JP2017016860A - Circulating magnesium power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circulating magnesium power generator using a magnesium battery capable of obtaining a current of at least 10A, because a coat is formed on the surface of metal magnesium in a short time, and only a current of 1.5-3 A at 1.2 V can be obtained in the conventional magnesium batteries.SOLUTION: In a circulating magnesium power generator, a cell consisting of a positive electrode plate composed at least of carbon with electrification property and a catalyst, and a negative electrode plate composed at least of magnesium and aluminum, is placed in a water tank, and saline water is circulated in the water tank.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a generator using a magnesium battery.

A magnesium battery uses oxygen as a positive electrode active material and magnesium as a negative electrode active material, and generates electric power using saline as an electrolyte. This magnesium battery is a battery that uses natural energy and has begun to attract attention as a power source. Yes.
For example, JP-A-2015-46312, 2012-15013, JP-A-2015-46368, and JP-A-2014-192157 exist.

JP2015-46312A 2012-15013 JP 2015-46368 JP 2014-192157 A

However, a magnesium ion and a hydroxide ion are combined with a conventional magnesium battery to form a film on the surface of the metal magnesium, and the amount of electric power is reduced and the discharge is stopped.
Therefore, these conventional magnesium batteries could only obtain a current of about 1.5 A to 3 A at 1.2 V.

That is, magnesium turns into magnesium hydroxide in a short time, and it does not last for a long time even when a large capacity is used.
Therefore, when a magnesium battery is used, it cannot be used as a power source having a large capacity, and can only be used for extremely limited purposes such as charging a mobile phone or the like.

Therefore, it is desired to provide a generator capable of using a large current and having a large capacity.
For this reason, it is desired to develop a generator using magnesium that can last for a long time by suppressing the rate at which magnesium hydroxide is formed.
In particular, it is desired to develop a generator capable of generating power for a longer time by improving the positive electrode plate.

  Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a cell composed of at least a positive electrode plate made of carbon and a catalyst and a negative electrode plate made of at least magnesium and aluminum is placed in a water tank, and salt water is placed in the water tank. A circulation type magnesium generator configured by circulation, and the invention can solve the above problems.

  Alternatively, the invention according to claim 2 is a cell comprising: a positive electrode plate made of carbon, manganese dioxide, fluorine, and a catalyst having electrical properties; and a negative electrode plate made of magnesium, an aluminum alloy alloy of aluminum, silicon, iron, and manganese. The invention may be a circulation type magnesium generator configured by putting in a water tank and circulating salt water in the water tank.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 is a circulation type magnesium power generator in which the carbon having electrification is constituted by re-molding finely divided carbon, and may be an invention having such a configuration.
In particular, the catalyst used for the positive electrode plate as in the invention according to claim 4 is a circulating magnesium generator composed of at least one of vanadium, gold, copper, chromium, zinc, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, nickel, and molybdenum. Is optimal.

  In these cases, as in the invention according to claim 5, the cells put in the water tank are connected and the salt water is circulated in each water tank, and the connected cells are connected in series. It can be effectively used by using the circulating magnesium generator.

The invention according to claim 1 or claim 2 can provide a generator capable of generating stable power, and can provide a generator using a magnesium battery capable of obtaining a current of at least 10 A.
Therefore, for example, a generator that can be used for various devices as an emergency power supply can be provided.

  Furthermore, it is possible to provide a generator having a durability of about 72 hours.

In particular, by using the invention according to claim 3 or claim 4, the time for magnesium hydroxide can be delayed, and power generation for a long time is possible.
Furthermore, the invention according to claim 5 makes it possible to provide a generator having a larger capacity.

The figure which shows an example of the circulation type magnesium generator of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the circulation type magnesium generator of this invention, and is a figure which shows an example of the state which visually recognized this generator from the upper part. It is a figure which shows an example of the circulation type magnesium generator of this invention, and is a figure which shows an example of the state which visually recognized this generator from A direction. The figure which shows an example of the cell of the circulation type magnesium generator of this invention. The figure which shows an example of the state which decomposed | disassembled the cell of the circulation type magnesium generator of this invention. The figure which shows the change of the voltage before and behind the load start of an electric current. The figure which showed the relationship between the change of the load current by an electronic load apparatus, and a voltage output with a time-axis. The figure which showed the voltage change at the time of 10 A load recorded with the voltage data logger.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a circulation type magnesium generator using a magnesium battery of the present invention. A cell 5 is placed in one water tank 4 and the water tanks 4 are connected to each other. Inside, salt water is circulated by a pump 2 through a pipe, and is controlled and operated by a control box 3.
Therefore, each cell 5 in each water tank 4 is put in salt water, and salt water circulates in this water tank 4.

