JP2017032004A - High pressure gas storage method and tank - Google Patents

High pressure gas storage method and tank Download PDF

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JP2017032004A
JP2017032004A JP2015149762A JP2015149762A JP2017032004A JP 2017032004 A JP2017032004 A JP 2017032004A JP 2015149762 A JP2015149762 A JP 2015149762A JP 2015149762 A JP2015149762 A JP 2015149762A JP 2017032004 A JP2017032004 A JP 2017032004A
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tank
water
carbon dioxide
pressure gas
pressure
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山本　肇
Hajime Yamamoto
肇 山本
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Taisei Corp
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Taisei Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/007—Underground or underwater storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/044—Avoiding pollution or contamination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0128—Storage in depth
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high pressure gas storage method which enables a high pressure gas to be easily stored at low costs, and to provide a tank.SOLUTION: A carbon dioxide storage method includes: an installation step where a second tank 6 is installed on a sea bottom S1 or in the sea S2; and an injection step where carbon dioxide is injected into the second tank 6. The second tank 6 installed on the sea bottom S1 or in the sea S2 includes: a tank body 61 for storing carbon dioxide; and a floating prevention member 62 attached to the tank body 61.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、高圧ガスの貯蔵方法およびタンクに関する。   The present invention relates to a high-pressure gas storage method and a tank.

近年、地球温暖化対策として、二酸化炭素を地中に貯留する方法が注目されている。   In recent years, a method of storing carbon dioxide in the ground has attracted attention as a measure against global warming.

例えば、特許文献１には、火力発電所等から排出される二酸化炭素を回収し、沖合の貯留地付近まで船舶で輸送し、海底下の地層中に貯留する方法が開示されている。   For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which carbon dioxide discharged from a thermal power plant or the like is recovered, transported by ship to the vicinity of an offshore storage area, and stored in a formation below the seabed.

このような地中貯留方法では、船舶への積載前と地層中への貯留前に高圧の二酸化炭素をタンクに一時的に貯蔵する場合がある。船舶への積載前に利用されるタンクは、地上または地下に設置され、地層中への貯留前に利用されるタンクは、海上に設置されている。   In such an underground storage method, high-pressure carbon dioxide may be temporarily stored in a tank before being loaded on a ship and before being stored in the formation. Tanks used before loading on ships are installed on the ground or underground, and tanks used before storage in the formation are installed on the sea.

特開２００９−７８２２８号公報JP 2009-78228 A

地上や海上にタンクを設置し、タンクに高圧の二酸化炭素を貯蔵すると、タンク内外の圧力差が大きくなるため、タンクの壁厚を大きくしたり、高強度材料でタンクを作製したりして耐圧性能を高める必要がある。そのため、タンクの製造コストが嵩む。特に、タンクを大容量化するほど、より高い耐圧性能が求められるので、製造コストが嵩む。   When a tank is installed on the ground or the sea and high pressure carbon dioxide is stored in the tank, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tank increases, so the tank wall thickness is increased or the tank is made of high-strength material. There is a need to increase performance. This increases the manufacturing cost of the tank. In particular, as the capacity of the tank is increased, higher pressure resistance is required, and thus the manufacturing cost increases.

地下にタンクを設置する場合には、地盤を堀削する必要があるため、タンクの設置コストが嵩むとともに、タンクの設置作業が煩雑となる。   When a tank is installed underground, it is necessary to excavate the ground, which increases the installation cost of the tank and complicates the tank installation work.

本発明は、このような観点から創案されたものであり、安価かつ容易に高圧ガスを貯蔵できる高圧ガスの貯蔵方法およびタンクを提供することを課題とする。   The present invention was created from such a viewpoint, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-pressure gas storage method and a tank that can store high-pressure gas inexpensively and easily.

前記の課題を解決するために、本発明に係る高圧ガスの貯蔵方法は、水底または水中にタンクを設置する設置工程と、前記タンク内に高圧ガスを注入する注入工程と、を備えたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the high-pressure gas storage method according to the present invention comprises an installation step of installing a tank in the bottom of the water or water, and an injection step of injecting the high-pressure gas into the tank. Features.

本発明に係る高圧ガスの貯蔵方法によれば、高圧ガスの圧力が内圧としてタンクに作用し、水圧が外圧としてタンクに作用するため、地上または海上にタンクを設置する場合に比べて、タンク内外の圧力差が小さくなる。このため、タンク自体の耐圧性能を軽減することが可能となり、タンクの製造コストを低減できる。また、水底または水中にタンクを設置するだけでよいため、地盤を堀削する必要がなく、タンクの設置コストを低減できるとともに、タンクの設置作業が容易となる。   According to the high pressure gas storage method of the present invention, the pressure of the high pressure gas acts on the tank as an internal pressure, and the water pressure acts on the tank as an external pressure. Therefore, compared with the case where the tank is installed on the ground or on the sea, The pressure difference becomes smaller. For this reason, the pressure resistance performance of the tank itself can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the tank can be reduced. Further, since it is only necessary to install the tank in the bottom of the water or in the water, it is not necessary to excavate the ground, the tank installation cost can be reduced, and the tank installation work is facilitated.

