JP2017033869A - Combustor and fuel cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustor capable of combusting mixed gas stably, even if the properties and composition of the mixed gas of a fuel gas and an oxidant gas are different.SOLUTION: In a combustor 200, a fuel gas nozzle 210 is provided on the center axis L of a combustion chamber 207, and ejects fuel gas toward the upper side of the combustion chamber 207. A first oxidant gas nozzle 215 is provided farther upper side (downstream side) of the combustion chamber 207 than the fuel gas nozzle 210, is placed on the first axis line L1 crossing the center axis L of the combustion chamber 207, and ejects the oxidant gas along the first axis line L so as to cross the fuel gas. A second oxidant gas nozzle 216 is provided farther upper side of the combustion chamber 207 than the fuel gas nozzle 210, is placed on the second axis line L2 at a position skewed to the center axis L of the combustion chamber 207, and ejects pre-oxidant gas along the second axis line L2 so as not to cross the fuel gas.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustor and a fuel cell module.

  Conventionally, a solid oxide fuel cell stack, a reforming unit that reforms raw fuel gas and generates reformed gas supplied to the fuel cell stack, and burns stack exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack 2. Description of the Related Art A fuel cell module including a combustion unit that performs the above-mentioned is known.

  Further, in this type of fuel cell module, there is one in which a combustion section is configured by a single combustor (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this fuel cell module, the stack exhaust gas containing unreacted raw fuel gas and oxidant gas that has passed through the fuel cell stack at the reforming section at the time of start-up is combusted in the combustor, and at the time of power generation The stack exhaust gas containing the reformed gas and the oxidant gas that has not been supplied to is burned in the same combustor as at the time of startup.

  Thus, when a combustion part is comprised with a single combustor, stack exhaust gas from which a property, a composition, etc. differ at the time of starting and at the time of electric power generation is burned with a single combustor. However, in the case of such a configuration, there are problems in ignitability and combustion stability in the combustor, for example, unreacted raw fuel gas at the time of start-up is difficult to ignite and the flame is easily blown out.

  Therefore, the combustor is composed of a pair of combustors, one of the combustors burns stack exhaust gas containing unreacted raw fuel gas and oxidant gas at start-up, and the other combustor is fuel cell stack when generating power Has proposed a fuel cell module that burns stack exhaust gas containing reformed gas and oxidant gas that have not been used for power generation (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).

  However, when the combustor is composed of a pair of combustors, two gas supply paths are required for the pair of combustors, which complicates the structure of the combustor and its surroundings, and increases the size and cost. Cause

  Further, a fuel cell module (see, for example, Patent Document 4) including a catalytic combustor that completely combusts the unburned reformed gas on the downstream side of the combustor has been proposed. This increases the complexity and cost.

  Therefore, it is ideal that the stack exhaust gas having different properties and compositions at the time of start-up and power generation can be stably burned with a single combustor. In addition, although the above is the subject of the combustor in a fuel cell module, the said subject may arise also in the combustor in apparatuses other than a fuel cell module.

JP 2011-222136 A JP 2014-78348 A JP 2014-72026 A JP 2002-83620 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to stably burn a mixed gas even when the properties and composition of the mixed gas in which the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are mixed are different. It is to provide a combustor that can.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell module capable of simplifying the combustor and its peripheral structure, and realizing a reduction in size and cost.

  In order to achieve the above object, a combustor according to the present invention includes a combustion chamber formed inside a cylindrical combustion chamber peripheral wall, in which a mixed gas in which a fuel gas and an oxidant gas are mixed is burned, and the combustion chamber A fuel gas nozzle that is disposed on a central axis of the combustion chamber and that ejects the fuel gas toward the other axial side of the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber more than the fuel gas nozzle The oxidant gas is disposed on a first axis that intersects the central axis of the combustion chamber and crosses the fuel gas ejected from the fuel gas nozzle so as to intersect the first oxidant gas. A first oxidant gas nozzle that jets along the axis and mixes the oxidant gas with the fuel gas; and is provided on the other axial side of the combustion chamber with respect to the fuel gas nozzle, and a central axis of the combustion chamber And a second dioxide gas nozzle that is disposed on a second axis at a twisted position and ejects a pre-oxidant gas along the second axis so as not to intersect the fuel gas ejected from the fuel gas nozzle. Prepare.

  According to this combustor, the jet of the fuel gas ejected from the fuel gas nozzle intersects with the jet of the oxidant gas ejected from the oxidant gas nozzle. As a result, the fuel gas jet and the oxidant gas jet diffuse to each other and a mixed region is formed by the oxidant gas and the fuel gas that fall within the combustion range of the fuel gas. Can be mixed effectively. Thereby, even when the property, composition, etc. of the mixed gas in which the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are mixed are different, the mixed gas can be stably burned.

  In addition, for example, in the case of a normal air ratio (theoretical air ratio), the oxidant gas ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle alone lacks oxygen necessary for the combustion of the mixed gas, so that the combustion becomes slow. The oxygen necessary for the combustion of the mixed gas is also supplied to the flame from the pre-oxidant gas ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle, and the combustion reaction is completed.

  On the other hand, when the air ratio is high, the oxidant gas ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle has sufficient oxygen for combustion of the mixed gas, so the mixed gas from the oxidant gas ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle Oxygen necessary for combustion is supplied to the flame, and the combustion reaction is completed. In this case, the jet of the pre-oxidant gas ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle is mixed with the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the mixed gas and discharged from the combustion chamber.

  As described above, the flame does not blow out and stable combustion can be obtained in a wide air ratio range from a normal air ratio (theoretical air ratio) to a high air ratio (for example, about λ = 5).

  The combustor according to the present invention may include a pair of the first oxidant gas nozzles, and the pair of first oxidant gas nozzles may be disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the fuel gas nozzle.

  According to this combustor, the jet of oxidant gas ejected from a pair of oxidant gas nozzles arranged opposite to each other intersects the jet of fuel gas from both sides of the jet of fuel gas ejected from the fuel gas nozzle. Is done. Thereby, since the diffusion of the jet of fuel gas and the jet of oxidant gas can be promoted, the fuel gas and the oxidant gas can be mixed more effectively.

  Further, the combustor of the present invention is formed inside the combustion chamber peripheral wall, adjacent to the combustion chamber on one axial side of the combustion chamber, and a fuel gas chamber to which the fuel gas is supplied from the outside An oxidant gas chamber formed inside the combustion chamber peripheral wall, adjacent to the fuel gas chamber in a radial direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall, and supplied with the oxidant gas from the outside; and Provided inside, partitioning the combustion chamber and the fuel gas chamber, a fuel gas chamber partition wall in which the fuel gas nozzle is formed, and standing from the fuel gas chamber partition wall to the combustion chamber side, A combustion chamber-side partition wall in which the first oxidant gas nozzle and the second dioxide gas nozzle are formed, and a side opposite to the combustion chamber from the fuel gas chamber partition wall. The fuel An oxidant gas chamber side partition wall having a fuel gas chamber side partition wall that partitions the gas chamber and the oxidant gas chamber, an upper end portion in the height direction of the combustion chamber side partition wall, and the combustion chamber peripheral wall. An oxidant gas chamber top partition wall that connects and divides the combustion chamber and the oxidant gas chamber may be provided.

  According to this combustor, the combustor is divided into a plurality of spaces (combustion chamber, fuel gas chamber, oxidizer) by the fuel gas chamber partition wall, the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall, and the oxidant gas chamber top partition wall. Since it can be partitioned into gas chambers, the structure of the combustor can be simplified. Thereby, size reduction and cost reduction of a combustor can be achieved.

  Further, in the combustor of the present invention, the combustion chamber side partition wall is provided facing the fuel gas nozzle, and a central wall portion on which the first oxidant gas nozzle is formed, and the central wall portion with respect to the central wall portion. A side wall portion that is bent at an obtuse angle toward the outer peripheral portion side of the combustion chamber and in which the second dioxide gas nozzle is formed may be provided.

  According to this combustor, the side wall portion on which the second dioxide gas nozzle is formed is bent at an obtuse angle toward the outer peripheral side of the combustion chamber with respect to the central wall portion on which the first oxidant gas nozzle is formed. Therefore, the direction in which the oxidant gas is ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle and the direction in which the preliminary oxidant gas is ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle form an acute angle. For example, in the case of a normal air ratio (theoretical air ratio) In this case, the preliminary oxidant gas ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle can be efficiently supplied to the flame burned by the oxidant gas from the first oxidant gas nozzle. On the other hand, when the air ratio is high, the pre-oxidant gas ejected from the second dioxide agent gas nozzle can be efficiently mixed with the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the flame.

  Further, in the combustor of the present invention, the combustion chamber side partition wall is provided facing the fuel gas nozzle, and a central wall portion on which the first oxidant gas nozzle is formed, and the central wall portion with respect to the central wall portion. It may be bent at a right angle toward the outer peripheral side of the combustion chamber and may have a side wall portion on which the second dioxide gas nozzle is formed.

  According to this combustor, the side wall portion on which the second dioxide gas nozzle is formed is bent perpendicularly to the outer peripheral side of the combustion chamber with respect to the central wall portion on which the first oxidant gas nozzle is formed. Therefore, the direction of the oxidant gas ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle and the direction of the preliminary oxidant gas ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle form a right angle, so that the fuel gas ejected from the fuel gas nozzle and the first oxidation gas It can suppress that the jet (secondary air) of the preliminary oxidant gas ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle interferes with the mixed gas with the oxidant gas ejected from the oxidant gas nozzle. Thereby, for example, when the air ratio is high, it is possible to suppress the influence on the combustion of the mixed gas, so that the stability of the combustion of the mixed gas can be improved.

  Further, in the combustor of the present invention, the combustion chamber side partition wall is provided facing the fuel gas nozzle, and a central wall portion on which the first oxidant gas nozzle is formed, and the central wall portion with respect to the central wall portion. It may be bent at a right angle toward the outer peripheral side of the combustion chamber and may have a side wall portion on which the second dioxide gas nozzle is formed.

