JP2017024353A - Printer with roll coping with ghost, and roll for coping with ghost - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize "reduction of ghost" by making a fixing roll reciprocally swing once during a period a plate cylinder rotates by two to four times, and by making a fixing roll in a bottom stream and/or a second fixing roll from the bottom stream reciprocally swing or the like.SOLUTION: A printer 1 has a fixing roll 2 that rotates and a plate cylinder 3 that contacts to fixing roll 2 and rotates. The fixing roll 2 at least includes a swing roll 4 which reciprocally swings once along a roll rotation axis J during a period in which the plate cylinder 3 rotates 2 to 4 times. Otherwise, the printer 1 has a plurality of fixing rolls 2 which rotate and the plate cylinder 3 which contacts to the plurality of fixing rolls 2 and rotates. A fixing roll 2d in bottom stream among the plurality of fixing rolls 2 and/or a second fixing roll 2c from the bottom stream may be a swing roll 4 which reciprocally swings along the roll rotation axis J.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a printing press having a rotating landing roll, a plate cylinder in contact with the rotating roll, and a roll member thereof.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a printing apparatus is known that includes a lithographic plate in which an ink repellent material is provided in a non-image area, and inking means for supplying ink to the lithographic plate in a thin film form (Patent Document 1).
The printing apparatus is configured to cool the ink and heat or dry it with hot air until the ink is sent to the lithographic plate, or apply a thickener to the ink or irradiate ultraviolet rays on the lithographic plate. A thickening means for increasing the viscosity of the ink.

JP-A-8-309961

Although the printing apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is intended to prevent ink supply unevenness and ghosting, one of the kneading rollers is reciprocated in the axial direction.
However, as in the printing apparatus of Patent Document 1, if one of the kneading rollers is reciprocated (oscillated) and the ink form roller is not reciprocated, “a lithographic plate provided with an ink repellent substance” and “ Since there are only two elements of “ink”, for example, changes in ink viscosity and tension affect print quality (see FIG. 7).

  That is, in the printing apparatus of Patent Document 1, when the kneading roller is reciprocated (swinged), there is a risk of causing a printing failure such that the printed material becomes dirty. The problem of “ghost” that appears in

  In view of the above, the present invention makes the landing roll reciprocate once, while the plate cylinder rotates twice or more and four times or less, or the second downstream from the most downstream landing roll and / or the most downstream. It is an object of the present invention to provide a printing machine and a roll member that can realize “reduction of ghost” by reciprocally swinging the roll.

  A printing press according to the present invention is a printing press having a rotating landing roll and a plate cylinder that contacts and rotates with the landing roll, and the plate cylinder rotates between two and four times on the landing roll. The first feature is that at least a rocking roll that reciprocates once along the roll rotation axis is included.

  A second feature of the printing press according to the present invention is a printing press having a rotating landing roll and a plate cylinder that contacts and rotates with the landing roll, and the landing roll is rotated six times along the roll rotation axis. This is a rocking roll that reciprocally rocks at least 300 minutes / minute.

  A third feature of the printing press according to the present invention is a printing press having a plurality of rotating landing rolls and a plate cylinder that contacts and rotates with the plurality of landing rolls, and is the most downstream of the plurality of landing rolls. The second landing roller from the most downstream side and / or the second landing roller is a rocking roll that reciprocally rocks along the roll rotation axis.

  A fourth feature of the printing press according to the present invention is a printing press having a plurality of rotating landing rolls and a plate cylinder that contacts and rotates with the plurality of landing rolls, and is the most downstream of the plurality of landing rolls. The second landing roll from the most downstream side is a rocking roll that reciprocates once along the roll rotation axis while the plate cylinder rotates two to four times. is there.

  A fifth feature of the printing press according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first to fourth features, the swing roll has a reciprocating swing width of 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less.

  A sixth feature of the printing press according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first to fifth features, the swing roll includes a planetary gear mechanism therein.

  A seventh feature of the printing press according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first to sixth features, dampening water is not used.

With these features, when the swing roll 4 that reciprocally swings along the roll rotation axis J is included in at least the landing roll 2, as in Patent Document 1, when only the kneading roll is swung, Unlike the roll that swings the rocking roll 4 once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates once, and the roll that rocks by the force of the spring, the plate cylinder 3 moves twice or more at the same time. By rotating the rocking roll 4 (ringing roll 2) one reciprocation (that is, “slowly”) while rotating 4 times or less, there is no difference in density of printed matter (lattice pattern), and the printing quality is good. (See FIG. 3).
This is because the oscillating roll 4 is reciprocated once while the plate cylinder 3 makes one rotation, or the oscillating roll is oscillated by the force of a spring, etc. Although the moving speed is not constant and the ink on the plate cylinder 3 is smoothed, it is considered that the non-image area in the plate cylinder 3 is stained or the printed matter is eventually stained. By slowly reciprocatingly swinging, “ghost reduction” can be realized.
The reciprocating speed (reciprocating rocking speed) S of the rocking roll 4 is, in other words, the speed at which the rocking roll 4 reciprocally rocks 6 to 300 times / min. I can say that.

