JP2016537410A - 組成物およびスクリーニング方法 - Google Patents
組成物およびスクリーニング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016537410A JP2016537410A JP2016551080A JP2016551080A JP2016537410A JP 2016537410 A JP2016537410 A JP 2016537410A JP 2016551080 A JP2016551080 A JP 2016551080A JP 2016551080 A JP2016551080 A JP 2016551080A JP 2016537410 A JP2016537410 A JP 2016537410A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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- A23V2400/143—Fermentum
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Abstract
Description
(a)プロバイオティクス細菌株のパネルをアセンブルするステップと、
(b)オリゴ糖活性を有することが見出された株を選択するステップと、
(c)選択されたプロバイオティクス株が、逆酵素反応によってオリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を生成するように誘導するステップと、
(d)オリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を単離するステップと
を含む、方法が提供される。
(e)単離されたオリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を使用して、選択されたプロバイオティクス細菌株の増殖および/または生存を評価するステップ
をさらに含むことができる。
(a)プロバイオティクス細菌株のパネルをアセンブルするステップと、
(b)オリゴ糖活性を有することが見出された株を選択するステップと、
(c)選択されたプロバイオティクス株が、逆酵素反応によってオリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を生成するように誘導するステップと、
(d)選択された株ごとに、オリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を単離するステップと、
(e)選択された各株および対応する単離されたオリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を、配合物として組み合わせるステップと、
(f)腸モデルにおける配合物ごとに選択されたプロバイオティクス細菌株の増殖および/または生存の改善を評価し、増殖および/または生存の改善を示す配合物を識別するステップと
を含む、方法が提供される。
ここで、本発明の実施形態を、以下の図面の詳細な説明を単なる例として用いて説明する。
1.様々なプロバイオティクスの乳酸桿菌を集め、GOSを産生するそれらの能力について試験し、β−ガラクトシダーゼ活性を測定すること、
2.逆酵素手順を使用してプレバイオティクスGOSを産生すること、
3.新規な分子をスケールアップして、インビトロ試験を行うこと、
4.プロバイオティクスおよびシンバイオティクスを試験する一連の「腸モデル」実験において、プレバイオティクスが存在しない状態および存在する状態で、乳酸桿菌の生存および増殖を比較すること、
5.乳酸桿菌のための被包材料としてGOSを使用できる可能性を評価すること、ならびに
6.被包材料の送達特性を試験すること。
コレステロール%×乾燥重量(g)−1=(B−T/B×100)/W
式中、B=接種されなかった対照中のコレステロール含量(mg/l−1)、T=培養培地中のコレステロール(mg/l−1)およびW=細胞(12時間のインキュベーション後の乾燥重量(g))。
(a)健康上の必要性を識別するステップ、
(b)プロバイオティクス作用、例えばBSH活性、コレステロール同化および心疾患にとって非常に重要な交差(interjection)点を識別するステップ、
(c)ハイスループットスクリーニング方法を使用するプロバイオティクスライブラリーをスクリーニングするステップ、
(d)潜在的な活性および健康上の利益を有する株を識別するステップ、
(e)発酵過程を使用して活性の発現を最適化するステップ、
(f)ベータガラクトシダーゼ活性について株をスクリーニングするステップ、
(g)新規なGOSを産生するステップ、
(h)インビトロ試験を可能にするためにスケールアップするステップ、
(i)プレバイオティクスが存在しない状態および存在する状態で、インビトロプレートアッセイおよび腸モデルを使用して、プロバイオティクスの生存および増殖を比較するステップ(株が特徴付けられたら、集団変化を経時的に研究するための分子方法論を使用する。このことは、数の増大または活性の増大に起因して影響を受ける場合にわかる)、ならびに
(j)プレバイオティクスおよびプロバイオティクスを組み合わせて、組み合わされたプレバイオティクスおよびプロバイオティクスの効果を調査するステップ。
これらの実験では、嫌気性培養物を試験して、蛍光in situハイブリダイゼーションおよび短鎖脂肪酸(SCFA)を使用して24時間目の腸内細菌群の集団をモニタすることによって、新規なラクトバチルス・ロイテリ(Lactobacillus reuteri)のガラクトオリゴ糖のインビトロ利用を評価した。フラクトオリゴ糖(FOS)、メリビオースおよびラフィノースを、参照炭水化物として使用した。以下の表は、これらの実験結果を示している。
これらの実験では、10種類の乳酸桿菌種を、β−ガラクトシダーゼ活性について、標準酵素アッセイを使用してo−NPGを基質として用いて三連でスクリーニングした。実験は、MRS、基本培地中1%および5%ラクトースの3種類の異なる培地で実施した。ラクトースは、β−ガラクトシダーゼのための一次基質なので、最高活性を呈すると予測された。活性を0〜24時間の間の時点で測定し、最高活性は、24時間後に示された。図5〜6に示されている通り、一般に、5%ラクトースは、最高酵素活性を呈し、MRSブロス(炭素源としてグルコースだけを含有する)よりも高い傾向がある。高い酵素活性は、GOSを産生するために必須であり、全体的に高い活性を示す3種類の生物は、両方のL.ファーメンタム(fermentum)株およびL.カゼイ(casei)を含む。
これらの実験では、L.ファーメンタム(fermentum)ATCC11976およびL.ファーメンタム(fermentum)NCIMB30226を、それらのGOS、ラクトースおよび単糖の生成(および消費)に関して168時間かけて評価した。
この実験では、L.ファーメンタム(fermentum)ATCC11976のβ−ガラクトシダーゼからのGOSの合成を調査した。溶解した後、粗製抽出物を、20%ラクトース中、24時間かけてインキュベートし、試料を0時間目および24時間目に得た。
