JP2016223727A - Nozzle for mortar application, arm robot for mortar application, and mortar application method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nozzle for mortar application capable of applying mortar evenly on the surface of a shaped refractory used in a coke oven, without interfering with the shaped refractory and even when the surface of the shaped refractory is a surface having irregularities such as dowel.SOLUTION: A nozzle for mortar application has: a peripheral side surface comprising a pair of main surfaces opposite to each other, and a pair of side surfaces opposite to each other; a nozzle tip surface; and a slit for mortar discharge provided on the nozzle tip surface. For the nozzle for mortar application, the nozzle tip surface is inclined from one of the pair of side surfaces toward the other one, and at least a part of the nozzle tip surface is inclined from one of the pair of main surfaces toward the other one.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a mortar coating nozzle, and in particular, a mortar coating capable of uniformly coating mortar on the surface of a fixed refractory used in a coke oven without interference between the nozzle and the fixed refractory. It is related with the nozzle.
The present invention also relates to a mortar coating arm type robot provided with the mortar coating nozzle, and a mortar coating method performed using the mortar coating nozzle.

  Metallurgical coke used for iron making is produced by dry distillation of coal in a chamber furnace type coke oven. A chamber-type coke oven is configured by alternately arranging a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber that supplies heat to the carbonization chamber in the furnace width direction, such as a refractory brick that separates the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber. Heat is supplied from the combustion chamber to the carbonization chamber via a fixed refractory. Some furnace-type coke ovens have more than 100 furnace chambers, and can be said to be huge brick structures with a total length of 100 m or more and a height of 10 m or more.

  In addition, the regular refractory constituting the coke oven has a complicated shape such as a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, and an L-shape when viewed from the top, unlike a brick for a general building. Furthermore, unevenness for preventing misalignment called a dowel is provided on the side surface, top surface, and bottom surface of these standard refractories. The coke oven is constructed by combining fixed refractories having such extremely complicated shapes.

  Due to this complexity, the construction of coke ovens is currently being carried out by hand-building work by the furnace builder. In the construction by hand, it is necessary to apply the mortar to the specified joint thickness using a trowel at the position where the standard refractory is to be stacked, and then repeat the work of stacking the standard refractory on the mortar. . In that case, it is necessary to apply mortar uniformly to the surface of the fixed-shaped refractory with a complicated shape, but extremely advanced skills are required. However, there is always a shortage of skilled furnaces with such skills. ing. In addition, it is extremely hard work to build a furnace by manually applying mortar and stacking regular refractories. Therefore, there is a demand for reducing labor by mechanizing and automating the application of mortar and stacking of regular refractories.

  On the other hand, for the automation technology of mortar application, for example, technologies as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been proposed.

  Patent Document 1 proposes an apparatus for applying a fixed thickness of mortar to the outer peripheral surface of an upper nozzle when the upper nozzle is attached to a molten metal container used in a continuous casting process. The apparatus includes an application nozzle that sprays and applies mortar to an upper nozzle placed in a turntable shape.

  Patent Document 2 proposes an apparatus including a coating nozzle for applying mortar to the outer peripheral surface of the upper nozzle and a mortar guide for making the thickness of the applied mortar uniform.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-18489 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-047528

According to the methods proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, mortar can be automatically and uniformly applied to a relatively simple shape such as an upper nozzle for casting.
However, as described above, since the coke oven is constructed by combining fixed-shaped refractories having a complicated shape, in the conventional mortar coating apparatus described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the surface of the fixed-type refractory is applied. It is difficult to apply mortar uniformly.

  For example, FIG. 1 shows an example of the shape of a fixed refractory that is stacked in the construction of a coke oven. As described above, when a new standard refractory 14 is loaded in a state where the standard refractories 11, 12, and 13 are already stacked, the upper surfaces of the standard refractories 11, 12 and the side surfaces of the standard refractories 14 are placed. In addition, it is necessary to uniformly apply the mortar in advance. However, as described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to make the mortar thickness uniform at the corner portion where the upper surface and the side surface intersect with an apparatus for spraying and applying mortar.

