JP2016214241A - Fermented milk and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Fermented milk and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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JP2016214241A
JP2016214241A JP2016099633A JP2016099633A JP2016214241A JP 2016214241 A JP2016214241 A JP 2016214241A JP 2016099633 A JP2016099633 A JP 2016099633A JP 2016099633 A JP2016099633 A JP 2016099633A JP 2016214241 A JP2016214241 A JP 2016214241A
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yogurt
organic acid
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fermented milk
milk
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JP6774005B2 (en
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初代 内藤
Hatsuyo Naitou
初代 内藤
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Nippon Shinyaku Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method capable of easily manufacturing fermented milk having smooth texture and fermented milk manufactured by the method, and a method for smoothening the texture of fermented milk.SOLUTION: In manufacturing of fermented milk, fermented milk having smooth texture can be obtained by adding a minute amount of organic acid or its salt to a fermentation raw material before fermentation and carrying out fermentation.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、滑らかな食感の発酵乳およびその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a fermented milk having a smooth texture and a method for producing the same.

近年、健康志向やアンチエイジング、体力向上のためのスポーツへの関心の高まり等により高タンパク食品の需要が伸びており、発酵乳(ヨーグルト)は高タンパク質で低カロリーな食品としてその市場が伸長してきている。
また、発酵乳の中でも通常のヨーグルトに比べタンパク質含量が増加された高タンパクヨーグルトや脂肪含量を低減した低脂肪ヨーグルトは健康志向の消費者のニーズから人気が高まっている。しかし、タンパク質含量が上昇すると、ざらつき、ごわつきなど物性面でのマイナスの現象が増強され、ヨーグルトの滑らかな食感を保持することが難しい。脂肪分を低減した発酵乳も脂肪含量が減少するにつれて滑らかな食感が失われる傾向がある。
発酵乳は牛乳または乳製品に乳酸菌を添加することにより製造され、乳酸菌の生成する乳酸が、ヨーグルト独特の風味を作り出し、牛乳のタンパク質を固める働きをする。発酵乳の滑らかな食感を保持したり向上させる方法として、従来、寒天やゼラチンや安定剤など添加する方法、適切な乳酸菌スターターを選択する方法、脂肪分を多くする方法が知られている。また、発酵時の溶存酸素濃度を下げる方法(例えば、特許文献1参照)や特定の乳タンパクやペプチドを添加する方法(例えば、特許文献2参照)も報告されているが、これらの方法はざらつきが十分に改善されなかったり、製法が複雑になったりするため、滑らかな食感の発酵乳を簡便に製造する方法が望まれている。
In recent years, demand for high protein foods has increased due to health-consciousness, anti-aging, and increased interest in sports for improving physical fitness, and the market for fermented milk (yogurt) has grown as a high-protein, low-calorie food. ing.
Among fermented milk, high protein yogurt with an increased protein content compared to normal yogurt and low fat yogurt with a reduced fat content are gaining popularity due to the needs of health-conscious consumers. However, when the protein content is increased, negative phenomena in physical properties such as roughness and wrinkle are enhanced, and it is difficult to maintain the smooth texture of yogurt. The fermented milk with reduced fat content also tends to lose its smooth texture as the fat content decreases.
Fermented milk is produced by adding lactic acid bacteria to milk or dairy products, and the lactic acid produced by the lactic acid bacteria creates a unique flavor of yogurt and functions to solidify the milk protein. Conventionally known methods for maintaining or improving the smooth texture of fermented milk include a method of adding agar, gelatin, a stabilizer, and the like, a method of selecting an appropriate lactic acid bacteria starter, and a method of increasing fat content. Moreover, although the method of reducing the dissolved oxygen concentration at the time of fermentation (for example, refer patent document 1) and the method of adding specific milk protein and peptide (for example refer patent document 2), these methods are rough. Is not sufficiently improved, and the production method becomes complicated, and therefore, a method for easily producing fermented milk having a smooth texture is desired.

特開2013−150626号公報JP2013-150626A 特開2004−283047号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-283047

本発明は、滑らかな食感の発酵乳を簡便に製造できる方法、およびかかる方法により製造される発酵乳を提供することを主な目的とする。本発明はまた、発酵乳の食感を滑らかにする方法を提供することを主な目的とする。   The main object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of easily producing fermented milk having a smooth texture, and fermented milk produced by such a method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for smoothing the texture of fermented milk.