また、前記設置工程では、前記タンク内に水を注入した後、水底または水中に前記タンクを設置することが好ましい。このようにすると、水が重りとなり、タンクを沈めやすくなる。   In the installation step, it is preferable to install the tank in the bottom of water or in water after injecting water into the tank. If it does in this way, water will become heavy and it will become easy to sink a tank.

また、前記注入工程では、高圧ガスを圧入することにより、前記タンク外へ水を排出することが好ましい。このようにすると、高圧ガスの圧力によりタンク内の水を迅速に押し出すことができる。   Moreover, in the said injection | pouring process, it is preferable to discharge water out of the said tank by injecting high pressure gas. If it does in this way, the water in a tank can be rapidly extruded by the pressure of high pressure gas.

また、少なくとも前記注入工程前に、前記タンクに浮上防止材を取り付けることが好ましい。このようにすると、水底または水中にタンクを確実に設置できる。   Moreover, it is preferable to attach an anti-floating material to the tank at least before the injection step. If it does in this way, a tank can be installed reliably in the bottom of the water or underwater.

前記の課題を解決するために、本発明に係るタンクは、水底または水中に設置されたタンクであって、高圧ガスを貯蔵するタンク本体と、前記タンク本体に取り付けられた浮上防止材と、を備えたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above problems, a tank according to the present invention is a tank installed in the bottom of water or in water, and includes a tank main body for storing high-pressure gas, and an anti-floating material attached to the tank main body. It is characterized by having.

本発明に係るタンクによれば、高圧ガスの圧力が内圧としてタンクに作用し、水圧が外圧としてタンクに作用するため、地上または海上にタンクを設置する場合に比べて、タンク内外の圧力差が小さくなる。このため、タンク自体の耐圧性能を軽減することが可能となり、タンクの製造コストを低減できる。また、水底または水中にタンクを設置するだけでよいため、地盤を堀削する必要がなく、タンクの設置コストを低減できるとともに、タンクの設置作業が容易となる。さらに、浮上防止材を備えるので、水底または水中にタンクを確実に設置できる。   According to the tank of the present invention, the pressure of the high-pressure gas acts on the tank as the internal pressure, and the water pressure acts on the tank as the external pressure. Get smaller. For this reason, the pressure resistance performance of the tank itself can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the tank can be reduced. Further, since it is only necessary to install the tank in the bottom of the water or in the water, it is not necessary to excavate the ground, the tank installation cost can be reduced, and the tank installation work is facilitated. Further, since the anti-floating material is provided, the tank can be reliably installed in the bottom of the water or in water.

本発明に係る高圧ガスの貯蔵方法およびタンクによれば、安価かつ容易に高圧ガスを貯蔵できる。   According to the high pressure gas storage method and tank of the present invention, high pressure gas can be stored inexpensively and easily.

本発明の実施形態に係るタンクを備えた二酸化炭素の地中貯留システムを説明するための説明図である。It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the underground storage system of the carbon dioxide provided with the tank which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 実施形態に係るタンクの設置状態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the installation state of the tank which concerns on embodiment. 本発明の実施形態に係る二酸化炭素の貯蔵方法を説明するための図であり、（ａ）は注水工程を示す側面図であり、（ｂ）は沈設工程を示す側面図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the storage method of the carbon dioxide which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) is a side view which shows a water injection process, (b) is a side view which shows a settling process.

本発明の実施形態に係る二酸化炭素の貯蔵方法について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。説明において、同一の要素には同一の符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。   A carbon dioxide storage method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

本実施形態に係る二酸化炭素の貯蔵方法の説明に先立って、二酸化炭素の地中貯留システムについて説明する。   Prior to the description of the carbon dioxide storage method according to the present embodiment, a carbon dioxide underground storage system will be described.

図１に示すように、二酸化炭素の地中貯留システム１００は、排出源１から排出される二酸化炭素を回収し、沖合の貯留地付近まで輸送し、貯留対象層９に貯留するためのシステムである。
地中貯留システム１００は、分離回収装置２と、第１昇圧装置３と、第１タンク４と、船舶５と、第２タンク６と、第２昇圧装置７と、圧入井８とを備えている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the carbon dioxide underground storage system 100 is a system for collecting the carbon dioxide discharged from the emission source 1, transporting it to the vicinity of the offshore storage area, and storing it in the storage target layer 9. is there.
The underground storage system 100 includes a separation and recovery device 2, a first pressure booster 3, a first tank 4, a ship 5, a second tank 6, a second pressure booster 7, and a pressure well 8. Yes.

