) However, since the spreading code sequence of this technique gives an order and data is mapped only to the spread code sequence, the amount of information per chip is small, and the increase in speed is to compensate for this. Although the basic pulse train is multiplexed, the processing requires a long time, and the circuit becomes complicated and the cost is high. In addition, the SN ratio is improved by despreading the multiplexed basic pulse sequence of the period by the sequence pulse sequence and localization of the despread signal. In the despreading, the basic pulse sequence of the cycle unit is added to the spread code sequence. Since it is used, the spreading factor cannot be increased sufficiently, so that the S / N ratio improvement rate is limited, and there is a problem that speeding up is suppressed.

  The above existing technology multiplies the code sequence for spreading and the chip of the code sequence for combination by multiplying the multiplicity by 1 or more in the amplitude direction, and further the localization code sequence. Multiplexed spread chip sequence generated by multiplying chips and linearly coupled in the time axis direction, OFDM obtained by modulating orthogonal subcarriers generated by different frequency division methods for each set in a set of one or a plurality of multiplexed spread chip sequences (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) A set of multiplexed spread chip sequences obtained by converting a signal generated by multiplexing signals with a multiplicity of 1 or more, or a set of wavelets generated by a parameter setting method defined for each set. The wavelet OFDM signal generated by modulating the signal based on the converted signal multiplexed with a multiplicity of 1 or more Signal generation, acquisition and despreading of a multiplexed spreading chip sequence from the converted signal converted to the frequency domain at the receiving side, and detection and localization of localized pulses in the multiplexing direction by a code sequence for combination The configuration and method are different from those of the present invention which incorporates detection of a code sequence that determines each code sequence by linking to detection of localized pulses in the time axis direction by a code sequence for use.

  Further, the present invention is further different from the prior art in that data transmission can allow the mapping of data to the type, shift time and / or polarity of each code sequence including a code sequence for spreading.

JP 2009-38570 A JP 2008-124835 A JP 2006-270936 A JP 2003-218835 A

Marubayashi, et al., "Spread spectrum communication and its application", IEICE Yukiji Yamauchi, "Spread Spectrum Communication", Tokyo Denki University Press P.K.Enge & D.V.Sarwate, “Spread-spectrum multiple-access performance of orthogonal codes linear receiver”, IEEE Trans.commun., COM-35, 12, p.p.1300-1319 (Dec.1967) Akinaka, et al., “Proposal of parallel combination SS communication method”, IEICE (B11), J74-B-11,5, p.p.207-214 (1991-05)

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and uses a code sequence that can be detected with a high S / N ratio improvement ratio by reducing narrow-band and wide-band noise including internal interference noise and external noise. It is an object of the present invention to provide a transmission signal generation detection method using a code sequence that enables generation of a transmission signal and detection of a transmission signal with a high S / N ratio improvement rate.

  Also, a communication system comprising a transmission device and a reception device using these transmission signal generation methods and detection methods, having high data transfer efficiency and capable of high-speed data transmission by setting a large multiplicity even in a noisy environment The purpose is to provide.

  Furthermore, there is provided a measurement system using a code sequence that includes a transmission device and a reception device that use these transmission signal generation methods and detection methods, and that can perform high-quality measurement with a high SN ratio improvement rate. With the goal.

The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems of the conventional example and achieving the above object is to provide a transmission signal generation and detection method using a code sequence, a code sequence for spreading, a pulse train pulse and a station for combining A spreading chip sequence obtained by multiplying a chip of a local code sequence is multiplexed with respect to a pulse sequence for combining to generate a multiplexed spreading chip sequence having a multiplicity of 1 or more, and at least one or a plurality of multiplexed spreading chips A transmission signal is generated and transmitted based on the converted signal generated by converting the sequence, the transmission signal is detected, a multiplexed spread chip sequence is obtained from the converted signal in the time domain or the frequency domain, and the obtained multiplexing A localization pulse of at least the localization code sequence is calculated from a signal obtained by despreading the diffusion chip sequence included in the diffusion chip sequence with a code sequence for spreading the diffusion chip sequence.

The present invention is characterized in that, in the transmission signal generation and detection method, the pulse train for combining is a constant amplitude code sequence, or a single pulse or pulse train in which the amplitude and the polarity are respectively determined.

According to the present invention, in the transmission signal generation and detection method, the code sequence for spreading is an M sequence having a code length of 1 or more, and the multiplexed spreading chip sequence is a pulse train for coupling having different amplitudes and / or polarities. These pulses and M series are multiplied and multiplexed to generate.

The multiplexed diffusion chip sequence of the present invention can be generated in any order.
The transmission signal generation detection method according to the present invention is characterized in that the converted signal is generated by converting the multiplexed spread chip sequence so as to be orthogonal at least in the frequency domain and multiplexing the multiplicity by 1 or more. .

According to the present invention, in the transmission signal detection and generation method, the converted signal has a multiplicity obtained by multiplexing an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal generated by a frequency division method defined for each multiplexed spreading chip sequence. It is one or more multiplexed OFDM signals, and the multiplexed spread chip sequence is obtained by converting the multiplexed OFDM signal into a frequency domain.
According to the present invention, in the transmission signal detection and generation method, the converted signal is a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more obtained by multiplexing wavelet OFDM signals generated with parameter settings determined for each multiplexed spreading chip sequence. The multiplexed spread chip sequence is obtained from the wavelet coefficient of the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal. The wavelet OFDM signal of the present invention may be overlapped. The parameter represents a scaling factor and a shift parameter.

  According to the present invention, in the transmission signal generation detection method, the converted signal is a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more obtained by multiplexing wavelet OFDM signals generated with parameter settings determined for each multiplexed spreading chip sequence. The multiplexed spreading chip sequence is obtained by converting the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal into the frequency domain by DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) conversion.

  The present invention is characterized in that, in the transmission signal generation and detection method, the converted signal is a multiplexed spread chip sequence, and the transmission signal is generated based on the multiplexed spread chip sequence.

  According to the present invention, in the transmission signal generation and detection method, the transmission signal is generated by modulating a carrier wave to be hopped with a signal for generating a transmission signal including a converted signal, and the multiplexed spread chip sequence is detected from the transmission signal. It is a signal obtained from the converted signal in the frequency domain or the time domain.

  According to the present invention, in the transmission signal generation and detection method, the transmission signal is a modulation signal generated by modulating a carrier wave with a transform signal orthogonal in the frequency domain, and the multiplexed spread chip sequence is detected by demodulating the transmission signal. Obtained from the converted signal in the frequency domain or time domain.

  The transmission signal generation and detection method according to the present invention is characterized in that the transmission signal is a signal including at least a converted signal, and the multiplexed spread chip sequence is obtained from the converted signal of the transmission signal in the frequency domain or the time domain. And

  In the transmission signal generation and detection method according to the present invention, the code sequence includes a sequence in which data is mapped.

  In the transmission signal generation and detection method according to the present invention, the localized pulse includes a first localized pulse and a second localized pulse, and the first localized pulse is generated by despreading. The second localized pulse, which is generated from the coded code sequence for coupling and is a localized pulse of the localized code sequence, is detected from the first localized pulse. And

  The present invention is characterized in that, in the transmission signal generation and detection method, information on an object irradiated with a transmission signal is acquired by further detecting a localized pulse mode.

  The present invention provides the transmission signal generation detection method, wherein the transmission signal includes data generated from source data, and the converted signal is a signal generated from a code sequence including a sequence in which the data is mapped, Source data is decoded based on a code sequence determined by detecting localized pulses.

  According to the present invention, in the transmission signal generation detection method described above, a transmission signal is transmitted using one or a plurality of antennas, received by a required number of antennas, and a space between transmission and reception antennas acquired from the received transmission signal. One or a plurality of multiplexed spread pulse trains according to the propagation characteristics are despread and localized with respect to the correlation function code sequence to detect the maximum peak, and data from the code sequence set for spreading constituting the peak is obtained. Acquiring and decoding source data.

According to the present invention, in the transmission signal generation detection method, the procedure for detecting the maximum peak is: (1) the j-th chip CLi of the correlation function code sequence CL, i = 1, ---, NL, , Despread signals for all shift times of code sequence Csijk, i = 1, --- NL, j = 1, ---, m, k = 1, ---, Ns (2) Div1 is divided into two groups of Ai1: (Ns + 1) / 2 and Bi1: (Ns-1) / 2. (3) a step of calculating the respective added values ai1 and bi1 of Ai1 and Bi1, (4) a step of calculating Δi1 = ai1−bi1, and (5) a correlation function with CL using all ± Δi1. (6) detecting the maximum peak and determining the polarity of Δi1, i = 1, ---, NL, The step of selecting Ai1 or Bi1 giving the peak and determining Di2, i = 1, ---, NL, (7) Di2, i = 1, ----, NL, and two groups of Ai2 and Bi2 To calculate the sum of values ai2 and bi2 for each group, then calculate the difference Δi2 = ai2−bi2 between them, calculate the correlation function with CL using all ± Δi2, and give the maximum peak Step of selecting Ai2 or Bi2 and determining it as Di3, i = 1, ---, NL, (8) Dir, r = log where the number of integrated signals of each CL chip is one set _And (9) determining the shift time of each Csir, i = 1, ---, NL from Dir, i = 1,-, NL. To do.

  The present invention relates to the above-described transmission signal generation detection method, wherein the transmission signal is a signal transmitted to the measurement target, and the measurement target information is a localized pulse calculated by detecting a signal based on the transmission signal from the measurement target. It is acquired using the aspect and / or characteristic of this invention.

A communication system using a code sequence according to the present invention for solving the problems of the conventional example and achieving the object described above uses a code sequence based on a generation detection method of a transmission signal using the code sequence. In a conventional communication system, input means for inputting source data to generate data, a code sequence for spreading including a sequence in which the data is mapped, and a pulse train for localization consisting of one or a plurality of pulses and localization A mapping means for generating a code sequence for spreading, and a spreading chip sequence obtained by multiplying a code sequence for spreading and a pulse of a pulse sequence for combining with a chip of a localization code sequence is multiplexed with respect to the pulse sequence for combining A multiplexed spread signal generating means for generating a multiplexed spread chip sequence having a multiplicity of 1 or more, and a conversion for generating a converted signal by converting at least one or a plurality of multiplexed spread chip sequences A transmission signal generating means for generating a transmission signal for generating a transmission signal from at least the converted signal, and a transmission means for generating the transmission signal from the transmission signal and transmitting it from one or a plurality of antennas. Transmission device, transmission signal detection means for receiving and detecting a transmission signal, converted signal processing means for acquiring a multiplexed spread chip sequence in the time domain or frequency domain from the conversion signal detected from the transmission signal, and acquired multiplexing Despreading means for despreading the spreading chip sequence included in the spreading chip sequence with a code sequence for spreading, and determining the code sequence by detecting the maximum peak of the localized pulse from the output signal of the despreading means A receiving device comprising a determining means and a decoding means for decoding source data from the determined code sequence;
Is a communication system using a code sequence characterized by

  In the communication system using the above-described code sequence, the present invention provides a multiplexed OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more obtained by multiplexing OFDM signals generated by a frequency division method defined for each multiplexed spreading chip sequence. The conversion means generates a multiplexed OFDM signal, the transmission signal detection means detects a multiplexed OFDM signal, and the conversion signal processing means converts the multiplexed OFDM signal of the transmission signal into the frequency domain. To obtain a multiplexed spread chip sequence of OFDM signals in the frequency domain.