本発明者は、発酵乳の製造において、発酵前の発酵原料に微量の有機酸又はその塩を添加して発酵することにより、発酵速度やpH、酸度にほとんど影響を与えることなく、滑らかな食感の発酵乳を得ることができることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
本発明として、例えば、下記のものを挙げることができる。
(1)乳原料およびスターターを含む発酵原料の調製工程と発酵工程とを含み、調製工程において有機酸またはその塩を添加する、発酵乳の製造方法。
(2)調整工程において有機酸を添加し、かかる有機酸の添加量が発酵原料の0.001〜0.07重量%である、前記(1)の製造方法。
(3)調整工程において有機酸の塩を添加し、かかる有機酸の塩の添加量が発酵原料の0.001〜0.7重量%である、前記(1)の製造方法。
(4)有機酸がリンゴ酸である、前記(1)〜(3)のいずれか一つに記載の製造方法。
(5)有機酸の塩がナトリウム塩である、前記(3)に記載の製造方法。
(6)前記(1)から(5)のいずれか一つに記載の製造方法により製造される発酵乳。
(7)乳原料およびスターターを含む発酵原料を発酵させて製造する発酵乳において、発酵原料に有機酸またはその塩を添加して発酵乳の食感を滑らかにする方法。
(8)発酵原料に有機酸を添加し、かかる有機酸の添加量が発酵原料全体の0.001〜0.07重量%である、前記(7)の方法。
(9)発酵原料に有機酸の塩を添加し、かかる有機酸の塩の添加量が発酵原料の0.001〜0.7重量%である、前記(7)の方法。
(10)有機酸がリンゴ酸である、前記(7)〜(9)のいずれか一つに記載の方法。
(11)有機酸の塩がナトリウム塩である、前記(9)に記載の方法。
In the production of fermented milk, the present inventor added a small amount of an organic acid or a salt thereof to a fermentation raw material before fermentation and fermented it to produce a smooth food with little influence on the fermentation rate, pH, and acidity. The inventors found that a fermented milk with a feeling can be obtained and completed the present invention.
Examples of the present invention include the following.
(1) A method for producing fermented milk, comprising a fermentation raw material preparation step including a milk raw material and a starter and a fermentation step, and adding an organic acid or a salt thereof in the preparation step.
(2) The manufacturing method of said (1) which adds an organic acid in an adjustment process, and the addition amount of this organic acid is 0.001-0.07 weight% of a fermentation raw material.
(3) The production method of (1), wherein an organic acid salt is added in the adjusting step, and the amount of the organic acid salt added is 0.001 to 0.7% by weight of the fermentation raw material.
(4) The production method according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the organic acid is malic acid.
(5) The production method according to (3), wherein the salt of the organic acid is a sodium salt.
(6) Fermented milk produced by the production method according to any one of (1) to (5).
(7) A method for smoothening the texture of fermented milk by adding an organic acid or a salt thereof to the fermented milk in fermented milk produced by fermenting a fermented raw material including a milk raw material and a starter.
(8) The method according to (7), wherein an organic acid is added to the fermentation raw material, and the amount of the organic acid added is 0.001 to 0.07% by weight of the entire fermentation raw material.
(9) The method according to (7) above, wherein an organic acid salt is added to the fermentation raw material, and the amount of the organic acid salt added is 0.001 to 0.7% by weight of the fermentation raw material.
(10) The method according to any one of (7) to (9), wherein the organic acid is malic acid.
(11) The method according to (9) above, wherein the salt of the organic acid is a sodium salt.

本発明に係る発酵乳の製造方法によれば、発酵速度やpH、酸度にほとんど影響を与えることなく、簡便な方法で、滑らかな食感の発酵乳を製造することができる。また、本発明にかかる方法は、発酵乳の食感を滑らかにすることができる。   According to the method for producing fermented milk according to the present invention, fermented milk having a smooth texture can be produced by a simple method without substantially affecting the fermentation rate, pH, and acidity. Moreover, the method concerning this invention can make the food texture of fermented milk smooth.

図1は、実施例2および比較例2で製造したヨーグルトをレオメーターにより、10℃下で測定した結果を示す。縦軸は粘度(mPa・s)を表し、横軸は時間(秒)を表す。FIG. 1 shows the results of measuring the yogurt produced in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 with a rheometer at 10 ° C. The vertical axis represents viscosity (mPa · s), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). 図2は、実施例2および比較例2で製造したヨーグルトをレオメーターにより、30℃下で測定した結果を示す。縦軸は粘度(mPa・s)を表し、横軸は時間(秒)を表す。FIG. 2 shows the results of measuring the yogurt produced in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 at 30 ° C. with a rheometer. The vertical axis represents viscosity (mPa · s), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). 図3は、実施例3および比較例3で製造したヨーグルトをレオメーターにより、10℃下で測定した結果を示す。縦軸は粘度(mPa・s)を表し、横軸は時間(秒)を表す。FIG. 3 shows the results of measuring the yogurt produced in Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 at 10 ° C. with a rheometer. The vertical axis represents viscosity (mPa · s), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). 図4は、実施例3および比較例3で製造したヨーグルトをレオメーターにより、30℃下で測定した結果を示す。縦軸は粘度(mPa・s)を表し、横軸は時間(秒)を表す。FIG. 4 shows the results of measuring the yogurt produced in Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 at 30 ° C. with a rheometer. The vertical axis represents viscosity (mPa · s), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). 図5は、実施例4および比較例4で製造したヨーグルトをレオメーターにより、10℃下で測定した結果を示す。縦軸は粘度(mPa・s)を表し、横軸は時間(秒)を表す。FIG. 5 shows the results of measuring the yogurt produced in Example 4 and Comparative Example 4 at 10 ° C. with a rheometer. The vertical axis represents viscosity (mPa · s), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). 図6は、実施例4および比較例4で製造したヨーグルトをレオメーターにより、30℃下で測定した結果を示す。縦軸は粘度(mPa・s)を表し、横軸は時間(秒)を表す。FIG. 6 shows the results of measuring the yogurt produced in Example 4 and Comparative Example 4 at 30 ° C. with a rheometer. The vertical axis represents viscosity (mPa · s), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds).

以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明にかかる発酵乳の製造方法は、発酵原料を調製する調製工程と発酵原料の発酵工程とを含み、前記調製工程において有機酸またはその塩を添加することを特徴とする。
発酵乳としては、例えば、プレーンヨーグルト、ソフトヨーグルト、ハードヨーグルト、ドリンクヨーグルトおよびフローズンヨーグルトを挙げることができる。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The method for producing fermented milk according to the present invention includes a preparation step for preparing a fermentation raw material and a fermentation step for the fermentation raw material, and an organic acid or a salt thereof is added in the preparation step.
Examples of fermented milk include plain yogurt, soft yogurt, hard yogurt, drink yogurt and frozen yogurt.