分離回収装置２は、排出源１の排気ガスに含まれる二酸化炭素を分離して回収するための装置である。分離回収装置２は、陸上に設置された排出源１に付設されている。排出源１は、例えば火力発電所、ゴミ焼却施設、製鉄所、石油精製施設、セメント工場等である。   The separation / recovery device 2 is a device for separating and recovering carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas of the discharge source 1. The separation / recovery device 2 is attached to an emission source 1 installed on land. The emission source 1 is, for example, a thermal power plant, a garbage incineration facility, a steel mill, an oil refinery facility, a cement factory, or the like.

第１昇圧装置３は、分離回収装置２で回収された二酸化炭素を昇圧して液化するための装置である。第１昇圧装置３は、陸上に設置されている。第１昇圧装置３は、例えばコンプレッサ等から成る。   The first booster 3 is a device for boosting and liquefying the carbon dioxide recovered by the separation and recovery device 2. The first booster 3 is installed on land. The first booster 3 is composed of, for example, a compressor.

第１タンク４は、第１昇圧装置３で液化された二酸化炭素を一時的に貯蔵するための中空容器である。第１タンク４は、陸上に設置されている。第１タンク４の形状や材質等は、特段限定されるものではないが、本実施形態の第１タンク４は、中空円柱状の鋼製タンクである。   The first tank 4 is a hollow container for temporarily storing carbon dioxide liquefied by the first pressure increasing device 3. The first tank 4 is installed on land. Although the shape, material, etc. of the 1st tank 4 are not specifically limited, The 1st tank 4 of this embodiment is a hollow cylindrical steel tank.

船舶５は、第１タンク４から沖合の貯留地付近まで二酸化炭素を輸送するための輸送手段である。二酸化炭素は、液化された状態で輸送される。なお、二酸化炭素の輸送手段として、例えばパイプライン等を使用してもよい。船舶５については、後に詳しく説明する。   The ship 5 is a transportation means for transporting carbon dioxide from the first tank 4 to the vicinity of the offshore storage area. Carbon dioxide is transported in a liquefied state. For example, a pipeline or the like may be used as a means for transporting carbon dioxide. The ship 5 will be described in detail later.

第２タンク６は、船舶５で輸送されてきた二酸化炭素を一時的に貯蔵するための中空容器である。第２タンク６は、沖合の貯留地付近の海底Ｓ１（図２参照）に設置されている。第２タンク６は、例えば水深１００ｍ〜１０００ｍの海域に設置される。第２タンク６内には、液体状態かつ高圧の二酸化炭素（高圧ガス）が貯蔵される。すなわち、海底Ｓ１が低温環境下にあるため、第２タンク６内の二酸化炭素の液体状態を保持しやすくなっている。   The second tank 6 is a hollow container for temporarily storing carbon dioxide transported by the ship 5. The second tank 6 is installed on the seabed S1 (see FIG. 2) near the offshore storage area. The second tank 6 is installed, for example, in a sea area with a water depth of 100 m to 1000 m. In the second tank 6, liquid and high-pressure carbon dioxide (high-pressure gas) is stored. That is, since the seabed S1 is in a low temperature environment, the liquid state of carbon dioxide in the second tank 6 is easily maintained.

第２タンク６の耐圧性能は、第１タンク４よりも低く設定してもよい。すなわち、海底Ｓ１付近の水圧が外圧として第２タンク６に作用するので、陸上に設置される第１タンク４に比べて、第２タンク６内外の圧力差が小さくなり、ひいては、第２タンク６の耐圧性能を軽減することが可能となる。第２タンク６内に貯蔵された二酸化炭素は、排出管１２（図２参照）を通じて第２昇圧装置７へと排出される。第２タンク６については、後に詳しく説明する。   The pressure resistance of the second tank 6 may be set lower than that of the first tank 4. That is, since the water pressure in the vicinity of the seabed S1 acts on the second tank 6 as an external pressure, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the second tank 6 becomes smaller than that of the first tank 4 installed on land. It is possible to reduce the pressure resistance performance of the. The carbon dioxide stored in the second tank 6 is discharged to the second booster 7 through the discharge pipe 12 (see FIG. 2). The second tank 6 will be described in detail later.

第２昇圧装置７は、第２タンク６から排出された二酸化炭素を昇圧するための装置である。図示は省略するが、第２昇圧装置７は、着底式または浮体式の海洋構造物に設置されている。第２昇圧装置７は、例えばコンプレッサ等から成る。第２昇圧装置７で昇圧された二酸化炭素は、図示せぬ圧送管を通じて圧入井８へと圧送される。   The second booster 7 is a device for boosting the carbon dioxide discharged from the second tank 6. Although not shown, the second booster 7 is installed in a bottomed or floating offshore structure. The second booster 7 is composed of, for example, a compressor. The carbon dioxide boosted by the second booster 7 is pumped to the press-fit well 8 through a pumping pipe (not shown).