  Each cell 5 is made of a magnesium electrode as a negative electrode material, and uses a negative electrode plate 51 made of AL alloy magnesium of magnesium and aluminum, silicon, iron, and manganese.

  Of course, this configuration is only an example, and it is sufficient if magnesium is mainly used as the negative electrode material.

A positive electrode plate 52 made of carbon, manganese dioxide, fluorine, toluene, and a catalyst is used as a positive electrode plate 52 that is a positive electrode material with respect to the negative electrode material.
In this case, in particular, carbon having electric properties formed into carbon fine particles is used.
This makes it possible to send the formation of magnesium hydroxide by further forming finely divided carbon having electrification properties.

Further, as a means for delaying the magnesium hydroxide formation, a positive electrode plate 52 made of manganese dioxide, fluorine, toluene and a catalyst is used for carbon.
In particular, by finely refining and reshaping, the whole can be appropriately mixed and the effect can be enhanced.

The catalyst is an additive based on transition elements.
For example, vanadium, gold, copper, chromium, zinc, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, nickel, and molybdenum are applicable.
Therefore, at least one of them is used as a catalyst.
It suffices to use at least a positive electrode plate 52 that contains electrified carbon and a catalyst and has manganese dioxide, fluorine, toluene, or the like as necessary.

Furthermore, the cell 5 formed using these is one in which salt water circulates to generate power.
For example, the cells 5 are placed one by one in a total of twelve water tanks 4, and these water tanks 4 are connected by pipes for salt water circulation to circulate the salt water in each water tank.
In this way, one unit is configured as one circulation system, and a plurality of units or a plurality of units are connected to form one generator.

Each of these cells 5 is connected in series to supply a necessary capacity of current.
In this case, for example, the tank 1 is provided at the lower part of the water tank 4, salt water is injected from the upper part of the water tank 4 using the pump 2, and the salt water circulated from the lower tank 1 is returned to the tank 1. A circulating system may be used.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a generator in which 11 units each having a cell 5 placed in a total of 12 water tanks are connected to the control box 3, and an example of a state in which the generator is viewed from above. FIG.
As shown in the figure, the generator is configured to generate power by connecting in series each device having cells in 12 water tanks 4 of 11 units.
By taking such a configuration, a high amperage output can be obtained, and long-time power generation is possible.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a state in which the generator is viewed from the lateral direction, that is, the A direction.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the cell 5. The case 50 has a negative electrode plate 51 made of AL alloy magnesium, a carbon positive electrode plate 52 in both directions, and a cover 53 on both sides thereof.
The cover 53 has a large number of holes.

The positive electrode plate 52 is sandwiched between a case and a cover via a pef.
In this manner, the positive electrode plate 52 is fixed by the case and the cover in both directions of the negative electrode plate 51, and the salt water is uniformly contacted in the outer direction by the holes of the cover 53.

The negative electrode plate 51 has a negative negative electrode current collector plate 510, and the positive electrode plate 52 has a positive positive electrode current collector plate 520.
Such a cell 5 is put in the water tank 4 and salt water circulates in the water tank 4 so that the salt water is in contact with the cells 5 evenly.

  The cell 5 in the water tank 4 is filled with salt water. Further, salt water is circulated as an electrolyte in the cell 5 by circulating the salt water using the pump 2 or the like. To generate electricity.

FIG. 5 shows an exploded view of the cell 5.
As shown in this figure, the cell 5 has a negative electrode plate 51 made of AL alloy magnesium and a positive electrode plate 52 mainly composed of potential carbon located on both sides thereof. Has a positive electrode current collector plate 520.
Further, the negative electrode plate 51 has a negative electrode current collecting plate 510, which allows a current generated in the electrolytic solution to pass through the basket.