本発明における調製工程は、乳原料、スターターおよび有機酸またはその塩を含む発酵原料を調製する工程である。乳原料、スターターおよび有機酸またはその塩を混合する順番は特に限定されず、乳原料およびスターターを含む混合物を調製した後、有機酸またはその塩を添加することもできるし、乳原料又はスターターのどちらかに有機酸またはその塩を添加した後に、残りの原料と混合してもよい。
前記有機酸としては、例えば、リンゴ酸、グルコノデルタラクトン(GDL)、フィチン酸、フマル酸、コハク酸、クエン酸を挙げることができる。リンゴ酸が好ましい。
前記リンゴ酸としては、例えば、精製した市販のリンゴ酸またはその塩を用いることもできるし、果汁やその濃縮物、リンゴ酸またはその塩を油脂などでコーティングしたものを用いることもできる。リンゴ酸の塩としては、例えば、ナトリウム塩を挙げることができる。DL−リンゴ酸またはDL−リンゴ酸ナトリウムが好ましい。
有機酸の添加量は、発酵原料全体に対して0.001〜0.07重量%好ましくは0.001〜0.05重量%を添加することができる。より好ましくは、0.01〜0.03重量%であり、0.02重量%が最も好ましい。
有機酸の塩の添加量は、発酵原料全体に対して0.001〜0.7重量%好ましくは0.001〜0.3重量%を添加することができる。より好ましくは、0.01〜0.2重量%であり、0.1重量%が最も好ましい。
The preparation process in the present invention is a process for preparing a fermentation raw material containing a milk raw material, a starter, and an organic acid or a salt thereof. The order of mixing the milk raw material, the starter and the organic acid or a salt thereof is not particularly limited, and after preparing the mixture containing the milk raw material and the starter, the organic acid or the salt thereof can be added. After adding an organic acid or a salt thereof to either, it may be mixed with the remaining raw materials.
Examples of the organic acid include malic acid, glucono delta lactone (GDL), phytic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, and citric acid. Malic acid is preferred.
As said malic acid, the refined commercially available malic acid or its salt can also be used, for example, fruit juice, its concentrate, what coated malic acid or its salt with fats and oils etc. can also be used. As a salt of malic acid, a sodium salt can be mentioned, for example. DL-malic acid or DL-sodium malate is preferred.
The addition amount of the organic acid may be 0.001 to 0.07% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.05% by weight, based on the entire fermentation raw material. More preferably, it is 0.01 to 0.03% by weight, and 0.02% by weight is most preferable.
The amount of the organic acid salt added may be 0.001 to 0.7% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.3% by weight, based on the entire fermentation raw material. More preferably, it is 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, and most preferably 0.1% by weight.

前記乳原料としては、生乳、牛乳、脱脂乳、脱脂粉乳、クリーム、乳タンパク製品(例えば、MPC(Milk Protein Concentrate)、MCI(Micellar Casein Isolate)、MPI(Milk Protein Isolate)、WPC(Whey Protein Concentrate)、WPI(Whey protein Isolate)、カゼイネート)等を挙げることができる。
前記発酵原料におけるタンパク質の含有量としては、発酵原料全体に対して、例えば、2−30重量%、3−25重量%、または4−20重量%、5−20重量%を挙げることができる。
前記スターターとしては、乳酸菌または酵母を挙げることができる。前記乳酸菌としては、例えば、ラクトバチルス・ブルガリカス(L.bulgaricus)、ストレプトコッカス・サーモフィルス(S.thermophilus)、ラクトバチルス・ラクティス(L.lactis)、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィリス(L.acidophilus)、ビフィズス(Bifidobacterium spp.)を用いることができる。
前記発酵原料は、乳原料およびスターターを含む。さらに、水、糖(例えば、ラクトース、グラニュー糖)、甘味料(例えば、スクラロース、ステビア)、香料(例えば、ヨーグルトフレーバー)、ゼラチン、ペクチン、安定化剤、増粘多糖類、加工デンプン等を含むことができる。
Examples of the milk material include raw milk, cow's milk, skim milk, skim milk powder, cream, milk protein products (for example, MPC (Milk Protein Consentate), MCI (Miclar Casen Isolate), MPI (Milk Protein Isolate), WPC (Whey Protein Concentrate). ), WPI (Whey protein Isolate), caseinate), and the like.
As content of the protein in the said fermentation raw material, 2-30 weight%, 3-25 weight%, or 4-20 weight%, 5-20 weight% can be mentioned with respect to the whole fermentation raw material, for example.
Examples of the starter include lactic acid bacteria and yeast. Examples of the lactic acid bacteria include Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus), Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus), Lactobacillus lactis (L. lactis), Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), Bifidosus (Bifidobacterium spp.) Can be used.
The fermentation raw material includes a milk raw material and a starter. In addition, water, sugar (eg, lactose, granulated sugar), sweetener (eg, sucralose, stevia), flavoring (eg, yogurt flavor), gelatin, pectin, stabilizer, thickening polysaccharide, modified starch, etc. be able to.

発酵原料の調製工程は、例えば、乳原料を含む原材料を混合して均質化(ホモジナイズ)し、加熱殺菌および冷却後、スターターを添加することにより行うことができる。有機酸またはその塩の添加は、加熱殺菌前でも後でも特に限定されない。加熱殺菌前に有機酸を添加するのが好ましい。
本発明における発酵工程は、発酵乳の製造において通常用いられる方法で行うことができる。例えば、30〜45℃で4〜36時間発酵することにより行うことができる。
本発明にかかる発酵乳は、発酵工程が終了後、さらに、甘味料、果肉などを混合することができる。前記発酵乳のタンパク質含有量は、発酵原料全体に対して、例えば2−30重量%、3−25重量%、4−20重量%、または5−20重量%である。また、前記発酵乳の脂肪分は、例えば、0−4重量%、0−3重量%である。
本発明にかかる発酵乳の滑らかさは、官能検査またはレオメーター(HAAKE RheoStress 6000、サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック社製)により評価することができる。両者を併用して評価するのが好ましい。
The fermentation raw material preparation step can be performed, for example, by mixing raw materials including milk raw materials, homogenizing (homogenizing), adding a starter after heat sterilization and cooling. The addition of the organic acid or a salt thereof is not particularly limited before or after heat sterilization. It is preferable to add an organic acid before heat sterilization.
The fermentation process in this invention can be performed by the method normally used in manufacture of fermented milk. For example, it can be performed by fermentation at 30 to 45 ° C. for 4 to 36 hours.
The fermented milk according to the present invention can be further mixed with a sweetener, pulp and the like after the fermentation process is completed. The protein content of the fermented milk is, for example, 2-30% by weight, 3-25% by weight, 4-20% by weight, or 5-20% by weight with respect to the entire fermentation raw material. Moreover, the fat content of the fermented milk is, for example, 0-4% by weight, 0-3% by weight.
The smoothness of the fermented milk according to the present invention can be evaluated by a sensory test or a rheometer (HAAKE RheoStress 6000, manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific). It is preferable to evaluate both in combination.

