JP2016216788A - Method for producing foaming sedative agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a foaming sedative agent in which a siding waste material is used as a raw material.SOLUTION: The method for producing a foaming sedative agent includes: crushing a siding waste material into a predetermined size to produce a siding waste material chip; feeding water and the siding waste material chip into an extruder and thereby compressing and extrusion-forming to produce a strand; having the strand into a predetermined length to produce a briquette or pellet; and then drying the briquette or pellet.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a forming sedative. In more detail, this invention relates to the manufacturing method of the forming sedative which uses a siding waste material as a raw material.

  In most steel refining processes using top blown oxygen such as converters, hot metal pretreatment, smelting reduction, scrap melting using fossil fuels, foaming is observed. When the slag foams violently, a phenomenon occurs that a large amount of slag escapes from the furnace opening with a metal (called slopping), and the iron yield is greatly reduced or the workability is remarkably deteriorated.

  Various forming sedatives for suppressing such forming phenomenon have been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that metal oxides equivalent to 1 to 70% by weight of raw materials collected from wood and plastics separated by magnetic sorting and specific gravity sorting after breaking a used pachinko machine, Press molding after mixing at least one selected from dolomite, limestone, marble, meteorite, blast furnace slag, converter slag, refractory powder, abrasive powder, waste oil, tar, asbestos, paper sludge, sludge sludge A converter slag forming sedative using a recovered material from a pachinko machine is disclosed.

  Patent Document 2 includes, as raw materials, ironmaking process-generated ash and / or power generation boiler-generated combustion ash, paper sludge, plastic, and a predetermined amount of shredder dust raw material containing only fragments smaller than a predetermined size. A forming suppression material comprising: a mixing step of mixing the raw materials to form a mixture in which the raw materials are mixed; and a molding step of compressing and molding the mixture made in the mixing step. The manufacturing method is disclosed.

Patent Document 3 is a foaming suppression material that suppresses foaming of slag generated in a refining process in a converter, and is 20 to 60% by weight of dust collection dust generated in the treatment process of a construction waste treatment plant and waste plastic 5 Disclosed is a forming inhibitor for converters, characterized in that waste paper and / or wood waste is blended in -20% by mass.
In the methods described in the cited documents 1 to 3, plastic is used as a binder.

  On the other hand, a large amount of siding waste comes from the construction site. For this reason, various technologies for recycling siding waste have been proposed. For example, it has been proposed that siding waste is pulverized and reused as a lightweight aggregate to be added to a new siding material through particle size adjustment and heat treatment. It has been proposed to reuse a lightweight foam fired body obtained by pulverizing a siding waste material, mixing borax with the siding waste material, and firing the mixture as a lightweight tile. However, these proposals do not have a high reuse rate of siding waste because the durability of reused products is not sufficient.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-143531 JP 2012-201954 A JP 2005-350758 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a new method for reusing siding waste. Specifically, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a forming sedative using waste siding as a raw material.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present invention including the following aspects has been completed.
[1] Crushing siding waste to a predetermined size to obtain siding waste chips,
Supplying water and waste siding chips to the extruder, compressing and extruding with an extruder to obtain a strand,
Briquette or pellet is obtained by making the strand into a predetermined length,
Next, a method of producing a foaming sedative comprising drying the briquettes or pellets.
[2] The manufacturing method according to [1], wherein the extruder has watering means at a supply port of the siding waste chip.

[3] The extruder has two screws in a barrel,
The screw is obtained by connecting a supply part screw, a compression part screw and a metering part screw in series, and the screw length of the supply part screw is longer than the screw lengths of the compression part screw and the metering part screw, [1] or [2].

[4] The extruder has a die at the opening through which the strand is extruded,
The die presses the first member and the second member, the first member and the second member that form a space through which the strand extruded from the extruder passes and can be divided into two parts vertically or horizontally along the extrusion direction. The manufacturing method as described in any one of [1]-[3] which has the pressurization apparatus for this, and the apparatus which controls this pressurization apparatus.

