JP2017012089A - Fat composition for layered food product, dough and burned product using the same - Google Patents
Fat composition for layered food product, dough and burned product using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2017012089A JP2017012089A JP2015132521A JP2015132521A JP2017012089A JP 2017012089 A JP2017012089 A JP 2017012089A JP 2015132521 A JP2015132521 A JP 2015132521A JP 2015132521 A JP2015132521 A JP 2015132521A JP 2017012089 A JP2017012089 A JP 2017012089A
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- Prior art keywords
- fat
- oil
- mass
- triglyceride
- fatty acids
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、焼成品の生地に折り込んで使用される層状食品用油脂組成物とそれを用いた生地および焼成品に関する。 The present invention relates to a layered food fat composition used by being folded into a baked product dough, and a dough and a baked product using the same.
デニッシュ、クロワッサンなどの層状食品は、サクサクとしたフレーキーな食感と、噛んだときに、油脂が口中に広がるジューシー感が求められている。 Layered foods such as Danish and croissants are required to have a crisp and flaky texture and a juicy feeling that spreads fat in the mouth when chewed.
しかし、焼成した直後はフレーキーな食感であるものの、経時的にフレーキーさは失われ、ひきのある食感(喫食した際にフレーキーさがなく、もろく細かく砕けていかない様)となり、のど越しが悪くなるという問題がある。 However, although it has a flaky texture immediately after baking, the flaky texture is lost over time, and it becomes a crisp texture (there is no flaky when eaten, and it is not crushed finely) There is a problem of getting worse.
ジューシー感を得る技術として、特許文献1には、特定のトリグリセリドを用いて調整することが提案されているが、3飽和トリグリセリドが少ない場合、経時的にひきのある食感となる。 As a technique for obtaining a juicy feeling, Patent Document 1 proposes adjustment using a specific triglyceride, but when the amount of trisaturated triglycerides is small, the texture becomes more pleasing over time.
特許文献2には、液状油を多量に含有させるとともに、SOS型トリグリセリド(2−オレイン、1,3ジステアリン)量を特定量配合する技術が提案されているが、液状油を多量に配合すると、ジューシー感は得られるものの、経時的にフレーキーな食感が損なわれ、ひきを生じる。またSOS型トリグリセリド(2−オレイン、1,3ジステアリン)を多量に配合すると、SOS型トリグリセリド(2−オレイン、1,3ジステアリン)は高融点であることから、焼成品ののど越しは悪くなる傾向がある。 Patent Document 2 proposes a technique for adding a large amount of liquid oil and blending a specific amount of SOS-type triglyceride (2-olein, 1,3 distearin), but when blending a large amount of liquid oil, Although a juicy feeling can be obtained, the flaky texture is lost over time, and pulling occurs. When a large amount of SOS type triglyceride (2-olein, 1,3 distearin) is blended, since the SOS type triglyceride (2-olein, 1,3 distearin) has a high melting point, the throat of the baked product tends to deteriorate. There is.
特許文献3には、SSS(3飽和トリグリセリド)、UUU(3不飽和トリグリセリド)、SO2量等を調整したロールインマーガリンが提案されている。しかし、特許文献1と同様に3飽和トリグリセリド量が少ないため、経時的にひきのある食感となる。 Patent Document 3 proposes roll-in margarine in which the amount of SSS (trisaturated triglyceride), UUU (triunsaturated triglyceride), SO2 and the like is adjusted. However, since the amount of trisaturated triglyceride is small as in Patent Document 1, the texture becomes more pleasing over time.
ひきのある食感を改善する技術としては、特許文献4には、S1MS2(S1、S2は飽和脂肪酸、Mはモノ不飽和脂肪酸)で表されるトリグリセリドとMS3M(S3は飽和脂肪酸、Mはモノ不飽和脂肪酸)で表されるトリグリセリドとからなるコンパウンド結晶を使用する技術が提案されている。 As a technique for improving the texture with abundant texture, Patent Document 4 discloses triglyceride represented by S 1 MS 2 (S 1 and S 2 are saturated fatty acids, M is a monounsaturated fatty acid) and MS 3 M (S There has been proposed a technique using a compound crystal composed of triglyceride represented by 3 (saturated fatty acid, M is monounsaturated fatty acid).
しかしながら、ひきについては改善されるものの、コンパウンド結晶を形成することで、油脂は固液分離せず、2不飽和トリグリセリド、3不飽和トリグリセリドなどがフリーな状態とはなりにくく、ジューシーな食感が損なわれてしまう。 However, although it is improved with respect to grinding, by forming compound crystals, fats and oils are not separated into solid and liquid, and diunsaturated triglycerides, triunsaturated triglycerides, etc. are unlikely to be free and have a juicy texture. It will be damaged.
なお、本出願人は、油脂組成における2飽和トリグリセリドの対称性と、特定の乳化剤との組み合わせに着目した検討を行ってきているが(特許文献5〜7)、いずれもジューシー感や層状食品におけるひきの改善を目的としたものではない。 In addition, although this applicant has examined paying attention to the combination of the symmetry of the disaturated triglyceride in a fat composition and a specific emulsifier (patent documents 5-7), all are in a juicy feeling or a layered food. It is not intended for improvement.
本発明は、以上の通りの事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、経時的なひきの発生がなく、ジューシー感に富み、のど越しの良い層状食品を得ることができる層状食品用油脂組成物とそれを用いた生地および焼成品を提供することを課題としている。 The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and is an oil / fat composition for layered foods that is capable of obtaining a layered food that is free of occurrence of pulling with time, is rich in juicy feeling, and has a good throat. It is an object to provide a dough and a baked product using the same.
上記の課題を解決するために、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの含有量が油脂全量に対して30〜49質量%であり、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量が油脂全量に対して9質量%超14質量%未満であることを特徴としている(前記2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの1、3位に結合する脂肪酸は全構成脂肪酸であり、前記SSSにおける構成脂肪酸の炭素数は、全て16以上である。)。 In order to solve the above-described problems, the layered food fat composition of the present invention has a triglyceride content in which oleic acid is bonded at the 2-position to 30 to 49% by mass with respect to the total fat and oil content. The content of (SSS) is more than 9% by mass and less than 14% by mass with respect to the total amount of fats and oils (the fatty acids bound to the 1st and 3rd positions of the triglyceride having oleic acid bound to the 2nd position are all It is a constituent fatty acid, and the carbon number of the constituent fatty acid in the SSS is all 16 or more.)
本発明によれば、経時的なひきの発生がなく、ジューシー感に富み、のど越しの良い層状食品を得ることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a layered food that is free from occurrence with time, has a juicy feeling, and has a good throat.
2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドは、分子構造上歪を形成しており、回転運動する際に、分子構造の障害となりやすい。そのため、油脂中の各トリグリセリドの分子同士が近付きにくくなるため、結晶化しにくい状態となる。その結果、焼成後の徐冷時において結晶化部分(固)と非結晶部分(液)とが混在(固液分離)した状態となりやすい。本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、この特性をもつ2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドと、結晶核となる3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)とのバランスによって、パン類、菓子類等の焼成品は経時的なひきの発生がなく、ジューシーであり、のど越しが向上する。 The triglyceride in which oleic acid is bonded to the 2-position forms a strain in the molecular structure and tends to hinder the molecular structure when rotating. For this reason, the molecules of each triglyceride in the oil and fat are difficult to approach each other, so that the crystallization is difficult. As a result, the crystallized portion (solid) and the non-crystalline portion (liquid) tend to be mixed (solid-liquid separation) during the slow cooling after firing. The layered food fat composition of the present invention is a baking product for breads, confectionery, etc., according to the balance between triglyceride having oleic acid bonded at the 2-position and trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) serving as a crystal nucleus. The product is not squeezed over time, is succulent and improves throating.
以下に、本発明を詳細に説明する。
1.層状食品用油脂組成物
(油脂)
本明細書において、「S」「H」は、油脂を構成する飽和脂肪酸を意味し、「U」「F」は、油脂を構成する不飽和脂肪酸を意味する。トリグリセリドの分析において、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が全て16以上であるものを対象とする場合は、「S」「U」、全ての炭素数の構成脂肪酸を対象とする場合は、「H」「F」と表記する。また、トリグリセリドの1、2、3位とは、構成脂肪酸が結合された位置を意味する。
The present invention is described in detail below.
1. Layered food fat composition (fat)
In the present specification, “S” and “H” mean saturated fatty acids constituting fats and oils, and “U” and “F” mean unsaturated fatty acids constituting fats and oils. In the analysis of triglycerides, “S” and “U” are used when the constituent fatty acids have 16 or more carbon atoms, and “H” and “F” when the constituent fatty acids having all the carbon numbers are used. ". Moreover, the 1, 2, and 3 position of triglyceride means the position where the constituent fatty acid was combined.
本発明の油脂中の構成脂肪酸である飽和脂肪酸としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、酪酸(4)、カプロン酸(6)、カプリル酸(8)、カプリン酸(10)、ラウリン酸(12)、ミリスチン酸(14)、パルミチン酸(16)、ステアリン酸(18)、アラキジン酸(20)、ベヘン酸(22)、リグノセリン酸(24)等が挙げられる。なお、上記数値表記は、各脂肪酸の炭素数である。本発明の油脂中の構成脂肪酸である飽和脂肪酸は、同一の飽和脂肪酸であってもよいし、異なる飽和脂肪酸であってもよい。 Although it does not specifically limit as saturated fatty acid which is a constituent fatty acid in fats and oils of the present invention, for example, butyric acid (4), caproic acid (6), caprylic acid (8), capric acid (10), lauric acid (12) , Myristic acid (14), palmitic acid (16), stearic acid (18), arachidic acid (20), behenic acid (22), lignoceric acid (24) and the like. In addition, the said numerical description is carbon number of each fatty acid. The saturated fatty acid which is a constituent fatty acid in the fats and oils of the present invention may be the same saturated fatty acid or a different saturated fatty acid.
本発明の油脂中の構成脂肪酸である不飽和脂肪酸としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、ミリストレイン酸(14:1)、パルミトレイン酸(16:1)、ヒラゴン酸(16:3)、オレイン酸(18:1)、リノール酸(18:2)、リノレン酸(18:3)、エイコセン酸(20:1)、エルカ酸(22:1)、セラコレイン酸(24:1)等が挙げられる。上記不飽和脂肪酸についての括弧内の数値表記は、左側が脂肪酸の炭素数であり、右側が二重結合数を意味する。本発明の油脂中の構成脂肪酸である不飽和脂肪酸は、同一の不飽和脂肪酸であってもよいし、異なる不飽和脂肪酸であってもよい。 The unsaturated fatty acid that is a constituent fatty acid in the oil and fat of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include myristoleic acid (14: 1), palmitoleic acid (16: 1), hiragonic acid (16: 3), and oleic acid. (18: 1), linoleic acid (18: 2), linolenic acid (18: 3), eicosenoic acid (20: 1), erucic acid (22: 1), ceracoleic acid (24: 1) and the like. In the numerical notation in the parentheses for the unsaturated fatty acid, the left side is the number of carbon atoms of the fatty acid, and the right side is the number of double bonds. The unsaturated fatty acid which is a constituent fatty acid in the oil and fat of the present invention may be the same unsaturated fatty acid or a different unsaturated fatty acid.