圧入井８は、海底Ｓ１にボーリングを行うことにより貯留対象層９に到達するように形成されたボーリング孔である。第２タンク６から圧送されてきた二酸化炭素は、圧入井８を通じて貯留対象層９に圧入（注入）される。   The injection well 8 is a boring hole formed so as to reach the storage target layer 9 by boring the seabed S1. Carbon dioxide pumped from the second tank 6 is press-fitted (injected) into the storage target layer 9 through the press-fit well 8.

次に、図２を参照して、船舶５および第２タンク６について更に詳しく説明する。   Next, the ship 5 and the second tank 6 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

船舶５は、二酸化炭素を貯蔵するためのガスタンク５１と、水を貯蔵するための水タンク５２とを有している。水タンク５２には、後記するようにタンク本体６１内の水が排水される。水タンク５２に排水された水は、再利用してもよい。なお、水タンク５２自体を省略してもよい。この場合には、排水された水を所定の方法で処理し、海に放流してもよい。   The ship 5 has a gas tank 51 for storing carbon dioxide and a water tank 52 for storing water. The water in the tank body 61 is drained into the water tank 52 as will be described later. The water drained into the water tank 52 may be reused. The water tank 52 itself may be omitted. In this case, the drained water may be treated by a predetermined method and discharged into the sea.

第２タンク６は、タンク本体６１と、タンク本体６１の外面に取り付けられた浮上防止材６２とを備えている。   The second tank 6 includes a tank body 61 and an anti-floating material 62 attached to the outer surface of the tank body 61.

タンク本体６１の形状や材質等は、特段限定されるものではないが、本実施形態のタンク本体６１は、中空円柱状の鋼製タンクである。タンク本体６１は、長さ方向（軸線方向）が横方向を指向する横置きで海底Ｓ１に設置されている。なお、後記するように第２タンク６の設置時（二酸化炭素の注入前）には、タンク本体６１内に水が注入される。   The shape, material, and the like of the tank body 61 are not particularly limited, but the tank body 61 of the present embodiment is a hollow columnar steel tank. The tank main body 61 is installed on the seabed S1 in a horizontal orientation in which the length direction (axial direction) is oriented in the horizontal direction. As will be described later, when the second tank 6 is installed (before carbon dioxide is injected), water is injected into the tank body 61.

タンク本体６１は、第１接続部６１ａ、第２接続部６１ｂおよび第３接続部６１ｃを有している。なお、第１接続部６１ａ、第２接続部６１ｂおよび第３接続部６１ｃの配置は、図示のものに限定されることなく適宜変更してよい。   The tank body 61 has a first connection portion 61a, a second connection portion 61b, and a third connection portion 61c. Note that the arrangement of the first connection portion 61a, the second connection portion 61b, and the third connection portion 61c is not limited to the illustrated one, and may be changed as appropriate.

第１接続部６１ａは、ガスタンク５１からタンク本体６１内へ二酸化炭素を注入する際に使用されるものである。図２に示す第１接続部６１ａは、タンク本体６１の上部外周面から上向きに突設されている。第１接続部６１ａは、注入管１０を介して、船舶５のガスタンク５１に接続されている。注入管１０としては、例えばライザーパイプ等が用いられる。   The first connecting portion 61 a is used when carbon dioxide is injected from the gas tank 51 into the tank main body 61. The first connection portion 61 a shown in FIG. 2 is projected upward from the upper outer peripheral surface of the tank body 61. The first connecting portion 61 a is connected to the gas tank 51 of the ship 5 through the injection pipe 10. As the injection tube 10, for example, a riser pipe or the like is used.

なお、注入管１０は、第１接続部６１ａに常時接続し、船舶５が到着する度にガスタンク５１に接続してもよいし、または、ガスタンク５１に常時接続し、船舶５が到着する度に第１接続部６１ａに接続してもよい。前者の場合には、注入管１０の船舶側端部を海上に引き上げて海洋構造物に載置してもよいし、または、注入管１０を海底Ｓ１や海中Ｓ２に沈めておき、船舶５が到着する度に拾い上げてもよい。   The injection pipe 10 is always connected to the first connecting portion 61a and may be connected to the gas tank 51 every time the ship 5 arrives, or is always connected to the gas tank 51 and every time the ship 5 arrives. You may connect to the 1st connection part 61a. In the former case, the end of the injection pipe 10 on the ship side may be lifted to the sea and placed on the marine structure, or the injection pipe 10 may be submerged in the sea floor S1 or the sea S2 and the ship 5 You may pick it up every time you arrive.

