JP2017011860A - Generator system and wind turbine generator system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a generator system and a wind turbine generator system having improved reliability.SOLUTION: The generator system includes: a stator; a rotor disposed to face the stator; a first structure 18 and a first antenna 16 disposed on the first structure 18; a second structure 19 which is disposed opposite to the first structure 18 and rotates with the rotor; and a second antenna 17 which is disposed on the second structure 19 and communicates with the first antenna 16. The first antenna 16 and the second antenna 17 are disposed at each part 21 in which the first structure 18 faces the second structure 19. The facing part 21 communicates with an opening 22 of which an end part is open, and the facing part 21 and the opening 22 extends to different directions.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a generator system or a wind power generation system, and more particularly to a generator system or a wind power generation system provided with a power converter inside the generator.

  In recent years, a power generation system using natural energy such as wind power generation or solar power generation has been attracting attention in order to prevent global warming. Among these, in a wind power generation system using wind power, there are many examples in which an AC excitation generator is used as a power generation device.

  When an AC excitation generator is used as a power generation device of a wind power generation system, it is necessary to supply excitation power to a rotor winding in a rotating rotor during operation. Usually, in order to supply electric power to the rotor winding, a slip ring and a brush are provided, and the brush is brought into contact with the rotating slip ring to energize.

  However, the energy required for power generation operation in a wind power generation system is large, and if a slip ring and a brush are provided for exciting power supply when performing a power generation operation, the wear of the brush advances, so that periodic maintenance is required. Necessary.

  However, in the wind power generation system, the AC excitation generator is installed in the nacelle on the tower of the windmill, and it is necessary to perform regular maintenance in a limited space in the nacelle. There was a need to reduce maintenance.

As a brushless AC excitation generator, for example, there is a technique described in Patent Document 1. In Patent Document 1, a stator having a stator winding, a rotor having a rotor winding, a rotor arranged with a gap on the inner diameter side of the stator, and a second stator winding And a second rotor having a second rotor winding and a second rotor arranged with a gap on the inner diameter side of the second stator. And a power converter electrically connected to the rotor winding and the second rotor winding, and the power converter is arranged to rotate when the rotor rotates. It is described. As a result, power can be supplied to the rotor of the first generator via the second generator, and brushless operation is possible.
In order to send a control signal to the rotating rotary converter, wireless communication is required. As wireless communication with a rotating body, for example, there are techniques described in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3. Patent Document 2 discloses a rotating electrical machine having a rotor, a stator that interacts with the rotor and rotates the rotor, and a control device that controls the rotation of the rotor. An RF-IC chip installed on the surface or inside of the rotor, a sensor element connected to or integrated with the RF-IC chip, and a position facing the RF-IC chip. It has a signal reading transmitter that supplies power to the IC chip and the sensor element and performs transmission and reception of information in a non-contact manner, and the control device can control the rotating electrical machine based on information obtained from the reading transmitter. A rotating electrical machine is described.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a rotor, a stator, a rotor and a stator, and a casing that supports the stator so that the rotor is rotatably held in the stator. A rotary electric machine is described that includes a sensor that detects a physical quantity of an electric machine and an antenna that transmits the physical quantity. Thereby, the physical quantity can be acquired by the communication control unit.

JP 2013-110801 A JP 2010-88164 A WO2014-125725

  In the generator described in Patent Document 1, in order to control in accordance with the operation conditions, the power converter needs to receive command information from the outside or transmit information on the operation status. Therefore, since the power converter is rotating, wireless communication for information transmission as described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 is effective. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an antenna in the generator housing. The wireless communication that propagates the control signal of the power converter is desired to communicate with a uniform radio wave intensity even while the generator is rotating.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide a generator system with improved reliability and a wind power generation system with improved reliability. .

The present invention for solving the above-described problems is a generator system according to the present invention, in which a stator, a rotor arranged to face the stator, a first structure, and a first structure are provided. A first antenna provided on the object, a second structure disposed opposite to the first structure and rotating together with the rotor, and a second antenna provided on the second structure. The second antenna that communicates with the first antenna, the first antenna, and the second antenna are disposed at a portion where the first structure and the second structure are opposed to each other, and the opposite portion is disposed. Is characterized in that the end portion communicates with the opening portion that opens, and the facing portion and the opening portion extend in different directions.
In addition, a wind power generation system according to the present invention includes a rotor that rotates by receiving wind, and the generator system that performs a power generation operation in accordance with the rotation of the rotor.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to provide the generator system which improved reliability. It is also possible to provide a wind power generation system with improved reliability.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view relating to Example 1 of a generator system of the present invention and showing an outline of a generator system. It is an enlarged view of an antenna part regarding Example 1 of this invention. It is an enlarged view of an antenna part regarding Example 2 of this invention. It is an enlarged view of an antenna part regarding Example 3 of this invention. It is an enlarged view of an antenna part regarding Example 3 of this invention. It is an enlarged view of an antenna part regarding Example 4 of this invention. It is an enlarged view of an antenna part regarding Example 4 of this invention. It is an enlarged view of an antenna part regarding Example 4 of this invention. (Example 5) which is a schematic block diagram which shows the wind power generation system which employ | adopted the generator system of this invention.