  In the communication system using the above-described code sequence, the present invention provides a multiplexed signal having a multiplexing degree of 1 or more by multiplexing a wavelet OFDM signal generated with a predetermined wavelet and / or parameter setting for each multiplexed spreading chip sequence. A wavelet OFDM signal, wherein the converting means generates a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal, the transmission signal detecting means detects a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal, and the converted signal processing means is a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal. In this case, the wavelet coefficient of the wavelet OFDM signal representing the multiplexed spread chip sequence is obtained by detecting the wavelet coefficient.

  In the communication system using the code sequence described above, the transmission signal is a hopping signal generated by modulating a carrier wave to be hopped with at least a converted signal, and the transmission means generates the hopping signal. The signal detecting means detects and demodulates the hopping signal, and the converted signal processing means acquires a multiplexed spread chip sequence in the frequency domain or time domain from the converted signal of the transmission signal. .

  In the communication system using the code sequence described above, the transmission signal is a modulation signal generated by modulating a carrier wave with at least a conversion signal, and the transmission means generates the modulation signal. The means demodulates the modulated signal, and the converted signal processing means acquires the multiplexed spread chip sequence in the frequency domain or time domain from the converted signal of the transmission signal.

  In the communication system using the above-described code sequence, the present invention is such that the transmission signal is a signal composed of at least a converted signal, the transmission means generates the transmission signal, and the transmission signal detection means is at least from the converted signal. The converted signal processing means acquires a multiplexed spread chip sequence in the frequency domain or the time domain from the converted signal of the transmitted signal.

The present invention is a transmission device of a communication system using the above code sequence.
The present invention is a receiving device of a communication system using the above code sequence.

  A measurement system using a code sequence according to the present invention for solving the above-described problems of the conventional example and achieving the above object is to use a code sequence based on the transmission signal generation and detection method using the code sequence. In the measurement system used, a spread chip sequence obtained by multiplying a code sequence chip for spreading and a code sequence chip for combination and a chip for localization code sequence is multiplexed with respect to the chip of the code sequence for combination. A spread signal generating unit that generates a multiplexed spread chip sequence having a multiplicity of 1 or more, a conversion unit that generates a converted signal from one or a plurality of multiplexed spread chip sequences, and a transmission signal from at least the converted signal A transmission apparatus comprising: a transmission signal generating means for generating a transmission signal for transmission; a transmission means for generating a transmission signal based on the transmission signal and sending the transmission signal to an object; and detecting the transmission signal Included in the transmission signal detection means, the spreading chip string acquisition means for acquiring the multiplexed spreading chip string in the time domain or the frequency domain from the converted signal of the transmission signal, and the multiplexed spreading chip string acquired by the spreading chip string acquisition means Detecting means for despreading the spread chip sequence with a code sequence for spreading the diffusion chip sequence to generate a code sequence for combination, and a code sequence for combination at least from the output of the detection means And a receiving device including a measuring means for detecting information on an object by detecting a mode of the localized pulse. .

  According to the present invention, in the measurement system using the above-described code sequence, the converted signal is a multiplexed OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more, and the converting means generates and multiplexes the OFDM signal from the multiplexed spreading chip sequence and converts it. A multiplexed OFDM signal that is a signal, a transmission unit that generates and transmits a transmission signal based on the multiplexed OFDM signal, a transmission signal detection unit that detects a transmission signal, The spreading chip sequence acquisition means is characterized in that the multiplexed OFDM signal of the transmission signal is converted into the frequency domain to acquire a multiplexed spreading chip sequence represented by the frequency domain OFDM signal.

  According to the present invention, in the measurement system using the above code sequence, the converted signal is a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more, and the converting means generates and multiplexes the wavelet OFDM signal from the multiplexed spread chip sequence. A multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal that is a converted signal, and a transmission means generates and transmits a transmission signal based on the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal, and a transmission signal detection means detects the transmission signal. The spreading chip sequence acquisition means acquires the multiplexed spreading chip sequence represented by the wavelet coefficient of the wavelet OFDM signal from the wavelet coefficient calculated from the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal of the transmission signal.

  According to the present invention, in the measurement system using the code sequence described above, the wavelet coefficient of the wavelet OFDM signal is expressed from the wavelet coefficient calculated by the spreading chip sequence acquisition unit from the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal of the transmission signal according to claim 25. Instead of obtaining a multiplexed spread chip sequence, a multiplexed spread chip sequence is obtained by DFT transforming a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal of a transmission signal.

  In the present invention, since a transmission signal is generated based on a multiplexed spread chip sequence obtained by spreading and multiplexing a code sequence chip with a spreading code sequence, a despreading process and a localization process are performed in series for detection of the transmission signal. Thus, it is possible to perform detection continuously, and both the narrow-band noise and the wide-band noise can be removed from the detection signal, and the SN ratio improvement rate becomes larger than any of the conventional methods.

  In addition, in a transmission signal using a multiplexed OFDM signal or a converted signal that is a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal generated by transforming and multiplexing the multiplexed spread chip sequence so as to be orthogonal at least in the frequency domain, the received transmission signal is The S / N ratio is further greatly improved by the synergistic effect of the conversion processing to the frequency domain, the despreading processing, and the localization processing. As a result, it is possible to obtain a multiplexed spread chip sequence for each OFDM signal, and when data is included in the transmission signal, the transmission rate is set to the multiplexing degree of the multiplexed OFDM signal or multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal and the multiplexed spread chip sequence. The speed can be increased synergistically with the multiplicity of the. In particular, in the high-speed region, it is possible to increase the speed with a lower amplitude value than in the conventional method, and the requirement for the linearity of the amplifier is reduced.

  On the other hand, in the measurement system, attenuation, absorption, reflection, radiation, scattering, etc. related to the measurement object are performed by irradiating the measurement object with transmission signals of various energy media based on the conversion signal and measuring the mode of the localized pulse Information such as transmission, delay time, distance, and propagation medium information can be acquired with a high S / N ratio improvement rate. However, the information that can be acquired is not limited to these.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for generating a multiplexed spread chip sequence in which a code sequence LC is one cycle in a transmission apparatus using code sequences according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of generating a multiplexed spread chip sequence in which a code sequence LC is used for a plurality of periods in a transmission apparatus using a code sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a plurality of multiplexed spreading chip sequences in which chips are converted in parallel into subbands in the transmission apparatus using code sequences according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing multiplexed spreading chip sequences allocated to each subband in time series in the transmission apparatus using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a converted signal in the transmission apparatus using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a localized pulse detection method in the receiving apparatus using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a communication system using a code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing input means in the transmission apparatus of the communication system using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing multiplexed spread signal generating means in the transmission apparatus of the communication system using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing conversion means for generating a multiplexed OFDM signal in the transmission apparatus of the communication system using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing conversion means for generating a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal in the transmission apparatus of the communication system using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing converted OFDM signal processing means in the receiving apparatus of the communication system using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing converted signal processing means for the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal in the receiving apparatus of the communication system using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a detection means in the receiving apparatus of the communication system using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing determination means in the receiving apparatus of the communication system using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing decoding means in the receiving apparatus of the communication system using the code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a measurement system using a code sequence according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 illustrates a method of deleting a delay wave superimposed on a transmission signal using a code sequence in a preamble instead of removing a delay wave using GI. FIG. 19 shows an M sequence in which the code sequence LC for localization in FIG. 1a has a code length of 7, and a code sequence CC for combining b-1 has a code length of 1 and a polarity of +. A simulation waveform of a baseband signal when the code sequence SC for spreading c−1 is an M sequence having a code length 63 and mapping data 0 is shown. FIG. 20 illustrates a method for generating and detecting a multiplexed diffusion chip sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A transmission signal generation method and transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention include a spreading code sequence (hereinafter also referred to as SC) and a coupling code sequence (coupling code; hereinafter referred to as CC). A code for combination of a spreading chip sequence obtained by multiplying a chip of a name) and a code sequence for localization (Localizing Code; hereinafter also referred to as a localization code sequence or LC). Based on a converted signal generated by generating a multiplexed spread chip sequence having a multiplicity of 1 or more multiplexed with respect to the chips of the sequence, and converting the multiplexed spread chip sequence or the scrambled multiplexed spread chip sequence Thus, a transmission signal is generated. Thereby, the transmission signal which can embody a big SN ratio improvement rate on the receiving side can be generated.

The code sequence (SC) for spreading is a code sequence for spreading pulses. In this embodiment, the SCs are combined at the CC chip and then multiplexed to form a multiplexed signal, which is used to spread the LC chip with the multiplexed signal. Specifically, in this embodiment, SC is
1. The data is mapped, i.e. cyclically shifted according to the data,
2. When the code length of the code sequence (CC) for combination is 1, after the data is mapped, the code sequence (LC) chip for localization is spread.
3. When the CC code length is 2 or more, data is mapped in a plurality of SCs, and then combined and multiplexed by CCs to spread the LC chip.

The basic state of the SC is determined in advance and stored in a memory, for example, and is given as a chip row of SC = (1, 1, 1, −1, −1, 1, −1). . The SC chip row can be realized by using, for example, a shift register. When mapping data to the SC, as an example, the state of the chip row is set to 0,
Data 0: (1,1,1, -1, -1, -1,1, -1)
Data 1: (-1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1)
Data 2: (1, -1,1,1,1, -1, -1, -1)
Data 3: (-1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1)
Thus, the relationship between the SC and the data is set. For example, data 1 is data obtained by cyclically shifting the state of data 0 by one to the right.

  The code sequence (CC) for combining is a code sequence for multiplexing a plurality of spreading code pulse sequences by linearly combining them. In the present embodiment, the CC subordinates the spread code pulse sequence by multiplying the CC chip by the spread code pulse sequence. At the same time, in the present embodiment, the CC chip despread by the SC is localized to generate a localized pulse to facilitate its detection.

  In the present embodiment, by using the CC, the multiplicity of the chip sequence after multiplexing and the code length of the CC become equal. Therefore, at the time of detection, the chip of the code sequence (SC) for each spreading is separated. By localizing this chip with the CC, a localized signal for the CC is generated. In the SC despreading, each SC has a shift state equal to the code length, and therefore the despreading is performed the same number of times as the SC shift time is changed. Whether or not despreading is performed with a correct shift time can be determined by detecting a CC localized pulse and measuring a set of shift times that gives the maximum pulse.

  Further, the localization code sequence (LC) calculates a localization signal from a chip composed of CC localization signals, detects the maximum localization pulse, and determines the SC shift time. This is a code sequence used for this purpose.

  In the detection of the maximum localized pulse, each CC chip is separated by despreading the received signal corresponding to each LC chip while changing the SC shift time. As an example, the code length of the LC is 7, the code length of the CC is 3, and the code lengths of the corresponding three types of SC are 7. It should be noted that the type and basic state of each series of LC and CC are initially set, and the types and basic states of the three types of SC are also initially set, and the shift state changes according to data.