第２接続部６１ｂは、タンク本体６１から水タンク５２内へ水を排水する際に使用されるものである。図２に示す第２接続部６１ｂは、タンク本体６１の軸方向の一端面（左側面）から横向きに突設されている。第２接続部６１ｂは、タンク本体６１の上下方向の中間部よりも下方に（タンク本体６１の底部外周面付近に）位置している。第２接続部６１ｂは、排水管１１を介して、船舶５の水タンク５２に接続されている。   The second connection portion 61 b is used when draining water from the tank body 61 into the water tank 52. The second connection portion 61b shown in FIG. 2 is provided so as to project laterally from one end surface (left side surface) of the tank body 61 in the axial direction. The second connection portion 61 b is located below the intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the tank body 61 (near the bottom outer peripheral surface of the tank body 61). The second connection portion 61 b is connected to the water tank 52 of the ship 5 through the drain pipe 11.

なお、排水管１１は、第２接続部６１ｂに常時接続し、船舶５が到着する度に水タンク５２に接続してもよいし、または、水タンク５２に常時接続し、船舶５が到着する度に第２接続部６１ｂに接続してもよい。前者の場合には、排水管１１の船舶側端部を海上に引き上げて海洋構造物に載置してもよいし、または、排水管１１を海底Ｓ１や海中Ｓ２に沈めておき、船舶５が到着する度に拾い上げてもよい。   The drain pipe 11 is always connected to the second connection portion 61b and may be connected to the water tank 52 every time the ship 5 arrives, or is always connected to the water tank 52 and the ship 5 arrives. You may connect to the 2nd connection part 61b every time. In the former case, the ship side end of the drain pipe 11 may be pulled up to the sea and placed on the marine structure, or the drain pipe 11 may be submerged in the sea floor S1 or the sea S2 and the ship 5 You may pick it up every time you arrive.

第３接続部６１ｃは、タンク本体６１から第２昇圧装置７へ二酸化炭素を排出する際に使用されるものである。図２に示す第３接続部６１ｃは、タンク本体６１の軸方向の他端面（右側面）から横向きに突設されている。第３接続部６１ｃは、タンク本体６１の上下方向の中間部よりも上方に（タンク本体６１の上部外周面付近に）位置している。第３接続部６１ｃは、排出管１２を介して、第２昇圧装置７に接続されている。   The third connecting portion 61 c is used when discharging carbon dioxide from the tank main body 61 to the second pressure increasing device 7. The third connecting portion 61c shown in FIG. 2 protrudes laterally from the other end surface (right side surface) of the tank body 61 in the axial direction. The third connection portion 61 c is located above the vertical middle portion of the tank body 61 (near the upper outer peripheral surface of the tank body 61). The third connection portion 61 c is connected to the second booster 7 through the discharge pipe 12.

浮上防止材６２は、第２タンク６に作用する浮力に抗し、第２タンク６の浮き上がりを防止するためのものである。浮上防止材６２とタンク本体６１の総重量は、沈設状態の第２タンク６に作用する浮力よりも大きく設定される。第２タンク６の浮き上がりを防止できれば、浮上防止材６２の形状や材質等は、特段限定されるものではない。浮上防止材６２として、例えば、土砂、岩石、重量物、アンカー等を用いてもよいし、これらの中から適宜組み合わせたものを用いてもよい。   The anti-floating material 62 is for resisting the buoyancy acting on the second tank 6 and preventing the second tank 6 from rising. The total weight of the anti-levitation material 62 and the tank body 61 is set to be larger than the buoyancy acting on the second tank 6 in the set-up state. As long as the second tank 6 can be prevented from rising, the shape, material, and the like of the anti-lifting material 62 are not particularly limited. As the anti-floating material 62, for example, earth and sand, rocks, heavy objects, anchors, or the like may be used, or those appropriately combined from these may be used.

本実施形態に係る地中貯留システム１００は、基本的に以上のように構成されるものであり、次に、図２および図３を参照して、本実施形態に係る二酸化炭素の貯蔵方法について説明する。   The underground storage system 100 according to the present embodiment is basically configured as described above. Next, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the carbon dioxide storage method according to the present embodiment. explain.

本実施形態に係る二酸化炭素の貯蔵方法は、第２タンク６（タンク本体６１）を海底Ｓ１に設置する設置工程と、海底Ｓ１に設置された第２タンク６（タンク本体６１）内に二酸化炭素を注入する注入工程とを備えている。   The carbon dioxide storage method according to the present embodiment includes an installation step of installing the second tank 6 (tank body 61) on the seabed S1, and carbon dioxide in the second tank 6 (tank body 61) installed on the seabed S1. And an injection process for injecting.