  Further, in the apparatus described in Patent Document 2, since the nozzle and the mortar guide interfere with the fixed refractory at a portion (corner portion) where the upper surface of the fixed refractory 12 and the side surface of the fixed refractory 13 intersect, the application is performed. I can't do it.

  In addition, a concave portion 15 and a convex portion 16 as dowels are formed on the upper surface and side surfaces of the fixed refractory. However, in the devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the surfaces having such complex irregularities are uniform. It is difficult to apply mortar to the surface.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, without interfering with the fixed refractory used on the surface of the fixed refractory used in the coke oven, and even on a surface having irregularities such as dowels, It aims at providing the nozzle for mortar application which can apply mortar uniformly.
Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a mortar coating arm type robot provided with the mortar coating nozzle and a mortar coating method performed using the mortar coating nozzle.

That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
1. A nozzle for mortar application,
A peripheral side surface composed of a set of main surfaces facing each other and a set of side surfaces facing each other;
A nozzle tip surface,
It has a mortar discharge slit provided on the nozzle tip surface,
Mortar coating nozzle in which the nozzle tip surface is inclined from one side of the set of side surfaces to the other, and at least a part of the nozzle tip surface is inclined from one side of the set of main surfaces to the other side. .

2. An inclination angle α of the nozzle tip surface with respect to the side surface is 40 ° or more and 75 ° or less,
2. The mortar coating nozzle according to 1, wherein an inclination angle β of the nozzle tip surface with respect to the main surface is 20 ° or more and 50 ° or less.

3. Arm,
A dispenser attached to the tip of the arm;
A mortar coating arm type robot comprising: the mortar coating nozzle according to 1 or 2 attached to a tip of the dispenser.

4). 4. The arm robot for mortar application according to 3, further comprising nozzle rotating means for rotating the mortar application nozzle with respect to the dispenser.

5. 3. A mortar coating method performed using the mortar coating nozzle described in 1 or 2 above.

  According to the mortar coating nozzle of the present invention, the surface of the fixed refractory used in the coke oven does not interfere with the fixed refractory, and even on a surface having irregularities such as dowels, the mortar is uniformly applied. Can be applied. Furthermore, if a robot having the mortar application nozzle is used, the mortar application work in the construction of the coke oven can be automated.

It is the figure which showed an example of arrangement | positioning of the fixed refractory material piled up in the construction of a coke oven. It is a perspective view of the nozzle for mortar application in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a front schematic diagram of the nozzle for mortar application in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a side schematic diagram of the nozzle for mortar application in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic showing the usage example of the nozzle for mortar application in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic showing the usage example of the nozzle for mortar application in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a side schematic diagram of the nozzle for mortar application in a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a side schematic diagram of the nozzle for mortar application in a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic of the arm type robot for mortar application in one embodiment of the present invention.

  Next, a method for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described. The following description shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following description.

  The nozzle for mortar application according to the present invention includes a peripheral side surface including a pair of main surfaces facing each other and a pair of side surfaces facing each other, a nozzle tip surface, and a mortar discharge slit provided on the nozzle tip surface. have. The set of principal surfaces may be parallel to each other or may not be parallel, but is preferably parallel. Similarly, the set of side surfaces may or may not be parallel to each other, but is preferably parallel. In addition, an angle formed by the main surface and the side surface is not particularly limited, but is preferably orthogonal to each other.

  Here, the “main surface” refers to a surface parallel to the longitudinal direction of the mortar discharge slit among the surfaces constituting the peripheral side surface of the nozzle. The “side surface” refers to a surface other than the “main surface” among the surfaces constituting the peripheral side surface of the nozzle.

