JP2016224779A - Fire detection line - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide low-cost fire detection means that can replace high-cost means for detecting a fire of a solar panel, such as an infrared camera or a detection sheet used attached on the entire solar panel.SOLUTION: A fire of a solar panel, for example, is detected using a fire detection line which includes: a core wire; an internal conductor spirally wound around the outside of the core wire; a fusible coating on the internal conductor, which melts by heat of a fire; an outer conductor spirally wound around the outside of the coating; and a heat-resisting sheath outside the outer conductor.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire detection line capable of detecting a fire such as a solar panel.

In a general residential solar power generation system, a solar panel composed of solar cell modules connected in series and parallel is installed on the roof of a house (in this application, a solar cell array is referred to as a “solar panel”). Has been. And the output from a solar panel is connected to the power conditioner via the relay terminal box, and is comprised so that electric power can be obtained by alternating current (for example, refer patent document 1).
While such a solar power generation system is widespread, a fire caused by the solar power generation system has become a problem. Since the solar panel always generates power when it is irradiated with light, if a failure occurs in the solar panel, it may generate heat and cause a fire.

  In order to detect the fire of the solar panel, for example, an infrared camera can be used, but a fire detection device using a heat detection sheet has been proposed as a device for monitoring at a lower cost (Patent Literature). 2). In this fire detection device, a heat detection sheet in which a set of electric wires provided with a coating that melts at a predetermined low melting point is drawn over the entire surface is attached to one surface of a solar panel. In this fire detection device, when the coating melts due to the heat generated by the solar panel, one set of electric wires is short-circuited, so that a fire or the like is detected by monitoring the voltage between the electric wires.

JP 2013-110290 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-014918

  With the fire detection device of Patent Document 2, heat can be detected at any location on the solar panel surface. However, in order to affix the heat detection sheet on the entire surface of the solar panel, a heat detection sheet having almost the same size as the solar panel must be used. For this reason, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large and expensive, and the facility on the roof becomes heavy.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a fire detection line capable of detecting a fire such as a solar panel using an inexpensive and simple configuration. To do.

  (1) The present invention relates to a melt coating comprising a core wire, an inner conductor spirally wound around the outer periphery of the core wire, and a fusible insulator that is provided outside the inner conductor and is melted by the heat of a fire. And a fire detection wire comprising an outer conductive wire spirally wound around the outer periphery of the coating and a heat-resistant sheath provided outside the outer conductive wire.

  (2) Moreover, this invention is a detection line for fires of (1) whose winding direction of the said outside conducting wire is a direction opposite to the winding direction of the said inside conducting wire.

  (3) Moreover, this invention is a detection line for fire of (1) or (2) in which at least one of the said inner side conducting wire and the said outer side conducting wire consists of several conducting wires.

  (4) Moreover, this invention is a detection line for fires in any one of (1) thru | or (3) whose said heat resistant sheath is a color with high heat absorption.

  (5) Moreover, this invention is a detection wire for fires in any one of (1) thru | or (4) in which the said core wire consists of heat resistant resin.

According to the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, the molten coating is melted by the heat of the fire, and the inner conductor wire is provided by being spirally wound around the core wire, and is provided by being spirally wound around the outer periphery of the melt coating. Because the outer conductor is short-circuited, a fire can be detected. In use, it is not necessary to stick to the entire monitoring object, and only a “line” called a fire detection line is drawn around a place where a fire can be caught. For example, in the case of a solar cell module installed at an inclination, it may be routed near the upper end of the solar cell module on the back side. For this reason, it is easy to implement, and the amount of materials used is small, so that the cost can be reduced. In addition, it is inexpensive because it has a simple structure compared to an infrared camera or the like.
Further, since the inner conductor is spirally wound around the core wire, a certain thickness can be obtained from the center. Therefore, it is easy to come into contact with the outer conductor when the melt coating is melted.

  According to the configuration described in claim 2 of the present invention, the winding direction of the outer conductive wire is opposite to the winding direction of the inner conductive wire, and thus is wound in a direction crossing each other. Therefore, the outer conductor does not enter the inner conductor and does not come into contact with the inner conductor, and when the molten coating is melted, the outer conductor is reliably short-circuited.

  According to the configuration described in claim 3 of the present invention, since at least one of the inner conductor and the outer conductor is formed by a plurality of conductors, even if the conductor is disconnected, the conductive state is maintained by other conductors. Therefore, it is possible to provide a fire detection line that is less likely to fail. This effect is significant when both the inner and outer conductors are formed of a plurality of conductors.

  According to the configuration described in claim 4 of the present invention, the heat-resistant sheath has a color with high heat absorption, and therefore can absorb far infrared rays and sense fire heat at an early stage.