Further, among the plurality of landing rolls 2, the most downstream landing roll (for example, the fourth landing roll 2 d) and / or the second landing roll from the most downstream (for example, the third landing roll 2 c) is used as the roll rotation axis J. In addition to supplying ink onto the plate cylinder 3 by using the oscillating roll 4 that reciprocally oscillates along the surface, it also has a role of collecting ink that has been excessively supplied. Even if the third landing roll 2c or the fourth landing roll 2d, which has been shunned as having a high possibility of causing a problem in quality, is intentionally swung back and forth, as shown in FIG. No difference in density occurs, and the print quality is good (that is, ghost can be greatly reduced).
The most downstream landing roll 2 and / or the second downstream landing roll 2 among the plurality of landing rolls 2 is rotated along the roll rotation axis J while the plate cylinder 3 rotates two to four times. Alternatively, the rocking roll 4 can be swung back and forth once.

  Furthermore, by setting the reciprocating rocking width of the rocking roll 4 to 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less, there is no difference in the density of the printed matter and the printing quality is good (that is, further “ghost reduction”). It can be planned).

Then, by providing the planetary gear mechanism 6 inside the rocking roll 4, there is no jerky pulsation (rattle), and the rocking roll 4 is reciprocally swung “very smoothly” (an accurate sine curve is drawn). ), The ink film on the plate cylinder 3 can be made smoother, and “ghosting can be greatly reduced”.
The printing machine 1 may be a “waterless printing machine” that does not use dampening water.

  The roll member 4 according to the present invention has a first feature that the roll member 4 reciprocally swings along the roll rotation axis while the outer peripheral surface of the roll base body rotates 5 times or more and 15 times or less.

  Due to this feature, the density difference of the printed matter (lattice pattern) does not occur by reciprocating once along the roll rotation axis J while the outer peripheral surface of the roll base 11 rotates 5 times or more and 15 times or less. It can be said that the print quality is good (see FIG. 3), and “ghost reduction” can be realized.

  According to the printing press and the roll member according to the present invention, the second downstream landing roller and / or the second downstream landing roller that reciprocally swings the landing roll once while the plate cylinder rotates 2 times or more and 4 times or less. “Reduction of ghost” can be realized by reciprocating the roll.

It is a side surface schematic diagram showing the printing machine and roll member concerning the present invention. It is a section front view showing the planetary gear mechanism in the roll member concerning the present invention. It is a cross-sectional side view which shows the meshing location of the internal gear and external gear in a planetary gear mechanism. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the printed matter by the Example of Test 1 in this invention. 3 is a drawing-substituting photograph showing a printed material according to a comparative example of Test 1. FIG. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the printed matter used for the evaluation in Test 2 in this invention. In Test 2, it is an enlarged drawing substitute photograph which shows the evaluation part of printed matter. 6 is a graph showing the measurement results of Test 2 (vertical axis: ΔL, horizontal axis: n−1). 4 is a graph showing the measurement results of Test 2 (vertical axis: ΔD _K , horizontal axis: n−1). It is a graph (vertical axis: G, horizontal axis: n-1) which shows the measurement result of test 2.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Overall configuration>
FIG. 1 shows a printing press 1 and a swing roll (roll member) 4 according to the present invention.
The printing machine 1 has at least a landing roll 2 and a plate cylinder 3 in contact with the landing roll 2, and may be a waterless offset printing machine, a waterless offset printing machine, or the like. The machine will be explained in detail as an example.

The printing machine 1 includes an ink fountain, an ink fountain roll immersed in ink in the ink fountain, an ink kneading roll (intermediate roll) 5, an ink fountain roll and an ink kneading roll, in addition to the landing roll 2 and the plate cylinder 3. And an ink calling roll for transferring (transferring) ink from the ink base roll to the ink kneading roll 5.
Among the roll members described above, the ink kneading roll (intermediate roll) 5 is in contact with the landing roll 2.

The ink fountain, the ink base roll, and the ink call roll are not shown, but the ink kneading roll (intermediate roll) 5 is shown in FIG.
The printing machine 1 is also effective in solid (solid) printing that does not cause ghosting. In the solid (solid) printing, printing failure due to color density, ink coating thickness unevenness, etc. Similarly, even in a coating apparatus equipped with a transfer roll for transferring paint such as varnish or adhesive, poor coating due to thickness unevenness of the coating film such as varnish or adhesive is reduced.

<Ringing roll 2>
As shown in FIG. 1, the landing roll 2 is a roll member that transfers the ink from the ink kneading roll (intermediate roll) 5 described above to the plate cylinder 3.
A plurality of (for example, four) landing rolls 2 are provided, and the downstreammost landing roll 2 (2d in FIG. 1) among the plurality of landing rolls 2 reciprocally swings along the roll rotation axis J. This is a swing roll 4.
Further, in the landing roll 2 of the present invention, not only the most downstream landing roll 2d, but also the second landing roll from the most downstream (2c in FIG. 1) may be the swing roll 4.

The “most downstream landing roll 2” in the present invention refers to the landing roll 2 that is on the most downstream side in the rotation direction of the plate cylinder 3 (see the arrow in FIG. 1) among the plurality of landing rolls 2. Is a landing roll 2d. Note that the landing roll 2d is also the fourth landing roll (fourth landing roll) 2 from the most upstream side).
The “second landing roll 2 from the most downstream” in the present invention is the second landing roll from the most downstream side in the rotation direction of the plate cylinder 3 (see the arrow in FIG. 1) among the plurality of landing rolls 2. 2, in FIG. 1, it is a landing roll 2 c. Note that the landing roll 2c can also be said to be the third landing roll 2 (third landing roll) from the most upstream side.