2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの1、3位の構成脂肪酸は、飽和脂肪酸または不飽和脂肪酸のいずれであってもよい。2位がオレイン酸であるトリグリセリドとしては、例えば、SOS型トリグリセリド、SOU型トリグリセリド(位置異性体も含む)、UOU型トリグリセリド等が挙げられるが、特に限定されない。なお、「O」とは、トリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸であるオレイン酸を意味する。経時的なひきの発生がなく、ジューシー感に富み、のど越しの良い焼成品を得ることができることから、2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの1位または3位の構成脂肪酸が飽和脂肪酸である場合、炭素数4〜24の飽和脂肪酸であることが好ましい。特に焼成品ののど越しが良好となるという点から、StOStであるトリグリセリドは1%以下であることが好ましい。2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの1位または3位の構成脂肪酸が不飽和脂肪酸である場合、炭素数18の不飽和脂肪酸(オレイン酸(18:1)、リノール酸(18:2)、リノレン酸(18:3)等)、炭素数20の不飽和脂肪酸であることが好ましい。2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの1位または3位の構成脂肪酸が飽和脂肪酸と不飽和脂肪酸である場合、上述の飽和脂肪酸(炭素数4〜24の飽和脂肪酸)と不飽和脂肪酸(炭素数18の不飽和脂肪酸(オレイン酸(18:1)、リノール酸(18:2)、リノレン酸(18:3)等)、炭素数20の不飽和脂肪酸)であることが好ましい。 The constituent fatty acids at the 1st and 3rd positions of the triglyceride having oleic acid bonded at the 2nd position may be either saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids. Examples of triglycerides in which the 2-position is oleic acid include, but are not particularly limited to, SOS type triglycerides, SOU type triglycerides (including positional isomers), UOU type triglycerides, and the like. “O” means oleic acid which is a constituent fatty acid of triglyceride. Since there is no occurrence of pulling over time, a succulent and richly baked product can be obtained, the constituent fatty acid at the 1st or 3rd position of the triglyceride with oleic acid bonded at the 2nd position is a saturated fatty acid. In some cases, it is preferably a saturated fatty acid having 4 to 24 carbon atoms. In particular, the triglyceride as StOSt is preferably 1% or less from the viewpoint that the throat of the fired product becomes good. When the constituent fatty acid at the 1st or 3rd position of the triglyceride to which oleic acid is bonded at the 2nd position is an unsaturated fatty acid, an unsaturated fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms (oleic acid (18: 1), linoleic acid (18: 2)) , Linolenic acid (18: 3) and the like) and unsaturated fatty acids having 20 carbon atoms. When the constituent fatty acid at the 1st or 3rd position of the triglyceride having oleic acid bonded at the 2nd position is a saturated fatty acid and an unsaturated fatty acid, the saturated fatty acid (saturated fatty acid having 4 to 24 carbon atoms) and the unsaturated fatty acid (carbon) It is preferably an unsaturated fatty acid having a number of 18 (oleic acid (18: 1), linoleic acid (18: 2), linolenic acid (18: 3), etc.), an unsaturated fatty acid having 20 carbon atoms).
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物において、2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの含有量は、油脂全量に対して30〜49質量%である(ここで2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの1、3位に結合する脂肪酸は全構成脂肪酸である。)。この範囲内であると、結晶核となる3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)とのバランスによって、経時的なひきの発生がなく、ジューシー感に富み、のど越しの良い焼成品を得ることができる。2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの含有量を30質量%以上とすることで、相対的に油脂中のオレイン酸量が多くなることに起因し、分子構造による結晶化の阻害によって、非結晶化部分が多くなり、焼成品のジューシー感が向上する。2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの含有量を49質量%以下とすることで、相対的に油脂中のオレイン酸量が少なくなることに起因し、分子構造による結晶化の阻害による非結晶化部分の量が多すぎず適度になり、焼成品の経時的なひきの発生がなく、のど越しが向上する。これらの点を考慮すると、2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの含有量は、油脂全量に対して35〜45質量%であることが好ましい。 In the fat and oil composition for layered foods of the present invention, the content of triglyceride having oleic acid bonded to the 2-position is 30 to 49% by mass with respect to the total amount of oil and fat (where oleic acid was bonded to the 2-position). Fatty acids bound to positions 1 and 3 of triglycerides are all constituent fatty acids.) Within this range, due to the balance with the trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) serving as a crystal nucleus, there is no occurrence of pulling over time, and a succulent and baked product with good throat can be obtained. By setting the content of triglyceride having oleic acid bonded to the 2-position to 30% by mass or more, the amount of oleic acid in the oil and fat is relatively increased, and the inhibition of crystallization due to the molecular structure causes non- The number of crystallized parts increases, and the juiciness of the fired product is improved. Due to the fact that the content of triglyceride with oleic acid bonded to the 2-position is 49% by mass or less, the amount of oleic acid in the oil and fat is relatively reduced, and the non-crystal due to the inhibition of crystallization by the molecular structure The amount of the liquefied portion becomes appropriate without being too much, and there is no occurrence of pulling of the fired product with time, so that the throat is improved. Considering these points, the content of triglyceride in which oleic acid is bonded to the 2-position is preferably 35 to 45% by mass with respect to the total amount of fats and oils.
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物において、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量は、油脂全量に対して9質量%超14質量%未満である(ここでSSSにおける構成脂肪酸の炭素数は、全て16以上である。)。この範囲内であると、2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドが焼成後の徐冷時において結晶化部分(固)と非結晶部分(液)とが混在(固液分離)した状態となりやすいことと、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)が結晶核になることが相俟って、経時的なひきの発生がなく、ジューシー感に富み、のど越しの良い焼成品を得ることができる。3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量を9質量%超とすることで、結晶核が多くなり結晶化部分と非結晶部分とが混在した状態が促進され、焼成品の経時的なひきの発生がなく、のど越しが向上する。3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量を14質量%未満とすることで、焼成品のジューシー感が向上する。これらの点を考慮すると、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量は、油脂全量に対して10〜13質量%であることが好ましい。 In the fat and oil composition for layered foods of the present invention, the content of trisaturated triglycerides (SSS) is more than 9% by mass and less than 14% by mass with respect to the total amount of fats and oils (here, the number of carbon atoms of the constituent fatty acids in SSS is all 16 or more.) Within this range, the triglyceride with oleic acid bonded to the 2-position tends to be in a mixed state (solid-liquid separation) of the crystallized part (solid) and the amorphous part (liquid) during slow cooling after firing. In combination with the fact that trisaturated triglycerides (SSS) become crystal nuclei, there is no occurrence of pulling over time, and a succulent baked product that is rich in juiciness and good in throat can be obtained. By setting the content of trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) to more than 9% by mass, the number of crystal nuclei is increased and the mixed state of the crystallized part and the amorphous part is promoted. There is no throat improvement. By making the content of trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) less than 14% by mass, the juicy feeling of the fired product is improved. Considering these points, the content of the trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) is preferably 10 to 13% by mass with respect to the total amount of fats and oils.
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドと2位にリノール酸が結合されたトリグリセリドとの合計量が油脂全量に対して41〜65質量%であることが好ましい(ここで2位にオレイン酸またはリノール酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの1、3位に結合する構成脂肪酸は全構成脂肪酸である。)。2位にリノール酸が結合されたトリグリセリドも、2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドと同様に、分子構造上歪を形成しており、回転運動する際に、分子構造の障害となりやすい。その結果徐冷時において結晶化部分(固)と非結晶部分(液)とが混在(固液分離)した状態となりやすい。2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドと2位にリノール酸が結合されたトリグリセリドとの合計量が上記範囲内であると、これらの分子構造による結晶化の阻害による非結晶化部分の量が適度になり、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)が結晶核になり結晶化部分と非結晶部分とが混在した状態が促進されることで、経時的なひきの発生がなく、ジューシー感に富み、のど越しの良い焼成品を得ることができ、特に、ジューシー感が向上する。 In the fat and oil composition for layered food of the present invention, the total amount of triglyceride having oleic acid bonded to the 2nd position and triglyceride having linoleic acid bonded to the 2nd position is 41 to 65% by mass with respect to the total amount of the fat and oil. (The constituent fatty acids bound to the 1st and 3rd positions of the triglyceride in which oleic acid or linoleic acid is bound to the 2nd position are all the constituent fatty acids). The triglyceride having linoleic acid bonded to the 2-position, like the triglyceride having oleic acid bonded to the 2-position, forms a strain in the molecular structure, and tends to be an obstacle to the molecular structure when rotating. As a result, the crystallized portion (solid) and the non-crystalline portion (liquid) tend to be mixed (solid-liquid separation) during slow cooling. If the total amount of triglyceride having oleic acid bonded to the 2-position and triglyceride having linoleic acid bonded to the 2-position is within the above range, the amount of non-crystallized portion due to inhibition of crystallization by these molecular structures It becomes moderate, and the trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) becomes a crystal nucleus and promotes the mixed state of crystallized and non-crystallized parts. Can be obtained, and in particular, the juicy feeling is improved.
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、2不飽和トリグリセリド(SUUおよびUSU)と3不飽和トリグリセリド(UUU)との合計量が油脂全量に対して45〜58質量%であることが好ましい(ここでSUU、USU、およびUUUにおける構成脂肪酸の炭素数は、全て16以上である。)。この含有量が45質量%以上であると、焼成品のジューシー感が向上し、この含有量が58質量%以下であると、焼成品の経時的なひきの発生がなく、のど越しが向上する。 In the layered food fat composition of the present invention, the total amount of diunsaturated triglycerides (SUU and USU) and triunsaturated triglycerides (UUU) is preferably 45 to 58% by mass based on the total amount of fats and oils (here And the number of carbon atoms of the constituent fatty acids in SUU, USU, and UUU is 16 or more.) When the content is 45% by mass or more, the juicy feeling of the fired product is improved, and when the content is 58% by mass or less, there is no occurrence of pulling of the fired product over time, and the throat is improved. .
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、3不飽和トリグリセリド(UUU)の含有量が油脂全体に対して15質量%以上31.0質量%未満であることが好ましい(ここでUUUにおける構成脂肪酸の炭素数は、全て16以上である。)。この範囲内であると、焼成品の経時的なひきの発生をさらに抑制できる。 In the layered food and fat composition of the present invention, the content of triunsaturated triglycerides (UUU) is preferably 15% by mass or more and less than 31.0% by mass with respect to the total fats and oils (here, the constituent fatty acids in UUU). All the carbon numbers are 16 or more.) Within this range, the generation of the fired product over time can be further suppressed.