  In this case, in the present embodiment, first, the shift time of the first SC is changed and the first chip of the CC is multiplied and despreading is performed. In this process, despreading is performed for each of the seven shift states in the first SC. The despreading is performed by multiplying a signal obtained by multiplying SC (that is, spread by SC) with the same SC again.

  Similarly, the shift times of the second and third SCs are changed, and the shift times of the second and third SCs corresponding to the received signals corresponding to the respective LC chips are cyclically shifted, multiplied, and despread. Is done. In order to separate the three CC chips by despreading, 7 × 7 × 7 = 343 processes related to despreading are executed.

  Subsequently, the CC localization signal is calculated using all 343 despread values, and the maximum localization pulse is detected. Note that the localized signal is maximized when the shift time coincides with the shift time of the transmission signal in all three SC groups. Instead of detecting the CC localized pulse after completing all despreading processes, the received signals are despread by sequentially cyclically shifting the shift times of the three types of SCs. The CC localization signal may be calculated and the maximum value may be detected to determine the maximum localization pulse.

  As the noise included in the transmission signal increases, the CC maximization signal obtained in this way cannot be detected, and data may not be detected. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, therefore, the LC localization signal is calculated using all 343 despread values of each chip, and the maximum localization pulse obtained is calculated as the LC localization pulse. Detect as. Since the LC localized pulse is given when the SCs are correctly matched in all chips, it is possible to detect the shift state of each SC and hence the data by storing this state. .

  However, in order to obtain the LC localized pulse, despreading for 7 chips each of 343 (7 to the cube of 7) times and calculation of localized signal detection for LC are performed. About 10 18) operations are performed. In order to speed up the calculation, localized pulse detection as described later is performed.

  The basic state of the LC is predetermined and stored in a memory or the like, for example, and is given as a chip row of LC = (1, 1, 1, −1, −1, 1, −1). . The LC can be realized using a shift register, for example.

  In the present embodiment, a code sequence such as an M sequence, a Gold code sequence, and a pinch code sequence can be used for the SC. In addition, for the CC, an M sequence having a code length of 1 or more, a Gold code sequence, a pinch code sequence, or the like can be used. Furthermore, for the LC, an M sequence having a code length of 1 or more, a Gold code sequence, a pinch code sequence, or the like can be used. A code sequence with a code length of 1 is a pulse with an amplitude of +1 or -1.

  Also, a transmission signal detection method and apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention detects the above transmission signal, acquires a multiplexed spread chip sequence in the time domain or frequency domain from the converted signal, and the spread chip sequence Is despread with a code sequence for spreading of the spreading chip sequence to generate a code sequence for combination, and at least a localized pulse is detected from the code sequence for combination. A localized pulse of a code sequence having a code length of 1 is a positive pulse whose amplitude is proportional to the amplitude of the code sequence. As a result, the receiving apparatus can detect the transmission signal with a large S / N ratio improvement rate.

Further, a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-described transmission device and reception device, and the transmission signal is data mapped to several types of code sequences, code sequence shift times and / or polarities. In addition, data transmission can be performed with a high S / N ratio improvement rate even over a communication channel in which narrowband noise and broadband noise are superimposed. From this transmission signal, localized pulses are detected with a high signal-to-noise ratio improvement rate as described above, and the transmission rate is determined by the multiplicity of the multiplexed spread chip sequence and the conversion signal generated by converting and multiplexing the multiplicity. The speed is increased synergistically with the multiplicity.

In addition, the symbol length can be shortened by using a high S / N ratio to increase the speed. Note that the control signal, preamble, and the like included in the transmission signal can be converted into a converted signal in the same manner as data, and then the transmission signal can be generated, but may be sent in another format or method.

  A measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention sends a transmission signal based on a converted signal generated by converting a multiplexed diffusion chip sequence to an object, detects the transmission signal from the object, and multiplexes the converted signal from the converted signal. The information on the object is acquired by detecting the localized diffusion chip sequence, detecting the localized pulse from the signal obtained by despreading the diffusion chip sequence. As a result, it is possible to measure an object in a noisy environment.

  A transmission signal generation method and transmission apparatus using a code sequence according to the present invention, a transmission signal detection method using a code sequence, and the principle and configuration method of a reception apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings. In order to generate the spreading chip sequence of FIG. 1 for generating a transmission signal, k sets of SC, CC, and LC chips are stacked for each LC chip, where k is a positive integer. In particular, the code length of CC and LC is preferably 1 or more, and the code length of SC is preferably 7 or more. In addition, the multiplexed spreading chip row is multiplexed by multiplying a chip with different SC and CC and an LC chip, or by multiplying with a chip with different SC and CC and multiplexing this signal with an LC chip. Can be generated by multiplying. For these sets of code sequences SC, combinations of different types of sequences or the same types of sequences can be used as long as they can be identified. Instead of FIG. 1, a transmission signal may be generated and transmitted / received based on the multiplexed spread chip sequence having the configuration of FIG.

In FIG. 1, a represents LC, and the chips are CL ₁ , ----, and CL _NL . Here, NL indicates the code length of LC.

b-1, ----, and b-3 are CCs. In order to simplify the explanation, in this example, the code length is 3, and the chips are 1, -1, and 1 respectively. Note that the multiplicity m of the generated multiplexed spreading chip sequence is equal to the code length of the CC, and is 3 in this example, but the CC can be selected to have a code length of 1 or more. Also, CC has the same value for CL ₁ , ----, and CL _NL , but a code sequence may be selected for each CL _j (j = 1, ---, NL). it can. Here, j represents the jth chip of the LC. In the b-1 chip row, CC _{(j, 1)} corresponds to CL _j (j = 1, ---, NL). The same applies to the chip rows b-2 and b-3.

Moreover, c-1, ----, and c-3 represent SC sets in which data is mapped at the shift time. K sets of SCs are included for CL _j (j = 1, ----, NL). Different types of code sequences can be used for these SCs, or the same type of code sequences can be used within a detectable range. Note that NS in the figure indicates the code length of the SC. Further, CS _{(1, j, 1) to} CS _{(1, j, kNS)} in c-1 correspond to CL _j (j = 1, ----, NL), respectively. This also applies to c-2 and c-3.

spreading chip sequence _CP corresponding to CL ₁ of _{d-1 (1,1,1), ----} , CP (1,1, kNS) is the corresponding CC of CL ₁ and b-1 chip and c It is generated by multiplying the corresponding SC of -1. Similarly, spreading chip sequence corresponding to CL ₁ of the spreading chip sequence and d-3 corresponds to CL ₁ of d-2 is generated. Next, these diffusion chip sequences are multiplexed to generate multiplexed diffusion chip sequences CM _(1,1) ,- _{(-, kNS)} corresponding to CL ₁ of e. In particular, when the converted signal is generated by converting a multiplexed spread chip sequence into signals orthogonal to each other at least in the frequency domain and multiplexing the number, the number of multiplexed spread chip sequences equal to the multiplicity of the converted signal is provided for each LC chip. Generated. Similarly, a multiplexed spread chip sequence for CL _j (j = 2, ----, NL) is generated. Note that the arrangement of these (k × NL × NS) (hereinafter, also referred to as kNLNS) chips is not limited to the above, and may be performed in a predetermined order such as scrambled. Further, the converted signal may be a multiplexed spread pulse train.

Further, the multiplexed diffusion chip array may be generated by using FIG. 2 instead of FIG. In FIG. 2, a represents LC, and k sets of LCs are continuously arranged in the time axis direction, and the chip arrangement thereof is CL _(1,1) , ----, CL _{(1, NL)} , CL ₍₂ , ₁₎ , ---, CL _{(2, NL)} , ---, CL _{(k, NL)} .

b-1, ----, and b-3 are CCs. In order to simplify the explanation, in this example, the code length is 3, and the chips are 1, -1, and 1. Since the multiplicity m of the generated multiplexed spreading chip sequence is equal to the code length of the CC, it is 3 in this example, but the CC can be selected to have a code length of 1 or more. In this example, CC has the same value for CL _(1,1) , ----, CL _{(k, NL)} , but a code sequence can be selected for each LC chip. . Further, c-1, ---, and c-3 represent a set of SCs in which data is mapped at the shift time. Each chip (i = 1,-, k, j = 1, ----, NL) represented by CL _{(i, j)} has a different kind of code sequence or the same kind of code within a detectable range. SCs consisting of series are multiplied.

The diffusion chip row CP _(1,1,1,1) ,- _(-) , CP _{(1, k, NL, NS)} of d-1 is CL _(1,1) , ---, CL _{(k, NL)} , the chip corresponding to b-1 and the SC corresponding to c-1 are multiplied and generated. Similarly, d-2 and d-3 diffusion chip sequences corresponding to CL _{(i, j)} are generated (i = 1, ---, k, j = 1, ----, NL). .

Next, these diffusion chip sequences are multiplexed to obtain multiplexed diffusion chip sequences CM _{(i, j, 1)} , ------, CM _{(i, j, NS )} corresponding to CL _{(i, j)} of e. ₎ Is generated (i = 1, ---, k, j = 1, ----, NL). This chip array corresponds to each LC (CM _(1,1,1) ---- CM _{(1, NL, NS)} ), (CM _(2,1,1) ---- CM _{(2 , NL, NS)} ), ----, (CM _{(k, 1, 1)} ---- CM _{(k, NL, NS)} ), the multiplexed spreading chip sequence is at least in the frequency domain. In the case of a converted signal generated by being converted into an orthogonal signal and multiplexed by the chip number kNLNS, the number of chips kNLNS is configured to be less than or equal to the number of subchannels n. Note that the arrangement of these kNLNS chips is not limited to the above, and may be performed in a predetermined order such as scrambled.

  FIG. 3 shows a time series in which (k × NL) (hereinafter also referred to as kNL) pairs of multiplexed spreading chip sequences having the code length NS shown in FIG. 1 are included, and the horizontal axis is the time axis. is there. In a-1, kNLNS chips are converted in parallel, and then mapped and then associated with the subchannel, and then subjected to IDFT (Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform) conversion or IDWT (Inverse Discrete Wavelet Transform) conversion. The number of chips in the multiplexed spread chip array is not limited to NS but is preferably a positive integer multiple of NS, but is not necessarily limited to this, and the number of chips may be determined in accordance with the number n of subbands. Although not shown in the figure, scrambled kNLNS chips may be converted in parallel and then mapped. An OFDM signal is generated and multiplexed using a different frequency division method for a required number of multiplexed spread chip arrays up to a-r, and a multiplexed OFDM signal with a multiplicity of r, which is one of the converted signals, is generated. can do. Similarly, a wavelet OFDM signal is generated and multiplexed by setting the wavelet scaling coefficient and / or shift parameter from each multiplexed diffusion chip array up to a-r in which chips are arranged in parallel. A multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal having a multiplicity of r, which is one of the converted signals, can be generated. A transmission signal is generated based on the multiplexed OFDM signal or the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal generated in this way. Similarly, a transmission signal based on a multiplexed OFDM signal or a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal generated by converting the multiplexed spreading chip sequence of FIG. 2 instead of the converted signal using the multiplexed spreading chip sequence of FIG. Can be generated.