  The generator system and wind power generation system of the present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiments. In the following, each embodiment will be described with respect to the contents of storing the power converter in the rotor of the generator. In addition, in each Example, it demonstrates using the same code | symbol for the same component. The following are only examples, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention to the following specific embodiments.

  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the generator system of the present invention. Note that the main generator and the auxiliary generator described below exemplify a radial gap type generator in which the gap between the stator and the rotor is formed in the radial direction as an example. The power converter is described by taking a voltage-type power converter as an example.

  As shown in the figure, the generator system 1 of the present embodiment includes a main generator 2 that is a first generator that functions as a generator for sending generated power to an electric power system, an exciter and a generator depending on operating conditions. The auxiliary generator 3 that is the second generator that performs the two functions of (1) and the main generator 2 and the power converter 4 that is electrically connected to the auxiliary generator 3 are provided.

  The main generator 2 includes a main generator stator 5, a main generator rotor 6 disposed opposite to the inner diameter side of the main generator stator 5 with a predetermined gap, and a main generator stator. 5 in a slot provided in the main generator rotor 6 and a three-phase main generator stator winding 7 wound in two layers with, for example, short-pitch winding. For example, it is composed of a three-phase main generator rotor winding 8 wound in two layers in a full volume winding. The three-phase main generator stator winding 7 and the three-phase main generator rotor winding 8 are electrically arranged at 120 ° intervals.

  Similarly, the auxiliary generator 3 also includes an auxiliary generator stator 9, an auxiliary generator rotor 10 that is disposed opposite to the inner diameter side of the auxiliary generator stator 9 with a predetermined gap, and an auxiliary generator 3. In a slot provided in the generator stator 9, for example, a three-phase auxiliary generator stator winding 11 wound in two layers with a short-pitch winding, and an auxiliary generator rotor 10 are provided. For example, a three-phase auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 wound in two layers in a full-pitch winding is formed in a slot. The three-phase auxiliary generator stator winding 11 and the three-phase auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 are electrically arranged at 120 ° intervals.

  The power converter 4 is electrically connected to the main generator rotor winding 8 and the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12.

  The main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 described above have different operation modes. Specifically, although the main generator 2 always performs a power generation operation, the auxiliary generator 3 may operate as an exciter or a generator depending on the rotational speed. The main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 are alternating current excitation generators that generate electricity by supplying excitation power to the rotor windings (via the power converter 4).

  On the other hand, the power converter 4 includes a power converter that is electrically connected to the main generator 2 and a power converter that is electrically connected to the auxiliary generator 3. The power converter electrically connected to the main generator 2 and the power converter electrically connected to the auxiliary generator 3 are electrically connected by direct current. Thus, each power converter only needs to convert AC and DC.

  The main generator 2, the auxiliary generator 3, and the power converter 4 described above are mechanically connected to the rotating shaft 13.

  The power converter 4 in FIG. 1 is disposed on the inner diameter of the main generator 2. This is because, generally, the main generator has a larger torque, so the physique is larger and a large space for incorporating the power converter 4 can be secured. However, it may be arranged on the inner diameter of the auxiliary generator 3, or may be divided into an inner diameter of the main generator 2 and an inner diameter of the auxiliary generator 3.

  Moreover, the cooling wind 14 for cooling the main generator 2, the auxiliary generator 3, and the power converter 4 is input from the auxiliary generator 3 side, and after passing through the power converter 4, from the main generator 2 side. It is preferable to discharge. This is because loss is generally greater on the main generator side than on auxiliary power generation, so that cooling air with a relatively low temperature can be applied to the power converter with the most severe cooling conditions.

  Here, in order to control according to the driving conditions, the power converter 4 needs to receive command information from the outside or transmit information on the driving situation. Therefore, since the power converter 4 is rotating, wireless communication is effective for information transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an antenna in the generator housing 15.

  FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the antenna portion. The fixed-side antenna 16 and the rotation-side antenna 17 are surfaces (facing portions) of the space 20 formed by the fixed-side structure 18 and the rotation-side structure 19 that face the fixed-side structure 18 and the rotation-side structure 19. 21). The power converter 4 is controlled using a signal communicated from the first antenna 16 to the second antenna 17. Further, in the present embodiment, the facing portion 21 is disposed substantially perpendicular to the rotating shaft 13 of the rotor 8. Further, the facing portion is connected to a surface (opening portion 22) having at least one end opened, and the facing portion 21 and the opening portion 22 extend in different directions. The facing portion 21 communicates with the opening 22. If attention is paid to the antenna, it can be said that the portion where the first antenna 16 and the second antenna 17 face each other and the opening where the end is open communicate with each other. As a different direction here, it is desirable that the angle formed by the facing portion 21 and the opening portion 22 is 90 degrees or less. As a result, radio wave propagation similar to that of the waveguide is performed in the facing portion 21, so that communication can be performed with uniform radio wave intensity even during rotation. Compared with the case where there is no object 19, the reliability of communication is improved. In addition, since the opening 22 can reduce leakage of communication radio waves from the space, communication reliability is improved. Here, from the viewpoint of preventing leakage of radio waves, it is preferable to set the gap of the opening (the opening length at the opening end) to ¼ wavelength or less. By setting the gap to 1/4 wavelength or less, there is virtually no gap when viewed from radio waves. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent radio waves from leaking from the communication space. Further, the first structure 18 and the second structure 19 are preferably metals, and particularly magnetic materials such as iron and cobalt are preferable. When the structure is a magnetic material, it is possible to prevent unnecessary radio wave interference from outside the facing portion.

  In the present embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the terms “opposing portion” and “opening portion” are introduced. However, the two portions are not necessarily formed from different members, and may be formed as an integral member. . Of course, it is also possible to form both of them from different members and separate them for each function.

  In addition, a control signal or the like propagated by wireless communication is propagated to the power converter by a signal cable passing through the inside of the rotating shaft.

  In the first embodiment, the communication surfaces of the fixed antenna 16 and the rotation antenna 17 are substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the communication surfaces of the fixed antenna 16 and the rotation antenna 17 are the rotation axes. You may provide the stationary-side structure 23 and the rotation side structure 24 so that it may become substantially parallel. That is, the opposing portions 21 of the two antennas are arranged substantially in parallel with the rotating shaft 13 of the rotor. Thereby, since the rotation side antenna 17 is arrange | positioned more by the rotor inner diameter compared with Example 1, since the centrifugal force added to the rotation side antenna 17 can be reduced, and also the rotation side antenna 17 and the rotating shaft 13 become close, It becomes easy to connect with the signal cable inside the rotating shaft, and wiring can be simplified. Even in the case of the facing portion 21 of the first embodiment, the centrifugal force can be reduced if it is close to the rotating shaft 13, but the arrangement in a form in which the centrifugal force is reduced can be easily achieved by arranging them substantially in parallel.

  4 and 5 show a third embodiment of the generator system.

  As shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable that the length L of the portion where the antenna of the facing portion 21 is disposed is equal to or less than ½ of the wavelength λ used for communication. As a result, the position where the signal strength of the communication signal reaches its peak is the center of the communication space, and if the antenna is arranged in accordance with this position, the communication reliability is improved, so that the antenna arrangement can be easily studied. Here, there is no upper limit value for the height, but as the height increases, the distribution of the radio wave intensity becomes more complicated, making it difficult to arrange and design the antenna. Therefore, the height of the communication space is preferably λ / 2 or less. If it is larger than this, it is better to make it as small as possible.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 5, when L is larger than ½ of λ, the position where the signal intensity peaks is shifted from the center of the communication space, so the antenna is arranged at the position where the signal intensity peaks. It is preferable to do. Specifically, it is preferable that the antenna includes a position where the signal intensity reaches a peak.

  6 to 8 show a fourth embodiment of the generator system. In the present embodiment, at least one of the rotating side structure 25 and the stationary side structure 26 includes an inclined surface that guides the cooling air.

  As shown in FIG. 6, you may use the rotation side structure 25 which has an inclination part in the direction away from an opening end. Thereby, a structure becomes a guide of cooling air and cooling efficiency improves.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 7, the fixed-side structure 26 having an inclined portion away from the opening end, or the rotating-side structure 25 having the inclined portion away from the opening end and the opening end as shown in FIG. The same effect can be obtained by using both of the rotating side structures 26 having inclined portions in the direction away from the direction.

  In the fourth embodiment, the inclined portion and the structure are described as being integrated, but another member may be provided.

  FIG. 9 shows a fifth embodiment in which the generator system of the present invention is applied to a wind power generation system.