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、全2飽和トリグリセリド(HFHおよびHHF)のうち対称型トリグリセリド(HFH)と非対称型トリグリセリド(HHF)との質量比(HFH/HHF)が0.3以上1.2未満であることが好ましい。この範囲内であると、生地との伸展性が良好であるため、焼成品の経時的なひきの発生をさらに抑制できる。 The fat and oil composition for layered food of the present invention has a mass ratio (HFH / HHF) of symmetric triglyceride (HFH) to asymmetric triglyceride (HHF) of 0.3 or more in all disaturated triglycerides (HFH and HHF). Is preferably less than .2. Within this range, the extensibility with the dough is good, so that the occurrence of pulling of the fired product over time can be further suppressed.
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、油脂の構成脂肪酸としてトランス酸を含んでいてもよく、含まなくてもよいが、トランス酸の摂取量が多くなると、人体に摂取された際のLDLコレステロールが増加しうる。よって、これを抑制しやすい点から、本発明においては、油脂の構成脂肪酸中のトランス酸の含有量は、油脂の構成脂肪酸全体の質量に対して10質量%未満であることが好ましく、5質量%未満であることがより好ましく、3質量%未満であることが最も好ましい。 The fat and oil composition for layered food of the present invention may or may not contain trans acid as a constituent fatty acid of the fat or oil, but when the intake of trans acid increases, LDL cholesterol when ingested by the human body Can increase. Therefore, from the viewpoint of easily suppressing this, in the present invention, the content of trans acid in the constituent fatty acids of the fat is preferably less than 10% by mass with respect to the total mass of the constituent fatty acids of the fat. % Is more preferable, and it is most preferable that it is less than 3% by mass.
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物の製造に用いられる油脂としては、特に限定されないが、パーム系油脂、ラウリン系油脂、豚脂(ラード)、牛脂、菜種油、大豆油、綿実油、ヒマワリ油、米油、サフラワー油、オリーブ油、ゴマ油、乳脂、それらの分別油またはそれらの加工油(硬化およびエステル交換反応のうち1つ以上の処理がなされたもの)等が挙げられる。油脂中の2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの含有量と3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量を適宜調整するために、これらの油脂としては、1種あるいは2種以上を選択して含有させることが好ましい。 The fats and oils used for the production of the layered food fat composition of the present invention are not particularly limited, but palm fats, lauric fats, lard, beef fat, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, rice Oil, safflower oil, olive oil, sesame oil, milk fat, fractionated oils thereof, or processed oils thereof (those that have been subjected to at least one treatment among hardening and transesterification reaction) and the like. In order to appropriately adjust the content of triglyceride in which oleic acid is bonded to the 2-position in the fat and oil and the content of trisaturated triglyceride (SSS), these fats and oils are selected by selecting one kind or two or more kinds. It is preferable to make it.
以下に、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物の製造に用いる油脂について、より具体的な例示を示す。本発明の油脂は、例えば、以下のA油脂、B油脂及びC油脂を組み合わせることで調製することができる。 Below, the more specific illustration is shown about the fats and oils used for manufacture of the oil-and-fat composition for layered foods of this invention. The fats and oils of this invention can be prepared by combining the following A fats and oils, B fats and oils, and C fats and oils, for example.
A油脂
本明細書において、「A油脂」とは、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量が15〜35質量%である油脂のことを指す(ここでSSSにおける構成脂肪酸の炭素数は、全て16以上である。)。
A oil and fat In this specification, "A oil and fat" refers to the oil and fat whose content of 3 saturated triglycerides (SSS) is 15-35 mass% (here, carbon number of the constituent fatty acid in SSS is all 16 That's it.)
このようなA油脂としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、上記で述べたパーム系油脂、パーム系油脂のエステル交換油脂等を挙げることができ、1種以上組合せて使用することもできる。中でも、パーム分別硬質油、パーム系油脂とラウリン系油脂とのエステル交換油脂を用いることで結晶核となり、その結果、他の油脂の結晶を誘発し結晶量が確保され、焼成品のひきがなく、のど越しの良さを付与できる。 Although it does not specifically limit as such A fats and oils, For example, palm oil fat mentioned above, transesterified fats and oils of palm oil fat, etc. can be mentioned, It can also be used in combination of 1 or more types. Above all, by using transesterified oil of palm fractionated hard oil, palm oil and lauric oil, it becomes a crystal nucleus, and as a result, crystals of other oils and fats are induced and the amount of crystals is secured, and there is no pulling of fired products , You can give a good throat.
B油脂
本明細書において、「B油脂」とは、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量が2〜15質量%未満である油脂のことを指す(ここでSSSにおける構成脂肪酸の炭素数は、全て16以上である。)。(但し「B油脂」としては、前述の「A油脂」および後述の「C油脂」は包含しない。)このようなB油脂としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、A油脂、C油脂以外の植物油脂、動物油脂(豚脂(ラード)、牛脂等)、これらの分別油、硬化油、エステル交換油脂が挙げられる。中でも、A油脂との相溶性を考慮すると、パーム系油脂であるパーム油、パーム分別軟質部、パーム系油脂のエステル交換油脂、豚脂等を組わせて用いることが好ましい。
B fats and oils In this specification, "B fats and oils" means the fats and oils whose content of 3 saturated triglycerides (SSS) is less than 2-15 mass% (here, carbon number of the constituent fatty acid in SSS is all 16 or more.) (However, “B oil and fat” does not include the above-mentioned “A oil and fat” and “C oil and fat” described later.) Such B oil and fat are not particularly limited. For example, plants other than A oil and fat and C oil and fat are used. Fats and oils, animal fats and oils (such as pork fat (lard) and beef tallow), fractionated oils thereof, hardened oils, and transesterified fats and oils are exemplified. Especially, considering compatibility with A fats and oils, it is preferable to use palm oil, which is palm fat, palm fraction soft part, transesterified fat of palm fat, pork fat, and the like in combination.
C油脂
本明細書において、「C油脂」とは、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量が2%未満である油脂、または3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量が35質量%超である油脂のことを指す(ここでSSSにおける構成脂肪酸の炭素数は、全て16以上である。)。
C fats and oils In this specification, "C fats and oils" are fats and oils whose content of 3 saturated triglycerides (SSS) is less than 2%, or fats and oils whose content of 3 saturated triglycerides (SSS) is more than 35 mass%. (Here, the number of carbon atoms of the constituent fatty acids in SSS is 16 or more).
3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量が2%未満である油脂としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、菜種油、大豆油、コーン油、米油、綿実油、ヒマワリ油、ゴマ油、オリーブ油等が挙げられる。これらは1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。 Fats and oils having a trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) content of less than 2% are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, rice oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, and olive oil. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量が35質量%超である油脂としては、特に限定されないが、植物油脂または動物油脂の硬化油(部分水素添加油または極度硬化油)や分別油の硬質油、これらを含む油脂を原料とするエステル交換油脂等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、植物油脂または動物油脂の極度硬化油、あるいはこれを含む油脂を原料とするエステル交換油脂を用いることが好ましい。植物油脂の極度硬化油としては、例えば、ヤシ極度硬化油、パーム極度硬化油、パーム核極度硬化油、菜種極度硬化油等が挙げられる。動物油脂の極度硬化油としては、例えば、豚脂極度硬化油、牛脂極度硬化油等が挙げられる。焼成品の口溶けが良好となる観点からは、融点が50℃以上の極度硬化油を用いる場合は、油脂全量に対し、5質量%以下とすることが好ましい。 Fats and oils whose content of trisaturated triglycerides (SSS) is more than 35% by weight are not particularly limited, but are hardened oils of vegetable oils or animal fats (partially hydrogenated oils or extremely hardened oils) or hard oils of fractionated oils, Examples include transesterified oils and fats using oils and fats containing these as raw materials. Among these, it is preferable to use an extremely hardened oil of vegetable oils or animal oils, or transesterified oils and fats made from oils and fats containing them. Examples of the extremely hardened oil of vegetable oils include palm extremely hardened oil, palm extremely hardened oil, palm kernel extremely hardened oil, and rapeseed extremely hardened oil. Examples of the extremely hardened oil of animal fats include pork fat extremely hardened oil, beef fat extremely hardened oil, and the like. From the viewpoint of improving the meltability of the fired product, when an extremely hardened oil having a melting point of 50 ° C. or higher is used, it is preferably 5% by mass or less based on the total amount of fats and oils.
以上に述べたA油脂、B油脂の配合割合は、A油脂は、油脂全量に対して10〜50質量%で配合することが好ましく、B油脂は、油脂全量に対して15〜85質量%で配合することが好ましく、C油脂は、油脂全量に対して5〜35質量%で配合することが好ましい。 The blending ratio of the A fat and the B fat described above is preferably 10 to 50% by mass with respect to the total amount of fats and oils, and the B fat is 15 to 85% by mass with respect to the total amount of fats and oils. It is preferable to mix | blend and it is preferable to mix | blend C fats and oils at 5-35 mass% with respect to fats and oils whole quantity.
特に、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、経時的なひきの発生がなく、ジューシー感に富み、のど越しの良い焼成品を得ることができる点を考慮すると、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量が15〜35質量%であるA油脂を、油脂全量に対して10〜50質量%含有することが好ましい。また、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量が2%未満であるC油脂の含有量が油脂全量に対して30質量%未満であることが好ましい。 In particular, the layered food fat composition of the present invention is free from the occurrence of seizure over time, has a juicy feeling, and can obtain a baked product with good throat, so that trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) can be obtained. It is preferable to contain 10-50 mass% of A fats and oils whose content is 15-35 mass% with respect to fats and oils whole quantity. Moreover, it is preferable that content of C fat and oil whose content of 3 saturated triglycerides (SSS) is less than 2% is less than 30 mass% with respect to fats and oils whole quantity.
(ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステル)
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルをさらに含むと、ひきがさらに抑制され、かつジューシーな食感を得ることができる。
(Polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester)
If the layered food fat composition of the present invention further contains a polyglycerin-condensed ricinoleic acid ester, the pulling is further suppressed and a juicy texture can be obtained.
ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルの種類は、特に限定されず、例えば、グリセリンの重合度が2〜10であるポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルが挙げられる。また、市販品としては、阪本薬品工業(株)製のSYグリスターCR−ED(ポリタイプ)、SYグリスターCR−310(テトラグリセリン 重合度4)、SYグリスターCR−500(ヘキサグリセリン 重合度 6)、太陽化学(株)製のサンソフト818DG(テトラグリセリン 重合度4)、サンソフト818R(ペンタグリセリン 重合度5)、サンソフト818SK(ヘキサグリセリン 重合度6)等が挙げられる。これらのうち、ひきが特に抑制され、かつジューシーな食感を得ることができることから、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物に含まれる全てのポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルのうち、グリセリンの重合度が4〜6のいずれかであるポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルの質量が最も多いことが好ましい。ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルは、ポリグリセリンと縮合リシノール酸とのエステル化物であり、エステル化反応は公知の方法で製造される。ポリグリセリンは、通常グリセリンもしくはグリシドールやエピクロルヒドリン等を加熱し、重縮合反応させて得られる重合度の異なるポリグリセリンの混合物である。そのため市販品においては、異なる重合度のグリセリンのポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルの混合物であり、上述の市販品のグリセリンの重合度は、最も多いグリセリンの重合度を示している。また、ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルのリシノレイン酸の重合度は、特に限定されず、例えば、2〜10であるものを使用することができる。 The kind of polyglycerol condensed ricinoleic acid ester is not specifically limited, For example, the polyglycerol condensed ricinoleic acid ester whose polymerization degree of glycerol is 2-10 is mentioned. Moreover, as a commercial item, Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd. product SY glycerine CR-ED (polytype), SY glycerine CR-310 (tetraglycerin polymerization degree 4), SY glycerase CR-500 (hexaglycerin polymerization degree 6) Sunsoft 818DG (tetraglycerin polymerization degree 4) manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd., Sunsoft 818R (pentaglycerol polymerization degree 5), Sunsoft 818SK (hexaglycerin polymerization degree 6), and the like. Among these, since the pulling is particularly suppressed and a juicy texture can be obtained, among all the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid esters contained in the layered food oil composition of the present invention, the degree of polymerization of glycerin is It is preferable that the mass of the polyglycerol condensed ricinoleic acid ester which is any one of 4 to 6 is the largest. The polyglycerol condensed ricinoleic acid ester is an esterified product of polyglycerol and condensed ricinoleic acid, and the esterification reaction is produced by a known method. Polyglycerin is a mixture of polyglycerin having different degrees of polymerization, usually obtained by heating glycerin, glycidol, epichlorohydrin, or the like to cause a polycondensation reaction. Therefore, in a commercial item, it is a mixture of the polyglycerol condensed ricinoleic acid ester of glycerol of a different polymerization degree, The polymerization degree of glycerol of the above-mentioned commercial item has shown the polymerization degree of the most glycerol. Moreover, the polymerization degree of the ricinoleic acid of polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester is not specifically limited, For example, what is 2-10 can be used.
ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルの含有量は、特に限定されないが、得られる焼成品のひきの抑制効果とジューシーな食感がより一層良好となることと、焼成品に異味が生じにくいことから、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物の全量に対して、0.001〜2.0質量%であることが好ましく、0.005〜1.5質量%であることがより好ましく、0.01〜1.0質量%であることがさらに好ましい。 The content of the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester is not particularly limited, but since the effect of suppressing the pulverization of the obtained baked product and the juicy texture are further improved, and the baked product is less likely to have a different taste, It is preferable that it is 0.001-2.0 mass% with respect to the whole quantity of the oil-fat composition for layered foods of invention, It is more preferable that it is 0.005-1.5 mass%, 0.01-1 More preferably, it is 0.0 mass%.
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、可塑性油脂として調製し、これを原材料とする生地を用いて焼成品を得ることができる。この可塑性油脂は、水相を実質的に含有しない形態と、水相を含有する形態をとることができる。水相を含有する形態としては油中水型、油中水中油型が挙げられ、油相の含有量は、好ましくは60〜99.4質量%、より好ましくは65〜98質量%であり、水相の含有量は、好ましくは0.6〜40質量%、より好ましくは2〜35質量%である。水相を含有する形態としては油中水型が好ましく、マーガリン等が挙げられる。また水相を実質的に含有しない形態としてはショートニングが挙げられる。ここで「実質的に含有しない」とは日本農林規格のショートニングに該当する、水分(揮発分を含む。)の含有量が0.5質量%以下のことである。 The layered food and fat composition of the present invention is prepared as a plastic fat and oil, and a fired product can be obtained using a dough made from this raw material. This plastic fat can take the form which does not contain an aqueous phase substantially, and the form which contains an aqueous phase. Examples of the form containing the water phase include a water-in-oil type and an oil-in-water type, and the content of the oil phase is preferably 60 to 99.4% by mass, more preferably 65 to 98% by mass, The content of the aqueous phase is preferably 0.6 to 40% by mass, more preferably 2 to 35% by mass. As a form containing an aqueous phase, a water-in-oil type is preferable, and margarine and the like are exemplified. Moreover, shortening is mentioned as a form which does not contain an aqueous phase substantially. Here, “substantially does not contain” means that the content of moisture (including volatile matter) is 0.5% by mass or less, corresponding to the shortening of the Japanese Agricultural Standard.
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、水以外に、従来の公知の成分を含んでもよく、含まなくてもよい。公知の成分としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、乳、乳製品、蛋白質、糖質、塩類、酸味料、pH調整剤、抗酸化剤、香辛料、着色成分、香料、乳化剤等が挙げられる。乳としては、牛乳等が挙げられる。乳製品としては、脱脂乳、クリーム、チーズ(ナチュラルチーズ、プロセスチーズ等)、発酵乳、濃縮乳、脱脂濃縮乳、無糖れん乳、加糖れん乳、無糖脱脂れん乳、加糖脱脂れん乳、全粉乳、脱脂粉乳、クリームパウダー、ホエイパウダー、蛋白濃縮ホエイパウダー、ホエイ蛋白コンセントレート(WPC)、ホエイ蛋白アイソレート(WPI)、バターミルクパウダー、トータルミルクプロテイン、カゼインナトリウム、カゼインカリウム等が挙げられる。蛋白質としては、大豆蛋白、エンドウ豆蛋白、小麦蛋白等の植物蛋白等が挙げられる。糖質としては、単糖(グルコース、フルクトース、ガラクトース、マンノース等)、二糖類(ラクトース、スクロース、マルトース、トレハロース等)、オリゴ糖、糖アルコール、デンプン、デンプン分解物、多糖類等が挙げられる、抗酸化剤としては、L−アスコルビン酸、L−アスコルビン酸誘導体、トコフェロール、トコトリエノール、リグナン、ユビキノン類、キサンチン類、オリザノール、植物ステロール、カテキン類、ポリフェノール類、茶抽出物等が挙げられる。香辛料としては、カプサイシン、アネトール、オイゲノール、シネオール、ジンゲロン等が挙げられる。着色成分としては、カロテン、アナトー、アスタキサンチン等が挙げられる。香料としては、バターフレーバー、ミルクフレーバー等が挙げられる。乳化剤としては、前述したポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルの他、レシチン、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、有機酸グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ステアロイル乳酸カルシウム、ステアロイル乳酸ナトリウム、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル等が挙げられ、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲において添加することができる。 The oil-and-fat composition for layered foods of this invention may contain the conventionally well-known component other than water, and does not need to contain it. Although it does not specifically limit as a well-known component, For example, milk, dairy products, protein, saccharides, salts, a sour agent, a pH adjuster, an antioxidant, a spice, a coloring component, a fragrance | flavor, an emulsifier etc. are mentioned. Examples of milk include milk. Dairy products include skim milk, cream, cheese (natural cheese, processed cheese, etc.), fermented milk, concentrated milk, skim concentrated milk, sugar-free milk, sweetened milk, sugar-free skimmed milk, sweetened skimmed milk, Whole milk powder, skim milk powder, cream powder, whey powder, protein concentrated whey powder, whey protein concentrate (WPC), whey protein isolate (WPI), buttermilk powder, total milk protein, casein sodium, casein potassium, etc. . Examples of the protein include plant proteins such as soybean protein, pea protein, and wheat protein. Examples of carbohydrates include monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, etc.), disaccharides (lactose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, etc.), oligosaccharides, sugar alcohols, starches, starch degradation products, polysaccharides, etc. Examples of the antioxidant include L-ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid derivatives, tocopherol, tocotrienol, lignan, ubiquinones, xanthines, oryzanol, plant sterols, catechins, polyphenols, tea extracts and the like. Examples of spices include capsaicin, anethole, eugenol, cineol, gingerone and the like. Examples of the coloring component include carotene, anato, astaxanthin and the like. Examples of the fragrances include butter flavor and milk flavor. As an emulsifier, in addition to the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester described above, lecithin, glycerin fatty acid ester, organic acid glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, stearoyl calcium lactate, Examples include sodium stearoyl lactate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester and the like, and they can be added within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を可塑性油脂として調製する際には、公知の方法により行うことができる。例えば水相を含有する形態のものは、油相と水相とを、適宜に加熱し混合して乳化した後、コンビネーター、パーフェクター、ボテーター、ネクサス等の冷却混合機により急冷捏和し得ることができる。水相を含有しない形態のものは、油相を加熱した後、コンビネーター、パーフェクター、ボテーター、ネクサス等の冷却混合機により急冷捏和し得ることができる。冷却混合機により急冷捏和後には、必要に応じて熟成(テンパリング)してもよい。このようにして調製される可塑性油脂は、シート状、ブロック状、円柱状、直方体状、ペンシル状等の様々な形状とすることができる。その中でも、加工が容易である点等から、シート状とすることが好ましい。可塑性油脂をシート状とした場合のサイズは、特に限定されないが、例えば、幅50〜1000mm、長さ50〜1000mm、厚さ1〜50mmとすることができる。 When preparing the layered food fat composition of the present invention as a plastic fat, it can be carried out by a known method. For example, in a form containing an aqueous phase, an oil phase and an aqueous phase are appropriately heated, mixed and emulsified, and then rapidly cooled and kneaded by a cooling mixer such as a combinator, a perfector, a botter, or a nexus. be able to. The thing which does not contain a water phase can be rapidly cooled and kneaded with a cooling mixer such as a combinator, a perfector, a botter, or a nexus after heating the oil phase. After quenching with a cooling mixer, aging (tempering) may be performed as necessary. The plastic oil thus prepared can be in various shapes such as a sheet shape, a block shape, a columnar shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a pencil shape. Among them, a sheet shape is preferable from the viewpoint of easy processing. Although the size at the time of making plastic oil and fat into a sheet form is not specifically limited, For example, it can be set as width 50-1000mm, length 50-1000mm, and thickness 1-50mm.
2.層状食品用生地及び焼成品
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、可塑性油脂としてパンや菓子等の焼成品の生地に折り込んで使用することができる。例えば、生地の間に本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を用いたシート状の可塑性油脂を挟み込み、その後、伸展と折り畳みを繰り返すことによって生地中に可塑性油脂を層状に折り込んで、生地と可塑性油脂の薄い層を何層にも作り上げる。そして、この本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を含有する生地を焼成することによってデニッシュ、クロワッサン、パイ等の焼成品が得られる。生地への本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物の折り込みや、焼成は、例えば公知の条件及び方法に従って行うことができる。
2. Layered food dough and baked product The layered food fat composition of the present invention can be used by being folded into a baked product dough such as bread or confectionery as a plastic fat. For example, the sheet-like plastic fat / oil using the layered food fat / oil composition of the present invention is sandwiched between the dough, and then the dough and the plastic fat / oil are folded in layers by repeating extension and folding. Create many layers of thin layers. And baking products, such as a Danish, a croissant, and a pie, are obtained by baking the dough containing this oil composition for layered foods of this invention. The folding or baking of the layered food fat composition of the present invention into the dough can be performed, for example, according to known conditions and methods.