  According to this combustor, since the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall is formed linearly along the radial direction of the combustion chamber wall, the structure of the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall, and thus the inside of the combustor The structure can be simplified. Thereby, size reduction and cost reduction of a combustor can be achieved.

  The combustor according to the present invention is provided on the inner side of the combustion chamber peripheral wall and disposed on the other axial side of the combustion chamber, and the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber flows into the combustion chamber peripheral wall. A combustion chamber wall that forms an inlet portion of the combustion exhaust gas passage, and extends from the combustion chamber wall toward one side in the axial direction of the combustion chamber and increases in diameter toward the other side in the axial direction of the combustion chamber. You may provide the rectification | straightening part formed in the cone or the dome shape.

  According to this combustor, it is possible to collect and rectify the combustion exhaust gas on the outer peripheral side of the combustion chamber by the conical or dome-shaped rectification unit, so, for example, when a flow path is provided around the combustor, The heat of the combustion exhaust gas can be efficiently transmitted to the gas flowing through this flow path.

  Moreover, the combustor of this invention WHEREIN: The inside of the said rectification | straightening part may be made into the heat insulation part with which the cavity or the heat insulating material was filled.

  According to this combustor, since the inside of the rectifying unit is a cavity or a heat insulating unit filled with a heat insulating material, heat dissipation to the inside of the rectifying unit is suppressed and transmitted to the outside of the combustor. The amount of heat can be increased.

  Moreover, the combustor of this invention WHEREIN: The said rectification | straightening part may be formed with the refractory material.

  According to this combustor, since the rectification unit is formed of a refractory material, the durability of the rectification unit can be ensured.

  Further, the combustor according to the present invention is inserted into the pipe so as to be insertable / removable from a pipe provided on the combustion chamber wall and the axial core portion of the rectifying unit, and an opening opposite to the rectifying unit side of the pipe. And an ignition plug having an ignition electrode protruding from the pipe on the tip side.

  According to this combustor, since the spark plug can be inserted into and removed from the pipe through the opening on the side opposite to the rectifying unit side of the pipe, the spark plug can be easily replaced from the outside.

  Further, the combustor of the present invention includes a pair of oxidant gas nozzles configured by the first oxidant gas nozzle and the second dioxide gas nozzle, and the pair of oxidant gas nozzles is centered on a central axis of the combustion chamber. You may arrange | position symmetrically.

  According to this combustor, the oxidant gas nozzle constituted by the first oxidant gas nozzle and the second dioxide gas nozzle is disposed point-symmetrically around the central axis of the combustion chamber. Therefore, a swirl flow is formed around the central axis of the combustion chamber by the jet of the oxidant gas ejected from the oxidant gas nozzle, thereby also swirling the flame and the combustion exhaust gas. The heat transfer to the combustion chamber peripheral wall is promoted. Thereby, for example, when a flow path is provided around the combustor, the heat of the combustion exhaust gas can be uniformly transmitted to the gas flowing through the flow path.

  Further, the combustor of the present invention includes a pair of the oxidant gas chamber, the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall, and the oxidant gas chamber top partition wall, and each of the oxidant gas chamber side partition walls. The combustion chamber-side partition wall is provided facing the fuel gas nozzle, and is provided on a central wall portion where the first oxidant gas nozzle is formed, on both sides of the central wall portion in a lateral width direction, and the central wall portion And a pair of extension wall portions connecting the combustion chamber peripheral walls, and in the combustion chamber side partition walls of each of the oxidant gas chamber side partition walls, the second dioxide gas nozzle is formed of the pair of extension wall portions. Each of the oxidant gas chamber top surface partition walls is formed on one side, and the combustion chamber is directed to the other side in the axial direction of the combustion chamber from the other extension wall portion side toward the one extension wall portion side. It may be inclined with respect to the axial direction.

  According to this combustor, the top partition wall of the oxidant gas chamber is directed from the other extension wall side (side without the second dioxide gas nozzle) to one extension wall side (side with the second dioxide gas nozzle). Accordingly, it is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the combustion chamber so as to be directed to the other side in the axial direction of the combustion chamber. Accordingly, the inclined oxidant gas chamber top partition wall increases the swirlability of the swirl flow formed by the jet of the oxidant gas, and consequently the swirlability of the flame and the combustion exhaust gas. Transmission efficiency can be improved. Further, for example, when a flow path is provided around the combustor, the heat of the combustion exhaust gas can be more uniformly transmitted to the gas flowing through the flow path. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to bend the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall, the combustor can be reduced in size and cost.

  In order to achieve the above object, a fuel cell module of the present invention includes a solid oxide fuel cell stack that generates power by an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas and an oxidant gas, and a raw fuel that is vaporized from the raw fuel. A gasification unit that generates gas; a reforming unit that generates the fuel gas from the raw fuel gas; a fuel gas that is a fuel electrode exhaust gas discharged from a fuel electrode of the fuel cell stack; and the fuel cell A combustor that burns stack exhaust gas containing oxidant gas that is exhaust gas from the air electrode of the cell stack.

  According to this fuel cell module, since the above-described combustor is applied, even if the properties and composition of the stack exhaust gas containing the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are different at the time of start-up and power generation, the mixed gas is used as a single gas mixture. It can be burned stably with this combustor. Thereby, since the structure of a combustor and its periphery can be simplified, size reduction and cost reduction of a fuel cell module can be achieved.

  In the fuel cell module of the present invention, the combustor is provided above the fuel cell stack, and the reformer is provided coaxially with the combustor above the combustor, and Combustion exhaust gas that is constituted by at least a triple cylindrical wall having a gap between the inner wall and the cylindrical wall between the triple cylindrical wall and in which the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustor flows. A flow path and a reforming flow path in which the raw fuel gas is reformed using the heat of the combustion exhaust gas to generate the fuel gas, and the vaporization section is located above the reforming section. Are provided on the same axis as the reforming portion, and are configured by at least a triple cylindrical or elliptical cylindrical wall having a gap between each other, and an inner side and a cylindrical shape of the triple cylindrical wall Insulated space between walls Flue gas passage of the combustion exhaust gas flows, and the vaporization flow path wherein raw fuel the raw fuel gas is vaporized is generated by heat exchange with the flue gases of which may have, respectively.

  According to this fuel cell module, since the vaporization part and the reforming part are each formed by at least a triple cylindrical wall, the structure of the vaporization part and the reforming part can be simplified, and the vaporization part and The reforming part can be reduced in size. Moreover, since the combustor, the reforming section, and the vaporizing section are arranged on the same axis, the fuel cell module can be downsized in the radial direction.

  As described above in detail, according to the combustor of the present invention, the mixed gas can be stably combusted even when the properties and composition of the mixed gas in which the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are mixed are different.

  Moreover, according to the fuel cell module of the present invention, the combustor and the surrounding structure can be simplified, and downsizing and cost reduction can be realized.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a fuel cell module. It is a principal part enlarged view of a fuel cell module. It is a principal part enlarged view of a fuel cell module. It is a principal part enlarged view of a fuel cell module. It is a perspective view of a combustor. It is a perspective view containing the longitudinal cross-section of a combustor. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a combustor. It is a cross-sectional view of a combustor. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of the combustor in the case of normal air ratio. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of a combustor when an air ratio is high. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st modification of a combustor. It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd modification of a combustor. It is a perspective view which shows the 3rd modification of a combustor. It is a perspective view which shows the 4th modification of a combustor. It is a perspective view which shows the 5th modification of a combustor. It is a perspective view which shows the 6th modification of a combustor.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

<Fuel cell module>
As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell module M according to the present embodiment includes a fuel cell stack 10, a container 20, a heat insulating layer 130, and a heat insulating material 140.

<Fuel battery cell stack>
As an example, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is applied to the fuel cell stack 10. The fuel cell stack 10 includes a plurality of flat cells 12 and a manifold 14 stacked in the vertical direction. The shape of the cell 12 may be any shape other than a flat plate shape, such as a cylindrical shape or a cylindrical flat plate shape. Each cell 12 has a fuel electrode, an electrolyte layer, and an air electrode.

  Fuel gas (reformed gas) is supplied to the fuel electrode of each cell 12, and oxidant gas is supplied to the air electrode of each cell 12. Each cell 12 generates power by the electrochemical reaction between the fuel gas and the oxidant gas, and generates heat as the power is generated.

<Container>
The container 20 includes a plurality (nine pieces) of pipe materials 21 to 29. Each of the plurality of pipe materials 21 to 29 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a perfect circular cross section, and is formed of a metal having high heat conductivity. The plurality of pipe materials 21 to 29 are arranged in order from the inside to the outside of the container 20.

  The first tube 21 from the inside of the container 20 is provided from the upper side of the fuel cell stack 10 to the upper end of the container 20. The second tube material 22 and the third tube material 23 are formed with a length corresponding to the upper portion of the first tube material 21, and the second tube material 22 is formed from the outside of the first tube material 21 to the upper portion of the tube material 21. It is joined to. The fourth pipe member 24 is provided at the center of the container 20 in the height direction, and the fifth pipe member 25 and the sixth pipe member 26 are provided from the lower end portion to the upper end portion of the container 20. . The seventh tube material 27, the eighth tube material 28, and the ninth tube material 29 are provided from the center in the height direction of the container 20 to the upper end.

  The sixth pipe member 26 and the seventh tube member 27 are connected via a connecting portion 31 extending in the horizontal direction, and the fifth pipe member 25 and the eighth tube member 28 are connected via a connecting portion 32 extending in the horizontal direction. Are connected. Further, the upper end portion of the ninth pipe member 29 is fixed to the upper end portion of the third tube member 23 via a connecting portion 33 extending in the horizontal direction.