  This AL alloy magnesium negative electrode plate 51 is housed in a case 50, and positive electrode plates 52 mainly composed of potential carbon are placed on both outer sides of the case by a cover 53 via a pef 54.

Note that the cover 53 is firmly attached by a screw 530.
The cover 53 is provided with a number of holes so that the salt water is uniformly in contact with the outside of the positive electrode plate 52 to which the salt water in the water tank is attached.

Each water tank 4 in which the cells 5 configured in this way are placed in the water tank 4 is connected in series, and salt water is circulated in each water tank 4.
By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to obtain a current of 72 A for 72 hours even if the current of 10 A remains at 1.2V.

In addition, the capacity can be increased by connecting a number of cells 5 in series, and charging that requires more current is not limited to the extremely limited use such as for charging a mobile phone as in the prior art. It can be used for.
In particular, it can generate power for at least 72 hours, and can be used not only for an emergency power supply but also for a generator that can be used for various purposes.

The positive electrode uses a positive electrode plate 52 made of carbon, manganese dioxide, fluorine, toluene and a catalyst having electrification, and has an effective area of 1228 square centimeters used for the positive electrode plate solution.
The negative electrode is a magnesium electrode, and a negative electrode plate 51 made of AL alloy magnesium of magnesium and aluminum, silicon, iron and manganese is used.

The negative electrode plate 51 has a thickness of 6.5 millimeters, a volume in the solution of about 390 cubic centimeters, a solution of 10 wt% NaCl solution, and a cell volume of about 1880 cubic centimeters.
Further, the estimated amount of salt water is about 1400 milliliters, and the sedimentation tank (tank) has a bottom surface of 5.5 cm × 44 cm, a height of 17 cm, and a height of 34 cm from the cell discharge receiving side. Has a 14 centimeter divider.

  Furthermore, PLZ164W manufactured by Kikusui was used as an electronic load device as a measuring device, and NSL-V12 manufactured by Nippon Shintec was used as a voltage data logger.

First, water was supplied directly into the cell, a constant current load 10A was added, the voltage was recorded every 10 seconds, and the life was observed.
The solution as the electrolyte was circulated for 30 minutes every 45 minutes.
As a result, the voltage change before and after the start of the load of the next current was observed, and the change is shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when salt water was injected into the cell in advance and the negative electrode plate 51, which was a magnesium plate, was inserted, a load voltage of 2.09 V was stably measured. The value was about 0.2V.

Next, FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the load current and voltage output by the electronic load device on the time axis.
As shown in this figure, the 10 A load by the electronic load device can no longer be applied after about 70 hours.
In particular, a rapid voltage drop was observed at 74.8 hours.

In 78 hours, the circulation system was stopped because the circulation system piping was clogged with sediment.
A 10 A load was possible for 84 hours.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a voltage change at 10 A load recorded by the voltage data logger.
In the voltage load device, the voltage drop due to the resistance of the connection line occurs, so this is considered to indicate a more accurate voltage.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tank 2 Pump 3 Control box 4 Water tank 5 Cell 51 Negative electrode plate 510 Negative electrode current collecting plate 52 Positive electrode plate 520 Positive electrode current collecting plate 53 Cover 530 Screw

Claims (5)

A positive electrode plate 52 made of at least electrified carbon and a catalyst;
A cell 5 comprising at least a negative electrode plate 51 made of magnesium and aluminum is placed in the water tank 4,
A circulating magnesium generator characterized in that salt water is circulated in the water tank 4. A positive electrode plate 52 composed of carbon, manganese dioxide, fluorine, and a catalyst having electrification;
A cell 5 composed of magnesium and an aluminum alloy plate of magnesium, aluminum, silicon, iron, and manganese, and a negative electrode plate 51 is placed in the water tank 4.
The circulating magnesium generator according to claim 1, wherein salt water is circulated in the water tank 4. 3. The circulating magnesium generator according to claim 1, wherein the carbon having electrification is constituted by re-molding finely divided carbon. 4. The catalyst used for the positive electrode plate 51 is made of any one or more of vanadium, gold, copper, chromium, zinc, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, nickel, and molybdenum. The circulating magnesium generator described in 1. The cell 5 put in the water tank 4 is connected and the salt water is circulated in each water tank 4,
The circulating magnesium generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connected cells 5 are connected in series.

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