この実験では、GOSを、L.ファーメンタム(fermentum)ATCC11976およびL.ファーメンタム(fermentum)NCIMB30226から生成し、糖の酵素活性対GOS%を、先の実験中にほとんどの活性が生じたとき、そのままの状態で50時間にわたって評価した。
GOSを、以下のプロトコルを使用して生成した。
1.L.ファーメンタム(fermentum)ATCC11976およびL.ファーメンタム(fermentum)NCIMB30226のために、2%ラクトースを補充した改変MRSブロス中、終夜の培養物50mlをセットアップする。
2.2%ラクトースを含有するmMRSブロス1Lに、終夜の培養物50mlを懸濁させる。
3.嫌気性キャビネット中で37℃においてインキュベートする。
4.L.ファーメンタム(fermentum)ATCC11976については14時間。
5.L.ファーメンタム(fermentum)NCIMB30226については8時間。
6.OD660を測定する。
7.培養物を10000g×10分で遠心分離処理する。
8.リン酸ナトリウム緩衝液中、40%ラクトースを作製する。400g/L。
9.上清を捨てる。
10.ペレットをリン酸ナトリウム緩衝液に再懸濁させる(50mM、pH6.8)。
11.falcon50mlにペレットをプールする。
12.液体窒素で3回凍結融解させる。
13.フレンチプレスする。30,000PSI、1回通過、5滴/分。
14.溶菌液を遠沈させる−15,000g×45分。
15.上清を新しいfalconに注ぐ。
16.βガル活性アッセイを実施して、酵素濃縮を行う。
17.遊離細胞抽出物を、40%ラクトース/リン酸ナトリウム緩衝液と共にインキュベートする。
18.200μlを50時間にわたって2時間ごとにサンプリングする。
19.試料を凍結させる。
20.0.2μmフィルタを介してすべての試料を滅菌濾過する。
21.HPLCで分析する。
図9〜12に示されている通り、ラクトース変換は30〜45%であり、GOS収率は10%であった。
L.ファーメンタム(fermentum)ATCC11976およびL.ファーメンタム(fermentum)NCIMB30226から生成されたGOSの酵素活性(したがって効率)を確認するために、さらなる実験を実施した。
図13〜16に示されている通り、ラクトース変換は40〜50%であり、GOS収率は15〜20%であった。
この実験では、この種に特異的なGOSが任意の増殖特異性を提供するかどうかを知るために、L.ファーメンタム(fermentum)ATCC11976から生成されたGOSを、様々な細菌の増殖培地の一部として使用した。
L.ファーメンタム(fermentum)ATCC11976を、2%ラクトースを補充した改変MRS中、培養物1Lにおいて14時間増殖させた。培養物を遠心沈殿させ、リン酸ナトリウム緩衝液に再懸濁させた。細胞を、液体窒素およびフレンチプレスを使用して溶解し、溶菌液をスピンして、遊離細胞抽出物を得た。遊離細胞抽出物を、40%ラクトースと共にインキュベートし、試料を50時間にわたって2時間ごとに得た。試料を、分析のためにすべての時点後にHPLCに搭載した。
初期に生成された不純GOSの1%を、mMRS hungate9mlに添加した。この混合物上で、以下の様々な生物の増殖を分析した。クロストリジウム・ディフィシレ(Clostridium difficile)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダム(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)、ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタム(Lactobacillus fermentum)ATCC11976、ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタム(Lactobacillus fermentum)、ラクトバチルス・ラムノサス(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ(Lactobacillus casei)およびラクトバチルス・デルブリュッキ(Lactobacillus delbrueccki)。実験を、列挙したものを用いて、0、3、6、8、16および24時間において3回の反復で三連で実施した。
図17および18に示されている通り、C.ディフィシレ(difficile)には増殖はほとんど見出されなかったが、最良の増殖が、L.ラムノサス(rhamnosus)に見出された。20%GOS混合物は、一般に、乳酸桿菌に対してより選択的であった。
Claims (23)
- 微生物によって生成されたオリゴ糖を含むプレバイオティクス組成物であって、前記オリゴ糖が、所定のプロバイオティクス細菌株に選択的であること、および前記所定のプロバイオティクス細菌株によって逆酵素反応により生成することができることを特徴とする、プレバイオティクス組成物。
- 前記酵素が、糖分解酵素を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記酵素が、β−ガラクトシダーゼ、α−ガラクトシダーゼ、α−およびβ−グルコシダーゼ、α−マンノシダーゼ、またはβ−キシロシダーゼから選択される、請求項1または2に記載の組成物。
- ガラクトオリゴ糖を含む、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記所定のプロバイオティクス細菌株が、乳酸桿菌株を含む、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記乳酸桿菌株が、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィルス(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、ラクトバチルス・ラムノサス(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)、ラクトバチルス・プランタルム(Lactobacillus plantarum)、ラクトバチルス・デルブリュッキ(Lactobacillus delbrueckii)亜種ブルガリクス(bulgaricus)、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ(Lactobacillus casei)、ラクトバチルス・サリバリウス(Lactobacillus salivarius)、ラクトバチルス・サリバリウス(Lactobacillus salivarius)亜種サリバリウス(salivarius)、ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタム(Lactobacillus fermentum)またはラクトバチルス・ヘルベティカス(Lactobacillus helveticus)から選択される株を含む、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 前記乳酸桿菌株が、ラクトバチルス・ファーメンタム(Lactobacillus