Note that the number of landing rolls 2 is not limited to four, and any number may be used as long as it is plural, such as three or five. When there are three landing rolls 2, the most downstream landing roll ( That is, the third landing roll) 2 may be the swing roll 4.
When there are five landing rolls 2, the most downstream landing roll (that is, the fifth landing roll) 2 and the second downstream landing roll (that is, the fourth landing roll) 2 are swung. The roll 4 may be used.

If the material of the peripheral surface of the landing roll 2 is rubber, a vulcanized rubber (thermosetting elastomer) obtained by kneading a raw material with a vulcanizing agent and then heating, a thermosetting resin-based elastomer, or the like may be used. .
The vulcanized rubber used for the landing roll 2 is roughly classified into natural rubber and synthetic rubber, and any of them may be used.

For example, synthetic rubbers are more specifically described: nitrile rubber (NBR), urethane rubber (polyurethane (PU)), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), polyvinyl chloride rubber (PVC) ), Isoprene rubber (IR), chloroprene rubber (CR), polyisobutylene (butyl rubber (IIR)), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), acrylic rubber (ACM), epichlorohydrin rubber (CO) , ECO).
The rubber used for the landing roll 2 has a Shore A hardness (type A durometer hardness) according to JIS-K-6253-3: 2012, and may be, for example, 25 ° or more and 40 ° or less. .

The rubber used for the landing roll 2 is preferably a rubber having good resistance to ink whose weight and volume change rate are within ± 2% as a result of a 168 hour immersion test on the printing ink used.
This is because if the rubber used for the landing roll 2 swells with respect to the ink, the outer diameter of the landing roll 2 becomes thick, the pressure on the plate surface of the plate cylinder 3 increases, and printing stains are caused.
Of the plurality of landing rolls 2 described so far, the swing roll 4 used in the downstreammost landing roll 2 and the like will be described in detail below.

<Oscillating roll 4, planetary gear mechanism 6>
2 and 3 show a swing roll (roll member according to the present invention) 4 used as the landing roll 2. The swing roll 4 may have any configuration as long as it swings back and forth along the roll rotation axis J. For example, the swing roll 4 may include a planetary gear mechanism 6. In addition, if the swing roll 4 can swing with a precise sine curve (stabilized reciprocating swing speed S described later) without jerky pulsation, the spring, air, needle bearing, etc. It may consist of.
In the following, the case where the rocking roll 4 has the planetary gear mechanism 6 will be mainly described.
2 and 3 also illustrate the planetary gear mechanism 6, and the planetary gear mechanism 6 has a roll base 11 in a pipe shape and is made of a material such as metal.
A cylindrical body 38 for projecting a shaft member that rotatably supports a slotted groove (guide) 32 and a cam flower (guide) 35 is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the roll base 11. 38 constitutes a part of the roll base 11.

Reference numeral 12 denotes an outer peripheral surface layer laminated on the outer peripheral surface of the roll base 11 and constitutes the outer surface of the swing roll 4. Two support plates 26 and 26 are attached to the support shaft 14, and a support shaft of an external gear 27 and a shaft rod 37 are bridged between the support plates 26 and 26.
The driving shaft 30 and the driven rotating cylinder 31 are rotatably supported on the support shaft 14 by meshing the inner gears 28 and 29 with the left and right sides of the outer gear 27. Thus, the support shaft 14 to which the external gear 27, the driving rotary cylinder 30, and the driven rotary cylinder 31 are mounted is fitted into the cylinder 38 and pivotally supports the roll base 11 at the end.

A support bearing 39 is placed on the sliding contact portion of the support shaft 14 with the cylindrical body 38, and this support bearing 39 constitutes a part of the support shaft 14.
The outer peripheral surface of one end of the driving rotary cylinder 30 on the opposite side of the internal gear 28 is elongated in the direction of the axis of the driving rotary cylinder 30 (that is, the roll rotation axis J) and protrudes into the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 38. A long hole groove 32 in which the provided pulley 33 is loosely fitted is provided.

A cam flower 35 that is continuous in the circumferential direction of the driven rotary cylinder 31 and protrudes from the inner peripheral face of the cylindrical body 38 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of one end of the driven rotary cylinder 31 on the opposite side of the internal gear 29. A cam groove (34) is provided.
Between the support shaft 14 and the driving rotary cylinder 30, the support shaft and the driven rotary cylinder 31, and between the support bearing 39 and the roll base 11 (38), needle bearings indicated by X marks (often horizontally long marks) are interposed. However, each of them can be rotated with respect to each other.

Further, the side surfaces of the support bearing 39 and the roll base 11 (38), the side surfaces of the support bearing 39 and the driven rotary cylinder 31, the external gear support plate 26 and the driving rotary cylinder 30, and the external gear support plate 26 and the driven gear are also included. Stroke bearings, which are illustrated with crosses (cross marks), are interposed at locations where the rotating members contact each other on the side surfaces, such as the side surfaces of the rotating cylinder 31, so that the rotation of these members is not hindered. .
In the oscillating roll 4 of the present invention, when a roller cylinder, an ink foam roll, a fan ten roll, or the like that is rotationally driven by a motor is in contact with the roller, the roll base 11 (cylinder 38) is rotationally driven by these rolls.