以下に、実施例を掲げて本発明をさらに詳述する。但し、本発明が下記実施例に限定されないことは言うまでもない。
実施例1 本発明発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
脱脂粉乳(脱脂粉乳L、雪印メグミルク株式会社製)、グラニュー糖(三井製糖株式会社製)、乳タンパクMCI(PRODIET 85B、日本新薬株式会社製)、DL−リンゴ酸(扶桑化学株式会社)、水を表1の割合で攪拌しながら溶解し、65℃まで加温後、150barでホモジナイズした。次いで80℃まで加熱して殺菌した後、43℃に冷却した。Lactobacillus acidophilus、Bifidobacterium spp.およびStreptococcus salivarius subsp.thermophilusからなるスターター(ABT−1、 クリスチャンハンセン社製)を表1の割合で加え、容器に分注後、37℃で31.5時間発酵した。ブレンダーにて調製した後、カップに注入して8℃にて保管し、タンパク含量10%のヨーグルトを製造した。
比較例1 発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
発酵原料にリンゴ酸を添加しなかった以外は実施例1と同様の方法で表1の割合で原材料を調製し、ヨーグルトを製造した。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. However, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1 Production of Fermented Milk of the Invention (Yogurt) Nonfat dry milk (fat dry milk L, Snow Brand Megmilk Co., Ltd.), granulated sugar (manufactured by Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.), milk protein MCI (PRODIET 85B, Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd.), DL-malic acid (Fuso Chemical Co., Ltd.) and water were dissolved with stirring in the ratios shown in Table 1, heated to 65 ° C., and then homogenized at 150 bar. Then, the mixture was sterilized by heating to 80 ° C., and then cooled to 43 ° C. Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium spp. And Streptococcus salivarius subsp. A starter consisting of thermophilus (ABT-1, manufactured by Christian Hansen) was added at the ratio shown in Table 1, and after dispensing into a container, the mixture was fermented at 37 ° C. for 31.5 hours. After preparing with a blender, it was poured into a cup and stored at 8 ° C. to produce yogurt with a protein content of 10%.
Comparative Example 1 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) Raw materials were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that malic acid was not added to the fermentation raw material, and yogurt was produced.

試験例1
実施例1および比較例1で製造したヨーグルトの食感の滑らかさを成人17名による官能検査を行い評価した。2点識別試験法により実施例1と比較例1で得られたヨーグルトを比較した結果、17名全員が実施例1の方が滑らかな食感であると評価した。
また、実施例1および比較例1で製造したヨーグルトのpH測定、酸度測定を行った。pH測定はpHメーター(HM−25R、東亜DKK社製)を用いて行った。酸度は0.1N NaOHにて電位差自動滴定装置(AT−510、京都電子工業株式会社製)を用いて滴定し、滴定量から酸度表示法に従って算出した。その結果を表1に示す。

Figure 2016214241


以上の通り、リンゴ酸を添加した実施例1で得られた本発明のヨーグルトは比較例1で得られたヨーグルトと比較して滑らかさが明らかに向上した。また、表1に示されるように、0.02重量%のリンゴ酸の添加は、pH、酸度、発酵速度にほとんど影響を与えなかった。 Test example 1
The smoothness of the texture of the yogurt produced in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was evaluated by a sensory test by 17 adults. As a result of comparing the yogurts obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 by the two-point discrimination test method, all 17 persons evaluated that Example 1 had a smoother texture.
Moreover, pH measurement and acidity measurement of the yogurt manufactured in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were performed. The pH was measured using a pH meter (HM-25R, manufactured by Toa DKK). The acidity was titrated with 0.1N NaOH using an automatic potentiometric titrator (AT-510, manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry Co., Ltd.), and calculated from titration according to the acidity display method. The results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2016214241


As described above, the smoothness of the yogurt of the present invention obtained in Example 1 to which malic acid was added was clearly improved as compared with the yogurt obtained in Comparative Example 1. As shown in Table 1, addition of 0.02% by weight of malic acid had little effect on pH, acidity, and fermentation rate.