  The lower end portion of the fifth pipe member 25 is fixed to the bottom wall portion 34, and the lower end portion of the sixth pipe member 26 is fixed to the bottom wall portion 35. The fuel cell stack 10 is placed on the bottom wall portion 34, and the bottom wall portion 34 and the bottom wall portion 35 are fixed by a spacer 36.

  The container 20 composed of the plurality of pipe materials 21 to 29 includes a vaporization unit 40, a reforming unit 60, a combustion unit 90, a preheating unit 100, and a heat exchange unit 110 according to function.

<Vaporization part>
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the vaporizing unit 40 is configured by quadruple cylindrical walls 41 to 44. The innermost tubular wall 41 of the quadruple tubular walls 41 to 44 is constituted by the upper portion of the first tubular member 21 and the second tubular member 22, and the quadruple tubular walls 41 to 44. Among them, the second cylindrical wall 42 from the inside is constituted by the third pipe member 23. In addition, the third cylindrical wall 43 from the inside of the quadruple cylindrical walls 41 to 44 is constituted by the upper part of the fifth tubular material 25, and the outermost cylinder among the quadruple cylindrical walls 41 to 44. The shaped wall 44 is constituted by the upper part of the sixth pipe member 26.

  The vaporizing section 40 constituted by the quadruple cylindrical walls 41 to 44 is provided coaxially with the reforming section 60 above the reforming section 60 described later. The quadruple cylindrical walls 41 to 44 constituting the vaporizing section 40 have a gap between each other, and from the inner side to the outer side of the quadruple cylindrical walls 41 to 44, a heat insulating space 45, A vaporization channel 46, a combustion exhaust gas channel 47, and an oxidant gas channel 48 are formed in this order.

  That is, the space inside the first cylindrical wall 41 is formed as a heat insulating space 45, and the gap between the first cylindrical wall 41 and the second cylindrical wall 42 is a vaporization channel 46. Is formed. Further, a gap between the second cylindrical wall 42 and the third cylindrical wall 43 is formed as a combustion exhaust gas flow path 47, and the third cylindrical wall 43 and the fourth cylindrical wall 44 are formed. Is formed as an oxidant gas flow path 48. In FIG. 2, the heat insulating space 45 is hollow, but the heat insulating space 45 may be filled with a heat insulating material 49.

  A raw fuel supply pipe 50 extending outward in the radial direction of the container 20 is connected to the upper end portion of the vaporization flow path 46. The raw fuel supply pipe 50 is located above the connecting portions 31 to 33. The vaporization passage 46 is formed with the upper side in the vertical direction as the upstream side, and the raw fuel 161 supplied from the raw fuel supply pipe 50 flows from the upper side in the vertical direction to the lower side in the vaporization passage 46. As the raw fuel 161 supplied from the raw fuel supply pipe 50, a hydrocarbon fuel mixed with reforming water is used. Further, as the hydrocarbon fuel contained in the raw fuel 161, for example, city gas is preferably used, but a gas mainly composed of hydrocarbon such as propane may be used, and a hydrocarbon-based liquid may be used. May be used.

  The vaporization flow path 46 is provided with a spiral member 51 formed in a spiral shape around the axial direction of the vaporization section 40, and the spiral flow path 46 causes the vaporization flow path 46 to rotate around the axial direction of the vaporization section 40. It is formed in a spiral shape.

  A lower end portion of the combustion exhaust gas channel 47 is communicated with a combustion chamber 207 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) formed in the combustor 200 via a combustion exhaust gas channel 67 formed in the reforming unit 60 described later. Yes. The combustion exhaust gas channel 47 is formed with the lower side in the vertical direction as the upstream side. The combustion exhaust gas channel 47 is discharged from the combustor 200 and supplied through the combustion exhaust gas channel 67 of the reforming unit 60. Combustion exhaust gas 168 flows from the lower side to the upper side in the vertical direction.

  A rectifying plate 52 formed in an annular shape along the circumferential direction of the combustion exhaust gas channel 47 is provided at the upper end portion of the combustion exhaust gas channel 47. A plurality of orifices 53 are formed in the current plate 52 at intervals in the circumferential direction. The plurality of orifices 53 penetrates the current plate 52 in the thickness direction. The rectifying plate 52 may be omitted.

  The upper end portion of the oxidant gas flow channel 48 communicates with an oxidant gas flow channel 118 formed in the heat exchange unit 110 described later. The oxidant gas channel 48 is formed with the upper side in the vertical direction as the upstream side. The oxidant gas channel 164 supplied from the oxidant gas channel 118 of the heat exchange unit 110 is connected to the oxidant gas channel 48. Flows from the upper side to the lower side in the vertical direction.

<Reforming section>
As shown in FIG. 3, the reforming unit 60 is configured by quadruple cylindrical walls 61 to 64. The cylindrical wall 61 located on the innermost side of the quadruple cylindrical walls 61 to 64 is constituted by the lower portion of the first tubular member 21, and the second cylinder from the inner side among the quadruple cylindrical walls 61 to 64. The shaped wall 62 is constituted by the fourth pipe member 24. Moreover, the third cylindrical wall 63 from the inside of the quadruple cylindrical walls 61 to 64 is constituted by a center portion in the height direction of the fifth tubular member 25, and the quadruple cylindrical walls 61 to 64. Of these, the outermost cylindrical wall 64 is constituted by a central portion in the height direction of the sixth pipe member 26.

  The reforming section 60 constituted by the quadruple cylindrical walls 61 to 64 is provided coaxially with the combustor 200 above a combustor 200 (see FIG. 4) described later. The quadruple cylindrical walls 61 to 64 constituting the reforming part 60 have a gap between them. A heat insulating space 65, a combustion exhaust gas channel 67, a reforming channel 66, and an oxidant gas channel 68 are formed in this order from the inside to the outside of the quadruple cylindrical walls 61 to 64.

  That is, the space inside the first cylindrical wall 61 is formed as a heat insulating space 65, and the gap between the first cylindrical wall 61 and the second cylindrical wall 62 is a combustion exhaust gas channel 67. It is formed as. Further, a gap between the second cylindrical wall 62 and the third cylindrical wall 63 is formed as a reforming channel 66, and the third cylindrical wall 63 and the fourth cylindrical wall 64 are formed. Is formed as an oxidant gas flow path 68.

  The heat insulation space 65 communicates with the heat insulation space 45 of the vaporization unit 40 described above. In FIG. 3, the heat insulating space 65 is hollow, but the heat insulating space 65 may be filled with a heat insulating material 69. The lower end portion of the combustion exhaust gas passage 67 is in communication with a combustion chamber 207 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) formed in the combustor 200 described later. The combustion exhaust gas channel 67 is formed with the lower side in the vertical direction as the upstream side, and in this combustion exhaust gas channel 67, the combustion exhaust gas 168 discharged from the combustor 200 described later flows from the lower side in the vertical direction to the upper side. .

<Mixing part and dispersion part>
A mixing unit 80 extending upward in the vertical direction is formed at the upper end of the reforming unit 60. The mixing unit 80 is located between the vaporizing unit 40 and the reforming unit 60, that is, more specifically, on the upper side of the reforming unit 60 and the radially outer side of the lower end of the vaporizing unit 40. A connecting pipe 81 extends radially outward from a part of the lower end portion of the vaporizing unit 40 in the circumferential direction. The connecting pipe 81 constitutes a connecting portion with the vaporizing section 40 in the mixing section 80, and the inside of the connecting pipe 81 is formed as an orifice 82 penetrating in the horizontal direction. The connection pipe 81 (orifice 82) is located on the radially outer side of the vaporization flow path 46 and communicates with the lower end portion of the vaporization flow path 46. The mixing unit 80 has only one connecting pipe 81 (orifice 82). The mixing portion 80 is provided with an opposing wall portion 86 that is located on the reforming channel 66 side (radially outside) with respect to the orifice 82 and faces the orifice 82.

  The inlet (upper end) of the reforming channel 66 is in communication with the vaporizing channel 46 via the mixing unit 80 and the connecting pipe 81. The reforming channel 66 is formed with the upper side in the vertical direction as an upstream side, and the raw fuel gas 162 supplied from the vaporization channel 46 flows from the upper side in the vertical direction to the lower side in the reforming channel 66.

  A partition plate 83 formed in an annular shape along the circumferential direction of the reforming channel 66 is provided at the inlet of the reforming channel 66. A plurality of orifices 84 are formed in the partition plate 83 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. The plurality of orifices 84 penetrates in the plate thickness direction (vertical direction) of the partition plate 83, and the raw fuel gas 162 flows into the reforming channel 66 through the plurality of orifices 84. A plurality of the partition plates 83 may be provided at intervals in the vertical direction.

  A reforming catalyst layer 70 for generating the fuel gas 163 from the raw fuel gas 162 is provided in the reforming channel 66 over the entire length in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the reforming channel 66. For the reforming catalyst layer 70, for example, a granular catalyst or a honeycomb catalyst carrying a metal such as nickel, ruthenium, platinum, or rhodium as an active metal is used.

  The upper end portion of the oxidant gas flow path 68 is in communication with the oxidant gas flow path 48 formed in the vaporization section 40 described above. The oxidant gas flow path 68 is formed with the upper side in the vertical direction as the upstream side, and the oxidant gas 164 supplied from the oxidant gas flow path 48 of the vaporization unit 40 is formed in the oxidant gas flow path 68. It flows from the upper side to the lower side in the vertical direction.

<Combustion part>
As shown in FIG. 4, the combustion unit 90 is provided coaxially with the reforming unit 60 below the reforming unit 60 described above. A combustor 200 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is applied inside the combustion unit 90. The combustor 200 includes a combustion chamber peripheral wall 201, a combustion chamber wall 202, a rectifying unit 203, a fuel gas chamber partition wall 204, a pair of oxidant gas chamber side partition walls 205, and a pair of oxidant gas chamber top surfaces. And a partition wall 206.