図３に示す設置工程は、注水工程と、沈設工程とを含んでいる。
なお、第２タンク６（タンク本体６１）は、陸上で作製された後、空の状態のまま図示せぬ運搬船により貯留地付近まで曳航される。 The installation process shown in FIG. 3 includes a water injection process and a sinking process.
In addition, after the 2nd tank 6 (tank main body 61) is produced on land, it is towed to the storage site vicinity with the carrier ship which is not shown in the sky.

図３（ａ）に示す注水工程は、貯留地付近の海上において、タンク本体６１内に注水する工程である。注水工程では、図示せぬ海洋構造物や船からタンク本体６１内に水を注入してもよいし、海からタンク本体６１内に海水を注入してもよい。このとき、配管１３により水の供給源とタンク本体６１とを接続する。図３（ａ）に示す配管１３の一端部は、第１接続部６１ａに接続され、図示せぬ他端部は、供給源に接続される。注水作業の完了後には、第１接続部６１ａから配管１３を抜脱する。   The water injection step shown in FIG. 3A is a step of pouring water into the tank body 61 on the sea near the storage area. In the water injection process, water may be injected into the tank body 61 from an unillustrated offshore structure or ship, or seawater may be injected into the tank body 61 from the sea. At this time, the water supply source and the tank body 61 are connected by the pipe 13. One end of the pipe 13 shown in FIG. 3A is connected to the first connecting portion 61a, and the other end not shown is connected to a supply source. After the water injection operation is completed, the pipe 13 is removed from the first connection portion 61a.

この注水工程を行うと、水が重りとなり、タンク本体６１を沈めやすくなる。
なお、タンク本体６１内全体に水を入れて（すなわちタンク本体６１内を満水状態として）、入れた水に圧力をかけると、タンク本体６１内全体に内圧が作用し、二酸化炭素の注入前においても、タンク本体６１内外の圧力差を小さくできる。 If this water injection process is performed, water will become heavy and it will become easy to sink the tank main body 61. FIG.
In addition, when water is poured into the entire tank body 61 (that is, the tank body 61 is filled) and pressure is applied to the filled water, the internal pressure acts on the entire tank body 61 and before carbon dioxide is injected. In addition, the pressure difference inside and outside the tank body 61 can be reduced.

図３（ｂ）に示す沈設工程は、注水されたタンク本体６１を海底Ｓ１に沈設する工程である。タンク本体６１の沈設作業には、例えば起重機船１４を使用する。
本実施形態では、沈設工程後に、タンク本体６１に浮上防止材６２（図２参照）を取り付ける。なお、浮上防止材６２は、少なくとも注入工程前までに取り付けておけばよい。例えば、陸上でタンク本体６１に浮上防止材６２を取り付けて曳航してもよいし、海上でタンク本体６１に浮上防止材６２を取り付けてから沈設してもよい。 The sinking step shown in FIG. 3B is a step of sinking the poured tank body 61 on the seabed S1. For example, the hoist ship 14 is used for the setting work of the tank body 61.
In the present embodiment, the anti-floating material 62 (see FIG. 2) is attached to the tank main body 61 after the setting step. The anti-floating material 62 may be attached at least before the injection step. For example, the anti-floating material 62 may be attached to the tank body 61 on land and towed, or the anti-floating material 62 may be attached to the tank body 61 at sea and then submerged.

図２に示す注入工程では、まず注入管１０により第１接続部６１ａとガスタンク５１とを相互に接続し、排水管１１により第２接続部６１ｂと水タンク５２とを相互に接続する。
続いて、船舶５のガスタンク５１内からタンク本体６１内へ高圧の二酸化炭素を注入（圧入）する。二酸化炭素を注入すると、二酸化炭素の圧力により、タンク本体６１内の水が押し出される。すなわち、二酸化炭素の注入と水の排水を同時に行うことができる。押し出された水は、排水管１１を通じて水タンク５２内へと排水される。
なお、二酸化炭素の圧力を利用することなく、船舶５に搭載されたポンプ等により水を汲み上げてから、二酸化炭素を注入してもよい。この場合には、水を汲み上げる前に、浮上防止材６２を取り付けて、水が無くてもタンク本体６１が浮き上がらないようにする。 In the injection process shown in FIG. 2, first, the first connecting part 61 a and the gas tank 51 are connected to each other by the injection pipe 10, and the second connecting part 61 b and the water tank 52 are connected to each other by the drain pipe 11.
Subsequently, high-pressure carbon dioxide is injected (press-fitted) from the gas tank 51 of the ship 5 into the tank body 61. When carbon dioxide is injected, the water in the tank body 61 is pushed out by the pressure of the carbon dioxide. That is, carbon dioxide can be injected and water can be drained simultaneously. The extruded water is drained into the water tank 52 through the drain pipe 11.
Note that carbon dioxide may be injected after pumping up water with a pump or the like mounted on the ship 5 without using the pressure of carbon dioxide. In this case, before the water is pumped up, the anti-floating material 62 is attached so that the tank body 61 does not rise even if there is no water.