この層状食品用生地は穀粉を主成分とし、穀粉としては、通常、焼成品の生地に配合されるものであれば、特に限定されないが、例えば、小麦粉(強力粉、中力粉、薄力粉等)、大麦粉、米粉、とうもろこし粉、ライ麦粉、そば粉、大豆粉等が挙げられる。 This layered food dough is mainly composed of flour, and the flour is not particularly limited as long as it is usually blended into the baked product dough. For example, wheat flour (strong flour, medium flour, weak flour, etc.), Barley flour, rice flour, corn flour, rye flour, buckwheat flour, soybean flour and the like can be mentioned.
この層状食品用生地における本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物の配合量は、焼成品の種類によっても異なり特に限定されないが、層状食品用生地に配合される穀粉100質量部に対して、好ましくは20〜120質量部であり、より好ましくは20〜100質量部である。 The blending amount of the layered food fat composition of the present invention in this layered food dough varies depending on the type of baked product and is not particularly limited, but is preferably based on 100 parts by weight of flour blended in the layered food dough. It is 20-120 mass parts, More preferably, it is 20-100 mass parts.
この層状食品用生地には、穀粉と本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物以外にも、通常、焼成品の生地に配合されるものであれば、特に制限なく配合することができる。また、これらの配合量も、通常、焼成品の生地に配合される範囲を考慮して特に制限なく配合することができる。具体的には、例えば、水や、前記したような乳、乳製品、蛋白質、糖質の他、卵、卵加工品、澱粉、塩類、乳化剤、乳化起泡剤(乳化油脂)、可塑性油脂(練り込み用油脂組成物)、イースト、イーストフード、カカオマス、ココアパウダー、チョコレート、コーヒー、紅茶、抹茶、野菜類、果物類、果実、果汁、ジャム、フルーツソース、肉類、魚介類、豆類、きな粉、豆腐、豆乳、大豆蛋白、膨張剤、甘味料、調味料、香辛料、着色料、香料等が挙げられる。 In addition to the flour and the oil composition for layered food of the present invention, the layered food dough can be blended without particular limitation as long as it is usually blended into the baked product dough. These blending amounts can also be blended without any particular limitation, usually considering the range blended in the baked product dough. Specifically, for example, water, milk, dairy products, proteins and sugars as described above, eggs, processed eggs, starches, salts, emulsifiers, emulsifying foaming agents (emulsified fats and oils), plastic fats and oils ( Oil composition for kneading), yeast, yeast food, cacao mass, cocoa powder, chocolate, coffee, tea, green tea, vegetables, fruits, fruits, fruit juice, jam, fruit sauce, meat, seafood, beans, kinako, Examples include tofu, soy milk, soy protein, swelling agents, sweeteners, seasonings, spices, coloring agents, and fragrances.
焼成品としては、例えば、イースト等を使用して生地を発酵させるデニッシュやクロワッサン、パイなどのペストリー等が挙げられる。 Examples of the baked product include pastries such as Danish, croissant, and pie that ferment the dough using yeast or the like.
(練り込み用油脂組成物)
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を添加した生地は、好ましい態様において、次の練り込み用油脂組成物が併用される。
(Fat composition for kneading)
In a preferred embodiment, the dough to which the layered food fat composition of the present invention is added is used in combination with the following kneading fat composition.
この練り込み用油脂組成物は、2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの含有量が油脂全量に対して35〜56質量%、2飽和トリグリセリド(SUSおよびSSU)と3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)との合計量が32〜50質量%、全2飽和トリグリセリド(HFHおよびHHF)のうち対称型トリグリセリド(HFH)と非対称型トリグリセリド(HHF)との質量比(HFH/HHF)が1.2〜3.0である。(ここで2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの1、3位の脂肪酸は全構成脂肪酸であり、SUS、SSU、およびSSSにおける構成脂肪酸の炭素数は、全て16以上である。)。 In this fat and oil composition for kneading, the content of triglyceride having oleic acid bonded at the 2-position is 35 to 56% by mass with respect to the total amount of fat and oil, disaturated triglycerides (SUS and SSU), trisaturated triglycerides (SSS), The total ratio of symmetric triglycerides (HFH) to asymmetric triglycerides (HHF) of all disaturated triglycerides (HFH and HHF) (HFH / HHF) is 1.2-3. 0. (Here, the fatty acids at the 1st and 3rd positions of the triglyceride to which oleic acid is bonded at the 2nd position are all constituting fatty acids, and the number of carbon atoms of the constituting fatty acids in SUS, SSU, and SSS is all 16 or more).
前述したように、2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドは徐冷時において結晶化部分(固)と非結晶部分(液)とが混在(固液分離)した状態となりやすい。2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの含有量を上記範囲内とすることで、分子構造による結晶化の阻害による非結晶化部分の量が適度になり、ジューシー感を付与することができる。さらに、2飽和トリグリセリド(SUSおよびSSU)と3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)との合計量を上記範囲内とすることで、これらが結晶核として作用し結晶化部分と非結晶部分とが混在した状態が促進され、その結果、焼成品の経時的なひきの発生がなく、のど越しが向上する。また、HFH/HHFを上記範囲内とすることで、冷却混合機により急冷捏和し可塑性油脂とする際における結晶化を調整し、非結晶化部分の量を適度なものとすることができる。デニッシュやクロワッサン等は、生地に占める層状食品用油脂の割合が多く、層状食品に対する食感の寄与度は大きいものである。他方層状食品用油脂は、生地との間に層を形成する必要があるため、生地に練り込まれないでいることが必要である。そのため、上記練り込み用油脂組成物を本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物と併用することによって、練り込み用油脂が生地全体にいきわたることから、経時的なひきの発生の抑制、ジューシー感、およびのど越しの一層良好な焼成品が得られる。 As described above, triglyceride in which oleic acid is bonded to the 2-position tends to be in a state where a crystallized part (solid) and an amorphous part (liquid) are mixed (solid-liquid separation) during slow cooling. By setting the content of triglyceride having oleic acid bonded to the 2-position within the above range, the amount of non-crystallized portion due to inhibition of crystallization by the molecular structure becomes appropriate, and a juicy feeling can be imparted. Further, by setting the total amount of di-saturated triglycerides (SUS and SSU) and tri-saturated triglycerides (SSS) within the above range, these act as crystal nuclei and a state where a crystallized portion and an amorphous portion are mixed is obtained. As a result, there is no occurrence of the baked product over time and the throat is improved. In addition, by setting HFH / HHF within the above range, crystallization in the case of quenching and quenching with a cooling mixer to obtain a plastic fat can be adjusted, and the amount of non-crystallized portion can be made moderate. Danish, croissants, etc. have a large proportion of fat for layered food in the dough, and the contribution of texture to the layered food is large. On the other hand, it is necessary that the layered food fat is not kneaded into the dough because it is necessary to form a layer with the dough. Therefore, by using the above fat composition for kneading together with the fat composition for layered food of the present invention, the fat for kneading spreads over the entire dough, so that the occurrence of pulling over time, a juicy feeling, and A better baked product over the throat is obtained.
上記練り込み用油脂組成物は、パーム油の固化開始温度の変化が1.0℃未満であり、かつ全構成脂肪酸中の80質量%以上が飽和脂肪酸であるソルビタン脂肪酸エステルおよびパーム油の固化開始温度の変化が1.0℃未満であるポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有することが好ましい。 The above kneading fat and oil composition has a change in the solidification start temperature of palm oil of less than 1.0 ° C., and sorbitan fatty acid ester in which 80% by mass or more of all the constituent fatty acids are saturated fatty acids and the start of solidification of palm oil. It is preferable to contain at least one selected from polyglycerin fatty acid esters whose temperature change is less than 1.0 ° C.
このソルビタン脂肪酸エステルおよびポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルから選ばれる少なくとも1種をを用いることで、焼成後における徐冷条件において、焼成品中の油脂結晶の析出を遅延し、油脂の結晶部分と非結晶部分が分かれた形態になって、非結晶状態である油脂を多く含有することができる。そのため、喫食したときに硬い結晶部分を感じることが少なく、ジューシーな食感を有する。また焼成品の経時的なひきの発生を抑制しのど越しも良好である。 ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルのパーム油の固化開始温度の変化量((ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを添加したパーム油の固化開始温度)−(パーム油の固化開始温度))は好ましくは0℃以下、より好ましくは−0.5〜0℃、更に好ましくは−0.4〜−0.1℃であり、全構成脂肪酸中の好ましくは85質量%以上、より好ましくは90質量%以上が飽和脂肪酸である。 By using at least one selected from these sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyglycerin fatty acid esters, the precipitation of fat crystals in the fired product is delayed under slow cooling conditions after firing, so that the crystalline and non-crystalline parts of the fat are It becomes a separated form and can contain many fats and oils which are an amorphous state. Therefore, there is little feeling of a hard crystal part when eating, and it has a juicy texture. Moreover, the occurrence of pulling over time of the fired product is suppressed, and the throat is good. The amount of change in the solidification start temperature of palm oil of sorbitan fatty acid ester ((solidification start temperature of palm oil added with sorbitan fatty acid ester) − (solidification start temperature of palm oil)) is preferably 0 ° C. or less, more preferably −0. It is 0.5-0 degreeC, More preferably, it is -0.4-0.1 degreeC, Preferably it is 85 mass% or more in all the constituent fatty acids, More preferably, 90 mass% or more is a saturated fatty acid.
飽和脂肪酸はパルミチン酸であることが好ましい。 The saturated fatty acid is preferably palmitic acid.
ここでソルビタン脂肪酸エステルの全構成脂肪酸中の飽和脂肪酸量は、ガスクロマトグラフ法(基準油脂分析試験法(公益社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.4.2.2−2013 脂肪酸組成(FID昇温ガスクロマトグラフ法)」)により測定することができる。 Here, the amount of saturated fatty acid in all the constituent fatty acids of the sorbitan fatty acid ester is determined according to “2.4.2.2-2013 Fatty Acid Composition (FID Ascent) of Gas Chromatographic Method (Standard Oil Analysis Test Method (Japan Oil Chemists' Society)). It can be measured by the warm gas chromatograph method))).