[5] The extruder has a die at the opening through which the strand is extruded,
The die forms a space through which a strand extruded from an extruder passes and has a plurality of annular die members that can be divided back and forth along the extrusion direction, and for heating all or part of the die member The manufacturing method according to any one of [1] to [3], comprising a heater.

[6] The extruder has a die at the opening through which the strand is extruded,
The die is
A portion comprising an annular die member forming a space through which strands extruded from the extruder pass;
Pressurization for pressing the first member and the second member, the first member and the second member that form a space through which the strand extruded from the extruder passes and can be divided into two parts vertically or horizontally along the extrusion direction The manufacturing method according to any one of [1] to [3], including a device and a portion including a device that controls the pressurizing device.

[7] The manufacturing method according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the supply of the siding waste chip to the extruder is performed with a screw feeder.
[8] The production method according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the siding waste material chips are agitated and mixed by a screw conveyor before the supply of the siding waste material chips to the extruder.
[9] The production method according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the strand is cut using a cutter device to form the strand into a briquette or a pellet having a predetermined length.
[10] The production method according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the strand is cut into a briquette or a pellet having a predetermined length by cutting the strand by bending.
[11] The production method according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein briquettes or pellets are dried by natural drying.

  When the siding waste chip is compressed and extruded according to the production method of the present invention, a forming sedative can be obtained. The forming sedative obtained by the production method of the present invention has an excellent effect of suppressing the forming phenomenon and is inexpensive. According to the manufacturing method of the present invention, it is possible to promote reuse of waste siding material that is produced in large quantities from a construction site of a house.

It is a top view which shows an example of the apparatus for implementing this invention. It is a perspective view of the apparatus shown in FIG. It is a side view which shows the bunker 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of a screw conveyor. It is sectional drawing when a twin screw extruder is seen from the top. It is sectional drawing when the principal part of the twin screw extruder shown in FIG. 5 is seen from the side. It is a figure which shows an example of die | dye. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a screw extruder and a fixed supply apparatus. It is a figure which shows an example of die | dye. It is a figure which shows an example of die | dye. It is a figure which shows an example of the method of cut | disconnecting a strand by bending.

  The method for producing a forming sedative of the present invention is to crush siding waste into a predetermined size to obtain siding waste chips, supply water and siding waste chips to an extruder, and compress and extrude with an extruder. Having a strand, making the strand a predetermined length to obtain a briquette or pellet, and then drying the briquette or pellet.

  A siding material is a board material used for the outer wall of a building. Siding materials are roughly classified into metal-based siding materials, wood-based siding materials, resin-based siding materials, ceramic-based siding materials, and the like according to constituent materials. Although it is not necessary to sort out the siding waste according to the constituent materials, it is preferable to remove the siding waste made of vinyl chloride resin because it causes generation of chlorine gas and the like. As the siding waste material used in the present invention, one containing a ceramic siding waste material as a main component (for example, 50% by mass or more) is preferable.

  In the present invention, only siding waste may be used, or wood plastic such as waste plastic and / or wood waste, waste tatami mat, and waste paper may be used together with the siding waste. The amount of siding waste with respect to the total mass of siding waste, waste plastic and wood waste is preferably more than 60% by mass and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 65% by mass to 100% by mass, and even more preferably 70% by mass to 100% by mass. % Or less, most preferably 80% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less.

The siding waste is put into the crusher 1 by known means, for example, an excavator, a forklift, a belt conveyor 9 and the like, and is crushed into chips. The crushing can be performed on each siding waste material selected for each type, or can be performed on unselected siding waste materials. The average passing diameter of the siding waste chip is preferably 5 to 150 mm, more preferably 5 to 75 mm, and still more preferably 5 to 50 mm. When the size of the chip is within such a range, the uniform supply of the chip is good. The crusher used is not particularly limited as long as the siding waste can be made into chips having a predetermined shape and size.
When waste plastic and / or wood waste are used, it is preferable to crush them with a crusher as described above into chips. The size of the chip of waste plastic and / or wood waste is not particularly limited, but the average diameter is preferably 5 to 150 mm, more preferably 5 to 75 mm, and still more preferably 5 to 50 mm.