By this rotational drive, the pulley 33 projecting from the inner peripheral surface pushes the groove wall surface of the long hole groove 32 to rotationally drive the driving rotary cylinder 30, and the internal gear 28 integrated with the driving rotary cylinder 30 is an external gear. The driven rotary cylinder 31 is driven to rotate together with the internal gear 29 through the motor 27.
At that time, since the internal gears 28 and 29 together with the external gear 27 constitute a kind of mysterious gear mechanism, the rotation angle of the cam follower 35 that rotates together with the roll base 11 and the rotation of the driven rotating cylinder 31 rotate together. A difference in accordance with the difference in the number of teeth of the internal gear 28 of the driving rotary cylinder and the internal gear 29 of the driven rotary cylinder is generated between the rotation angle of the cam 34 and the cam 34 acting on the cam follower 35 and the roll base 11. Oscillates along the axis (roll rotation axis J) direction.
At this time, the pulley 33 projecting from the roll base 11 is loosely fitted in the long hole groove 32 that is long in the axial direction of the driving rotary cylinder 30, so that the axial direction of the roll base 11 (roll Oscillation about the rotation axis J) is not hindered by the pulley 33.

By adjusting the cam 34 and the cam follower 35, it is possible to change the number of rotations of the roll base 11 so that the swing roll 4 swings once.

<Reciprocating rocking speed S of rocking roll 4>
The oscillating roll 4 may have a reciprocating oscillating speed S that reciprocally oscillates once along the roll rotation axis J while the plate cylinder 3 rotates 2 times or more and 4 times or less. While the plate cylinder 3 rotates 2.5 times or more and 4.0 times or less (for example, 3 times), a reciprocating rocking speed S that reciprocally rocks once along the roll rotation axis J may be used.
In other words, the reciprocating rocking speed S is a speed of reciprocating rocking along the roll rotation axis J from 6 times / minute to 300 times / minute (0.1 times / second to 5.0 times / second). Preferably, 12 times / minute or more and 240 times / minute or less (0.2 times / second or more and 4.0 times / second or less), more preferably 18 times / minute or more and 180 times / minute or less (0 (3 times / second or more and 3.0 times / second or less) The reciprocating rocking speed may be used.
In other words, the reciprocating rocking speed S of the rocking roll (roll member) 4 is such that the reciprocating rocking motion is performed once along the roll rotation axis J while the outer peripheral surface of the roll base 11 is rotated 5 times or more and 15 times or less. It may be a reciprocating rocking speed S that moves, and is preferably reciprocated once along the roll rotation axis J while the outer peripheral surface of the roll base 11 rotates 7 times or more and 15 times or less (for example, 10 times). The reciprocating rocking speed S may be used.

<Plate cylinder 3, intermediate roll 5>
As shown in FIG. 1, the plate cylinder 3 is a roll member that transfers the ink transferred from the landing roll 2 to a transfer cylinder on which a rubber blanket is wound.
The intermediate roll 5 is also called an ink kneading roll, and is a roll member that functions to knead ink and maintain the fluidity of the ink while the ink is transferred from the ink fountain to the landing roll 2. The intermediate roll 5 may be configured to swing along the roll rotation axis J ′.

The outer peripheral surfaces of the plate cylinder 3 and the intermediate roll 5 may be covered with any material depending on the application. For example, hard materials such as hard resin or metal, rubber, carbon fiber (carbon Fiber), ceramic (polyamide resin), engineer plastic, etc. may be used.
As a material of the peripheral surface (the outermost peripheral surface portion) of the plate cylinder 3 and the intermediate roll 5, for example, if it is a metal, chromium, copper, aluminum, nickel, etc. may be used. The base material (base) of the roll body 2 may be coated by plating, or a pipe formed of these metals may be baked and covered.
The base of the plate cylinder 3 and the intermediate roll 5 may be any material, but may be iron, stainless steel (SUS), or the like.

For example, if the carbon fiber (carbon fiber) is used as the material of the peripheral surfaces of the plate cylinder 3 and the intermediate roll 5, a PAN-based carbon fiber obtained by carbonizing polyacrylonitrile fiber or a pitch precursor (coal tar or heavy petroleum) Pitch-based carbon fibers obtained by carbonizing a pitch fiber obtained using a component as a raw material may be used.
Further, as the material of the peripheral surface of the plate cylinder 3 and the intermediate roll 5, for example, if it is ceramic (ceramics), it is a material made of an inorganic substance obtained by molding and firing, and is made of ceramic, glass, refractory, insulator. Ceramic products such as ceramics (old ceramics), and fine ceramics (new ceramics) having fire resistance, dielectric properties, magnetism and the like including carbides and nitrides may be used.

As a material of the peripheral surface of the plate cylinder 3 and the intermediate roll 5, for example, rubber, a vulcanized rubber (thermosetting elastomer) obtained by kneading a raw material with a vulcanizing agent and then heating, or thermosetting Resin elastomer may be used.
The vulcanized rubber used for the plate cylinder 3 and the intermediate roll 5 is roughly classified into natural rubber and synthetic rubber, and any of them may be used.
For example, synthetic rubbers are more specifically described: nitrile rubber (NBR), urethane rubber (polyurethane (PU)), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), polyvinyl chloride rubber (PVC) ), Isoprene rubber (IR), chloroprene rubber (CR), polyisobutylene (butyl rubber (IIR)), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), acrylic rubber (ACM), epichlorohydrin rubber (CO) , ECO).