  As shown in the figure, the wind power generation system of the present embodiment includes a rotor 27 that rotates by receiving wind, a generator system 29 of the present invention connected to the rotor 27 via a speed increaser 28, and the power generation system. And a tower 31 that supports the nacelle. The main generator 32 and the auxiliary generator 33 are rotated by the rotational force of the rotor 27, and the main generator stator winding. The auxiliary generator stator windings are connected to the power system 34 side. That is, the wind power generation system includes the rotor 27 that rotates by receiving wind and the generator system 29 described above that performs a power generation operation in accordance with the rotation of the rotor 27.

  Thereby, the generator system 29 converts the wind energy received by the rotor 27 into electrical energy, and can be transmitted to the power system 34.

  According to the present embodiment, since the above-described generator system is employed, the communication reliability is high, the generator trip due to an error in the control signal is reduced, and the generator operating rate is improved. To do.

  A protection device 36 may be provided in parallel with the power converter 35. Thereby, the power converter 35 can be protected from excessive electric power applied at the time of a system failure. Further, the present invention may be applied to a gearless system in which the speed increaser 28 is lost.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Generator system, 2 ... Main generator, 3 ... Auxiliary generator, 4 ... Power converter, 5 ... Main generator stator, 6 ... Main generator rotor, 7 ... Main generator stator winding, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 8 ... Main generator rotor winding, 9 ... Auxiliary generator stator, 10 ... Auxiliary generator rotor, 11 ... Auxiliary generator stator winding, 12 ... Auxiliary generator rotor winding, 13 ... Rotating shaft , 14 ... Cooling air, 15 ... Generator housing, 16 ... Fixed antenna, 17 ... Rotating antenna, 18, 23 ... Fixed structure, 19, 24 ... Rotating structure, 20, 21, 22 ... For communication Space, 25... Rotation side structure partially inclined with respect to the rotation axis, 26... Fixed side structure partially inclined with respect to the rotation axis, 27... Rotor, 28. System 30 ... Nacell 31 ... Tower 32 ... Main generator 33 ... Auxiliary generator 34 ... Power system 35 ... Power conversion . 36 ... Protective device.

Claims (13)

A stator,
A rotor disposed opposite to the stator;
A first structure;
A first antenna provided in the first structure;
A second structure disposed opposite the first structure and rotating together with the rotor;
A second antenna provided in the second structure and communicating with the first antenna;
The first antenna and the second antenna are disposed at portions where the first structure and the second structure are opposed to each other,
The facing part is in communication with an opening having an open end,
The generator system, wherein the facing portion and the opening extend in different directions. The generator system according to claim 1,
The generator system, wherein the first structure and the second structure are metal. The generator system according to claim 1,
The generator system, wherein the opening is formed between the first structure and the second structure. The generator system according to claim 1 or 3,
The generator system, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged to face each other substantially in parallel with a rotation axis of the rotor. The generator system according to claim 1 or 3,
The generator system, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are disposed substantially perpendicularly to the rotation axis of the rotor. It is a generator system of Claim 5, Comprising: The direction length parallel to the opposing surface of the said 1st antenna and 2nd antenna of the said opposing part is a said 1st antenna and a said 2nd antenna. A generator system characterized by being less than or equal to half of the wavelength used for communication. It is a generator system of Claim 1 or 6, Comprising: The generator length characterized by the opening length in the opening end of the said opening part being 1/4 or less of a wavelength. The power generation system according to claim 1 or 7,
The generator system according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna among the opposing portions are arranged at a position where the signal intensity reaches a peak. The generator system according to claim 1 or 8,
A generator system comprising a structure having an inclined surface for guiding cooling air. The generator system according to claim 1 or 9,
The rotor has a rotor winding and includes a power converter electrically connected to the rotor winding;
The power converter is controlled using a signal communicated from the first antenna to the second antenna. The generator system according to claim 10, wherein
The stator is a first stator, the first stator has a first stator winding, the rotor is a first rotor, and the first rotor is a first stator. With rotor windings,
A second stator different from the first stator;
A second rotor disposed opposite to the second stator;
The second stator has a second stator winding, and the second rotor has a second rotor winding;
The generator system is characterized in that the power converter is electrically connected to the first rotor winding and the second rotor winding. A stator,
A rotor disposed opposite to the stator;
A first antenna;
A second antenna that rotates with the rotor and communicates with the first antenna;
The first antenna and the second antenna communicate with a portion facing each other, and an opening is provided at an end.
The generator system, wherein the facing portion and the opening extend in different directions. A rotor that rotates in response to the wind;
A wind power generation system comprising: the generator system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation operation is performed in accordance with rotation of the rotor.

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