実施例2 本発明発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
脱脂粉乳(脱脂粉乳L、雪印メグミルク株式会社製)、グラニュー糖(三井製糖株式会社製)、乳タンパクMPC(MGL85K、日本新薬株式会社製)、DL−リンゴ酸(扶桑化学株式会社製)、水1を表2の割合で撹拌しながら溶解し、65℃まで加温後、150barでホモジナイズした。次いで、80℃まで加熱して殺菌した後、43℃に冷却した。Lactobacilus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricusおよびS.thermophilusからなるスターター(YC370、クリスチャンハンセン社製)を水2(滅菌水)にて分散し、表2の割合で加え、容器に分注後、43℃で4.5時間発酵した。ブレンダーにて調製した後、カップに注入して8℃にて保管し、タンパク含量10%のヨーグルトを製造した。
比較例2 発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
発酵原料にリンゴ酸を添加しなかった以外は実施例2と同様の方法で、表2の割合で原材料を調製し、ヨーグルトを製造した。
Example 2 Production of fermented milk (yogurt) of the present invention Nonfat dry milk (fat dry milk L, Snow Brand Megmilk Co., Ltd.), granulated sugar (Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.), milk protein MPC (MGL85K, Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd.), DL -Malic acid (manufactured by Fuso Chemical Co., Ltd.) and water 1 were dissolved while stirring at the ratio shown in Table 2, heated to 65 ° C, and then homogenized at 150 bar. Next, the mixture was sterilized by heating to 80 ° C., and then cooled to 43 ° C. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and S. A starter made of thermophilus (YC370, manufactured by Christian Hansen) was dispersed in water 2 (sterile water), added in the ratio shown in Table 2, dispensed into a container, and fermented at 43 ° C. for 4.5 hours. After preparing with a blender, it was poured into a cup and stored at 8 ° C. to produce yogurt with a protein content of 10%.
Comparative Example 2 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) Raw materials were prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that malic acid was not added to the fermentation raw material, and yogurt was produced.

試験例2
実施例2および比較例2で製造したヨーグルトの食感の滑らかさを成人10名による官能検査を行い評価した。2点識別試験法により実施例2と比較例2で得られたヨーグルトを比較した結果、10名全員が実施例2の方が滑らかな食感であると評価した。
また、試験例1と同様の方法で、pH測定、酸度測定を行った。その結果を表2に示す。

Figure 2016214241

以上の通り、リンゴ酸を添加した実施例1で得られた本発明のヨーグルトは比較例2で得られたヨーグルトと比較して明らかに滑らかさが向上した。また、表2に示されるように、0.02重量%のリンゴ酸添加は、pH、酸度、発酵速度にほとんど影響を与えなかった。
試験例3
実施例2および比較例2で製造したヨーグルトについて食感の滑らかさのうち、口どけ感や付着性、喉ごしに影響を与える粘性について、レオメーター(HAAKE RheoStress 6000、サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック社製)を用いて測定した。試料台は直径20mmのアルミニウムプレートを、測定センサーは直径20mmのコーン型(Cone C20/2° Til 体積0.8mL)を使用した。試料台温度を10℃または30℃に設定し、試料台とセンサーのギャップは0.105mmに固定した。測定モードはCS−CRフローカーブを選択し、軸回転速度は線形加速で2分間の速度範囲を0−20/sに設定した。その結果を図1に示す。
図1に示されるように、実施例2で得られた本発明のヨーグルトは比較例2で得られたヨーグルトより粘性が低いことが確認された。 Test example 2
The smoothness of the texture of the yogurt produced in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 was evaluated by performing a sensory test with 10 adults. As a result of comparing the yogurts obtained in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 by the two-point discrimination test method, all 10 persons evaluated that Example 2 had a smoother texture.
Further, pH measurement and acidity measurement were performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.

Figure 2016214241

As described above, the smoothness of the yogurt of the present invention obtained in Example 1 to which malic acid was added was clearly improved as compared with the yogurt obtained in Comparative Example 2. As shown in Table 2, addition of 0.02% by weight of malic acid had little effect on pH, acidity, and fermentation rate.
Test example 3
Among the smooth textures of the yogurts produced in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, the rheometer (HAAKE RheoStress 6000, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) ). An aluminum plate having a diameter of 20 mm was used as the sample stage, and a cone type (Cone C20 / 2 ° Til volume 0.8 mL) having a diameter of 20 mm was used as the measurement sensor. The sample stage temperature was set to 10 ° C. or 30 ° C., and the gap between the sample stage and the sensor was fixed at 0.105 mm. The CS-CR flow curve was selected as the measurement mode, and the rotational speed of the shaft was set to 0-20 / s with a linear acceleration for 2 minutes. The result is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, it was confirmed that the yogurt of the present invention obtained in Example 2 was lower in viscosity than the yogurt obtained in Comparative Example 2.

実施例3 本発明発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
牛乳(あじわい牛乳、雪印メグミルク株式会社製)、グラニュー糖(三井製糖株式会社製)、乳タンパク(カゼインとWPCの混合物)、DL−リンゴ酸(扶桑化学株式会社製)を表3の割合で撹拌しながら溶解し、65℃まで加温後、150barでホモジナイズした。次いで80℃まで加熱して殺菌した後、43℃に冷却した。Streptococcus thermophilus、Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. BulgaricusおよびBifidobacteriumからなるスターター(ソーグリークF1、クリスチャンハンセン社製)を表3の割合で加え、容器に分注後、43℃で5時間発酵した。8℃にて保管し、タンパク含量10%のヨーグルト(ハード)を製造した。
実施例4 本発明発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
実施例3と同様の方法によりヨーグルトを製造した。ただし、発酵終了後、ブレンダーにて調製した後カップに注入し、8℃にて保管し、タンパク含量10%のヨーグルト(ソフト)を製造した。
比較例3 発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
リンゴ酸を添加しなかった以外は実施例3と同様の方法で、表3の割合で原材料を調製し、ヨーグルトを製造した。
比較例4 発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
リンゴ酸を添加しなかった以外は実施例4と同様の方法で、表3の割合で原材料を調製し、ヨーグルトを製造した。
Example 3 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) of the Present Invention Milk (Ajiwai Milk, Snow Brand Megmilk Co., Ltd.), Granulated Sugar (Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.), Milk Protein (Casein and WPC mixture), DL-malic acid (Sulfur) Chemical Co., Ltd.) was dissolved while stirring at the ratio shown in Table 3, heated to 65 ° C., and then homogenized at 150 bar. Then, the mixture was sterilized by heating to 80 ° C., and then cooled to 43 ° C. Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. A starter composed of Bulgaricus and Bifidobacterium (Saw Creek F1, manufactured by Christian Hansen) was added at the ratio shown in Table 3, and after dispensing into a container, fermentation was performed at 43 ° C for 5 hours. The yogurt (hard) having a protein content of 10% was produced by storing at 8 ° C.
Example 4 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) of the Present Invention Yogurt was produced in the same manner as in Example 3. However, after completion of fermentation, the mixture was prepared with a blender, poured into a cup, and stored at 8 ° C. to produce yogurt (soft) having a protein content of 10%.
Comparative Example 3 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) Raw materials were prepared in the ratios shown in Table 3 in the same manner as in Example 3 except that malic acid was not added to produce yogurt.
Comparative Example 4 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) Raw materials were prepared at the ratios shown in Table 3 in the same manner as in Example 4 except that malic acid was not added, and yogurt was produced.