タンク本体６１内の水が二酸化炭素に入れ替わった後、二酸化炭素の注入を停止する。二酸化炭素の容量が少ない場合には、水の一部を排水せずに残したり、海水を加えたりして、タンク本体６１内全体に内圧が作用する状態を維持してもよい。   After the water in the tank body 61 is replaced with carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide injection is stopped. When the capacity of carbon dioxide is small, a state in which the internal pressure acts on the entire tank body 61 may be maintained by leaving a part of the water without draining or adding seawater.

以上の工程を経て、二酸化炭素が第２タンク６内に貯蔵される。なお、第２タンク６のメンテナンス作業には、例えばＲＯＶ（Remotely Operated Vehicle）やＡＵＶ（Autonomous Underwater Vehicle）等が使用される。   Through the above steps, carbon dioxide is stored in the second tank 6. For the maintenance work of the second tank 6, for example, an ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle), an AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle), or the like is used.

以上説明した本実施形態に係る二酸化炭素の貯蔵方法によれば、二酸化炭素を貯蔵する第２タンク６を海底Ｓ１に設置することにより、二酸化炭素の圧力が内圧としてタンク本体６１に作用し、水圧が外圧としてタンク本体６１に作用するため、地上または海上にタンクを設置する場合に比べて、タンク本体６１内外の圧力差が小さくなる。このため、タンク本体６１自体の耐圧性能を軽減することが可能となり、タンク本体６１の製造コストを低減できる。
また、第２タンク６を海底Ｓ１に設置するだけでよいため、地盤を堀削する必要がなく、第２タンク６の設置コストを低減できるとともに、第２タンク６の設置作業が容易となる。 According to the carbon dioxide storage method according to the present embodiment described above, by installing the second tank 6 for storing carbon dioxide on the seabed S1, the pressure of carbon dioxide acts on the tank body 61 as an internal pressure, and the water pressure Acts on the tank body 61 as an external pressure, so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tank body 61 becomes smaller than when a tank is installed on the ground or the sea. For this reason, the pressure resistance performance of the tank body 61 itself can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the tank body 61 can be reduced.
Moreover, since it is only necessary to install the second tank 6 on the seabed S1, it is not necessary to excavate the ground, the installation cost of the second tank 6 can be reduced, and the installation work of the second tank 6 becomes easy.

また、本実施形態によれば、タンク本体６１内に注水した後、タンク本体６１を海底Ｓ１に設置するため、水が重りとなり、タンク本体６１を沈めやすくなる。   Moreover, according to this embodiment, since water is poured into the tank main body 61 and then the tank main body 61 is installed on the seabed S1, water becomes heavy and the tank main body 61 is easily submerged.

また、本実施形態によれば、高圧の二酸化炭素ガスを圧入するため、二酸化炭素の高い圧力により、タンク本体６１内の水を迅速に押し出すことができる。
特に、本実施形態によれば、二酸化炭素の注入口である第１接続部６１ａをタンク本体６１の上部外周面に設け、排水口である第２接続部６１ｂをタンク本体６１の底部外周面付近に設けているため、タンク本体６１内の水がスムーズに押し出されやすくなる。 Further, according to the present embodiment, since the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas is injected, the water in the tank body 61 can be pushed out quickly by the high pressure of carbon dioxide.
In particular, according to the present embodiment, the first connection portion 61 a that is an inlet for carbon dioxide is provided on the upper outer peripheral surface of the tank main body 61, and the second connection portion 61 b that is a drain outlet is near the bottom outer peripheral surface of the tank main body 61. Therefore, the water in the tank body 61 is easily pushed out smoothly.

タンク本体６１は、水よりも比重が軽い二酸化炭素が貯蔵される中空容器であるため、タンク本体６１のみでは海面上に浮き上がるおそれがある。これに対し、本実施形態によれば、タンク本体６１に浮上防止材６２を取り付けているため、第２タンク６を海底Ｓ１に確実に設置できる。   Since the tank body 61 is a hollow container in which carbon dioxide having a lighter specific gravity than water is stored, the tank body 61 alone may float on the sea surface. On the other hand, according to this embodiment, since the anti-floating material 62 is attached to the tank body 61, the second tank 6 can be reliably installed on the seabed S1.