<Reciprocal swing width of the swing roll 4 and the intermediate roll 5>
The reciprocating rocking width when the rocking roll 4 reciprocates once along the roll rotation axis J is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less, preferably 8 mm or more and 25 mm or less, more preferably 12 mm. It may be 20 mm or less (15 mm or the like).
Further, this reciprocating rocking width may be smaller than the reciprocating rocking width of the intermediate roll 5 when the intermediate roll (ink kneading roll) 5 rocks.

<Examples 1-3, comparative example>
First, examples and comparative examples used in tests 1 and 2 of the present invention will be described.
In Example 1, in the printing machine (offset printing machine “GL40” manufactured by Komori Corporation), among the four landing rolls 2, only the fourth landing roll 2 (2d) was used as the swing roll 4.
In this embodiment, the reciprocating rocking width (rocking stroke) of the rocking roll 4 is 15 mm (7.5 mm on each side), and the rocking speed (rocking timing) S of the rocking roll 4 is determined by the plate cylinder 3. The speed of reciprocating rocking (one stroke) once along the roll rotation axis J during three rotations.

The second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment described above in that only the fourth landing roll 2d is the swing roll 4, but the swing speed S is the same as the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice. In addition, the speed is such that it swings once back and forth along the roll rotation axis J, and the rest is the same as in the first embodiment.
In the third embodiment, only the fourth landing roll 2d is used as the swing roll 4 in the printing machines of the first and second embodiments described above, and the swing speed S is the rotation of the roll while the plate cylinder 3 is rotated four times. The speed of reciprocating once along the axis J is the same as in the first and second embodiments.
On the other hand, the comparative example is the same as the first to third embodiments except that none of the landing rolls 2 is the swing roll 4 in the printing presses of the first to third embodiments described above.

<Test 1>
In Test 1, waterless printing was performed on the above-described Example 1 and Comparative Example by using a printed matter on which printing density unevenness tends to occur intentionally.
The results of Test 1 are shown in FIGS.

As a result of Test 1, in Example 1, the printed matter (FIG. 4) has no lattice pattern density difference, and it can be determined that the print quality is good.
On the other hand, in the comparative example, a density difference occurs in the printed matter (FIG. 5), and this density difference appears as a numerical value difference in Test 2 described later, but visually more than the numerical value difference. It can be said that the density difference can be judged.

<Test 2>
In Test 2 as well as in Test 1, waterless printing was intentionally performed using a printed matter on which printing density unevenness is likely to occur, but not only in Example 1 and Comparative Example, but also in an oscillation speed S different. Waterless printing was also performed for Examples 2 and 3, and the density difference due to the difference in rocking speed S was quantified.
In addition, the measurement position of the printed matter in Test 2 is shown in FIGS.

<L ^* value in Test 2>
In this test 2, at the measurement positions shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, there are density differences (differences in density) (that is, ghost occurrence locations) at intervals of 5 mm, and from left to right in FIGS. 7 points (n point, n = 7) continuously toward L ^* a ^* b ^* color system L ^* value, a ^* value, b ^* specified in JIS-Z-8781-4: 2013 The values and the values of C (cyan), M (magenta), Y (yellow), and K (black) were measured.
The measuring device for measuring the L ^* value is “SPECTRO DENS D-61462” manufactured by TECHKON GmbH.

Based on the seven L ^* values measured for Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example, ΔD _K , ΔL, and ghost index G (unit:%) are shown in Tables 1 to 4 below and FIG. -10. Here, Table 1 represents each numerical value of the comparative example, Table 2 represents each numerical value of Example 2, Table 3 represents each numerical value of Example 1, and Table 4 represents each numerical value of Example 3.

The above-described formula for calculating ΔD _K is “ΔD _K = (maximum black value at seven measurement points) − (black value at each measurement point)”.
Formula for ΔL is "L ^* values of the measured point value of black is maximum at the seven measurement points) - (L ^* value at each measuring point)" is.
The calculation formula of the ghost index G (%) is “{(D1−D2) / D1} × 100”, and D1 in the calculation formula is “black located on the white line of the ghost generated at the measurement position”. D2 is “the value of black located in the solid portion of the ghost generated at the measurement position”.

<Evaluation of Tests 1 and 2>
From Tests 1 and 2, Examples 1 to 3 in which the fourth landing roll 2d is the swinging roll 4 among the four landing rolls 2 are compared to the comparative example in which none of the landing rolls 2 is the swinging roll 4. It can be confirmed that the changes in the numerical values of ΔL, ΔD _K and the ghost index G become gradual and decrease as the overall numerical values.
It can be said that the numerical values of ΔL, ΔD _K and the ghost index G are lowered by setting the fourth landing roll 2d which is the most downstream landing roll 2 as the swing roll 4, regardless of the swing speed S. The printing quality by the printer 1 of the invention is stable and suppresses the occurrence of ghosts.
Here, the most downstream landing roll 2 has a role of collecting excessively supplied ink in the plate cylinder 3, and among the plurality of landing rolls 2, a landing roll 2 having a role of recovering the same excessively supplied ink ( For example, if the second landing roll 2) from the most downstream is swung (assumed to be a rocking roll 4), the values of ΔL, ΔD _K and ghost index G decrease, and the printing quality by the printing press 1 of the present invention is reduced. Can be said to be stable and suppress ghosting.