  In the mortar coating nozzle of the present invention, the nozzle tip surface is inclined from one side of the set of side surfaces to the other, and at least a part of the nozzle tip surface is from one side of the set of main surfaces to the other side. It is important to be inclined to As described above, since the nozzle tip surface is inclined in at least two directions, the surface of the standard refractory used in the coke oven does not interfere with the standard refractory, and the surface has irregularities such as dowels. Even if it exists, mortar can be apply | coated uniformly. The reason will be specifically described in the following description of the embodiment.

  Further, in the mortar coating nozzle of the present invention, the tip end surface of the nozzle is provided with an inclination, but it is not necessary to provide an inclination in a portion other than the tip surface. Therefore, only the nozzle tip can be thinned, and the other parts can be thickened. Accordingly, the nozzle can easily have a strength that can withstand the pressure for discharging the mortar. Moreover, since the flow path in a nozzle can be enlarged, it can suppress that the mortar discharged from the mortar discharge slit becomes non-uniform | heterogenous.

  Here, the “tip surface” refers to the entire surface of the nozzle located on the mortar discharge side. The distal end surface may be composed of a plurality of planes or a single plane. Further, “at least part of the nozzle front end surface is inclined from one side of the set of main surfaces to the other side” means that the nozzle front end surface is from one side of the set of main surfaces to the other side. Means at least a part of the main surface is inclined from a side close to the one main surface to a side close to the other main surface, and the part is both of the set of main surfaces. It is not necessary to be in direct contact.

  Furthermore, in the mortar coating nozzle of the present invention, the inclination angle α of the nozzle tip surface with respect to the side surface is 40 ° or more and 75 ° or less, and the inclination angle β of the nozzle tip surface with respect to the main surface is 20 ° or more and 50 ° or less. It is preferable that By setting the inclination angles α and β within the above range, when constructing a coke oven using a general fixed refractory, the interference between the fixed refractory and the nozzle can be prevented even better. Even on an uneven surface, mortar can be applied more uniformly.

Here, the inclination angle α is defined as an angle formed by the surface (b) and the surface (c) on the next surface (a).
(A) Of the set of main surfaces, the main surface extending to the nozzle tip side,
(B) Of the set of side surfaces, the side surface extending further to the nozzle tip side,
(C) Tip surface.
In addition, the inclination angle β is defined as an angle formed by the surface (e) and the surface (f) on the next surface (d).
(D) Of the set of side surfaces, the side surface extending further to the nozzle tip side,
(E) Of the set of main surfaces, a main surface extending further to the nozzle tip side,
(F) A surface that is inclined from one of the pair of main surfaces to the other of the front end surfaces.

  In the present invention, the dimensions of each part of the nozzle are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the shape and dimensions of the regular refractory used. For example, the long side of the mortar discharge slit provided on the nozzle tip surface The length in the direction is preferably 50 to 130 mm, and the length in the short side direction of the mortar discharge slit is preferably 4 to 11 mm.

  In the present invention, the material of the mortar coating nozzle is not particularly limited, and may be any material. Moreover, the nozzle for mortar application can be formed of a single material, or can be formed of a plurality of materials. From the viewpoint of imparting strength that can withstand the pressure applied during mortar discharge, the nozzle is preferably made of metal, and more preferably stainless steel or aluminum.

<First Embodiment>
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same numbers are assigned to common parts.

  2 to 4 are a perspective view, a front schematic view, and a side schematic view, respectively, of a mortar coating nozzle 20 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “nozzle”) in the first embodiment of the present invention. The peripheral side surface of the nozzle is composed of a pair of main surfaces 21 and 22 facing each other and a pair of side surfaces 23 and 24 facing each other. In the present embodiment, the main surface 21 and the main surface 22, the side surface 23 and the side surface 24 are parallel to each other, and the main surfaces 21 and 22 and the side surfaces 23 and 24 intersect perpendicularly. Therefore, the shape of the nozzle peripheral side surface in the present embodiment is rectangular on a surface (horizontal cross section) that is perpendicular to both the main surface and the side surface.