  According to the configuration described in claim 5 of the present invention, since the core wire is made of a heat-resistant resin, it is difficult for the fire detection wire to be disconnected when a fire is detected, and a short circuit between the inner conductor and the outer conductor can be reliably detected.

The structure of the detection line for fire in Example 1. A fire detection line installed on a solar panel on the roof. The cross section of the solar cell module and the position of the fire detection line. An example of the state of the fire detection line when it receives the heat of a fire. An electrical circuit with the inner and outer conductors of a fire detection line. The structure of the detection line for fire in Example 2.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the fire detection line of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The present invention relates to a fire detection wire capable of detecting a fire by short-circuiting an inner conductor and an outer conductor due to melting of a molten coating by heat of fire. In the following description, a solar panel will be described as an example of a planar monitoring target. However, fires are similarly detected for other monitoring targets with an inexpensive and simple configuration. be able to.

  FIG. 1 shows the structure of a fire detection line in the first embodiment. The fire of the solar panel can be detected by this fire detection line. 1 is a fire detection wire, 2 is a core wire, 3 is an inner conductor, 4 is a melt coating, 5 is an outer conductor, and 6 is a heat-resistant sheath.

  The core wire 2 gives tensile strength to the fire detection wire 1, and the position of the inner conductor wire 3 is set to a certain degree of thickness (for example, about 1 mm in diameter) from the center. Therefore, the inner conductor 3 is likely to come into contact with the outer conductor 5 when the melt coating 4 is melted. The inner conducting wire 3 is provided by being spirally wound around the outer periphery of the core wire 2. Thereby, even if it is a thin conducting wire, a certain thick radius can be obtained from the center of the fire detection wire 1, and it is easy to contact the outer conducting wire 5 in the event of a fire. The melt coating 4 is provided so as to cover the outside of the inner conductor 3 in a cylindrical shape, and the outer conductor 5 is provided by spirally winding around the outer periphery of the melt coating 4. The melt coating 4 is formed of a fusible insulator and normally insulates the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5, but in the event of a fire, it melts by heat so that the outer conductor 5 contacts the inner conductor 3 and is electrically Causes a short circuit. The winding direction of the outer conductor 5 may be the same as the winding direction of the inner conductor 3, but the opposite direction is preferable because it can be surely short-circuited. The heat-resistant sheath 6 is provided so as to cover the outside of the outer conductor 5 in a cylindrical shape.

  If the core wire 2 is formed of a heat resistant resin, the fire detection wire 1 is not easily disconnected when a fire is detected. The melt coating 4 may be any insulating material that melts by the heat of a fire, and specifically, an insulating material that melts at 100 to 200 ° C. is preferable. The heat-resistant sheath 6 may be any material that has a higher melting point than the melt coating 4, and is preferably a material that does not melt or burn at 100 to 200 ° C. when the melt coating 4 melts and detects a fire.

  As the material of each member, for example, the core wire 2 is a flame retardant aramid fiber (para-aramid fiber, etc.), the inner conductor wire 3 and the outer conductor wire 5 are copper, the melt coating 4 is nylon 12, and the heat resistant sheath 6 is black poly Vinyl chloride can be used. Since the heat-resistant sheath 6 is black, it can absorb far-infrared rays and sense heat early in the case of a fire. The heat-resistant sheath 6 is preferably a black color or dark color, but is not limited thereto, and may be any color with high heat absorption (brown, green, etc.).

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the fire detection line 1 is installed on a solar panel on the roof. Fig.2 (a) is the figure seen from the side in the state which installed the solar panel on the roof, and FIG.2 (b) is the figure seen from the upper direction perpendicular | vertical to the surface of a solar panel. Reference numeral 10 denotes a solar panel, 11 denotes a solar cell module, 12 denotes a mounting base, and 13 denotes a roof. The solar panel 10 is formed by the plurality of solar cell modules 11 and the mounting base 12. In FIG. 2 (a), the upper right side of the figure is the direction of the ridge and the lower left side is the direction of the eaves. In FIG. 2 (b), the upper side of the figure is the direction of the ridge and the lower side is the direction of the eaves. At the time of construction, a process of providing the mounting base 12 on the roof 13 and attaching a plurality of solar cell modules 11 thereon is not limited thereto.