またパーム油の固化開始温度は、示差走査熱量測定(DSC)により測定した値である。固化開始温度の測定には、示差走査熱量計(型番:DSC Q1000、ティー・エイ・インスツルメント・ジャパン(株)製)を用いることができる。より詳細には、パーム油(ヨウ素価53)100質量部にソルビタン脂肪酸エステル0.5質量部を添加し、80℃から毎分10℃の速度で冷却し、固化開始温度を測定した。 The solidification start temperature of palm oil is a value measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For the measurement of the solidification start temperature, a differential scanning calorimeter (model number: DSC Q1000, manufactured by TA Instruments Japan Co., Ltd.) can be used. More specifically, 0.5 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester was added to 100 parts by mass of palm oil (iodine value 53), cooled from 80 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C. per minute, and the solidification start temperature was measured.
本発明に使用されるソルビタン脂肪酸エステルは、HLB値が好ましくは1.0〜4.0である。HLB値がこの範囲であると、上記のようなジューシーな食感に適している。 The sorbitan fatty acid ester used in the present invention preferably has an HLB value of 1.0 to 4.0. When the HLB value is within this range, it is suitable for the above-mentioned juicy texture.
ここでHLB値は、Griffin式(Atlas社法)により求めることができる。 Here, the HLB value can be obtained by the Griffin equation (Atlas method).
本発明においては、上記のようなソルビタン脂肪酸エステルとして、市販のものを用いることができる。 In the present invention, commercially available sorbitan fatty acid esters can be used.
上記ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルのパーム油の固化開始温度の変化量((ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加したパーム油の固化開始温度)−(パーム油の固化開始温度))は好ましくは0℃以下、より好ましくは−0.5〜0℃、さらに好ましくは−0.4〜−0.1℃である。 The amount of change in the solidification start temperature of the polyglycerin fatty acid ester palm oil ((solidification start temperature of palm oil added with polyglycerin fatty acid ester) − (solidification start temperature of palm oil)) is preferably 0 ° C. or less, more preferably Is −0.5 to 0 ° C., more preferably −0.4 to −0.1 ° C.
本発明においては、上記ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとして、市販のものを用いることができる。例えば、太陽化学(株)製のサンソフトQMP−5、阪本薬品工業(株)製のSYグリスターTHL−15、SYグリスターTHL−44等が挙げられる。 In the present invention, a commercially available polyglycerin fatty acid ester can be used. Examples thereof include Sunsoft QMP-5 manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd., SY Glister THL-15, SY Glister THL-44 manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and the like.
上記ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルまたはポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの含有量は、油脂全量に対して、0.3〜2.5質量%であることが好ましく、0.5〜2.0質量%であることがより好ましい。上記ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルと上記ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを併用する場合には、これらの合計量としてこの範囲内であることが好ましい。上記含有量がこの範囲内にあれば、ジューシーな食感が向上し、焼成品の経時的なひきの発生を抑制しのど越しも良好で、かつ、乳化剤による雑味を感じることなく風味の良好な層状食品を得ることができる。 The content of the sorbitan fatty acid ester or polyglycerin fatty acid ester is preferably 0.3 to 2.5% by mass and more preferably 0.5 to 2.0% by mass with respect to the total amount of fats and oils. . When the sorbitan fatty acid ester and the polyglycerin fatty acid ester are used in combination, the total amount thereof is preferably within this range. If the above content is within this range, the succulent texture will be improved, the aging of the fired product will be suppressed, the throat will be good, and the flavor will be good without feeling the miscellaneous taste of the emulsifier. A layered food product can be obtained.
上記練り込み用油脂組成物は、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物と同様に、前記に例示したような方法によって可塑性油脂として調製することができる。例えば水相を含有する形態のものは、油相と水相とを、適宜に加熱し混合して乳化した後、冷却混合機により急冷捏和し得ることができる。水相を含有しない形態のものは、油相を加熱した後、冷却混合機により急冷捏和し得ることができる。冷却混合機により急冷捏和後には、必要に応じて熟成(テンパリング)してもよい。また上記練り込み用油脂組成物は、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物と同様に、前記に例示したような公知の成分を含んでもよい。 The kneading fat / oil composition can be prepared as a plastic fat / oil by the method exemplified above, similarly to the layered food fat / oil composition of the present invention. For example, in a form containing an aqueous phase, an oil phase and an aqueous phase can be appropriately heated, mixed and emulsified, and then rapidly cooled and kneaded with a cooling mixer. The thing which does not contain a water phase can be rapidly cooled and kneaded with a cooling mixer after heating an oil phase. After quenching with a cooling mixer, aging (tempering) may be performed as necessary. In addition, the kneading fat and oil composition may contain known components as exemplified above, similarly to the layered food fat and oil composition of the present invention.
上記練り込み用油脂組成物は、可塑性油脂として層状食品用生地に練り込んで使用することができる。上記練り込み用油脂組成物を練り込んだ生地の間に、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を用いたシート状の可塑性油脂を挟み込み、その後、伸展と折り畳みを繰り返すことによって、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を用いたシート状の可塑性油脂を生地中へ層状に折り込んで、生地とこの可塑性油脂の薄い層を何層にも作り上げる。この上記練り込み用油脂組成物および本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を含有する層状食品用生地を焼成することによって、層状食品としてパンや菓子等の焼成品が得られる。 The kneading fat composition can be used by kneading into a layered food dough as a plastic fat. Between the dough kneaded with the above kneading fat composition, the sheet-like plastic fat using the layered food fat composition of the present invention is sandwiched, and then the stretching and folding are repeated, thereby making the layered form of the present invention. Sheet-like plastic fats and oils using a food-use fat and oil composition are folded in layers into the dough, and the dough and a thin layer of this plastic fat are formed into multiple layers. By baking the kneaded fat composition and the layered food dough containing the layered food fat composition of the present invention, baking products such as bread and confectionery can be obtained as the layered food.
以下に、実施例により本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に何ら限定されるものではない。
(1)測定方法
2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの含有量、2位にオレイン酸が結合されたトリグリセリドと2位にリノール酸が結合されたトリグリセリドとの合計量、2位にオレイン酸が結合され、1、3位にステアリン酸が結合した(StOSt)の含有量、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量、2不飽和トリグリセリド(SUUおよびUSU)と3不飽和トリグリセリド(UUU)との合計量、3不飽和トリグリセリド(UUU)の含有量、2飽和トリグリセリド(SUSおよびSSU)と3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)との合計量は、ガスクロマトグラフ法(基準油脂分析試験法(公益社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.4.2.2−2013 脂肪酸組成(FID昇温ガスクロマトグラフ法)」と「奨2−2013 2位脂肪酸組成」)で測定し、それぞれ脂肪酸量を用いて計算にて求めた。なお、2位にオレイン酸またはリノール酸が結合されたトリグリセリドの1、3位の構成脂肪酸は全脂肪酸、それ以外は、構成脂肪酸の炭素数が全て16以上のものと対象とし、油脂全量を基準としている。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
(1) Measurement method Content of triglyceride with oleic acid bonded at the 2nd position Total amount of triglyceride with oleic acid bonded at the 2nd position and triglyceride with linoleic acid bonded at the 2nd position, oleic acid at the 2nd position The content of (StOSt) in which stearic acid is bonded to the 1,3-positions, the content of 3 saturated triglycerides (SSS), 2 unsaturated triglycerides (SUU and USU) and 3 unsaturated triglycerides (UUU) The total amount of 3 unsaturated triglycerides (UUU), 2 saturated triglycerides (SUS and SSU) and 3 saturated triglycerides (SSS) can be determined by gas chromatographic method (standard oil analysis test method (Japan Oil) “2.4.2.2-2013 Fatty acid composition (FID temperature rising gas chromatograph method)” and “Recommendation 2-20” 3 2-position measured by the fatty acid composition "), obtained in each calculated using fatty acid content. The triglyceride with oleic acid or linoleic acid bonded to the 2nd position is the total fatty acid for the 1st and 3rd position fatty acids, and the rest are all fatty acids with 16 or more carbon atoms. It is said.
全2飽和トリグリセリド(HFHおよびHHF)のうち対称型トリグリセリド(HFH)と非対称型トリグリセリド(HHF)との質量比(HFH/HHF)は、ガスクロマトグラフ法(基準油脂分析試験法(公益社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.4.2.2−2013 脂肪酸組成(FID昇温ガスクロマトグラフ法)」と「奨2−2013 2位脂肪酸組成」)により求めたHFH型トリグリセリドとHHF型トリグリセリドの質量より算出した。 The mass ratio (HFH / HHF) of symmetric triglyceride (HFH) to asymmetric triglyceride (HHF) of all di-saturated triglycerides (HFH and HHF) is determined by gas chromatographic method (standard oil analysis test method (Japan Oil) From the masses of HFH type triglycerides and HHF type triglycerides determined by “2.4.2.2-2013 fatty acid composition (FID temperature rising gas chromatograph method)” and “Recommendation 2-2013 2-position fatty acid composition”) Calculated.
各油脂のヨウ素価は、基準油脂分析試験法(公益社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.3.4.1−2013ヨウ素価(ウィイス−シクロヘキサン法)」で測定した。 The iodine value of each fat / oil was measured by “2.3.4.1-2013 Iodine number (Wiis-cyclohexane method)” of the standard fat analysis method (Japan Oil Chemical Society).
(2)油脂組成物の作製
(エステル交換油脂1 油脂A1)
パーム極度硬化油27質量%、パーム油46質量%、パーム核極度硬化油27質量%を混合し、触媒としてナトリウムメチラートを添加し、減圧下で、エステル交換反応した。
エステル交換反応後、水洗、脱水、脱色しエステル交換油脂を得た。このエステル交換油脂の3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量は18.3質量%であった。
(エステル交換油脂2 油脂A2)
パーム極度硬化油30質量%、パーム油52質量%、パーム核極度硬化油18質量%を混合し、触媒としてナトリウムメチラートを添加し、減圧下で、エステル交換反応した。
エステル交換反応後、水洗、脱水、脱色しエステル交換油脂を得た。このエステル交換油脂の3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量は21.6質量%であった。
(エステル交換油脂3 油脂B1)
パーム油(ヨウ素価53)90質量%、菜種油10質量%を混合し、触媒としてナトリウムメチラートを添加し、減圧下でエステル交換反応を行った。エステル交換反応後、水洗、脱水、脱色、脱臭しエステル交換油脂を得た。このパーム系エステル交換油脂の3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量は9.5質量%であった。
(エステル交換油脂4)
パーム核油40質量%、パーム油60質量%を混合し、触媒としてナトリウムメチラートを添加し、減圧下でエステル交換反応を行った。エステル交換反応後、水洗、脱水、脱色、脱臭しエステル交換油脂を得た。このエステル交換油脂の3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量は3.7質量%であった。
(エステル交換油脂5)
パーム油(ヨウ素価53)65質量%、菜種油35質量%を混合し、触媒としてナトリウムメチラートを添加し、減圧下でエステル交換反応を行った。エステル交換反応後、水洗、脱水、脱色、脱臭しエステル交換油脂を得た。このエステル交換油脂の3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量は3.5質量%であった。
(エステル交換油脂6)
パーム分別軟質油(ヨウ素価56)に触媒としてナトリウムメチラートを添加し、減圧下でエステル交換反応を行った。エステル交換反応後、水洗、脱水、脱色、脱臭しエステル交換油脂を得た。このパーム分別軟質油エステル交換油脂の3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量は9.1質量%であった。
(エステル交換油脂7 油脂B2)
パーム油(ヨウ素価53)に触媒としてナトリウムメチラートを添加し、減圧下でエステル交換反応を行った。エステル交換反応後、水洗、脱水、脱色、脱臭しエステル交換油脂を得た。このパーム油エステル交換油脂の3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量は13.7質量%であった。
(油脂A3)
ヨウ素価32、3飽和トリグリセリド(SSS)の含有量25.8質量%のパーム分別硬質油を用いた。
(2) Preparation of oil / fat composition (transesterified oil / fat 1 oil / fat A1)
Palm extremely hardened oil 27% by mass, palm oil 46% by mass, and palm kernel extremely hardened oil 27% by mass were mixed, sodium methylate was added as a catalyst, and transesterification was performed under reduced pressure.