  The combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 is formed by extending the second cylindrical wall 62 from the inside out of the quadruple cylindrical walls 61 to 64 constituting the reforming section 60 (see FIG. 4). ). In the combustor 200 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the step portion 201 </ b> A is formed on the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201, but the fuel cell module M in FIGS. 1 and 4 has the step portion 201 </ b> A omitted. It is shown in The combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a combustion chamber 207 is formed inside the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201. The combustion chamber 207 formed inside the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 is formed with the vertical direction as the axial direction. In the combustion chamber 207, a mixed gas obtained by mixing a fuel gas ejected from a fuel gas nozzle 210, which will be described later, and an oxidant gas ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 is combusted.

  The combustion chamber wall 202 has a smaller diameter than the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 and is provided inside the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201. The combustion chamber wall 202 is formed by the lower end portion of the innermost tubular wall 61 among the quadruple tubular walls 61 to 64 constituting the reforming section 60 (see FIG. 4). As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the combustion chamber wall 202 is disposed above the combustion chamber 207. A gap between the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 and the combustion chamber wall 202 is formed as an inlet portion 67A of the combustion exhaust gas passage 67 formed in the reforming portion 60 described above. The combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber 207 flows into the combustion exhaust gas channel 67 from the inlet portion 67 </ b> A of the combustion exhaust gas channel 67.

  A rectifying unit 203 extending toward the lower side of the combustion chamber 207 is formed at the lower end of the combustion chamber wall 202. The rectifying unit 203 is formed in a conical shape whose diameter increases toward the upper side (downstream side) of the combustion chamber 207. The inside of this rectification | straightening part 203 and the inner side of the combustion chamber inner wall 202 are made into the cavity as an example.

  The combustion chamber inner wall 202 and the rectifying unit 203 are formed on the innermost tube 21 (see also FIG. 1) among the plurality of tubes 21 to 29 constituting the container 20 described above. A pipe 150 is provided on the axial core portion of the tube material 21. The pipe 150 is fixed to the pipe material 21, and a spark plug 151 is inserted inside the pipe 150. As shown in FIG. 1, the upper end portion of the pipe 150 is led upward from the end portion (upper end portion) opposite to the rectifying portion 203 side of the pipe material 21, and the spark plug 151 is connected to the upper end side of the pipe 150. It is inserted in the pipe 150 through the opening so that it can be inserted and removed.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the spark plug 151 includes a conductive core material 152 and an insulating material 153 that covers the core material 152. The front end portion (lower end portion) of the core material 152 is formed as an ignition electrode 154, and the portion above the front end portion of the core material 152 is formed as a conductive portion 155. The lower ends of the pipe 150 and the insulating material 153 protrude from the tip of the rectifying unit 203. The ignition electrode 154 protrudes from the lower end portions of the pipe 150 and the insulating material 153 and is disposed on the central axis L of the combustion chamber 207. The ignition electrode 154 also serves as a flame rod for detecting flame current. For example, a technique described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-117241 is applied to the technique in which the ignition electrode 154 also serves as a flame rod for detecting a flame current.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a fuel gas chamber 208 and a pair of oxidant gas chambers 209 are formed inside the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 in addition to the combustion chamber 207. The fuel gas chamber 208 is provided adjacent to the combustion chamber 207 below the combustion chamber 207. The fuel gas chamber 208 is supplied with fuel electrode exhaust gas discharged from the fuel electrode of the fuel cell stack 10 (see FIG. 4) as fuel gas. The pair of oxidant gas chambers 209 are provided adjacent to the fuel gas chamber 208 on both sides of the fuel gas chamber 208 in the radial direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201. Each oxidant gas chamber 209 is supplied with oxidant gas, which is air electrode exhaust gas discharged from the air electrode of the fuel cell stack 10 (see FIG. 4).

  The fuel gas chamber partition wall 204 is provided inside the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201. The fuel gas chamber partition wall 204 is disposed with the axial direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 as the plate thickness direction, and partitions the combustion chamber 207 and the fuel gas chamber 208. A fuel gas nozzle 210 is formed in the fuel gas chamber partition wall 204 by a number of holes penetrating the fuel gas chamber partition wall 204.

  The fuel gas nozzle 210 is provided below the combustion chamber 207 and is opened toward the upper side of the combustion chamber 207. The fuel gas nozzle 210 is disposed on the central axis L of the combustion chamber 207 by being formed at the center of the fuel gas chamber partition wall 204. As shown in FIG. 7, the fuel gas 165 supplied to the fuel gas chamber 208 is ejected from the fuel gas nozzle 210 toward the upper side of the combustion chamber 207.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the pair of oxidant gas chamber side partition walls 205 are provided on both sides of the fuel gas nozzle 210 in the radial direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201. Each oxidant gas chamber side partition wall 205 includes a combustion chamber side partition wall 211 and a fuel gas chamber side partition wall 212. The combustion chamber side partition wall 211 is erected on the combustion chamber 207 side (upper side) from the fuel gas chamber partition wall 204, and partitions the combustion chamber 207 and the oxidant gas chamber 209. On the other hand, the fuel gas chamber side partition wall 212 is erected on the opposite side (lower side) of the combustion chamber 207 from the fuel gas chamber partition wall 204, and partitions the fuel gas chamber 208 and the oxidant gas chamber 209. Yes.

  The combustion chamber side partition wall 211 has a central wall portion 213 and a pair of side wall portions 214. The central wall 213 is provided facing the fuel gas nozzle 210. The pair of side wall portions 214 are formed on both sides of the central wall portion 213 in the width direction, and are bent at an obtuse angle toward the outer peripheral portion of the combustion chamber 207 with respect to the central wall portion 213. The pair of side wall portions 214 connects both end portions of the central wall portion 213 in the lateral width direction and the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201. The fuel gas chamber side partition wall 212 has the same shape as the combustion chamber side partition wall 211.

  In each combustion chamber side partition wall 211, a first oxidant gas nozzle 215 is formed in the central wall portion 213 by a large number of holes penetrating the central wall portion 213, and each of the side wall portions 214 has a side wall. A second dioxide gas nozzle 216 is formed by a number of holes penetrating the portion 214.

  The first oxidant gas nozzle 215 is provided on the upper side (downstream side) of the combustion chamber 207 with respect to the fuel gas nozzle 210. The plurality of holes forming the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 are formed by being scattered all over the central wall portion 213, whereby the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 formed by the multiple holes in the central wall portion 213. Is disposed on a first axis L1 that intersects (as an example, orthogonally) the center axis L of the combustion chamber 207. The first axis L1 passes through the central portion of the central wall portion 213. The first oxidant gas nozzle 215 is opened along the axial direction of the first axis L1 (the radial direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201). The pair of first oxidant gas nozzles 215 formed on each central wall portion 213 are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the fuel gas nozzle 210 in the radial direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the oxidant gas 166 supplied to the oxidant gas chamber 209 is ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 toward the radially inner side of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 along the first axis L1. Is done. The oxidant gas 166 ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 intersects (orthogonally) with the fuel gas 165 ejected from the fuel gas nozzle 210 and is mixed with the fuel gas 165.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the second dioxide agent gas nozzle 216 is provided on the upper side (downstream side) of the combustion chamber 207 with respect to the fuel gas nozzle 210, similarly to the first oxidant gas nozzle 215. The plurality of holes forming the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 are formed by being scattered all over the side wall portion 214, so that the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 formed by the plurality of holes in the side wall portion 214 is burned. It arrange | positions on the 2nd axis line L2 in the position of the center axis line L of the chamber 207, and a twist. The second axis L2 passes through the central portion of the side wall portion 214. The second dioxide gas nozzle 216 is opened along the axial direction of the second axis L2 (the tangential direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201). In each combustion chamber side partition wall 211, the pair of second dioxide agent gas nozzles 216 are disposed on both sides of the first oxidant gas nozzle 215.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the oxidant gas supplied to the oxidant gas chamber 209 is ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 as the pre-oxidant gas 167. The preliminary oxidant gas 167 is ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 along the second axis L2 toward the tangential direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201. Since the central axis L that is the axis of the fuel gas nozzle 210 and the second axis L2 that is the axis of the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 are in a torsional positional relationship as described above, the preliminary oxidation ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 is performed. The agent gas 167 does not intersect with the fuel gas 165 (see FIG. 7) ejected from the fuel gas nozzle 210.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the oxidant gas chamber top partition wall 206 is arranged with the axial direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 as the plate thickness direction, and the upper end of the combustion chamber side partition wall 211 in the height direction. The combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 is connected. The oxidant gas chamber top partition wall 206 partitions the combustion chamber 207 and the oxidant gas chamber 209.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a reforming channel 66 and an oxidant gas channel 68 of the reforming unit 60 are formed around the combustor 200 described above. That is, among the quadruple cylindrical walls 61 to 64, the third and fourth cylindrical walls 63 and 64 from the inside are extended downward. A reforming channel 66 of the reforming unit 60 is formed to extend between the cylindrical wall 62 and the cylindrical wall 63, and between the cylindrical wall 63 and the cylindrical wall 64. The oxidant gas flow path 68 of the reforming unit 60 is formed to extend.

  In the present embodiment, the lower side of the combustion chamber 207 corresponds to “one side in the axial direction of the combustion chamber” in the present invention, and the upper side of the combustion chamber 207 corresponds to “the other side in the axial direction of the combustion chamber” in the present invention. It corresponds to.

<Preheating part>
As shown in FIG. 4, the preheating unit 100 (accommodating unit) is configured by double cylindrical walls 101 and 102 provided below the combustion unit 90. The inner cylindrical wall 101 of the double cylindrical walls 101 and 102 is constituted by the lower part of the fifth tubular material 25, and the outer cylindrical wall 102 of the double cylindrical walls 101 and 102 is six. It is constituted by the lower part of the second pipe member 26.

  The preheating unit 100 is provided around the fuel cell stack 10 and accommodates the fuel cell stack 10. An inner space 104 is formed inside the preheating unit 100, and a preheating flow path 105 is formed between the double cylindrical walls 101 and 102 constituting the preheating unit 100.