  The siding waste chip can be temporarily stored in the bunker 2 via the bucket conveyor 10 or the like, for example. When sorted and crushed, each type can be stored separately in bunker 2-1, 2-2. For example, it can be stored separately in ceramics siding waste chips and resin siding waste chips. Also, waste plastic and / or wood waste chips can be similarly selected and stored in a bunker.

  The form of the bunker is not particularly limited. For example, the bunker 2 shown in FIG. 3 includes a bunker main body 21, a plurality of, for example, four payout screws 24 that form the inclined bottom surface 22 of the bunker main body 21, and a siding provided on the upper end side of the inclined bottom portion 22. The waste chip discharge port 23 and a drive motor 25 for the discharge screw 24 are provided.

  For example, a belt conveyor or a screw conveyor is used to transfer the siding waste chip discharged from the bunker 2 to the quantitative supply device at the top of the extruder. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the screw conveyor. The screw conveyor 3 is mainly composed of a screw 31 that is rotatably provided and a casing 32 that stores the screw 31, and by rotating the screw 31 in the closed casing 32, the siding waste chip is removed. It can be transferred in a predetermined direction with uniform stirring and mixing. Siding waste chips and the like sorted and stored in each of the bunkers 2-1 and 2-2 are quantitatively discharged onto the belt conveyor 11 by the discharge screw 24 that forms the inclined bottom surface of the bunkers 2-1 and 2-2. . The siding waste chips that have been quantitatively dispensed on the belt conveyor 11 to have a mass ratio of 5 to 5, for example, reach the screw conveyor 3 where they are uniformly stirred and mixed. As one embodiment, it is preferable to arrange the magnetic separator 12 on the belt conveyor 11 in the upstream of the screw extruder, for example, between the bunker 2 and the screw conveyor 3. Thereby, the metal piece mixed in the siding waste chip flowing into the screw extruder 6 can be selected and removed. When using waste plastic and / or wood waste chips, it is preferable to transfer the waste plastic and / or wood waste chips together with the siding waste chips on a screw conveyor. In the screw conveyor, chips of waste plastic and / or wood waste and siding waste chips are mixed, so that briquettes or pellets with little quality variation are easily obtained.

The transferred siding waste chips and the like can be quantitatively supplied to the screw extruder 6 using, for example, a screw feeder 4 or a vibration feeder (sometimes referred to as a vibro channel) 5. FIG. 8 is a view showing the screw extruder, the screw feeder 4 and the vibro channel 5.
The screw feeder 4 is mainly composed of a trough 42, a hopper 41 provided on the trough 42, a biaxial screw 43 provided in the trough 42, and a drive motor 44 for the biaxial screw 43. ing. The shape of the trough is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a shape of a cylinder, a semi-cylinder, a square tube, and the like.
The vibro channel 5 is a conveyor used for horizontal transfer of powder particles, and is mainly composed of a shallow groove-like container 51 and a vibration generator (not shown) that vibrates the container 51. . The vibro channel can break up lumped siding waste chips and the like by vibration and, for example, spread them to a height of about 30 mm in a container and supply them to the extruder in that state. When such supply is performed, the siding waste chips can be quantitatively supplied to the extruder.
In the apparatus shown in the figure, the raw material charging chute of the vibro channel 5 is disposed above the raw material charging port of the screw extruder 6, and the terminal end of the screw feeder 4 is positioned above the raw material receiving portion of the vibro channel 5. ing.