fermentum)株を含む、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記オリゴ糖が、GOSを含み、前記GOSが、前記プロバイオティクス細菌株における逆β−ガラクトシダーゼ反応によって生成された形態と実質的に同じである、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 被包されている、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 身体の胃腸管環境を通過し、その機能的特性を保持できるようにするための賦形剤または担体化合物をさらに含む、請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 飲むことのできる液体の形態であり、かつ/または固体もしくは液体食料品と混合することができる、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 薬品として使用するための、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 栄養補助食品として使用するための、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- コレステロールの管理または高コレステロールの処置に使用するための、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- メタボリック症候群の管理または処置に使用するための、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 体重管理に使用するための、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 糖尿病の管理または処置に使用するための、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- プレバイオティクスとして使用するのに適した組成物をスクリーニングする方法であって、
(a)プロバイオティクス細菌株のパネルをアセンブルするステップと、
(b)オリゴ糖活性を有することが見出された株を選択するステップと、
(c)前記選択されたプロバイオティクス株が、逆酵素反応によってオリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を生成するように誘導するステップと、
(d)前記オリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を単離するステップと
を含む、方法。 - (f)前記単離されたオリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を使用して、前記選択されたプロバイオティクス細菌株の増殖および/または生存を評価するステップ
をさらに含む、請求項18に記載の方法。 - 前記オリゴ糖が、GOSを含む、請求項18および19に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から17のいずれか一項に記載のプレバイオティクス組成物の生成に使用するための、請求項18または19のいずれかに記載の方法。
- シンバイオティクス配合物をスクリーニングする方法であって、
(a)プロバイオティクス細菌株のパネルをアセンブルするステップと、
(b)オリゴ糖(oligosacharride)活性を有することが見出された株を選択するステップと、
(c)前記選択されたプロバイオティクス株が、逆酵素反応によってオリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を生成するように誘導するステップと、
(d)選択された株ごとに、前記オリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を単離するステップと、
(e)選択された各株および対応する単離されたオリゴ糖プレバイオティクス組成物を、配合物として組み合わせるステップと、
(f)腸モデルにおける配合物ごとに前記選択されたプロバイオティクス細菌株の増殖および/または生存の改善を評価し、増殖および/または生存の改善を示す配合物を識別するステップと
を含む、方法。 - 前記腸モデルが、所与の配合物を投与する前、および投与した後に、個体の腸内微生物細菌叢を調査するインビボ方法を含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
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CN105407728A (zh) | 2013-07-21 | 2016-03-16 | 霍勒拜欧姆公司 | 用于微生物组表征、监测和治疗的方法和系统 |
GB201319539D0 (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2013-12-18 | Optibiotix Health Ltd | Composition & methods of screening |
GB2551642B (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2020-09-23 | Pendulum Therapeutics Inc | Methods and compositions relating to microbial treatment and diagnosis of disorders |
US11173170B2 (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2021-11-16 | Optibiotix Limited | Prebiotic composition and its methods of production |
GB201509023D0 (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-07-08 | Optibiotix Ltd | Compositions and methods of production thereof |
GB201509021D0 (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-07-08 | Optibiotix Ltd | Methods of screening |
WO2018023003A1 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | Isothrive Llc | Optimized individualized prebiotic compositions |
WO2019046646A1 (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2019-03-07 | Whole Biome Inc. | METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MICROBIOMA ASSOCIATED DISORDERS |