  The preheating channel 105 is provided with a spiral member 106 formed in a spiral shape around the axial direction of the preheating unit 100, and the helical member 106 causes the preheating channel 105 to rotate around the axial direction of the preheating unit 100. It is formed in a spiral shape.

  The upper end portion of the preheating channel 105 communicates with the oxidant gas channel 68 of the reforming unit 60, and the lower end portions of the preheating channel 105 are the bottom wall portion 34 and the bottom wall portion 35 shown in FIG. Are communicated with the oxidant gas intake 15 of the fuel cell stack 10 through an introduction path 37 formed between the two. As shown in FIG. 4, the preheating channel 105 is formed with the upper side in the vertical direction as the upstream side, and the oxidation heat supplied through the oxidant gas channel 68 of the reforming unit 60 is supplied to the preheating channel 105. The agent gas 164 flows from the upper side to the lower side in the vertical direction.

  In addition, a fuel gas pipe 107 that connects the above-described reforming channel 66 and the fuel gas intake 16 (see FIG. 1) of the fuel cell stack 10 is provided inside the preheating unit 100. The reforming channel 66 and the inside of the fuel gas pipe 107 communicate with each other through an orifice 98 provided at the lower end of the reforming channel 66.

<Heat exchange part>
As shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchanging unit 110 includes triple cylindrical walls 111 to 113 provided around the reforming unit 60 and the vaporizing unit 40 described above. The inner cylindrical wall 111 in the triple cylindrical walls 111 to 113 is configured by the seventh tube material 27, and the central cylindrical wall 112 in the triple cylindrical walls 111 to 113 is configured by the eighth tube material 28. In addition, the outer cylindrical wall 113 of the triple cylindrical walls 111 to 113 is configured by a ninth tube material 29.

  The triple cylindrical walls 111 to 113 constituting the heat exchanging unit 110 have a gap therebetween. An oxidant gas flow path 118 is formed between the inner cylindrical wall 111 and the central cylindrical wall 112, and between the outer cylindrical wall 113 and the central cylindrical wall 112, A combustion exhaust gas channel 117 is formed.

  The oxidant gas flow path 118 is provided with a spiral member 121 formed in a spiral shape around the axial direction of the heat exchange unit 110, and the oxidant gas flow path 118 is formed by the spiral member 121. 110 is formed in a spiral shape around the axial direction. Similarly, the combustion exhaust gas flow path 117 is provided with a spiral member 120 formed in a spiral shape around the axial direction of the heat exchange unit 110, and the helical exhaust member 120 causes the combustion exhaust gas flow path 117 to exchange heat. The portion 110 is formed in a spiral around the axial direction.

  An oxidant gas supply pipe 122 (see FIG. 1) extending outward in the radial direction of the container 20 is connected to the lower end portion of the oxidant gas flow path 118. A gap between the connection portion 31 and the connection portion 32 is formed as a connection flow path 38 extending in the radial direction of the container 20, and the upper end portion of the oxidant gas flow path 118 is described above via the connection flow path 38. Are communicated with an oxidant gas flow path 48 formed in the vaporizing section 40 of the gas. The oxidant gas passage 118 is formed with the lower side in the vertical direction as the upstream side, and the oxidant gas 164 supplied from the oxidant gas supply pipe 122 (see FIG. 1) is supplied to the oxidant gas passage 118. Flows from the lower side in the vertical direction to the upper side.

  The gap between the connecting portion 32 and the connecting portion 33 is formed as a connecting flow path 39 extending in the radial direction of the container 20, and the upper end portion of the combustion exhaust gas flow path 117 is connected via the connecting flow path 39. The combustion exhaust gas flow path 47 formed in the vaporization part 40 is communicated. A gas exhaust pipe 123 (see FIG. 1) extending outward in the radial direction of the container 20 is connected to the lower end portion of the combustion exhaust gas channel 117. The flue gas passage 117 is formed with the upper side in the vertical direction as the upstream side, and the flue gas 168 supplied from the flue gas passage 47 of the vaporizer 40 is lowered from the upper side in the vertical direction to the flue gas passage 117. Flows to the side.

<Insulation layer>
As shown in FIG. 1, the reforming unit 60, the vaporization unit 40, and the heat exchange unit 110 are separated from each other in the radial direction of the container 20, and the reforming unit 60, the vaporization unit 40, and the heat exchange unit 110 are separated. Between them, a cylindrical heat insulating layer 130 is interposed. The heat insulating layer 130 covers the vaporizing part 40 and the reforming part 60 from the outside.

<Insulation material>
The heat insulating material 140 has a cylindrical main body portion 141, a disk-shaped upper portion 142 and a lower portion 143, and covers the container 20. That is, the main body 141 is provided around the container 20 and covers the container 20 from the outside. The upper part 142 covers the main body part 141 from the upper side in the vertical direction and is provided around the upper part of the container 20. The upper part 142 is fixed by a fixing member 144 from the upper side in the vertical direction. The lower part 143 covers the container 20 and the main body part 141 from the lower side in the vertical direction. The surface of the heat insulating material 140 is covered with a covering sheet 145.

<Operation of fuel cell module>
Next, the operation of the fuel cell module M according to this embodiment will be described.

  When raw fuel 161 (a mixture of raw fuel and reforming water) is supplied to the vaporization flow path 46 shown in FIG. 2 through the raw fuel supply pipe 50 shown in FIG. 1, the raw fuel 161 is spirally wound. The vaporization flow path 46 formed in a shape flows from the upper side to the lower side in the vertical direction. At this time, in the vaporization unit 40, the combustion exhaust gas 168 discharged from the combustor 200 (see FIG. 4) flows through the combustion exhaust gas passage 47 from the lower side in the vertical direction to the upper side. When the combustion exhaust gas 168 flows through the combustion exhaust gas flow channel 47 adjacent to the vaporization flow channel 46, heat is exchanged between the raw fuel 161 flowing through the vaporization flow channel 46 and the combustion exhaust gas 168. And in the vaporization flow path 46, the raw fuel 161 is vaporized and the raw fuel gas 162 shown by FIG. 3 is produced | generated.

  The raw fuel gas 162 vaporized in the vaporization channel 46 flows through the orifice 82 formed inside the connection pipe 81 and flows into the inner space 85 of the mixing unit 80 formed above the reforming unit 60. At this time, the raw fuel gas 162 vaporized in the vaporization flow path 46 becomes a jet flow with an increased flow velocity when passing through the orifice 82 inside the connecting pipe 81, and the opposed wall portion 86 on the radially outer side in the mixing portion 80. Collide with. Then, the raw fuel gas 162 collides with the opposing wall portion 86 to generate a turbulent flow, and the hydrocarbon-based gas and water vapor contained in the raw fuel gas 162 are mixed.

  The raw fuel gas 162 thus mixed changes its direction from the radially outer side to the vertically lower side by colliding with the opposing wall portion 86, and a plurality of orifices 84 formed at the inlet of the reforming channel 66. Through the reforming flow path 66. Since the plurality of orifices 84 are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the reforming flow channel 66, the raw fuel gas 162 is passed through the reforming flow channel 66 by passing through the plurality of orifices 84. Inflow in the circumferential direction.

  At this time, in the reforming unit 60, the flue gas 168 discharged from the combustor 200 (see FIG. 4) flows through the flue gas passage 67 from the lower side in the vertical direction to the upper side. When the combustion exhaust gas 168 flows through the combustion exhaust gas channel 67 adjacent to the reforming channel 66, heat exchange is performed between the raw fuel gas 162 flowing through the reforming channel 66 and the combustion exhaust gas 168. In the reforming channel 66, the fuel gas 163 is generated from the raw fuel gas 162 by the reforming catalyst layer 70 using the heat of the combustion exhaust gas 168.

  The fuel gas 163 generated in the reforming channel 66 passes through the orifice 98 and flows into the fuel gas pipe 107 as shown in FIG. The fuel gas 163 is supplied to the fuel gas intake 16 (see FIG. 1) of the fuel cell stack 10 through the fuel gas pipe 107.

  On the other hand, at this time, in the heat exchange unit 110 shown in FIG. 2, the oxidant gas 164 is supplied to the oxidant gas flow path 118 through the oxidant gas supply pipe 122 (see FIG. 1). The oxidant gas 164 flows through the oxidant gas flow path 118 formed in a spiral shape from the lower side to the upper side in the vertical direction. At this time, in the heat exchange unit 110, the flue gas 168 discharged from the combustor 200 (see FIG. 4) flows through the flue gas passage 117 from the upper side to the lower side in the vertical direction. The combustion exhaust gas 168 is discharged outside the fuel cell module M through the gas discharge pipe 123 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when the flue gas 168 flows through the flue gas flow channel 117 adjacent to the oxidant gas flow channel 118, the oxidant gas 164 flowing through the oxidant gas flow channel 118 and the flue gas 168 are between. Heat exchanged. Then, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas 168 discharged to the outside of the fuel cell module M is lowered, and heat dissipation to the outside of the fuel cell module M is suppressed. On the other hand, the oxidant gas 164 absorbs the heat of the combustion exhaust gas 168 and is preheated. The oxidant gas 164 preheated in the heat exchange unit 110 flows into the oxidant gas channel 48 of the vaporization unit 40 through the connection channel 38, and then the oxidant gas channel 48 and the reforming of the vaporization unit 40. The oxidant gas flow path 68 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) of the section 60 flows from the upper side to the lower side in the vertical direction.