FIG. 4 shows a time series of multiplexed spreading chip sequences for generating a converted signal by assigning a time series of multiplexed spreading chip sequences to each subband, and a- (u, 1), --- -, A- (u, r) (where u = 1, ----, n, the set) corresponds to r sets of multiplexed diffusion chips allocated to the u-th subband, and the horizontal axis Is the time axis. i is a specified number from 1 to r, and a chip CM _{(u, i, j)} synchronized with respect to j where u of a- (u, i) is 1 to n (where j = 1,- -, NS) is subjected to IDFT conversion by a frequency division method different for each i to generate an i-th OFDM signal. Similarly, OFDM signals are generated for all i and multiplexed to generate a multiplexed OFDM signal at j. Although FIG. 4 illustrates the case where a multiplexed spreading chip sequence having a code length of NS is converted, a multiplexed spreading chip sequence having a positive integer multiple of the code length may be used. When a wavelet is used, i is set to a specified number from 1 to r, a scaling factor and / or a shift parameter that is a wavelet parameter is set for each i by a predetermined method, and a- ( u, i) chip CM _{(u, i, j)} (where j = 1, ----, NS) synchronized with respect to j with u ranging from 1 to n is subjected to IDWT conversion to generate a wavelet OFDM signal. . This process is performed for all i in each j to generate a wavelet OFDM signal, which is multiplexed to generate a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal with a multiplicity of r. A transmission signal is generated based on these multiplexed OFDM signals or multiplexed wavelet OFDM signals. When k is 2 or more, the multiplexed diffusion chip array of FIG. 1 or 2 can be used for this type of converted signal.

  FIG. 5 illustrates a method for generating a transform signal applied to a multiplexed OFDM signal or a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal according to the present invention. However, this example shows a case where kNLNS chips are converted to n sets of subchannels with k being a positive integer. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, (k × NS) (hereinafter also referred to as kNS) May be converted into n sets of subchannels.

p _{(i, j)} (hereinafter referred to as a chip point ₎ indicated by a-0 represents the jth of kNS chips in the k sets of multiplexed spread chip arrays in the i-th chip of the LC. (I = 1, ----, NL, j = 1, ----, kNS). a-1, ----, and a-r represent the values of chips included in the multiplexed diffusion chip sequence of chip points, respectively, and are converted and multiplexed to become converted signals.

  b-1,---, and br are time axes on the horizontal axis, and kNLNS chips corresponding to a-1, ---, and ar are converted into parallel subchannels, respectively. 2 illustrates an OFDM signal generated by being allocated to the.

c represents a multiplexed OFDM signal generated by multiplexing these OFDM signals.
d is a subband G _{(i, j)} of time-frequency division of a multiplexed OFDM signal (where i = 1, ----, NL and j = 1, ----, kNS, hereinafter G _{(I, j)} is referred to as a frequency domain chip point ₎ and corresponds to p _{(i, j)} of a-0. Each G _{(i, j)} is g _{(i, j, 1)} , ----, g _{(i, j, r )} corresponding to the values of the corresponding chip points of a-1, ---, a- _{r. )} consists, NS is the code length of the _SC, the interval between the _{g (i, j, h)} and _{g (i, j, h +} 1) is the _{Δ (i, j, h)} ( where, h = 1, ----, r-1).

e represents the center frequency component of the subband of each OFDM signal included in the multiplexed OFDM signal according to the present invention, where the horizontal axis represents the frequency and the vertical axis represents the component size. G _{(i, j)} (where i = 1, ----, NL and j = 1, ----, kNS) is a spread of k sets of code length NS in the i-th chip of LC. Subbands corresponding to the j-th chip in the chip row, and g _{(i, j, 1)} , ----, g _{(i, j, r)} . Here, the interval between g _{(i, j, h)} and g _{(i, j, h + 1)} is Δ _{(i, j, h)} (where h = 1, ----, r-1). .

  The transmission signal includes the multiplexed spread chip sequence signal of e of FIG. 1, the multiplexed OFDM signal of FIG. 5 c, etc., but is not limited thereto, and is generated based on the converted signal, Multiplexed spread chip sequence, impulse sequence thereof, modulated signal generated by modulating carrier wave with any of them, hopping signal generated by modulating hopping carrier wave, generated from multiplexed spread chip sequence and orthogonal in at least frequency range Modulated signal or hopping generated by modulating a carrier wave with signals orthogonal to each other in these frequency regions or multiplexed signals such as multiplexed OFDM signals and multiplexed wavelet OFDM signals in which OFDM signals and wavelet OFDM signals are multiplexed A hopping signal generated by modulating a carrier wave to be transmitted is included. An OFDM signal or a wavelet OFDM signal is composed of a real signal or a complex signal. The transmission signal can include a preamble, a postamble, a control signal, a synchronization signal, and the like.

Next, a method for obtaining a multiplexed spread chip sequence in the frequency domain from the converted signal will be described. A frequency domain chip point obtained by DFT or DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) conversion of the converted signal is defined as G _{(i, j)} (where i = 1, ----, NL and j = 1, ---- -, KNS), and the set of components at that point is (g _{(i, j, 1)} , g _{(i, j, 2)} , ---, g _{(i, j, r)} ). If the Ra and Rf and the number of chips points respectively preceding and following that affects the chip points _{G (i, j), G} (i, j) is a point in the vicinity of the preceding and components of the chip points ( Influences from r × Ra) and the following (r × Rf) components are added. Therefore, the value of the u-th point among r (Ra + Rf) + r points taken near G _{(i, j)} is represented by _su (where u = 1, ---, r (Ra + Rf) + r), If the value of each component at the point is x _v (v = 1, 2,..., R (Ra + Rf) + r), and the coefficient of x _v is a _{(u, v)} , equation (1) is established.

In equation (1), a _{(u, v)} uses a model obtained by DFT transform of a multiplexed OFDM signal for a multiplexed OFDM signal, and a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal for a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal. It can be determined in advance using the converted model. If the multiplicity of the converted signal is r, a matrix whose elements are a _{(u, v)} (where u, v = 1, ----, r (Ra + Rf + 1)) is represented by A, x _v from equation (1). (v = 1, ----, r (Ra + Rf + 1)) a column vector and a column vector X and s _u to the element as S, formula (2) is obtained.

  From equation (2)

  As a result, the value of the frequency domain of the chip of each multiplexed diffusion chip array is obtained. Note that Ra = Rf when the preceding chip and the subsequent chip have symmetrical effects. The frequency domain components obtained in this way are rearranged so as to represent a multiplexed spread chip array as necessary.

  Instead of generating and demodulating wavelet signals by a combination of IDWT conversion and DWT conversion, frequency components corresponding to FIG. 5 and d are calculated from wavelet OFDM signals generated by IDWT conversion using short-period DFT conversion, and DWT conversion is performed. The multiplexed diffusion chip sequence may be obtained by calculating the chip value of the multiplexed diffusion chip sequence in the same manner as described above.

  Next, a method for detecting localized pulses from the acquired multiplexed diffusion chip array will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6A illustrates a multiplexed spreading chip sequence having a code length of NLNs acquired in the time domain or the frequency domain from a transmission signal generated by the same method as e in FIG. However, in order to simplify the explanation, k = 1 was set. Further, b-1, ---, and b-3 in FIG. 6 correspond to the code sequences SC of FIGS. 1c-1, ---, and c-3. In FIG. 6, a and b-1 are multiplied synchronously to generate c-1. Similarly, c-2 is generated from a and b-2, and c-3 is generated from a and b-3. c-1,..., c-3 are signals obtained by multiplying the chip of the code sequence CC and the chip of the code sequence LC, and d representing the LC is generated by being localized with respect to the code sequence CC. The Although not shown in FIG. 6, a multiplexed spread chip sequence corresponding to a in FIG. 6 is obtained from the converted signal generated by multiplexing the converted k sets of multiplexed spread chip sequences at the multiplicity r. kr sets are acquired, and all of them are processed until the localized pulse detection of the code sequence LC. The above processing is performed on all multiplexed diffusion chip arrays in the same chip of the LC. Furthermore, e can be obtained by localizing the localized pulse of d with respect to LC. Note that these processing methods can be applied to data communication and measurement.

  Next, a data transmission method when data is included in the transmission signal will be described. The data is a binary pulse train generated by processing the input source data including error correction coding. This data is converted into a predetermined format in order to be mapped to the type, shift time and / or amplitude of at least one of LC, CC and SC code sequences.

As an example, a case where the converted signal is a multiplexed OFDM signal or a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal and the data is mapped only in the SC shift time in which the code length is NS will be described. The time width of the LC chip is k times the time length of the multiplexed diffusion chip sequence, the number of multiplexed diffusion chip sequences included in each chip is k, and the SC in which the data of each multiplexed diffusion chip sequence is mapped This number of kNLNS chips is carried by nd, where n is the number of chips, r is the multiplicity of the multiplexed OFDM signal or multiplexed wavelet signal, and LL is the number of LC chips having the multiplexed spread chip array to which the data is mapped. The amount of data is (k × nd × LL × r × log ₂ NS) bits. This data is detected by detecting the shift time of the code sequence SC. This data amount is a case where nd and k are set equal in all multiplexed diffusion chip arrays, but they can be set differently. It is also possible to set a set of conversion signals by setting k, nd, and r to different values for each LC chip. In a noisy environment, it is difficult to detect a specific spreading chip sequence from the multiplexed spreading chip sequence. In addition, if the multiplexing level of the multiplexed spreading chip sequence is large, interference occurs, and detection is difficult even in a low noise environment. It is. Therefore, in the present invention, the SNR is improved by detecting the localized pulse of the code sequence CC which is the first localized pulse under the condition that the localized pulse of the code sequence CC can be detected. To decide. This processing detects the maximum localized pulse for CC from a signal obtained by sequentially multiplying each multiplexed diffusion chip sequence by SC shift time or multiplying SCs having different shift times in parallel. SC and CC are determined, and LC is further determined from CC. In this case, the code length of the code sequence LC may be omitted by setting the code length of the LC to 1. Further, especially for a low noise signal, the code sequence NC = 1 and NL of the code sequence (CC) for combining is a required code length, or multiplexed spreading with NC = 1 and NL = 1. A conversion signal can be generated using the chip array. On the other hand, if it is difficult to detect the CC localized pulse, the CC localized pulse train is used as the LC chip train, and the LC localized pulse as the second localized pulse is detected and judged. Each code sequence is determined. Note that the determination of the code sequence according to the present invention is to determine the shift time and / or polarity of the code sequence for a transmission signal using a known code sequence, and to the code for a transmission signal using an unknown code sequence. Including determining the type of sequence and determining the shift time and / or polarity. The data represented by the determined code sequence, the shift time and / or polarity of the code sequence is inversely transformed to calculate data, and then the source data is decoded from this data. Note that an OFDM signal or wavelet OFDM signal of a multiplexed spread chip sequence in which chips are mapped to multilevel PSK, PAM, ASK, etc. in the order of the multiplexed spread chip sequence represents a multiplexed spread chip sequence in the frequency domain. Despread at SC.