After the transesterification reaction, washing with water, dehydration, and decolorization were performed to obtain a transesterified oil and fat. The content of trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) in this transesterified oil and fat was 18.3% by mass.
(Transesterified oil 2)
30% by mass of palm extremely hardened oil, 52% by weight of palm oil, and 18% by weight of palm kernel extremely hardened oil were mixed, sodium methylate was added as a catalyst, and transesterification was performed under reduced pressure.
After the transesterification reaction, washing with water, dehydration, and decolorization were performed to obtain a transesterified oil and fat. The content of trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) in this transesterified oil and fat was 21.6% by mass.
(Transesterified oil and fat 3 Oil and fat B1)
90% by mass of palm oil (iodine value 53) and 10% by mass of rapeseed oil were mixed, sodium methylate was added as a catalyst, and transesterification was performed under reduced pressure. After the transesterification reaction, washing with water, dehydration, decolorization, and deodorization were performed to obtain a transesterified oil and fat. The content of trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) in this palm-based transesterified oil and fat was 9.5% by mass.
(Transesterified oil 4)
40% by mass of palm kernel oil and 60% by mass of palm oil were mixed, sodium methylate was added as a catalyst, and transesterification was performed under reduced pressure. After the transesterification reaction, washing with water, dehydration, decolorization, and deodorization were performed to obtain a transesterified oil and fat. The content of trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) in this transesterified oil and fat was 3.7% by mass.
(Transesterified oil 5)
Palm oil (iodine value 53) 65 mass% and rapeseed oil 35 mass% were mixed, sodium methylate was added as a catalyst, and transesterification was performed under reduced pressure. After the transesterification reaction, washing with water, dehydration, decolorization, and deodorization were performed to obtain a transesterified oil and fat. The content of trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) in this transesterified oil and fat was 3.5% by mass.
(Transesterified oil 6)
Sodium methylate was added as a catalyst to palm fractionated soft oil (iodine number 56), and transesterification was performed under reduced pressure. After the transesterification reaction, washing with water, dehydration, decolorization, and deodorization were performed to obtain a transesterified oil and fat. The content of trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) in this palm fractionated soft oil transesterified oil was 9.1% by mass.
(Transesterified oil and fat 7, oil and fat B2)
Sodium methylate was added as a catalyst to palm oil (iodine value 53), and a transesterification reaction was performed under reduced pressure. After the transesterification reaction, washing with water, dehydration, decolorization, and deodorization were performed to obtain a transesterified oil and fat. The content of trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) in this palm oil transesterified fat was 13.7% by mass.
(Oil A3)
A palm fractionated hard oil having an iodine value of 32 and a trisaturated triglyceride (SSS) content of 25.8% by mass was used.
(乳化剤)
ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステル1
CR500、重合度6、阪本薬品工業(株)製)
ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステル2
CR310、重合度4、阪本薬品工業(株)製)
ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステル3
CR−ED、ポリタイプ、阪本薬品工業(株)製
(emulsifier)
Polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester 1
CR500, degree of polymerization 6, manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
Polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester 2
CR310, degree of polymerization 4, manufactured by Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
Polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester 3
CR-ED, polytype, Sakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
なお、上記ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルの重合度は、ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルのグリセリンの重合度における最も多い重合度を示した。 In addition, the polymerization degree of the said polyglycerol condensed ricinoleic acid ester showed the largest polymerization degree in the polymerization degree of glycerol of a polyglycerol condensed ricinoleic acid ester.
ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル
パーム油の固化開始温度の変化量 −0.2℃
構成脂肪酸 飽和脂肪酸含有量90質量%(パルミチン酸含有量90質量%)
HLB 2.8
ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル
太陽化学(株)製 サンソフトQMP−5
パーム油の固化開始温度の変化量 −0.89℃
Sorbitan fatty acid ester Change amount of solidification start temperature of palm oil −0.2 ° C.
Constituent fatty acid Saturated fatty acid content 90 mass% (palmitic acid content 90 mass%)
HLB 2.8
Polyglycerin fatty acid ester Taiyo Chemical Co., Ltd. Sunsoft QMP-5
Change amount of solidification start temperature of palm oil -0.89 ℃
ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルまたはポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加したパーム油の固化開始温度(℃)の変化量は、以下のようにして測定した。まず、パーム油(ヨウ素価53)100質量部にソルビタン脂肪酸エステルまたはポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル0.5質量部を添加し、それを測定用のアルミニウムパンに3.5mg量り、更にサンプルを何も入れない空パン(リファレンス)を用いて、示差走査熱量計(型番:DSC Q1000、ティー・エイ・インスツルメント・ジャパン(株)製)で以下の条件で固化開始温度を測定した。 The amount of change in the solidification start temperature (° C.) of palm oil to which sorbitan fatty acid ester or polyglycerin fatty acid ester was added was measured as follows. First, 0.5 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester or polyglycerin fatty acid ester is added to 100 parts by mass of palm oil (iodine value 53), and 3.5 mg is measured in an aluminum pan for measurement, and no sample is added. Using an empty pan (reference), the solidification start temperature was measured under the following conditions with a differential scanning calorimeter (model number: DSC Q1000, manufactured by TA Instruments Japan Co., Ltd.).
次に、同様にして、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルおよびポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加していないパーム油の固化開始温度を測定した。 Next, similarly, the solidification start temperature of palm oil to which sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyglycerin fatty acid ester were not added was measured.
ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルまたはポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加したパーム油の固化開始温度とソルビタン脂肪酸エステルおよびポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加していないパーム油の固化開始温度の差を、パーム油の固化開始温度(℃)の変化量とした。
固化開始温度(℃)の変化量=(ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを添加したパーム油の固化開始温度)−(ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルおよびポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加していないパーム油の固化開始温度)
固化開始温度(℃)の変化量=(ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加したパーム油の固化開始温度)−(ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルおよびソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを添加していないパーム油の固化開始温度)
[測定条件]
示差走査熱量計のセル内の温度を80℃まで昇温し、5分間保持し、完全にサンプルを溶解させた。その後、毎分10℃(10℃/min.)で80℃から−40℃まで降温させ、その過程における固化開始温度(発熱ピークにおける発熱開始温度)を測定した。固化開始温度は、ベースラインとピークとの接線における交点とした。
The difference between the solidification start temperature of palm oil to which sorbitan fatty acid ester or polyglycerin fatty acid ester is added and the solidification start temperature of palm oil to which sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyglycerin fatty acid ester are not added is the solidification start temperature of palm oil (° C) The amount of change.
Change amount of solidification start temperature (° C.) = (Solidification start temperature of palm oil to which sorbitan fatty acid ester is added) − (solidification start temperature of palm oil to which sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyglycerol fatty acid ester are not added)
Change amount of solidification start temperature (° C.) = (Solidification start temperature of palm oil added with polyglycerol fatty acid ester) − (solidification start temperature of palm oil not added with polyglycerol fatty acid ester and sorbitan fatty acid ester)
[Measurement condition]
The temperature in the cell of the differential scanning calorimeter was raised to 80 ° C. and held for 5 minutes to completely dissolve the sample. Thereafter, the temperature was lowered from 80 ° C. to −40 ° C. at 10 ° C./minute (10 ° C./min.), And the solidification start temperature in the process (heat generation start temperature at the exothermic peak) was measured. The solidification start temperature was the intersection point at the tangent line between the baseline and the peak.
<層状食品用油脂組成物の作製>
表1〜表5に示す油脂配合で、適宜に乳化剤を溶解し、油相を得た。
油相84質量部を75℃に調温した。(S16〜S22については、油脂84質量部に乳化剤を添加し油相とした。)一方水に脱脂粉乳、食塩を溶解後、85℃で加熱殺菌し水相を得た。(S16〜S22については、乳化剤を入れた分は水にて調整した。)油相をプロペラ撹拌機で撹拌しながら水相を添加し、油中水型に乳化した後にバターフレーバーを0.1質量部添加し、コンビネーターによって急冷捏和し、25cm×21cm×1cmのシート状に成型し、可塑性油脂として層状食品用油脂組成物(S1〜S24)を得た。
〈層状食品用油脂組成物の配合〉
油相 84質量部
水 13.4質量部
脱脂粉乳 1.5質量部
食塩 1.0質量部
バターフレーバー 0.1質量部
<Preparation of layered food oil composition>
An oil phase was obtained by appropriately dissolving the emulsifier by blending oils and fats shown in Tables 1 to 5.
The temperature of 84 parts by mass of the oil phase was adjusted to 75 ° C. (For S16 to S22, an emulsifier was added to 84 parts by mass of fat to make an oil phase.) On the other hand, skim milk powder and salt were dissolved in water, and then heat sterilized at 85 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. (For S16 to S22, the amount of the emulsifier added was adjusted with water.) While stirring the oil phase with a propeller stirrer, the water phase was added and emulsified into a water-in-oil type. Mass parts were added, quenched and kneaded with a combinator, and molded into a sheet of 25 cm × 21 cm × 1 cm to obtain a layered food fat composition (S1 to S24) as a plastic fat.
<Formulation of oil composition for layered food>
Oil phase 84 parts by weight Water 13.4 parts by weight Nonfat dry milk 1.5 parts by weight Salt 1.0 part by weight Butter flavor 0.1 parts by weight
<練り込み用油脂組成物の作製>
表1〜表5に示す油脂配合で、適宜に乳化剤を溶解し、油相を得た。
<Preparation of oil composition for kneading>
An oil phase was obtained by appropriately dissolving the emulsifier by blending oils and fats shown in Tables 1 to 5.