  In the vaporization unit 40 shown in FIG. 2, as described above, the flue gas 168 discharged from the combustor 200 (see FIG. 4) flows through the flue gas passage 47 from the lower side in the vertical direction to the upper side. When the combustion exhaust gas 168 flows through the combustion exhaust gas flow channel 47 adjacent to the oxidant gas flow channel 48, heat is exchanged between the oxidant gas 164 flowing through the oxidant gas flow channel 48 and the combustion exhaust gas 168, and the oxidant gas 164 is exchanged. Is further preheated.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 3, in the reforming unit 60, the combustion exhaust gas 168 discharged from the combustor 200 (see FIG. 4) flows through the combustion exhaust gas passage 67 from the lower side in the vertical direction to the upper side. When the combustion exhaust gas 168 flows through the combustion exhaust gas passage 67 on the opposite side of the oxidant gas passage 68 across the reforming passage 66, the oxidant gas 164 and the combustion exhaust gas 168 flowing through the oxidant gas passage 68 are modified. Heat exchange is performed via the mass flow path 66 (the reforming catalyst layer 70), and this also preheats the oxidant gas 164.

  The oxidant gas 164 preheated by flowing through the oxidant gas flow path 68 in this way flows into the preheat flow path 105 shown in FIG. 4, and the preheat flow path 105 formed in a spiral shape is moved upward in the vertical direction. Flows from the bottom to the bottom. The oxidant gas 164 flowing through the preheating channel 105 is further preheated by the heat of the fuel cell stack 10. The oxidant gas 164 preheated in the preheat channel 105 is supplied to the oxidant gas inlet 15 (see FIG. 1) of the fuel cell stack 10.

  As described above, the fuel gas (reformed gas) is supplied to the fuel gas inlet 16 of the fuel cell stack 10 shown in FIG. 1 and the oxidant gas inlet 15 of the fuel cell stack 10 is oxidized. When the agent gas is supplied, the fuel cell stack 10 generates electric power in each cell 12 by an electrochemical reaction between the fuel gas and the oxidant gas. Each cell 12 generates heat with power generation.

  When the fuel cell stack 10 is thus activated, the fuel electrode exhaust gas is discharged from the fuel electrode of the fuel cell stack 10, and the air electrode exhaust gas is discharged from the air electrode of the fuel cell stack 10. Fuel electrode exhaust gas includes fuel gas that has not been used for power generation in the fuel cell stack 10. Similarly, air electrode exhaust gas includes oxidant gas that has not been used for power generation in the fuel cell stack 10. Is included.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the fuel electrode exhaust gas discharged from the fuel electrode of the fuel cell stack 10 is supplied as fuel gas to the fuel gas chamber 208 of the combustor 200 and discharged from the air electrode of the fuel cell stack 10. The air electrode exhaust gas thus supplied is supplied as an oxidant gas to the pair of oxidant gas chambers 209 of the combustor 200.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the fuel gas 165 that is the fuel electrode exhaust gas supplied to the fuel gas chamber 208 is ejected from the fuel gas nozzle 210 toward the upper side of the combustion chamber 207 into the combustion chamber 207. Also, from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215, an oxidant gas 166 that is an air electrode exhaust gas supplied to the oxidant gas chamber 209 is jetted into the combustion chamber 207. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the pre-oxidant gas 167 that is the air electrode exhaust gas supplied to the oxidant gas chamber 209 is ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 into the combustion chamber 207.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the fuel gas nozzle 210 (perforated fuel gas chamber partition wall 204) is provided on the central axis L of the combustion chamber 207, and the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 (perforated side wall portion 214). Is arranged on the second axis L2 which is in a twisted position with the central axis L of the combustion chamber 207. Accordingly, the pre-oxidant gas 167 ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 does not intersect the fuel gas 165 (see FIG. 7) ejected from the fuel gas nozzle 210. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 (perforation of the central wall portion 213) is disposed on the first axis L <b> 1 that intersects the central axis L of the combustion chamber 207, so The jet of the oxidant gas 166 ejected from the oxidant gas nozzle 215 intersects with the jet of the fuel gas 165 ejected from the fuel gas nozzle 210.

  The fuel gas 165 ejected from the fuel gas nozzle 210 and the oxidant gas 166 ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 are mixed by crossing to generate a mixed gas. The mixed gas mixed in the combustion chamber 207 is ignited and burned by a spark formed between the ignition electrode 154 and the metal such as the pipe 150 and the fuel gas partition wall 204 shown in FIG.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, in the case of a normal air ratio (theoretical air ratio), only the oxidant gas 166 ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 is necessary for combustion of the mixed gas. Combustion slows due to lack of oxygen. Therefore, in this case, oxygen necessary for combustion of the mixed gas is also supplied to the flame 169 from the pre-oxidant gas 167 ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216, and the combustion reaction is completed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, when the air ratio is high, the oxidant gas 166 ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 has sufficient oxygen necessary for combustion of the mixed gas. Oxygen necessary for combustion of the mixed gas is supplied to the flame 169 from the oxidant gas 166 ejected from 215, and the combustion reaction is completed. Therefore, in this case, the jet of the pre-oxidant gas 167 ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 is mixed with the combustion exhaust gas 168 generated by the combustion of the mixed gas and is discharged from the combustion chamber 207.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the flame 169 is not blown out in a wide air ratio range from a normal air ratio (theoretical air ratio) to a high air ratio (for example, about λ = 5), and stable combustion is obtained.

  Then, a combustion reaction occurs in the combustion chamber 207 in this way, and the combustion exhaust gas 168 generated by this combustion reaction flows into the inlet portion 67A of the combustion exhaust gas channel 67 along the rectifying unit 203 shown in FIG. . As described above, the combustion exhaust gas 168 that has flowed into the inlet portion 67A of the combustion exhaust gas channel 67 includes the combustion exhaust gas channel 67 of the reforming unit 60, the combustion exhaust gas channel 47 of the vaporization unit 40 (see FIG. 3), and the connected flow. After flowing through the passage 39 and the combustion exhaust gas passage 117 (see FIG. 2) of the heat exchanging section 110, it is discharged to the outside of the fuel cell module M through the gas discharge pipe 123 shown in FIG.

  Next, the operation and effect of one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As described above in detail, according to the combustor 200 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the jet of the fuel gas 165 ejected from the fuel gas nozzle 210 and the oxidation ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215. The jet of the agent gas 166 intersects. As a result, a mixed region is formed by the oxidant gas 166 and the fuel gas 165 that fall within the combustion range of the fuel gas 165 while the jet of the fuel gas 165 and the jet of the oxidant gas 166 are diffused to each other. 165 and oxidant gas 166 can be effectively mixed. Thereby, even when the property, composition, etc. of the mixed gas in which the fuel gas 165 and the oxidant gas 166 are mixed are different, the mixed gas can be combusted stably.

  As shown in FIG. 9, for example, in the case of a normal air ratio (theoretical air ratio), the oxygen necessary for combustion of the mixed gas is obtained only with the oxidant gas 166 ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215. Therefore, the combustion becomes slow, and oxygen necessary for the combustion of the mixed gas is supplied to the flame 169 also from the pre-oxidant gas 167 ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216, and the combustion reaction is completed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, when the air ratio is high, the oxidant gas 166 ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 has sufficient oxygen necessary for combustion of the mixed gas. Oxygen necessary for combustion of the mixed gas is supplied to the flame 169 from the oxidant gas 166 ejected from 215, and the combustion reaction is completed. In this case, the jet of the pre-oxidant gas 167 ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 is mixed with the combustion exhaust gas 168 generated by the combustion of the mixed gas, and is discharged from the combustion chamber 207.

  As described above, the flame 169 does not blow out in a wide air ratio range from a normal air ratio (theoretical air ratio) to a high air ratio (for example, about λ = 5), and stable combustion can be obtained.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in the combustor 200, the jet of the oxidant gas 166 ejected from the pair of first oxidant gas nozzles 215 arranged to face each other is the fuel ejected from the fuel gas nozzle 210. The fuel gas 165 crosses from both sides of the gas 165 jet. Thereby, since the diffusion of the jet of the fuel gas 165 and the jet of the oxidant gas 166 can be promoted, the fuel gas 165 and the oxidant gas 166 can be more effectively mixed.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the combustor 200, the fuel gas chamber partition wall 204, the pair of oxidant gas chamber side partition walls 205, and the pair of oxidant gas chamber top partition walls 206 Thus, the combustor 200 can be partitioned into a plurality of spaces (combustion chamber 207, fuel gas chamber 208, and a pair of oxidant gas chambers 209), so that the structure of the combustor 200 can be simplified. Thereby, size reduction and cost reduction of the combustor 200 can be achieved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, in the combustor 200, the side wall portion 214 having the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 formed on the central wall portion 213 having the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 formed is the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 207. The part is bent at an obtuse angle. Therefore, since the ejection direction of the oxidant gas 166 from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 and the ejection direction of the preliminary oxidant gas 167 from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 form an acute angle, as shown in FIG. In the case of a normal air ratio (theoretical air ratio), the pre-oxidant gas 167 ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 is added to the flame 169 burned by the oxidant gas 166 from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215. It can be supplied efficiently. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, when the air ratio is high, the pre-oxidant gas 167 ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 is efficiently mixed with the combustion exhaust gas 168 generated by the combustion of the flame 169. Can do.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, in the combustor 200, the combustion exhaust gas 168 can be collected and rectified on the outer peripheral side of the combustion chamber 207 by the conical rectification unit 203, so that it is provided around the combustor 200. Of the flue gas 168 into the gas flowing through the flow paths (the reforming flow path 66 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the oxidant gas flow path 68 of the reforming unit 60, and the oxidant gas flow path 118 of the heat exchange unit 110). Heat can be transferred efficiently.

  Further, since the inside of the rectifying unit 203 is hollow, it has a heat insulating effect, and heat radiation to the inside of the rectifying unit 203 is suppressed, and the outside of the combustor 200 (the reformed flow shown in FIGS. 2 to 4). The amount of heat transferred to the path 66 etc. can be increased.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, since the spark plug 151 can be inserted into and removed from the pipe 150 through the opening on the pipe 150 opposite to the rectifying unit 203 side, the spark plug 151 can be inserted from the outside of the fuel cell module M. 151 can be exchanged easily.