Further, the 2 ^k different code sequences and SC k-bit data is associated, it is possible to increase the speed by using the SC. Further, the data can be mapped to the shift time and / or polarity of the SC to further increase the speed. In this case, as one method of suppressing an increase in the number of types of code sequences, a combination of a plurality of SCs with polarity can be used, and a spread chip sequence can be configured and multiplexed for each SC. Furthermore, data can be mapped to CC and / or LC.

  Next, the measurement method of the present invention will be described. On the transmission side, a transmission signal is generated and transmitted from a predetermined conversion signal or a plurality of conversion signals switched by a predetermined procedure. The transmission signal generated in this manner includes a multiplexed spreading chip sequence, its impulse sequence, a modulation signal generated by modulating a carrier with any of them, a hopping signal generated by modulating a hopping carrier, and multiplexed spreading. Signals orthogonal to each other in these frequency regions, such as OFDM signals and wavelet OFDM signals generated from a chip array, which are orthogonal in the frequency domain, such as multiplexed OFDM signals and multiplexed wavelet OFDM signals. A modulated signal generated by modulating a carrier wave with an oscillating signal, a quadrature modulated signal, or a hopping signal generated by modulating a carrier wave to be hopped are included, but the types of signals are not limited to these. The transmitted signal is reflected by the object, or after being subjected to the action of absorption, dispersion, diffraction, etc., and then detected as a transmission signal, a fluorescence radiation signal, a black body radiation signal, or a reflection signal, etc. Information about the object can be acquired. In addition, the transmission signal can be detected, and the distance between the measurement transmission device, the object, and the measurement reception device and information on the medium can be acquired. Furthermore, the result can be measured while controlling or controlling the state of the object, for example, the quantum state, using a part or all of the transmission signal.

FIG. 7 shows a configuration example of a transmission system using a code sequence according to the present invention. The transmission system 1 using a code sequence includes a transmitting device 2, a receiver 3, and an exchange means 4. The transmission apparatus 2 communicates with the input means 21, the multiplexed spread signal generation means 23, the conversion means 24, the transmission signal generation means 25, the transmission means 26, the control means 22, and the exchange 4 and / or the reception apparatus 3. Means 27 are provided, and each means is controlled by the control means 22 in synchronization with the clock. On the other hand, the reception device 3 communicates with the transmission signal detection means 31, the conversion signal processing means 32, the detection means 33, the determination means 34, the decoding means 35, the display / output means 36, the exchange 4 and / or the transmission apparatus 2. The communication means 37, the control means 38, and the synchronous detection means 39 to perform are provided, and each means is controlled synchronizing with the clock of the control means 38. The synchronization detection means can capture the synchronization of the detected transmission signal, estimate the channel condition using the pilot signal, and detect and predict periodic noise to remove it.
Although not shown in FIG. 7, the transmission device 2 and the exchange means 4 and between the exchange means 4 and the receiver 3 use one or more antennas to improve transmission characteristics, increase the data rate, etc. It can be performed.

  FIG. 8 illustrates the input means 21. The input means 21 generates data by performing scramble processing, Reed-Solomon encoding processing, convolution operation processing, puncturing processing, interleaving processing, parity check processing, and the like on the input source data. The processing performed on the source data is not limited to these, and can be added / deleted / changed according to the communication environment.

  FIG. 9 illustrates the multiplexed spread signal generating means 23 of the present invention. The code sequence generation unit 231 uses the basic state of each code sequence stored in a memory (not shown) or the like and given in advance, for example, the basic state LC, b-1 to b- Basic state CC for 3 and basic state SC for c-1 to c-3 are generated. On the other hand, data can generally be mapped to any of SC, CC, and LC. Therefore, for example, if the number of CC chips and the number of LC chips are VC and LL, respectively, the data format conversion unit 235 performs format conversion into NS decimal (VC × LL) digits. In particular, when VC is 1, the number of digits is LL digits. Then, the data whose format is converted into a required code sequence by the data mapping unit 232 is mapped, and c-1 to c-3 in FIG. 1 or c-1 to c-3 in FIG. 2 are generated. The product unit 233 uses the chip sequence generated by the data mapping unit 232, and multiplies the SC, CC, and LC chips to perform d-1 to d-3 in FIG. 1 or FIG. Required diffusion chip arrays d-1 to d-3 are generated. Next, in the multiplexing unit 234, the spread chip sequence generated by the product unit 233 is multiplexed to generate the multiplexed spread chip sequence of e of FIG. 1 or e of FIG.

  FIG. 10 illustrates the conversion means 24 for generating an OFDM signal. The required number of multiplexed spreading chip sequences are subjected to serial / parallel conversion by the mapping unit 241a and then mapped, and IDFT processing is performed by the IDFT unit 242a to generate an OFDM signal. This process is repeated r times equal to the multiplicity of the converted signal by changing the frequency division method, and the generated r sets of OFDM signals are multiplexed by the multiplexing unit 243a to generate a multiplexed OFDM signal which is a converted signal. (R is a natural number). Next, the guard interval GI is inserted by the GI insertion unit 244a and output to the transmission signal generation means 25 as a real signal or a complex signal. The method for inserting the GI of the OFDM signal is well known to those skilled in the art.

  The transmission signal generation unit 25 in FIG. 10 inserts a preamble and / or a postamble after the conversion signal into which the GI is inserted, but the signal inserted by the transmission signal generation unit 25 is not limited to this.

  FIG. 11 illustrates the conversion means 24 for wavelet OFDM signals. The required number of multiplexed spreading chip sequences indicated by e in FIG. 1 or e in FIG. 2 is subjected to serial / parallel conversion by the IDWT mapping unit 241b, mapped, and subjected to IDWT processing by the IDWT unit 242b. Wavelet OFDM signals 1 to b-r are generated. This process is repeated r times equal to the multiplicity of the converted signal while changing the parameter setting, and the generated r sets of wavelet OFDM signals are multiplexed by the IDWT multiplexing unit 243b to obtain a multiplexed wavelet OFDM which is a converted signal. A signal is generated and output to the transmission signal generating means 25 as a real signal or a complex signal.

  The transmission signal generating means 25 in FIG. 11 inserts a preamble before and / or a postamble after the converted signal, but the signal that can be inserted is not limited to this.

  The output signal of the transmission signal generation means 25 is input to the transmission means 26, and a transmission signal is generated and transmitted. In this example, the transmission signal is transmitted to the receiving device via the switching device 4, but is directly transmitted to the receiving device in a data transmission system configured without using the switching device 4.

  FIG. 12 illustrates the converted signal processing means 32 of the receiving apparatus 3 that receives a transmission signal that is a multiplexed OFDM signal having a multiplicity of one or more. The conversion signal detected from the transmission signal by the detection unit 31 is subjected to GI removal by the GI removal unit 3211 of the conversion signal processing unit 32, converted to the frequency domain by the DFT by the DFT unit 3212, and the DFT multiplexed spread chip sequence acquisition unit In 3213, the component of the chip point of each frequency domain is acquired based on the formula (3), and each multiplexed spread chip sequence is acquired from these components.

  FIG. 18 illustrates a method of deleting a delay wave superimposed on a transmission signal using a code sequence in a preamble instead of removing a delay wave using GI. In this embodiment, when the symbol length is shortened by wavelet OFDM signal communication to increase the speed, or when the GI is deleted by OFDM signal communication to increase the speed, a method of removing this delayed wave is used. In the converted signal processing means 32 of FIG. 13, a delayed wave caused by multipath or the like is removed utilizing a large SNR improvement rate.

  FIG. 18A-1 illustrates a transmission signal in which a code sequence having a period T is included in the preamble, followed by a pulse train or other converted signal representing other information. As a code sequence, an M sequence is preferable because it has a unique autocorrelation function peak, and its length may be two or more periods.

  a-2 represents a delayed wave in which the transmission signal is delayed by time d1, and the pulse train from time 2T to 2T + d1 is equal to the portion 2T-d1 to 2T of the waveform of a-1. a-3 is a delayed wave obtained by delaying the transmission signal by time d2, and although not described, the pulse train from 2T to 2T + d2 is equal to the 2T-d2 to 2T portion of the transmission waveform. Although not shown in the figure, the received wave is obtained by superimposing these delayed waves generated by reflection on the transmission signal.

  b-1 represents a correlation function between the received wave in which the delay wave of a-2 and a-3 is superimposed on the transmission signal of a-1, and the code sequence. In b-1 shown in FIG. 18, the pulse of the correlation function of the transmission signal, the pulse of the correlation function of the delayed wave of the delay time d1, and the pulse of the correlation function of the delayed wave of the delay time d2 at time 0, d1, and d2, respectively. Has occurred. The amplitudes of these pulses represent the intensity of the transmission signal and each delayed wave, respectively.

  c-1 shows a waveform obtained by removing the delayed wave from the received wave. In the time segment D1 from 2T to 2T + d1 of the received signal, the pulse segment from the time segment 2T-d1 to 2T of the transmission signal by the first delay wave and the time segment 2T-d2 to 2T + d1-d2 of the transmission signal by the second delay wave Since the pulse train up to is superimposed, the correlation function between the received wave and the code sequence is calculated to obtain the localized pulse, and the corresponding time whose amplitude is corrected using the delay time and the amplitude of the pulse Are subtracted from the 2T to 2T + d1 time segment of the received wave to detect the c-1 transmission signal of the time segment D1 from which the delayed wave has been removed.

  In the time segment D2 from 2T + d1 to 2T + 2d1 of the received signal, from the first delayed wave composed of the pulse sequence from the time segment 2T to 2T + d1 of the transmission signal a-1, and from the pulse sequence of the transmission signal from the time segment 2T + d1-d2 to 2T + 2d1-d2. The amplitude and delay time of the second delayed wave are corrected and removed according to the above correlation function, and the transmission signal c-1 of the time section D2 from which the delayed wave is removed is detected.

  Thereafter, similarly, the delay wave is removed from the time section Dn from 2T + (n−1) d1 to 2T + nd1 of the received signal, and the transmission signal of c−1 is detected.

  The transmission signal c-1 is subjected to despreading processing and then localization processing, the shift time of the spreading code sequence is detected, and data is calculated.

  In the above, the code sequence arranged in the preamble may be transmitted as a pulse train, or may be transmitted after being converted into a sine wave, cosine wave, wavelet pulse or the like. In particular, in wavelet OFDM and OFDM, these waveforms are generated and transmitted for each subchannel, and on the receiving side, they are detected for each subchannel, or these waveforms are serial-parallel converted and assigned to the subchannels. An OFDM or OFDM signal is generated and transmitted, and on the receiving side, these detected waveforms can be parallel-serial converted to obtain a multiplexed spread pulse train. The transform signal includes, but is not limited to, a Fourier transform signal, an impulse train, a wavelet OFDM signal subchannel signal, and an OFDM signal subchannel signal. In particular, in the wavelet OFDM signal and the converted signal composed of the OFDM signal, the delayed wave is removed for each subchannel by the method shown in FIG. 18, or the interpolated value based on the delayed wave of the specific channel or the delayed signal is used. May be used to remove the delayed wave of the channel.