Further, from Tests 1 and 2, the specification of the ghost countermeasure roll was free from smudged printing, and the variation of each value of ΔD _K , ΔL and ghost index G and the variation of the values were most suppressed. It can be said that the speed S is Example 1 that makes one reciprocation every 3 rotations of the plate cylinder and Example 3 that makes 1 reciprocation every 4 rotations.
In the second embodiment in which the rocking speed S is one reciprocation per two rotations, the values of ΔD _K , ΔL and the ghost index G are higher than those in the first and third embodiments. 0) lower than the comparative example.
Therefore, if the rocking speed S in the present invention is a speed at which the plate cylinder 3 reciprocates once along the roll rotation axis J while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice or more and four times or less, the “ghost reduction” is performed. It can be said that it can be realized.

<Number of rotations of the landing roll 2d when the landing roll 2d (roll member 4) swings one reciprocating motion>
In addition, the three printing machines 1 used in Tests 1 and 2 (Example 1 (swing speed S: speed at which the plate cylinder 3 is swung once during three revolutions), Example 2 (swing speed S) : Speed of reciprocating rocking once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates four times), landing roll 2d in Example 3 (rocking speed S: speed of reciprocating rocking once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice)) The diameter of the (swinging roll (roll member) 4) is 90 mm, and the diameter of the plate cylinder 3 is 300 mm. In the following, the circumference ratio is π.
Therefore, the length of rotation of the peripheral surface of the plate cylinder 3 when the landing roll 2d swings once (rotation length R of the plate cylinder) is equal to one rotation of the landing roll 2d while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice. In the case of the rocking speed S (Example 2) at which rocking is performed reciprocally, the diameter of the plate cylinder 3 is 300 mm × π × 2 = 600πmm.
On the other hand, when the landing roll 2d swings one reciprocatingly, the length of rotation of the peripheral surface of the landing roll 2d (landing roll rotation peripheral length r) is such that the outer peripheral surface of the roll base 11 of the landing roll 2d is the plate cylinder. Naturally, it is substantially the same as the plate cylinder rotation circumferential length R (r≈R).
From this, the number of times the landing roll 2d rotates when the landing roll 2d swings once reciprocally swings. The number of rotations of the landing roll 2d when swings one reciprocating motion = (landing roll rotation circumferential length r) / ( The peripheral length of the landing roll 2d (diameter 90 mm × π)) = 600π ÷ 90π = 20 ÷ 3 = 6.666... ≈6.7 times.
That is, in the case of the rocking speed S (Example 3) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally swings once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice, the landing roll 2d (roll member 4) is the roll base of the roll member 4. 11 oscillates once along the roll rotation axis J while the outer peripheral surface rotates 6.7 times.

In the same manner, the plate cylinder rotation circumferential length R of the plate cylinder 3 is set to a swing speed S (Example 1) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally swings once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates three times. 300 mm × π × 3 = 900πmm, and the landing roll 2d (roll member 4) is rotated while the outer peripheral surface of the roll base 11 of the roll member 4 rotates 900π ÷ 90π = 10.0 times. A reciprocating swing is performed once along the axis J.
Further, in the case of the swing speed S (Example 2) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally swings once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates four times, 300 mm × π × 4 = 1200πmm and the landing roll 2d ( The roll member 4) follows the roll rotation axis J while the outer peripheral surface of the roll base 11 of the roll member 4 rotates 1200π ÷ 90π = 40 ÷ 3 = 13.333. Will swing back and forth once.
Accordingly, the landing roll 2d (roll member 4) in the present invention swings once and reciprocally swings along the roll rotation axis J while the outer peripheral surface of the roll base 11 rotates 5 to 15 times. If so, it can be said that "ghost reduction" can be realized.

<Oscillating speed S of the landing roll 2d (roll member 4) according to the printing speed P>
On the other hand, in the printing machine including the printing machine 1 of the first to third embodiments described above, in practice, 2000 sheets / hour (speed of printing 2000 sheets per hour), 4000 sheets / hour, 8000 sheets / hour, and 10,000 sheets. Printing is performed at various printing speeds P such as / hour, 16500 sheets / hour, 20000 / hour, and 33000 sheets / hour.
Here, in order for the printed matter to pass through one sheet (print one sheet), the plate cylinder 3 is rotated once, so that the number of landing rolls 2d per second for each of various printing speeds P and rocking speeds S is increased. Calculate whether to swing back and forth.

<Case 1 with a printing speed P of 2000 sheets / hour>
In case 1, the length of rotation of the peripheral surface of the plate cylinder 3 per second (rotation length R ′ of the plate cylinder second) is 300 mm × π × 2000 times / hour = 0.60 × 10. ⁶ the Paimm times / hour ^{= (0.60 × 10 6) ÷} (60) × πmm times / min = 10000Paimm times / min.
Therefore, in the case of the rocking speed S (Example 2) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocates once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice, (10000πmm times / minute) ÷ (600πmm) = 16.666 · Time / minute≈16.67 times / minute (that is, in the case 1, the landing roll 2d in the second embodiment swings back and forth 16.67 times per minute).
Similarly, in the case of the rocking speed S (Example 1) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally rocks once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates three times, (10000πmm times / minute) ÷ (900πmm) = 1.11. 111... Times / min.apprxeq.11.11 times / min. In the case of the swing speed S (Example 3) in which the landing roll 2d swings back and forth once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates four times, 10000πmm times / minute) ÷ (1200πmm) = 8.333... Times / minute≈8.33 times / minute.