  In the present embodiment, the front end surface 25 that is the surface on the front end side of the nozzle is composed of a first inclined surface 26 and a second inclined surface 27. The first inclined surface 26 and the second inclined surface 27 are both flat surfaces, and a mortar discharge slit 28 is provided in the first inclined surface 26. The four sides of the first inclined surface 26 are in contact with one side of each of the main surface 22, the side surface 23, the side surface 24, and the second inclined surface 27. The four sides of the second inclined surface 27 are in contact with one side of the main surface 21, the side surface 23, the side surface 24, and the first inclined surface 26.

  Therefore, the first inclined surface 26 constituting the nozzle tip surface is inclined in a direction away from the nozzle tip from the nozzle tip side of the side surface 24 to the nozzle tip side of the side surface 23. Similarly, the second inclined surface 27 sharing one side with the first inclined surface 26 is also inclined from the side surface 24 to the side surface 23. Here, the inclination angle α with respect to the side surface of the nozzle tip surface is, as shown in FIG. 3, of the set of side surfaces on the main surface 22 extending further to the nozzle tip side among the set of main surfaces. The angle formed by the side surface 24 extending further to the nozzle tip side and the first inclined surface 26 can be obtained. In the present embodiment, since the side surface 26 and the side surface 27 are parallel, the angle formed by the side surface 23 and the first inclined surface 26 in the plane parallel to the main surface 22 is also equal to α. Similarly, in the present embodiment, since the main surface 21 and the main surface 22 are parallel, the angle between the side surface 24 and the first inclined surface 26 in the plane parallel to the main surface 21, and the main surface 21. The angle formed between the side surface 24 and the first inclined surface 26 in the plane parallel to is also equal to α.

  As described above, by inclining the nozzle front end surface 25 from the side surface 24 to the side surface 23, even in a narrow space between the stacked standard refractories, the corner portion or the like does not interfere with the standard refractory. Also, the mortar can be uniformly applied. The effect will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows an example of a method of using the mortar coating nozzle 20 of the present embodiment when further stacking the regular refractories on the regular refractories 40, 41, and 42. In this example, the mortar application nozzle 20 is attached to the tip of the dispenser 30. The dispenser 30 is for supplying mortar to the nozzle 20, and the nozzle 20 and the dispenser 30 are attached to the tip of an arm of an arm type robot (not shown), for example, and can be moved to an arbitrary position. Can do. As shown in FIG. 5, when the standard refractories 43 and 44 are already stacked, in order to newly load the standard refractory in the space between them, in addition to the upper surface of the standard refractory 41, the standard refractory 43 , 44 also needs to be coated with mortar. At this time, if the tip surface 35 of the nozzle 20 is inclined, the nozzle 20 or the dispenser 30 may interfere with the fixed refractory 41, 43, 44, etc. by inserting the nozzle 20 obliquely as shown in the figure. The tip of the nozzle 20 can reach the corner portion. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the mortar is moved while moving the nozzle 20 in the horizontal direction (from the front of the paper to the back or from the back of the paper to the front) with the main surface 21 of the nozzle 20 facing the front of the paper. It is assumed that it is applied.

On the other hand, if a nozzle whose tip surface is not inclined is used, even if the nozzle is inserted obliquely as in the example of FIG. The tip of the nozzle cannot be reached. Further, in order to make the tip of the nozzle reach the corner portion, even if the nozzle is brought close to the side of the fixed refractory 43 that is the application surface (from the horizontal direction), the nozzle or the dispenser may be fixed refractory 44 or the like. Will interfere.
Here, the case where the nozzle of the first embodiment is used has been described, but it goes without saying that the above-described effect can be obtained if the nozzle satisfies the conditions of the present invention.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the second inclined surface 27 that is a part of the nozzle tip surface 25 is inclined in a direction away from the nozzle tip from the nozzle tip side of the main surface 22 to the nozzle tip side of the main surface 21. ing. Here, the inclination angle β of the second inclined surface 27 with respect to the main surface is, as shown in FIG. 4, one set of main surfaces on the side surface 24 extending further to the nozzle tip side. Of the surfaces, the angle formed by the main surface 22 extending to the nozzle tip side and the second inclined surface 27 can be obtained. In the present embodiment, since the main surface 21 and the main surface 22 are parallel, the angle formed by the main surface 21 and the second inclined surface 27 in the plane parallel to the side surface 24 is also equal to β. Similarly, in the present embodiment, since the side surface 23 and the side surface 24 are parallel, the angle between the main surface 22 and the second inclined surface 27 in the plane parallel to the side surface 23 and the side surface 23 are parallel. The angle formed by the main surface 21 and the second inclined surface 27 in the plane is also equal to β.