  FIG. 13 illustrates the converted signal processing means 32 of the receiving apparatus 3 that receives a transmission signal that is a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal having a multiplicity of one or more. The converted signal detected from the transmission signal by the detection means 31 is DWT converted by the DWT unit 3221, and the component of the chip point in each frequency domain is acquired by the DWT multiplexed spread chip sequence acquisition unit 3222 based on Expression (3). Each multiplexed diffusion chip sequence shown in FIG. 5e is obtained from these components.

  FIG. 14 illustrates the detectable means 33 of the present invention. The output signal of the de-mapping unit 331 is de-spread by multiplying the SC by the de-spreading unit 332, but is a signal in which multi-level PSK, APM, ASK, etc. are mapped in the order of the chips of the multiplexed spread chip sequence In this case, since the output signal of the converted signal processing means 32 represents a multiplexed spread chip sequence, the despreading unit 332 can directly despread the output signal of the converted signal processing means with the SC. The despread diffusion chip array is in a detectable state capable of detecting a CC localized pulse. The localization in the present invention means calculating a correlation function between a signal including a code sequence and the code sequence, or detecting the signal with a matched filter (matched filter) configured with the code sequence. .

  FIG. 15 illustrates the determining means 34. The output signal of the detection means 33 is localized with respect to CC by the first localization unit 341 and is input to the second localization unit 342, and the peak is detected by the peak detection unit 343. The maximum peak is determined by the unit 344, CC is determined, and SC and LC are determined based on the result. On the other hand, when the determination unit 344 cannot determine the maximum peak of the output signal of the localization unit 341, the second localization unit 342 generates a localization signal regarding LC from the output signal of the first localization unit 341. Then, the peak detection unit 343 detects the peak of the localized signal, and then the determination unit 344 determines the maximum peak and determines LC, and then determines SC and CC. In particular, when the shift time of the despreading SC coincides with the SC shift time of the output signal of the converted signal processing means 32, the CC localized pulse peak and the LC localized pulse peak become maximum. SC determination is made according to CC or LC determination.

  Here, the fast detection method of the localized pulse by the determination means 34 is illustrated. This detection method scans the SC shift time, despreads the signal including the multiplexed diffusion chip sequence, calculates a localized signal from the despread signal, and detects the maximum localized pulse. This determines the SC shift time. Note that each time the despreading process is executed in the detectable means 33, the determining means 34 may calculate a localized signal by this method.

For ease of explanation, the localization code sequence LC in FIG.

It is assumed that it is one sequence composed of M sequence XL of code length NL = 7 expressed by equation (4).
Also, it is assumed that the code sequence (CC) for combining is a code sequence that is a pulse with a code length NC = 1 and is +1 over 7 LC chips.

  Furthermore, the code sequence (SC) for spreading has a reference state where the data is 0 in all 7 sequences corresponding to the LC chip.

It is assumed that NS = 7 M-sequence XS expressed by Equation (5).
At this time, a in FIG. 1 becomes seven chips of XL (CL ₁ , CL ₂ , CL ₃ , CL ₄ , CL ₅ , CL ₆ , CL ₇ ). b-1 represents (CC _(1,1) , CC _(2,1) , CC _(3,1) , CC _(4,1) , CC _(5,1) , CC _{(6 , 1)} and CC _{(7, 1)} ) are all set to +1, and the multiplicity of the multiplexed diffusion chip array of each LC chip is set to 1. Further, c-1 is a spread code sequence (CS _{(1, j, 1),} CS _{(1, j, 2),} CS _{(1, j, 3),} CS _{(1 )} in which data is mapped at the XS shift time. _{, J, 4),} CS _{(1, j, 5),} CS _{(1, j, 6),} CS _{(1, j, 7)} ), k = 1 (j = 1, ---, 7 ). d-1, is generated by synchronizing and multiplying a, b-1, and c-1, and in this example, the multiplexed diffusion chip row of each LC chip matches the chip. It is a binary pulse train having a polarity and being equal to the spread code sequence XS to which data is mapped. In FIG. 1, e is a pulse train composed of d-1.

  In FIG. 6, a multiplexed spread chip sequence a is a multiplexed spread pulse sequence having a multiplicity of 1 represented by e in FIG. 1, and in this example, the shift of the spread code pulse sequence XS represented by Equation (5) The time is determined according to the data, and the polarity is configured to match the LC chip. By multiplying this signal by changing the shift time of the spread code sequence XS represented by the expression (5) prepared in the receiving apparatus from 0 to 6 for each LC chip, despreading is performed. A despread signal indicated by c-1 in FIG. 6 is generated. Although not shown in the figure, seven sets of despread signals for each chip are generated.

  By using the despread signals generated for each of the 7 chips of the LC in the above manner, the LC localization signals are calculated, the maximum pulse is detected, and the shift time of the 7 spread code sequences XS is detected. To obtain 7-digit 7-digit data. In the case of a signal spread by an SC in which the same data is mapped on several chips determined by LC, the number of independent chips is reduced, so that the number of operations of despreading processing and localization processing is reduced.

  On the other hand, instead of using all despread signals to calculate the localized pulse for the localization code sequence, the detected values of each despread signal are grouped and added together, and the added value is localized The localization code sequence is localized to generate a localization signal, the maximum localization pulse is detected from the localization signal, and a set of despread values that gives the maximum localization pulse is determined. Then, the detection values of the despread signals constituting the sum set are grouped and added, the localization signal for the localization code sequence is calculated from the addition value, and the maximum value is detected. The set of sums that gives the maximum value is calculated, and the value of the despread signal that is the component is determined. In the same manner, the despread signals that make up the sum set that gives the maximum value are grouped and added, and the process of determining the set that gives the maximum localized pulse value is repeated, and each of the localization code sequences is repeated. Data is acquired by determining the shift time of the spreading code sequence corresponding to the chip.

  As described above, the expression (4) is a localization code sequence composed of an M sequence having a code length of 7 represented by XL = (1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1). Represents. Equation (5) is a spreading code sequence consisting of M sequences with a code length of 7 in which a reference state of 0 data is represented by XS = (1, 1, 1, −1, −1, 1, −1). Represents XS. The shift time of the spread code pulse train can be set to any value from 0 to 6 according to the data. Further, the code length of the combined code sequence CC is set to 1, the multiplicity of the spread code sequence is set to 1, and the amplitude is set to +1. Further, XL and XS may be different code sequences. Furthermore, XS can be configured with the same code sequence, different code sequences, or predetermined code sequences for each XL chip. Note that code sequences used for LC and SC are not limited to M sequences, and Gold code sequences, pinch code sequences, and the like can be used.

The value of the despread signal obtained by the despreading process in the first, second, third, and sixth chips of the localized code pulse train is

  It is Aq (q = 1, 2, 3, 6) represented by Formula (6). Further, the despread signal values Ak (k = 4, 5, 7) of the fourth, fifth, and seventh chips of the localized code pulse train are values obtained by inverting the sign of each element of A1. Since the polarity of Ak (k = 4, 5, 7) is converted to plus with respect to the maximum localized pulse value regarding LC, hereinafter, AL = A1 (L = 1, −−, 7 ). In the following, it is assumed that necessary data is stored in a memory or the like.

AL is, for example, aL = (7, -1, -1, -1) and bL = (-1, -1, -1) as shown below, or
cL = (-1, -1, -1, -1) and dL = (7, -1, -1),
It is grouped and memorized.

The values of aL, bL, cL, and dL are added to each other,
aL _sum = 7-1-1-1 = 4,
bL _sum = -1-1-1 = -3,
cL _sum = -1-1-1-1 = -4,
dL _sum = 7-1-1 = 5,
Is calculated. Hereinafter, a case of differential processing for calculating a localized pulse using aL _sum −bL _sum = 7 and cL _sum −dL _sum = 9 will be described.

Expression (7) represents the maximum localization pulse Φk (k = 0, ---, 7) of the difference process when the number of cL _sum −dL _sum is k. When Φk = 49 where k = 0 is detected, the following processing is performed. That is, a set of aL _sum -bL _sum = 7 is selected for all the chips of the LC,
aL1 = (7, −1) and aL2 = (− 1, −1),
It is divided into.

Each added value,
aL1 _sum = 7-1 = 6,
aL2 _sum = -1-1 = -2
Is calculated, and aL1 _sum -aL2 _sum = 8 is calculated. In this case, the maximum localized pulse value Φ00 is 8 × 7 = 56, and aL1 is selected.

aL1 is further divided into aL11 = 7, aL12 = −1, aL11 _sum = 7, aL12 _sum = −1, and aL11 _sum −aL12 _sum = 8, and the maximum localized pulse value is 56. As a result, aL11 (L = 1, ---, 7) is selected, and the shift time of each SC corresponding to the LC chip is all 0, so that 7-digit 7-digit data (0, 0, 0, 0, 0,0,0) is determined.

  In the case of only cL and dL, and when aL, bL, cL, and dL are mixed, the maximum localization pulse related to the code sequence for localization is detected in the same manner, and the shift time is calculated to determine the data. be able to.

  Instead of calculating the maximum maximal pulse using the difference between the added values of each set, the shift time is calculated by detecting the maximum localized pulse for the code sequence for localization in the same way using the added value of each set. The data may be determined. According to the present invention, when the code length of LC and SC is 7 and the code length of CC is 1, respectively, as an example, the amount of computation for detecting localized pulses is about 4 compared to the method of comparing all states. / 10,000. In the above, the localization signal is calculated by multiplying all the difference values by + and-, and the maximum pulse is determined as the maximum localization pulse. However, in the case of the S / N ratio where the difference value can be determined. Since the sign is determined, the number of operations can be reduced.

  FIG. 19 shows an M sequence in which the code sequence LC for localization in FIG. 1a has a code length of 7, and a code sequence CC for combining b-1 has a code length of 1 and a polarity of +. It is a simulation waveform of a baseband signal when the code sequence SC for spreading c-1 is an M sequence having a code length 63 and mapping data 0. Since the localized pulse detection method according to the present invention can be applied to a communication system that can detect a transmitted pulse train as a baseband signal, this simulation result is based on a base using a diffusion chip array to which data is mapped. Band communication, OFDM or wavelet OFDM communication with a spread chip sequence in which data is mapped in the frequency domain, or a baseband spread chip sequence in the time domain in which data is mapped is assigned to each subchannel, demodulated signal is data The present invention can be applied to monocarrier communication or multicarrier communication having a baseband spreading chip sequence having the above, impulse train communication generated from a spreading chip sequence to which data is mapped, and the like.