EP4056052A1 (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-09-14 | Biogaia AB | Gos pre-conditioning l. reuteri and gos in final formulation |
EP4056053A1 (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-09-14 | Biogaia AB | Pre-conditioning of l. reuteri |
WO2024013211A1 (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2024-01-18 | Novozymes A/S | Method for providing relief from lactose induced abdominal discomfort |
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EP0856259B1 (en) | 1996-12-23 | 1998-08-12 | SITIA-YOMO S.p.A. | Composition for feed use comprising lyophilized live lactic bacteria |
GB0303716D0 (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2003-03-19 | Mars Uk Ltd | Food product and process |
CA2652517A1 (en) | 2006-06-13 | 2007-12-21 | Nestec S.A. | Prevention and treatment of otitis media with non-pathogenic bacterial strains |
US20080254011A1 (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-16 | Peter Rothschild | Use of selected lactic acid bacteria for reducing atherosclerosis |
AU2009319257B2 (en) | 2008-11-03 | 2014-10-09 | Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. | A nutritional composition comprising probiotics and improving sleep patterns |
EP2216036A1 (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2010-08-11 | Nestec S.A. | Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCC4007, a probiotic mixture and weight control |
EP3067056A1 (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2016-09-14 | UAS Laboratories LLC | Bacterial compositions for prophylaxis and treatment of degenerative disease |
US20110117629A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2011-05-19 | Family Medicine Interantional Co., Ltd. | Lactobacillus plantarum bb9 capable of adhering to gastrointestinal tract and cholesterol removal |
EP2525811B2 (en) | 2010-01-19 | 2019-02-27 | Abbott Laboratories | A composition comprising lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001 and prebiotics for use in the treatment of allergic lung disease |
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GB201319539D0 (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2013-12-18 | Optibiotix Health Ltd | Composition & methods of screening |
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AU2014345344B2 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
CA3028210A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
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JP2019206528A (ja) | 2019-12-05 |
US9913857B2 (en) | 2018-03-13 |
AU2014345344A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
CA2929815C (en) | 2019-02-05 |
JP6890972B2 (ja) | 2021-06-18 |
WO2015067949A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
US10493093B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 |
EP3892116A1 (en) | 2021-10-13 |
AU2018208701B2 (en) | 2020-05-14 |
EP3065572A1 (en) | 2016-09-14 |
CA2929815A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
CA3028210C (en) | 2021-11-30 |
GB201319539D0 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
US20180177817A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
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