試験例4
実施例3、4、比較例3、4で製造したヨーグルトの食感の滑らかさを成人6名による官能検査を行い評価した。2点識別試験法により実施例3と比較例3で得られたヨーグルトを比較した結果、6名全員が実施例3で得られた本発明のヨーグルトの方が滑らかな食感であると評価した。実施例4と比較例4で得られたヨーグルトを2点識別試験法により比較した結果では、6名全員が実施例4で得られた本発明のヨーグルトの方が滑らかな食感であると評価した。
また、試験例1と同様の方法で、pH測定、酸度測定を行った。その結果を表3に示す。

Figure 2016214241

以上の通り、リンゴ酸を添加した実施例3または実施例4で得られた本発明のヨーグルトは比較例3または比較例4で得られたヨーグルトとそれぞれ比較した結果、明らかに滑らかさが向上した。また、表3に示されるように、0.02重量%のリンゴ酸添加は、pH、酸度、発酵速度にほとんど影響を与えなかった。 Test example 4
The smoothness of the texture of the yogurt produced in Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 was evaluated by a sensory test with six adults. As a result of comparing the yogurts obtained in Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 by the two-point discrimination test method, all six persons evaluated that the yogurt of the present invention obtained in Example 3 had a smoother texture. . As a result of comparing the yogurts obtained in Example 4 and Comparative Example 4 by the two-point discrimination test method, all six persons evaluated that the yogurt of the present invention obtained in Example 4 had a smoother texture. did.
Further, pH measurement and acidity measurement were performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3.

Figure 2016214241

As described above, the yogurt of the present invention obtained in Example 3 or Example 4 to which malic acid was added was compared with the yogurt obtained in Comparative Example 3 or Comparative Example 4, respectively. As a result, smoothness was clearly improved. . Further, as shown in Table 3, addition of 0.02% by weight of malic acid had little effect on pH, acidity, and fermentation rate.

試験例5
実施例3、4および比較例3、4で製造したヨーグルトについて食感の滑らかさのうち、口どけ感や付着性、喉ごしに影響を与える粘性について、レオメーター(HAAKE RheoStress 6000、サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック社製)を用いて測定した。試料台は直径20mmのアルミニウムプレートを、測定センサーは直径20mmのコーン型(Cone C20/2° Til 体積0.8mL)を使用した。試料台温度を10℃または30℃に設定し、試料台とセンサーのギャップは0.105mmに固定した。測定モードはCS−CRフローカーブを選択し、軸回転速度は線形加速で2分間の速度範囲を0−20/sに設定した。その結果を図3〜6に示す。
図3〜6に示されるように、実施例3で得られた本発明のヨーグルトは比較例3で得られたヨーグルトより、また実施例4で得られた本発明のヨーグルトは比較例4で得られたヨーグルトより粘性が低いことが確認された。
Test Example 5
Among the smooth texture of the yogurt produced in Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the rheometer (HAAKE RheoStress 6000, Thermo Fisher) (Scientific). An aluminum plate having a diameter of 20 mm was used as the sample stage, and a cone type (Cone C20 / 2 ° Til volume 0.8 mL) having a diameter of 20 mm was used as the measurement sensor. The sample stage temperature was set to 10 ° C. or 30 ° C., and the gap between the sample stage and the sensor was fixed at 0.105 mm. The CS-CR flow curve was selected as the measurement mode, and the rotational speed of the shaft was set to 0-20 / s with a linear acceleration for 2 minutes. The results are shown in FIGS.
3-6, the yogurt of the present invention obtained in Example 3 was obtained from the yogurt obtained in Comparative Example 3, and the yogurt of the present invention obtained in Example 4 was obtained in Comparative Example 4. It was confirmed that the viscosity was lower than the obtained yogurt.