  As described above, the second inclined surface 27, which is a part of the nozzle tip surface 25, is inclined from the main surface 24 to the main surface 21, so that the surface of the regular refractory having irregularities such as dowels is also uniform. A mortar can be applied. The effect will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 schematically shows the movement of the nozzle as seen from above when mortar is applied to the side surface of the standard refractory as shown in FIG. In FIG. 6A, a concave portion is provided on the side surface of the standard refractory 45. Even in such a case, since a part of the tip surface 25 of the nozzle 20 is inclined and the tip of the nozzle is thin, the mortar can be uniformly applied even to the inside of the recess. Moreover, although the convex part is provided in the side surface of the fixed form refractory 46 in FIG.6 (b), even if it is such a case, by moving a nozzle according to the surface shape of the fixed form refractory 46, Again, the mortar can be applied uniformly.

<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the mortar application nozzle 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the tip surface 25 of the nozzle 20 has a single inclined surface, and the mortar discharge slit 28 is provided on the inclined surface. About parts other than the above, it is the same as that of the nozzle 20 in a 1st Example. In the present invention, the entire nozzle tip surface 25 can be inclined from the main surface 22 to the main surface 21 so as to be away from the nozzle tip. In the nozzle 20 in the second embodiment, the angle formed by the tip surface 25 and the main surface 22 is β.

<Third Embodiment>
FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the mortar coating nozzle 20 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the nozzle tip surface 25 includes two surfaces, a first inclined surface 26, a second inclined surface 27, and a third inclined surface 29. Similar to the first inclined surface 26 in the first embodiment, the first inclined surface 26 extends from the nozzle tip side of the side surface (24) located on the back side in FIG. 6 to the nozzle tip side of the side surface 23. And tilted away from the nozzle tip. The second inclined surface 27 and the third inclined surface 29 sharing one side with the first inclined surface 26 are also inclined from the side surface (24) located on the back side of the paper surface to the side surface 23. Yes. Moreover, the 2nd inclined surface 27 which is a part of nozzle front end surface 25 inclines in the direction away from a nozzle front end from the main surface 22 side to the main surface 21 side similarly to 1st embodiment. And the 3rd inclined surface 29 which is a part of nozzle front end surface 25 inclines in the direction away from a nozzle front end from the main surface 21 side to the main surface 22 side contrary to the 2nd inclined surface 27. .

  In the present invention, as in the present embodiment, the nozzle tip surface 25 can be inclined so as to be away from the nozzle tip on one main surface side and the other main surface side. Even in such a case, the inclination angle β is (d) on the side surface extending to the nozzle tip side among the set of side surfaces, and (e) to the nozzle tip side among the set of main surfaces. It can be defined as an angle formed between the extending main surface and (f) a surface inclined from one of the pair of main surfaces to the other of the front end surfaces. However, as in the nozzle 20 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 8, when the main surface 21 and the main surface 22 have the same height (when extending to the same position on the nozzle tip side), the above ( Any main surface may be used as the main surface of e).

  Further, when the nozzle tip surface 25 is inclined so as to be away from the nozzle tip on one main surface side and the other main surface side as in the present embodiment, the main surface of each inclined surface It is preferable that the inclination angle with respect to the angle is 20 ° or more and 50 ° or less.