<Case 2 with a printing speed P of 4000 sheets / hour>
In case 2, the length of rotation of the peripheral surface of the plate cylinder 3 per second (rotational length R ′ of the plate cylinder second) is 300 mm × π × 4000 times / hour = 1.20 × 10. ⁶ the Paimm times / hour ^{= (1.20 × 10 6) ÷} (60) × πmm times / min = 20000Paimm times / min.
Therefore, in the case of the rocking speed S (Example 2) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally rocks once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice, (20000πmm times / minute) ÷ (600πmm) = 33.333 · Time / minute≈33.33 times / second (that is, in the case 2, the landing roll 2d in the second embodiment swings back and forth 33.33 times per minute).
Similarly, in the case of the rocking speed S (Example 1) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally rocks once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates three times, (20000πmm times / minute) ÷ (900πmm) = 22. 222 .times. / Min.apprxeq.22.22 times / min. In the case of the rocking speed S (Example 3) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally rocks once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates four times, 20000πmm times / min) ÷ (1200πmm) = 16.666... Times / min≈16.67 times / min.

<Case 3 with a printing speed P of 8000 sheets / hour>
In case 3, the length of rotation of the peripheral surface of the plate cylinder 3 per second (rotation length R ′ of the plate cylinder second) is 300 mm × π × 8000 times / hour = 2.40 × 10. ⁶ the Paimm times / hour ^{= (2.40 × 10 6) ÷} (60) × πmm times / min = 40000Paimm times / min.
Therefore, in the case of the rocking speed S (Example 2) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocates once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice, (40000πmm times / minute) ÷ (600πmm) = 66.666 · Time / minute≈66.67 times / second (that is, in the case 3, the landing roll 2d in the second embodiment swings back and forth 66.67 times per minute).
Similarly, in the case of the swing speed S (Example 1) in which the landing roll 2d swings once back and forth while the plate cylinder 3 rotates three times, (40000πmm times / minute) ÷ (900πmm) = 44. 444... Times / min.apprxeq.44.44 times / min. In the case of the swing speed S (Example 3) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally swings once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates four times, 40000πmm times / minute) ÷ (1200πmm) = 33.333 times / minute≈33.33 times / minute.

<Case 4 with a printing speed P of 10,000 sheets / hour>
In case 4, the length of rotation of the peripheral surface of the plate cylinder 3 per second (rotational length R ′ of the plate cylinder second) is 300 mm × π × 10000 times / hour of the plate cylinder 3 = 3.00 × 10. ⁶ Paimm times / hour ^{= (3.00 × 10 6) ÷} (60) × πmm times / min = 50000Paimm times / minute to become.
Therefore, in the case of the rocking speed S (Example 2) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally rocks once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice, (50000πmm times / minute) ÷ (600πmm) = 83.333 · Time / minute≈83.33 times / minute (that is, in the case 4, the landing roll 2d in the second embodiment swings back and forth 83.33 times per minute).
Similarly, in the case of the swing speed S (Example 1) in which the landing roll 2d swings once back and forth while the plate cylinder 3 rotates three times, (50000πmm times / minute) ÷ (900πmm) = 55. 555... Times / min.apprxeq.55.56 times / min, and in the case of the swing speed S (Example 3) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally swings once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates four times, 50000πmm times / minute) ÷ (1200πmm) = 41.666 .times.min / ≈41.67 times / min.

<Case 5 with a printing speed P of 16500 sheets / hour>
In case 5, the length of rotation of the peripheral surface of the plate cylinder 3 per second (rotation length R ′ of the plate cylinder second) is 300 mm × π × 16500 times / hour of the plate cylinder 3 = 4.95 × 10. ⁶ the Paimm times / hour ^{= (4.95 × 10 6) ÷} (60) × πmm times / min = 82500Paimm times / min.
Therefore, in the case of the rocking speed S (Example 2) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally rocks once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice, (82500πmm times / min) ÷ (600πmm) = 137.50 times. (In other words, in case 5, the landing roll 2d in the second embodiment swings back and forth 137.50 times per minute).
Similarly, in the case of the swing speed S (Example 1) in which the landing roll 2d swings once back and forth while the plate cylinder 3 rotates three times, (82500πmm times / minute) ÷ (900πmm) = 91. 666... Times / min.apprxeq.91.67 times / min. In the case of the swing speed S (Example 3) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally swings once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates four times, ( 82500πmm times / min) ÷ (1200πmm) = 68.75 times / min.

<Case 6 with a printing speed P of 20000 sheets / hour>
In case 6, the length of rotation of the peripheral surface of the plate cylinder 3 per second (rotational length R ′ of the plate cylinder second) is 300 mm × π × 20000 times / hour of the plate cylinder 3 = 6.00 × 10. ⁶ Paimm times / hour ^{= (6.00 × 10 6) ÷} (60) × πmm times / min = 100000Paimm times / minute to become.
Therefore, in the case of the swing speed S (Example 2) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally swings once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice, (100,000 π mm times / min) ÷ (600 π mm) = 166.666 · ·· times / minute≈166.67 times / minute (that is, in the case 6, the landing roll 2d in the second embodiment reciprocally swings 166.67 times per minute).
Similarly, in the case of the swing speed S (Example 1) in which the landing roll 2d swings once back and forth while the plate cylinder 3 rotates three times, (100,000 π mm times / minute) ÷ (900 π mm) = 111. 111... Times / min.apprxeq.111.11 times / min, and in the case of the swing speed S (Example 3) in which the landing roll 2d swings back and forth once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates four times, 100000πmm times / min) ÷ (1200πmm) = 83.333... Times / min≈83.33 times / min.