実施例5 本発明発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
脱脂粉乳(脱脂粉乳L、雪印メグミルク株式会社製)、グラニュー糖(三井製糖株式会社製)、乳タンパクMPC(MGL85K、日本新薬株式会社製)、DL−リンゴ酸(扶桑化学株式会社製)、水を表4の割合で撹拌しながら溶解し、65℃まで加温後、150barでホモジナイズした。次いで、80℃まで加熱して殺菌した後、43℃に冷却した。スターター(ソーグリークF1、クリスチャンハンセン社製)を表4の割合で加え、容器に分注後、43℃で4.5時間発酵した。8℃にて保管し、タンパク含量10%のヨーグルト(ハード)を製造した。
実施例6 本発明発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
DL−リンゴ酸の代わりにDL−リンゴ酸ナトリウム(扶桑化学株式会社製)を添加した以外は実施例5と同様の方法で、表4の割合で原材料を調製し、ヨーグルトを製造した。
実施例7 本発明発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
実施例6と同様の方法で、表4の割合で原材料を調製し、ヨーグルトを製造した。
実施例8 本発明発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
実施例6と同様の方法で、表4の割合で原材料を調製し、ヨーグルトを製造した。
比較例5 発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
発酵原料にリンゴ酸を添加しなかった以外は実施例5と同様の方法で、表4の割合で原材料を調製し、ヨーグルトを製造した。
Example 5 Production of fermented milk (yogurt) of the present invention Nonfat dry milk (fat dry milk L, Snow Brand Megmilk Co., Ltd.), granulated sugar (manufactured by Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.), milk protein MPC (MGL85K, Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd.), DL -Malic acid (manufactured by Fuso Chemical Co., Ltd.) and water were dissolved while stirring at the ratio shown in Table 4, heated to 65 ° C, and then homogenized at 150 bar. Next, the mixture was sterilized by heating to 80 ° C., and then cooled to 43 ° C. A starter (Saw Greek F1, manufactured by Christian Hansen) was added at the ratio shown in Table 4, and after dispensing into a container, fermentation was performed at 43 ° C for 4.5 hours. The yogurt (hard) having a protein content of 10% was produced by storing at 8 ° C.
Example 6 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) of the Present Invention The same method as in Example 5 except that DL-malic acid sodium (manufactured by Fuso Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added instead of DL-malic acid. Raw materials were prepared to produce yogurt.
Example 7 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) of the Present Invention In the same manner as in Example 6, raw materials were prepared at the ratios shown in Table 4 to produce yogurt.
Example 8 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) of the Present Invention In the same manner as in Example 6, raw materials were prepared in the proportions shown in Table 4 to produce yogurt.
Comparative Example 5 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) Raw materials were prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that malic acid was not added to the fermentation raw material in the proportions shown in Table 4 to produce yogurt.

試験例6
実施例5〜8および比較例5で製造したヨーグルトの食感の滑らかさを成人6名による官能検査を行い評価した。2点識別試験法により実施例5〜8と比較例5で得られたヨーグルトを比較した結果、6名全員が実施例5〜8の方が比較例5よりも滑らかな食感であると評価した。
また、試験例1と同様の方法で、pH測定、酸度測定を行った。その結果を表4に示す。

Figure 2016214241

以上の通り、リンゴ酸を添加した実施例5またはリンゴ酸ナトリウムを添加した実施例6〜8で得られた本発明のヨーグルトは比較例5で得られたヨーグルトとそれぞれ比較して、明らかに滑らかさが向上した。また、リンゴ酸またはリンゴ酸ナトリウムの添加は、pH、発酵速度にほとんど影響を与えなかった。 Test Example 6
The smoothness of the texture of the yogurt produced in Examples 5 to 8 and Comparative Example 5 was evaluated by a sensory test with six adults. As a result of comparing the yogurts obtained in Examples 5 to 8 and Comparative Example 5 by the two-point discrimination test method, all six people evaluated that Examples 5 to 8 had a smoother texture than Comparative Example 5. did.
Further, pH measurement and acidity measurement were performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4.

Figure 2016214241

As described above, the yogurt of the present invention obtained in Example 5 to which malic acid was added or Examples 6 to 8 to which sodium malate was added was clearly smoother than the yogurt obtained in Comparative Example 5, respectively. Improved. The addition of malic acid or sodium malate had little effect on pH and fermentation rate.

実施例9 本発明発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
脱脂粉乳(脱脂粉乳L、雪印メグミルク株式会社製)、グラニュー糖(三井製糖株式会社製)、乳タンパクMPC(MGL85K、日本新薬株式会社製)、DL−リンゴ酸(扶桑化学株式会社製)、水を表5の割合で撹拌しながら溶解し、65℃まで加温後、150barでホモジナイズした。次いで、80℃まで加熱して殺菌した後、43℃に冷却した。スターター(ソーグリークF1、クリスチャンハンセン社製)を表5の割合で加え、得られたヨーグルトミックス29gを50mL容の遠心チューブに分注後、43℃でpH4.9になるまで発酵した。8℃にて1日保管し、タンパク含量10%のヨーグルト(ハード)を製造した。

実施例10 本発明発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
DL−リンゴ酸の代わりにDL−リンゴ酸ナトリウム(扶桑化学株式会社製)を添加した以外は実施例9と同様の方法で、表5の割合で原材料を調製し、ヨーグルトを製造した。
比較例6 発酵乳(ヨーグルト)の製造
発酵原料にリンゴ酸を添加しなかった以外は実施例9と同様の方法で、表5の割合で原材料を調製し、ヨーグルトを製造した。

Figure 2016214241
Example 9 Production of fermented milk (yogurt) of the present invention Nonfat dry milk (fat dry milk L, Snow Brand Megmilk Co., Ltd.), granulated sugar (manufactured by Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.), milk protein MPC (MGL85K, Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd.), DL -Malic acid (manufactured by Fuso Chemical Co., Ltd.) and water were dissolved while stirring at the ratio shown in Table 5, heated to 65 ° C, and then homogenized at 150 bar. Next, the mixture was sterilized by heating to 80 ° C., and then cooled to 43 ° C. A starter (Saw Greek F1, manufactured by Christian Hansen) was added at a ratio shown in Table 5, and 29 g of the obtained yogurt mix was dispensed into a 50 mL centrifuge tube, followed by fermentation at 43 ° C. until pH 4.9. It was stored at 8 ° C. for 1 day to produce yogurt (hard) with a protein content of 10%.

Example 10 Manufacture of fermented milk of the present invention (yogurt) The same method as in Example 9 except that DL-malic acid sodium (manufactured by Fuso Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added instead of DL-malic acid. Raw materials were prepared to produce yogurt.
Comparative Example 6 Production of Fermented Milk (Yogurt) Raw materials were prepared at the ratios shown in Table 5 in the same manner as in Example 9 except that malic acid was not added to the fermentation raw material to produce yogurt.