  In this example, the code sequence LC for localization corresponding to a in FIG. 1 is an M sequence having a code length of 7, and the code sequence LC corresponding to d-1 in FIG. The code sequence has the same polarity as the LC chip, and the value of k in FIG. The multiplexed spread chip sequence corresponding to e in FIG. 1 has a multiplicity of 1 because the CC code length is 1, and is the same signal as the above signal corresponding to d-1 in FIG. The signals corresponding to a and b-1 in FIG. 6 are equal to the signals corresponding to e and c-1 in FIG. 1, respectively. In the received signal, a delayed signal due to multipath, interference noise, other narrow-band noise, and wide-band noise are superimposed on the above-described transmission signal corresponding to FIG. When this received signal is despread by the SC corresponding to b in FIG. 6, seven LC chips corresponding to d in FIG. 6 are separated, and noise is superimposed thereon. Since the code length of CC is 1, the localized pulse calculated from the CC of each chip corresponding to d in FIG. 6 is equal to the chip of LC. These chips are localized using LC to calculate localized pulses.

  Here, localization means processing the signal with a matched filter, or processing a correlation function between the signal and a required code sequence. This example can also be applied to FIG. In FIG. 2, k = 1, LC is an M sequence having a code length of 7, LC is a code sequence CC for combining b-1, a code length is 1, a pulse having a polarity of +, and a code sequence for spreading c-1. SC is a baseband signal which is an M sequence having a code length 63 and mapping data 0. 2 also has a multiplicity of 1 because the CC code length is 1, and the signal is the same as d-1 in FIG.

FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of a multiplexed diffusion chip array according to the present invention. In FIG. 20, a is a localization code sequence, CLi, and i = 1 to NL represent the i-th chip. b-1 and b-2 are code sequences for spreading having a code length of 3 multiplied by pulses of a pulse train for combining amplitudes 1 and 2, respectively, and Csijk, i = 1 to NL, Represents the k th chip of the code sequence for spreading corresponding to the j th multiplex of the i th chip of the localization code sequence. c represents a multiplexed spread chip sequence in which chips of a localization code sequence are multiplied on a multiplexed signal of multiplicity 2 in which b-1 and b-2 are multiplexed. D1 is a despread signal of c matched with b-2, d2 is a despread signal matched with signal e obtained by removing b-2 determined from d1 from c, f1 is a correlation function calculated from d1, and f2 Is a correlation function calculated from d2. The shift time of the code sequence for spreading b-1 and b-2 is determined from the peak of f1 and the peak of f2, respectively, and hex 14-digit data is acquired. Source data is decoded from this data through required processing such as error correction decoding. According to the present invention, the multiplicity of the multiplexed diffusion chip array can be set to 1 or more.
In FIG. 19, the vertical axis represents the value of the correlation function, and the horizontal axis represents x when the correlation function is represented by P (x). In this example, the position of the horizontal axis of the localized pulse is determined from data 0. 7 points up to 6. In the figure, the upper waveform represents the received signal superimposed by changing the interference noise power from 0 to 25,000 times and the in-band sine wave noise power from 0 to 5,000 times the signal power. .

As indicated by e in FIG. 6, in the present invention, the data is represented by the SC shift time, which is equal to the time delay of the detected localized pulse. It is expressed by the distance. The lower triangle wave scans the SC from 0 to 62 with each chip of the LC and multiplies it with the received signal to despread the chip of the received signal, and uses the despread values of all the chips of the LC to Where the peak of the triangular wave is vertical to the change in interference noise power from 0 to 25,000 times and the change in in-band noise power from 0 to 5,000 times. A certain distance is maintained, it is extremely stable, and data is transmitted correctly. In this example, the first peak was defined as zero. The second peak appears because the correlation function related to LC is a periodic function of period 7. In the DS-SS signal detection experiment under the same noise conditions, erroneous detection occurred due to a direct current component caused by in-band noise.
FIG. 16 illustrates the decoding unit 35. The data format represented by the SC, CC, and LC determined by the determination unit 34 is converted by the inverse format conversion unit 351 to calculate the data, and then the various processes performed by the input unit 31 are performed by the decoding processing unit 352. Decode and decode source data.

  FIG. 17 illustrates a measurement system 10000 using the code sequence of the present invention. This system includes a measurement transmission device 20000 and a measurement reception device 30000, and performs measurement on a measurement target 40000. The measurement transmission device 20000 includes multiplexed spread signal generation means 20001, conversion means 20022, transmission signal generation means 20023, transmission means 20024 and control means 20025, and each means is controlled in synchronization with the clock of the control means 20025. Is done. On the other hand, the measurement receiving device 30000 includes a signal detection unit 30031, a converted signal processing unit 30032, a detection unit 30033, a determination unit 30034, an analysis unit 30035, a display / output unit 30036, and a control unit 30037. Is controlled in synchronization with the clock of the control means 30037. In the measurement transmitting apparatus 20000, the multiplexed spread signal generating means 20001 multiplies the LC chip, the CC chip and the SC to generate a spread chip sequence, and multiplexes with a multiplicity of 1 or more to multiplex the spread chip sequence. The conversion means 20022 converts the multiplexed spread chip sequence into an OFDM signal using the arrangement of FIG. 3, an OFDM signal using the arrangement of FIG. 4, a wavelet OFDM signal using the arrangement of FIG. 3, or the arrangement of FIG. The signal is converted into the used wavelet OFDM signal or the like and multiplexed with a multiplicity of 1 or more to generate a converted signal. Note that the converted signal is not limited to these, and a multiplexed spread chip sequence can also be handled as a converted signal. Next, a transmission signal is generated by the transmission signal generation means 20023, and a transmission signal of a required method is generated by the transmission means 20022 and sent to the measurement object 40000. The transmission signal includes a multiplexed spreading chip sequence, its impulse sequence, a modulation signal generated by modulating a carrier wave with any of them, a hopping signal generated by modulating a hopping carrier wave, and a frequency band generated from a multiplexed spreading chip sequence Modulation generated by modulating the carrier wave with orthogonal signals or multiplexed signals in these frequency domains, such as multiplexed OFDM signals and multiplexed wavelet OFDM signals, which are orthogonally multiplexed with each other in the frequency domain A hopping signal generated by modulating a signal or a carrier wave to be hopped is included. The transmission signal configured as described above can be carried by an energy medium such as an electromagnetic wave, light, ultrasonic wave, magnetic wave, radiation, electron beam, or proton beam, but the type of the medium is not limited thereto.

  A signal from the measurement target 40000 is detected by the signal detection unit 30031 including the sensor of the measurement receiver 30000 and sent to the conversion signal processing unit 30032. When the conversion signal is a multiplexed OFDM signal, DFT conversion is performed. On the other hand, in the case of a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal, DWT conversion is performed, and a multiplexed spreading chip sequence for each OFDM signal or a multiplexed spreading chip sequence for each wavelet OFDM signal using Equations (2) and (3) Is calculated. Then, the detection means 30033 multiplies these multiplexed diffusion chip arrays with SCs to detect the CC, and the determination means 30034 detects the peak of the localized pulse related to the CC and determines the maximum peak. Or detect the peak of the localized pulse for CC and LC and determine the maximum peak of the localized pulse for LC. Next, the information on the object to be measured is acquired by measuring the amplitude of the maximum peak of CC or LC, the delay time, and the like. In particular, the OFDM signal and the wavelet OFDM signal generated by the arrangement of FIG. 4 are suitable for use when simultaneously acquiring information of interest for each subband or for each time-subband.

  Each of the means and units described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 17 may be realized by a hardware circuit or a PLD (programmable logic device) such as an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array). Alternatively, it may be realized by a control program stored in the memory being loaded into a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and executed.

  The present invention provides efficient transmission in wired transmission lines such as power lines and telephone lines that require a high S / N ratio improvement rate due to large noise, and wireless transmission lines using wireless media such as light, radio waves, magnetism, and ultrasonic waves. The present invention is particularly useful as a data communication system that enables the measurement and a measurement system using a wireless medium.

1 --- communication system using code sequence,
2 --- transmitter of communication system using code sequence,
21 --- Input means,
22 --- control means,
23 --- multiplexed spread signal generating means,
231 --- Code sequence generator,
232 --- Data mapping part,
233 --- product part,
234 --- multiplexer,
235 --- Data format converter,
24 --- Conversion means,
241a --- mapping part,
242a --- IDFT part,
243a --- multiplexer,
244a --- GI insertion part,
241b --- IDWT mapping unit,
242b --- IDWT part,
243b --- IDWT multiplexing unit,
25 --- Signal generation means for transmission,
26 --- Transmission means,
27 --- Communication means,
3 --- Receiver of communication system using code sequence,
31 --- Transmission signal detection means,
32 --- Conversion signal processing means,
3211 --- GI removal unit,
3212 --- DFT part,
3213 --- DFT multiplexed diffusion chip sequence acquisition unit,
3221 --- DWT section,
3222 --- DWT multiplexed diffusion chip array acquisition unit 33 --- detection means,
331 --- inverse mapping part,
332 --- Despreading unit 34 --- deciding means,
341 --- the first localized part,
342 --- the second localized portion 342,
343 --- Peak detection unit 343,
344 --- determination unit 35 --- decoding means,
351 --- Inverse format converter,
352 --- Decoding processor 36--Display / output means,
37 --- Communication means,
38 --- control means,
39 --- synchronization detection means,
4 --- Exchanger,
10000 --- Measurement system using code sequence,
20000 --- Transmission device for measurement,
20021 --- multiplexed spread signal generating means,
20022 --- conversion means,
20023 --- signal generation means for transmission,
20024 --- Transmission means,
20025 --- Control means,
30000 --- Measurement receiver
30031 --- Signal detection means,
30032 --- Conversion signal processing means,
30033 --- detection means,
30034 --- Determination means,
30035 --- analytical means,
30036 --- Display / output means,
30037 --- Control means

Claims (30)