  Further, according to the fuel cell module M of the present embodiment, since the above-described combustor 200 is applied, even when the properties and composition of the stack exhaust gas including the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are different at the time of start-up and power generation, The mixed gas can be stably burned by the single combustor 200. Thereby, since the structure of the combustor 200 and its periphery can be simplified, the fuel cell module M can be reduced in size and cost.

  Moreover, since the vaporization part 40 and the modification | reformation part 60 are each formed by the multiple cylindrical wall, while being able to simplify the structure of the vaporization part 40 and the modification | reformation part 60, the vaporization part 40 and the modification | reformation The part 60 can be reduced in size. Further, since the combustor 200, the reforming unit 60, and the vaporizing unit 40 are arranged coaxially, the fuel cell module M can be downsized in the radial direction.

  Next, a modification of one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the pair of side wall portions 214 provided on the combustion chamber side partition wall 211 of the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall 205 has the combustion chamber 207 with respect to the central wall portion 213. Although it is bent at an obtuse angle toward the outer peripheral portion side, as shown in FIG. 11, the pair of side wall portions 214 may be bent at a right angle toward the outer peripheral portion side of the combustion chamber 207 with respect to the central wall portion 213. .

  With this configuration, the direction in which the oxidant gas is ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 and the direction in which the preliminary oxidant gas is ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 form a right angle. A jet (secondary air) of a pre-oxidant gas ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 interferes with a mixed gas of the ejected fuel gas and the oxidant gas ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle 215. Can be suppressed. Thereby, for example, when the air ratio is high, it is possible to suppress the influence on the combustion of the mixed gas, so that the stability of the combustion of the mixed gas can be improved.

  5 and FIG. 11, the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall 205 is bent, but as shown in FIG. 12, the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall 205 is not bent. Further, it may be formed linearly along the radial direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201.

  If comprised in this way, the structure of the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall 205 and consequently the internal structure of the combustor 200 can be simplified. Thereby, size reduction and cost reduction of the combustor 200 can be achieved.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the rectification | straightening part 203 is formed in the cone shape, you may form in the dome shape.

  Even in such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 4, the combustion exhaust gas 168 can be collected and rectified on the outer peripheral side of the combustion chamber 207 by the rectifying unit 203, and thus provided around the combustor 200. The heat of the combustion exhaust gas 168 is added to the gas flowing through the flow paths (the reforming flow path 66 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the oxidant gas flow path 68 of the reforming unit 60, and the oxidant gas flow path 118 of the heat exchange unit 110). Can be transmitted efficiently.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the inner side of the rectification | straightening part 203 is made into the cavity, as FIG. 13 shows, even if the inner side of the rectification | straightening part 203 is made into the heat insulation part 217 filled with the heat insulating material. good.

  Even in such a configuration, heat radiation to the inside of the rectifying unit 203 is suppressed, and the amount of heat transmitted to the outside of the combustor 200 (such as the reforming channel 66 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4) is increased. be able to. In addition, since the heat insulating property is improved by using the heat insulating material, the amount of heat transferred to the outside of the combustor 200 can be further increased as compared with the case where the inside of the rectifying unit 203 is hollow.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the rectification | straightening part 203 is made from the metal by forming in the pipe material 21 (refer FIG. 4) which comprises the container 20, as shown in FIG. May be formed of a refractory material 218 such as ceramic.

  If comprised in this way, even if a flame arises in the vicinity of the rectification | straightening part 203, durability of the rectification | straightening part 203 can be ensured.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 is formed on each of the pair of side wall portions 214 provided on the combustion chamber side partition wall 211 of the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall 205, but is shown in FIG. As shown, in each combustion chamber side partition wall 211, a second dioxide agent gas nozzle 216 is formed on one of the pair of side wall portions 214, and a second dioxide agent gas nozzle 216 is formed on the other of the pair of sidewall portions 214. It does not have to be. Further, in each combustion chamber side partition wall 211, the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 may be biased toward one side wall part 214 side (the side where the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 is formed) in the central wall part 213. good.

  In each combustion chamber side partition wall 211, an oxidant gas nozzle 220 is formed by the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 and the second dioxide gas nozzle 216, and a pair of oxidant gas nozzles 220 formed in each combustion chamber side partition wall 211. However, they may be arranged point-symmetrically around the central axis L of the combustion chamber 207.

  With this configuration, a swirl flow 170 is formed around the central axis L of the combustion chamber 207 by the jet of the oxidant gas ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle 220, whereby the flame and the combustion exhaust gas also swirl. Therefore, the flame and the combustion exhaust gas spread to the outer peripheral side of the combustion chamber 207, and heat transfer to the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 is promoted. Thereby, the flow path provided around the combustor 200 (the reforming flow path 66 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the oxidant gas flow path 68 of the reforming unit 60, the oxidant gas flow of the heat exchange unit 110). The heat of the combustion exhaust gas 168 can be uniformly transferred to the gas flowing through the passage 118).

  In the above embodiment, when the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall 205 is formed linearly along the radial direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201, the combustion chamber side partition wall 211 is, for example, as follows. It may be formed.

  That is, in the example shown in FIG. 16, the combustion chamber side partition wall 211 of each oxidant gas chamber side partition wall 205 includes a central wall portion 213 provided facing the fuel gas nozzle 210 and a lateral width of the central wall portion 213. And a pair of extension wall portions 219 provided on both sides in the direction. The pair of extension wall portions 219 connects the central wall portion 213 and the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201.

  A first oxidant gas nozzle 215 is formed on the central wall 213. In the combustion chamber side partition wall 211 of each oxidant gas chamber side partition wall 205, the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 is formed on one of the pair of extension wall portions 219 and formed on the other of the pair of extension wall portions 219. It has not been. In each combustion chamber side partition wall 211, an oxidant gas nozzle 220 is formed by the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 and the second dioxide gas nozzle 216, and a pair of oxidant gas nozzles 220 formed in each combustion chamber side partition wall 211. Are arranged point-symmetrically about the central axis L of the combustion chamber 207.

  In addition, each oxidant gas chamber top partition wall 206 extends from the other extension wall portion 219 side (side without the second dioxide agent gas nozzle 216) to one extension wall portion 219 side (side with the second dioxide agent gas nozzle 216). It is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the combustion chamber 207 so as to be directed to the upper side of the combustion chamber 207 as it goes.

  With such a configuration, the tilting property of the swirling flow 170 formed by the jet of the oxidant gas, and consequently the swirling property of the flame and the combustion exhaust gas, is increased by the inclined oxidant gas chamber top surface partition wall 206. Therefore, the heat transfer efficiency to the combustion chamber peripheral wall 201 can be improved. Further, a flow path provided around the combustor 200 (the reforming flow path 66 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the oxidant gas flow path 68 of the reforming unit 60, and the oxidant gas flow path of the heat exchange unit 110). 118), the heat of the combustion exhaust gas 168 can be more uniformly transferred to the gas flowing through the gas. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to bend the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall 205, the combustor 200 can be reduced in size and cost.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the first oxidant gas nozzle 215 and the second dioxide gas nozzle 216 are opened in the radial direction (lateral direction) of the combustion chamber wall 201, but for example, opened obliquely above the combustion chamber 207. May be.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, as for the several cylindrical wall which comprises the preheating part 100, the combustion part 90, the reforming part 60, the vaporization part 40, the heat exchange part 110 grade | etc., All, a cross section is a perfect circle shape. It is formed in a certain cylindrical shape. However, any of these cylindrical walls may be formed in an elliptical cylinder shape whose cross section is elliptical.

  The plurality of cylindrical walls constituting the preheating unit 100, the combustion unit 90, the reforming unit 60, the vaporization unit 40, the heat exchange unit 110, and the like are formed in a cylindrical shape and an elliptical cylindrical shape. It may contain both of them.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the vaporization part 40 is the heat insulation space 45, the vaporization flow path 46, the combustion exhaust gas flow path 47, and the oxidizing gas flow path in order from the inner side to the outer side of the quadruple cylindrical walls 41 to 44. 48, the heat insulation space 45, the combustion exhaust gas passage 47, the vaporization passage 46, and the oxidant gas passage 48 may be provided in order from the inside to the outside of the quadruple cylindrical walls 41 to 44. .

  The heat exchanging unit 110 has an oxidant gas flow path 118 between the inner cylindrical wall 111 and the central cylindrical wall 112, and the outer cylindrical wall 113 and the central cylindrical wall 112 are connected to each other. A combustion exhaust gas channel 117 is provided between them. However, the heat exchanging unit 110 has a combustion exhaust gas flow channel 117 between the inner cylindrical wall 111 and the central cylindrical wall 112, and between the outer cylindrical wall 113 and the central cylindrical wall 112. Further, the structure may be changed to have the oxidant gas flow path 118.

  An oxidant gas flow path through which the oxidant gas 164 flows is formed across the heat exchange unit 110, the vaporization unit 40, and the reforming unit 60. However, the oxidant gas flow path may be omitted from the heat exchange unit 110, the vaporization unit 40, and the reforming unit 60. In this case, the vaporization unit 40 and the reforming unit 60 may be configured by triple cylindrical walls, and the oxidant gas supply pipe 122 is connected to the upper end of the preheating channel 105. Also good.

  The fuel cell module M includes the heat exchange unit 110, but the heat exchange unit 110 may be omitted.

  In addition, although the heat exchange unit 110 is provided on the radially outer side of the vaporization unit 40 and the reforming unit 60, the heat exchange unit 110 may be provided coaxially with the vaporization unit 40 above the vaporization unit 40.

  Moreover, although the preheating part 100 is comprised by the double cylindrical walls 101 and 102, you may be comprised by the triple cylindrical wall. In this case, a preheating channel 105 through which the oxidant gas flows and a fuel gas channel through which the fuel gas flows through the reforming channel 66 are interposed between the triple cylindrical walls constituting the preheating unit 100. May be formed.