Figure 2016214241

試験例6
実施例9、10および比較例6で製造したヨーグルトを3600rpmで10分間遠心した後、テクスチャーアナライザー(TA−XT2、Stable Micro Systems社製)を用い、先端細部円柱プローブにて1mm/秒、10mm侵入の条件で穿刺した。8℃にて16時間保管後、8℃下、3600rpmで10分間遠心する前と後の各ヨーグルトについて離水量を測定した。その結果を表6に示す。

Figure 2016214241

表6に示されるように、実施例9および10で得られた本発明のヨーグルトは比較例6より離水量が少なく、離水が防止されていた。 Test Example 6
The yogurts produced in Examples 9 and 10 and Comparative Example 6 were centrifuged at 3600 rpm for 10 minutes, and then textured analyzer (TA-XT2, manufactured by Stable Micro Systems) was used to infiltrate 1 mm / second and 10 mm with a tip detailed cylindrical probe. Puncture was performed under the conditions of After storage at 8 ° C. for 16 hours, the water separation amount was measured for each yogurt before and after centrifugation at 3600 rpm for 10 minutes at 8 ° C. The results are shown in Table 6.

Figure 2016214241

As shown in Table 6, the yogurt of the present invention obtained in Examples 9 and 10 had less water separation than Comparative Example 6, and water separation was prevented.

本発明によれば、滑らかな食感の発酵乳を通常の製造方法で簡便に製造することができる。
According to the present invention, fermented milk having a smooth texture can be easily produced by a normal production method.

Claims (11)

乳原料およびスターターを含む発酵原料の調製工程と発酵工程とを含み、調製工程において有機酸またはその塩を添加する、発酵乳の製造方法。 A method for producing fermented milk, comprising a fermentation raw material preparation step including a milk raw material and a starter and a fermentation step, and adding an organic acid or a salt thereof in the preparation step. 調整工程において有機酸を添加し、かかる有機酸の添加量が発酵原料の0.001〜0.07重量%である、請求項1の製造方法。 The manufacturing method of Claim 1 which adds an organic acid in an adjustment process, and the addition amount of this organic acid is 0.001-0.07 weight% of a fermentation raw material. 調整工程において有機酸の塩を添加し、かかる有機酸の塩の添加量が発酵原料の0.001〜0.7重量%である、請求項1の製造方法。 The method according to claim 1, wherein an organic acid salt is added in the adjusting step, and the amount of the organic acid salt added is 0.001 to 0.7% by weight of the fermentation raw material. 有機酸がリンゴ酸である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。 The manufacturing method of any one of Claims 1-3 whose organic acid is malic acid. 有機酸の塩がナトリウム塩である、請求項3に記載の製造方法。 The production method according to claim 3, wherein the salt of the organic acid is a sodium salt. 請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により製造される発酵乳。 Fermented milk produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 乳原料およびスターターを含む発酵原料を発酵させて製造する発酵乳において、発酵原料に有機酸またはその塩を添加して発酵乳の食感を滑らかにする方法。 A method for smoothening the texture of fermented milk by adding an organic acid or a salt thereof to fermented milk in fermented milk produced by fermenting a fermented raw material including a milk raw material and a starter. 発酵原料に有機酸を添加し、かかる有機酸の添加量が発酵原料全体の0.001〜0.07重量%である、請求項7の食感を滑らかにする方法。 The method of smoothing the food texture of Claim 7 which adds an organic acid to a fermentation raw material, and the addition amount of this organic acid is 0.001-0.07 weight% of the whole fermentation raw material. 発酵原料に有機酸の塩を添加し、かかる有機酸の塩の添加量が発酵原料の0.001〜0.7重量%である、請求項7の方法。 The method according to claim 7, wherein an organic acid salt is added to the fermentation raw material, and the amount of the organic acid salt added is 0.001 to 0.7% by weight of the fermentation raw material. 有機酸がリンゴ酸である、請求項7〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the organic acid is malic acid. 有機酸の塩がナトリウム塩である、請求項9に記載の方法。

The method according to claim 9, wherein the salt of the organic acid is a sodium salt.

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JPS5095454A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-07-29
JPS6137049A (en) * 1984-07-31 1986-02-21 Glyco Kyodo Nyugyo Kk Preparation of kefir
JPS61135539A (en) * 1984-12-05 1986-06-23 Glyco Kyodo Nyugyo Kk Production of fermented mild containing carbon dioxide gas
JP2000342175A (en) * 1999-06-03 2000-12-12 Calpis Co Ltd Highly stable fermented diary product
JP2005237238A (en) * 2004-02-25 2005-09-08 Asama Chemical Co Ltd Method for producing antibody-containing fermented food
JP2009058393A (en) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-19 Sysmex Corp Reagent for measuring blood coagulation, and method for measuring blood coagulation time
WO2010035825A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 味の素株式会社 Method for producing modified milk
WO2012067081A1 (en) * 2010-11-18 2012-05-24 株式会社 明治 Fermented milk with reduced sourness and method for producing same

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5095454A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-07-29
JPS6137049A (en) * 1984-07-31 1986-02-21 Glyco Kyodo Nyugyo Kk Preparation of kefir
JPS61135539A (en) * 1984-12-05 1986-06-23 Glyco Kyodo Nyugyo Kk Production of fermented mild containing carbon dioxide gas
JP2000342175A (en) * 1999-06-03 2000-12-12 Calpis Co Ltd Highly stable fermented diary product
JP2005237238A (en) * 2004-02-25 2005-09-08 Asama Chemical Co Ltd Method for producing antibody-containing fermented food
JP2009058393A (en) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-19 Sysmex Corp Reagent for measuring blood coagulation, and method for measuring blood coagulation time
WO2010035825A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 味の素株式会社 Method for producing modified milk
WO2012067081A1 (en) * 2010-11-18 2012-05-24 株式会社 明治 Fermented milk with reduced sourness and method for producing same

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