In the transmission signal generation detection method,
Multiplex having a multiplicity of 1 or more, in which a spread chip sequence obtained by multiplying a pulse sequence for spreading and a pulse of a pulse sequence for combination by a chip of a localization code sequence is multiplexed with respect to the pulse sequence for combination A transmission signal is generated based on a converted signal generated by converting at least one or a plurality of the multiplexed diffusion chip sequences, and transmitted.
The transmission signal is detected, a multiplexed spread chip sequence is acquired from the converted signal in the time domain or the frequency domain, and the spread chip sequence included in the acquired multiplexed spread chip sequence is a code sequence for the spreading A method of generating and detecting a transmission signal using a code sequence, wherein at least localized pulses of the localization code sequence are detected from the signal despread in (5). The generation detection of a transmission signal using a code sequence according to claim 1, wherein the pulse sequence for the combination is a code sequence having a constant amplitude, or a pulse or a pulse sequence having a predetermined amplitude and polarity. Method.   The spreading code sequence is an M sequence having a code length of 1 or more, and the multiplexed spreading chip sequence is multiplexed by multiplying the pulses of the pulse sequence for coupling having different amplitudes and polarities with the M sequence. The transmission signal generation and detection method using the code sequence according to claim 1, wherein the transmission signal generation and detection method is performed.   4. The conversion signal according to claim 1, wherein the converted signal is generated by converting the multiplexed spread chip array so as to be orthogonal at least in a frequency domain, and multiplexing the multiplicity by 1 or more. A transmission signal generation detection method using the described code sequence.   The converted signal is a multiplexed OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more obtained by multiplexing an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal generated by a frequency division method defined for each multiplexed spreading chip sequence. 5. The transmission signal generation and detection method using a code sequence according to claim 1, wherein the spread chip sequence is obtained by converting the multiplexed OFDM signal into a frequency domain.   The converted signal is a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more obtained by multiplexing wavelet OFDM signals generated with parameter settings determined for each multiplexed spread chip sequence, and the multiplexed spread chip sequence is The method for generating and detecting a transmission signal using a code sequence according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method is obtained from wavelet coefficients of a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal.   The converted signal is a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more obtained by multiplexing wavelet OFDM signals generated with parameter settings determined for each multiplexed spread chip sequence, and the multiplexed spread chip sequence is The transmission signal generation using the code sequence according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal is obtained by converting the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal into a frequency domain by DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) conversion. Detection method.   The code sequence according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the converted signal is the multiplexed spreading chip sequence, and the transmission signal is generated based on the multiplexed spreading chip sequence. A method for detecting the generation of a transmission signal using a signal.   The transmission signal is generated by modulating a carrier wave to be hopped with a signal for generating a transmission signal including the converted signal, and the multiplexed spread chip sequence is generated in the frequency domain or time domain from the converted signal detected from the transmission signal. The transmission signal generation and detection method using the code sequence according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the signal is acquired in step (1).   The transmission signal is a modulation signal generated by modulating a carrier wave with the conversion signal orthogonal in the frequency domain, and the multiplexed spreading chip sequence is frequency domain or time domain from the conversion signal detected by demodulating the transmission signal The transmission signal generation and detection method using the code sequence according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein   11. The transmission signal according to claim 1, wherein the transmission signal is a signal including at least the converted signal, and the multiplexed spread chip sequence is acquired from the converted signal of the transmission signal in a frequency domain or a time domain. A transmission signal generation detection method using the code sequence according to claim 1.   12. The transmission signal generation and detection method using a code sequence according to claim 1, wherein the code sequence includes a sequence in which data is mapped.   The localized pulse includes a first localized pulse and a second localized pulse, and the first localized pulse is generated from the code sequence for the combination generated by despreading. 13. The second localization pulse, which is a localization pulse of the localization code sequence, is detected from the first localization pulse. A transmission signal generation detection method using the code sequence according to any one of the above.   The transmission signal using the code sequence according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the information of the object irradiated with the transmission signal is acquired by further detecting the mode of the localized pulse. Generation detection method.   The transmission signal includes data generated from source data, the converted signal is a signal generated from the code sequence including a sequence in which data is mapped, and the source data includes the localized pulse. The transmission signal generation and detection method using a code sequence according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein decoding is performed based on the code sequence detected and determined.   The transmission signal is transmitted using one or a plurality of antennas and received by a required number of antennas, and the one or a plurality of the multiplexed spreads determined by the spatial propagation characteristics between the transmission and reception antennas acquired from the received transmission signals. Each pulse train is despread and localized with respect to the correlation function code sequence so that the maximum peak is detected, and the source data is decoded by acquiring the data from the set of code sequences for spreading constituting the peak. A transmission signal generation detection method using the code sequence according to any one of claims 1 to 15. (1) A code sequence for spreading Csijk, i = 1 in the j-th chip CLi, i = 1, ---, NL of the correlation function code sequence CL. , --NL, j = 1, ---, m, k = 1, ---, Ns sets of integrated signals Di1 (i = 1 to NL), (2) a step of dividing Di1 into two groups of Ai1: (Ns + 1) / 2 and Bi1: (Ns-1) / 2, and (3) an added value of each of Ai1 and Bi1. a step of calculating ai1 and bi1, (4) a step of calculating Δi1 = ai1−bi1, (5) a step of calculating a correlation function with CL using all ± Δi1, and (6) detecting a maximum peak. Determine the polarity of Δi1, i = 1, ---, NL, select Ai1 or Bi1 giving the maximum peak and select Di2, i = 1, ---, NL, (7) Di2, i = 1, ----, NL is divided into two groups Ai2 and Bi2, and the added values ai2 and bi2 of each group are calculated, and then the difference Δi2 = calculating ai2−bi2 and calculating a correlation function with CL using all ± Δi2 and selecting Ai2 or Bi2 giving the maximum peak to determine Di3, i = 1, −−−, NL (8) Repeating the same process until Dir, r = log ₂ (Ns + 1), in which the number of integrated signals of the chips of each CL is one set, and (9) From Dir, i = 1, −, NL The transmission signal generation using the code sequence according to any one of claims 1 to 16, further comprising: determining a shift time of each Csir, i = 1, ---, NL. Detection method.   The transmission signal is a signal transmitted to a measurement target, and the information on the measurement target uses a mode and / or characteristic of the localized pulse calculated by detecting a signal based on the transmission signal from the measurement target. The transmission signal generation and detection method using the code sequence according to claim 1, wherein the transmission signal generation and detection method is obtained. Input means for inputting source data and generating data;
Mapping means for generating a code sequence for spreading including a sequence in which the data is mapped, a pulse sequence for combining consisting of one or more pulses, and a localization code sequence;
The spread chip sequence obtained by multiplying the code sequence for spreading, the pulse of the pulse sequence for combination and the chip of the localization code sequence is multiplexed with respect to the pulse sequence for combination. A multiplexed spread signal generating means for generating a multiplexed spread chip sequence having a severity of 1 or more;
Conversion means for converting at least one or a plurality of the multiplexed diffusion chip sequences to generate a converted signal;
A transmission signal generating means for generating a transmission signal for generating a transmission signal from at least the converted signal;
Transmitting means for generating the transmission signal from the transmission signal and transmitting it from one or more antennas;
A transmission device comprising:
Transmission signal detection means for receiving and detecting the transmission signal;
Converted signal processing means for obtaining a multiplexed spread chip sequence in the time domain or frequency domain from the converted signal detected from the transmission signal;
Despreading means for despreading the spreading chip sequence included in the obtained multiplexed spreading chip sequence with a code sequence for spreading;
Determining means for determining the code sequence by detecting the maximum peak of the localized pulse from the output signal of the despreading means;
Decoding means for decoding source data from the determined code sequence;
A receiving device comprising:
A communication system using a code sequence characterized by the above.   The converted signal is a multiplexed OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more obtained by multiplexing OFDM signals generated by a frequency division method determined for each multiplexed spreading chip sequence, and the converting means transmits the multiplexed OFDM signal. The transmission signal detection means detects the multiplexed OFDM signal, and the converted signal processing means converts the multiplexed OFDM signal of the transmission signal into a frequency domain and converts the frequency domain into a frequency domain. 20. A communication system using a code sequence according to claim 19, characterized in that a multiplexed spread chip sequence of OFDM signals is acquired in step (b).   The converted signal is a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more obtained by multiplexing a wavelet OFDM signal generated with a predetermined wavelet and / or parameter setting for each multiplexed spread chip sequence, and the converting means A multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal is generated, the transmission signal detecting means detects the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal, and the converted signal processing means detects a wavelet coefficient of the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal. 20. The communication system using a code sequence according to claim 19, wherein a wavelet coefficient of a wavelet OFDM signal representing a multiplexed spread chip sequence is obtained.   The transmission signal is a hopping signal generated by modulating a carrier wave to be hopped with at least the converted signal, wherein the transmission means generates the hopping signal, and the transmission signal detection means detects the hopping signal. The code according to claim 19, wherein the converted signal processing means acquires a multiplexed spread chip sequence in a frequency domain or a time domain from a converted signal included in the transmission signal. A communication system using a sequence. The transmission signal is a modulated signal generated by modulating a carrier wave with at least the converted signal,
The transmission means generates the modulated signal, the transmission signal detection means demodulates the modulated signal, and the converted signal processing means performs frequency domain or time from the converted signal of the transmitted signal. The communication system using a code sequence according to claim 19, wherein a multiplexed spread chip sequence is obtained in a region.   The transmission signal is a signal composed of at least the converted signal, and the transmission means generates the transmission signal, and the transmission signal detection means detects the transmission signal composed of the at least conversion signal. The code sequence according to claim 19, wherein the converted signal processing means acquires the multiplexed spread chip sequence in a frequency domain or a time domain from the converted signal of the transmission signal. Communications system.   The transmission apparatus of the communication system using the code sequence of any one of Claims 15 thru | or 24.   A receiving device of a communication system using the code sequence according to any one of claims 19 to 25. A spreading chip sequence obtained by multiplying a pulse sequence for combining including a code sequence for spreading with a pulse including a single or multiple pulses and a chip of a localization code sequence is multiplexed with respect to the pulse sequence for combining. Spreading signal generating means for generating a multiplexed spreading chip sequence having a multiplicity of 1 or more;
Conversion means for generating a conversion signal from one or a plurality of the multiplexed diffusion chip sequences;
Transmission signal generating means for generating a transmission signal for generating a transmission signal from at least the converted signal;
Transmission means for generating a transmission signal based on the transmission signal and sending it to an object;
A transmission device comprising:
Transmission signal detection means for detecting the transmission signal;
Spreading chip sequence acquisition means for acquiring the multiplexed spreading chip sequence in the time domain or frequency domain from the converted signal of the transmission signal;
A code sequence for combination is generated by despreading the diffusion chip sequence included in the multiplexed diffusion chip sequence acquired by the spreading chip sequence acquisition means with a code sequence for spreading the diffusion chip sequence Detecting means for performing,
Localized pulse detection means for detecting a localized pulse of the code sequence for the combination from at least the output of the detection means;
Measuring means for detecting information on the object by detecting an aspect of the localized pulse;
A receiving device comprising:
A measurement system using a code sequence characterized by comprising: The converted signal is a multiplexed OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more, and the converting means generates and multiplexes the OFDM signal from the multiplexed spreading chip sequence to generate the multiplexed OFDM signal which is the converted signal The transmission means generates and transmits the transmission signal based on the multiplexed OFDM signal, and the transmission signal detection means detects the transmission signal,
The spread chip sequence acquisition unit is configured to convert the multiplexed OFDM signal of the transmission signal into a frequency domain to acquire the multiplexed spread chip sequence represented by the frequency domain OFDM signal. 27. A measurement system using the code sequence according to 27.   The converted signal is a multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal having a multiplicity of 1 or more, and the converted means generates and multiplexes a wavelet OFDM signal from the multiplexed spread chip sequence, and the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal is the converted signal. The transmission means generates and transmits the transmission signal based on the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal, the transmission signal detection means detects the transmission signal, and The spread chip sequence acquisition means acquires the multiplexed spread chip sequence represented by the wavelet coefficient of the wavelet OFDM signal from the wavelet coefficient calculated from the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal of the transmission signal. A measurement system using the code sequence of Item 27.   26. The spread chip sequence acquisition means acquires the multiplexed spread chip sequence represented by a wavelet coefficient of the wavelet OFDM signal from a wavelet coefficient calculated from the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal of the transmission signal according to claim 25. 28. The measurement system using a code sequence according to claim 27, wherein instead of the multiplexed wavelet OFDM signal of the transmission signal, a DFT transform is performed to obtain the multiplexed spread chip sequence.

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