以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更して実施できるのはいうまでもない。
本実施形態では、高圧の二酸化炭素を貯蔵する場合を例示したが、二酸化炭素以外の高圧ガスを貯蔵する場合にも本発明を適用することができる。例えば、発電に利用する圧縮空気、天然ガス、液化石油ガス等を貯蔵する場合にも本発明を適用することができる。また、貯蔵される二酸化炭素等は、気体または液体のいずれの状態であってもよい。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it goes without saying that the embodiments can be appropriately modified and implemented without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the case where high-pressure carbon dioxide is stored has been illustrated, but the present invention can also be applied to the case where high-pressure gas other than carbon dioxide is stored. For example, the present invention can also be applied when storing compressed air, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, or the like used for power generation. The stored carbon dioxide and the like may be in a gas or liquid state.

本実施形態では、第２タンク６を海底Ｓ１に設置したが、第２タンク６を海底Ｓ１から離間した状態で海中Ｓ２に設置してもよい。この場合には、例えば海洋構造物に設置された楊重装置や吊り材等により第２タンク６を海中Ｓ２に吊下げ支持してもよい。   In this embodiment, although the 2nd tank 6 was installed in the seabed S1, you may install the 2nd tank 6 in the sea S2 in the state spaced apart from the seabed S1. In this case, for example, the second tank 6 may be suspended and supported in the sea S <b> 2 by a weighting device or a suspension member installed in the offshore structure.

本実施形態では、第１タンク４および第２タンク６として、中空円柱状の鋼製タンクを用いたが、第１タンク４および第２タンク６の形状や材質等を限定する趣旨ではない。第１タンク４および第２タンク６として、例えば球形状や角形状等のタンクを用いてもよいし、鉄筋コンクリート製タンク（ＲＣタンク）やプレストレストコンクリート製タンク（ＰＣタンク）等を用いてもよい。ＰＣタンクを用いる場合には、二酸化炭素によるＰＣ鋼材の腐食を防ぐために、耐ＣＯ2セメントを使用するのが望ましい。 In the present embodiment, hollow cylindrical steel tanks are used as the first tank 4 and the second tank 6, but the shape and material of the first tank 4 and the second tank 6 are not limited. As the first tank 4 and the second tank 6, for example, a spherical or square tank may be used, or a reinforced concrete tank (RC tank), a prestressed concrete tank (PC tank), or the like may be used. In the case of using a PC tank, it is desirable to use a CO 2 cement-resistant to prevent corrosion of the PC steel material by carbon dioxide.

本実施形態では、第２タンク６を海底Ｓ１に設置したが、第１タンク４に対して本発明を適用することができる。すなわち、第１タンク４を海底Ｓ１または海中Ｓ２に設置してもよい。   In the present embodiment, the second tank 6 is installed on the seabed S <b> 1, but the present invention can be applied to the first tank 4. That is, the first tank 4 may be installed on the seabed S1 or the sea S2.

１００ 地中貯留システム
６ 第２タンク（タンク）
６１ タンク本体
６２ 浮上防止材
Ｓ１ 海底（水底）
Ｓ２ 海中（水中） 100 Underground storage system 6 Second tank (tank)
61 Tank body 62 Anti-floating material S1 Sea bottom (water bottom)
S2 Underwater (underwater)

Claims (5)

水底または水中にタンクを設置する設置工程と、
前記タンク内に高圧ガスを注入する注入工程と、
を備えたことを特徴とする高圧ガスの貯蔵方法。 An installation process of installing a tank in the bottom or underwater;
An injection step of injecting high-pressure gas into the tank;
A method for storing high-pressure gas, comprising: 前記設置工程では、前記タンク内に水を注入した後、水底または水中に前記タンクを設置することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の高圧ガスの貯蔵方法。   2. The high-pressure gas storage method according to claim 1, wherein, in the installation step, the water is injected into the tank and then the tank is installed in the bottom of the water or in water. 前記注入工程では、高圧ガスを圧入することにより、前記タンク外へ水を排出することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の高圧ガスの貯蔵方法。   3. The high pressure gas storage method according to claim 2, wherein in the injection step, water is discharged out of the tank by press-fitting high pressure gas. 少なくとも前記注入工程前に、前記タンクに浮上防止材を取り付けることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の高圧ガスの貯蔵方法。   The high-pressure gas storage method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an anti-floating material is attached to the tank at least before the injection step. 水底または水中に設置されたタンクであって、
高圧ガスを貯蔵するタンク本体と、
前記タンク本体に取り付けられた浮上防止材と、
を備えたことを特徴とするタンク。 A tank installed in the bottom of the water or in the water,
A tank body for storing high-pressure gas;
An anti-floating material attached to the tank body;
A tank characterized by comprising.
JP2015149762A 2015-07-29 2015-07-29 High pressure gas storage method and tank Pending JP2017032004A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1043601B1 (en) * 2020-03-16 2021-10-19 Fizzy Transition Ventures Bv Method and system for transporting CO2 over water.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1043601B1 (en) * 2020-03-16 2021-10-19 Fizzy Transition Ventures Bv Method and system for transporting CO2 over water.

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