  In the present invention, the watering device provided at the inlet of the screw extruder 6 is not particularly limited as long as a predetermined amount of water can be added to the siding waste chip introduced into the extruder. Water spray functions as a cross-linking agent for improving the moldability of the chip mixture, which is a molding material, a lubricant for preventing the excessive heating of the molded product, a lubricant for smooth extrusion of the molded product, for example. it is conceivable that. The amount of water supplied to the extruder is adjusted based on, for example, the amount of water contained in the siding waste chip, the molding machine outlet temperature, the moldability of the molded product, the shape stability of the molded product, and the like. The amount of water supplied to the extruder is preferably at most 0.4 mass% with respect to the dry mass of the siding waste chip supplied to the extruder. When the siding waste is wet with rainwater etc., reduce the amount of water supplied from the sprinkler, increase the amount of waste plastic and / or wood waste, or mix the dried siding waste The amount of water supplied to the can be adjusted.

  The screw extruder 6 has a twin screw 61 as shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a view showing a cross section of the screw 61 of the screw extruder 6. The screw shown in FIG. 6 is obtained by connecting a supply unit screw 62, a compression unit screw 63, and a metering unit screw 64 along a screw shaft 65 using a bolt 66. In the supply section (feed zone), the siding waste chip is bitten into the screw and kneaded. In the compression part (compression zone), the siding waste chips are compressed and kneaded. In the measuring section (metering zone), the kneaded product is kneaded so that the compression pressure and the flow rate thereof become predetermined values. The screw shown in FIG. 6 can be separated into a supply part screw, a compression part screw, and a metering part screw by removing the bolt, but the screw used in the extruder of the present invention is a supply part screw, a compression part screw. Further, it may be an integral body that cannot separate the measuring unit screw. Moreover, in order to obtain a briquette or a pellet of a low compression rate, you may comprise a screw only with a supply part screw and a measurement part screw.

Screws are alloys made by sintering metal carbides such as titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, tungsten carbide (hard metal); steels made by adding tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, silicon, vanadium, nickel, etc. (alloy steel) A nickel-chromium steel, nickel-chromium molybdenum steel, chromium steel, chromium-molybdenum steel, manganese steel, etc., with the screw surface lined by thermal spraying, cladding, etc. are preferred. The screw may be subjected to surface treatment for wear resistance or hardening by plating, coating, or the like.
In addition, as an embodiment, a screw having a screw pitch of the supply section screw wider than that of the compression section screw and a screw pitch of the compression section screw wider than that of the measuring section screw can be used. . In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, as the screw, as an embodiment, a screw whose supply part screw has a longer screw length than a compression part screw and a metering part screw can be used.
In one embodiment, the supply section (feed zone) preferably has a wider gap between the barrel and the screw than the other zones in order to allow the siding waste chips to bite into the screw. Moreover, in one Embodiment, it is preferable that the supply part (feed zone) has a screw diameter thinner than other zones. The supply portion screw may be subjected to processing (for example, plating, thermal spraying, etc.) to smooth the screw surface in order to reduce friction with the siding waste material chip.

  The twin screw is preferably in mesh. Further, the biaxial screw is more preferably one that rotates in different directions. In this way, it is easy to obtain briquettes or pellets with a high compression ratio. In addition, although the biaxial screw shown in FIG. 5 is arranged in parallel with each other, in the present invention, a biaxial screw in which both axes are arranged obliquely can also be used.

  The siding waste chip and water are fed in the order of the supply screw 62, the compression screw 63, and the metering screw 64. The compression pressure and temperature in the extruder can be appropriately changed according to the type of siding waste chips and the like. Although the temperature of the kneaded product increases due to friction and compression, it is maintained at a relatively low temperature, for example, 110 ° C. above the melting point of the raw material by adding water.

  A plate member 67 having an opening 68 having a predetermined shape is provided downstream of the measuring unit screw, and the die 7 is attached to the opening 68. A plate member having an opening of a predetermined shape functions as an orifice. As shown in FIG. 6, the center of the opening 68 is preferably located higher than the screw shaft 65. 69 is a gear box shaft, and 70 is a partition plate. The kneaded material flows into the die (see FIG. 7) 7 from the opening of the plate member 67, and is formed into a strand, for example, a strand whose step surface perpendicular to the long axis forms a square with a side of 60 mm. Examples of the die include a straight die, a cross die, and a flat die. Of these, a straight die is preferred.