[Arm type robot for mortar application]
The mortar coating nozzle of the present invention can be used in any mode, but can be used by being attached to a robot, for example. The robot is not particularly limited, and various types of robots can be used. However, it is preferable to use a robot having an arm (arm type robot) because of the high degree of freedom of application, and the vertical robot used for industrial purposes. It is more preferable to use an articulated robot.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an arm type robot 50 for applying mortar according to an embodiment of the present invention. The mortar coating arm type robot 50 includes a dispenser 30 at the tip of the arm 51, and the mortar coating nozzle 20 is connected to the tip of the dispenser 30. The arm 51 is provided with a plurality of rotating shafts, and the nozzle 20 can be moved to a position where mortar is applied. The connecting portion between the dispenser 30 and the nozzle 20 is provided with a rotating means (not shown) for rotating the nozzle 20 around the central axis of the dispenser 30, and the nozzle 20 according to the direction of the surface on which the mortar is applied. Can be rotated.

  A mortar supply means 60 is connected to the mortar coating arm type robot 50. The mortar supply means 60 includes a tank 61 containing the mortar 70 and a pipe 62, and pumps the mortar 70 to the dispenser 30 using a pump (not shown).

[Mortar application method]
The method for applying mortar using the mortar application nozzle of the present invention is not particularly limited and may be any method. From the viewpoint of applying mortar with a uniform thickness, move the nozzle closer to the application surface so that the longitudinal direction of the mortar discharge slit provided on the tip of the mortar application nozzle is perpendicular to the nozzle movement direction. It is preferable to move the nozzle in a direction substantially horizontal to the application surface while discharging mortar. At that time, the distance between the coating surface and the mortar discharge slit, the moving speed of the nozzle, and the discharge speed of the mortar may be adjusted so as to have a desired mortar thickness. Under general conditions, the distance between the coating surface and the mortar discharge slit is preferably 3 to 11 mm. Also, if there are irregularities such as dowels on the application surface, the nozzle is moved in a direction perpendicular to the flat part of the application surface so as to follow the irregularities, and the distance between the application surface and the mortar discharge slit is always constant. It is preferable to do.

  According to the mortar coating nozzle of the present invention, the surface of the fixed refractory used in the coke oven does not interfere with the fixed refractory, and even on a surface having irregularities such as dowels, the mortar is uniformly applied. Can be applied. Furthermore, if a robot having the mortar application nozzle is used, the mortar application work in the construction of the coke oven can be automated. Therefore, the nozzle of the present invention is extremely effective for improving the accuracy and labor saving of the coke oven construction work.

11 to 14 Fixed refractories 15 Concave parts 16 Convex parts 20 Nozzles for mortar application 21, 22 Main surfaces 23, 24 Side surfaces 25 Front end surfaces 26 First inclined surfaces 27 Second inclined surfaces 28 Mortar discharge slits 29 Third inclined surfaces Surface 30 Dispenser 40 to 46 Fixed refractory 50 Arm robot for mortar application 51 Arm 60 Mortar supply means 61 Tank 62 Piping 70 Mortar

Claims (5)

A nozzle for mortar application,
A peripheral side surface composed of a set of main surfaces facing each other and a set of side surfaces facing each other;
A nozzle tip surface,
It has a mortar discharge slit provided on the nozzle tip surface,
Mortar coating nozzle in which the nozzle tip surface is inclined from one side of the set of side surfaces to the other, and at least a part of the nozzle tip surface is inclined from one side of the set of main surfaces to the other side. . An inclination angle α of the nozzle tip surface with respect to the side surface is 40 ° or more and 75 ° or less,
The mortar coating nozzle according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle β of the nozzle tip surface with respect to the main surface is 20 ° or more and 50 ° or less. Arm,
A dispenser attached to the tip of the arm;
A mortar coating arm type robot comprising the mortar coating nozzle according to claim 1 or 2 attached to a tip of the dispenser.   The arm type robot for mortar application according to claim 3, further comprising nozzle rotating means for rotating the nozzle for mortar application with respect to the dispenser. The mortar coating method performed using the mortar coating nozzle according to claim 1.

Images