  Further, instead of the preheating unit 100, a storage unit (a storage unit having no flow path) that simply stores the fuel cell stack 10 may be provided. Further, when a housing portion is provided instead of the preheating unit 100, the reforming flow channel 66, the oxidant gas flow channel 68, and the fuel cell stack 10 may be connected by piping or the like.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the combustor 200 is applied to the fuel cell module, for example, you may apply to apparatuses other than a fuel cell module. The combustor 200 may be used as a combustor for burning low calorie gas such as biogas.

  In the above embodiment, the combustor 200 is arranged so that the axial direction of the combustion chamber 207 is a vertical direction, but may be arranged so that the axial direction of the combustion chamber 207 is a horizontal direction.

  In addition, the modification which can be combined among the said several modification may be implemented combining suitably.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above, and other various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is.

M ... fuel cell module, 10 ... fuel cell stack, 40 ... vaporization section, 41-44 ... cylindrical wall, 45 ... heat insulation space, 46 ... vaporization flow path, 47 ... combustion exhaust gas flow path, 48 ... oxidant gas flow 50, raw fuel supply pipe, 60 ... reforming section, 61-64 ... cylindrical wall, 65 ... heat insulation space, 66 ... reforming flow path, 67 ... combustion exhaust gas flow path, 67A ... inlet section, 68 ... oxidation Agent gas flow path, 70 ... reforming catalyst layer, 90 ... combustion section, 100 ... preheating section, 101, 102 ... cylindrical wall, 105 ... preheating flow path, 107 ... fuel gas piping, 110 ... heat exchange section, 111- DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 113 ... Cylindrical wall, 117 ... Combustion exhaust gas flow path, 118 ... Oxidant gas flow path, 122 ... Oxidant gas supply pipe, 123 ... Gas exhaust pipe, 150 ... Pipe, 151 ... Ignition plug, 154 ... Ignition electrode, 161 ... Raw fuel, 162 ... Raw fuel gas, 163 ... Fuel gas, 1 4 ... oxidant gas, 165 ... fuel gas, 166 ... oxidant gas, 167 ... preliminary oxidant gas, 168 ... combustion exhaust gas, 169 ... flame, 170 ... swirl flow, 200 ... combustor, 201 ... combustion chamber peripheral wall, 202 ... combustion chamber wall, 203 ... rectifier, 204 ... fuel gas chamber partition wall, 205 ... oxidant gas chamber side partition wall, 206 ... oxidant gas chamber top partition wall, 207 ... combustion chamber, 208 ... fuel gas chamber, 209 ... Oxidant gas chamber, 210 ... Fuel gas nozzle, 211 ... Combustion chamber side partition wall, 212 ... Fuel gas chamber side partition wall, 213 ... Central wall portion, 214 ... Side wall portion, 215 ... First oxidant gas nozzle, 216 ... Second gas dioxide gas nozzle, 217 ... heat insulating part, 218 ... refractory material, 219 ... extended wall part, 220 ... oxidant gas nozzle

Claims (15)

A combustion chamber that is formed inside a cylindrical combustion chamber peripheral wall and in which a mixed gas in which a fuel gas and an oxidant gas are mixed is burned;
A fuel gas nozzle provided on one axial side of the combustion chamber and disposed on a central axis of the combustion chamber and ejecting the fuel gas toward the other axial side of the combustion chamber;
The fuel gas nozzle is provided on the other side in the axial direction of the combustion chamber, is disposed on a first axis that intersects the central axis of the combustion chamber, and intersects the fuel gas ejected from the fuel gas nozzle. A first oxidant gas nozzle that ejects the oxidant gas along the first axis and mixes the oxidant gas with the fuel gas;
The fuel gas nozzle is provided on the other side in the axial direction of the combustion chamber than the fuel gas nozzle, and is disposed on a second axis that is in a twisted position with respect to the center axis of the combustion chamber, and intersects the fuel gas ejected from the fuel gas nozzle. A second dioxide gas nozzle that ejects preoxidant gas along the second axis so as not to
A combustor. When the oxidant gas ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle lacks oxygen necessary for combustion of the mixed gas, the preliminary oxidant gas ejected from the second dioxide gas nozzle is used as the mixed gas. Supplied to the flame generated by the combustion of
When the oxidant gas ejected from the first oxidant gas nozzle has sufficient oxygen necessary for combustion of the mixed gas, the preliminary oxidant gas ejected from the first dioxide gas nozzle is used as the mixed gas. Mixed with the flue gas produced by combustion,
The combustor according to claim 1. A pair of the first oxidant gas nozzles;
The pair of first oxidant gas nozzles are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the fuel gas nozzle,
The combustor according to claim 1 or 2. A fuel gas chamber that is formed inside the combustion chamber peripheral wall, is adjacent to the combustion chamber on one axial side of the combustion chamber, and is supplied with the fuel gas from the outside;
An oxidant gas chamber formed inside the peripheral wall of the combustion chamber, adjacent to the fuel gas chamber in a radial direction of the peripheral wall of the combustion chamber, and supplied with the oxidant gas from the outside;
A fuel gas chamber partition wall provided inside the combustion chamber peripheral wall, dividing the combustion chamber and the fuel gas chamber, and having the fuel gas nozzle formed thereon;
Combustion chamber side that is erected on the combustion chamber side from the fuel gas chamber partition wall, partitions the combustion chamber and the oxidant gas chamber, and is formed with the first oxidant gas nozzle and the second dioxide gas nozzle Side surface of the oxidant gas chamber having a partition wall and a fuel gas chamber side partition wall that is provided on the opposite side of the combustion chamber from the fuel gas chamber partition wall and divides the fuel gas chamber and the oxidant gas chamber A partition wall;
An oxidant gas chamber top partition wall that connects the upper end of the combustion chamber side partition wall in the height direction and the combustion chamber peripheral wall, and divides the combustion chamber and the oxidant gas chamber;
The combustor according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The combustion chamber side partition wall is
A central wall provided facing the fuel gas nozzle and formed with the first oxidant gas nozzle;
A side wall portion that is bent at an obtuse angle toward the outer peripheral portion side of the combustion chamber with respect to the central wall portion, and the second dioxide gas nozzle is formed.
The combustor according to claim 4. The combustion chamber side partition wall is
A central wall provided facing the fuel gas nozzle and formed with the first oxidant gas nozzle;
A side wall portion that is bent at a right angle to the outer peripheral portion side of the combustion chamber with respect to the central wall portion, and the second dioxide gas nozzle is formed.
The combustor according to claim 4. The oxidant gas chamber side partition wall is formed linearly along the radial direction of the combustion chamber peripheral wall,
The combustor according to claim 4. Provided inside the combustion chamber peripheral wall and disposed on the other axial side of the combustion chamber to form an inlet portion of a combustion exhaust gas flow path for the combustion exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber to flow in with the combustion chamber peripheral wall A combustion chamber wall that
A rectifying part formed in a cone or dome shape that extends from the combustion chamber wall toward one side in the axial direction of the combustion chamber and expands in diameter toward the other side in the axial direction of the combustion chamber;
The combustor as described in any one of Claims 1-7. The inside of the rectifying part is a heat insulating part filled with a cavity or a heat insulating material,
The combustor according to claim 8. The rectifying part is formed of a refractory material,
The combustor according to claim 8 or 9. A pipe provided on the combustion chamber wall and the axial core of the rectifying unit;
An ignition plug having an ignition electrode inserted into the pipe from the opening opposite to the rectifying unit side in the pipe so as to be insertable / removable and projecting from the pipe on the tip side;
The combustor according to claim 10. A pair of oxidant gas nozzles constituted by the first oxidant gas nozzle and the second dioxide gas nozzle are provided,
The pair of oxidant gas nozzles are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center axis of the combustion chamber.
The combustor as described in any one of Claims 1-11. A pair of the oxidant gas chamber, the oxidant gas chamber side partition wall, and the oxidant gas chamber top partition wall, respectively,
The combustion chamber side partition walls of the oxidant gas chamber side partition walls are
A central wall provided facing the fuel gas nozzle and formed with the first oxidant gas nozzle;
A pair of extended wall portions provided on both sides of the central wall portion in the width direction, and connecting the central wall portion and the combustion chamber peripheral wall;
In the combustion chamber side partition wall of each of the oxidant gas chamber side partition walls, the second dioxide gas nozzle is formed on one of the pair of extension wall portions,
Each of the oxidant gas chamber top partition walls extends in the axial direction of the combustion chamber from the other extension wall portion side toward the other extension wall portion side toward the other axial direction of the combustion chamber. Tilted,
Combustor according to claim 12 when dependent on claim 4. A solid oxide fuel cell stack that generates electricity by an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas and an oxidant gas;
A vaporization section in which raw fuel is vaporized to produce raw fuel gas;
A reforming section in which the fuel gas is generated from the raw fuel gas;
Burning stack exhaust gas containing fuel gas that is fuel electrode exhaust gas discharged from the fuel electrode of the fuel cell stack and oxidant gas that is air electrode exhaust gas discharged from the air electrode of the fuel cell stack, A combustor according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
A fuel cell module comprising: The combustor is provided above the fuel cell stack,
The reforming section is provided coaxially with the combustor above the combustor, and is configured by at least a triple cylindrical wall having a gap therebetween, and an inner side of the triple cylindrical wall And between the cylindrical walls, a heat insulating space, a combustion exhaust gas passage through which the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustor flows, and the raw fuel gas is reformed using the heat of the combustion exhaust gas, so that the fuel gas Each has a reforming flow path in which
The vaporization unit is provided coaxially with the reforming unit above the reforming unit, and is configured by a cylindrical wall of at least a triple cylindrical or elliptical cylinder having a gap between each other, and Between the inner side and the cylindrical wall of the triple cylindrical wall, the raw fuel gas is vaporized by heat exchange with the heat insulation space, the combustion exhaust gas passage through which the combustion exhaust gas flows, and the combustion exhaust gas. Each has a vaporization channel in which is generated,
The fuel cell module according to claim 14.

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