  The die shown in FIG. 6 forms a space through which the strand extruded from the extruder passes and can be divided into two parts vertically along the extrusion direction, and the first member 71 and the first member 71 It has a hydraulic jack 73 as a pressurizing device for pressing the two members 72 to pressurize the strand passing through the space, and a device (not shown) for controlling the pressurizing device. The first member 71 and the second member 72 may be divided into left and right parts along the extrusion direction of the molded product. 74 is a mounting member for a hydraulic jack, 75 is a mounting flange, 76 is an opening, and 77 is a pivot when the opening side end of the first member 71 turns up and down, for example, 45 degrees. A clamp or the like may be used instead of the hydraulic jack. Examples of the clamp include a C-type clamp (G-type clamp, giant clam vise), and an F-type clamp. When the die is clogged or soiled with the kneaded material, the inner surface of the die can be cleaned by opening the first member and the second member separately.

  According to the present embodiment, the compression heat can be effectively used by stepwise compression using a twin-screw extruder in which a plurality of unit screws are connected as a screw extruder. The volume of siding waste can be reduced to 1/5 to 1/30, for example, without the need for a heating device.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a die applied to the present invention. This die forms a space through which strands extruded from an extruder pass and is divided into a plurality of annular die members 81 and 82 that can be divided back and forth along the extrusion direction, and heats all or part of the die members. Heaters 85 to 87 for carrying out the operation. 83 is a mounting flange, 84 is a connecting flange, and 88 is an opening. By using such a die, for example, by heating the entire die to the temperature of the strand extruded from the plate member opening of the extruder, for example, 100 to 150 ° C., the discharge property of the strand is improved, Troubles such as deformation can be prevented. When the temperature of the strand at the die outlet is adjusted to 98 to 120 ° C., the strand discharge property is improved.

  As a die of another form applied to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, a portion comprising an annular die member 81 that forms a space through which a strand extruded from the extruder passes; a strand extruded from the extruder A first member 71 and a second member 72 that form a space through which the first member and the second member 72 can be divided vertically and horizontally along the extrusion direction, a pressurizing device for pressing the first member and the second member, and And a portion comprising a device that controls the pressure device. Only one annular die member 81 may be connected, or two may be connected along the extrusion direction.

  In order to increase the forming accuracy, it is preferable to lengthen the entire die to some extent. The total length of the die used in the present invention is preferably 10 cm to 150 cm. As described above, the die length can be adjusted by connecting the annular die member 81 or the first member 71 and the second member 72, which can be divided into two parts vertically or horizontally, with a flange or the like. The joining order of members constituting the die is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, it is preferable that the first member and the second member that can be divided into two are provided on the most outlet side.

  Only one die may be installed in the opening 68, or two or more dies may be installed. The die is not particularly limited by the shape in a cross section perpendicular to the flow direction, and examples of the shape include a triangle, a quadrangle, a hexagon, an octagon, an ellipse, and a circle. Moreover, a plurality of thin strands can be extruded from one die by providing a partition plate in the space through which the strand passes along the extrusion direction to partition the space.

  The strands obtained as described above are cut into a predetermined length to form briquettes or pellets. The size of the briquette or pellet can be adjusted by the size of the die cross section and the cutting interval. Cutting can be performed by cutting a blade using a cutter device. Further, the cutting can be performed by bending the strand. In the cutting by bending, for example, the strand 103 pushed out from the die 102 is pushed out from the end of the table 104 by its own weight, or the strand 103 pushed out from the die 102 is pushed out from the end of the table 104 as shown in FIG. This can be done by pushing down the upper side of the strand 103 with a roller 101 installed at a predetermined distance from the end.

  The briquette or pellet 105 obtained by cutting is preferably dried by natural drying such as air drying and sun drying. Moreover, you may dry using a hot air dryer, an infrared dryer, etc. as needed.