In FIG. 2B, the portion indicated by the dotted line of the fire detection line 1 represents that it is hidden from the front side because it is wired below the solar cell module 11. The fire detection line 1 is wired on the back side of the solar cell module 11 in the lateral direction (direction parallel to the eaves and the building) along the upper end side of the solar cell module 11 on the building side. The solar cell module 11 is provided in a plurality of stages from the eaves side of the roof to the ridge side to form a solar panel 10. In FIG.2 (b), the solar cell module 11 is installed in 3 steps | paragraphs in the building direction, and the fire detection line 1 is wired in S shape so that the upper end part of each solar cell module 11 may pass sequentially. .
In addition, the position where the fire detection line 1 is turned is not limited to the upper end (ridge) side of the solar cell module 11 but may be in the vicinity of the upper end. For example, if it is disposed along the lower end (eave) side of the solar cell module 11 (excluding the lowermost solar cell module 11 of the solar panel 10), the vicinity of the upper end portion of the solar cell module 11 on one eave side Can detect fire.

  FIG. 3 shows the cross section of the solar cell module 11 and the position of the fire detection line 1. FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view at a Y portion in FIG. 2B, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view at a X portion. 111 denotes an upper sealing resin, 112 denotes a solar battery plate on which a plurality of solar cells are arranged in parallel, 113 denotes a lower sealing resin, and 114 denotes a back sheet. A solar cell plate 112 is enclosed between an upper sealing resin 111 and a lower sealing resin 113 on a back sheet 114 that supports the entire structure. Reference numeral 115 denotes a U-shaped module frame, which is provided around the solar cell plate 112 to form a structurally strong solar cell module 11. As shown in FIG. 3A, the solar cell module 11 is installed with an inclination, and the fire detection line 1 is arranged on the ridge side on the back side of the module frame 115.

  When a failure occurs in the solar panel 10 due to aging or the like, the solar panel 10 itself generates heat due to electric power generated by the solar panel 10. Then, the heat generation causes the upper sealing resin 111, the lower sealing resin 113, and the back sheet 114 of the solar cell module 11 to ignite. The back side of the solar cell module 11 tends to accumulate heat. Furthermore, the fire on the back side of the solar cell module 11 moves obliquely upward (ridge side) along the inclined back sheet 114, so that the fire tends to spread on the back side of the solar panel 10. And the flame and heat which arose by the fire spread toward the ridge side along the back surface of the solar panel 10 installed diagonally. For example, in FIG. 2 (a), a fire spreads by a flame and heat moving to the ridge side between the solar panel 10 and the roof 13. FIG. As a result, the fire detection line 1 installed in the lateral direction on the back side of the solar panel 10 is heated.

  Because there is a gap between the solar panel 10 and the roof 13, a bird may make a nest, but the bird's nest is generally made of flammable twigs and so on. If this happens, the fire tends to become large. Also in this case, since the fire spreads through the position of the fire detection line 1 near the upper end on the ridge side of the solar cell module 11, the fire can be detected by the fire detection line 1.

  In the solar cell module 11, the combustion of the back sheet 114 is transmitted to the building side as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3A, and further spreads to the solar cell module 11 on the building side through the back side (back side) of the module frame 115. . Therefore, the fire detection line 1 is heated. Since the flame and heat move and spread upward as in the building side as described above, if the fire detection line 1 is installed at an appropriate location, a certain two-dimensional area (area along the back of the module frame 115) A fire can be detected at a one-dimensional “line” position.

  When the fire detection wire 1 is heated by a fire flame or heat, the heat passes through the heat-resistant sheath 6 and the melt coating 4 is melted. When the melt coating 4 is melted, the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5 come into contact with each other and are electrically short-circuited. Therefore, it is possible to detect a fire by detecting that the resistance value between the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5 is lowered by the fire detector 7 described later. Even if the inner conductor 3 or the outer conductor 5 is disconnected due to a fire after a short circuit, the fire detection device 7 can store the short circuit and maintain the fire detection state.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of the state of the fire detection line 1 when it receives the heat of fire. The outer diameter of the heat-resistant sheath 6 is reduced at the portion that has received heat, and the outer conductor 5 is in contact with the inner conductor 3 to cause an electrical short circuit inside. Further, the melted molten coating 4 partially expands the fire detection wire 1 to form a molten pool. It is considered that the melt pool is caused by the melted molten coating 4 moving in the length direction of the fire detection wire 1 due to the thermal contraction of the heat-resistant sheath 6 or the surface tension of the melted molten coating 4.

  FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing an electric circuit formed by the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5. FIG. 5A shows a normal state, and FIG. 5B shows a state when a fire is detected. Reference numeral 7 denotes a fire detection device, which is provided with connection terminals 3 a and 3 b for the inner conductor 3 and connection terminals 5 a and 5 b for the outer conductor 5. A fire detection line 1 having an inner conductor 3 and an outer conductor 5 is installed on the back side of the solar cell module 11.