油相84質量部を75℃に調温した。(N6〜N10については、油脂84質量部に乳化剤を添加し油相とした。)一方水に脱脂粉乳を溶解後、85℃で加熱殺菌し水相を得た。(N6〜N10については、乳化剤を入れた分は水にて調整した。)油相をプロペラ撹拌機で撹拌しながら水相を添加し、油中水型に乳化した後にバターフレーバーを0.1質量部添加し、コンビネーターによって急冷捏和し、可塑性油脂として練り込み用油脂組成物(N1〜N10)を得た。
〈練り込み用油脂組成物の配合〉
油相 84質量部
水 14.4質量部
脱脂粉乳 1.5質量部
バターフレーバー 0.1質量部
The temperature of 84 parts by mass of the oil phase was adjusted to 75 ° C. (For N6 to N10, an emulsifier was added to 84 parts by mass of fats and oils to obtain an oil phase.) On the other hand, skim milk powder was dissolved in water and then heat sterilized at 85 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. (For N6 to N10, the amount of the emulsifier was adjusted with water.) While stirring the oil phase with a propeller stirrer, the water phase was added and emulsified into a water-in-oil type. Mass parts were added and quenched and kneaded with a combinator to obtain a fat and oil composition for kneading (N1 to N10) as a plastic fat.
<Formulation of oil composition for kneading>
Oil phase 84 parts by weight Water 14.4 parts by weight Nonfat dry milk 1.5 parts by weight Butter flavor 0.1 parts by weight
(3)評価
実施例および比較例の各試料について次の評価を行った。
<デニッシュの作製>
下記の配合および製造条件でデニッシュを製造した。具体的には層状食品用油脂組成物および練り込み用油脂組成物以外の材料をミキサーに投入し、低速3分、中低速5分ミキシングを行った後、練り込み用油脂組成物を入れ低速2分、中低速4分ミキシングを行い、生地を得た。この生地を、フロアタイムをとった後、0℃で一晩リタードさせた。この生地に層状食品用油脂組成物を折り込み、3つ折り2回を加え−10℃にて30分リタードし、3つ折り1回を加え−10℃にて60分リタードさせた。その後シーターゲージ厚3mmまで延ばし、10cm角(10cm×10cm)にカットし、ホイロ後、焼成してデニッシュを得た。
(3) Evaluation The following evaluation was performed about each sample of an Example and a comparative example.
<Production of Danish>
Danish was manufactured with the following formulation and manufacturing conditions. Specifically, materials other than the layered food and fat composition and the kneading fat and oil composition are put into a mixer, mixed at low speed for 3 minutes and medium and low speed for 5 minutes, and then mixed with the kneading fat and oil composition at low speed 2 Mixing was carried out for 4 minutes at medium and low speeds to obtain a dough. After taking the floor time, the dough was retarded overnight at 0 ° C. The oily composition for layered food was folded into this dough, added twice in 3 folds, retarded at −10 ° C. for 30 minutes, added once in 3 folds, and retarded at −10 ° C. for 60 minutes. Thereafter, the sheeter gauge was extended to a thickness of 3 mm, cut into 10 cm square (10 cm × 10 cm), baked and fired to obtain a Danish.
〈デニッシュの配合〉
強力粉 90質量部
薄力粉 10質量部
上白糖 10質量部
食塩 1.8質量部
脱脂粉乳 3質量部
全卵 6質量部
練り込み用油脂組成物 8質量部
イースト 5質量部
イーストフード 0.1質量部
水 53質量部
層状食品用油脂組成物 生地100質量部に対して21質量部
<Dennish formulation>
Strong powder 90 parts by weight Soft flour 10 parts by weight Upper white sugar 10 parts by weight Salt 1.8 parts by weight Nonfat dry milk 3 parts by weight Whole egg 6 parts by weight Oil and fat composition for kneading 8 parts by weight Yeast 5 parts by weight East food 0.1 parts by weight Water 53 parts by mass layered food fat composition 21 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of dough
〈デニッシュ生地の製造条件〉
ミキシング: 低速3分、中低速5分、(練り込み用油脂組成物投入)、低速2分、
中低速4分
捏上温度: 25℃
フロアタイム:27℃ 75% 30分
リタード: 0℃ 一晩
ロールイン: 3つ折り×2回 −10℃にてリタード30分
3つ折り×1回 −10℃にてリタード60分
成型: シーターゲージ厚3mm 10cm角(10cm×10cm)にカット
ホイロ: 35℃ 75% 60分
焼成: 200℃ 14分
<Production conditions for Danish fabric>
Mixing: 3 minutes at low speed, 5 minutes at medium speed, (input of oil composition for kneading), 2 minutes at low speed,
Medium / low speed 4 minutes 捏 Up temperature: 25 ℃
Floor time: 27 ° C 75% 30 minutes Retard: 0 ° C overnight Roll-in: Trifold x 2 times -10 ° C retarded 30 minutes
Tri-fold x 1 Retard at -10 ° C for 60 minutes Molding: Sheeter gauge thickness 3mm Cut to 10cm square (10cm x 10cm) Proof: 35 ° C 75% 60min Firing: 200 ° C 14min
<評価>
実施例1〜8、比較例1〜7
上記焼成したデニッシュを、2時間室温で放冷した後、20℃にて1日保管したものをパネルによる官能評価を以下の基準で評価した。なお、評価を行ったパネルに関して、五味(甘、酸、塩、苦、うま味)の識別テスト、味の濃度差識別テスト、食品の味の識別テスト、基準臭覚テストを実施し、その各々のテストで適合と判定された20〜40代の男性4名、女性6名をパネルとして選抜した。
<Evaluation>
Examples 1-8, Comparative Examples 1-7
The fired Danish was allowed to cool at room temperature for 2 hours, and then stored at 20 ° C. for 1 day, and the sensory evaluation by the panel was evaluated according to the following criteria. In addition, for the panels that were evaluated, the five taste (sweet, acid, salt, bitter, umami) identification tests, taste concentration difference identification tests, food taste identification tests, and standard odor tests were conducted. 4 males and 6 females in their 20s to 40s who were judged to be suitable were selected as panels.
[ひき]
喫食したときにひき(もろく細かく砕けず、パン様の繋がりが残存する食感)を感じるか否かにより、以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
◎ :10名中8名以上がひきがないと評価した。
○ :10名中7〜5名がひきがないと評価した。
△ :10名中4〜3名がひきがないと評価した。
× :10名中2名以下がひきがないと評価した。
[Hiki]
Evaluation was made according to the following criteria, depending on whether or not a meal (a texture in which bread-like connections remain without being crushed finely) when eating.
Evaluation Criteria A : Eight or more of 10 people evaluated that there was no pull.
A: 7 to 5 out of 10 people evaluated that there was no pull.
Δ: 4 to 3 out of 10 people evaluated that there was no pull.
X: Two or less of 10 people evaluated that there was no pull.
[ジューシー感]
喫食したときに油脂がじゅわっとあふれでることを感じた場合を良好とし、以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
◎:10名中8名以上が良好であると評価した。
○:10名中7〜5名が良好であると評価した。
△:10名中4〜3名が良好であると評価した。
×:10名中2名以下が良好であると評価した。
[Juicy feeling]
The case where it was felt that the fats and oils overflowed slowly when eating was evaluated as good, and evaluated according to the following criteria.
Evaluation criteria A : Eight or more out of 10 people evaluated that it was good.
A: 7 to 5 out of 10 people were evaluated as good.
(Triangle | delta): 4-3 persons evaluated that 10 persons were favorable.
X: Two or less of the ten people evaluated that it was good.
[のど越し]
喫食したときに塊とならず、すっとのどを通ると感じた場合を良好とし、以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
◎:10名中8名以上が良好であると評価した。
○:10名中7〜5名が良好であると評価した。
△:10名中4〜3名が良好であると評価した。
×:10名中2名以下が良好であると評価した。
[Over the throat]
The case where it felt that it did not become a lump but passed through the throat when eating was considered good, and was evaluated according to the following criteria.
Evaluation criteria A : Eight or more out of 10 people evaluated that it was good.
A: 7 to 5 out of 10 people were evaluated as good.
(Triangle | delta): 4-3 persons evaluated that 10 persons were favorable.
X: Two or less of the ten people evaluated that it was good.
実施例9〜24
前述のデニッシュ配合と同配合で、表3および表4に示す配合で作製した層状食品用油脂組成物と練り込み用油脂組成物を用い、デニッシュを焼成した。
Examples 9-24
The Danish was baked using the oil composition for layered foods and the oil composition for kneading prepared in the same composition as the above-mentioned Danish composition and shown in Tables 3 and 4.
上記焼成したデニッシュを、2時間室温で放冷した後、ポリプロピレン製袋に袋詰めして、20℃で1日保管したものを実施例1〜8、比較例1〜7と同じ評価基準にて評価した。 The baked Danish was allowed to cool at room temperature for 2 hours, then packed in a polypropylene bag and stored at 20 ° C. for 1 day, using the same evaluation criteria as in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-7. evaluated.
なお、袋詰めされた状態で保管すると焼成品は密閉状態に置かれるため、焼成後に残存する自らの水分により生地が加湿し「ひき」「ジューシー感」「のど越し」は失われやすく、実施例1〜8、比較例1〜7より厳しい条件である。 In addition, since the baked product is kept in a sealed state when stored in a bag, the dough is moistened by its own moisture remaining after baking, and `` Hiki '', `` Juicy '', `` Over the throat '' are easily lost, Example 1 to 8, and conditions more severe than those of Comparative Examples 1 to 7.
実施例25〜31
前述のデニッシュ配当と同配合で、表5に示す配合で作製した層状食品用油脂組成物と練り込み用油脂組成物を用い、デニッシュを焼成した。
Examples 25-31
The Danish was baked using the oil composition for layered foods and the fat composition for kneading prepared in the same composition as the above-mentioned Danish dividend and the composition shown in Table 5.
上記焼成したデニッシュを、2時間室温で放冷した後、ポリプロピレン製袋に袋詰めして、15℃で1日保管したものを実施例1〜8、比較例1〜7と同じ評価基準にて評価した。 The baked Danish was allowed to cool at room temperature for 2 hours, then packed in a polypropylene bag and stored at 15 ° C. for one day, using the same evaluation criteria as in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-7. evaluated.
なお、袋詰めされた状態で実施例9〜24より低温(15℃)保管することで、実施例9〜24より「ひき」「ジューシー感」「のど越し」は失われやすく、実施例9〜24より厳しい条件である。 In addition, by storing at a lower temperature (15 ° C.) than in Examples 9 to 24 in a packaged state, “hiki”, “juiciness” and “over the throat” are more likely to be lost than in Examples 9 to 24. The condition is more severe than 24.
上記の評価結果を表1〜表5に示す。 The above evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 to 5.
Claims (12)
前記層状食品用油脂組成物に含まれる全ての前記ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルのうち、グリセリンの重合度が4〜6のいずれかであるポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステルの質量が最も多い、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の層状食品用油脂組成物。 Further containing a polyglycerin condensed ricinoleate,
The polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester whose degree of polymerization of glycerin is any of 4 to 6 among all the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid esters contained in the layered food oil composition is the largest in mass. To 5. The fat and oil composition for layered food according to any one of 5 to 5.
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