  The dried briquettes or pellets can be used as forming sedatives. The forming sedative obtained by the production method of the present invention has an excellent effect of suppressing the forming phenomenon and is inexpensive. According to the manufacturing method of the present invention, it is possible to promote reuse of waste siding material that is produced in large quantities from a construction site of a house. The forming sedative obtained by the production method of the present invention preferably has an apparent specific gravity of 0.5 or more and less than 1.5. The forming sedative obtained by the production method of the present invention has an average diameter of preferably 20 to 100 mm, more preferably 30 to 90 mm.

1 ... Crusher, 2 (2-1, 2-2) ... Bunker, 3 ... Screw conveyor, 4 ... Screw feeder, 5 ... Vibro channel, 6 ... Screw extruder, 7 ... Die, 8 ... Sprinkler, 9 ... Belt conveyor, 10 ... Bucket conveyor, 11 ... Belt conveyor, 12 ... Magnetic separator, 21 ... Bunker body, 22 ... Inclined bottom surface, 23 ... Siding waste chip discharge port, 24 ... Discharge screw, 25 ... Drive motor, 31 ... Screw, 32 ... casing, 41 ... hopper, 42 ... trough, 43 ... twin screw, 44 ... drive motor, 51 ... container, 61 ... screw, 62 ... filling part screw, 63 ... pressurizing part screw, 64 ... outlet part screw, 65 ... Screw shaft, 66 ... Bolt, 67 ... Plate member, 68 ... Opening, 69 ... Gear box shaft, 70 ... Separation plate, 71 ... Die first member, 72 ... Die second member, 73 ... Hydraulic jack, 74 ... Hydraulic jack mounting member, 75 ... mounting flange, 76 ... opening, 81 ... first die member, 82 ... second die member, 83 ... flange, 84 ... connecting flange, 85-87 ... heater, 88 ... opening.

Claims (11)

Crushing siding waste into a predetermined size to obtain siding waste chips,
Supplying water and waste siding chips to the extruder, compressing and extruding with an extruder to obtain a strand,
Briquette or pellet is obtained by making the strand into a predetermined length,
Next, a method of producing a foaming sedative comprising drying the briquettes or pellets.   The said extruder has a watering means in the supply port of a siding waste material chip | tip, The manufacturing method of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. The extruder has two screws in the barrel,
The screw is an integral unit of a supply unit screw, a compression unit screw and a metering unit screw connected in series, and the screw length of the supply unit screw is longer than the screw length of each of the compression unit screw and the metering unit screw. Item 3. The method according to Item 1 or 2. The extruder has a die at the mouth from which the strand is extruded,
The die presses the first member and the second member, the first member and the second member that form a space through which the strand extruded from the extruder passes and can be divided into two parts vertically or horizontally along the extrusion direction. The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-3 which has the pressurization apparatus for this, and the apparatus which controls this pressurization apparatus. The extruder has a die at the mouth from which the strand is extruded,
The die includes a plurality of annular die members that form a space through which strands extruded from the extruder pass and can be divided back and forth along the extrusion direction, and a heater for heating all or part of the die members The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-3 which has these. The extruder has a die at the mouth from which the strand is extruded,
The die is
A portion comprising an annular die member forming a space through which strands extruded from the extruder pass;
Pressurization for pressing the first member and the second member, the first member and the second member that form a space through which the strand extruded from the extruder passes and can be divided into two parts vertically or horizontally along the extrusion direction The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-3 which has a part which consists of an apparatus and the apparatus which controls this pressurization apparatus.   The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-6 which supplies a siding waste material chip | tip to the extruder with a screw feeder.   The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the siding waste chips are agitated and mixed by a screw conveyor before the supply of the siding waste chips to the extruder.   The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-8 which makes a strand into a briquette or pellet of predetermined length by cut | disconnecting a strand using a cutter apparatus.   The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-8 which makes a strand into the briquette or pellet of predetermined length by cut | disconnecting a strand by bending.   The manufacturing method as described in any one of Claims 1-10 which drys a briquette or a pellet by natural drying.

Images