<Case 7 with a printing speed P of 33,000 sheets / hour>
In case 7, the length of rotation of the peripheral surface of the plate cylinder 3 per second (rotation length R ′ of the plate cylinder second) is 300 mm × π × 33000 times / hour of the plate cylinder 3 = 9.90 × 10. ⁶ the Paimm times / hour ^{= (9.90 × 10 6) ÷} (60) × πmm times / min = 165000Paimm times / min.
Therefore, in the case of the swing speed S (Example 2) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally swings once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates twice, (165000πmm times / minute) ÷ (600πmm) = 275.00 times. (In other words, in the case 7, the landing roll 2d in the second embodiment swings back and forth 275.00 times per minute).
Similarly, in the case of the swing speed S (Example 1) in which the landing roll 2d swings once back and forth while the plate cylinder 3 rotates three times, (165000πmm times / minute) ÷ (900πmm) = 183. 333... Times / min.apprxeq.183.33 times / min. In the case of the swing speed S (Example 3) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally swings once while the plate cylinder 3 rotates four times, 165000πmm times / minute) / (1200πmm) = 137.50 times / minute.

In the cases 1 to 7 described so far, the number of reciprocating swings per second of the landing roll 2d is the smallest (that is, the slowest) because the landing roll 2d rotates while the plate cylinder 3 of the case 1 rotates four times. This is 8.33 times / minute (= 0.1388333... ≈0.14 times / second) in the case of the rocking speed S that reciprocates once (Example 3), and per second of the landing roll 2d. The number of reciprocating rocking motions is the largest (that is, the fastest) in the case of the rocking speed S (Example 3) in which the landing roll 2d reciprocally rocks once while the plate cylinder 3 of the case 7 rotates twice. 275.00 times / minute (= 4.58333... ≈4.58 times / second).
That is, the rocking speed S of the rocking roll 2 (the rocking roll 4) to be rocked for various printing speeds P is not less than 6 times / minute and not more than 300 times / minute (0.1 times / second). As described in Tests 1 and 2, the rocking speed S is adjusted while the plate cylinder 3 rotates 2 times or more and 4 times or less. It can be said that “ghost reduction” can be realized even at a speed of reciprocating rocking between 6 times / min and 300 times / min.

<Others>
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. Each configuration of the printing machine 1 or the like, or the overall structure, shape, dimensions, and the like can be appropriately changed in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.
The printing press 1 includes a sensor that senses the swing speed S of the most downstream landing roll 2 (such as 2d) and / or the second downstream landing roll 2 (such as 2c) among the plurality of landing rolls 2. It may be attached.

The printing press 1 according to the present invention can be used not only for a waterless offset printing press but also for a printing press having a water landing offset 2 and a plate cylinder 3 as well as a water offset printing press.
Further, the roll member according to the present invention may be any of a paper printer, a plastic film printer, a fabric printer, and a metal plate printer, and a liquid other than ink (for example, varnish or adhesive). You may utilize for the transfer roll to transfer, the coating device provided with this transfer roll, and also a water retention roll.

1 Printing machine 2 Landing roll 2c Second landing roll from the most downstream (third landing roll)
2d The most downstream landing roll (fourth landing roll)
3 Plate cylinder 4 Swing roll 5 Intermediate roll 6 Planetary gear mechanism J Roll rotation axis of landing roll

Claims (8)

  A printing press having a rotating landing roll and a rotating plate cylinder in contact with and rotating with the landing roll, the rotating roll being moved along the axis of rotation of the roll while the plate cylinder rotates between two and four times. And a rocking roll that reciprocally rocks once.   A printing press having a rotating landing roll and a plate cylinder that is in contact with and rotates with the landing roll, the swinging roll swinging reciprocally between 6 times / minute and 300 times / minute along the roll rotation axis. A printing machine characterized by being a dynamic roll.   A printing press having a plurality of rotating landing rolls and a plate cylinder that contacts and rotates with the plurality of landing rolls, and is the second downstream landing roller and / or the second downstream landing roller of the plurality of landing rolls. A printing machine, wherein the roll is a rocking roll that reciprocally rocks along a roll rotation axis.   A printing press having a plurality of rotating landing rolls and a plate cylinder that contacts and rotates with the plurality of landing rolls, and is the second downstream landing roller and / or the second downstream landing roller of the plurality of landing rolls. The roll is a rocking roll that reciprocally swings once along the roll rotation axis while the plate cylinder rotates twice or more and four times or less.   The printing press according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the swing roll has a reciprocating swing width of 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less.   The printing machine according to claim 1, wherein the swing roll has a planetary gear mechanism inside.   The printing press according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein dampening water is not used.   A roll member that reciprocates once along the roll rotation axis while the outer peripheral surface of the roll base rotates between 5 times and 15 times.