In the normal state of FIG. 5 (a), the fire detection device 7 allows a weak current to flow intermittently or continuously between the connection terminals 3a and 3b, and detects if the inner conductor 3 is disconnected. It has become. The same applies to the connection terminals 5a and 5b and the outer conductor 5. Then, the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5 are short-circuited, that is, the resistance value between the connection terminals 3a and 3b and the connection terminals 5a and 5b is monitored intermittently or continuously.
Note that the method of detecting a short circuit is not limited to monitoring of a resistance value, and for example, a method of monitoring a voltage value or a method of monitoring a current value may be used.

  When a fire occurs and the melt coating 4 is melted, the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5 are short-circuited as shown in FIG. Therefore, the resistance value between the connection terminals 3a and 3b and the connection terminals 5a and 5b decreases, and the fire detection device 7 can detect a fire. Since the fire detection device 7 stores the detection state, the fire detection state can be maintained even if the fire detection line 1 is disconnected after the fire is detected.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the fire detection line 20 in the second embodiment. The core wire 2 gives tensile strength to the fire detection wire 20. The inner conductor 3 is composed of a plurality of conductors, and is provided on the outer side of the core 2 by being spirally wound. By providing the inner conducting wire 3 spirally around the outside of the core wire 2, a thick radius with a distance from the center of the fire detection wire 20 can be obtained even in the case of a thin conducting wire, and in the event of a fire It is easy to come into contact with the outer conductor 5. The melt coating 4 is provided so as to cover the outside of the inner conductor 3 in a cylindrical shape. The outer conductor 5 is also composed of a plurality of conductors, and is provided by being spirally wound around the outer surface of the melt coating 4. The melt coating 4 is formed of a soluble insulator and normally insulates the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5 from each other. The heat-resistant sheath 6 is provided so as to cover the outside of the outer conductor 5 in a cylindrical shape.

The inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5 are formed of a plurality of conductors to increase the strength and to conduct even if some of the conductors are disconnected. A fire can be detected. Only one of the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5 may be a plurality of conductors and the other may be a single conductor. However, the above effect is higher when both conductors are a plurality of conductors.
In the said Example 1, 2, the core wire 2 was formed with the heat resistant resin. However, once the short-circuit between the inner conductor 3 and the outer conductor 5 is detected by the fire detection device 7, the state can be memorized. If it is in the core wire 2, it functions as a fire detection wire.

  Moreover, although the solar panel 10 which installs the fire detection line 1 in Example 1 is installed on the roof 13, the solar panel 10 may be a tile-integrated type or a stationary type. Moreover, you may wire the detection line for fires of this invention not only on the roof of a house but the solar panel 10 installed in the roof of a factory etc. When the solar panel 10 is installed on the inclined roof 13, heat is easily trapped in the space between the roof 13 and the solar panel 10, and it is easy to spread the fire. Therefore, detection by the fire detection line of the present invention is particularly effective. . However, even if the solar panel 10 is not installed on the inclined roof 13, the solar panel 10 and the solar cell module 11 need only be provided inclined, and the fire spreads obliquely upward on the back side of these, The fire can be reliably detected by the fire detection line of the present invention. For example, even in the case of so-called mega solar in which the solar panels 10 are arranged on a vast land, the solar panel 10 is inclined and installed, so that the fire detection line of the present invention can be applied.

  Furthermore, not only a solar panel or a solar cell module, the fire detection line of the present invention can be wired to various places to detect a fire.

1,20 Fire detection wire, 2 core wire, 3 inner conductor, 3a, 3b connection terminal, 4 melt coating, 5 outer conductor, 5a, 5b connection terminal, 6 heat-resistant sheath, 7 fire detection device, 10 solar panel, 11 Solar cell module, 12 mounting base, 111 upper sealing resin, 112 solar cell plate, 113 lower sealing resin, 114 back sheet, 115 module frame

Claims (5)

Core wire,
An inner conductor wire spirally wound around the outer periphery of the core wire;
A melt coating made of a soluble insulator that is provided outside the inner conductor and melts by the heat of a fire;
An outer conductor provided by spirally winding around the outer periphery of the melt coating;
A heat-resistant sheath provided outside the outer conductor,
Fire detection line consisting of The winding direction of the outer conducting wire is opposite to the winding direction of the inner conducting wire.
The fire detection line according to claim 1. At least one of the inner conductor and the outer conductor is composed of a plurality of conductors.
The fire detection line according to claim 1 or 2. The heat-resistant sheath is a color with high heat absorption,
The fire detection line according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The core wire is made of a heat resistant resin.
The fire detection line according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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